WO2022196972A1 - 신규 화합물, 이를 포함하는 첨가제, 전해질 및 리튬 이차전지 - Google Patents
신규 화합물, 이를 포함하는 첨가제, 전해질 및 리튬 이차전지 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022196972A1 WO2022196972A1 PCT/KR2022/002844 KR2022002844W WO2022196972A1 WO 2022196972 A1 WO2022196972 A1 WO 2022196972A1 KR 2022002844 W KR2022002844 W KR 2022002844W WO 2022196972 A1 WO2022196972 A1 WO 2022196972A1
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- secondary battery
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- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 83
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 82
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 81
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- 125000001183 hydrocarbyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 27
- -1 fluorosulfonyl Chemical group 0.000 claims description 21
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- 125000001246 bromo group Chemical group Br* 0.000 claims description 15
- 125000001309 chloro group Chemical group Cl* 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
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Images
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F7/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 4 or 14 of the Periodic System
- C07F7/02—Silicon compounds
- C07F7/08—Compounds having one or more C—Si linkages
- C07F7/18—Compounds having one or more C—Si linkages as well as one or more C—O—Si linkages
- C07F7/1804—Compounds having Si-O-C linkages
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F7/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 4 or 14 of the Periodic System
- C07F7/02—Silicon compounds
- C07F7/08—Compounds having one or more C—Si linkages
- C07F7/18—Compounds having one or more C—Si linkages as well as one or more C—O—Si linkages
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
- H01M10/0564—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of organic materials only
- H01M10/0566—Liquid materials
- H01M10/0567—Liquid materials characterised by the additives
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
- H01M10/0564—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of organic materials only
- H01M10/0566—Liquid materials
- H01M10/0568—Liquid materials characterised by the solutes
Definitions
- It relates to a novel compound, an electrolyte including the same, and a lithium secondary battery.
- Lithium secondary batteries are used as driving power for portable electronic devices such as video cameras, mobile phones, and notebook computers.
- Rechargeable lithium secondary batteries have high energy density per unit weight and high-speed charging compared to conventional lead-acid batteries, nickel-cadmium batteries, nickel-hydrogen batteries, and nickel-zinc batteries.
- An organic electrolyte is generally used as an electrolyte for a lithium secondary battery.
- the organic electrolyte is prepared by dissolving a lithium salt in an organic solvent. It is preferable that the organic solvent is stable at high voltage, has high ionic conductivity and dielectric constant, and has low viscosity.
- One aspect is to provide a novel compound capable of improving resistance characteristics and low-temperature discharge capacity of a lithium secondary battery during high-temperature storage.
- Another aspect is to provide an additive for a lithium secondary battery comprising the compound.
- Another aspect is to provide an electrolyte for a lithium secondary battery comprising the compound.
- Another aspect is to provide a lithium secondary battery including the compound.
- a cyclic sulfone group and a silyl group containing an unsaturated hydrocarbon group connected thereto; is provided.
- the compound may be represented by the following formula (1).
- R 1 To R 9 are each independently hydrogen, deuterium, -F (fluoro group), -Cl (chloro group), -Br (bromo group), -I (iodo group), hydroxyl group, cyano group, nitro group, amino group, amidino group, hydrazine group, hydrazone group, carboxylic acid or salt thereof, sulfonic acid or salt thereof, phosphoric acid or salt thereof, substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 60 alkyl group, substituted or unsubstituted C 2 -C 60 alkenyl group, substituted or unsubstituted C 2 -C 60 alkynyl group, substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 60 alkoxy group, substituted or unsubstituted C 3 -C 10 cycloalkyl group, substituted or unsubstituted C 2 -C 10 heterocycloalkyl group, substituted or unsubstituted C 3
- L is O, S, carbonyl group, substituted or unsubstituted C 1-8 alkylene group, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-8 alkenylene group, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-8 alkynylene group, substituted or unsubstituted A substituted C 1-8 heteroalkylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C 2-8 heteroalkenylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C 2-8 heteroalkynylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C 3-8 cycloalkyl group, It is selected from a substituted or unsubstituted 3-10 membered heterocyclo group, a substituted or unsubstituted C 5-10 aryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted 5-10 membered heteroaryl group, or -N(Q 1 )-,
- Q 1 is as described above;
- n 1, 2 or 3;
- n 1 or 2.
- an additive for a lithium secondary battery comprising the compound.
- an electrolyte for a lithium secondary battery in which the additive includes the compound.
- a positive electrode comprising a positive electrode active material
- a negative electrode comprising an anode active material
- a lithium secondary battery in which at least one of the positive electrode, the negative electrode, and the electrolyte includes the compound.
- the compound according to one embodiment may be used as an additive for a lithium secondary battery, and in particular, when used as an additive in an electrolyte for a lithium secondary battery, it can improve resistance properties during high-temperature storage in a lithium-ion battery and improve low-temperature discharge capacity. .
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a lithium secondary battery according to an embodiment.
- FIG. 2 shows the evaluation results of AC internal resistance (AC-IR) during high-temperature storage of the coin cells according to Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Example 1.
- the novel compound according to an embodiment includes a cyclic sulfone group; and a silyl group containing an unsaturated hydrocarbon group connected thereto.
- the cyclic sulfone group can suppress the resistance increase rate during high-temperature storage of the lithium secondary battery, and the silyl group containing an unsaturated hydrocarbon group induces a large number of electrons to be released during low-temperature discharge of the lithium secondary battery, thereby improving low-temperature discharge characteristics.
- the cyclic sulfone group structure has a higher polarity compared to the linear sulfone structure, so it can secure excellent solubility without a problem of precipitation in the electrolyte, and it is effectively adsorbed on the surface of the electrode plate to improve the high temperature performance.
- the silyl group in the compound may include at least one unsaturated hydrocarbon group, and compared to the case in which there is no unsaturated hydrocarbon group, reduction polymerization of the unsaturated hydrocarbon group at the interface of the active material proceeds, so that the low-temperature lithium ion conduction by the effective protective film containing the silyl group improvement effect may be exhibited.
- the compound can simultaneously implement improvement in resistance and low-temperature discharge capacity during high-temperature storage in a lithium-ion battery.
- the compound may be represented by the following formula (1).
- R 1 To R 9 are each independently hydrogen, deuterium, -F (fluoro group), -Cl (chloro group), -Br (bromo group), -I (iodo group), hydroxyl group, cyano group, nitro group, amino group, amidino group, hydrazine group, hydrazone group, carboxylic acid or salt thereof, sulfonic acid or salt thereof, phosphoric acid or salt thereof, substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 60 alkyl group, substituted or unsubstituted C 2 -C 60 alkenyl group, substituted or unsubstituted C 2 -C 60 alkynyl group, substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 60 alkoxy group, substituted or unsubstituted C 3 -C 10 cycloalkyl group, substituted or unsubstituted C 2 -C 10 heterocycloalkyl group, substituted or unsubstituted C 3
- L is O, S, carbonyl group, substituted or unsubstituted C 1-8 alkylene group, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-8 alkenylene group, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-8 alkynylene group, substituted or unsubstituted A substituted C 1-8 heteroalkylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C 2-8 heteroalkenylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C 2-8 heteroalkynylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C 3-8 cycloalkyl group, It is selected from a substituted or unsubstituted 3-10 membered heterocyclo group, a substituted or unsubstituted C 5-10 aryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted 5-10 membered heteroaryl group, or -N(Q 1 )-,
- Q 1 is as described above;
- n 1, 2 or 3;
- n 1 or 2.
