WO2022202073A1 - アンテナ装置 - Google Patents
アンテナ装置 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2022202073A1 WO2022202073A1 PCT/JP2022/007512 JP2022007512W WO2022202073A1 WO 2022202073 A1 WO2022202073 A1 WO 2022202073A1 JP 2022007512 W JP2022007512 W JP 2022007512W WO 2022202073 A1 WO2022202073 A1 WO 2022202073A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- antenna
- antenna device
- substrate
- vehicle
- ground member
- Prior art date
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- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 19
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- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 18
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 13
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000010295 mobile communication Methods 0.000 description 5
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- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000005404 monopole Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003989 dielectric material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004308 accommodation Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/27—Adaptation for use in or on movable bodies
- H01Q1/32—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles
- H01Q1/325—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles characterised by the location of the antenna on the vehicle
- H01Q1/3275—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles characterised by the location of the antenna on the vehicle mounted on a horizontal surface of the vehicle, e.g. on roof, hood, trunk
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/48—Earthing means; Earth screens; Counterpoises
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/52—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure
- H01Q1/521—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure reducing the coupling between adjacent antennas
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
- H01Q19/10—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces
- H01Q19/106—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces using two or more intersecting plane surfaces, e.g. corner reflector antennas
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/28—Combinations of substantially independent non-interacting antenna units or systems
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
- H01Q5/30—Arrangements for providing operation on different wavebands
- H01Q5/307—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way
- H01Q5/342—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way for different propagation modes
- H01Q5/357—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way for different propagation modes using a single feed point
- H01Q5/364—Creating multiple current paths
- H01Q5/371—Branching current paths
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
- H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
- H01Q9/0407—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna
- H01Q9/0414—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna in a stacked or folded configuration
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
- H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
- H01Q9/0407—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna
- H01Q9/0421—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna with a shorting wall or a shorting pin at one end of the element
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
- H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
- H01Q9/30—Resonant antennas with feed to end of elongated active element, e.g. unipole
- H01Q9/32—Vertical arrangement of element
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an antenna device.
- Patent Document 1 discloses an antenna device that accommodates a plurality of antennas.
- the parasitic capacitance between the antenna and the ground member may affect the characteristics of the antenna.
- one example of the object of the present invention is to suppress the influence on antenna characteristics.
- a first substrate is arranged at an end portion of a ground member attached to a reinforcing member of a vehicle in at least one direction of the front-rear direction of the vehicle; and a first arm portion extending from the first standing portion and overlapping with the end portion of the ground member in a plan view. and a first antenna element.
- a ground member is attached to a reinforcing member of a vehicle and extends from the reinforcing member in at least one direction of the front-rear direction of the vehicle; and an end of the ground member in the one direction.
- a first substrate arranged in a portion, a first standing portion formed so as to stand up with respect to the first substrate, and extending from the first standing portion; and a first antenna element provided on the first substrate, the first antenna element having a first arm overlapping the end of the first substrate.
- an antenna device capable of suppressing the influence on the characteristics of the accommodated antenna.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining the relationship between a frame F of a vehicle C and an antenna device 10;
- FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of the antenna device 10;
- FIG. 3A is a perspective view of the antenna device 30A with the cover 61A omitted;
- FIG. 3B is a perspective view of the antenna device 30B with the cover 61B omitted;
- FIG. 50A is a figure for demonstrating the antenna 50A.
- 3(a) is a diagram showing an example of the position of an arm 110A
- (b) is a diagram showing another example of the position of the arm 110A
- (c) is a plan view of the arm 110A and the ground member 200.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram showing horizontal directivity of an antenna 52B; 3 is a diagram for explaining the arrangement of the antenna device 300 in the vehicle C; FIG. 3 is a partially exploded perspective view of the antenna device 300.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram showing horizontal directivity of an antenna 52B; 3 is a diagram for explaining the arrangement of the antenna device 300 in the vehicle C; FIG. 3 is a partially exploded perspective view of the antenna device 300.
- FIG. 1 is a side view of a vehicle C and a partial cross section of the vehicle C.
- FIG. FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the positional relationship between the frame F of the vehicle C and the antenna device 10.
- the partial cross section of FIG. 1 is an enlarged view of the cabin ceiling portion of the cross section of the vehicle C taken along the line AA of FIG.
- the direction is determined with reference to vehicle C as shown in FIG. Specifically, the direction of travel in front of the driver's seat of the vehicle C is forward, and the opposite direction is backward. It is a direction perpendicular to the running direction, and the width direction of the vehicle C is defined as the left-right direction.
- the front side is the left direction
- the back side is the right direction.
- it is set to the vertical direction according to the vertical direction of the vehicle C. Unless otherwise specified, the above definitions of directions and the like are common in this specification.
