WO2022176843A1 - 保護素子 - Google Patents
保護素子 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2022176843A1 WO2022176843A1 PCT/JP2022/005923 JP2022005923W WO2022176843A1 WO 2022176843 A1 WO2022176843 A1 WO 2022176843A1 JP 2022005923 W JP2022005923 W JP 2022005923W WO 2022176843 A1 WO2022176843 A1 WO 2022176843A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- case
- fuse element
- shielding member
- terminal
- cover
- Prior art date
Links
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Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H85/00—Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
- H01H85/02—Details
- H01H85/04—Fuses, i.e. expendable parts of the protective device, e.g. cartridges
- H01H85/05—Component parts thereof
- H01H85/165—Casings
- H01H85/17—Casings characterised by the casing material
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H85/00—Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
- H01H85/02—Details
- H01H85/04—Fuses, i.e. expendable parts of the protective device, e.g. cartridges
- H01H85/05—Component parts thereof
- H01H85/055—Fusible members
- H01H85/06—Fusible members characterised by the fusible material
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H85/00—Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
- H01H85/02—Details
- H01H85/04—Fuses, i.e. expendable parts of the protective device, e.g. cartridges
- H01H85/05—Component parts thereof
- H01H85/165—Casings
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Definitions
- the present invention relates to protection elements.
- This application claims priority based on Japanese Patent Application No. 2021-025652 filed in Japan on February 19, 2021, the content of which is incorporated herein.
- fuse elements that generate heat and melt to cut off the current path when a current exceeding the rating flows in the current path.
- a protective element (fuse element) having a fuse element is used in a wide range of fields such as electric vehicles.
- Patent Literature 1 describes a fuse that includes a fuse element that melts when current exceeds a rated current and a case that accommodates the fusible portion of the fuse element. Further, Patent Document 1 describes that the case is a pair of split cylinders that are joined together, and that the outer peripheries of the pair of split cylinders are fastened with a ring.
- the case In the protective element, when the fuse element is blown, an arc discharge occurs and the pressure inside the case housing the fuse element rises. For this reason, the case is required to have strength enough to withstand the pressure rise that accompanies the melting of the fuse element. In particular, in a protective element installed in a current path of high voltage and large current, the pressure in the case rises greatly because the energy of arc discharge generated when the fuse element melts is large. Therefore, it is required to further improve the strength of the case to more effectively prevent the damage of the protection element when the fuse element blows.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a protective element that is resistant to breakage when the fuse element is blown and has excellent safety.
- the present invention proposes the following means.
- a fuse element energized in a first direction from a first end to a second end; a first terminal electrically connected to the first end; a second terminal electrically connected to the second end; a case made of an insulating material and provided therein with an accommodating portion for accommodating the fuse element, and exposing a part of the first terminal and the second terminal to the outside; It is made of an insulating material having a cylindrical shape, covers the side surface of the case along the first direction, exposes a portion of the first terminal from a first end, and partially exposes the second terminal from a second end. and a cover that exposes a protective element.
- the case comprises a first case and a second case arranged opposite to the first case and the fuse element,
- [3] having an internal pressure buffering space surrounded by the outer surface of the case and the inner surface of the cover; the case has a vent that penetrates the case and communicates the accommodating portion and the internal pressure buffering space;
- the low-melting-point metal is made of Sn or a metal containing Sn as a main component
- the protective element according to [7], wherein the refractory metal is Ag or Cu, or a metal containing Ag or Cu as a main component.
- the protective element of the present invention is made of an insulating material and has a case that houses the fuse element by exposing a part of the first terminal and the second terminal that are electrically connected to the fuse element that is energized in the first direction. , made of an insulating material having a cylindrical shape, covering the side surface along the first direction of the case, exposing a portion of the first terminal from the first end, and exposing a portion of the second terminal from the second end. and a cover.
- the stress due to the pressure increase in the case when the fuse element is blown is applied to the case and the cover covering the side surface of the case along the first direction. Therefore, it is possible to obtain excellent strength against pressure rise in the case. Therefore, the protective element of the present invention is less likely to break when the fuse element is blown, and has excellent safety.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing the overall structure of a protective element 100 according to the first embodiment.
- 2 is an exploded perspective view showing the overall structure of the protective element 100 shown in FIG. 1.
- FIG. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the protective element 100 according to the first embodiment taken along line AA' shown in FIG.
- FIG. 4 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing an enlarged part of FIG.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining the operation of the protective element 100 of the first embodiment, and is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA' shown in FIG.
- FIG. 6 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing an enlarged part of FIG. FIG.
- FIG. 7 is an enlarged view for explaining part of the protection element 100 of the first embodiment, and is a perspective view showing a fuse element, first terminals, and second terminals.
- FIG. 8A is a drawing for explaining the structure of the first shielding member 3a provided in the protective element 100 of the first embodiment, and is a perspective view as seen from the accommodating portion side.
- FIG. 8B is a drawing for explaining the structure of the first shielding member 3a provided in the protection element 100 of the first embodiment, and is a perspective view seen from the fuse element side.
- FIG. 9 is a drawing for explaining the structure of the first shielding member 3a provided in the protective element 100 of the first embodiment. 9(a) is a plan view seen from the fuse element side, FIG.
- FIG. 9(b) is a plan view seen from the accommodating portion side
- FIGS. 9(c) to 9(e) are side views.
- FIG. 10A is a drawing for explaining the structure of the first case 6a provided in the protection element 100 of the first embodiment, and is a perspective view seen from the outside.
- FIG. 10B is a drawing for explaining the structure of the first case 6a provided in the protective element 100 of the first embodiment, and is a perspective view of the inside of the accommodating portion.
- FIG. 10C is a drawing for explaining the structure of the first case 6a provided in the protective element 100 of the first embodiment, and is a perspective view of the inside of the accommodating portion.
- FIG. 11 is a drawing for explaining the structure of the first case 6a provided in the protective element 100 of the first embodiment.
- FIG. 10A is a drawing for explaining the structure of the first case 6a provided in the protection element 100 of the first embodiment, and is a perspective view seen from the outside.
- FIG. 10B is a drawing for explaining the structure of
- FIG. 11(a) is a plan view of the inside of the accommodating portion of the first case 6a viewed from the second case 6b side
- FIG. 11(b) is a plan view of the first case 6a viewed from the outside.
- (c) to (e) are side views of the first case 6a.
- FIG. 12A is a diagram for explaining the manufacturing process of the protection element 100 of the first embodiment, and is a perspective view of the second case 6b in which the second shielding member 3b is installed, viewed from the side of the accommodating portion 60.
- FIG. 12B is a diagram for explaining the manufacturing process of the protection element 100 of the first embodiment.
- Fig. 2 is a perspective view showing a state in which an integrated fuse element 2 is installed; FIG.
- FIG. 13A is a diagram for explaining the manufacturing process of the protection element 100 of the first embodiment, and shows a state in which the first case 6a is placed on the second case 6b via the fuse element 2.
- FIG. It is a perspective view.
- FIG. 13B is a diagram for explaining the manufacturing process of the protection element 100 of the first embodiment, and shows a state in which the first case 6a and the second case 6b are integrated and accommodated in the cover 4.
- FIG. is a perspective view.
- protection element 1 to 11 are schematic diagrams showing the protection element according to the first embodiment.
- the direction indicated by X is the energization direction (first direction) of the fuse element.
- the direction indicated by Y is a direction perpendicular to the X direction (first direction), and the direction indicated by Z is a direction perpendicular to both the X direction and the Y direction.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing the overall structure of the protective element 100 according to the first embodiment.
- 2 is an exploded perspective view showing the overall structure of the protective element 100 shown in FIG. 1.
- FIG. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the protective element 100 according to the first embodiment taken along line AA' shown in FIG.
- FIG. 4 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing an enlarged part of FIG.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining the operation of the protective element 100 of the first embodiment, and is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA' shown in FIG.
- FIG. 6 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing an enlarged part of FIG.
- the protective element 100 of the present embodiment includes a fuse element 2, a shielding member 3, and a housing portion 60 in which the fuse element 2 and the shielding member 3 are housed. It comprises a case 6 and a cover 4 covering the Y-direction and Z-direction side surfaces of the case 6 .
- the shielding member 3 rotates around the rotating shaft 33 as shown in FIGS. Then, the inside of the accommodating portion 60 is divided by the shielding member 3 .