- R 1 To R 7 are each independently hydrogen, deuterium, -F (fluoro group), -Cl (chloro group), -Br (bromo group), -I (iodo group), hydroxyl group, cyano group, nitro group, amino group, amidino group, hydrazine group, hydrazone group, carboxylic acid or salt thereof, sulfonic acid or salt thereof, phosphoric acid or salt thereof, substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 10 alkyl group, substituted or unsubstituted C 2 -C 10 alkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C 2 -C 10 alkynyl group, or a substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 10 alkoxy group;
- R 8 and R 9 are each independently a substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 10 alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C 2 -C 10 alkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C 2 -C 10 alkynyl group, or a substituted or selected from unsubstituted C 1 -C 10 alkoxy groups;
- L is O, S, carbonyl group, substituted or unsubstituted C 1-4 alkylene group, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-4 alkenylene group, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-4 alkynylene group, substituted or unsubstituted A substituted C 1-4 heteroalkylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C 2-4 heteroalkenylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C 2-4 heteroalkynylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C 3-6 cycloalkyl group, selected from a substituted or unsubstituted 3-8 membered heterocyclo group, a substituted or unsubstituted C 5-8 aryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted 5-8 membered heteroaryl group, or -N(Q 1 )-;
- R 1 to R 7 are each independently hydrogen, an unsubstituted C 1 -C 8 alkyl group, an unsubstituted C 2 -C 8 alkenyl group, an unsubstituted C 2 -C 8 alkynyl group, or an unsubstituted C 1 - selected from a C 8 alkoxy group;
- R 8 and R 9 are each independently an unsubstituted C 1 -C 8 alkyl group, an unsubstituted C 2 -C 8 alkenyl group, an unsubstituted C 2 -C 8 alkynyl group, or an unsubstituted C 1 -C 8 selected from alkoxy groups;
- L is O, S, carbonyl group, unsubstituted C 1-4 alkylene group, unsubstituted C 2-4 alkenylene group, unsubstituted C 2-4 alkynylene group, unsubstituted C 1-4 heteroalkyl selected from a ene group, an unsubstituted C 2-4 heteroalkenylene group, an unsubstituted C 2-4 heteroalkynylene group, or —N(Q 1 )-;
- the compound may be represented by the following formula (2).
- R 5 to R 7 are each independently hydrogen, an unsubstituted C 1 -C 4 alkyl group, an unsubstituted C 2 -C 4 alkenyl group, an unsubstituted C 2 -C 4 alkynyl group, or an unsubstituted C 1 - selected from C 4 alkoxy groups;
- R 8 and R 9 are each independently an unsubstituted C 1 -C 4 alkyl group, an unsubstituted C 2 -C 4 alkenyl group, an unsubstituted C 2 -C 4 alkynyl group, or an unsubstituted C 1 -C 4 selected from alkoxy groups;
- L is O, S, carbonyl group, substituted or unsubstituted C 1-4 alkylene group, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-4 alkenylene group, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-4 alkynylene group, substituted or unsubstituted A substituted C 1-4 heteroalkylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C 2-4 heteroalkenylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C 2-4 heteroalkynylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C 3-6 cycloalkyl group, selected from a substituted or unsubstituted 3-8 membered heterocyclo group, a substituted or unsubstituted C 5-8 aryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted 5-8 membered heteroaryl group, or -N(Q 1 )-;
- n 1, 2 or 3.
- R 1 to R 9 of Formula 1 or Formula 2 the substituted C 1 -C 60 alkyl group, substituted C 2 -C 60 alkenyl group, substituted C 2 -C 60 alkynyl group, substituted C 1 -C 60 Alkoxy group, substituted C 3 -C 10 cycloalkyl group, substituted C 2 -C 10 heterocycloalkyl group, substituted C 3 -C 10 cycloalkenyl group, substituted C 2 -C 10 heterocycloalkenyl group, substituted C 6 -C 60 aryl group, substituted C 6 -C 60 aryloxy group, substituted C 6 -C 60 arylthio group, substituted C 2 -C 60 heteroaryl group, substituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group
- at least one of the substituents of the substituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed heterocyclic polycyclic group is deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br,
- R 8 and R 9 are each It may be independently selected from a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, an iso-propyl group, a butyl group, an iso-butyl group, a sec-butyl group, a tert-butyl group, and a -CF 3 group.
- the compound may be a compound represented by the following formula (3).
- the novel compound according to an embodiment may be used as an additive for a lithium secondary battery.
- the compound may be included as an additive in at least one of a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and an electrolyte of a lithium secondary battery.
- properties such as resistance, thermal stability, and low-temperature discharge capacity during high-temperature storage of the lithium secondary battery can be improved.
- An electrolyte for a lithium secondary battery includes a lithium salt; organic solvents; and an additive, wherein the additive includes the above-described cyclic sulfone group; and a compound having a silyl group containing an unsaturated hydrocarbon group connected thereto.
- the electrolyte for a lithium secondary battery includes the above-described compound, characteristics such as resistance, thermal stability, and low-temperature discharge capacity during high-temperature storage of the lithium secondary battery can be improved.
- the electrolyte for a lithium secondary battery has excellent resistance suppression effect at high temperature of a lithium secondary battery containing a lithium transition metal oxide having a high nickel content as a positive electrode active material, thereby providing a lithium secondary battery with improved lifespan and high temperature stability.
- a lithium secondary battery having high output and high capacity can be manufactured.
- the lithium transition metal oxide having a high nickel content has an unstable surface structure, so gas generation due to side reactions in the charging/discharging process of the battery increases, and the elution of transition metals such as nickel is further deepened. Accordingly, a lithium secondary battery using a lithium transition metal oxide having a high nickel content as a positive electrode active material may have reduced lifespan characteristics, and increased resistance at high temperature, and thus stability at high temperature needs to be improved.
- An electrolyte for a lithium secondary battery includes a cyclic sulfone group as an additive; and a compound having a silyl group containing an unsaturated hydrocarbon group connected thereto to form an SEI film and/or a protective layer having low resistance, thereby reducing internal resistance of the battery.
- a cyclic sulfone group as an additive
- a compound having a silyl group containing an unsaturated hydrocarbon group connected thereto to form an SEI film and/or a protective layer having low resistance, thereby reducing internal resistance of the battery.
- a compound having a silyl group containing an unsaturated hydrocarbon group connected thereto may be a compound represented by the following formula (1).