- the antenna device 10 is a vehicle antenna device that includes antenna devices 30A and 30B (described later) each including a plurality of antennas, and is used in a vehicle C that is a vehicle with wheels.
- a space S is formed in the vehicle C below the roof panel P on the upper surface and above the ceiling surface U of the passenger compartment.
- the antenna device 10 is attached to the reinforcing member R1 positioned in the space S.
- the roof panel P is a dielectric panel that transmits electromagnetic waves (hereinafter referred to as "radio waves”), and is provided on the vehicle C so as to cover the ceiling surface U of the passenger compartment.
- the frame F of the vehicle C is made of metal.
- a reinforcing member R1 and roof side rails R2 and R3 are provided on the ceiling of the vehicle C as part of the frame F.
- the reinforcing member R1 is a member provided between the roof side rails R2 and R3 to reinforce the vehicle C.
- the antenna device 10 may be attached to a frame F that constitutes the vehicle C other than the reinforcing member R1. Further, the antenna device 10 may be an antenna device other than for vehicles.
- the size of the space S in which the antenna device 10 is accommodated is limited. Therefore, it is necessary to reduce the size of the antenna devices 30A and 30B constituting the antenna device 10 (in particular, to reduce the height in the vertical direction).
- the antenna device 10 includes a ground member 20, an antenna device 30A, and an antenna device 30B, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, for example. 3 is an exploded perspective view of the antenna device 10.
- FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view of the antenna device 10.
- the antenna device 10 includes the ground member 20, but the antenna device may not include the ground member 20.
- the ground member 20, the antenna device 30A, and the antenna device 30B may be configured as one set as the antenna device 10, or the ground member 20 may be handled separately from the antenna devices 30A and 30B.
- antenna device 10 corresponds to antenna device 30A and/or antenna device 30B.
- the ground member 20 is fixed to the reinforcement member R1 at the substantially central portion in the front-rear direction so as to extend forward and rearward of the reinforcement member R1.
- the ground member 20 extends both forward and rearward of the reinforcing member R1, but may be extended forward or rearward.
- the term "substantially quadrilateral” refers to, for example, a shape including a square and a rectangle, which consists of four sides. , at least some of the corners may include curves. Furthermore, in the shape of the “substantially quadrilateral”, notches (concave portions) or protrusions (convex portions) may be provided on some of the sides.
- the ground member 20 is assumed to have a substantially quadrilateral shape, it may have another shape (for example, a circle or a polygonal shape other than a quadrilateral) as long as the antenna device 10 is attached.
- connection is not limited to being physically connected, but includes “electrically connected” unless otherwise specified.
- electrically connected is not limited to connecting with conductors, and includes connecting with electronic circuits, electronic components, and the like. The same applies to the following description.
- the antenna device 30A is a composite antenna device accommodating a plurality of antennas, and includes a ground member 40A, a substrate 41A, antennas 50A to 54A, a connector 60A, and a cover 61A. consists of
- the ground member 40A is a substantially quadrilateral plate-like member made of metal that functions as a ground for the antenna device 30A, and is fixed to the front end T1 of the ground member 20 with a conductive screw (not shown). As a result, the ground member 20 and the ground member 40A are electrically connected.
- the antenna device 30A includes the ground member 40A in this embodiment, it is not limited to this. Specifically, the antenna device 30A may not include the ground member 40A, and the substrate 41A (described later) may be directly provided on the ground member 20. FIG.
- front end T1 of the ground member 20 does not mean the exact front end of the ground member 20, as indicated by the two-dot chain line area in front of FIG. means the area of Although the front end T1 has been described here, the other end of the ground member 20 (for example, the rear end T2) is the same.
- a substrate 41A to which the antennas 50A to 54A are attached is provided above the ground member 40A.
- the substrate 41A is a substantially rectangular member whose sides in the left-right direction are longer than the sides in the front-rear direction.
- the substrate 41A is electrically connected to the antenna 50A via the feeding point 125. As shown in FIG.
- a connector 60A connected to the signal lines from each of the antennas 50A to 54A is provided at the left end of the substrate 41A. Further, in this embodiment, when the cover 61A is attached so as to cover the substrate 41A, the substrate 41A and the cover 61A form a housing space for housing the antennas 50A to 54A.
- the antenna 50A is a broadband antenna (telematics antenna) for mobile communication, and is compatible with, for example, radio waves in the 699 MHz to 5000 MHz (5 GHz) band for Sub 6 in GSM, UMTS, LTE, and 5G (5th generation mobile communication system). ing.
- GSM Global System for Mobile communications
- UMTS Universal Mobile Telecommunications System
- LTE Long Term Evolution
- the antenna 50A is not limited to the communication standard described above, and may be compatible with radio waves in other frequency bands for telematics.
