WO2022183731A1 - 低豆腥味低温脱脂豆粕的生产装置及其制备方法 - Google Patents

低豆腥味低温脱脂豆粕的生产装置及其制备方法 Download PDF

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WO2022183731A1
WO2022183731A1 PCT/CN2021/122730 CN2021122730W WO2022183731A1 WO 2022183731 A1 WO2022183731 A1 WO 2022183731A1 CN 2021122730 W CN2021122730 W CN 2021122730W WO 2022183731 A1 WO2022183731 A1 WO 2022183731A1
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low
soybean meal
enzyme
outlet
vacuum
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PCT/CN2021/122730
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English (en)
French (fr)
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时玉强
万华松
时秀芹
陶涛
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克东禹王大豆蛋白食品有限公司
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
    • A23L11/00—Pulses, i.e. fruits of leguminous plants, for production of food; Products from legumes; Preparation or treatment thereof
    • A23L11/05—Mashed or comminuted pulses or legumes; Products made therefrom
    • A23L11/07—Soya beans, e.g. oil-extracted soya bean flakes
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
    • A23L11/00—Pulses, i.e. fruits of leguminous plants, for production of food; Products from legumes; Preparation or treatment thereof
    • A23L11/30—Removing undesirable substances, e.g. bitter substances
    • A23L11/31—Removing undesirable substances, e.g. bitter substances by heating without chemical treatment, e.g. steam treatment, cooking
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
    • Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
    • Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production

Definitions

  • the application belongs to the technical field of soybean deep processing, and relates to a production device for soybean meal and a preparation method thereof, in particular to a production device for low-temperature defatted soybean meal with low beany flavor and a preparation method thereof.
  • soybean protein isolate With the continuous advancement of the production and development technology of soybean protein isolate, the application field of soybean protein isolate is becoming wider and wider, especially the meat products, vegetarian food and solid beverage products with soybean protein isolate as the main ingredient.
  • the excellent properties of soybean protein isolate provide the development of these foods with a dual guarantee of functionality and nutrition and health care. At the same time, it also puts forward higher requirements for the indicators of soybean protein isolate at all levels.
  • the raw material for preparing soybean protein isolate is soybean, and soybean itself exists. Its inherent flavor substances, among which the beany smell has become an important bottleneck restricting the development of soybean protein isolate. Therefore, the development of low beany smell soybean meal to promote the low beany smell soybean protein isolate product plays an important role in the development of soybean food in my country, but the present Some soybean meal preparation methods cannot completely solve the technical problem of soybean meal products having a beany smell.
  • the present application proposes a production device for low-temperature defatted soybean meal with low beany smell and a preparation method thereof.
  • the preparation method of low-temperature defatted soybean meal with low beany smell comprising:
  • Impurity screening the soybean raw material is subjected to impurity screening treatment
  • Raw material color sorting the soybean raw materials after the impurity screening treatment are subjected to color sorting processing with a color sorter to remove the mildewed grains and obtain the soybean grains after color sorting;
  • Drying drying the bean granules after the color selection, and adjusting the moisture content to 6-11% to obtain dry bean granules;
  • the dried bean grains are subjected to flap-cracking treatment with a flap-breaking mill to obtain watercress and bean skin, and the watercress is subjected to steam enzyme inactivation treatment at 85-90° C. for 2-15min;
  • Flash degassing use a flash degassing device to perform flash degassing treatment on the enzyme-inactivated douban to remove the beany smell;
  • Rolling and leaching the douban after the flash degassing treatment is rolled to obtain bean chips, and the bean chips are sequentially subjected to organic solvent extraction and hot air drying to obtain dry bean chips;
  • Vacuum desolvation the dried soybean flakes are subjected to two vacuum desolvation treatments to obtain low-temperature defatted soybean meal with low beany flavor.
  • the gas phase of the valve breaking mill is any one of nitrogen gas, carbon dioxide gas or argon gas.
  • the vacuum degree of the flash degassing treatment is 60-70Kpa, and the temperature is 70-82°C.
  • the steam enzyme inactivation treatment is specifically that the watercress is heated to 85-90° C. in a steam enzyme inactivator, and then treated in an enzyme inactivation tank for 2-15 minutes.
  • the thickness of the bean flakes is 0.3-0.7 mm
  • the temperature of the hot-air drying treatment is 100-110° C.
  • the vacuum degrees of the two vacuum desolvation treatments are both 6-7 Kpa.
  • the application also provides a device for producing low-temperature defatted soybean meal with low beany flavor, including the following devices arranged in sequence:
  • a drying tower connected to the discharge port of the screening and color sorting device
  • the broken valve mill is connected with the outlet of the drying tower through the air shutoff device;
  • the cyclone separation device is connected to the discharge port of the crushed valve
  • the steam enzyme inactivation device is connected to the discharge port of the cyclone separation device;
  • the flash degassing device is connected to the discharge port of the steam enzyme killing device
  • the rolling device is connected to the discharge port of the flash degassing device
  • the leaching and drying device is connected to the discharge port of the rolling device
  • the vacuum desolvation device is connected to the discharge port of the extraction and drying device.
  • the screening and color sorting device further includes a specific gravity sieve and a color sorter, a specific gravity screen feed port and a specific gravity screen discharge port are respectively provided at both ends of the specific gravity screen, and a color sorter is provided at both ends of the color sorter.
  • the feed port of the sorter and the discharge port of the color sorter, the feed port of the specific gravity sieve is connected with the conveying device, and the discharge port of the specific gravity screen is communicated with the feed port of the color sorter.
  • a drying tower inlet and a drying tower outlet are opened on both sides of the drying tower body, respectively, and a drying tower air outlet and a drying tower air inlet are opened at the top and bottom of the tower, respectively.
  • a first induced draft fan is installed, a heat exchanger is installed at the air inlet of the drying tower, and the heat exchanger is communicated with the blower;
  • the inlet of the drying tower is communicated with the outlet of the color sorter.
  • both ends of the crushing mill are provided with a crushing mill feed port and a crushing mill outlet, respectively, and a crushing mill air inlet is provided at the top of the crushing mill;
  • the cyclone separator is a cyclone separator.
  • the cyclone separator inlet is provided on one side of the cone of the cyclone separator.
  • the top and bottom of the cone are respectively provided with an air outlet of the cyclone separator and a discharge outlet of the cyclone separator.
  • a gas dehydration device is further provided between the broken valve mill and the cyclone, and the gas dehydration device further comprises a gas-liquid separator, a gas preparer communicated with the gas-liquid separator exhaust port, and A gas storage tank in communication with the exhaust port of the gas preparer;
  • the gas-liquid separator is communicated with the air outlet of the cyclone separation device through the second induced draft fan, and the gas storage tank is communicated with the air inlet of the crusher mill through a gas delivery pipeline, and a check valve is installed on the gas delivery pipeline.
  • the steam enzyme killing device further comprises a steam enzyme killing device and an enzyme killing tank, and a steam enzyme killing device feed port and a steam enzyme killing device discharge port are opened at both ends of the steam enzyme killing device.
  • the top and bottom of the tank are respectively provided with the feed port of the enzyme killing tank and the discharging port of the enzyme killing tank.
  • the feeding port of the steam enzyme killing device is connected with the discharging port of the cyclone separation device, and the discharging port of the steam enzyme killing device is connected with the feeding port of the enzyme killing tank. mouth connection.
  • the flash degassing device further comprises a flash degassing tank and a vacuum pump connected to the flash degassing tank, the top and bottom of the flash degassing tank are respectively provided with flash degassing tanks
  • the feed port of the gas device and the discharge port of the flash degassing device are communicated with the feed port of the flash degassing device and the discharge port of the enzyme killing tank.
  • the rolling device is a hydraulic roller press, and a feeding port of the rolling device and a discharging port of the rolling device are respectively provided at both ends of the hydraulic device;
  • the leaching and drying device further includes an extractor and a dryer, and the extractor inlet and the extractor outlet are respectively provided at both ends of the extractor, and the outlet of the rolling device is communicated with the extractor inlet, and is connected to the extractor at the cone of the dryer.
  • the two ends are respectively provided with a dryer inlet and a dryer outlet, and the extractor outlet is communicated with the dryer inlet.
