WO2022190609A1 - 自己修復性材料 - Google Patents
自己修復性材料 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022190609A1 WO2022190609A1 PCT/JP2022/000514 JP2022000514W WO2022190609A1 WO 2022190609 A1 WO2022190609 A1 WO 2022190609A1 JP 2022000514 W JP2022000514 W JP 2022000514W WO 2022190609 A1 WO2022190609 A1 WO 2022190609A1
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- outer shell
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- base material
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 202
- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 110
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- 108010010803 Gelatin Proteins 0.000 claims description 27
- 229920000159 gelatin Polymers 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000008273 gelatin Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 235000019322 gelatine Nutrition 0.000 claims description 27
- 235000011852 gelatine desserts Nutrition 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000003522 acrylic cement Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 229920006332 epoxy adhesive Polymers 0.000 claims description 12
- 229920000877 Melamine resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N melamine Chemical compound NC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1 JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 36
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- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J9/00—Adhesives characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced, e.g. glue sticks
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K9/00—Use of pretreated ingredients
- C08K9/10—Encapsulated ingredients
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L101/00—Compositions of unspecified macromolecular compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L63/00—Compositions of epoxy resins; Compositions of derivatives of epoxy resins
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J133/00—Adhesives based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09J133/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters
- C09J133/06—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters of esters containing only carbon, hydrogen and oxygen, the oxygen atom being present only as part of the carboxyl radical
- C09J133/08—Homopolymers or copolymers of acrylic acid esters
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J163/00—Adhesives based on epoxy resins; Adhesives based on derivatives of epoxy resins
Definitions
- This technology relates to a self-repairing material capable of self-repairing cracks.
- Adhesives are often used to join parts, etc.
- microcracks may occur in adhesives when subjected to reliability tests such as temperature shock and drop tests, or when actually used in the market for a long period of time.
- a minute crack grows gradually, eventually leading to semi-destruction or complete destruction of the joint, which may impair the function of the product.
- Adhesion parts are designed and adhesives are selected so that such events do not occur, but there are cases where it is difficult to guarantee with existing adhesives as the demands of the market and customers are increasing year by year.
- 5G Fifth Generation Mobile Communication System
- the number of devices installed outdoors and in automobiles will increase rapidly, and existing adhesives and adhesive technologies will not be able to meet market demands. Things are easy to predict.
- Patent Literature 1 discloses a self-repairing agent containing a repairing agent encapsulated in a base adhesive and a catalyst for curing the repairing agent. In this technique, when a crack occurs in the base adhesive, the capsule is ruptured, and the repair agent is mixed with the curing agent to cure the crack, thereby repairing the crack.
- the purpose of this technology is to provide a self-healing material with excellent productivity and self-healing properties.
- a self-healing material comprises a base material, a first capsule, and a second capsule.
- the first capsule has a flexible first shell and a first fluid enclosed in the first shell, and is mixed with the base material.
- the second capsule has a flexible second shell, a second fluid contained in the second shell and hardened by contact with the first material, and the base mixed in the material.
- the first outer shell and the second outer shell may be made of a material having an elastic modulus of 20 MPa or more and 85 MPa or less.
- the first outer shell and the second outer shell may be made of gelatin.
- the first outer shell and the second outer shell may be made of melamine.
- the first fluid may be an SGA (Second Generation Acrylic adhesive) main agent
- the second fluid may be an SGA curing agent
- the base material may be joined to the first outer shell and the second outer shell.
- the first outer shell and the second outer shell may be made of gelatin, and the base material may be an epoxy adhesive or an acrylic adhesive.
- the first outer shell and the second outer shell may be made of melamine, and the base material may be an epoxy adhesive or an acrylic adhesive.
- the base material may be a material with a Shore D hardness of 60 or higher.
- the total mixed amount of the first capsules and the second capsules with respect to the base material may be 5% (V/V) or more and 20% (V/V) or less.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a self-healing material in accordance with embodiments of the present technology
- FIG. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a first capsule provided by the self-repairing material
- FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a second capsule provided by the self-healing material
- FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing cracks generated in the self-healing material.
- FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of FIG. 4
- FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the self-repairing material in which cracks are repaired
- 1 is a schematic diagram showing a mode of use of a self-repairing material as a filler according to an embodiment of the present technology
- FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a mode of use of the self-repairing material as a filler.
- FIG. 9 is an enlarged view of FIG. 8;
- FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing cracks generated in the self-repairing material;
- FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the self-repairing material in which cracks are repaired;
- It is a schematic diagram which shows the experimental method which concerns on an Example.
- It is a schematic diagram which shows the experimental method which concerns on an Example.
- It is a schematic diagram which shows the experimental method which concerns on a comparative example It is a schematic diagram which shows the experimental result which concerns on a comparative example.
- a self-healing material according to an embodiment of the present technology will be described.
- the self-healing material according to this embodiment can be used as an adhesive.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a self-healing material 100 according to this embodiment.
- self-healing material 100 comprises base material 101 , first capsules 102 and second capsules 103 .
- the base material 101 is a fluid and hardenable material.
- the base material 101 can be curable by heating, ultraviolet irradiation, mixing with a curing agent, or the like.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of the first capsule 102.
- the first capsule 102 has a first shell 121 and a first fluid 122 .
- the first outer shell 121 is made of a flexible material and is elastically deformable.
- the first capsule 102 may, for example, be compressible to about half the capsule diameter and deformable to some extent in the direction of tension.
- the first outer shell 121 can be a spherical shell, but it can also be a shell with other shapes.
- a material having an elastic modulus of 20 MPa or more and 85 MPa or less is suitable for the material of the first outer shell 121 .
- the first fluid 122 is the fluid enclosed in the first outer shell 121 .
- FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of the second capsule 103.
- the second capsule 103 has a second shell 131 and a second fluid 132 .
- the second outer shell 131 is made of a flexible material and is elastically deformable.
- the second capsule 103 may be compressible, for example, to about half the capsule diameter, and deformable to some extent in the direction of tension.
- the second outer shell 131 can be a spherical shell, but it can also be a shell with other shapes.
- a material having an elastic modulus of 20 MPa or more and 85 MPa or less is suitable for the material of the second outer shell 131 .
- the second fluid 132 is the fluid enclosed in the second outer shell 131 .
- the first outer shell 121 and the second outer shell 131 are made of a material having an elastic modulus of 20 MPa or more and 85 MPa or less, specifically gelatin (elastic modulus of 24 MPa) or melamine (elastic modulus of 84 MPa). can do. It should be noted that the gelatin is more preferably a heat-resistant gelatin that has undergone a heat-resistant treatment.
- [Table 1] below is a table showing the possible particle size (capsule diameter) range, film strength and airtightness when the first outer shell 121 and the second outer shell 131 are formed from gelatin or melamine.
- Materials for the first outer shell 121 and the second outer shell 131 can be selected based on the properties shown in [Table 1].
- the materials of the first outer shell 121 and the second outer shell 131 may be the same or different.
- the first fluid 122 and the second fluid 132 harden upon contact with each other.
- the first fluid 122 can be an SGA (Second Generation Acrylic adhesive) base agent
- the second fluid 122 can be an SGA curing agent.
- SGA is suitable because the curable compounding ratio of the SGA main agent and the SGA curing agent is as wide as 1:9 to 9:1.
- the first fluid 122 and the second fluid 132 may be made of materials that harden upon contact with each other.
- the first fluid 122 can be a two-component epoxy base agent and the second fluid 132 can be a two-component epoxy curing agent.
- the first fluid 122 may be a metal anaerobic adhesive
- the second fluid 132 may be a metal complex (primer)
- the first fluid 122 may be an instant adhesive
- the second fluid 132 may be water.
- the first fluid 122 may be moisture cured silicone and the second fluid 132 may be water.
- the base material 101 can be a flowable, hardenable material as described above.
- the base material 101 may be an organic adhesive, such as an epoxy adhesive or an acrylic adhesive.