- a predetermined frequency band on the lower side may be referred to as a "low frequency band”.
- the low frequency band refers to, for example, the 699 MHz to 960 MHz band.
- a predetermined frequency band on the higher frequency side than the low frequency band may be referred to as “middle/high frequency band” (or “middle frequency band” and “high frequency band”).
- the medium/high frequency band refers to, for example, both the 1710 MHz to 2690 MHz band (middle frequency band) and the 3300 MHz to 5000 MHz band (high frequency band).
- examples of "low frequency band”, “middle frequency band”, and “high frequency band” are not limited to these, and may differ according to the frequency band of radio waves that the antenna 50A supports.
- the antenna 50A has an upright portion 100A, arm portions 110A and 111A extending from the upright portion 100A, and a short-circuit portion 112A.
- the upright portion 100A is a portion (a part of an element) provided so as to achieve matching at least in a high frequency band among the frequency bands of radio waves corresponding to the antenna 50A, and is formed so as to stand up with respect to the substrate 41A. ing.
- the standing portion 100A is formed to rise substantially perpendicularly (approximately 90°) to the substrate 41A, but may be formed to tilt at an angle different from approximately 90°.
- a feeding point 125A of the antenna 50A is provided at the lower end of the standing portion 100A.
- the standing portion 100A forms a substantially semicircular shape in which a circular arc is formed downward when viewed in the left-right direction. Therefore, the upper end portion of the standing portion 100A is longer in the front-rear direction (hereinafter sometimes referred to as width) than the lower end portion.
- the shape of the standing portion 100A is not limited to the semicircular shape, and may be another shape such as a polygonal shape, and the length of the upper end portion of the standing portion 100A in the front-rear direction may be longer than that of the lower end portion.
- the arm portion 110A is a portion (a part of an element) provided so as to resonate in a low frequency band among the frequency bands of radio waves corresponding to the antenna 50A. As shown by the area surrounded by the dashed line in FIG. 4A, the arm portion 110A extends along the front edge of the substrate 41A (the edge in the left-right direction), and extends along the front edge of the substrate 41A in plan view of the substrate 41A. It extends from the standing portion 100A so as to overlap with the portion T3.
- the arm portion 110A of the present embodiment corresponds to the length La1 and the width corresponding to the operating wavelength of the low frequency band (for example, the wavelength at 699 MHz) from the feeding point 125A to the open end via the standing portion 100A. is formed as Therefore, as shown in FIG. 5, the arm portion 110A and the standing portion 100A of the antenna 50A function as an antenna corresponding to a low frequency band based on an inverted L antenna.
- front end T3 of the substrate 41A does not mean the exact front end of the substrate 41A, as indicated by the dashed line in FIG. do. Although the front end T3 has been described here, the same applies to the ends in other directions.
- the arm portion 111A is a portion (a part of the element) provided to resonate in the middle frequency band of the radio wave frequency band corresponding to the antenna 50A. As shown in the area surrounded by the dotted line in FIG. 4A, the arm portion 111A is erected along the rear side of the substrate 41A so as to overlap the rear end portion of the substrate 41A in a plan view of the substrate 41A. It extends from the part 100A. For the sake of convenience, the illustration of the rear end region of the substrate 41A is omitted here.
- the arm portion 111A of the present embodiment corresponds to the working wavelength of the medium frequency band (for example, the wavelength at 1710 MHz) from the feed point 125A to the ground member 40A via the standing portion 100A, the arm portion 111A, and the short-circuit portion 112A. It is formed so as to correspond to the length La2 and width. Further, a short-circuit portion 112A extends downward from the right side of the tip portion of the arm portion 111A so as to electrically short-circuit the arm portion 111A to the ground member 40A.
- the medium frequency band for example, the wavelength at 1710 MHz
- the arm portion 111A and the short-circuit portion 112A of the antenna 50A function together with the standing portion 100A as an antenna corresponding to the intermediate frequency band based on a bent monopole antenna.
- the forward direction corresponds to "one direction”
- the substrate 41A corresponds to "first substrate”.
- the standing portion 100A corresponds to a "first standing portion”
- the arm portion 110A corresponds to a “first arm portion”
- the antenna 50A corresponds to a "first antenna element”.
- the antenna 52A is, for example, an antenna that supports radio waves in a frequency band used for V2X (Vehicle to Everything: vehicle-to-vehicle communication, road-to-vehicle communication).
- Antenna 52A includes elements 130A and 131A.
- the antenna 52A corresponds to a "first vehicle communication antenna".
- the antenna 52A is arranged on the substrate 41A at a position away from the position of the antenna 51A.