- FIG. 7 is an enlarged view for explaining part of the protection element 100 of the first embodiment, and is a perspective view showing a fuse element, first terminals, and second terminals.
- the fuse element 2 has a strip shape, and includes a first end 21, a second end 22, and a constricted portion provided between the first end 21 and the second end 22. It has a cutting part 23 consisting of.
- the fuse element 2 is energized in the X direction (first direction) from the first end 21 to the second end 22 .
- first end 21 is electrically connected to first terminal 61 .
- the second end 22 is electrically connected to the second terminal 62 .
- the first terminal 61 and the second terminal 62 may have substantially the same shape as shown in FIG. 7, or may have different shapes.
- the thickness of the first terminal 61 and the second terminal 62 is not particularly limited, but as a guide, it can be 0.3 to 1.0 mm.
- the thickness of the first terminal 61 and the thickness of the second terminal 62 may be the same as shown in FIG. 3, or may be different.
- the first terminal 61 has an external terminal hole 61a.
- the second terminal 62 has an external terminal hole 62a.
- One of the external terminal hole 61a and the external terminal hole 62a is used for connection to the power supply side, and the other is used for connection to the load side.
- the external terminal hole 61a and the external terminal hole 62a can be through holes that are substantially circular in plan view.
- first terminal 61 and the second terminal 62 for example, those made of copper, brass, nickel, or the like can be used.
- a material for the first terminal 61 and the second terminal 62 it is preferable to use brass from the viewpoint of strengthening rigidity, and it is preferable to use copper from the viewpoint of reducing electrical resistance.
- the first terminal 61 and the second terminal 62 may be made of the same material, or may be made of different materials.
- the first terminal 61 and the second terminal 62 may have any shape as long as they can be engaged with a power supply side terminal or a load side terminal (not shown).
- a power supply side terminal or a load side terminal not shown.
- FIG. 7 at the end connected to the fuse element 2, there are flanges (indicated by reference numerals 61c and 62c in FIG. 7) widened on both sides toward the fuse element 2.
- the first terminal 61 and the second terminal 62 have the flanges 61c and 62c, the first terminal 61 and the second terminal 62 are difficult to come off from the case 6, and the protective element 100 has good reliability and durability.
- the fuse element 2 shown in FIG. 7 has a substantially uniform thickness (length in the Z direction).
- the thickness of the fuse element 2 may be uniform, as shown in FIG. 3, or partially different.
- a fuse element whose thickness is partially different includes, for example, a fuse element whose thickness gradually increases from the cut portion 23 toward the first end portion 21 and the second end portion 22 . In such a fuse element, when an overcurrent flows, the cut portion 23 becomes a heat spot, and the cut portion 23 is preferentially heated and softened, so that the cut portion 23 is cut more reliably.
- the thickness of the fuse element 2 can be, for example, 0.03-1.0 mm, preferably 0.2-0.5 mm.
- the fuse element 2 has a substantially rectangular shape in plan view.
- the Y-direction width 21D of the first end portion 21 and the Y-direction width 22D of the second end portion 22 are substantially the same. Therefore, the Y-direction width of the fuse element 2 shown in FIG. 7 means the Y-direction widths 21D and 22D of the first end portion 21 and the second end portion 22 .
- the first end portion 21 of the fuse element 2 is arranged to overlap the first terminal 61 in plan view.
- the second end portion 22 of the fuse element 2 is arranged to overlap the second terminal 62 in plan view.
- the X-direction length of the first end portion 21 extends from the region overlapping the first terminal 61 in plan view toward the cut portion 23 .
- the length in the X direction of the second end portion 22 extends from the region overlapping the second terminal 62 in plan view toward the cut portion 23 side.
- the X-direction length of the second end portion 22 and the X-direction length of the first end portion 21 are substantially the same.
- the cutting portion 23 is arranged at the center of the fuse element 2 in the X direction.
- a first connecting portion 25 having a substantially trapezoidal shape in plan view is arranged between the cut portion 23 and the first end portion 21 .
- a longer parallel side of the first connecting portion 25 having a substantially trapezoidal shape in plan view is coupled to the first end portion 21 .
- a second connecting portion 26 having a substantially trapezoidal shape in a plan view is arranged between the cutting portion 23 and the second end portion 22 .
- a longer parallel side of the second connecting portion 26 having a substantially trapezoidal shape in plan view is coupled to the second end portion 22 .
- the first connecting portion 25 and the second connecting portion 26 are symmetrical with respect to the cutting portion 23 .
- the width of the fuse element 2 in the Y direction gradually widens from the cut portion 23 toward the first end portion 21 and the second end portion 22 .
- the cut portion 23 becomes a heat spot, and the cut portion 23 is preferentially heated and softened, and easily cut or fused.
- the Y-direction width 23D of the cut portion 23 of the fuse element 2 is narrower than the Y-direction widths 21D and 22D of the first end portion 21 and the second end portion 22 .
- the cross-sectional area of the cut portion 23 in the Y direction is smaller than the cross-sectional area of the region of the fuse element 2 other than the cut portion 23 .
- the cut portion 23 is cut or fused more easily than the region between the cut portion 23 and the first end portion 21 and the region between the cut portion 23 and the second end portion 22 .
- the fuse element 2 is formed of a constricted portion having a Y-direction width 23D narrower than the Y-direction widths 21D and 22D of the first end portion 21 and the second end portion 22.
- the fuse element having the cut portion 23 has been described as an example, the width of the cut portion in the Y direction of the fuse element may be the same as that of the first end and the second end. The width is not limited to narrower than the first end and the second end.
- the fuse element 2 shown in FIG. 7 it is possible to provide a linear or band-shaped fuse element having a uniform cross-sectional area in the Y direction. In this case, the cross-sectional area of the cut portion of the fuse element in the Y direction (second direction) is the same as the cross-sectional area of the region other than the cut portion of the fuse element.
- the fuse element 2 has two bent portions consisting of a first bent portion 24a and a second bent portion 24b, which are obtained by bending a belt-like member twice substantially perpendicularly along the Y direction.
- the first bent portion 24a is a step formed so as to cover the end face of the first terminal 61 along the edge of the region where the first end portion 21 and the first terminal 61 overlap in plan view.
- the second bent portion 24b is a step formed so as to cover the end face of the second terminal 62 along the edge of the region where the second end 22 and the second terminal 62 overlap in plan view.
- the first bent portion 24 a and the second bent portion 24 b relieve stress associated with thermal expansion and contraction of the fuse element 2 extending in the X direction, thereby improving the durability of the fuse element 2 .
- the fuse element 2 has the first bent portion 24a and the second bent portion 24b, so that the first end portion 21 of the first terminal 61 is not laminated on the surface thereof. Then, the surface of the second terminal 62 on which the second end portion 22 is not laminated and one surface of the central portion of the fuse element 2 (lower surface in FIG. 3) are arranged substantially on the same plane. ing.
- the first bent portion 24a and the second bent portion 24b formed by bending the belt-like member along the Y direction are described as examples of the bent portions.
- the direction in which the band-shaped material is bent is not limited to the Y direction as long as it intersects with the X direction.
- the first bent portion 24a and the second bent portion 24b, which are obtained by bending a belt-like member twice at substantially right angles, are described as examples of the bent portions.
- the angle and number of times the material is bent are not particularly limited.
- first bent portion 24a is provided on the first end portion 21 side of the fuse element 2 and the second bent portion 24b is provided on the second end portion 22 side is taken as an example.
- the number of bends provided in the fuse element may be one, three or more, or the fuse element may not have bends.
- materials used for known fuse elements such as metal materials containing alloys, can be used. Specifically, alloys such as 85% Pb/Sn and 3% Sn/Ag/0.5% Cu can be exemplified as the material of the fuse element 2 .
- the fuse element 2 preferably comprises a laminate in which an inner layer made of a low-melting-point metal and an outer layer made of a high-melting-point metal are laminated in the thickness direction. Such a fuse element 2 is preferable because it has good solderability when soldering the first terminal 61 and the second terminal 62 to the fuse element 2 .
- the fuse element 2 is a laminate in which an inner layer made of a low-melting-point metal and an outer layer made of a high-melting-point metal are laminated in the thickness direction, the volume of the low-melting-point metal is larger than the volume of the high-melting-point metal. This is preferable in terms of current interrupting characteristics of the fuse element 2 .