  • the vacuum desolvation device further includes a first vacuum desolventizer and a second vacuum desolventizer, the first vacuum desolventizer is communicated with the outlet of the dryer, and the first vacuum desolventizer and the second vacuum desolventizer are in communication with the outlet of the dryer.
  • the two vacuum desolventizers are respectively connected to the first vacuum fan and the second vacuum fan.
  • the present application provides a preparation method of low-temperature defatted soybean meal with low beany smell.
  • the soybean raw material is subjected to impurity screening, raw material color sorting, drying, valve breaking and enzyme inactivation, flash degassing, rolling and leaching and extraction. Steps such as vacuum desolvation are finally prepared to obtain an ideal low-temperature defatted soybean meal with low beany smell;
  • the present application has mainly carried out the following improvements: on the one hand, by utilizing inert gas to isolate oxygen in the process of breaking the valve, preventing the oxidation of lipoxygenase in the soybean, And then reduce the production of beany smell substances in the production process of soybean meal; on the other hand, the present application utilizes a flash degassing device to perform flash degassing treatment on soybean raw materials, utilizes vacuum to reduce the boiling point of volatile organic compounds, and then removes volatile organic compounds, And then achieve the purpose of reducing the soy smell of soybean meal;
  • the application also provides a complete device for producing low-temperature defatted soybean meal with low beany flavor, which integrates impurity screening, color sorting, drying, valve breaking and enzyme inactivation, flash degassing, rolling and leaching. And the vacuum desolvation device is integrated, which has the advantages of simple assembly and high degree of automation, and the soybean meal prepared by the device has low beany smell and excellent quality.
  • Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the device for producing the low-temperature defatted soybean meal with low beany flavor provided by the embodiment of the application;
  • Fig. 2 is a partial enlarged view of the drying tower provided by the embodiment of the application;
  • Fig. 3 is a partial enlarged view of the broken valve mill, the gas dehydration device and the cyclone provided by the embodiment of the application.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a preparation method of low-temperature defatted soybean meal with low beany flavor, including:
  • impurity screening carry out the impurity screening treatment on the soybean raw material; for example, the specific gravity sieve 11 can be used for the screening treatment;
  • drying dry the bean granules after the color selection, and adjust the moisture to 6-11% to obtain dry bean granules;
  • valve breaking and enzyme inactivation the dried bean granules are subjected to a valve breaking treatment with a valve breaking mill 3 to obtain a watercress and a bean skin, and the watercress is subjected to a steam inactivation treatment at 85-90° C. for 2-15min;
  • flash degassing use the flash degassing device 7 to perform flash degassing treatment on the bean curd after deactivating the enzyme to remove the beany smell;
  • Vacuum desolvation after the dried bean flakes are subjected to two vacuum desolvation treatments, low-temperature defatted soybean meal with low beany flavor is obtained.
  • the gas phase of the valve breaking mill 3 is any one of nitrogen gas, carbon dioxide gas or argon gas.
  • the vacuum degree of the flash degassing treatment is 60-70Kpa, and the temperature is 70-82°C.
  • the steam inactivating enzyme treatment is specifically that the watercress is heated to 85-90° C. in the steam enzyme inactivating device 61, and then treated in the enzyme inactivating tank 62 for 2-15 min;
  • the thickness of the bean flakes after rolling is 0.3-0.7 mm;
  • the temperature of the hot air drying treatment is 100-110°C;
  • the vacuum degrees of the two vacuum desolvation treatments are both 6-7Kpa.
  • the application also provides a device for producing low-temperature defatted soybean meal with low beany flavor, including the following devices arranged in sequence:
  • Screening and color sorting device 1 used to remove impurities and mildew grains in soybean raw materials
  • the drying tower 2 is connected to the discharge port of the screening and color sorting device 1;
  • the broken valve mill 3 is communicated with the drying tower outlet 22 via the air shutoff device 28;
  • the cyclone separation device 4 is connected to the discharge port 32 of the crushing valve;
  • the steam enzyme killing device 6 is connected to the discharge port 413 of the cyclone separation device;
  • the flash degassing device 7 is connected to the discharge port of the steam enzyme killing device 6;
  • the rolling device 8 is connected to the outlet 712 of the flash degassing device
  • the leaching and drying device 9 is connected to the outlet 132 of the rolling device;
  • the vacuum precipitation device 10 is connected to the discharge port of the leaching and drying device 9 .
  • the screening and color sorting device 1 further includes a specific gravity sieve 11 and a color sorting machine 12, and a specific gravity screen feeding port 111 and a specific gravity screen discharging port 112 are respectively provided at both ends of the specific gravity screen 11, and the color sorting
  • the two ends of the machine 12 are respectively provided with a color sorter feed port 121 and a color sorter discharge port 122.
  • the specific gravity screen feed port 111 is connected to the conveying device 13, and the specific gravity screen discharge port 112 is connected with the color sorter feed port 121. Connected.
  • the drying tower inlet 21 and the drying tower outlet 22 are opened on both sides of the tower body of the drying tower 2, respectively, and the drying tower air outlet 23 and The air inlet 24 of the drying tower, a first induced draft fan 25 is installed at the air outlet 23 of the drying tower, and a heat exchanger 26 is installed at the air inlet 24 of the drying tower, and the heat exchanger 26 communicates with the blower 27;
  • the inlet 21 of the drying tower communicates with the outlet 122 of the color sorter.
  • the two ends of the crushing mill 3 are respectively provided with a crushing mill feed port 31 and a crushing mill outlet 32, and the top of the crushing mill 3 is provided with a crushing mill air inlet 33;
  • the cyclone separation device 4 is a cyclone separator 41, and a cyclone separation device inlet 411 is provided on one side of the cone of the cyclone separator 41, and a cyclone separation device air outlet 412 and a cyclone are respectively provided at the top and bottom of the cone.
  • the outlet 413 of the separation device is a cyclone separator 41, and a cyclone separation device inlet 411 is provided on one side of the cone of the cyclone separator 41, and a cyclone separation device air outlet 412 and a cyclone are respectively provided at the top and bottom of the cone.
  • the outlet 413 of the separation device is a cyclone separator 41, and a cyclone separation device inlet 411 is provided on one side of the cone of the cyclone separator 41, and a cyclone separation device air outlet 412 and a cyclone are respectively provided at the top and bottom of the cone.
  • a gas dehydration device 5 is further arranged between the valve crusher 3 and the cyclone separator 41 , and the gas dehydration device 5 further includes a gas-liquid separator 51 , a gas-liquid separator 51 , and a gas-liquid separator 51 .
  • a gas preparer 52 in communication with the exhaust port of the separator 51 and a gas storage tank 53 in communication with the exhaust port of the gas preparer 52;
  • the gas-liquid separator 51 is communicated with the air outlet 412 of the cyclone separation device through the second induced draft fan 55, and the gas storage tank 53 is communicated with the air inlet 33 of the crushing valve through the gas delivery pipeline, and a stopper is installed on the gas delivery pipeline. Return valve 54.
  • the steam enzyme killing device 6 further comprises a steam enzyme killing device 61 and an enzyme killing tank 62, and a steam enzyme killing device feeding port 611 and a steam enzyme killing device discharging port are opened at both ends of the steam enzyme killing device 61 Port 612, the top and bottom of the enzyme-killing tank 62 are respectively provided with an enzyme-killing tank feed port 621 and an enzyme-killing tank discharge port 622, the steam enzyme-killing device feeding port 611 is communicated with the cyclone separation device discharge port 413, and the steam is extinguished.
  • the discharge port 612 of the enzyme device communicates with the feed port 621 of the enzyme inactivation tank.
  • the flash degassing device 7 further includes a flash degassing tank 71 and a vacuum pump 72 connected to the flash degassing tank 71, the top and bottom of the flash degassing tank 71 are respectively opened
  • the feed port 711 of the flash degassing device and the discharge port 712 of the flash degassing device, the feed port 711 of the flash degassing device is communicated with the discharge port 622 of the enzyme killing tank;
  • the rolling device 8 is a hydraulic roller pressing machine 801, and the rolling device feeding port 81 and the rolling device discharging port 82 are respectively provided at both ends of the rolling device 8;
  • the extraction and drying device 9 further includes an extractor 91 and a dryer 92, and the extractor inlet 911 and the extractor outlet 912 are respectively provided at both ends of the extractor 91, and the rolling device outlet 82 and the extractor inlet are respectively provided. 911 is connected, and the dryer inlet 921 and the dryer outlet 922 are respectively opened at both ends of the dryer 92 cone, and the extractor outlet 912 is communicated with the dryer inlet 921;
  • the vacuum desolvation device 10 further includes a first vacuum desolventizer 101 and a second vacuum desolventizer 102, the first vacuum desolventizer 101 is communicated with the outlet 922 of the dryer, and the first vacuum desolventizer 101 and the second vacuum desolventizer 102 are in communication with each other.