- the element 130A is a rod-shaped conductor that operates as a vertically polarized monopole antenna used for V2X communication. Element 130A is electrically connected and powered to substrate 41A at its lower end.
- the element 131A is a parasitic element installed near the element 130A.
- the element 131A is a conductive plate-like member provided to stand upward from the substrate 41A, and has a self-similar shape bent so as to expand rearward.
- the bent portion and the element 130A are arranged side by side in the front-rear direction.
- the element 131A operates as a so-called reflector, and has a function of reflecting the radio wave emitted from the element 130A in front of the vehicle C and improving the gain of the antenna 52A in front of the vehicle C.
- the antenna 52A includes the elements 130A and 131A, it may include only the element 130A, for example.
- the antenna 53A is, for example, an antenna compatible with radio waves in the frequency band used for Wi-Fi and Bluetooth. Note that Wi-Fi and Bluetooth are registered trademarks.
- the GNSS frequency band is, for example, L1 band (center frequency: 1575.42 MHz), L2 band (center frequency: 1227.60 MHz), or L5 band (center frequency: 1176.45 MHz).
- the antenna 54A corresponds to a "satellite communication antenna" for communicating with satellites.
- the antenna 54A comprises a circuit board 150, a dielectric 151, and a radiating element 152.
- the circuit board 150 is a dielectric plate made of, for example, glass epoxy resin, and has a ground pattern (not shown) formed on its upper surface and a circuit pattern (not shown) formed on its lower surface. Further, the circuit board 150 is fixed with conductive screws to a pedestal 160 formed by bending a portion of the ground member 40A. As a result, the ground pattern of the circuit board 150 and the ground member 40A are electrically connected.
- the circuit board 150 is connected to the connector 60A with a coaxial cable (not shown).
- the circuit board 150 is connected to the board 41A with a coaxial cable or the like (not shown), and transmits a signal received by the antenna 54A to the connector 60A via a circuit pattern (not shown) formed on the board 41A.
- the dielectric 151 is made of a dielectric material such as ceramic.
- the radiation element 152 corresponds to radio waves in the L1 band, the L2 band and the L5 band.
- patch antennas of laminated type, patch antennas resonating with radio waves of multiple frequency bands, patch antennas formed of sheet metal without using dielectric material, and patch antennas combining these It can be.
- the antenna device 30B is a composite antenna device accommodating a plurality of antennas, and includes a ground member 40B, a substrate 41B, antennas 50B to 53B, a connector 60B, and a cover 61B. consists of
- ground member 40A, substrate 41A, antennas 50A-53A, connector 60A, and cover 61A are similar to ground member 40B, substrate 41B, antennas 50B-53B, connector 60B, and cover 61B.
- the standing portion 100B and the arm portions 110B and 111B of the antenna 50B are the same as the standing portion 100A and the arm portions 110A and 111A of the antenna 50A. Therefore, detailed description of each configuration of the antenna device 30B is omitted.
- the edge T4 of the substrate 41B also means a certain area including the edge, like the edge T3 of the substrate 41A.
- substrate 41B is illustrated.
- the rear corresponds to "another direction”
- the substrate 41B corresponds to a "second substrate”.
- the standing portion 100B corresponds to a "second standing portion”
- the arm portion 110B corresponds to a “second arm”
- the antenna 50B corresponds to a "second antenna element”.
- the antenna 52B corresponds to a "second vehicle communication antenna”.
- FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram for explaining the position of the arm portion 110A with respect to the ground member 200.
- FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram for explaining the parasitic capacitance that occurs in the arm portion 110A.
- the ground member 200 is a substantially quadrilateral metal member used for convenience in explaining parasitic capacitance (described later) occurring in the arm portion 110A.
- FIG. 7(a) is a diagram showing the relationship between the cross section taken along line CC in FIG. 6(a) and the parasitic capacitance.
- FIG. 7(b) is a diagram showing the relationship between the cross section of line DD in FIG. 6(b) and the parasitic capacitance.
- the arm portion 110A is arranged such that the front side of the ground member 200 and the front side of the arm portion 110A in the horizontal direction overlap in plan view.
- disposing the arm portion 110A at the end portion T10 of the ground member 200 can reduce the parasitic capacitance generated in the arm portion 110A.
- the characteristics of the arm 110A with respect to low-frequency radio waves for example, VSWR: Voltage Standing Wave Ratio
- the "end portion T10 of the ground member 200" means a certain area including the end of the ground member 200 (see, for example, the chain double-dashed line in FIG. 6(b)).
- the “constant region” is, for example, a region in which the influence of parasitic capacitance can be reduced so that the antenna 50A including the arm portion 110A can obtain desired frequency band characteristics.