- the low-melting-point metal used as the material of the fuse element 2 it is preferable to use Sn or a metal containing Sn as a main component. Since the melting point of Sn is 232° C., metals containing Sn as a main component have a low melting point and become soft at low temperatures. For example, the solidus of Sn/Ag3%/Cu0.5% alloy is 217°C. Here, the low melting point is preferably in the range of 120°C to 260°C. Moreover, a main component means containing 50 mass % or more.
- the refractory metal used as the material of the fuse element 2 it is preferable to use Ag, Cu, or a metal containing Ag or Cu as a main component.
- the melting point of Ag is 962° C.
- a layer made of a metal containing Ag as a main component maintains its rigidity at a temperature at which a layer made of a low-melting-point metal becomes soft.
- the resistance value of the fuse element 2 can be efficiently reduced, and the rated current as the protective element can be set high, which is preferable.
- the high melting point is preferably in the range of 800°C to 1200°C.
- a main component means containing 90 mass % or more.
- the fuse element 2 is a laminate in which an inner layer made of a low-melting-point metal and an outer layer made of a high-melting-point metal are laminated in the thickness direction.
- the cutting portion 23 is formed of a constricted portion having a width 23D narrower in the Y direction than the widths 21D and 22D of the cutting portion 23, an outer layer may be formed on the side surface of the cut portion 23 in the Y direction, or an outer layer may be formed. It doesn't have to be.
- the fuse element 2 in the protective element 100 of the present embodiment preferably has a melting temperature of 600° C. or lower, more preferably 400° C. or lower. If the melting temperature is 600° C. or lower, the arc discharge that occurs when the fuse element 2 melts will be much smaller. Only one fuse element 2 may be used, or a plurality of fuse elements 2 may be stacked and used as necessary. In this embodiment, a case where two stacked fuse elements 2 are used will be described as an example, but only one may be used, or three or more stacked fuse elements may be used. .
- the fuse element 2 can be manufactured by a known method.
- the fuse element 2 is composed of a laminated body in which an inner layer made of a low-melting-point metal and an outer layer made of a high-melting-point metal are laminated in the thickness direction. If it is not formed, it can be manufactured by the method shown below. First, a metal foil made of a low melting point metal is prepared. Next, a high-melting-point metal layer is formed on the entire surface of the metal foil by plating to obtain a laminate. After that, the laminated plate is cut into a predetermined shape having a cut portion 23 consisting of a constricted portion. Through the above steps, the fuse element 2 composed of a laminated body having a three-layer structure is obtained.
- the fuse element 2 which is made of the laminate described above, has a cut portion 23 formed of a constricted portion, and has an outer layer formed on the side surface of the cut portion 23 in the Y direction
- the following method is used.
- the shielding member 3 as shown in FIGS. 1 to 6, consists of a first shielding member 3a and a second shielding member 3b having the same shape as the first shielding member 3a.
- the first shielding member 3a and the second shielding member 3b may be made of different materials.
- the shielding member 3 includes a first shielding member 3a and a second shielding member 3b. Only one of the members 3b may be provided.
- the pressure increase in the housing portion 60 when the fuse element 2 is blown causes the first shielding member 3a and the second shielding member 3b to be separated.
- the second shielding member 3b rotates.
- the inside of the housing portion 60 is divided by the first shielding member 3a, and the inside of the housing portion 60 is divided by the second shielding member 3b. Therefore, when the shielding member 3 has two of the first shielding member 3a and the second shielding member 3b, compared with the case where only one of the first shielding member 3a and the second shielding member 3b is provided.
- the arc discharge generated when the fuse element 2 is fused is extinguished (arc extinguished) more quickly and reliably.
- the second shielding member 3b is positioned point-symmetrical to the first shielding member 3a with respect to the X-direction center of the fuse element 2 in the AA' cross section. are placed. That is, the first shielding member 3a and the second shielding member 3b are arranged symmetrically in the X direction with respect to the center of the fuse element 2 in the X direction. Therefore, in the protection element 100 of the present embodiment, even if the first shielding member 3a and the second shielding member 3b rotate simultaneously due to the pressure increase in the housing portion 60 when the fuse element 2 is blown, they do not interfere with each other. There is no hindrance to mutual rotational movement.
- the interior of the housing portion 60 is more reliably divided at two locations in the X direction within the housing portion 60 by the first shielding member 3a and the second shielding member 3b.
- the first shielding member 3a and the second shielding member 3b before being rotationally moved can be stably arranged at a predetermined position in the housing portion 60 together with the fuse element 2, the protective element 100 is excellent in reliability. .
- the fuse element 2 has a cut portion 23 between the first end portion 21 and the second end portion 22, and as shown in FIGS.
- the interior of the housing portion 60 is divided by the first shielding member 3a and the second shielding member 3b at two adjacent locations in the X direction within the housing portion 60 sandwiching the cutting portion 23. be.
- the arc discharge that occurs when the fuse element 2 is blown is extinguished (extinguished) more quickly and reliably.
- 8A and 8B are drawings for explaining the structure of the first shielding member 3a provided in the protective element 100 of the first embodiment.
- 8A is a perspective view seen from the housing portion side
- FIG. 8B is a perspective view seen from the fuse element side.
- FIG. 9 is a drawing for explaining the structure of the first shielding member 3a provided in the protective element 100 of the first embodiment.
- 9(a) is a plan view seen from the fuse element side
- FIGS. 9(c) to 9(e) are side views.
- the first shielding member 3 a is sandwiched between the fuse element 2 and the first case 6 a including the accommodating portion 60 .
- the fuse element side refers to the side of the first shielding member 3a on which the fuse element 2 is arranged.
- the accommodating portion side refers to the side of the first shielding member 3a on which the first case 6a including the accommodating portion 60 is arranged.
- the first shielding member 3a has a plate-like portion 30.
- the plate-like portion 30 has a substantially rectangular shape in plan view, and as shown in FIG. 1 bottom surface 68c or second bottom surface 68d), and a second surface 32 arranged to face the second bottom surface 68d).
- a first surface 31 of the plate-like portion 30 is arranged close to or in contact with the fuse element 2, and is preferably arranged in contact with the fuse element 2 as shown in FIGS. is arranged in contact with the fuse element 2 over its entire surface. If the first surface 31 and the fuse element 2 are arranged in contact with each other, the arc discharge that occurs when the fuse element 2 melts is further reduced.
- the second surface 32 of the plate-like portion 30 is arranged in contact with the rotating shaft 33 extending in the Y direction.
- the rotating shaft 33 is a step within a recess 68 formed in the housing 60 of the case 6 .
- the first edge nearer to the rotating shaft 33 among the two ends in the X direction on the first surface 31 of the plate-like portion 30 of the first shielding member 3a shown in FIGS. 8B and 9 31a is arranged inside the accommodating portion 60 in the X direction, and the second edge 31b far from the rotating shaft 33 is arranged outside the accommodating portion 60 in the X direction.
- the first edge 31a is pressed onto the bottom surface of the shielding member accommodating groove 34 provided on the inner surface of the accommodating portion 60 by rotating the first shielding member 3a.
- the second edge 31b is accommodated in the recess 68 by rotating the first shielding member 3a.
- the first shielding member 3a is formed by dividing the area of the plate-like portion 30 seen from the fuse element 2 at a contact position 33a between the plate-like portion 30 and the rotating shaft 33. It differs between the first area 30a and the second area 30b.
- the contact position 33a between the plate-like portion 30 and the rotating shaft 33 is not only the position where the second surface 32 of the plate-like portion 30 contacts the rotating shaft 33, but also faces the contact position 33a of the second surface 32.
- the position of the first surface 31 is also assumed to be the contact position 33a.
- the first area 30a arranged on the side of the first side 31a closer to the rotating shaft 33 is arranged on the side of the second side 31b farther from the rotating shaft 33. This area is narrower than the second area 30b.
- the first shielding member 3a is centered around the rotating shaft 33 as the first surface 31 is pressed by the pressure increase in the accommodating portion 60 caused by the arc discharge that occurs when the fuse element 2 melts.