- R 1 To R 9 are each independently hydrogen, deuterium, -F (fluoro group), -Cl (chloro group), -Br (bromo group), -I (iodo group), hydroxyl group, cyano group, nitro group, amino group, amidino group, hydrazine group, hydrazone group, carboxylic acid or salt thereof, sulfonic acid or salt thereof, phosphoric acid or salt thereof, substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 60 alkyl group, substituted or unsubstituted C 2 -C 60 alkenyl group, substituted or unsubstituted C 2 -C 60 alkynyl group, substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 60 alkoxy group, substituted or unsubstituted C 3 -C 10 cycloalkyl group, substituted or unsubstituted C 2 -C 10 heterocycloalkyl group, substituted or unsubstituted C 3
- L is O, S, carbonyl group, substituted or unsubstituted C 1-8 alkylene group, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-8 alkenylene group, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-8 alkynylene group, substituted or unsubstituted A substituted C 1-8 heteroalkylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C 2-8 heteroalkenylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C 2-8 heteroalkynylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C 3-8 cycloalkyl group, It is selected from a substituted or unsubstituted 3-10 membered heterocyclo group, a substituted or unsubstituted C 5-10 aryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted 5-10 membered heteroaryl group, or -N(Q 1 )-,
- Q 1 is as described above;
- n 1, 2 or 3;
- n 1 or 2.
- the content of the compound may be in the range of 0.001 to 20% by weight based on the total weight of the electrolyte.
- the upper limit of the content range of the compound may be 20% by weight based on the total weight of the electrolyte, for example, 15% by weight, 10% by weight, 5% by weight, 3% by weight, or 1% by weight.
- the lower limit of the content range of the compound may be 0.001% by weight based on the total weight of the electrolyte, for example, 0.01% by weight, 0.05% by weight, 0.07% by weight, 0.1% by weight, 0.2% by weight, 0.3% by weight, 0.4% by weight. % by weight, or 0.5% by weight.
- characteristics such as storage characteristics and low-temperature discharge capacity at high temperatures of the lithium secondary battery can be effectively improved, and the like, but not limited thereto, considering combinations with other additives, positive electrode active material, negative electrode active material, etc. Therefore, it can be adjusted in the normal range.
- the lithium salt is LiPF 6 , LiBF 4 , LiSbF 6 , LiAsF 6 , LiClO 4 , LiCF 3 SO 3 , Li(CF 3 SO 2 ) 2 N, LiC 4 F 9 SO 3 , LiAlO 2 , LiAlCl 4 , LiN(C x F 2x+1 SO 2 )(C y F 2y+1 SO 2 )(2 ⁇ x ⁇ 20, 2 ⁇ y ⁇ 20), LiCl, LiI, lithium bis(fluorosulfonyl) It may include at least one selected from the group consisting of imide (lithium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide, LiFSI), lithium bis(oxalato)borate (LiBOB), LiPO 2 F 2 and compounds represented by Formulas 4 to 7 below. , but is not limited thereto, and any lithium salt that can be used in the art may be used.
- the concentration of the lithium salt in the electrolyte is 0.01 to 5.0 M, for example, 0.05 to 5.0 M, for example, 0.1 to 5.0 M, for example, 0.1 to 2.0 M.
- concentration of the lithium salt is within the above range, further improved characteristics of the lithium secondary battery may be obtained.
- the organic solvent may be one or more selected from carbonate-based solvents, ester-based solvents, ether-based solvents, and ketone-based solvents.
- EMC Ethyl methyl carbonate
- MPC methyl propyl carbonate
- EPC ethyl propyl carbonate
- DMC dimethyl carbonate
- DEC diethyl carbonate
- DPC dipropyl carbonate
- PC propylene carbonate
- EC ethylene carbonate
- FEC fluoroethylene carbonate
- VC vinylene carbonate
- VEC vinylethylene carbonate
- BC butylene carbonate
- methyl propionate, Ethyl propionate, propyl propionate, ethyl butyrate, methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, n-propyl acetate, dimethyl acetate, gamma butyrolactone, decanolide, gamma valerolactone, mevalonolactone ), caprolactone, etc. may be used, and as an ether-based solvent, dibutyl ether, tetraglyme, diglyme, dimethoxyethane, 2-methyltetrahydrofuran, tetrahydrofuran, etc.
- the organic solvent may include a mixed solvent of 50 to 95 vol% of the chain carbonate and 5 to 50 vol% of the cyclic carbonate, for example, a mixed solvent of 70 to 95 vol% of the chain carbonate and 5 to 30 vol% of the cyclic carbonate.
- the organic solvent may be a mixed solvent of three or more organic solvents.
- the organic solvent is ethyl methyl carbonate (EMC), methyl propyl carbonate (MPC), ethyl propyl carbonate (EPC), dimethyl carbonate (DMC), diethyl carbonate (DEC), dipropyl carbonate (DPC) , propylene carbonate (PC), ethylene carbonate (EC), fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC), vinylene carbonate (VC), vinyl ethylene carbonate (VEC), butylene carbonate, ethyl propionate, propyl propionate, ethyl butyrate, dimethylsulfoxide, dimethylformamide, dimethylacetamide, gamma-valerolactone, gamma-butyrolactone, and tetrahydrofuran may include at least one selected from the group consisting of, but not limited to, the Anything that can be used as an organic solvent in the technical field may be used.
- the electrolyte may be in a liquid or gel state.
- the electrolyte may be prepared by adding a lithium salt and the above-mentioned additives to an organic solvent.
- a lithium secondary battery includes a positive electrode including a positive electrode active material; a negative electrode comprising an anode active material; and an electrolyte disposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, wherein at least one of the positive electrode, the negative electrode, and the electrolyte includes the above-described cyclic sulfone group; and a compound having a silyl group containing an unsaturated hydrocarbon group connected thereto.
- at least the electrolyte of the lithium secondary battery may include the compound.
- the lithium secondary battery may improve characteristics such as resistance, thermal stability, and low-temperature discharge capacity during high-temperature storage of the lithium secondary battery.
- the positive electrode active material includes a lithium transition metal oxide including nickel and other transition metals.
- the content of nickel is 60 mol% or more, for example 75 mol% or more, for example 80 mol% or more, for example 85 mol% or more, based on the total number of moles of the transition metal. For example, it may be 90 mol% or more.
- the lithium transition metal oxide may be a compound represented by the following formula (8):
- M is manganese (Mn), Vanadium (V), magnesium (Mg), gallium (Ga), silicon (Si), tungsten (W), molybdenum (Mo), iron (Fe), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), At least one selected from the group consisting of titanium (Ti), aluminum (Al) and boron (B), A is F, S, Cl, Br, or a combination thereof.
- the lithium transition metal oxide may be at least one of the compounds represented by the following Chemical Formulas 9 and 10:
- 0.6 ⁇ x ⁇ 0.95, 0 ⁇ y ⁇ 0.2, and 0 ⁇ z ⁇ 0.1 For example, 0.7 ⁇ x ⁇ 0.95, 0 ⁇ y ⁇ 0.3, 0 ⁇ z ⁇ 0.3.