- FIG. 6 has been described as an example, but the same applies to the "certain areas" of the ends T1 and T2 in the antenna device 10 shown in FIG.
- FIG. 8 is a plan view showing the positions of the antennas 50A and 50B in the antenna device 10 of this embodiment.
- the substrate 41A (antenna device 30A) is arranged on the ground member 20 such that the front side of the substrate 41A and the front side of the ground member 20 overlap in plan view.
- the front edge of the substrate 41A and the front edge of the ground member 20 do not overlap, and the front edge T3 of the substrate 41 overlaps the front edge T1 of the ground member 20.
- 30A is arranged.
- the arm portion 110A extends rightward from the standing portion 100A along the front side of the substrate 41A, that is, the front side of the ground member 20. As shown in FIG. As a result, the parasitic capacitance of the arm portion 110A can be reduced even if the arm portion 110A is long in the left-right direction.
- the substrate 41B (antenna device 30B) is arranged on the ground member 20 such that the rear side of the substrate 41B and the rear side of the ground member 20 overlap in plan view, similarly to the substrate 41A.
- the arm portion 110B is arranged so as to overlap the rear end portion T2 of the ground member 20, so that the parasitic capacitance of the arm portion 110B can be reduced.
- the antennas 50A and 50B can be made low-profile, and the frequency characteristics (in particular, the characteristics for radio waves in the low frequency band) can be improved.
- the antenna device 30A including the antennas 50A to 54A and the antenna device 30B including the antennas 50B to 53B are arranged with a metal reinforcing member R1 interposed therebetween.
- FIG. 9A shows, for example, isolation between antennas 50A and 50B corresponding to Sub 6 radio waves in LTE and 4G.
- an isolation characteristic of approximately -30 dB or more can be obtained in the frequency bands corresponding to the antennas 50A and 50B.
- FIG. 9(b) shows, for example, isolation between antennas 51A and 51B corresponding to Sub 6 radio waves in LTE and 5G.
- an isolation characteristic of approximately -40 dB or more can be obtained in the frequency bands corresponding to the antennas 51A and 51B.
- FIG. 9(c) shows, for example, isolation between antennas 52A and 52B corresponding to V2X radio waves.
- isolation characteristics of approximately -50 dB or more can be obtained in the frequency bands corresponding to the antennas 52A and 52B.
- each of the antenna devices 30A and 30B is provided with a plurality of antennas (for example, antennas 50A and 50B) that conform to the same communication standard and have good isolation characteristics. Therefore, even when multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communication is performed using a plurality of antennas (for example, antennas 50A and 50B) compatible with the same communication standard, communication quality can be improved.
- MIMO multiple-input multiple-output
- FIG. 10 shows the horizontal directivity of the antenna 52A
- FIG. 11 shows the horizontal directivity of the antenna 52B.
- an azimuth angle of 0° corresponds to the forward direction
- an azimuth angle of 90° corresponds to the right direction.
- the front antenna 52A has a front gain larger than the rear gain as shown in FIG. 10, and the rear antenna 52B has a rear gain larger than the front gain as shown in FIG.
- the isolation characteristics of the antennas 50A to 54A and the antennas 50B to 54B are improved, and the antenna arranged in front of the reinforcing member R1
- the antenna 52A is specialized for improving the directivity to the front
- the antenna 53B arranged at the rear is specialized for improving the directivity to the rear.
- the antenna device 10 is attached to the reinforcing member R1 of the vehicle C via the ground member 20, for example, as shown in FIG. 12, the antenna device 300 may be attached via the ground member 210. .
- the ground member 210 like the ground member 20, is a substantially quadrilateral metal plate-like member, and is attached to the lower side of the reinforcing member R1 with conductive screws (not shown).
- the antenna device 300 is a compound antenna device including a plurality of antennas, and is installed at the rear end T20 of the ground member 210 (see FIG. 12).
- the antenna device 300 includes a ground member 301 , a substrate 302 , a cover 303 , antennas 310 to 315 and a parasitic element 320 .
- the ground member 301 is a metal member that functions as a ground for the antenna device 300, and is connected to the ground member 210 with a conductive screw (not shown).
- the substrate 302 is a member on which the antennas 310 to 315 and the like are installed, and is provided above the ground member 301 .
- the antenna device 300 includes the ground member 301 in this embodiment, the present invention is not limited to this, and the substrate 302 may be directly arranged on the ground member 210 .
- the cover 303 forms, together with the ground member 301, an accommodation space in which a plurality of antennas are accommodated.
- Antenna 310 is a telematics antenna compatible with, for example, LTE and 4G Sub6 band radio waves.
- a parasitic element 320 is arranged behind the antenna 310 .