  • the two vacuum desolventizers 102 are respectively connected to the first vacuum blower 103 and the second vacuum blower 104 .
  • This comparative example provides a preparation process of conventional low-temperature soybean meal, which specifically includes the following steps:
  • the soybean raw material is in a specific gravity sieve, and carries out the screening of impurities such as stones, pod weeds, etc., to obtain the soybean raw material after screening;
  • the dried bean seeds enter the valve breaking system. After the broken beans and bean skins exit the system from the valve breaking mill, they enter the cyclone separator through the inlet of the cyclone separator. Enzyme treatment, the specific treatment conditions are: under the condition of 85 °C, steam inactivating enzyme treatment for 30min;
  • the softened watercress is rolled into the hydraulic roller press, and the thickness of the bean slices is controlled to be 0.6 mm;
  • the dried soybean meal is put into the vacuum desolventizer, and the vacuum fan is used for vacuum desolvation, and the solvent is recovered, and the vacuum degree is controlled to 5kpa. , and recover the solvent, control the vacuum degree to 5kpa, and prepare the low-temperature soybean meal.
  • the present embodiment provides a method for producing soybean meal by utilizing a low-bean smell low-temperature defatted soybean meal production device, which specifically includes the following steps:
  • Impurity screening the soybean raw material enters the specific gravity sieve 11 through the specific gravity sieve feeding port 111, and carries out the screening of impurities such as stones, pods and weeds, and the sieved soybean raw material passes through the specific gravity sieve feeding port 112 and exits the specific gravity sieve 11;
  • the watercress enters the steam enzyme inactivator 61 through the discharge port 413 of the cyclone separation device.
  • the watercress is first rapidly heated to 90° C. in the steam enzyme inactivator 61, and then maintained in the enzyme inactivation tank 62 for 15 minutes.
  • the condensed water produced during the steam process is connected by The steam trap on the steam quencher 61 is discharged;
  • the bean flakes after the flash degassing treatment enter the hydraulic roller press 801 for rolling, and the thickness of the bean flakes is controlled to be 0.7 mm, and the bean flakes enter the horizontal dipping process through the extractor inlet 911 In the extractor, after leaching with an organic solvent, it enters the dryer 92 for drying at 110°C;
  • Vacuum desolvation the dried bean chips enter the first vacuum desolventizer 101, use the first vacuum blower 103 for vacuum desolvation, control the vacuum degree to 6Kpa, and recover the solvent, and then enter the second vacuum desolventizer 102 again Desolventizing, controlling the vacuum degree to 6Kpa, and recovering the solvent, the soybean flakes after two desolventizing treatments are low-temperature defatted soybean meal with low beany smell.
  • the present embodiment provides a method for producing soybean meal by utilizing a low-bean smell low-temperature defatted soybean meal production device, which specifically includes the following steps:
  • Impurity screening the soybean raw material enters the specific gravity sieve 11 through the specific gravity sieve feeding port 111, and carries out the screening of impurities such as stones, pods and weeds, and the sieved soybean raw material passes through the specific gravity sieve feeding port 112 and exits the specific gravity sieve 11;
  • the watercress enters the steam enzyme inactivator 61 through the discharge port 413 of the cyclone separation device.
  • the watercress is first rapidly heated to 88° C. in the steam enzyme inactivator 61, and then maintained in the enzyme inactivation tank 62 for 5 minutes.
  • the condensed water produced during the steam process is connected by The steam trap on the steam quencher 61 is discharged;
  • the bean flakes after the flash degassing treatment enter the hydraulic roller press 801 for rolling, and the thickness of the bean flakes is controlled to be 0.5 mm, and the bean flakes enter the horizontal immersion type through the extractor inlet 911 In the extractor, after leaching with an organic solvent, it enters the dryer 92 for drying at 105°C;
  • Vacuum desolvation The dried bean chips enter the first vacuum desolventizer 101, use the first vacuum fan 103 for vacuum desolvation, control the vacuum degree to be 7Kpa, and recover the solvent, then enter the second vacuum desolventizer 102 again Desolventizing, controlling the vacuum degree to 7Kpa, and recovering the solvent, the soybean flakes after two desolventizing treatments are low-temperature defatted soybean meal with low beany flavor.
  • the present embodiment provides a method for producing soybean meal by utilizing a low-temperature defatted soybean meal production device with low beany flavor, which specifically includes the following steps:
  • Impurity screening the soybean raw material enters the specific gravity sieve 11 through the specific gravity sieve feeding port 111, and carries out the screening of impurities such as stones, pods and weeds, and the sieved soybean raw material passes through the specific gravity sieve feeding port 112 and exits the specific gravity sieve 11;
  • the watercress enters the steam enzyme inactivator 61 through the discharge port 413 of the cyclone separation device.
  • the watercress is first rapidly heated to 87° C. in the steam enzyme inactivator 61, and then maintained in the enzyme inactivation tank 62 for 7 minutes.
  • the condensed water produced during the steam process is connected by The steam trap on the steam quencher 61 is discharged;
  • the bean flakes after the flash degassing treatment enter the hydraulic roller press 801 for rolling, and the thickness of the bean flakes is controlled to be 0.4 mm.
  • the extractor after leaching with an organic solvent, it enters the dryer 92 for drying at 108°C;
  • Vacuum desolvation the dried bean chips enter the first vacuum desolventizer 101, use the first vacuum blower 103 for vacuum desolvation, control the vacuum degree to 6Kpa, and recover the solvent, and then enter the second vacuum desolventizer 102 again Desolventizing, controlling the vacuum degree to 6Kpa, and recovering the solvent, the soybean flakes after two desolventizing treatments are low-temperature defatted soybean meal with low beany smell.
  • the present embodiment provides a method for producing soybean meal by utilizing a low-bean smell low-temperature defatted soybean meal production device, which specifically includes the following steps:
  • Impurity screening the soybean raw material enters the specific gravity sieve 11 through the specific gravity sieve feeding port 111, and carries out the screening of impurities such as stones, pods and weeds, and the sieved soybean raw material passes through the specific gravity sieve feeding port 112 and exits the specific gravity sieve 11;
  • the watercress enters the steam enzyme inactivator 61 through the discharge port 413 of the cyclone separation device.
  • the watercress is first rapidly heated to 85° C. in the steam enzyme inactivator 61, and then maintained in the enzyme inactivation tank 62 for 2 minutes.
  • the condensed water produced during the steam process is connected by The steam trap on the steam quencher 61 is discharged;
  • the bean flakes after the flash degassing treatment enter the hydraulic roller press 801 for rolling, and the thickness of the bean flakes is controlled to be 0.3 mm, and the bean flakes enter the horizontal immersion type through the extractor inlet 911 In the extractor, after leaching with an organic solvent, it enters the dryer 92 for drying at 100°C;
  • Vacuum desolvation The dried bean chips enter the first vacuum desolventizer 101, use the first vacuum fan 103 for vacuum desolvation, control the vacuum degree to be 7Kpa, and recover the solvent, then enter the second vacuum desolventizer 102 again Desolventizing, controlling the vacuum degree to 6Kpa, and recovering the solvent, the soybean flakes after two desolventizing treatments are low-temperature defatted soybean meal with low beany smell.
  • the present embodiment provides a method for producing soybean meal by utilizing a low-bean smell low-temperature defatted soybean meal production device, which specifically includes the following steps:
  • Impurity screening the soybean raw material enters the specific gravity sieve 11 through the specific gravity sieve feeding port 111, and carries out the screening of impurities such as stones, pods and weeds, and the sieved soybean raw material passes through the specific gravity sieve feeding port 112 and exits the specific gravity sieve 11;
  • the watercress enters the steam enzyme inactivator 61 through the discharge port 413 of the cyclone separation device.