- lithium transition metal oxide is LiNi 0.6 Co 0.2 Mn 0.2 O 2 , LiNi 0.88 Co 0.08 Mn 0.04 O 2 , LiNi 0.8 Co 0.15 Mn 0.05 O 2 , LiNi 0.8 Co 0.1 Mn 0.1 O 2 , LiNi 0.88 Co 0.1 Mn 0.02 O 2 , LiNi 0.8 Co 0.15 Al 0.05 O 2 , LiNi 0.8 Co 0.1 Mn 0.2 O 2 or LiNi 0.88 Co 0.1 Al 0.02 O 2 .
- the positive active material is Li-Ni-Co-Al (NCA), Li-Ni-Co-Mn (NCM), lithium cobalt oxide (LiCoO 2 ), lithium manganese oxide (LiMnO 2 ), lithium and at least one active material selected from the group consisting of nickel oxide (LiNiO 2 ) and lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO 4 ).
- the negative active material may include at least one selected from a silicon-based compound, a carbon-based material, a composite of a silicon-based compound and a carbon-based compound, and silicon oxide (SiO x , 0 ⁇ x ⁇ 2).
- the silicon-based compound may be silicon particles, silicon alloy particles, or the like.
- the size of the silicon-based compound is less than 200 nm, for example, 10 to 150 nm.
- size may indicate an average particle diameter when the silicon-based compound is spherical, and an average major axis length when the silicon particles are non-spherical.
- the lifespan characteristics are excellent, and when the electrolyte according to an embodiment is used, the lifespan of the lithium secondary battery is further improved.
- the carbon-based material may be crystalline carbon, amorphous carbon, or a mixture thereof.
- the crystalline carbon may be amorphous, plate-like, flake-like, spherical or fibrous graphite such as natural graphite or artificial graphite, and the amorphous carbon is soft carbon (low-temperature calcined carbon) or hard carbon (hard carbon). carbon), mesophase pitch carbide, calcined coke, and the like.
- the composite of the silicon-based compound and the carbon-based compound includes a composite having a structure in which silicon nanoparticles are disposed on the carbon-based compound, a composite in which silicon particles are included on the surface and inside of the carbon-based compound, and a carbon-based compound in which silicon particles are coated with a carbon-based compound. It may be a complex contained within the compound. In the complex of the silicon-based compound and the carbon-based compound, the carbon-based compound may be graphite, graphene, graphene oxide, or a combination thereof.
- the composite of the silicon-based compound and the carbon-based compound is an active material obtained by dispersing silicon nanoparticles with an average particle diameter of about 200 nm or less on the carbon-based compound particles and then coating them with carbon, an active material in which silicon (Si) particles are present on and inside graphite, etc.
- the average particle diameter of the secondary particles of the composite of the silicon-based compound and the carbon-based compound may be 5 ⁇ m to 20 ⁇ m.
- the average particle diameter of the silicon nanoparticles may be 5 nm or more, for example 10 nm or more, for example 20 nm or more, for example 50 nm or more, for example 70 nm or more.
- the average particle diameter of the silicon nanoparticles may be 200 nm or less, 150 nm or less, 100 nm or less, 50 nm or less, 20 nm or less, or 10 nm or less.
- the average particle diameter of the silicon nanoparticles may be 100 nm to 150 nm.
- the average particle diameter of the secondary particle of the composite of the silicon-based compound and the carbon-based compound may be 5um to 18um, for example, 7um to 15um, for example, 10um to 13um.
- the porous silicon composite cluster disclosed in Korean Patent Publication No. 10-2018-0031585 and the porous silicon composite cluster structure disclosed in Korean Patent Publication No. 10-2018-0056395 may be used.
- Korean Patent Publication No. 10-2018-0031586 and Korean Patent Publication No. 10-2018-0056395 are incorporated herein by reference.
- the silicon-carbon-based compound composite is a porous silicon composite including a porous core including secondary particles of the porous silicon composite and a shell including second graphene disposed on the core. a cluster, wherein the porous silicon composite secondary particles include an aggregate of two or more silicon composite primary particles, wherein the silicon composite primary particles include silicon; It may be a porous silicon composite cluster including silicon oxide (SiOx) (O ⁇ x ⁇ 2) disposed on the silicon and first graphene disposed on the silicon oxide.
- SiOx silicon oxide
- a silicon-carbon-based compound composite includes a porous silicon composite cluster including a porous silicon composite secondary particle and a second carbon flake on at least one surface of the porous silicon composite secondary particle; and a carbon-based coating film comprising amorphous carbon disposed on the porous silicon composite cluster, wherein the porous silicon composite secondary particles include an aggregate of two or more silicon composite primary particles, and the silicon composite primary particles include silicon; and silicon oxide (SiOx) (O ⁇ x ⁇ 2) on at least one surface of the silicon and first carbon flakes on at least one surface of the silicon oxide, wherein the silicon oxide is a film, a matrix or its It may be a porous silicon composite cluster structure that exists in the state of a combination.
- first carbon flakes and the second carbon flakes may exist in the form of a film, particles, a matrix, or a combination thereof.
- first carbon flake and the second carbon flake may be graphene, graphite, carbon fiber, graphene oxide, or the like, respectively.
- the composite of the above-described silicon-based compound and carbon-based compound is a composite having a structure in which silicon nanoparticles are disposed on the carbon-based compound, a composite in which silicon particles are included on the surface and inside of the carbon-based compound, and silicon particles are coated with a carbon-based compound. It may be a complex included in the carbon-based compound. In the complex of the silicon-based compound and the carbon-based compound, the carbon-based compound may be graphite, graphene, graphene oxide, or a combination thereof.
- the form of the lithium secondary battery is not particularly limited, and includes a lithium ion battery, a lithium ion polymer battery, a lithium sulfur battery, and the like.
- the lithium secondary battery may be manufactured by the following method.
- an anode is prepared.
- a positive electrode active material composition in which a positive electrode active material, a conductive material, a binder, and a solvent are mixed is prepared.
- the positive electrode active material composition is directly coated on a metal current collector to manufacture a positive electrode plate.
- the positive electrode active material composition may be cast on a separate support, and then a film peeled from the support may be laminated on a metal current collector to manufacture a positive electrode plate.
- the positive electrode is not limited to the above-listed shapes and may be in a shape other than the above-mentioned shapes.
- the cathode active material is a lithium-containing metal oxide, and any one commonly used in the art may be used without limitation.