- the parasitic element 320 is an element for adjusting the impedance of the antenna 310 and especially improving the characteristics in the low frequency band.
- Antenna 31 is a telematics antenna that supports, for example, 5G Sub-6 band radio waves.
- the antenna 312 is, for example, an antenna that supports radio waves in the frequency band used for Wi-Fi and Bluetooth.
- Antenna 313 is, for example, an antenna that supports radio waves in the frequency band used for V2X.
- Antenna 313 is an antenna whose front gain is higher than its rear gain, and includes elements 400-402.
- the element 400 is a rod-shaped conductor that operates as a vertically polarized monopole antenna used for V2X communication.
- the element 401 is a parasitic element installed behind the element 400
- the element 402 is a parasitic element installed in front of the element 400
- Element 401 is an antenna acting as a so-called reflector and element 402 acting as a so-called director. Since these elements 401 and 402 are provided, the gain of the antenna 313 in front of the vehicle C is improved.
- Antenna 314 is an antenna whose rear gain is higher than its front gain. Note that the antenna 314 may also include a parasitic element, like the antenna 313 .
- Antenna 315 is, for example, a patch antenna for a satellite positioning system that receives circularly polarized signals by a two-point feeding method.
- the antenna device 300 is larger in size in the front-rear and left-right directions than the antenna device 10 . Therefore, in the antenna device 300, many antennas can be arranged without degrading the isolation between the antennas.
- a parasitic element 320 that adjusts the impedance of the antenna 310 is arranged near the antenna 310 . Therefore, the characteristics of the low frequency band of the antenna 310 can be improved.
- the antenna device 10 of this embodiment has been described above.
- the antenna device 30A is attached to the ground member 20 extending forward from the reinforcing member R1.
- An arm portion 110A of an antenna 50A included in the antenna device 30A is provided so as to overlap the front end portion 1 of the ground member 20 in plan view (see, for example, FIGS. 4A and 8). Therefore, in this embodiment, the parasitic capacitance of the antenna 50A can be reduced, so that the characteristics of the antenna 50A especially in the low frequency band can be improved.
- the substrate 41A of the antenna device 30A is arranged at the front end portion T1 of the ground member 20.
- the arm portion 110A extends rightward from the standing portion 100A along the front side of the substrate 41A. Therefore, in the antenna 50A, the parasitic capacitance can be reduced while increasing the distance from the feeding point 125A to the right tip of the arm portion 110A.
- the antenna device 30B of this embodiment is arranged on the ground member 20 extending rearward from the reinforcing member R1.
- An arm portion 110B of an antenna 50B included in the antenna device 30B is provided so as to overlap the rear end portion T2 of the ground member 20 (see, for example, FIGS. 4B and 8). Therefore, in this embodiment, the parasitic capacitance of the antenna 50B can be reduced, so that the characteristics of the antenna 50B especially in the low frequency band can be improved.
- the antenna device 30B is arranged on the opposite side (rear) of the antenna device 30A provided in front of the ground member 20 with the metal reinforcing member R1 interposed therebetween. Therefore, in this embodiment, it is possible to improve isolation characteristics between the antennas included in the antenna devices 30A and 30B (for example, between the antennas 50A and 50B).
- the substrate 41B of the antenna device 30B is arranged at the rear end portion T2 of the ground member 20.
- the arm portion 110B extends leftward from the standing portion 100B along the rear side of the substrate 41B. Therefore, in the antenna 50B, the parasitic capacitance can be reduced while increasing the distance from the feeding point (not shown) to the left tip of the arm portion 110B.
- the antenna devices 30A and 30B are provided with antennas 52A and 52B for V2X, respectively.
- the antennas 52A and 52B are provided with a metal reinforcing member R1 interposed therebetween. Therefore, in this embodiment, the isolation characteristics between the antennas 52A and 52B can be improved (see, for example, FIG. 9(c)).
- the antenna device 30A is provided with an antenna 54A for satellite communication. Therefore, the antenna device 10 becomes a composite antenna device including various types of antennas.
- the antenna device 10 (antenna device 30A) is arranged on the ground member 20 attached to the reinforcing member R1.
- the antenna device 30A includes the ground member 40A, it is not limited to this.
- the antenna device 30A may not include the ground member 40A, and the substrate 41A may be directly attached to the ground member 20. FIG. Even with such a configuration, the same effects as in the present embodiment can be obtained. ⁇ Others>>
- a first substrate mounted on a reinforcing member of a vehicle and arranged on the ground member extending from the reinforcing member in one of the longitudinal directions of the vehicle; and a first antenna provided on the first substrate.
- a second substrate arranged on the ground member extending from the reinforcing member in a direction different from the one direction out of the front and rear directions; and a second antenna provided on the second substrate. It is an antenna device provided.