  • the watercress is first rapidly heated to 90° C. in the steam enzyme inactivator 61, and then maintained in the enzyme inactivation tank 62 for 15 minutes.
  • the condensed water produced during the steam process is connected by The steam trap on the steam quencher 61 is discharged;
  • the bean flakes after the flash degassing treatment enter the hydraulic roller press 801 for rolling, and the thickness of the bean flakes is controlled to be 0.7 mm, and the bean flakes enter the horizontal dipping process through the extractor inlet 911 In the extractor, after leaching with an organic solvent, it enters the dryer 92 for drying at 110°C;
  • Vacuum desolvation The dried bean chips enter the first vacuum desolventizer 101, use the first vacuum fan 103 for vacuum desolvation, control the vacuum degree to be 7Kpa, and recover the solvent, then enter the second vacuum desolventizer 102 again Desolventizing, controlling the vacuum degree to 6Kpa, and recovering the solvent, the soybean flakes after two desolventizing treatments are low-temperature defatted soybean meal with low beany smell.
  • the present application has also carried out the evaluation of nitrogen solubility index, moisture content and beany smell for the soybean meal products obtained by the above-mentioned examples and comparative examples, and the test results are shown in the following table:
  • the low-temperature soybean meal prepared by the conventional preparation method provided by Comparative Example 1 still has the problem of heavier beany smell, and the production device and the low-temperature defatted soybean meal with low beany smell provided in the examples of the present application are utilized.
  • the low-temperature soybean meal prepared by the preparation method has the characteristics of ideal nitrogen solubility index and water content, and low beany smell. Therefore, the production device and its preparation method provided by the present application can completely solve the problem of serious beany smell in the production method of existing soybean meal products. , the low quality of soybean meal and other technical problems, has a very broad application prospect in the field of soybean deep processing.

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Abstract

一种低豆腥味低温脱脂豆粕的生产装置及制备方法，属于大豆深加工技术领域，能够解决现有豆粕制品的生产方法存在豆腥味严重、豆粕品质低等的技术问题。制备方法包括：(1)杂质筛分；(2)原料色选；(3)干燥；(4)破瓣与灭酶；(5)闪蒸脱气；(6)辊压与浸提；(7)真空脱溶，其中，蒸汽灭酶处理具体为豆瓣于蒸汽灭酶器中升温至85-90℃后，再于灭酶罐中处理2-15min。利用提供的生产装置及制备方法制得的豆粕具有低豆腥味等特点。能够应用于低豆腥味脱脂豆粕制备方面。

Description

低豆腥味低温脱脂豆粕的生产装置及其制备方法
本申请要求在2021年03月05日提交中国专利局、申请号为202110243430.6、申请名称为“低豆腥味低温脱脂豆粕的生产装置及其制备方法”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请属于大豆深加工技术领域，涉及一种豆粕的生产装置及其制备方法，尤其涉及一种低豆腥味低温脱脂豆粕的生产装置及其制备方法。
背景技术
随着大豆分离蛋白的生产与开发技术的不断进步，大豆分离蛋白的应用领域越来越广，特别是以大豆分离蛋白为主要配料的肉制品、素食和固体饮料产品。大豆分离蛋白的优异性质给这些食品的发展提供了功能性和营养保健双重保证，同时也对大豆分离蛋白各个层面的指标提出了更高的要求，制备大豆分离蛋白的原料是大豆，大豆本身存在其固有的风味物质，其中豆腥味成为制约大豆分离蛋白发展的重要瓶颈，因此，开发低豆腥味的豆粕以促进低豆腥味大豆分离蛋白产品对我国大豆食品发展有重要作用，但是现有的豆粕制备方法均无法彻底解决豆粕制品存在豆腥味的技术问题。
因此，如何通过优化工艺等措施制备得到一种低豆腥味豆粕制品对于本领域技术人员而言是一项重要的研究课题。
发明内容
本申请针对现有豆粕制品的生产方法存在豆腥味严重、豆粕品质低等的技术问题，提出一种低豆腥味低温脱脂豆粕的生产装置及其制备方法。
为了达到上述目的，本申请采用的技术方案为：
低豆腥味低温脱脂豆粕的制备方法，包括：
杂质筛分：对大豆原料进行杂质筛分处理；
原料色选：对杂质筛分处理后的大豆原料用色选机进行色选处理，以除去霉变粒，得色选后的豆粒；
干燥：对所述色选后的豆粒进行干燥处理，并将水分调节至6-11％，得干燥豆粒；