- the pressure applied to the first surface 31 due to the pressure increase in the housing portion 60 is applied to the second area 30b, which has the larger area, out of the first area 30a and the second area 30b shown in FIG. is relatively stronger than the force applied to the narrow first area 30a. Therefore, the pressing force of the first surface 31 toward the second side edge 31b is stronger than the pressing force toward the first edge side 31a. Therefore, as shown in FIG.
- the second edge 31b arranged on the outside in the X direction of the accommodating portion 60 faces away from the fuse element 2 (the direction away from the fuse element 2).
- the first end side 31a arranged on the inner side of the accommodating portion 60 in the X direction rotates in a direction toward the fuse element 2 .
- a protrusion 38 is erected at the center of the second end surface 32b of the second surface 32 in the Y direction.
- the convex portion 38 has a quadrangular prism shape.
- One of the side surfaces of the convex portion 38 is a flat surface that is continuous with the side surface of the plate-like portion 30 in the X direction.
- the convex portion 38 is housed in the guide hole 66 and functions as a guide for rotating the first shielding member 3a to a predetermined position.
- the first shielding member 3a since the first shielding member 3a has the convex portion 38, the first shielding member 3a can be easily rotated to a predetermined position when the fuse element 2 is melted. As a result, the inside of the housing portion 60 is more reliably divided by the rotation of the first shielding member 3a.
- the convex portion 38 since the convex portion 38 is arranged at the center of the second end surface 32b of the second surface 32 in the Y direction, the positional deviation of the first shielding member 3a that rotates when the fuse element 2 is fused can be minimized. effectively prevented.
- the second end surface 32b of the second surface 32 is chamfered with a width corresponding to the dimension of the protrusion 38 in the X direction. It is considered to be a sloped surface. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 6, the second end surface 32b of the second surface 32 abuts against the second bottom surface 68d of the recessed portion 68, which will be described later. The entry of 38 into the guide hole 66 is not hindered. Therefore, when the fuse element 2 is fused, the first shielding member 3a can be easily rotated to a predetermined position.
- the protective element 100 can be miniaturized. Furthermore, since there is no need to deepen the recess 68, the thickness of the case 6 can be ensured, and the strength of the case 6 can be ensured.
- the size of the convex portion 38 is such that it can be accommodated in the concave portion 68 formed in the accommodating portion 60 before the first shielding member 3a rotates.
- the first shielding member 3a is sized to be accommodated in the guide hole 66 formed in the recess 68 when it rotates.
- the dimension of the convex portion 38 in the X direction and the length from the second surface 32 to the top of the convex portion 38 are substantially the same as the thickness of the plate-like portion 30, and the Y direction of the convex portion 38 The dimension is longer than the dimension in the X direction.
- the shape of the protrusion 38 is not limited to the above square prism shape.
- the shape of the protrusion may be in the shape of a square prism, and the dimension in the Y direction may be shorter than the dimension in the X direction.
- the shape of the convex portion may be, for example, a columnar shape having a cross-sectional shape such as circular, oval, elliptical, triangular, or hexagonal.
- the convex portion 38 is arranged at the center of the second surface 32 in the Y direction has been described as an example, but the position of the convex portion on the second surface 32 in the Y direction is It doesn't have to be central.
- the shielding member has a convex portion
- the convex portion is provided as necessary so that the shielding member can be easily rotated to a predetermined position. and may not be provided. Even if the shielding member does not have a convex portion, a guide hole 66 is formed in the concave portion 68 to discharge the gas in the housing portion 60 generated by arc discharge when the fuse element 2 is blown into the internal pressure buffering space 71. is preferably provided.
- the first shielding member 3a and the second shielding member 3b are made of an insulating material.
- a ceramic material, a resin material, or the like can be used as the insulating material.
- Alumina, mullite, zirconia and the like can be exemplified as the ceramic material, and it is preferable to use a material with high thermal conductivity such as alumina.
- the first shielding member 3a and the second shielding member 3b are made of a material having a high thermal conductivity such as a ceramic material, the heat generated when the fuse element 2 is cut can be efficiently dissipated to the outside. Therefore, continuation of the arc discharge that occurs when the fuse element 2 is cut is more effectively suppressed.
- the resin material it is preferable to use any one selected from polyphenylene sulfide (PPS) resin, nylon resin, fluorine resin such as polytetrafluoroethylene, and polyphthalamide (PPA) resin, particularly nylon resin. It is preferable to use
- an aliphatic polyamide or a semi-aromatic polyamide may be used as the nylon-based resin.
- arc discharge generated when the fuse element 2 melts causes the first shielding member 3a to be damaged more than when a semi-aromatic polyamide having a benzene ring is used. And/or even if the second shielding member 3b burns, graphite is less likely to be generated. Therefore, by forming the first shielding member 3a and the second shielding member 3b using aliphatic polyamide, it is possible to prevent formation of a new conduction path due to graphite generated when the fuse element 2 is fused.
- nylon 4 nylon 6, nylon 46, nylon 66, etc.
- semi-aromatic polyamide for example, nylon 6T, nylon 9T, etc.
- nylon-based resins it is preferable to use a resin that does not contain a benzene ring, such as aliphatic polyamide nylon 4, nylon 6, nylon 46, nylon 66, and because of its excellent heat resistance, nylon 46 or nylon 66 is used. It is more preferable to use
- the shielding member 3, the case 6 and the cover 4 in the protective element 100 are made of nylon 66, which is an aliphatic polyamide, compared to the case where they are made of nylon 9T, which is a semi-aromatic polyamide having a benzene ring, current blocking The subsequent insulation resistance becomes 10 times to 10000 times.
- the resin material preferably has a tracking resistance index CTI of 400 V or higher, more preferably 600 V or higher. Tracking resistance can be obtained by a test based on IEC60112. Nylon-based resins are particularly preferable among resin materials because they have high tracking resistance (resistance to tracking (carbonized conductive path) destruction).
- the glass transition temperature (Tg) of a resin material is the temperature at which it changes from a soft rubbery state to a hard glassy state.
- Tg glass transition temperature
- the first shielding member 3a and the second shielding member 3b can be manufactured by a known method.
- the case 6, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, has a substantially columnar shape.
- the case 6 is composed of a first case 6a and a second case 6b, and the first case 6a and the second case 6b are arranged to face the fuse element 2.
- a part of the first terminal 61 and the second terminal 62 are sandwiched between the first case 6a and the second case 6b and fixed by the cover 4 .
- the first terminal 61 is held by the first end of the case 6 in the X direction
- the second terminal 62 is held by the second end of the case 6 in the X direction.
- the first case 6a and the second case 6b have the same shape and are approximately semi-cylindrical.
- first case 6a and the second case 6b have the same shape, it is possible to reduce the number of types of parts to be manufactured by manufacturing them using the same material, which is preferable.
- the first case 6a and the second case 6b may be made of different materials.
- the first case 6a and the second case 6b have the same shape and are arranged opposite to each other with the fuse element 2 interposed therebetween. , the load is evenly distributed to the first case 6a and the second case 6b. Therefore, the case 6 has excellent strength and can effectively prevent the protection element 100 from breaking when the fuse element 2 blows.
- a housing portion 60 is provided inside the case 6 .
- the housing portion 60 is formed by integrating the first case 6a and the second case 6b.
- the accommodating portion 60 accommodates the fuse element 2, the first shielding member 3a and the second shielding member 3b.
- two insertion holes 64 opening into the housing portion 60 are arranged in the housing portion 60 so as to face each other in the X direction.
- the two insertion holes 64 are respectively formed by integrating the second case 6b and the first case 6a.
- one of the two insertion holes 64 accommodates the first end 21 of the fuse element 2
- the other insertion hole 64 accommodates the second end 22 of the fuse element 2 . Contained.
- portions of the first terminal 61 and the second terminal 62 connected to the fuse element 2 are exposed outside the case 6 .
- FIGS. 10A to 10C are drawings for explaining the structure of the first case 6a provided in the protective element 100 of the first embodiment.
- 10A is a perspective view of the first case 6a as seen from the outside
- FIGS. 10B and 10C are perspective views of the inside of the accommodating portion of the first case 6a.
- FIG. 11 is a drawing for explaining the structure of the first case 6a provided in the protective element 100 of the first embodiment.
