WO2022199107A1 - Complexe d'anticorps, son procédé de préparation et son kit de détection - Google Patents

Complexe d'anticorps, son procédé de préparation et son kit de détection Download PDF

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WO2022199107A1
WO2022199107A1 PCT/CN2021/134784 CN2021134784W WO2022199107A1 WO 2022199107 A1 WO2022199107 A1 WO 2022199107A1 CN 2021134784 W CN2021134784 W CN 2021134784W WO 2022199107 A1 WO2022199107 A1 WO 2022199107A1
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antibody
antibody complex
labeled
cross
linking agent
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PCT/CN2021/134784
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Chinese (zh)
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刘陶旭
钱纯亘
林标杨
祝亮
程方明
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深圳市亚辉龙生物科技股份有限公司
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
    • G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
    • G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
    • G01N33/53—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor
    • G01N33/531—Production of immunochemical test materials
    • G01N33/532—Production of labelled immunochemicals
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/75—Systems in which material is subjected to a chemical reaction, the progress or the result of the reaction being investigated
    • G01N21/76—Chemiluminescence; Bioluminescence
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
    • G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
    • G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
    • G01N33/53—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor
    • G01N33/5306—Improving reaction conditions, e.g. reduction of non-specific binding, promotion of specific binding
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
    • G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
    • G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
    • G01N33/53—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor
    • G01N33/577—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor involving monoclonal antibodies binding reaction mechanisms characterised by the use of monoclonal antibodies; monoclonal antibodies per se are classified with their corresponding antigens

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the technical field of immunodetection, in particular to an antibody complex, a preparation method thereof, and a detection kit.
  • Chemiluminescence immunoassay is a combination of highly sensitive chemiluminescence assay technology and highly specific immune response for various antigens, haptens, antibodies, hormones, enzymes, fatty acids, vitamins and drugs It is the latest immunoassay technology developed after radioimmunoassay, enzyme-linked immunoassay, fluorescence immunoassay and time-resolved fluorescence immunoassay.
  • Chemiluminescence immunoassay consists of two parts: chemiluminescence analysis system and immune response system.
  • the chemiluminescence analysis system uses the chemiluminescence substance to be catalyzed by a catalyst and oxidized by an oxidant to form an excited state intermediate. When this excited state intermediate returns to a stable ground state, it emits photons (hM) at the same time, using luminescence.
  • the signal measuring instrument measures the photon yield.
  • the immune response system utilizes luminescent substances directly labeled on antigens or antibodies (which can generate excited intermediates under the excitation of reactants), or enzymes that act on luminescent substrates.
  • Chemiluminescence immunoassays are classified into two types according to different labeling methods: (1) chemiluminescence labeling immunoassays; (2) chemiluminescence enzyme immunoassays using enzyme labeling and chemiluminescence substrates as signal reagents.
  • Chemiluminescence labeling immunoassay is an immunoassay method in which an antigen or antibody is directly labeled with a chemiluminescent agent.
  • chemiluminescent substances for labeling include acridinium ester (AE), and acridine esters emit light by initiating the action of luminescent reagents (NaOH, H 2 O 2 , etc.), which are fast scintillation luminescence.
  • Chemiluminescence enzyme immunoassay belongs to enzyme immunoassay.
  • the substrate of the enzymatic reaction is a luminescent agent, and the enzyme-labeled biologically active substance (such as an antigen or antibody) is used for immunoreaction, and the enzyme on the immune reaction complex acts on the luminescent substrate. It emits light under the action of a signaling reagent.
  • the commonly used labeling enzymes are horseradish peroxidase (HRP) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP), which have their own luminescent substrates.
  • an antibody complex comprising a plurality of label-labeled antibodies linked by a cross-linking agent.
  • the above-mentioned antibody complex is a complex formed by polymerizing a plurality of antibodies, and each antibody is labeled with a label.
  • each antibody is labeled with a label.
  • one antigen can correspond to multiple labels and the luminescence signal is amplified. Therefore, when the antibody complex is used in chemiluminescence immunoassay, the signal-to-noise ratio can be increased and the sensitivity can be improved.