破瓣与灭酶：用破瓣磨对干燥豆粒进行破瓣处理，得到豆瓣和豆皮，所述豆瓣于85-90℃条件下蒸汽灭酶处理2-15min；
闪蒸脱气：使用闪蒸脱气装置对灭酶后的豆瓣进行闪蒸脱气处理，以脱除豆腥味；
辊压与浸提：闪蒸脱气处理后的豆瓣进行辊压得到豆片，所述豆片依次进行有机溶剂浸提、热风干燥处理，得干燥豆片；
真空脱溶：所述干燥豆片经两次真空脱溶处理后，制得低豆腥味低温脱脂豆粕。
在一些实施例中，在所述破瓣与灭酶步骤中，破瓣磨的气相为氮气、二氧化碳或氩气中的任意一种。
在一些实施例中，在所述闪蒸脱气步骤中，闪蒸脱气处理的真空度为60-70Kpa，温度为70-82℃。
在一些实施例中，蒸汽灭酶处理具体为豆瓣于蒸汽灭酶器中升温至85-90℃后，再于灭酶罐中处理2-15min。
在一些实施例中，所述豆片厚度为0.3-0.7mm，热风干燥处理的温度为100-110℃，两次真空脱溶处理的真空度均为6-7Kpa。
本申请还提供了一种生产低豆腥味低温脱脂豆粕的装置，包括依次设置 的以下装置：
筛分与色选装置，用于去除大豆原料中的杂质和霉变粒；
干燥塔，连通所述筛分与色选装置的出料口；
破瓣磨，经由关风器与干燥塔出料口连通；
旋风分离装置，连通破瓣磨出料口；
蒸汽灭酶装置，连通旋风分离装置出料口；
闪蒸脱气装置，连通蒸汽灭酶装置的出料口；
辊压装置，连通闪蒸脱气装置出料口；
浸提与干燥装置，连通辊压装置出料口；
真空脱溶装置，连通浸提与干燥装置的出料口。
在一些实施例中，所述筛分与色选装置进一步包括比重筛和色选机，在比重筛两端分别开设比重筛进料口和比重筛出料口，色选机两端分别开设色选机进料口和色选机出料口，所述比重筛进料口与传送装置连接，比重筛出料口与色选机进料口连通。
在一些实施例中，所述干燥塔塔体两侧分别开设干燥塔进料口和干燥塔出料口，塔顶和塔底分别开设干燥塔出风口和干燥塔进风口，在干燥塔出风口安装第一引风机，干燥塔进风口安装换热器，所述换热器与鼓风机连通；
所述干燥塔进料口与色选机出料口连通。
在一些实施例中，所述破瓣磨两端分别开设破瓣磨进料口和破瓣磨出料口，破瓣磨顶部开设破瓣磨进风口；
旋风分离装置为旋风分离器，在所述旋风分离器锥体一侧开设旋风分离装置进口，锥体顶部和底部分别开设旋风分离装置排风口和旋风分离装置出料口。
在一些实施例中，在所述破瓣磨和旋风分离器之间还设置气体脱水装置，所述气体脱水装置进一步包括气液分离器、与气液分离器排气口连通的气体制备器以及与气体制备器排气口连通的储气罐；
其中，所述气液分离器通过第二引风机与旋风分离装置排风口连通，储气罐通过气体输送管道与破瓣磨进风口连通，并在气体输送管道上安装止回阀。
在一些实施例中，所述蒸汽灭酶装置进一步包括蒸汽灭酶器和灭酶罐，在蒸汽灭酶器两端开设蒸汽灭酶器进料口和蒸汽灭酶器出料口，灭酶罐罐体顶部和底部分别开设灭酶罐进料口和灭酶罐出料口，蒸汽灭酶器进料口与旋风分离装置出料口连通，蒸汽灭酶器出料口与灭酶罐进料口连通。
在一些实施例中，所述闪蒸脱气装置进一步包括闪蒸脱气罐和与所述闪蒸脱气罐连接的真空泵，所述闪蒸脱气罐罐体顶部和底部分别开设闪蒸脱气装置进料口和闪蒸脱气装置出料口，闪蒸脱气装置进料口与灭酶罐出料口连通。
在一些实施例中，所述辊压装置为液压辊压机，在液压装置两端分别开设辊压装置进料口和辊压装置出料口；
浸提与干燥装置进一步包括浸提器和干燥器，在浸提器两端分别开设浸提器进口和浸提器出口，辊压装置出料口与浸提器进口连通，在干燥器锥体两端分别开设干燥器进料口和干燥器出料口，浸提器出口与干燥器进料口连通。
在一些实施例中，所述真空脱溶装置进一步包括第一真空脱溶器和第二真空脱溶器，第一真空脱溶器与干燥器出料口连通，第一真空脱溶器和第二真空脱溶器分别连接第一真空风机和第二真空风机。
与现有技术相比，本申请的优点和积极效果在于：
1、本申请提供了一种低豆腥味低温脱脂豆粕的制备方法，大豆原料依次经过杂质筛分、原料色选、干燥、破瓣与灭酶、闪蒸脱气、辊压与浸提以及真空脱溶等步骤，最终制备得到一款理想的低豆腥味低温脱脂豆粕；
2、本申请为了解决现有豆粕制备工艺中存在豆腥味重的问题，主要进行了以下改进：一方面，通过在破瓣过程中利用惰性气体隔绝氧气，防止大豆中的脂肪氧化酶氧化，进而减少豆粕生产过程中豆腥味物质的产生；另一方面，本申请利用闪蒸脱气装置对大豆原料进行闪蒸脱气处理，利用真空降低挥发性有机物的沸点，进而脱出挥发性有机物，进而达到降低豆粕豆腥味的目的；
3、本申请还提供了一套完整的生产低豆腥味低温脱脂豆粕的装置，该装置集杂质筛分、色选、干燥、破瓣与灭酶、闪蒸脱气、辊压与浸提以及真空脱溶装置于一体，具有组装简便、自动化程度高，利用该装置制备得到的豆粕豆腥味低，品质优异。
附图说明
图1为本申请实施例所提供的生产低豆腥味低温脱脂豆粕的装置的示意图；
图2为本申请实施例所提供的干燥塔的局部放大图；
图3为本申请实施例所提供的破瓣磨、气体脱水装置和旋风分离器的局部放大图。
以上各图中：
1、筛分与色选装置；11、比重筛；111、比重筛进料口；112、比重筛出料口；12、色选机；121、色选机进料口；122、色选机出料口；2、干燥塔； 21、干燥塔进料口；22、干燥塔出料口；23、干燥塔出风口；24、干燥塔进风口；25、第一引风机；26、换热器；27、鼓风机；28、关风器；3、破瓣磨；31、破瓣磨进料口；32、破瓣磨出料口；33、破瓣磨进风口；4、旋风分离装置；41、旋风分离器；411、旋风分离装置进口；412、旋风分离装置排风口；413、旋风分离装置出料口；5、气体脱水装置；51、气液分离器；52、气体制备器；53、储气罐；54、止回阀；55、第二引风机；6、蒸汽灭酶装置；61、蒸汽灭酶器；611、蒸汽灭酶器进料口；612、蒸汽灭酶器出料口；62、灭酶罐；621、灭酶罐进料口；622、灭酶罐出料口；7、闪蒸脱气装置；71、闪蒸脱气罐；711、闪蒸脱气装置进料口；712、闪蒸脱气装置出料口；72、真空泵；8、辊压装置；801、液压辊压机；81、辊压装置进料口；82、辊压装置出料口；9、浸提与干燥装置；91、浸提器；911、浸提器进口；912、浸提器出口；92、干燥器；921、干燥器进料口；922、干燥器出料口；10、真空脱溶装置；101、第一真空脱溶器；102、第二真空脱溶器；103、第一真空风机；104、第二真空风机。
具体实施方式
下面将对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
本申请实施例提供了一种低豆腥味低温脱脂豆粕的制备方法，包括：
S1、杂质筛分：对大豆原料进行杂质筛分处理；例如，可选用比重筛11进行筛分处理；
S2、原料色选：对杂质筛分处理后的大豆原料用色选机12进行色选处理，以除去霉变粒，得色选后的豆粒；
S3、干燥：对所述色选后的豆粒进行干燥处理，并将水分调节至6-11％，得干燥豆粒；
S4、破瓣与灭酶：用破瓣磨3对干燥豆粒进行破瓣处理，得到豆瓣和豆皮，所述豆瓣于85-90℃条件下蒸汽灭酶处理2-15min；
S5、闪蒸脱气：使用闪蒸脱气装置7对灭酶后的豆瓣进行闪蒸脱气处理，以脱除豆腥味；
S6、辊压与浸提：闪蒸脱气处理后的豆瓣进行辊压得到豆片，所述豆片依次进行有机溶剂浸提、热风干燥处理，得干燥豆片；
S7、真空脱溶：所述干燥豆片经两次真空脱溶处理后，制得低豆腥味低温脱脂豆粕。
在一些实施例中，在所述破瓣与灭酶步骤中，破瓣磨3的气相为氮气、二氧化碳或氩气中的任意一种。
在一些实施例中，在所述闪蒸脱气步骤中，闪蒸脱气处理的真空度为60-70Kpa，温度为70-82℃。
在一些实施例中，蒸汽灭酶处理具体为豆瓣于蒸汽灭酶器61中升温至85-90℃后，再于灭酶罐62中处理2-15min；
在一些实施例中，经辊压后豆片厚度为0.3-0.7mm；
在一些实施例中，热风干燥处理的温度为100-110℃；
在一些实施例中，两次真空脱溶处理的真空度均为6-7Kpa。