- FIG. 11(a) is a plan view of the inside of the accommodating portion of the first case 6a
- FIG. 11(b) is a plan view of the first case 6a viewed from the outside
- FIGS. FIG. 4 is a side view of the first case 6a;
- the XY plane of the first case 6a facing the second case 6b is approximately the same in plan view, with the long side in the X direction and the short side in the Y direction. It has a rectangular shape with the center portion in the X direction having a short length in the Y direction.
- a recess 68, a shielding A member accommodation groove 34 and a fuse element mounting surface 65 are provided in the first case 6a.
- the concave portion 68 is generally rectangular in plan view.
- the recess 68 accommodates the first shielding member 3a (the second shielding member 3b in the case of the second case 6b).
- the first wall surface 68a disposed on the inner side of the first case 6a in the X direction is the first case 6a. It is arranged substantially at the center of 6a in the X direction. Therefore, the first wall surface 68a is arranged so as to overlap the cut portion 23 of the fuse element 2 in the Z direction (see FIG. 4).
- the bottom surface of the recess 68 is the surface facing the second surface 32 of the plate-like portion 30 of the first shielding member 3a (the second shielding member 3b in the case of the second case 6b).
- the bottom surface of the recess 68 has a first bottom surface 68c arranged on the first wall surface 68a side and a second wall surface 68b side facing the first wall surface 68a. and a second bottom surface 68d disposed thereon.
- the first bottom surface 68c is provided closer to the surface facing the fuse element 2 in the Z direction than the second bottom surface 68d.
- a step extending in the Y direction is formed at the boundary between the first bottom surface 68c and the second bottom surface 68d.
- the step formed in the concave portion 68 of the first case 6a is aligned with the rotating shaft 33 of the first shielding member 3a (in the case of the second case 6b, It functions as the rotating shaft 33) of the second shielding member 3b.
- the position of the step (rotating shaft 33) formed in the recess 68 of the first case 6a in the X direction is closer to the first wall surface 68a than to the second wall surface 68b. It is as a result, as shown in FIG. 9A, the area of the plate-like portion 30 of the first shielding member 3a (the second shielding member 3b in the case of the second case 6b) viewed from the fuse element 2 is The first area 30a arranged on the side of the first edge 31a closer to the rotation shaft 33 than the contact position 33a between the shaped portion 30 and the rotation shaft 33 is the second area 30a arranged on the side of the second edge 31b farther from the rotation shaft 33.
- the ratio of the X-direction length of the first bottom surface 68c to the X-direction length of the recess 68 is the area of the plate-like portion 30 and the first area 30a (first area 30a/area of plate-like portion 30), less than 0.5, preferably 0.2 to 0.49, 0.3 to 0.4 is more preferable.
- the X-direction length of the recess 68 is the X-direction length from the first wall surface 68a to the second wall surface 68b of the recess 68. As shown in FIG.
- the first shielding member 3a is arranged such that the second edge 31b located on the X-direction outer side of the housing portion 60 is in the direction away from the fuse element 2 and the X-direction of the housing portion 60 is aligned.
- the side of the first edge 31a arranged inside rotates at a sufficient rotational speed in a direction approaching the fuse element 2 .
- the first edge 31 a is pressed with a strong force onto the bottom surface of the shielding member accommodating groove 34 provided on the inner surface of the accommodating portion 60 .
- the inside of the housing portion 60 is the first surface 31 of the plate-like portion 30.
- the first side 31 a , the portion of the second surface 32 in contact with the rotation shaft 33 , and the side surface of the plate-like portion 30 more reliably close and divide.
- the ratio of the X-direction length of the first bottom surface 68c to the X-direction length of the concave portion 68 is 0.3 or more, a sufficient area of the first bottom surface 68c can be secured. Therefore, the first bottom surface 68c can more stably hold the first shielding member 3a before the rotational movement at a predetermined position within the first case 6a. As a result, the protective element 100 becomes more reliable.
- the first bottom surface 68c is arranged on the first wall surface 68a side of the recess 68, and the second bottom surface 68d is arranged on the second wall surface 68b side.
- the second bottom surface 68d may be arranged on the first wall surface 68a side, and the first bottom surface 68c may be arranged on the second wall surface 68b side.
- the position in the X direction of the step (rotating shaft 33) formed in the concave portion 68 of the first case 6a is closer to the second wall surface 68b than to the first wall surface 68a.
- the first edge 31 a close to the rotation shaft 33 is arranged outside the housing portion 60 in the X direction
- the far second edge 31b is arranged inside the accommodating portion 60 in the X direction.
- the direction of rotation of the first shielding member 3a is opposite to that of the protective element 100 of the present embodiment.
- the first bottom surface 68c is arranged on the side of the first wall surface 68a of the recess 68
- the second bottom surface 68d is arranged on the side of the second wall surface 68b.
- the first bottom surface 68c is arranged on the side of the second wall surface 68b, the X-direction position blocked by the first shielding member 3a and the second shielding member 3b
- the position in the X direction blocked by is close to the cut portion 23 (heat spot). Therefore, the arc discharge that occurs when the fuse element 2 is fused is likely to be reduced in scale, which is preferable.
- the length of the recess 68 in the Y direction is preferably such that the plate-like portion 30 of the first shielding member 3 a fits inside the recess 68 while contacting the inner wall surface of the recess 68 .
- the first shielding member 3a can be rotated due to the pressure increase in the accommodating portion 60 when the fuse element 2 is blown.
- the inside of the housing portion 60 is divided into the first edge 31a of the first surface 31 of the plate-like portion 30 and the portion of the second surface 32 in contact with the rotation shaft 33. , and the side surface of the plate-like portion 30 more reliably block and divide.
- the first shielding member 3a can be more stably held at a predetermined position within the first case 6a before it is rotated.
- the distance between the inner wall surface of the concave portion 68 facing in the Y direction and the plate-like portion 30 is, for example, preferably 0.05 to 0.2 mm, more preferably 0.05 to 0.1 mm. is more preferable.
- the second bottom surface 68 d of the recess 68 is provided with one guide hole 66 and two bottom vent holes 69 .
- one guide hole 66 and two bottom ventilation holes 69 pass through the first case 6a in the Z direction, and are connected to the second bottom surface 68d and the first case 6a. open to the exterior of the
- the guide hole 66 discharges the gas inside the housing portion 60 generated by arc discharge to the internal pressure buffering space 71 when the fuse element 2 is fused.
- the guide hole 66 functions together with the projection 38 of the first shielding member 3a as a guide for rotating the first shielding member 3a to a predetermined position when the fuse element 2 is blown.
- the guide hole 66 is sized to accommodate the projection 38 of the first shielding member 3a when the first shielding member 3a is rotated.
- the guide hole 66 is generally rectangular in plan view. As shown in FIGS. 4, 10B, and 11B, the inner wall surface of the guide hole 66 on the outside in the X direction is arranged at a position further outside in the X direction than the second wall surface 68b, and is shown in FIGS. 4 and 10B. , the second bottom surface 68d extends to a position closer to the surface facing the fuse element 2 than the second bottom surface 68d. Therefore, even if the first shielding member 3a rotates when the fuse element 2 is fused and the protrusion 38 is accommodated in the guide hole 66, the guide hole 66 is not blocked by the shielding member 3. FIG.
- the gas inside the housing portion 60 generated by the arc discharge can be reliably discharged to the internal pressure buffering space 71 .
- the second edge 31 b of the first surface 31 of the plate-like portion 30 moves along the inner wall surface of the guide hole 66 into the recess 68 . easily accommodated in Moreover, since the first case 6a has the second wall surface 68b, the first shielding member 3a before being rotationally moved is accurately positioned along the second wall surface 68b. It can be held more stably.
- the bottom vent 69 is generally cylindrical.
- the bottom air vent 69 suppresses pressure rise in the recess 68 when the fuse element 2 is blown, thereby suppressing arc discharge.
- the shape of the vent hole is not limited to a substantially cylindrical shape. , an elliptical cylindrical shape, a polygonal cylindrical shape, and the like.
- the two bottom ventilation holes 69 are arranged symmetrically with respect to the center in the Y direction, as shown in FIG. 11(a). Therefore, when the fuse element 2 is fused, the gas in the housing portion 60 is easily discharged to the outside of the housing portion 60 through the two bottom vent holes 69 evenly and quickly, which is preferable.