- a complex oxide of lithium and a metal selected from cobalt, manganese, nickel, and combinations thereof may be used, and specific examples thereof include Li a A 1-b B 1 b D 1 2 (wherein 0.90 ⁇ a ⁇ 1.8, and 0 ⁇ b ⁇ 0.5); Li a E 1-b B 1 b O 2-c D 1 c (wherein 0.90 ⁇ a ⁇ 1.8, 0 ⁇ b ⁇ 0.5, 0 ⁇ c ⁇ 0.05); LiE 2-b B 1 b O 4-c D 1 c (wherein 0 ⁇ b ⁇ 0.5 and 0 ⁇ c ⁇ 0.05); Li a Ni 1-bc Co b B 1 c D 1 ⁇ (wherein 0.90 ⁇ a ⁇ 1.8, 0 ⁇ b ⁇ 0.5, 0 ⁇ c ⁇ 0.05); Li
- A is Ni, Co, Mn, or a combination thereof
- B 1 is Al, Ni, Co, Mn, Cr, Fe, Mg, Sr, V, a rare earth element, or a combination thereof
- D 1 is O, F, S, P, or a combination thereof
- E is Co, Mn, or a combination thereof
- F 1 is F, S, P, or a combination thereof
- G is Al, Cr, Mn, Fe, Mg, La, Ce, Sr, V, or a combination thereof
- Q is Ti, Mo, Mn, or a combination thereof
- I is Cr, V, Fe, Sc, Y, or a combination thereof
- J may be V, Cr, Mn, Co, Ni, Cu, or a combination thereof.
- the coating layer may include a coating element compound of oxide or hydroxide of the coating element, oxyhydroxide of the coating element, oxycarbonate of the coating element, or hydroxycarbonate of the coating element.
- the compound constituting these coating layers may be amorphous or crystalline.
- the coating element included in the coating layer Mg, Al, Co, K, Na, Ca, Si, Ti, V, Sn, Ge, Ga, B, As, Zr, or a mixture thereof may be used.
- any coating method may be used as long as the compound can be coated by a method that does not adversely affect the physical properties of the positive electrode active material (eg, spray coating, dipping method, etc.) by using these elements in the compound. Since the content can be well understood by those engaged in the field, a detailed description thereof will be omitted.
- Carbon black, graphite fine particles, etc. may be used as the conductive material, but are not limited thereto, and any conductive material that can be used as a conductive material in the art may be used.
- binder examples include vinylidene fluoride/hexafluoropropylene copolymer, polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), polyacrylonitrile, polymethyl methacrylate, polytetrafluoroethylene and mixtures thereof, or styrene butadiene rubber-based polymer. may be used, but is not limited thereto, and any binder that can be used as a binder in the art may be used.
- N-methylpyrrolidone N-methylpyrrolidone, acetone, or water
- the solvent is not limited thereto and any solvent that can be used in the art may be used.
- the content of the positive active material, the conductive material, the binder, and the solvent is a level commonly used in a lithium battery. At least one of the conductive material, the binder, and the solvent may be omitted depending on the use and configuration of the lithium battery.
- a negative electrode active material composition is prepared by mixing a negative electrode active material, a conductive material, a binder, and a solvent.
- the negative electrode active material composition is directly coated and dried on a metal current collector to prepare a negative electrode plate.
- the negative electrode active material composition may be cast on a separate support, and then a film peeled from the support may be laminated on a metal current collector to manufacture a negative electrode plate.
- the negative active material may be any material that can be used as an anode active material for a lithium battery in the art.
- it may include at least one selected from the group consisting of lithium metal, a metal alloyable with lithium, a transition metal oxide, a non-transition metal oxide, and a carbon-based material.
- the metal alloyable with lithium is Si, Sn, Al, Ge, Pb, Bi, Sb Si-Y alloy (wherein Y is an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal, a group 13 element, a group 14 element, a transition metal, a rare earth) an element or a combination element thereof, but not Si), Sn-Y alloy (wherein Y is an alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, group 13 element, group 14 element, transition metal, rare earth element, or a combination element thereof, and not Sn ) and so on.
- the element Y includes Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Ra, Sc, Y, Ti, Zr, Hf, Rf, V, Nb, Ta, Db, Cr, Mo, W, Sg, Tc, Re, Bh, Fe, Pb, Ru, Os, Hs, Rh, Ir, Pd, Pt, Cu, Ag, Au, Zn, Cd, B, Al, Ga, Sn, In, Ti, Ge, P, As, Sb, Bi, S, Se, Te, Po, or a combination thereof.
- the transition metal oxide may be lithium titanium oxide, vanadium oxide, lithium vanadium oxide, or the like.
- the non-transition metal oxide may be SnO 2 , SiO x (0 ⁇ x ⁇ 2), or the like.
- the carbon-based material may be crystalline carbon, amorphous carbon, or a mixture thereof.
- the crystalline carbon may be amorphous, plate-like, flake-like, spherical or fibrous graphite, such as natural graphite or artificial graphite, and the amorphous carbon is soft carbon (low-temperature calcined carbon) or hard carbon (hard carbon). carbon), mesophase pitch carbide, calcined coke, and the like.
- the conductive material and the binder may be the same as those of the positive active material composition.
- the content of the negative electrode active material, the conductive material, the binder, and the solvent is a level commonly used in a lithium battery. At least one of the conductive material, the binder, and the solvent may be omitted depending on the use and configuration of the lithium battery.
- any of the separators may be used as long as they are commonly used in lithium batteries. Those having a low resistance to ion movement of the electrolyte and excellent in moisture content of the electrolyte may be used.
- it may be selected from glass fiber, polyester, Teflon, polyethylene, polypropylene, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), or a combination thereof, and may be in the form of a nonwoven fabric or a woven fabric.
- PTFE polytetrafluoroethylene
- a separator that can be wound up such as polyethylene or polypropylene is used for a lithium ion battery, and a separator having an excellent organic electrolyte impregnation ability may be used for a lithium ion polymer battery.
- the separator may be manufactured according to the following method.
- a separator composition is prepared by mixing a polymer resin, a filler, and a solvent.
- the separator composition may be directly coated and dried on the electrode to form a separator.
- a separator film peeled from the support is laminated on an electrode to form a separator.
- the polymer resin used for manufacturing the separator is not particularly limited, and all materials used for the bonding material of the electrode plate may be used.
- vinylidene fluoride/hexafluoropropylene copolymer polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), polyacrylonitrile, polymethyl methacrylate, or mixtures thereof may be used.
- PVDF polyvinylidene fluoride
- the separator is not limited thereto, but for example, Polyethylene Separator (PES), Polypropylene Separator (PPS), Ceramic Coated Separator (CCS), Polymer Coated Separator (PCS), Multi-layer Coated Separator (MCS), MFS (Multi-layer Coated Separator), MFS ( Multi-Functional Separator) and the like, and a combination thereof is also possible.
- PES Polyethylene Separator
- PPS Polypropylene Separator
- CCS Ceramic Coated Separator
- PCS Polymer Coated Separator
- MCS Multi-layer Coated Separator
- MFS Multi-layer Coated Separator
- MFS Multi-Functional Separator
- the lithium battery 1 includes a positive electrode 3 , a negative electrode 2 , and a separator 4 .
- the above-described positive electrode 3 , negative electrode 2 , and separator 4 are wound or folded and accommodated in the battery case 5 .
- an organic electrolyte is injected into the battery case 5 and sealed with a cap assembly 6 to complete the lithium battery 1 .