- the base material 101 preferably has a Shore D hardness of 60 or more when cured. This is because when the Shore D hardness is less than 60, cracks, which will be described later, do not occur.
- the base material 101 is preferably a material that can be bonded to the first outer shell 121 and the second outer shell 131.
- the base material 101 is made of an organic adhesive such as an epoxy adhesive or an acrylic adhesive. and the first outer shell 121 and the second outer shell 131 to form a chemical bond, so that the first outer shell 121 and the second outer shell 131 and the base material 101 can be strongly bonded.
- a material that can be bonded to the first outer shell 121 and the second outer shell 131 can be selected according to the materials.
- the action of the self-healing material 100 will be described.
- the self-repairing material 100 is applied to the object to be adhered while the base material 101 is fluid.
- the base material 101 hardens with the lapse of time, heating, ultraviolet irradiation, or the like, the self-repairing material 100 adheres to the object to be adhered.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing a self-repairing material 100 in which cracks C have occurred. As the crack C occurs in the self-healing material 100, the first capsule 102 and the second capsule 103 facing the crack C are pulled by the base material 101 and broken as shown in FIG.
- FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of FIG.
- the first outer shell 121 is cleaved as shown in FIG.
- the second outer shell 131 is cleaved as shown in FIG.
- the first fluid 122 and the second fluid 132 harden upon contact to form a hardened material within the crack C.
- FIG. FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing the cured product H formed in the crack C. As shown in FIG. As shown in the figure, the inside of the crack C is filled with the cured material H and repaired.
- the cracks are filled and repaired by the cured product formed by the first fluid 122 and the second fluid 132. Even if another new crack is formed in the self-repairing material 100, the crack is similarly filled and repaired by the cured product.
- first capsule 102 comprises first flexible shell 121 and second capsule 103 comprises second flexible shell 131, as described above.
- first capsule 102 and the second capsule 103 can be causes follow-up deformation and is not destroyed.
- first outer shell 121 and the second outer shell 131 are made of a brittle material such as glass or ceramic, they may break during mixing and application, causing the first fluid 132 and the second fluid 132 to flow out. In this case, the first fluid 132 and the second fluid 132 are absorbed into the base material 101 and cannot be repaired when cracks occur. On the other hand, if the first outer shell 121 and the second outer shell 131 have flexibility, the first fluid 122 and the second fluid 122 are prevented from flowing out when cracks do not occur. When a crack occurs, it can be repaired with the cured product. In other words, there is no need to consider breakage of the first capsule 102 and the second capsule 103 during mixing and application, which facilitates handling.
- the base material 101 is an organic adhesive
- the first outer shell 121 and the second outer shell 131 are made of gelatin, melamine, or the like. It can be joined with two outer shells 131 .
- the first capsule 102 and the second capsule 103 facing the crack are pulled by the base material 101 and reliably broken (see Examples).
- first outer shell 121 and the second outer shell 131 are made of glass or the like, even if a crack occurs in the base material 101, the first capsule 102 and the second capsule 103 may not break and the crack may not be repaired.
- bonding the base material 101 to the first outer shell 121 and the second outer shell 131 it is possible to ensure that the first capsule 102 and the second capsule 103 are not broken due to cracks.
- the strength of the self-repairing material 100 can be improved even in a state in which cracks do not occur.
- an SGA (Second Generation Acrylic adhesive) main agent and an SGA curing agent can be used as the first fluid 122 and the second fluid 132. Since SGA has a wide curable compounding ratio of 1:9 to 9:1 between the SGA main agent and the SGA curing agent, even if the first fluid 122 and the second fluid 132 are not sufficiently mixed, the whole can be cured by contact. can be done. In the case where the first fluid 122 and the second fluid 132 are fluids having a predetermined blending ratio for curing, the blending ratio of the first capsule 102 and the second capsule 103 and the base material must be adjusted to reliably repair cracks. High accuracy is required for the dispersion in 101 .