  • a method of preparing an antibody complex comprising:
  • the multimer is formed by cross-linking at least two antibodies through the cross-linking agent;
  • the multimer of interest is labeled with a label to prepare an antibody complex.
  • a detection kit comprising the above-described antibody complex.
  • Fig. 1 is the preparation flow chart of the antibody complex of embodiment 1;
  • FIG. 2 is a purification separation map of the mixture containing multiple polymers of Example 1.
  • an “antibody” is a class of immunoglobulins that bind specifically to an antigen.
  • antibodies exist as one or more Y-shaped monomers, each Y-shaped monomer is composed of 4 polypeptide chains, including two identical heavy chains and two identical light chains, the light and heavy chains are based on named after their molecular weight.
  • the top of the Y-shaped structure is the variable region, which is the antigen-binding site.
  • Each heavy chain has two regions, the constant region and the variable region.
  • the constant region of all antibodies of the same type is the same, but there are differences between antibodies of different types.
  • Each light chain also has two consecutive domains, a constant region and a variable region.
  • One embodiment provides an antibody complex, the antibody complex includes a plurality of labeled antibodies, and the plurality of labeled antibodies are linked by a cross-linking agent.
  • the antibody complex is a complex formed by cross-linking and polymerizing multiple antibodies through a cross-linking agent, and each antibody is labeled with a marker.
  • one antigen corresponds to multiple markers and the luminescent signal is amplified. Therefore, when the antibody complex is applied to chemiluminescence immunoassay, the signal-to-noise ratio can be increased and the sensitivity can be improved.
  • the label in the label-labeled antibody is selected from acridine ester, ruthenium terpyridine, adamantane, luminol, derivatives of luminol, isoluminol, derivatives of isoluminol , one of horseradish peroxidase and alkaline phosphatase.
  • the label in the label-labeled antibody is not limited to the above, and can also be other substances that can be used in a chemiluminescence immunoassay platform.
  • the antibody in the labeled antibody is CHI3L1 antibody, procalcitonin antibody (PCT antibody) or cardiac troponin I antibody (cTn-I antibody).
  • PCT antibody procalcitonin antibody
  • cTn-I antibody cardiac troponin I antibody
  • the antibody in the labeled antibody is not limited to the above, and can also be other substances that can be used in the chemiluminescence immunoassay platform.
  • the antibody is a monoclonal antibody.
  • the antibody may also be a polyclonal antibody.
  • the antibody may also be an antibody fragment in which the variable region of the light chain and the variable region of the heavy chain are linked via their sulfhydryl groups to form a disulfide bond.
  • the light chain variable region and the heavy chain variable region form an FV region with all antigen-binding sites through non-covalent bonding, and have antigen-binding ability, such as antigen-binding fragments (antigen-binding fragments, Fab fragments) or Fab' fragment.
  • the cross-linking agent is a dihydrazide compound.
  • the two antibodies are linked by the reaction between the two amino groups of the dihydrazide compound and the carboxyl group of the antibody.
  • the crosslinking agent is selected from at least one of maleic acid dihydrazide, oxalic acid dihydrazide and adipic acid dihydrazide.
  • the antibody complex described above includes four labeled antibodies. It can be understood that, in other embodiments, the number of labeled antibodies in the antibody complex is not limited to 4, and can also be any other integer greater than 1. In some embodiments, the number of labeled antibodies in the above antibody complex is 2-6.
  • the above-mentioned complex comprises four acridinium ester-labeled CHI3L1 antibodies, and the four acridinium ester-labeled CHI3L1 antibodies are linked by adipic acid dihydrazide.
  • one embodiment also provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned antibody complex, the method comprising the following steps:
  • Step 1 The antibody is activated with an activator and reacted with a cross-linking agent to prepare a mixture containing multiple polymers.
  • the activating agent is used to activate the carboxyl group of the antibody, and the cross-linking agent has at least two amino groups.