- the battery case may have a cylindrical shape, a prismatic shape, a thin film type, or the like.
- the lithium battery may be a large-sized thin-film battery.
- the lithium battery may be a lithium ion battery.
- an electrode assembly having a cylindrical shape in which a separator is wound between a positive electrode and a negative electrode is formed, and after being inserted into the cylindrical can, an electrolyte can be injected into the cylindrical can.
- the cylindrical can may be formed of steel, steel alloy, nickel plated steel, nickel plated steel alloy, aluminum, aluminum alloy, or equivalents thereof, but the material is not limited herein.
- the cylindrical can is formed with a beading part recessed inward in the lower part of the cap assembly to prevent the cap assembly from being separated to the outside, and a crimping part bent inwardly in the upper part thereof is formed. can be formed.
- a plurality of battery structures in which a separator is disposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode are stacked to form a battery pack, and the battery pack can be used in any device requiring high capacity and high output.
- the battery pack can be used in a laptop, a smartphone, an electric vehicle, and the like.
- the lithium secondary battery according to one embodiment has a significantly reduced DCIR increase rate compared to a lithium secondary battery employing a general nickel-rich lithium-nickel composite oxide as a positive electrode active material, thereby exhibiting excellent battery characteristics.
- the operating voltage of the lithium secondary battery to which the positive electrode, the negative electrode, and the electrolyte are applied may have a lower limit of 2.5-2.8V, and an upper limit of 4.1V or more, for example, 4.1-4.47V.
- the lithium secondary battery may include, for example, a power tool that moves by being powered by an omniscient motor; electric vehicles, including electric vehicles (EVs), hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs), plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs), and the like; electric two-wheeled vehicles including electric bicycles (E-bikes) and electric scooters (Escooter); electric golf carts; and a power storage system, but is not limited thereto.
- electric vehicles including electric vehicles (EVs), hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs), plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs), and the like
- electric two-wheeled vehicles including electric bicycles (E-bikes) and electric scooters (Escooter)
- E-bikes electric bicycles
- Escooter electric scooters
- electric golf carts and a power storage system, but is not limited thereto.
- alkyl group means a branched or unbranched aliphatic hydrocarbon group. In one embodiment, the alkyl group may be substituted or unsubstituted.
- the alkyl group includes a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, an isopropyl group, a butyl group, an isobutyl group, a tert-butyl group, a pentyl group, a hexyl group, a cyclopropyl group, a cyclopentyl group, a cyclohexyl group, a cycloheptyl group, etc.
- the alkyl group can contain from 1 to 6 carbon atoms.
- a C1-C6 alkyl group is a methyl group.
- At least one hydrogen atom in the alkyl is a halogen atom, a halogen atom-substituted C1-C20 alkyl group (eg, CF 3 , CHF 2 , CH 2 F, CCl 3 , etc.), C1-C20 alkoxy, C2-C20 alkoxyalkyl , hydroxy group, nitro group, cyano group, amino group, amidino group, hydrazine, hydrazone, carboxyl group or its salt, sulfonyl group, sulfamoyl group, sulfonic acid group or its salt, phosphoric acid or its salt, or C1-C20 Alkyl group, C2-C20 alkenyl group, C2-C20 alkynyl group, C1-C20 heteroalkyl group, C6-C20 aryl group, C7-C20 arylalkyl group, C6-C20 heteroaryl group, C7-C20 heteroarylalky
- alkenyl group is a hydrocarbon group having 2 to 20 carbon atoms including one or more carbon-carbon double bonds, ethenyl group, 1-propenyl group, 2-propenyl group, 2-methyl-1-propenyl group, 1-butenyl group, 2-butenyl group, cyclopropenyl group, cyclopentenyl, cyclohexenyl, cyclopentenyl, and the like, but are not limited thereto.
- an alkenyl group may be substituted or unsubstituted.
- the alkenyl group may have 2 to 40 carbon atoms.
- alkynyl group is a hydrocarbon group having 2 to 20 carbon atoms including at least one carbon-carbon triple bond, and includes an ethynyl group, 1-propynyl group, 1-butynyl group, 2-butynyl group, etc. However, it is not limited to these. In other embodiments, an alkynyl group may be substituted or unsubstituted. In another embodiment, the alkynyl group may have 2 to 40 carbon atoms.
- a substituent is derived from an unsubstituted parent group, wherein one or more hydrogen atoms are substituted with another atom or a functional group. Unless otherwise indicated, when a functional group is considered to be “substituted”, this means that the functional group is C 1 -C 20 alkyl, C 2 -C 20 alkenyl, C 2 -C 20 alkynyl, C 1 -C 20 alkoxy, halogen. , means substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from the group consisting of a cyano group, a hydroxyl group and a nitro group. When a functional group is described as being “optionally substituted”, that functional group may be substituted with the aforementioned substituents.
- halogen includes fluorine, bromine, chlorine, iodine, and the like.
- Alkoxy refers to "alkyl-O-", where alkyl is as defined above.
- the alkoxy group includes, for example, a methoxy group, an ethoxy group, a 2-propoxy group, a butoxy group, a t-butoxy group, a pentyloxy group, and a hexyloxy group.
- One or more hydrogen atoms in the above alkoxy may be substituted with the same substituents as in the case of the above-described alkyl group.
- Heteroaryl refers to a monocyclic or bicyclic organic group containing one or more heteroatoms selected from N, O, P or S, and the remaining ring atoms are carbon.
- the heteroaryl group may include, for example, 1-5 heteroatoms, and may include 5-10 ring members.
- the S or N may be oxidized to have various oxidation states.
- heteroaryl examples include thienyl, furyl, pyrrolyl, imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, 1,2,3-oxadiazolyl, 1,2,4-oxadiazolyl, 1,2 ,5-oxadiazolyl, 1,3,4-oxadiazolyl group, 1,2,3-thiadiazolyl, 1,2,4-thiadiazolyl, 1,2,5-thiadiazolyl, 1, 3,4-thiadiazolyl, isothiazol-3-yl, isothiazol-4-yl, isothiazol-5-yl, oxazol-2-yl, oxazol-4-yl, oxazol-5 -yl, isoxazol-3-yl, isoxazol-4-yl, isoxazol-5-yl, 1,2,4-triazol-3-yl, 1,2,4-triazol-5 -yl, 1,2,3-tria
- heteroaryl includes the heteroaromatic ring optionally fused to one or more aryl, cycloaliphatic, or heterocycle.
- carrier refers to a saturated or partially unsaturated non-aromatic monocyclic, bicyclic or tricyclic hydrocarbon group.
- Examples of the monocyclic hydrocarbon include cyclopentyl, cyclopentenyl, cyclohexyl, cyclohexenyl, and the like.
- bicyclic hydrocarbon bornyl, decahydronaphthyl, bicyclo [2.1.1] hexyl, bicyclo [2.1.1] heptyl (bicyclo) [2.2.1]heptyl), bicyclo[2.2.1]heptenyl, or bicyclo[2.2.2]octyl.