本申请还提供了一种生产低豆腥味低温脱脂豆粕的装置，包括依次设置的以下装置：
筛分与色选装置1，用于去除大豆原料中的杂质和霉变粒；
干燥塔2，连通所述筛分与色选装置1的出料口；
破瓣磨3，经由关风器28与干燥塔出料口22连通；
旋风分离装置4，连通破瓣磨出料口32；
蒸汽灭酶装置6，连通旋风分离装置出料口413；
闪蒸脱气装置7，连通蒸汽灭酶装置6的出料口；
辊压装置8，连通闪蒸脱气装置出料口712；
浸提与干燥装置9，连通辊压装置出料口132；
真空脱溶装置10，连通浸提与干燥装置9的出料口。
在一些实施例中，所述筛分与色选装置1进一步包括比重筛11和色选机12，在比重筛11两端分别开设比重筛进料口111和比重筛出料口112，色选机12两端分别开设色选机进料口121和色选机出料口122，所述比重筛进料口111与传送装置13连接，比重筛出料口112与色选机进料口121连通。
在一些实施例中，如图2所示，所述干燥塔2塔体两侧分别开设干燥塔进料口21和干燥塔出料口22，塔顶和塔底分别开设干燥塔出风口23和干燥塔进风口24，在干燥塔出风口23安装第一引风机25，干燥塔进风口24安装换热器26，所述换热器26与鼓风机27连通；
所述干燥塔进料口21与色选机出料口122连通。
在一些实施例中，所述破瓣磨3两端分别开设破瓣磨进料口31和破瓣磨出料口32，破瓣磨3顶部开设破瓣磨进风口33；
在一些实施例中，旋风分离装置4为旋风分离器41，在所述旋风分离器41锥体一侧开设旋风分离装置进口411，锥体顶部和底部分别开设旋风分离装置排风口412和旋风分离装置出料口413。
在一些实施例中，如图3所示，在所述破瓣磨3和旋风分离器41之间还设置气体脱水装置5，所述气体脱水装置5进一步包括气液分离器51、与气液分离器51排气口连通的气体制备器52以及与气体制备器52排气口连通的储气罐53；
其中，所述气液分离器51通过第二引风机55与旋风分离装置排风口412连通，储气罐53通过气体输送管道与破瓣磨进风口33连通，并在气体输送管道上安装止回阀54。
在一些实施例中，所述蒸汽灭酶装置6进一步包括蒸汽灭酶器61和灭酶罐62，在蒸汽灭酶器61两端开设蒸汽灭酶器进料口611和蒸汽灭酶器出 料口612，灭酶罐62罐体顶部和底部分别开设灭酶罐进料口621和灭酶罐出料口622，蒸汽灭酶器进料口611与旋风分离装置出料口413连通，蒸汽灭酶器出料口612与灭酶罐进料口621连通。
在一些实施例中，闪蒸脱气装置7进一步包括闪蒸脱气罐71和与所述闪蒸脱气罐71连接的真空泵72，所述闪蒸脱气罐71罐体顶部和底部分别开设闪蒸脱气装置进料口711和闪蒸脱气装置出料口712，闪蒸脱气装置进料口711与灭酶罐出料口622连通；
辊压装置8为液压辊压机801，在辊压装置8两端分别开设辊压装置进料口81和辊压装置出料口82；
浸提与干燥装置9进一步包括浸提器91和干燥器92，在浸提器91两端分别开设浸提器进口911和浸提器出口912，辊压装置出料口82与浸提器进口911连通，在干燥器92锥体两端分别开设干燥器进料口921和干燥器出料口922，浸提器出口912与干燥器进料口921连通；
所述真空脱溶装置10进一步包括第一真空脱溶器101和第二真空脱溶器102，第一真空脱溶器101与干燥器出料口922连通，第一真空脱溶器101和第二真空脱溶器102分别连接第一真空风机103和第二真空风机104。
为了更清楚详细地介绍本申请实施例所提供的低豆腥味低温脱脂豆粕的生产装置及其制备方法，下面将结合具体实施例进行描述。
对比例1
本对比例提供了一种常规低温豆粕的制备工艺，具体包括如下步骤：
(1)大豆原料于比重筛中，进行石子、豆荚杂草等杂质的筛分，得到筛分后的大豆原料；
(2)对杂质筛分处理后的大豆原料经色选机进行色选处理，除去霉变粒和色变粒；
(3)色选后的豆粒进入干燥塔中，通过鼓风机，将被换热器加热的热风，经由干燥塔进风口进入干燥塔，调整大豆的水分在8％，干燥后的风经 由风道出口，由引风机排出干燥塔，干燥后的大豆经由干燥塔出口排出系统，进入破瓣系统；
(4)干燥豆粒进入破瓣系统，破瓣后豆瓣和豆皮从破瓣磨出口出系统后，经由旋风分离器进口进入旋风分离器，豆瓣经由关风器进入蒸汽灭酶系统，进行蒸汽灭酶处理,其具体处理条件为：于85℃条件下，蒸汽灭酶处理30min；
(5)灭酶处理后的豆瓣进入软化系统，82℃软化；
(6)软化后的豆瓣进入液压辊压机中进行辊压，控制豆片厚度在0.6mm；
(7)压片后的豆片进入平转式浸提器中，通过使用有机溶剂浸提获得混合油回收进入植物油浸提系统，脱脂豆粕进入中蒸汽加热装置中160℃加热，加热后120℃热风干燥；
(8)干燥后的豆粕进入真空脱溶器中，利用真空风机真空脱溶，并回收溶剂,控制真空度为5kpa，脱除一次后,再利用真空脱溶器中，利用真空风机真空脱溶，并回收溶剂,控制真空度为5kpa，制备得到低温豆粕。
实施例1
本实施例提供了一种利用低豆腥味低温脱脂豆粕生产装置生产豆粕的方法，具体包括如下步骤：
(1)杂质筛分：大豆原料经比重筛进料口111进入比重筛11中，进行石子、豆荚杂草等杂质的筛分，筛分后的大豆原料经比重筛进料口112出比重筛11；
(2)原料色选：对杂质筛分处理后的大豆原料经色选机进料口121进入色选机12进行色选处理，除去霉变粒，经色选后的豆粒经色选机出料口122出色选机12；
(3)干燥：色选后的豆粒经干燥塔进料口21进入干燥塔2中，经鼓风机36将被换热器35加热的热风通过干燥塔进风口24进入干燥塔2内，并将大豆原料的水分调节在11％，干燥处理后的风由第一引风机25从干燥塔出风口23排出，干燥豆粒经干燥塔进料口22出干燥塔2；
(4)破瓣与灭酶：干燥豆粒经破瓣磨进料口31进入破瓣磨3中，破瓣磨3的气相为氮气，干燥豆粒在破瓣磨3中破瓣处理，得到豆皮和豆瓣，豆瓣经破瓣磨出料口32出破瓣磨3，再经旋风分离装置进口411进入旋风分离器41中；
氮气进入破瓣磨3后经由旋风分离装置进口411进入旋风分离器41中，再通过第二引风机55将氮气从旋风分离装置排风口412排出，并依次进入气液分离器51进行脱水处理，脱水后的氮气经气体制备器52回收氮气，回收后的氮气进入储气罐53中储存，循环利用，在使用时氮气经止回阀54进入破瓣磨3中；
豆瓣经旋风分离装置出料口413进入蒸汽灭酶器61中，豆瓣先在蒸汽灭酶器61迅速升温至90℃，然后在灭酶罐62中维持15min，蒸汽过程中产生的冷凝水由连接在蒸汽灭酶器61上的疏水器排出；
(5)闪蒸脱气：灭酶后的豆瓣经闪蒸脱气装置进料口711进入闪蒸脱气罐71，利用真空泵72将闪蒸脱气罐71中的真空度控制在70Kpa，温度控制在82℃；
(6)辊压与浸提：闪蒸脱气处理后的豆瓣进入液压辊压机801中进行辊压，并控制豆片厚度为0.7mm，豆片经浸提器进口911进入平转式浸提器中，通过使用有机溶剂浸提后，再进入干燥器92于110℃条件下进行干燥处理；
(7)真空脱溶：干燥豆片进入第一真空脱溶器101中，利用第一真空风机103真空脱溶，控制真空度为6Kpa，并回收溶剂，随后进入第二真空脱溶器102再次脱溶，控制真空度为6Kpa，并回收溶剂，经两次脱溶处理后的豆片即为低豆腥味低温脱脂豆粕。
实施例2
本实施例提供了一种利用低豆腥味低温脱脂豆粕生产装置生产豆粕的方法，具体包括如下步骤：
(1)杂质筛分：大豆原料经比重筛进料口111进入比重筛11中，进行 石子、豆荚杂草等杂质的筛分，筛分后的大豆原料经比重筛进料口112出比重筛11；
(2)原料色选：对杂质筛分处理后的大豆原料经色选机进料口121进入色选机12进行色选处理，除去霉变粒，经色选后的豆粒经色选机出料口122出色选机12；