- the amount of the first capsules 102 and the second capsules 103 mixed with the base material 101 is not particularly limited. It is preferable to combine the first capsule 102 and the second capsule 103 and mix them with the base material 101 at a ratio of 5% (V/V) (volume percent concentration, the same shall apply hereinafter) to 20% (V/V) or less. , 15% (V/V) or more and 20% (V/V) or less is more preferable. If the properties of the base material 101 are not affected, or if the influence is negligible, the first capsule 102 and the second capsule 103 may be mixed together at a ratio of 20% (V/V) or more.
- the particle size (capsule diameter) of the first capsule 102 and the second capsule 103 is preferably selected according to the expected crack size. If the expected cracks are small, capsules with a small particle size can be used. Specifically, the particle size of the first capsule 102 and the second capsule 103 is preferably 2 to 10 times the size (width) of the expected crack, and preferably 3 to 5 times the size (width) of the crack. It is more suitable.
- the self-healing material 100 can be used as a filler as well as an adhesive.
- 7 and 8 are schematic diagrams of a mounting structure 150 using the self-healing material 100 as a filler.
- the mounting structure 150 is composed of a substrate 151 and components 152 . Electrodes 153 are provided on the substrate 151 , and the components 152 are joined to the electrodes 153 by solder balls 154 . A gap between the substrate 151 and the component 152 is, for example, 100 ⁇ m wide.
- the part 152 is, for example, a BGA (ball grid array) or a CSP (chip size package).
- the self-healing material 100 is supplied around the component 152 as shown in FIG. 100 can be filled.
- the self-repairing material 100 functions as an underfill that prevents the solder balls 154 from being damaged by impacts such as dropping, cold or heat.
- 9 is an enlarged view of FIG. 8.
- FIG. As shown in the figure, the first capsule 102 and the second capsule 103 are prevented from flowing directly under the component 152 by solder balls 154 .
- FIG. 10 and 11 are schematic diagrams showing repair of cracks by the self-repairing material 100.
- FIG. 10 When a crack C occurs in the base material 101 as shown in FIG. 10, the broken first and second capsules 102 and 103 form a curing agent H to repair the crack C as shown in FIG. This prevents further damage to the self-repairing material 100 and allows it to maintain its function as an underfill.
- the particle size of the first capsule 102 and the second capsule 103 may be adjusted as necessary so that they flow directly under the component 152 together with the base material 101 .
- the self-repairing material 100 can be used as an underfill in fields such as mobile devices, outdoor devices, and medical devices (sterilized products). It can be used for audio, memory cards, steel sheets for automobiles, transportation infrastructure, etc.
- Figures 12 and 13 are schematic diagrams showing the experimental method. As shown in FIGS. 12 and 13, a first slide glass 201 was coated with gelatin 202 . The thickness of the gelatin 202 was set to 100 ⁇ m. Furthermore, a prescribed amount of adhesive 203 was applied onto the gelatin 202 , and the first slide glass 201 and the second slide glass 204 were adhered with the adhesive 203 . The thickness of the adhesive 203 was the thickness when the second slide glass 204 was crushed by its own weight (approximately 5 g). An epoxy adhesive or an acrylic adhesive was used as the adhesive 203 .
- FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram showing experimental results. When a predetermined force was applied, the gelatin 202 was destroyed (cohesion failure), and the first slide glass 201 and the second slide glass 204 were separated, as shown in the figure.
- the base material is an epoxy adhesive or an acrylic adhesive
- the first outer shell and the second outer shell are made of gelatin
- the base material and the first outer shell and the second outer shell are strongly bonded. It can be seen that the first outer shell and the second outer shell are cleaved by crack generation.
- FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram showing experimental results. When a predetermined force was applied, the interface between the first slide glass 205 and the adhesive 206 was peeled off, as shown in the figure.
- the base material is an epoxy adhesive or an acrylic adhesive
- the first outer shell and the second outer shell are made of glass, even if cracks occur, the first outer shell and the second outer shell and the base material It can be seen that the interface of is separated, and the first outer shell and the second outer shell are not cleaved.
- [Table 2] is a table showing the measurement results.