  • the carboxyl group of the antibody is activated and reacted with the amino group of the cross-linking agent, so that a plurality of antibodies are linked through the cross-linking agent to form a polymer.
  • Multimers are formed by cross-linking at least two antibodies with a cross-linking agent.
  • the activating agent used to activate the antibody includes carbodiimide.
  • the activator used to activate the antibody is selected from dicyclohexylcarbodiimide, 1-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-3-ethylcarbodiimide (EDC) and N,N'-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide At least one of isopropylcarbodiimide.
  • the activator for activating the antibody further comprises at least one of N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS) and N-hydroxysulfosuccinimide (Sulfo-NHS).
  • NHS N-hydroxysuccinimide
  • Sulfo-NHS N-hydroxysulfosuccinimide
  • N-hydroxysuccinimide and/or N-hydroxysulfosuccinimide the structure of the antibody after carbodiimide activation is more stable, which is more favorable for its reaction with the cross-linking agent.
  • the activator for activating the antibody includes carbodiimide and N-hydroxysuccinimide, wherein the molar ratio of carbodiimide and N-hydroxysuccinimide is 10:(1-200).
  • the molar ratio of carbodiimide and N-hydroxysuccinimide is 3: (1-30).
  • the activators used to activate the antibody are 1-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-3-ethylcarbodiimide and N-hydroxysuccinimide.
  • the crosslinking agent is a dihydrazide compound. Further, the cross-linking agent is selected from at least one of oxalic acid hydrazide, maleic acid dihydrazide and adipic acid dihydrazide.
  • the antibody is a CHI3L1 monoclonal antibody.
  • the molar amount of the activator used to activate the antibody is 5 to 1000 times the molar amount of the antibody. Further, the molar amount of the activator for activating the antibody is 5 times to 1000 times the molar amount of the antibody. It should be noted that the molar amount of the antibody is based on the number of sites where the antibody can bind to the antigen. It can be understood that, in other embodiments, the antibody is not limited to the monoclonal antibody of CHI3L1, but can also be other antibodies.
  • the acidic buffer is selected from at least one of citric acid-sodium citrate buffer, acetic acid-sodium acetate buffer and 2-morpholinoethanesulfonic acid (MES) buffer.
  • MES 2-morpholinoethanesulfonic acid
  • the pH of the acidic buffer is 3 to 6.5.
  • the acidic buffer is pH 5 2-morpholinoethanesulfonic acid buffer.
  • the step of activating the antibody with an activating agent and reacting it with a cross-linking agent to prepare a mixture containing a plurality of polymers comprises: using carbodiimide and N-hydroxysuccinyl in an acidic buffer The imine-activated antibody is used to prepare the activated antibody; and the activated antibody is desalted and reacted with a cross-linking agent to prepare a mixture containing multiple polymers.
  • Step 2 Screen the mixture for the desired multimer.
  • a protein purification apparatus is used to screen and purify the target multimer.
  • a protein purifier is used, a pre-packed column that is easy to purify and separate large proteins and protein complexes is selected, and after equilibrating the pre-packed column, a high-purity target is obtained by purifying and separating a mixture containing multiple polymers. Multimers; the collected multimers of interest were then determined by SDS-PAGE electrophoresis experiments.
  • Step 3 Use a marker to label the target multimer to prepare an antibody complex.
  • the acridine ester whose carboxyl group has been activated is mixed and reacted with the target multimer obtained in step 2 to prepare an antibody complex.
  • the carboxyl group of the acridine ester reacts with the lysine residue on the antibody of the target multimer, so that the acridine ester is labeled on the antibody of the target multimer, and the antibody complex is prepared.
  • the activator used to activate the acridine ester includes 1-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-3-ethylcarbodiimide.
  • the activator for activating the acridine ester further includes at least one of N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS) and N-hydroxysulfosuccinimide (Sulfo-NHS).
  • NHS N-hydroxysuccinimide
  • Sulfo-NHS N-hydroxysulfosuccinimide
  • the O-acylisourea intermediates have poor stability and are easily hydrolyzed. Therefore, by adding at least one of N-hydroxysuccinimide and N-hydroxysulfosuccinimide, the O-acylisourea is made The stability of the urea intermediate is improved, thereby increasing the labeling efficiency of the acridinium ester.