(3)干燥：色选后的豆粒经干燥塔进料口21进入干燥塔2中，经鼓风机36将被换热器35加热的热风通过干燥塔进风口24进入干燥塔2内，并将大豆原料的水分调节在9％，干燥处理后的风由第一引风机25从干燥塔出风口23排出，干燥豆粒经干燥塔进料口22出干燥塔2；
(4)破瓣与灭酶：干燥豆粒经破瓣磨进料口31进入破瓣磨3中，破瓣磨3的气相为氮气，干燥豆粒在破瓣磨3中破瓣处理，得到豆皮和豆瓣，豆瓣经破瓣磨出料口32出破瓣磨3，再经旋风分离装置进口411进入旋风分离器41中；
氮气进入破瓣磨3后经由旋风分离装置进口411进入旋风分离器41中，再通过第二引风机55将氮气从旋风分离装置排风口412排出，并依次进入气液分离器51进行脱水处理，脱水后的氮气经气体制备器52回收氮气，回收后的氮气进入储气罐53中储存，循环利用，在使用时氮气经止回阀54进入破瓣磨3中；
豆瓣经旋风分离装置出料口413进入蒸汽灭酶器61中，豆瓣先在蒸汽灭酶器61迅速升温至88℃，然后在灭酶罐62中维持5min，蒸汽过程中产生的冷凝水由连接在蒸汽灭酶器61上的疏水器排出；
(5)闪蒸脱气：灭酶后的豆瓣经闪蒸脱气装置进料口711进入闪蒸脱气罐71，利用真空泵72将闪蒸脱气罐71中的真空度控制在65Kpa，温度控制在73℃；
(6)辊压与浸提：闪蒸脱气处理后的豆瓣进入液压辊压机801中进行辊压，并控制豆片厚度为0.5mm，豆片经浸提器进口911进入平转式浸提器中，通过使用有机溶剂浸提后，再进入干燥器92于105℃条件下进行干燥 处理；
(7)真空脱溶：干燥豆片进入第一真空脱溶器101中，利用第一真空风机103真空脱溶，控制真空度为7Kpa，并回收溶剂，随后进入第二真空脱溶器102再次脱溶，控制真空度为7Kpa，并回收溶剂，经两次脱溶处理后的豆片即为低豆腥味低温脱脂豆粕。
实施例3
本实施例提供了一种利用低豆腥味低温脱脂豆粕生产装置生产豆粕的方法，具体包括如下步骤：
(1)杂质筛分：大豆原料经比重筛进料口111进入比重筛11中，进行石子、豆荚杂草等杂质的筛分，筛分后的大豆原料经比重筛进料口112出比重筛11；
(2)原料色选：对杂质筛分处理后的大豆原料经色选机进料口121进入色选机12进行色选处理，除去霉变粒，经色选后的豆粒经色选机出料口122出色选机12；
(3)干燥：色选后的豆粒经干燥塔进料口21进入干燥塔2中，经鼓风机36将被换热器35加热的热风通过干燥塔进风口24进入干燥塔2内，并将大豆原料的水分调节在9％，干燥处理后的风由第一引风机25从干燥塔出风口23排出，干燥豆粒经干燥塔进料口22出干燥塔2；
(4)破瓣与灭酶：干燥豆粒经破瓣磨进料口31进入破瓣磨3中，破瓣磨3的气相为氮气，干燥豆粒在破瓣磨3中破瓣处理，得到豆皮和豆瓣，豆瓣经破瓣磨出料口32出破瓣磨3，再经旋风分离装置进口411进入旋风分离器41中；
氮气进入破瓣磨3后经由旋风分离装置进口411进入旋风分离器41中，再通过第二引风机55将氮气从旋风分离装置排风口412排出，并依次进入气液分离器51进行脱水处理，脱水后的氮气经气体制备器52回收氮气，回收后的氮气进入储气罐53中储存，循环利用，在使用时氮气经止回阀54进入破瓣磨3中；
豆瓣经旋风分离装置出料口413进入蒸汽灭酶器61中，豆瓣先在蒸汽灭酶器61迅速升温至87℃，然后在灭酶罐62中维持7min，蒸汽过程中产生的冷凝水由连接在蒸汽灭酶器61上的疏水器排出；
(5)闪蒸脱气：灭酶后的豆瓣经闪蒸脱气装置进料口711进入闪蒸脱气罐71，利用真空泵72将闪蒸脱气罐71中的真空度控制在60Kpa，温度控制在81℃；
(6)辊压与浸提：闪蒸脱气处理后的豆瓣进入液压辊压机801中进行辊压，并控制豆片厚度为0.4mm，豆片经浸提器进口911进入平转式浸提器中，通过使用有机溶剂浸提后，再进入干燥器92于108℃条件下进行干燥处理；
(7)真空脱溶：干燥豆片进入第一真空脱溶器101中，利用第一真空风机103真空脱溶，控制真空度为6Kpa，并回收溶剂，随后进入第二真空脱溶器102再次脱溶，控制真空度为6Kpa，并回收溶剂，经两次脱溶处理后的豆片即为低豆腥味低温脱脂豆粕。
实施例4
本实施例提供了一种利用低豆腥味低温脱脂豆粕生产装置生产豆粕的方法，具体包括如下步骤：
(1)杂质筛分：大豆原料经比重筛进料口111进入比重筛11中，进行石子、豆荚杂草等杂质的筛分，筛分后的大豆原料经比重筛进料口112出比重筛11；
(2)原料色选：对杂质筛分处理后的大豆原料经色选机进料口121进入色选机12进行色选处理，除去霉变粒，经色选后的豆粒经色选机出料口122出色选机12；
(3)干燥：色选后的豆粒经干燥塔进料口21进入干燥塔2中，经鼓风机36将被换热器35加热的热风通过干燥塔进风口24进入干燥塔2内，并将大豆原料的水分调节在6％，干燥处理后的风由第一引风机25从干燥塔出风口23排出，干燥豆粒经干燥塔进料口22出干燥塔2；
(4)破瓣与灭酶：干燥豆粒经破瓣磨进料口31进入破瓣磨3中，破瓣磨3的气相为氮气，干燥豆粒在破瓣磨3中破瓣处理，得到豆皮和豆瓣，豆瓣经破瓣磨出料口32出破瓣磨3，再经旋风分离装置进口411进入旋风分离器41中；
氮气进入破瓣磨3后经由旋风分离装置进口411进入旋风分离器41中，再通过第二引风机55将氮气从旋风分离装置排风口412排出，并依次进入气液分离器51进行脱水处理，脱水后的氮气经气体制备器52回收氮气，回收后的氮气进入储气罐53中储存，循环利用，在使用时氮气经止回阀54进入破瓣磨3中；
豆瓣经旋风分离装置出料口413进入蒸汽灭酶器61中，豆瓣先在蒸汽灭酶器61迅速升温至85℃，然后在灭酶罐62中维持2min，蒸汽过程中产生的冷凝水由连接在蒸汽灭酶器61上的疏水器排出；
(5)闪蒸脱气：灭酶后的豆瓣经闪蒸脱气装置进料口711进入闪蒸脱气罐71，利用真空泵72将闪蒸脱气罐71中的真空度控制在60Kpa，温度控制在70℃；
(6)辊压与浸提：闪蒸脱气处理后的豆瓣进入液压辊压机801中进行辊压，并控制豆片厚度为0.3mm，豆片经浸提器进口911进入平转式浸提器中，通过使用有机溶剂浸提后，再进入干燥器92于100℃条件下进行干燥处理；
(7)真空脱溶：干燥豆片进入第一真空脱溶器101中，利用第一真空风机103真空脱溶，控制真空度为7Kpa，并回收溶剂，随后进入第二真空脱溶器102再次脱溶，控制真空度为6Kpa，并回收溶剂，经两次脱溶处理后的豆片即为低豆腥味低温脱脂豆粕。
实施例5
本实施例提供了一种利用低豆腥味低温脱脂豆粕生产装置生产豆粕的方法，具体包括如下步骤：
(1)杂质筛分：大豆原料经比重筛进料口111进入比重筛11中，进行 石子、豆荚杂草等杂质的筛分，筛分后的大豆原料经比重筛进料口112出比重筛11；
(2)原料色选：对杂质筛分处理后的大豆原料经色选机进料口121进入色选机12进行色选处理，除去霉变粒，经色选后的豆粒经色选机出料口122出色选机12；
(3)干燥：色选后的豆粒经干燥塔进料口21进入干燥塔2中，经鼓风机36将被换热器35加热的热风通过干燥塔进风口24进入干燥塔2内，并将大豆原料的水分调节在6％，干燥处理后的风由第一引风机25从干燥塔出风口23排出，干燥豆粒经干燥塔进料口22出干燥塔2；
(4)破瓣与灭酶：干燥豆粒经破瓣磨进料口31进入破瓣磨3中，破瓣磨3的气相为氮气，干燥豆粒在破瓣磨3中破瓣处理，得到豆皮和豆瓣，豆瓣经破瓣磨出料口32出破瓣磨3，再经旋风分离装置进口411进入旋风分离器41中；
氮气进入破瓣磨3后经由旋风分离装置进口411进入旋风分离器41中，再通过第二引风机55将氮气从旋风分离装置排风口412排出，并依次进入气液分离器51进行脱水处理，脱水后的氮气经气体制备器52回收氮气，回收后的氮气进入储气罐53中储存，循环利用，在使用时氮气经止回阀54进入破瓣磨3中；
豆瓣经旋风分离装置出料口413进入蒸汽灭酶器61中，豆瓣先在蒸汽灭酶器61迅速升温至90℃，然后在灭酶罐62中维持15min，蒸汽过程中产生的冷凝水由连接在蒸汽灭酶器61上的疏水器排出；