- bottom ventilation holes 69 In the present embodiment, the case where two bottom ventilation holes 69 are provided has been described as an example, but the number of bottom ventilation holes is not particularly limited, and may be one. The number may be three or more, and the bottom vent hole 69 may not be provided. If bottom vent holes 69 are not provided, it is preferable to have guide holes 66 and/or side vent holes 77, which will be described later.
- a shielding member accommodation groove 34 is provided on the surface of the first case 6a on the housing portion 60 side, on the opposite side of the concave portion 68 in plan view with respect to the approximate center in the X direction.
- the shielding member housing groove 34 has a substantially rectangular shape in a plan view, and is formed of a groove with a flat bottom surface.
- a portion of the plate-like portion 30 is accommodated in the shielding member accommodating groove 34 by rotating the first shielding member 3a.
- the Y-direction length of the shielding member accommodation groove 34 is longer than the Y-direction length of the first shielding member 3a. Therefore, by rotating the first shielding member 3a, the entire first edge 31a of the first surface 31 of the plate-like portion 30 is placed in contact with the bottom surface of the shielding member accommodating groove .
- the outside of the edges of the shielding member housing groove 34 facing in the Y direction is the joint surface 70 joined to the second case 6b. It is Therefore, when the first shielding member 3a rotates in a state where the first case 6a and the second case 6b are joined, the inside of the housing portion 60 becomes the first edge 31a of the first surface 31 of the plate-like portion 30. , the portion of the second surface 32 in contact with the rotating shaft 33 and the side surface of the plate-like portion 30 more reliably block and divide.
- the depth of the shielding member housing groove 34 is preferably 0.5 to 2 times the thickness of the fuse element 2, more preferably 0.5 to 1 time.
- the depth of the shielding member accommodating groove 34 is 0.5 times or more the thickness of the fuse element 2
- the inside of the accommodating portion 60 can be separated more reliably by rotating the first shielding member 3a.
- the shielding member accommodating groove 34 functions as a stopper, and the rotational movement range of the first shielding member 3a becomes appropriate. Become. Therefore, in order to avoid contact between the first shielding member 3a and the recessed portion 68 due to the rotational movement of the first shielding member 3a, the size of the recessed portion 68 is excessively increased. never come
- the surface of the fuse element 2 and the inner wall of the accommodating portion 60 are close to each other in the Z direction.
- the distance in the Z direction between the surface of the fuse element 2 and the bottom surface of the fuse element mounting surface 65 is greater than the distance in the Z direction between the surface of the fuse element 2 and the bottom surface of the shielding member accommodating groove 34. near. Therefore, it is preferable to shorten the X-direction length of the shielding member accommodating groove 34 to increase the area of the surface of the fuse element 2 facing the fuse element mounting surface 65 .
- the first shielding member 3a cannot be rotated excessively even if the length of the shielding member accommodating groove 34 in the X direction is short. Instead, the first edge 31 a of the first surface 31 of the plate-like portion 30 can be arranged in contact with the bottom surface of the shielding member accommodating groove 34 . Therefore, of the surface of the fuse element 2, the ratio of the area facing the fuse element mounting surface 65 can be increased, and arc discharge that occurs when the fuse element 2 is cut can be suppressed.
- a fuse element having a concave portion is mounted outside the shielding member accommodating groove 34 in the X direction in plan view.
- a placement surface 65 is provided.
- a step is formed at the boundary portion between the fuse element mounting surface 65 and the shielding member accommodating groove 34 and the boundary portion between the fuse element mounting surface 65 and the bonding surface 70 that is bonded to the second case 6b.
- the depth of the recess forming the fuse element mounting surface 65 is preferably equal to or less than the thickness dimension of the fuse element 2 , for example, half the thickness of the fuse element 2 . can.
- the bottom surface of the fuse element mounting surface 65 is arranged close to or in contact with the fuse element 2, and is preferably arranged in contact with the fuse element 2 as shown in FIG. When the bottom surface of the fuse element mounting surface 65 and the fuse element 2 are arranged in contact with each other, the arc discharge that occurs when the fuse element 2 melts is further reduced.
- the distance in the Z direction between the fuse element 2 is preferably 10 times or less the thickness of the fuse element 2, more preferably 5 times or less, and even more preferably 2 times or less. It is particularly preferable that the bottom surface of the fuse element mounting surface 65 of the case 6a (second case 6b) and/or the second shielding member 3b (first shielding member 3a) are in contact with each other.
- the protection element 100 can be miniaturized.
- a leak prevention groove 35 extending in the Y direction is provided on the bottom surface of the fuse element mounting surface 65 on the outer side in the X direction.
- the leak prevention groove 35 cuts the conduction path formed by the adhered matter to prevent leakage. Prevent current.
- the length of the leak prevention groove 35 in the Y direction is preferably longer than the width 21D in the Y direction at the first end 21 and the width 22D in the Y direction at the second end 22 of the fuse element 2 .
- the leak prevention groove 35 is formed with substantially constant width and depth. The width and depth of the leak prevention groove 35 are not particularly limited as long as the leak prevention groove 35 cuts off the conductive path formed by the deposits scattered when the fuse element 2 is fused and prevents leakage current.
- the leakage prevention groove 35 may be omitted.
- the leak prevention groove 35 is preferably provided on the bottom surface of the fuse element mounting surface 65 on the outside in the X direction and extends in the Y direction. or may not extend in the Y direction.
- the position in the X direction is within the range where the second bottom surface 68d is formed.
- a step is formed at the boundary between side recess 77a arranged at the edge of recess 68 and joint surface 70 joined to second case 6b.
- a portion of the edge of the fuse element mounting surface 65 facing the Y direction and positioned closer to the center than the leak prevention groove 35 in the X direction. are provided with side recesses 77a each having a flat surface continuous from the bottom surface of the fuse element mounting surface 65.
- a step is formed at the boundary between the side recess 77a arranged at the edge of the fuse element mounting surface 65 and the joint surface 70 joined to the second case 6b. ing.
- the four side recesses 77a provided at the edges of the recesses 68 of the first case 6a are integrated with the second case 6b so that the four side recesses 77a provided in the second case 6b , forming four side vents 77 through the case 6 (see FIG. 1).
- the side air vent 77 suppresses an increase in pressure inside the housing portion 60 when the fuse element 2 is blown, thereby suppressing arc discharge.
- the two side recesses 77a arranged at the edges of the recess 68 and the two side recesses 77a arranged at the edges of the fuse element mounting surface 65 are both fuse element 2 depths. half the thickness of the The two side recesses 77a arranged at the edges of the recess 68 and the two side recesses 77a arranged at the edges of the fuse element mounting surface 65 are of the same shape, and are located at the center of the accommodating portion 60 in the X direction. are arranged symmetrically with respect to Therefore, the four side air vents 77 formed by integrating the first case 6a and the second case 6b allow the gas in the accommodating portion 60 generated when the fuse element 2 is melted to flow through the accommodating portion 60. It is arranged in a position where it is easy to be discharged evenly and quickly out of the container, which is preferable.
- the depth of the side recess 77a is half the thickness of the fuse element 2, but the depth of the side recess 77a is not particularly limited. Further, in the present embodiment, the case where the four side recesses 77a have the same shape has been described as an example, but some or all of the four side recesses 77a may have different shapes.
- side air vents 77 In this embodiment, the case where four side air vents 77 are provided has been described as an example, but the number of side air vents is not particularly limited, and may be three or less. , may be five or more, and the side vents may not be provided. If side vents 77 are not provided, it is preferable to have guide holes 66 and/or bottom vents 69 .
- recesses 68 and fuse element mounting surfaces 65 are provided on the outside in the X direction in plan view.
- An insertion hole forming surface 64a made of is provided.
- a step is formed at the boundary between each insertion hole forming surface 64a and the joint surface 70 that is joined to the second case 6b.
- the step between the insertion hole forming surface 64a and the joint surface 70 is formed by integrating the first case 6a and the second case 6b so that the first terminal 61 (or the second terminal 62) and the fuse element 2 are laminated.
- the dimensions are such that an insertion hole 64 can be formed to accommodate the portion.
- the Y-direction length of the insertion hole forming surface 64a is longer than the Y-direction width 21D of the first end 21 and the Y-direction width 22D of the second end 22 of the fuse element 2 . Therefore, the entire widths 21D and 22D of the first end portion 21 and the second end portion 22 of the fuse element 2 are arranged on the insertion hole forming surface 64a.