  • the activator for activating the acridine ester is not limited to the above, and can also be other substances that can activate the carboxyl group of the acridine ester.
  • the label is not limited to acridinium ester, but can also be other substances, as long as the substance can be labeled on the antibody of the target multimer.
  • a two-step method is used to label the acridinium ester to the antibody of the target multimer. Specifically, after the activator for activating the acridine ester is mixed and reacted with the acridine ester, the excess activator is removed by liquid chromatography (HPLC) to obtain the purified activated acridine ester; then, the purified The activated acridinium ester is mixed and reacted with the target multimer, so that the acridine ester is labeled on the antibody of the target multimer, and the antibody complex is prepared.
  • a one-step method i.e. the direct mixing reaction of the acridinium ester, the activator for activating the acridine ester, and the target polymer
  • the label is labeled on the antibody of the multimer of interest by reacting the carboxyl group of the label with the lysine residue of the antibody of the multimer of interest. It can be understood that, in other embodiments, the manner of linking the label to the antibody is not limited to the above, and the label can also be labeled to the multimeric antibody by other means.
  • the antibody is formed into a multimer, and then the label is labeled to form an antibody complex.
  • an antibody complex can also be formed by first labeling the antibody and then cross-linking the labeled antibody.
  • the preparation method of the above-mentioned antibody complex is simple and easy to operate, and the antibody complex prepared according to the above-mentioned preparation method of the antibody complex comprises a plurality of labeled antibodies linked by a cross-linking agent.
  • one antigen can correspond to multiple markers, so that the luminescence signal during detection is amplified, thereby increasing the signal-to-noise ratio of detection and improving the sensitivity of detection.
  • the above-mentioned antibody complex can realize that one antigen corresponds to multiple labels during detection, which can improve the detection sensitivity. Therefore, an embodiment also provides an application of the above-mentioned antibody complex in the preparation of a detection kit.
  • an embodiment also provides a detection kit, which includes the above-mentioned antibody complex for detecting an antigen that can specifically bind to the antibody in the antibody complex.
  • the above-mentioned detection kit further includes at least one of a buffer and a solid phase carrier.
  • the buffer is selected from at least one of phosphate buffer, carbonate buffer and borate buffer.
  • the solid phase carrier is selected from one of magnetic beads and resin.
  • the above-mentioned detection kit includes the above-mentioned antibody complex, and has good sensitivity.
  • the preparation method of the antibody complex of the present embodiment includes but is not limited to the following steps:
  • EDC the final concentration of EDC in the mixed solution consisting of the antibody solution, EDC and NHS is 0.34 mmol/L
  • NHS NHS in the antibody solution, EDC and NHS
  • the final concentration in the mixed solution was 3.4 mmol/L), and after reacting for 30 minutes at 25°C, the AKTA purification equipment of GE company was used, and 5mL G25 prepacked purification column (GE company) was used, and 50mM MES (pH) was used. 5.0) Buffer was used as an equilibration buffer to remove unreacted EDC and NHS to obtain purified activated antibody.
  • step (3) Add adipic acid dihydrazide to the activated antibody purified in step (2) (the final concentration of adipic acid dihydrazide in the mixture of antibody, buffer and adipic acid dihydrazide is 0.78 mmol/L), and reacted at 25 °C for 1 h to obtain a mixture containing multiple polymers.
  • step (4) To the homotetrameric anti-CHI3L1 monoclonal antibody in step (4), add 10 ⁇ L of 10 mmol/L acridine ester dissolved in DMSO solvent, react at 25° C. for 1 h, and then use GE’s AKTA purification equipment, Select 5mL G25 pre-packed purification column (GE company), use 50mM PBS (pH 8.0) buffer as elution buffer for elution, remove acridinium ester, DMSO, NHS and acridinium ester hydrolyzate acrinic acid to obtain this product. Implemented antibody complexes.