(5)闪蒸脱气：灭酶后的豆瓣经闪蒸脱气装置进料口711进入闪蒸脱气罐71，利用真空泵72将闪蒸脱气罐71中的真空度控制在60Kpa，温度控制在82℃；
(6)辊压与浸提：闪蒸脱气处理后的豆瓣进入液压辊压机801中进行辊压，并控制豆片厚度为0.7mm，豆片经浸提器进口911进入平转式浸提器中，通过使用有机溶剂浸提后，再进入干燥器92于110℃条件下进行干燥处理；
(7)真空脱溶：干燥豆片进入第一真空脱溶器101中，利用第一真空风机103真空脱溶，控制真空度为7Kpa，并回收溶剂，随后进入第二真空脱溶器102再次脱溶，控制真空度为6Kpa，并回收溶剂，经两次脱溶处理后的豆片即为低豆腥味低温脱脂豆粕。
低温豆粕品质评价
本申请还对上述各实施例与对比例制得的豆粕制品均进行了氮溶解指数、水分含量以及豆腥味的测评，其测试结果如下表所示：
表1实施例与对比例中豆粕品质测评结果
  氮溶解指数NSI/％ 水分含量/％ 豆腥味测评
实施例1 76.9％ 11.8％ 低豆腥味
实施例2 80.9％ 11.3％ 低豆腥味
实施例3 83.9％ 11.5％ 低豆腥味
实施例4 84.9％ 11.0％ 低豆腥味
实施例5 70.2％ 10.0％ 低豆腥味
对比例1 78％ / 豆腥味较重
由上表数据可知，利用对比例1提供的常规制备方法制得的低温豆粕仍然存在豆腥味较重的问题，而利用本申请实施例提供的低豆腥味低温脱脂豆粕的生产装置及其制备方法制得的低温豆粕氮溶解指数及含水量理想，豆腥味低等特点，因此，本申请提供的生产装置及其制备方法能够彻底解决解决现有豆粕制品的生产方法存在豆腥味严重、豆粕品质低等的技术问题，在大豆深加工领域具有十分广阔的应用前景。

Claims (15)

  1. 低豆腥味低温脱脂豆粕的制备方法，其特征在于，包括：
    杂质筛分：对大豆原料进行杂质筛分处理；
    原料色选：对杂质筛分处理后的大豆原料用色选机进行色选处理，以除去霉变粒，得色选后的豆粒；
    干燥：对所述色选后的豆粒进行干燥处理，并将水分调节至6-11％，得干燥豆粒；
    破瓣与灭酶：用破瓣磨对干燥豆粒进行破瓣处理，得到豆瓣和豆皮，所述豆瓣于85-90℃条件下蒸汽灭酶处理2-15min；
    闪蒸脱气：使用闪蒸脱气装置对灭酶后的豆瓣进行闪蒸脱气处理，以脱除豆腥味；
    辊压与浸提：闪蒸脱气处理后的豆瓣进行辊压得到豆片，所述豆片依次进行有机溶剂浸提、热风干燥处理，得干燥豆片；
    真空脱溶：所述干燥豆片经两次真空脱溶处理后，制得低豆腥味低温脱脂豆粕。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的低豆腥味低温脱脂豆粕的制备方法，其特征在于，在所述破瓣与灭酶步骤中，破瓣磨的气相为氮气、二氧化碳或氩气中的任意一种。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的低豆腥味低温脱脂豆粕的制备方法，其特征在于，在所述闪蒸脱气步骤中，闪蒸脱气处理的真空度为60-70Kpa，温度为70-82℃。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的低豆腥味低温脱脂豆粕的制备方法，其特征在于，蒸汽灭酶处理具体为豆瓣于蒸汽灭酶器中升温至85-90℃后，再于灭酶罐 中处理2-15min。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的低豆腥味低温脱脂豆粕的制备方法，其特征在于，所述豆片厚度为0.3-0.7mm，热风干燥处理的温度为100-110℃。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的低豆腥味低温脱脂豆粕的制备方法，其特征在于，两次真空脱溶处理的真空度均为6-7Kpa。
  7. 一种生产低豆腥味低温脱脂豆粕的装置，其特征在于，包括依次设置的以下装置：
    筛分与色选装置，用于去除大豆原料中的杂质和霉变粒；
    干燥塔，连通所述筛分与色选装置的出料口；
    破瓣磨，经由关风器与干燥塔出料口连通；
    旋风分离装置，连通破瓣磨出料口；
    蒸汽灭酶装置，连通旋风分离装置出料口；
    闪蒸脱气装置，连通蒸汽灭酶装置的出料口；
    辊压装置，连通闪蒸脱气装置出料口；
    浸提与干燥装置，连通辊压装置出料口；
    真空脱溶装置，连通浸提与干燥装置的出料口。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的生产低豆腥味低温脱脂豆粕的装置，其特征在于，所述筛分与色选装置进一步包括比重筛和色选机，在比重筛两端分别开设比重筛进料口和比重筛出料口，色选机两端分别开设色选机进料口和色选机出料口，所述比重筛进料口与传送装置连接，比重筛出料口与色选机进料口连通。
  9. 根据权利要求7所述的生产低豆腥味低温脱脂豆粕的装置，其特征在于，所述干燥塔塔体两侧分别开设干燥塔进料口和干燥塔出料口，塔顶和塔 底分别开设干燥塔出风口和干燥塔进风口，在干燥塔出风口安装第一引风机，干燥塔进风口安装换热器，所述换热器与鼓风机连通；
    所述干燥塔进料口与色选机出料口连通。
  10. 根据权利要求7所述的生产低豆腥味低温脱脂豆粕的装置，其特征在于，所述破瓣磨两端分别开设破瓣磨进料口和破瓣磨出料口，破瓣磨顶部开设破瓣磨进风口；
    旋风分离装置为旋风分离器，在所述旋风分离器锥体一侧开设旋风分离装置进口，锥体顶部和底部分别开设旋风分离装置排风口和旋风分离装置出料口。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的生产低豆腥味低温脱脂豆粕的装置，其特征在于，在所述破瓣磨和旋风分离器之间还设置气体脱水装置，所述气体脱水装置进一步包括气液分离器、与气液分离器排气口连通的气体制备器以及与气体制备器排气口连通的储气罐；
    其中，所述气液分离器通过第二引风机与旋风分离装置排风口连通，储气罐通过气体输送管道与破瓣磨进风口连通，并在气体输送管道上安装止回阀。
  12. 根据权利要求7所述的生产低豆腥味低温脱脂豆粕的装置，其特征在于，所述蒸汽灭酶装置进一步包括蒸汽灭酶器和灭酶罐，在蒸汽灭酶器两端开设蒸汽灭酶器进料口和蒸汽灭酶器出料口，灭酶罐罐体顶部和底部分别开设灭酶罐进料口和灭酶罐出料口，蒸汽灭酶器进料口与旋风分离装置出料口连通，蒸汽灭酶器出料口与灭酶罐进料口连通。
  13. 根据权利要求7所述的生产低豆腥味低温脱脂豆粕的装置，其特征在于，所述闪蒸脱气装置进一步包括闪蒸脱气罐和与所述闪蒸脱气罐连接的 真空泵，所述闪蒸脱气罐罐体顶部和底部分别开设闪蒸脱气装置进料口和闪蒸脱气装置出料口，闪蒸脱气装置进料口与灭酶罐出料口连通。
  14. 根据权利要求7所述的生产低豆腥味低温脱脂豆粕的装置，其特征在于，所述辊压装置为液压辊压机，在液压装置两端分别开设辊压装置进料口和辊压装置出料口；
    浸提与干燥装置进一步包括浸提器和干燥器，在浸提器两端分别开设浸提器进口和浸提器出口，辊压装置出料口与浸提器进口连通，在干燥器锥体两端分别开设干燥器进料口和干燥器出料口，浸提器出口与干燥器进料口连通。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的生产低豆腥味低温脱脂豆粕的装置，其特征在于，所述真空脱溶装置进一步包括第一真空脱溶器和第二真空脱溶器，第一真空脱溶器与干燥器出料口连通，第一真空脱溶器和第二真空脱溶器分别连接第一真空风机和第二真空风机。
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