- tricyclic hydrocarbon examples include adamantly and the like.
- One or more hydrogen atoms in the carbon ring may be substituted with the same substituents as in the case of the above-described alkyl group.
- a final compound 2 was prepared through the following synthesis process.
- anode active material As an anode active material, 98 wt% of artificial graphite, 1 wt% of SBR, and 1 wt% of CMC were mixed and dispersed in water to prepare an anode active material slurry. The slurry was uniformly applied on a copper current collector having a thickness of 10 ⁇ m in a continuous manner in a coater and dried with hot air at 100° C. Then, a negative electrode was prepared by rolling (roll press).
- a coin cell was manufactured using the prepared positive electrode and negative electrode, a 14 ⁇ m thick polyethylene separator, and the electrolyte.
- a lithium secondary battery was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that 0.5 wt% of Compound 2 synthesized in Preparation Example 1 was added.
- a coin cell was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that 1.0 wt% of Compound 2 synthesized in Preparation Example 1 was added.
- a coin cell was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the electrolyte in a state in which Compound 2 synthesized in Preparation Example 1 was not added was used.
- the coin cells prepared in Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Example 1 were subjected to a state of charge (SOC) 100% (full charge, the battery was charged to 3.0V to 4.47V, 0.2C constant current-constant voltage charging, and 0.02C cut-off conditions). When charging and discharging at 4.47V, the battery was charged to 100% charging capacity when the total charging capacity was 100%), and then stored at 60° C. for 10 days.
- SOC state of charge
- AC-IR AC-IR
- m ⁇ The initial AC internal resistance (AC-IR, m ⁇ ) was measured for the coin cell before storage at 60°C (0D), and the AC-IR after 4 days (4D) and 10 days (10D) was measured. Measurement results and AC-IR increase rates are shown in Table 1 and FIG. 2 below.
- the coin cells of Examples 1 to 3 included Compound 2 synthesized in Preparation Example 1 in the electrolyte, and thus, when stored at a high temperature of 60° C., compared to the case where Compound 2 was not included. It can be seen that the resistance (AC-IR) value is lowered, and the AC-IR increase rate is also reduced. When 0.5 wt% of Compound 2 was contained, the initial resistance and AC-IR increase rate were the lowest.
- Evaluation Example 2 EIS resistance evaluation at high temperature (60°C) storage
- the coin cells prepared in Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Example 1 were stored at a high temperature of 60° C. for 10 days in the same manner as in Evaluation Example 1, before storage (0D), 4 days (4D), and 10 days (10D)
- the internal resistance was measured using later EIS (Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy). The results are shown in FIGS. 3 to 5, respectively.
- the coin cells of Examples 1 to 3 contained Compound 2 by including Compound 2 synthesized in Preparation Example 1 in the electrolyte. It can be seen that the internal resistance is small when stored at a high temperature compared to the case where it is not. When the compound 2 was contained in an amount of 0.5% by weight, the minimum resistance was exhibited.
- the coin cells manufactured in Examples 2 and 3 and Comparative Example 1 were charged at room temperature (25°C) to 4.47V at 0.1C and then discharged at 0.1C, and then at 0.2C and then discharged at 0.2C. Repeat 3 times. After stabilization, charge 0.5C to 4.47V and discharge 0.5C once.
- the coin cell that has undergone the above process is charged at 0.5C from room temperature (25°C) to 4.47V, stored in a low temperature incubator at -10°C (LRH-CTC1, Neuronfit, Korea) for 2 hours, and then discharged at 0.2C.
- the low-temperature discharge capacity of the coin cell was measured through times, and the results are shown in Table 1 and FIG. 6 below. For each cell, the low-temperature discharge capacity was measured twice.
- the coin cells of Examples 2 and 3 showed a lower decrease in the low-temperature discharge capacity compared to the coin cells of Comparative Example 1, indicating that the discharge characteristics at low temperature were improved.
- lithium secondary battery 2 negative electrode
Abstract
Description
초기(0D) AC-IR (mΩ) |
4일 저장후 AC-IR (mΩ) |
10일 저장후 AC-IR (mΩ) |
AC-IR 증가율 (10D/0D) (%) |
|
비교예 1 | 4.745 | 7.370 | 10.110 | 213.1% |
실시예 1 | 4.767 | 7.070 | 9.490 | 199.1% |
실시예 2 | 4.582 | 6.890 | 9.220 | 201.2% |
실시예 3 | 4.716 | 7.145 | 9.650 | 204.6% |
-10℃ 0.2C DCH | 평가 횟수 | 25℃ 0.2C | 0.2C 3.4V | |
DOE | Capacity [mAh] | Capacity [mAh] | [%] | |
비교예 1 | 1 | 5.01 | 3.13 | 62.4% |
2 | 4.92 | 3.08 | 62.5% | |
실시예 2 | 1 | 5.13 | 3.43 | 66.8% |
2 | 5.03 | 3.29 | 65.6% | |
실시예 3 | 1 | 5.08 | 3.31 | 65.2% |
2 | 5.09 | 3.33 | 65.4% |
Claims (12)
- 고리형 술폰기; 및 이와 연결된, 불포화 탄화수소기 함유 실릴기;를 갖는 화합물.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 화합물은 하기 화학식 1로 표시되는 화합물:<화학식 1>상기 화학식 1에서,R1 내지 R9는 각각 독립적으로 수소, 중수소, -F(플루오로기), -Cl(클로로기), -Br(브로모기), -I(아이오도기), 히드록실기, 시아노기, 니트로기, 아미노기, 아미디노기, 히드라진기, 히드라존기, 카르복실산 또는 이의 염, 술폰산 또는 이의 염, 인산 또는 이의 염, 치환 또는 비치환된 C1-C60알킬기, 치환 또는 비치환된 C2-C60알케닐기, 치환 또는 비치환된 C2-C60알키닐기, 치환 또는 비치환된 C1-C60알콕시기, 치환 또는 비치환된 C3-C10시클로알킬기, 치환 또는 비치환된 C2-C10헤테로시클로알킬기, 치환 또는 비치환된 C3-C10시클로알케닐기, 치환 또는 비치환된 C2-C10헤테로시클로알케닐기, 치환 또는 비치환된 C6-C60아릴기, 치환 또는 비치환된 C6-C60아릴옥시기, 치환 또는 비치환된 C6-C60아릴티오기, 치환 또는 비치환된 C2-C60헤테로아릴기, 치환 또는 비치환된 1가 비-방향족 축합다환 그룹, 치환 또는 비치환된 1가 비-방향족 헤테로축합다환 그룹, -N(Q1)(Q2), -Si(Q3)(Q4)(Q5) 및 -B(Q6)(Q7) 중에서 선택되며, 여기서, Q1 내지 Q7은 서로 독립적으로, 수소, C1-C60알킬기, C2-C60알케닐기, C2-C60알키닐기, C1-C60알콕시기, C3-C10시클로알킬기, C2-C10헤테로시클로알킬기, C3-C10시클로알케닐기, C2-C10헤테로시클로알케닐기, C6-C60아릴기, C6-C60아릴옥시기, C6-C60아릴티오기, C2-C60헤테로아릴기, 1가 비-방향족 축합다환 그룹 및 1가 비-방향족 헤테로축합다환 그룹 중에서 선택되고;L은 O, S, 카보닐기, 치환 또는 비치환된 C1-8알킬렌기, 치환 또는 비치환된 C2-8알케닐렌기, 치환 또는 비치환된 C2-8알키닐렌기, 치환 또는 비치환된 C1-8헤테로알킬렌기, 치환 또는 비치환된 C2-8헤테로알케닐렌기, 치환 또는 비치환된 C2-8헤테로알키닐렌기, 치환 또는 비치환된 C3-8시클로알킬기, 치환 또는 비치환된 3 ~ 10원 헤테로시클로기, 치환 또는 비치환된 C5-10아릴기, 치환 또는 비치환된 5 ~ 10원 헤테로아릴기, 또는 -N(Q1)-로부터 선택되며, 여기서, Q1은 상술한 바와 같으며;m은 1, 2 또는 3이고;n은 1 또는 2이다.