- the antenna devices 30A and 30B are arranged with the metal reinforcing member R1 interposed therebetween. Therefore, it is possible to improve the isolation between antennas corresponding to the same frequency included in each of the antenna devices 30A and 30B.
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Abstract
Description
まず、図1及び図2を参照しつつ、本実施形態におけるアンテナ装置10の車両Cへの取り付け位置を説明する。図1は、車両Cの側面と、車両Cの一部断面とを示す図である。図2は、車両CのフレームFとアンテナ装置10との位置関係を示す図である。なお、図1の一部断面は、図2の車両CのA―A線の断面のうち、車室天井部分を拡大した図である。
アンテナ装置10は、例えば図2及び図3に示すように、グランド部材20、アンテナ装置30A、及びアンテナ装置30Bを含む。なお、図3は、アンテナ装置10の分解斜視図である。
グランド部材20は、アンテナ装置10のグランドとして機能する略四辺形の板状の金属部材であり、金属製の補強部材R1の下側に、導電性のネジ(不図示)等で固定される。このため、グランド部材20は、補強部材R1に対して、物理的、かつ電気的に接続される。
アンテナ装置30Aは、図3及び図4(a)に示すように、複数のアンテナを収容する複合アンテナ装置であり、グランド部材40A、基板41A、アンテナ50A~54A、コネクタ60A、及びカバー61Aを含んで構成される。
アンテナ50Aは、移動通信用の広帯域アンテナ(テレマティクスアンテナ)であり、例えば、GSM、UMTS、LTE、5G(第5世代移動通信システム)におけるSub6用の699MHz~5000MHz(5GHz)帯の電波に対応している。
アンテナ51Aは、移動通信用の広帯域アンテナ(テレマティクスアンテナ)であり、例えば、LTE、5G(第5世代移動通信システムの規格)におけるSub6用の3.3GHz帯から5GHz未満の周数帯の電波に対応している。なお、アンテナ51Aは、上述した通信規格に限らず、テレマティクス用の他の周波数帯の電波に対応しても良い。
アンテナ52Aは、例えば、V2X(Vehicle to Everything:車車間通信、路車間通信)に使用される周波数帯の電波に対応するアンテナである。アンテナ52Aは、エレメント130A,131Aを含んで構成される。なお、アンテナ52Aは、「第1車両通信用アンテナ」に相当する。なお、アンテナ52Aは、基板41A上においてアンテナ51Aの位置から離れた位置に配置されている。
アンテナ53Aは、例えば、Wi-Fi、及びBluetoothに使用される周波数帯の電波に対応するアンテナである。なお、Wi-Fi及びBluetoothは登録商標である。
アンテナ54Aは、GNSS(Global Navigation Satellite System)に使用され、GNSSの周波数帯域に対応するパッチアンテナである。GNSSの周波数帯域とは、例えば、L1帯(中心周波数:1575.42MHz)、L2帯(中心周波数:1227.60MHz)、または、L5帯(中心周波数:1176.45MHz)である。なお、アンテナ54Aは、衛星との通信を行う「衛星通信用アンテナ」に相当する。
アンテナ装置30Bは、図3及び図4(b)に示すように、複数のアンテナを収容する複合アンテナ装置であり、グランド部材40B、基板41B、アンテナ50B~53B、コネクタ60B、及びカバー61Bを含んで構成される。
つぎに、アンテナ装置10に含まれる一部のアンテナの電気特性や、アンテナ間のアイソレーションについて説明する。
図6は、グランド部材200に対する腕部110Aの位置を説明するための模式図である。図7は、腕部110Aに生じる寄生容量を説明するための模式図である。ここで、グランド部材200は、腕部110Aに生じる寄生容量(後述)を説明するために便宜上用いる略四辺形の金属部材である。
本実施形態では、アンテナ50A~54Aを備えるアンテナ装置30Aと、アンテナ50B~53Bを備えるアンテナ装置30Bとは、金属製の補強部材R1を挟んで配置されている。
図10は、アンテナ52Aの水平面の指向性を示す図であり、図11は、アンテナ52Bの水平面の指向性を示す図である。図10及び図11において、方位角0°は、前方向に相当し、方位角90°は、右方向に相当する。
車両Cの補強部材R1には、グランド部材20を介してアンテナ装置10が取り付けられることとしたが、例えば、図12に示すように、グランド部材210を介してアンテナ装置300が取り付けられても良い。
以上、本実施形態のアンテナ装置10について説明した。アンテナ装置30Aは、補強部材R1から、前方に延出するグランド部材20に取り付けられている。そして、アンテナ装置30Aに含まれるアンテナ50Aの腕部110Aは、平面視においてグランド部材20の前方の端部1に重なるよう設けられている(例えば、図4(a)、図8参照)。したがって、本実施形態では、アンテナ50Aの寄生容量を小さくできるため、特にアンテナ50Aの低周波帯域の特性を向上することができる。