- the outer sides of the two insertion hole forming surfaces 64a in the X direction and the outer sides of the insert hole forming surfaces 64a in the Y direction are partially surrounded in plan view, respectively.
- a terminal mounting surface 64b formed of a recess is provided.
- the terminal mounting surface 64b has an outer shape corresponding to the planar shape of the first terminal 61 and the second terminal 62 . This makes it possible to easily align the first case 6a with the first terminal 61 and the second terminal 62 . Also, the first terminal 61 and the second terminal 62 are difficult to come off from the case 6 .
- the terminal mounting surface 64b has an external shape corresponding to a substantially T-shaped planar shape of the first terminal 61 having the flange portion 61c and the second terminal 62 having the flange portion 62c. is preferred. According to this configuration, the protective element 100 with good reliability and durability is obtained, in which the flanges 61c and 62c are difficult to come off.
- the terminal mounting surface 64b is provided closer to the joint surface 70 joined to the second case 6b in the Z direction than the surface of the insertion hole forming surface 64a.
- a step is formed at the boundary between the terminal mounting surface 64b and the insertion hole forming surface 64a.
- a step is also formed at the boundary between the terminal mounting surface 64b and the joint surface 70 joined to the second case 6b.
- the step between the terminal mounting surface 64b and the joint surface 70 is dimensioned to accommodate the first terminal 61 (or the second terminal 62) by integrating the first case 6a and the second case 6b. ing.
- recesses having substantially semicircular bottom surfaces are formed at the Y-direction centers of the two terminal mounting surfaces 64b on the outer edges in the X direction.
- a notch 78a is formed.
- the notch 78a is a first adhesive injection port 78 (see FIGS. 1 and 3) having a substantially cylindrical shape when viewed from the X direction by integrating the first case 6a and the second case 6b. be done.
- the positions of the four corners of the first case 6a in plan view on the joint surface 70 of the first case 6a joined to the second case 6b are formed with cutouts 76a.
- the notch 76a is formed by integrating the first case 6a and the second case 6b, so that the hollow second adhesive injection port 76 (FIG. 1) has a semicircular columnar shape when viewed in the X direction. See).
- a fitting recess 63 having a substantially circular shape in a plan view is formed.
- the fuse element placement Between the two cutouts 76a formed on the surface 65 side and the terminal mounting surface 64b, fitting projections 67 each having a substantially circular shape in a plan view are formed.
- Each fitting concave portion 63 is fitted with each fitting convex portion 67 by integrating the first case 6a and the second case 6b.
- the first case 6a has a first case 6a formed on its outer surface opposite to the joint surface 70 joined to the second case 6b.
- a buffer recess 73 is provided.
- second concave portions 74 are provided on both side surfaces of the first case 6a in the Y direction.
- the second recessed portion 74 is formed into a second shock-absorbing recessed portion 75 (see FIG. 1) by integrating the first case 6a and the second case 6b.
- end members 72 having a semi-cylindrical shape are provided at both ends of the outer surface of the first case 6a in the X direction. is provided.
- the end member 72 has a cylindrical shape by integrating the first case 6a and the second case 6b.
- the first cushioning recess 73 and the second cushioning recess 74 are surrounded by the outer surface of the case 6 formed by integrating the first case 6a and the second case 6b and the inner surface of the cover 4.
- An internal pressure buffering space 71 is formed.
- the internal pressure buffering space 71 is provided in an annular shape along the inner surface of the cover 4 at the center of the cover 4 in the X direction.
- the length (thickness) of the end member 72 in the X direction is sufficiently ensured so as to withstand the stress due to the pressure increase in the internal pressure buffering space 71 when the fuse element 2 is blown.
- the length of the end member 72 in the X direction is preferably 1 to 3 times the thickness of the cover 4, for example.
- a guide hole 66 and a Two bottom vents 69 are open.
- side recesses 77a provided in the first case 6a, respectively. and a side recessed portion 77a provided in the second case 6b are integrated to form two side vents 77 that pass through the case 6 and communicate the housing portion 60 and the internal pressure buffering space 71. is doing.
- the gas inside the accommodating portion 60 generated when the fuse element 2 is fused flows into the internal pressure buffering space 71 from inside the accommodating portion 60 via the side vent 77 , the guide hole 66 and the bottom vent 69 .
- the volume of the internal pressure buffering space 71 is preferably equal to or larger than the volume of the fuse element 2, and more preferably equal to or larger than 100 times the volume of the fuse element 2, because it can effectively suppress the pressure increase in the accommodating portion 60. , more preferably 1000 times or more the volume of the fuse element 2 .
- the first case 6a and the second case 6b are made of an insulating material.
- the same material as that used for the first shielding member 3a and the second shielding member 3b can be used.
- the first case 6a and second case 6b and the first shielding member 3a and second shielding member 3b may be made of the same material, or may be made of different materials.
- the first case 6a and the second case 6b can be manufactured by a known method.
- the cover 4 covers the side surface of the case 6 along the X direction and fixes the first case 6a and the second case 6b. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 3 , the cover 4 exposes a portion of the first terminal 61 from the first end 41 and partially exposes the second terminal 62 from the second end 42 . As shown in FIG. 2, the cover 4 has a cylindrical shape with a substantially uniform thickness, and as shown in FIG. It has an inner diameter corresponding to a generally cylindrical shape. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the inner edge of the opening of the cover 4 is a chamfered inclined surface 4a. In this embodiment, the outer surface of the case 6 and the inner surface of the cover 4 hermetically seal the spatial region formed by the accommodating portion 60 and the internal pressure buffering space 71 .
- the cover 4 is cylindrical. Therefore, when the fuse element 2 is fused, the pressure on the cover 4 is divided between the internal pressure buffering space 71 provided annularly along the inner surface of the cover 4 at the center of the cover 4 in the X direction, and the cover 4 in the X direction. Via the end member 72 accommodated along the inner surface of the cover 4 at the edge, the load is distributed substantially evenly over the entire inner surface of the cover 4 . As a result, cover 4 exhibits excellent strength and effectively prevents breakage of protection element 100 when fuse element 2 blows. Moreover, since the cover 4 is cylindrical, it can be manufactured easily and is excellent in productivity.
- the cover 4 is made of an insulating material.
- the insulating material the same materials as those usable for the first shielding member 3a and the second shielding member 3b and the first case 6a and the second case 6b can be used.
- the cover 4, the first case 6a and the second case 6b, and the first shielding member 3a and the second shielding member 3b may all be made of different materials, or part or all of them may be made of the same material. can be anything.
- the cover 4 can be manufactured by a known method.
- solder material used for soldering in this embodiment a known material can be used, and it is preferable to use a material containing Sn as a main component from the viewpoint of resistivity, melting point, and environment-friendly lead-free.
- the first end portion 21 and the second end portion 22 of the fuse element 2 and the first terminal 61 and the second terminal 62 may be connected by welding, and a known joining method can be used.
- a first shielding member 3a and a second shielding member 3b shown in FIGS. 8A to 8B and 9, and a first case 6a and a second case 6b shown in FIGS. 10A to 10C and 11 are prepared.
- the first shielding member 3a is installed in the concave portion 68 of the first case 6a.
- the second surface 32 of the plate-like portion 30 of the first shielding member 3a is arranged in contact with the step (rotating shaft 33) formed in the recess 68 of the first case 6a. do.
- the second shielding member 3b is installed in the concave portion 68 of the second case 6b. At this time, as shown in FIG.
- FIG. 12A is a perspective view of the second case 6b on which the second shielding member 3b is installed, viewed from the side of the accommodating portion 60.
- a member in which the fuse element 2 and the first terminal 61 and the second terminal 62 are integrated is installed on the second case 6b on which the second shielding member 3b is installed.
- the fuse element 2 and the first terminal 61 and the second terminal 62 are mounted on the second case 6b. 62 are aligned.
- the first terminal 61 and the second terminal 62 are connected to the first terminal 61 and the second terminal 62 at the connecting portion between the first end 21 and the second end 22 of the fuse element 2 .
- a case where the surface on the terminal 62 side is installed facing the second case 6b will be described as an example, but the surface on the fuse element 2 side may be installed facing the second case 6b.