- gelatin 202 caused cohesive failure in the sample coated with gelatin 202 (VS. gelatin), and the sample without gelatin 202 coated (VS. glass).
- peeling occurred at the interface of the first slide glass 205 .
- FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram showing this experiment.
- a test piece 300 was produced as shown in FIG.
- the test piece 300 comprises a base material 301, a first capsule 302 and a second capsule 303, the base material 301 being cured.
- the base material 301 was an acrylic adhesive.
- the first capsule 302 was a capsule with an outer shell made of gelatin enclosing the SGA main ingredient
- the second capsule 303 was a capsule with an outer shell made of gelatin enclosing an SGA hardening agent.
- FIG. 17(b) when the test piece 300 was broken and the broken surface S was observed, cracked first capsules 302 and second capsules 303 were confirmed.
- FIG. 17(c) when the fracture surfaces S were brought together and pressed for a certain period of time, the state before fracture was restored as shown in FIG. 17(a). This is because the SGA main agent that has flowed out of the first capsule 302 and the SGA curing agent that has flowed out of the second capsule 303 react and harden.
- FIG. 18 is a schematic diagram showing this experiment. As shown in FIG. 18, the test piece 400 was alternately cooled and heated to shrink and expand. Cooling was -196°C for 15 seconds, heating was +90°C for 2 minutes, and the temperature difference was 286°C. The test piece 400 has the same configuration as the test piece 300 described above. Also, as a comparative example, a test piece 500 made of only the base material was produced, and the same temperature stress was applied. Taking cooling and heating as one cycle, the cumulative length of cracks (average of three cracks) was measured as the number of cycles increased.
- Fig. 19 is a graph showing the experimental results. As shown in the figure, in the case of the example (test piece 400), the cumulative length of cracks is significantly shorter than that of the comparative example (test piece 500), and the temperature stress of the example is 6 times that of the comparative example. was obtained.
- FIG. 20 is a schematic diagram showing the observation results of cracks in a comparative example (test piece 500). As shown in the figure, when a crack C occurs in the test piece 500 due to temperature stress, the crack C expands as the number of cycles increases, and the cumulative length of the crack gradually increases.
- FIG. 21 is a schematic diagram showing the observation results of cracks in the example (test piece 400).
- the crack C1 is repaired by the self-healing action.
- another crack C2 is generated at a position different from that of the crack C1.
- the existing cracks are not elongated and new cracks are generated, so that the increase in the cumulative crack length is suppressed.
- the life of the example (test piece 400) was significantly improved with respect to temperature stress.
- the self-repairing material was a mixture of the first capsule and the second capsule in the base material made of acrylic adhesive.
- the first capsule was a capsule with an outer shell made of gelatin enclosing the SGA main ingredient
- the second capsule was a capsule with an outer shell made of gelatin enclosing an SGA hardening agent.
- the coating area of the self-repairing material was 3 mm in diameter, and the blending amount of the first capsule and the second capsule was 20 wt % (weight percent concentration) in total with respect to the base material.
- the self-repairing material was a mixture of the first capsule and the second capsule in the base material made of acrylic adhesive.
- the first capsule was a capsule with an outer shell made of gelatin enclosing the SGA main ingredient
- the second capsule was a capsule with an outer shell made of gelatin enclosing an SGA hardening agent.
- the blending amount of the first capsule and the second capsule was 20 wt% (weight percent concentration) in total with respect to the base material.
- the present technology can also have the following configuration.
- a base material a first capsule having a flexible first shell and a first fluid enclosed in the first shell and mixed with the base material;
- a second fluid which has a flexible second shell and a second fluid contained in the second shell and hardened by contact with the first material, and mixed with the base material.
- a self-healing material comprising a capsule of (2)
- the self-repairing material according to (1) above, The first outer shell and the second outer shell are made of a material having an elastic modulus of 20 MPa or more and 85 MPa or less.
- a self-healing material are (3) The self-healing material according to (1) or (2) above, A self-healing material, wherein the first shell and the second shell are made of gelatin.
- the first fluid is an SGA (Second Generation Acrylic adhesive) main agent
- the second fluid is an SGA curing agent Self-healing material.