  • the preparation method of the antibody complex in this example is roughly the same as that in Example 1. The difference is that the mixture containing multiple polymers obtained by crosslinking with a crosslinking agent in this example is not purified and separated, but only desalted to remove Unreacted crosslinker.
  • the specific preparation steps include:
  • EDC the final concentration of EDC in the mixed solution consisting of the antibody solution, EDC and NHS is 0.34 mmol/L
  • NHS NHS in the antibody solution, EDC and NHS
  • the final concentration in the mixed solution was 3.4 mmol/L), and after reacting for 30 minutes at 25°C, the AKTA purification equipment of GE company was used, and 5mL G25 prepacked purification column (GE company) was used, and 50mM MES (pH) was used. 5.0)
  • the buffer is used as the equilibration buffer to remove free NHS and reaction by-products to obtain the purified activated antibody.
  • step (3) Add adipic acid dihydrazide to the activated antibody purified in step (2) (the final concentration of adipic acid dihydrazide in the mixture of antibody, buffer and adipic acid dihydrazide is 0.78 mmol/L), and reacted at 25 °C for 1 h to obtain a mixture containing multiple polymers.
  • step (3) Pass the mixture containing multiple polymers prepared in step (3) through the AKTA equipment of GE Company, select a purification column SuperoseTM 6 Increase 10/300GL which is easy to separate protein complexes, and buffer it with 50mM PBS (pH 8.0). The solution is used as an elution buffer for purification and separation to remove unreacted small molecule cross-linking agents and by-products to obtain a mixture solution containing multiple polymers.
  • step (4) Add 10 ⁇ L of 10 mmol/L acridine ester dissolved in DMSO solvent to the mixture solution containing multiple polymers in step (4), react at 25° C. for 1 h, and then use the AKTA purification equipment of GE company to select 5mL G25 pre-packed purification column (GE company), eluted with 50mM PBS (pH 8.0) buffer as elution buffer to remove free acridinium ester, DMSO, NHS and acridinium ester hydrolyzate acridine acid, etc., The antibody complex of this example was obtained.
  • GE company 5mL G25 pre-packed purification column
  • an acridinium ester-labeled anti-CHI3L1 monoclonal antibody was prepared. Specific steps include but are not limited to:
  • the sensitivity of the acridinium ester-labeled homotetrameric monoclonal antibody is higher than that of the other examples and comparative examples, and the sensitivity of the acridinium ester-labeled homopolymeric monoclonal antibody is higher than that of a mixture composed of acridinium ester-labeled homopolymeric monoclonal antibodies.
  • the antibody complexes prepared in each Example and the acridinium ester-labeled anti-CHI3L1 monoclonal antibody prepared in Comparative Example 1 were used in the chemiluminescence immunoassay of CHI3L1 concentration in blood samples.
  • the concrete steps of each embodiment and comparative example 1 include the following steps:
  • the detection limit is carried out by the experimental method recommended in the CLSI EP17-A document;
  • Linear range detection Dilute the high-value samples close to the upper limit of the linear range by 2 times, 4 times, 6 times, 8 times and 10 times, and the low value concentration samples are based on the detection limit, 2 times, 4 times, 6 times and 6 times the detection limit. times and 8 times.
  • the samples of each concentration were tested 3 times, the average value was calculated, the average value of the results and the dilution ratio were linearly fitted by the least squares method, and the linear correlation coefficient r was calculated.
  • Example 1 Example 2 Comparative Example 1 Detection limit (ng/mL) 1.5 2 5 Repeatability (CV%) 3.2% 7.2% 8.7%

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Abstract

L'invention concerne un complexe d'anticorps, son procédé de préparation et son kit de détection. Le complexe d'anticorps comprend une pluralité d'anticorps marqués, et la pluralité d'anticorps marqués sont reliés au moyen d'un agent de réticulation.
PCT/CN2021/134784 2021-03-22 2021-12-01 Complexe d'anticorps, son procédé de préparation et son kit de détection WO2022199107A1 (fr)

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