- 제2항에 있어서,R1 내지 R7은 각각 독립적으로 수소, 중수소, -F(플루오로기), -Cl(클로로기), -Br(브로모기), -I(아이오도기), 히드록실기, 시아노기, 니트로기, 아미노기, 아미디노기, 히드라진기, 히드라존기, 카르복실산 또는 이의 염, 술폰산 또는 이의 염, 인산 또는 이의 염, 치환 또는 비치환된 C1-C10알킬기, 치환 또는 비치환된 C2-C10알케닐기, 치환 또는 비치환된 C2-C10알키닐기, 또는 치환 또는 비치환된 C1-C10알콕시기로부터 선택되고;R8 및 R9는 각각 독립적으로 치환 또는 비치환된 C1-C10알킬기, 치환 또는 비치환된 C2-C10알케닐기, 치환 또는 비치환된 C2-C10알키닐기, 또는 치환 또는 비치환된 C1-C10알콕시기로부터 선택되고;L은 O, S, 카보닐기, 치환 또는 비치환된 C1-4알킬렌기, 치환 또는 비치환된 C2-4알케닐렌기, 치환 또는 비치환된 C2-4알키닐렌기, 치환 또는 비치환된 C1-4헤테로알킬렌기, 치환 또는 비치환된 C2-4헤테로알케닐렌기, 치환 또는 비치환된 C2-4헤테로알키닐렌기, 치환 또는 비치환된 C3-6시클로알킬기, 치환 또는 비치환된 3 ~ 8원 헤테로시클로기, 치환 또는 비치환된 C5-8아릴기, 치환 또는 비치환된 5 ~ 8원 헤테로아릴기, 또는 -N(Q1)-로부터 선택되며;m은 1이고; n은 1인 화합물.
- 제2항에 있어서,R1 내지 R7은 각각 독립적으로 수소, 비치환된 C1-C8알킬기, 비치환된 C2-C8알케닐기, 비치환된 C2-C8알키닐기, 또는 비치환된 C1-C8알콕시기로부터 선택되고;R8 및 R9는 각각 독립적으로 비치환된 C1-C8알킬기, 비치환된 C2-C8알케닐기, 비치환된 C2-C8알키닐기, 또는 비치환된 C1-C8알콕시기로부터 선택되고;L은 O, S, 카보닐기, 비치환된 C1-4알킬렌기, 비치환된 C2-4알케닐렌기, 비치환된 C2-4알키닐렌기, 비치환된 C1-4헤테로알킬렌기, 비치환된 C2-4헤테로알케닐렌기, 비치환된 C2-4헤테로알키닐렌기, 또는 -N(Q1)-로부터 선택되며;m은 1이고; n은 1인 화합물.
- 제2항에 있어서,상기 화합물은 하기 화학식 2로 표시되는 화합물:<화학식 2>상기 화학식 2에서,R5 내지 R7은 각각 독립적으로 수소, 비치환된 C1-C4알킬기, 비치환된 C2-C4알케닐기, 비치환된 C2-C4알키닐기, 또는 비치환된 C1-C4알콕시기로부터 선택되고;R8 및 R9는 각각 독립적으로 비치환된 C1-C4알킬기, 비치환된 C2-C4알케닐기, 비치환된 C2-C4알키닐기, 또는 비치환된 C1-C4알콕시기로부터 선택되고;L은 O, S, 카보닐기, 치환 또는 비치환된 C1-4알킬렌기, 치환 또는 비치환된 C2-4알케닐렌기, 치환 또는 비치환된 C2-4알키닐렌기, 치환 또는 비치환된 C1-4헤테로알킬렌기, 치환 또는 비치환된 C2-4헤테로알케닐렌기, 치환 또는 비치환된 C2-4헤테로알키닐렌기, 치환 또는 비치환된 C3-6시클로알킬기, 치환 또는 비치환된 3 ~ 8원 헤테로시클로기, 치환 또는 비치환된 C5-8아릴기, 치환 또는 비치환된 5 ~ 8원 헤테로아릴기, 또는 -N(Q1)-로부터 선택되며;M은 1, 2 또는 3이다.
- 제1항 내지 제6항 중 어느 한 항에 따른 화합물을 포함하는 리튬 이차전지용 첨가제.
- 리튬염; 유기 용매; 및 첨가제를 포함하고,상기 첨가제는 제1항 내지 제6항 중 어느 한 항에 따른 화합물을 포함하는 리튬 이차전지용 전해질.
- 제8항에 있어서,상기 화합물의 함량은 상기 전해질 총중량을 기준으로 0.001 내지 20 중량% 범위인 리튬 이차전지용 전해질.
- 제8항에 있어서,상기 리튬염은 LiPF6, LiBF4, LiSbF6, LiAsF6, LiClO4, LiCF3SO3, Li(CF3SO2)2N, LiC4F9SO3, LiAlO2, LiAlCl4, LiN(CxF2x+1SO2)(CyF2y+1SO2)(2≤x≤20, 2≤y≤20), LiCl, LiI, 리튬 비스(플루오로술포닐)이미드(lithium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide, LiFSI), 리튬비스(옥살레이토)보레이트(LiBOB), LiPO2F2 및 하기 화학식 4 내지 7로 표시되는 화합물이루어진 군에서 선택된 1종 이상을 포함하는 리튬 이차전지용 전해질:<화학식 4> <화학식 5><화학식 6> <화학식 7>
- 양극활물질을 포함하는 양극;음극활물질을 포함하는 음극; 및상기 양극과 음극 사이에 배치되는 전해질;을 포함하고,상기 양극, 상기 음극 및 상기 전해질 중 적어도 하나가 제1항 내지 제6항 중 어느 한 항에 따른 화합물을 포함하는 리튬 이차전지.
- 제11항에 있어서,상기 전해질이 화합물을 포함하는 리튬 이차전지.
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