- the self-healing material according to (6) above, The first shell and the second shell are made of gelatin, Self-healing material, wherein the base material is an epoxy adhesive or an acrylic adhesive.
- the self-healing material according to (6) above, The first outer shell and the second outer shell are made of melamine, Self-healing material, wherein the base material is an epoxy adhesive or an acrylic adhesive.
- the self-healing material according to any one of (1) to (8) above, The base material is a self-repairing material having a Shore D hardness of 60 or more.
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Abstract
Description
上記第1のカプセルは、柔軟性を有する第1の外殻と、上記第1の外殻に内包された第1の流体とを有し、上記ベース材料に混合されている。
上記第2のカプセルは、柔軟性を有する第2の外殻と、上記第2の外殻に内包され、上記第1の材料との接触により硬化する第2の流体とを有し、上記ベース材料に混合されている。
図1は、本実施形態に係る自己修復性材料100の模式図である。同図に示すように自己修復性材料100はベース材料101、第1カプセル102及び第2カプセル103を備える。
第1外殻121及び第2外殻131は上記のように、弾性率が20MPa以上85MPa以下の材料からなり、具体的にはゼラチン(弾性率24MPa)又はメラミン(弾性率84MPa)からなるものとすることができる。なお、ゼラチンは耐熱処理が施された耐熱ゼラチンがより好適である。
第1流体122と第2流体132は、互いとの接触により硬化する。具体的には第1流体122はSGA(Second Generation Acrylic adhesive)主剤であり、第2流体122はSGA硬化剤であるものとすることができる。SGAはSGA主剤とSGA硬化剤の硬化可能な配合比率が1:9~9:1と広いため、好適である。
ベース材料101は、上記のように流動性を有し、硬化可能な材料とすることができる。具体的にはベース材料101は有機系接着剤とすることができ、例えばエポキシ系接着剤又はアクリル系接着剤とすることができる。ベース材料101は硬化時のショアD硬度が60以上の材料が好適である。これはショアD硬度が60未満の場合、後述するクラックが生じないためである。
自己修復性材料100の作用について説明する。自己修復性材料100は、ベース材料101が流動性を有する状態で接着対象物に塗布される。時間経過、又は加熱や紫外線照射等によりベース材料101が硬化すると自己修復性材料100によって接着対象物が接着される。
自己修復性材料100では、上記のように第1カプセル102は柔軟性を有する第1外殻121を備え、第2カプセル103は柔軟性を有する第2外殻131を備える。これにより、自己修復性材料100の製造時における配合攪拌や接着対象物への塗布の際に第1カプセル102及び第2カプセル103に応力が印加されても、第1カプセル102及び第2カプセル103が追従変形を生じ、破壊されない。
ベース材料101に対する第1カプセル102及び第2カプセル103の混合量は特に限定されないが、ベース材料101の接着剤としての特性を極力低下させず、微小なクラックを確実に修復させるためには、第1カプセル102及び第2カプセル103を合せて、ベース材料101に対して5%(V/V)(体積パーセント濃度、以下同じ)以上20%(V/V)以下の比率で混合すると好適であり、15%(V/V)以上20%(V/V)以下がより好適である。また、ベース材料101の特性に影響が出ない場合、又は影響を無視できる場合には第1カプセル102及び第2カプセル103を合せて20%(V/V)以上混合してもよい。