<<その他>>
20,40A,40B,200,210,301 グランド部材
41A,41B,302 基板
50A~54A,50B~53B,310~315 アンテナ
60A,60B コネクタ
61A,61B,303 カバー
100A,100B 立設部
110A,110B 腕部
120A,120B 短絡部
125A 給電点
130A,130B,131A,131B,400~402 エレメント
320 無給電素子
C 車両
F フレーム
P ルーフパネル
R1 補強部材
R2,R3 ルーフサイドレール
S 空間
T1~T4,T10,T20 端部
U 車室天井面
Claims (7)
- 車両の補強部材に取り付けられるグランド部材の前記車両の前後方向のうちの一の方向の端部に配置される第1基板と、
前記第1基板に対して立ち上がるように形成される第1立設部と、前記第1立設部から延出するとともに、平面視において前記グランド部材の前記端部と重なる第1腕部と、を有する、前記第1基板に設けられた第1アンテナエレメントと、
を備えるアンテナ装置。 - 請求項1に記載のアンテナ装置であって、
前記第1腕部は、前記第1立設部から前記車両の幅方向における前記第1基板の辺に沿って延出する、
アンテナ装置。 - 請求項1または請求項2に記載のアンテナ装置であって、
前記グランド部材の前記車両の前後方向のうち前記一の方向とは異なる他の方向の端部に配置される第2基板と、
前記第2基板に対して立ち上がるように形成される第2立設部と、前記第2立設部から延出するとともに、平面視において前記グランド部材の前記他の方向の端部と重なる第2腕部と、を有し、前記第2基板に設けられた第2アンテナエレメントと、
を備えるアンテナ装置。 - 請求項3に記載のアンテナ装置であって、
前記第2腕部は、前記第2立設部から前記車両の幅方向における前記第2基板の辺に沿って延出する、
アンテナ装置。 - 請求項3または請求項4に記載のアンテナ装置であって、
前記第1基板には、前記一の方向の利得が前記他の方向の利得より大きく、前記車両とは異なる車両と通信するための第1車両通信用アンテナが設けられ、
前記第2基板には、前記他の方向の利得が前記一の方向の利得より大きく、前記車両とは異なる車両と通信するための第2車両通信用アンテナが設けられる、
アンテナ装置。 - 請求項1~5の何れか一項に記載のアンテナ装置であって、
衛星との通信を行う衛星通信用アンテナが設けられる、
アンテナ装置。 - 車両の補強部材に取り付けられ、前記補強部材から前記車両の前後方向のうち一の方向に延出するグランド部材と、
前記グランド部材の前記一の方向の端部に配置される第1基板と、
前記第1基板に対して立ち上がるように形成される第1立設部と、前記第1立設部から延出するとともに、前記第1基板の平面視において前記第1基板の前記一の方向の端部と重なる第1腕部と、を有し、前記第1基板に設けられた第1アンテナエレメントと、
を備えるアンテナ装置。
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JP2010081500A (ja) * | 2008-09-29 | 2010-04-08 | Nippon Antenna Co Ltd | 統合アンテナ |
JP2011078020A (ja) * | 2009-10-01 | 2011-04-14 | Kojima Press Industry Co Ltd | 車両用アンテナ |
JP2016208291A (ja) | 2015-04-23 | 2016-12-08 | ミツミ電機株式会社 | アンテナ装置 |
JP2017011565A (ja) * | 2015-06-24 | 2017-01-12 | マツダ株式会社 | 車両のアンテナ装置 |
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JPH0659009B2 (ja) * | 1988-03-10 | 1994-08-03 | 株式会社豊田中央研究所 | 移動体用アンテナ |
JP3250479B2 (ja) * | 1997-02-24 | 2002-01-28 | 株式会社村田製作所 | アンテナ装置 |
JP2003258527A (ja) * | 2002-02-27 | 2003-09-12 | Toyota Central Res & Dev Lab Inc | アンテナ |
JP5422717B1 (ja) * | 2012-09-28 | 2014-02-19 | 原田工業株式会社 | 低背型アンテナ装置 |
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JP2010081500A (ja) * | 2008-09-29 | 2010-04-08 | Nippon Antenna Co Ltd | 統合アンテナ |
JP2011078020A (ja) * | 2009-10-01 | 2011-04-14 | Kojima Press Industry Co Ltd | 車両用アンテナ |
JP2016208291A (ja) | 2015-04-23 | 2016-12-08 | ミツミ電機株式会社 | アンテナ装置 |
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