第1カプセル102及び第2カプセル103の粒径(カプセル直径)は、想定されるクラックの大きさに合わせて選定すると好適であり、想定されるクラックが大きい場合には粒径の大きなカプセルを用い、想定されるクラックが小さい場合には粒径の小さなカプセルを用いることができる。具体的には、第1カプセル102及び第2カプセル103の粒径は、想定されるクラックの大きさ(幅)に対して2倍以上10倍以下が好適であり、3倍以上5倍以下がより好適である。
自己修復性材料100は接着剤の他、充填剤として使用することも可能である。図7及び図8は充填剤として自己修復性材料100を用いた実装構造体150の模式図である。図7に示すように実装構造体150は基板151及び部品152から構成されている。基板151上には電極153が設けられ、部品152は半田ボール154により電極153に接合されている。基板151と部品152の間隙は例えば、幅100μmである。部品152は例えばBGA(ball grid array)又はCSP(chip size package)である。
本技術に係る自己修復性材料においてベース材料にクラックが生じた際、第1外殻及び第2外殻が開裂するか否かを実験により検証した。
本技術に係る自己修復性材料からなるテストピースを作製し、破断させた後に自己修復させる実験を行った。図17は、本実験を示す模式図である。図17(a)に示すようにテストピース300を作製した。テストピース300はベース材料301、第1カプセル302及び第2カプセル303を含み、ベース材料301は硬化されている。ベース材料301はアクリル系接着剤とした。第1カプセル302はゼラチンからなる外殻にSGA主剤を内包したカプセルとし、第2カプセル303はゼラチンからなる外殻にSGA硬化剤を内包したカプセルとした。
本技術に係る自己修復性材料からなるテストピース作製し、温度ストレスを印加する実験を行った。図18は、本実験を示す模式図である。図18に示すようにテストピース400に対して冷却及び加熱を交互に繰り返し、収縮及び膨張させた。冷却は-196℃、15秒間、加熱は+90℃、2分間とし、温度差は286℃とした。テストピース400は上記テストピース300と同一構成を有する。また、比較例として、ベース材料のみからなるテストピース500を作製し、同様の温度ストレスを印加した。冷却と加熱を1サイクルとして、サイクル数の増加に伴うクラックの累積長さ(3本のクラックの平均)を計測した。
本技術に係る自己修復性材料により2枚のガラスを接着し、自己修復性材料の引張剪断に要する力を測定する実験を行った。自己修復性材料はアクリル系接着剤からなるベース材料に第1カプセルと第2カプセルを混合したものとした。第1カプセルはゼラチンからなる外殻にSGA主剤を内包したカプセルとし、第2カプセルはゼラチンからなる外殻にSGA硬化剤を内包したカプセルとした。自己修復性材料の塗布面積は直径3mm、第1カプセル及び第2カプセルの配合量はベース材料に対して計20wt%(重量パーセント濃度)とした。
本技術に係る自己修復性材料を、1mgを1ショットとして塗布し、50ショット後の塗布された自己修復性材料の総重量を計測する実験を行った。自己修復性材料はアクリル系接着剤からなるベース材料に第1カプセルと第2カプセルを混合したものとした。第1カプセルはゼラチンからなる外殻にSGA主剤を内包したカプセルとし、第2カプセルはゼラチンからなる外殻にSGA硬化剤を内包したカプセルとした。第1カプセル及び第2カプセルの配合量はベース材料に対して計20wt%(重量パーセント濃度)とした。
本開示中に記載された効果はあくまで例示であって限定されるものでは無く、また他の効果があってもよい。上記の複数の効果の記載は、それらの効果が必ずしも同時に発揮されるということを意味しているのではない。条件等により、少なくとも上記した効果のいずれかが得られることを意味しており、本開示中に記載されていない効果が発揮される可能性もある。また、本開示において説明した特徴部分のうち、少なくとも2つの特徴部分を任意に組み合わせることも可能である。
(1)
ベース材料と、
柔軟性を有する第1の外殻と、上記第1の外殻に内包された第1の流体とを有し、上記ベース材料に混合された第1のカプセルと、
柔軟性を有する第2の外殻と、上記第2の外殻に内包され、上記第1の材料との接触により硬化する第2の流体とを有し、上記ベース材料に混合された第2のカプセルと
を具備する自己修復性材料。
(2)
上記(1)に記載の自己修復性材料であって、
上記第1の外殻及び上記第2の外殻は、弾性率が20MPa以上85MPa以下の材料からなる
自己修復性材料。
(3)
上記(1)又は(2)に記載の自己修復性材料であって、
上記第1の外殻及び上記第2の外殻は、ゼラチンからなる
自己修復性材料。
(4)
上記(1)又は(2)に記載の自己修復性材料であって、
上記第1の外殻及び上記第2の外殻は、メラミンからなる
自己修復性材料。
(5)
上記(1)から(4)のうちいずれか1つに記載の自己修復性材料であって、
上記第1の流体はSGA(Second Generation Acrylic adhesive)主剤であり、
上記第2の流体はSGA硬化剤である
自己修復性材料。
(6)
上記(1)から(5)のうちいずれか1つに記載の自己修復性材料であって、
上記ベース材料は上記第1の外殻及び上記第2の外殻と接合されている
自己修復性材料。
(7)
上記(6)に記載の自己修復性材料であって、
上記第1の外殻及び上記第2の外殻は、ゼラチンからなり、
上記ベース材料はエポキシ系接着剤又はアクリル系接着剤である
自己修復性材料。
(8)
上記(6)に記載の自己修復性材料であって、
上記第1の外殻及び上記第2の外殻は、メラミンからなり、
上記ベース材料はエポキシ系接着剤又はアクリル系接着剤である
自己修復性材料。
(9)
上記(1)から(8)のうちいずれか1つに記載の自己修復性材料であって、
上記ベース材料は、ショアD硬度が60以上の材料である
自己修復性材料。
(10)
上記(1)から(9)のうちいずれか1つに記載の自己修復性材料であって、
上記ベース材料に対する上記第1のカプセル及び上記第2のカプセルの混合量は、合わせて5%(V/V)以上20%(V/V)以下である
自己修復性材料。
101…ベース材料
102…第1カプセル
103…第2カプセル
121…第1外殻
122…第1流体
131…第2外殻
132…第2流体
Claims (10)
- ベース材料と、
柔軟性を有する第1の外殻と、前記第1の外殻に内包された第1の流体とを有し、前記ベース材料に混合された第1のカプセルと、
柔軟性を有する第2の外殻と、前記第2の外殻に内包され、前記第1の材料との接触により硬化する第2の流体とを有し、前記ベース材料に混合された第2のカプセルと
を具備する自己修復性材料。 - 請求項1に記載の自己修復性材料であって、
前記第1の外殻及び前記第2の外殻は、弾性率が20MPa以上85MPa以下の材料からなる
自己修復性材料。 - 請求項2に記載の自己修復性材料であって、
前記第1の外殻及び前記第2の外殻は、ゼラチンからなる
自己修復性材料。 - 請求項2に記載の自己修復性材料であって、
前記第1の外殻及び前記第2の外殻は、メラミンからなる
自己修復性材料。 - 請求項1に記載の自己修復性材料であって、
前記第1の流体はSGA(Second Generation Acrylic adhesive)主剤であり、
前記第2の流体はSGA硬化剤である
自己修復性材料。 - 請求項1に記載の自己修復性材料であって、
前記ベース材料は前記第1の外殻及び前記第2の外殻と接合されている
自己修復性材料。 - 請求項6に記載の自己修復性材料であって、
前記第1の外殻及び前記第2の外殻は、ゼラチンからなり、
前記ベース材料はエポキシ系接着剤又はアクリル系接着剤である
自己修復性材料。 - 請求項6に記載の自己修復性材料であって、
前記第1の外殻及び前記第2の外殻は、メラミンからなり、
前記ベース材料はエポキシ系接着剤又はアクリル系接着剤である
自己修復性材料。 - 請求項1に記載の自己修復性材料であって、
前記ベース材料は、ショアD硬度が60以上の材料である
自己修復性材料。 - 請求項1に記載の自己修復性材料であって、
前記ベース材料に対する前記第1のカプセル及び前記第2のカプセルの混合量は、合わせて5%(V/V)以上20%(V/V)以下である
自己修復性材料。
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2022
- 2022-01-11 CN CN202280018765.0A patent/CN116964155A/zh active Pending
- 2022-01-11 JP JP2023505147A patent/JPWO2022190609A1/ja active Pending
- 2022-01-11 US US18/549,103 patent/US20240150627A1/en active Pending
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