- FIG. 13A is a perspective view showing a state in which the first case 6a is installed on the second case 6b with the fuse element 2 interposed therebetween.
- the second cushioning recess 75, the side vent 77, the first adhesive inlet 78, the second adhesive inlet 76 is formed.
- one insertion hole 64 accommodates the first end 21 of the fuse element 2
- the other insertion hole 64 accommodates the second end 22 of the fuse element 2. 2 are exposed to the outside of the case 6 .
- the first case 6a and the second case 6b are housed in the cover 4 in an integrated state.
- the end member 72 forming the side surface of the case 6 along the X direction, the first cushioning recess 73, and the second cushioning recess 75 are covered with the cover 4, and the first case 6a is covered. and the second case 6b are fixed.
- the adhesive is injected into the inclined surface 4a of the cover 4, the first adhesive injection port 78, and the second adhesive injection port 76, respectively.
- the adhesive for example, an adhesive containing a thermosetting resin can be used.
- the inside of the cover 4 is hermetically sealed, and as shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, a spatial region formed by the accommodating portion 60 and the internal pressure buffering space 71 is hermetically sealed by the outer surface of the case 6 and the inner surface of the cover 4. .
- the protective element 100 of the present embodiment is obtained through the above steps.
- the portion is arranged on the side of the first edge 31a near the rotation shaft 33.
- the first area 30a is narrower than the second area 30b arranged on the side of the second edge 31b far from the rotating shaft 33.
- the first shielding member 3a and the second shielding member 3b are arranged so that the second edge 31b side arranged on the outside in the X direction of the accommodating portion 60 is in the direction away from the fuse element 2, as shown in FIG.
- the first end side 31a arranged on the inner side of the accommodating portion 60 in the X direction rotates in a direction toward the fuse element 2 .
- the first side edge 31 a is pressed onto the bottom surface of the shielding member accommodating groove 34 provided on the inner surface of the accommodating portion 60 .
- the second edge 31 b is accommodated in the recess 68 .
- the protection element 100 of the present embodiment is electrically connected to the first end 21 and the fuse element 2 energized in the X direction from the first end 21 to the second end 22 .
- a first terminal 61, a second terminal 62 electrically connected to the second end portion 22, and an accommodating portion 60 made of an insulating material for accommodating the fuse element 2 are provided inside.
- the protection element 100 of the present embodiment the stress due to the pressure rise in the case 6 when the fuse element 2 blows is applied to the case 6 and the cover 4 covering the side surface of the case 6 along the X direction. . Therefore, for example, as compared with the case where the cover 4 is not provided, excellent strength against pressure rise in the case 6 can be obtained. Therefore, the protective element 100 of the present embodiment is less likely to break when the fuse element 2 blows, and has excellent safety.
- the case 6 is composed of the first case 6a and the second case 6b arranged to face the first case 6a and the fuse element 2.
- 2 case 6 b sandwiches a part of first terminal 61 and second terminal 62 and is fixed by cover 4 . Therefore, when the fuse element 2 is fused, the pressure of the gas generated inside the housing portion 60 is distributed substantially evenly to the first case 6a and the second case 6b.
- the first case 6a and the second case 6b are fixed by the cover 4, the first case 6a and the second case 6b are prevented from being separated from each other due to an increase in pressure inside the housing portion 60.
- the cover 4 reinforces the side surface of the case 6 along the X direction. As a result, the protective element 100 is more resistant to breakage when the fuse element 2 is fused.
- the protective element 100 of this embodiment has an internal pressure buffering space 71 surrounded by the outer surface of the case 6 and the inner surface of the cover 4, and the case 6 extends through the case 6 to form the accommodating portion 60 and the internal pressure buffering space.
- the space formed by the housing portion 60 and the internal pressure buffering space 71 is sealed by the outer surface of the case 6 and the outer surface of the cover 4. ing. Therefore, the gas generated inside the housing portion 60 of the case 6 when the fuse element 2 is fused flows into the internal pressure buffering space 71 through the side air vent 77 , the guide hole 66 and the bottom air vent 69 . As a result, an increase in pressure inside the housing portion 60 is suppressed.
- the pressure in the direction orthogonal to the X direction is mainly applied to the cover 4
- the pressure in the direction along the X direction is mainly applied to the end members 72 of the case 6 .
- the protection element 100 of the present embodiment is made of an insulating material, and has a plate-like portion in which the first surface 31 is arranged to face the fuse element 2 and the second surface 32 is arranged in contact with the rotating shaft 33 extending in the Y direction. 30, and the area of the plate-like portion 30 viewed from the fuse element 2 differs between a first area 30a and a second area 30b divided by a contact position 33a between the plate-like portion 30 and the rotating shaft 33.
- the first surface 31 of the first shielding member 3a and the second shielding member 3b is pressed by the pressure increase in the housing portion 60 due to the arc discharge that occurs when the fuse element 2 melts. be.
- the first shielding member 3a and the second shielding member 3b rotate about the rotating shaft 33, respectively.
- the inside of the housing portion 60 is blocked and divided at two locations in the X direction by the first shielding member 3a and the second shielding member 3b.
- a space sandwiched between the first shielding member 3a and the second shielding member 3b is formed.
- This space includes the bottom surface of the shielding member housing groove 34, the recess 68, the first edge 31a of the first surface 31 of the plate-like portion 30 of the first shielding member 3a and the second shielding member 3b, and the second shielding member 3b. It is surrounded by the portion of the surface 32 in contact with the rotating shaft 33 and the side surface of the plate-like portion 30 .
- the inside of the accommodating portion 60 is divided by the first shielding member 3a and the second shielding member 3b, so that the fused surfaces or cut surfaces of the fuse element 2 that has been cut or fused are insulated from each other.
- the two insertion holes 64 opening in the housing portion 60 are separated, and the current path is cut off. As a result, the arc discharge that occurs when the fuse element 2 is fused is extinguished (arc extinguished) quickly.
- the protection element 100 of the present embodiment can prevent the housing portion 60 from being destroyed due to the pressure increase in the housing portion 60, and is excellent in safety.
- the protection element 100 of the present embodiment can be preferably installed in a current path of a high voltage of 100 V or more and a large current of 100 A or more, and can be installed in a current path of a high voltage of 400 V or more and a large current of 120 A or more.
- the fuse element 2 has an inner layer made of Sn or a metal containing Sn as a main component and an outer layer made of Ag or Cu or a metal containing Ag or Cu as a main component in the thickness direction. It is more preferable that the shielding member 3, the case 6 and the cover 4 are made of a resin material. In such a protective element, the arc discharge that occurs when the fuse element 2 is fused can be further reduced and the size of the protective element can be further reduced for the following reasons.
- the fusing temperature of the fuse element 2 is as low as 300 to 400°C, for example. Therefore, even if the shielding member 3, the case 6 and the cover 4 are made of resin material, sufficient heat resistance can be obtained. In addition, since the fusing temperature of the fuse element 2 is low, even if the shielding member 3 and/or the inner surface of the housing portion 60 and the cut portion 23 of the fuse element 2 are placed in contact with each other, the fuse element 2 can reach the fusing temperature in a short time. reach. Therefore, the distance in the Z direction between the shielding member 3 and/or the inner surface of the housing portion 60 and the fuse element 2 can be sufficiently shortened without interfering with the function of the fuse element 2 .
- the resin material forming the shielding member 3, the case 6, and the cover 4 is decomposed by the heat associated with the fusing of the fuse element 2, generating pyrolysis gas, and the heat of vaporization
- the inside of the housing portion 60 is cooled (ablation effect by resin).
- the case 6 and the cover 4 are made of a resin material, the inner surface of the shielding member 3 and/or the housing portion 60 and the fuse By shortening the distance in the Z direction between the elements 2, the arc discharge can be made smaller and the size can be further reduced.
- nylon 46 or nylon 66 is preferably used from the viewpoint of heat resistance and flame resistance.
- the ablation effect of the resin affects the Y-direction distance of the concave portion 68 forming the inner surface of the housing portion 60 , the shielding member housing groove 34 , the fuse element mounting surface 65 , and the Y-direction distance of the first surface 31 of the shielding member 3 . More effective results are obtained when the distance is 1.5 times or more the length (widths 21D, 22D) of the fuse element 2 in the Y direction.
- a protection element having a fuse element made of Cu and a case made of a ceramic material may be difficult to miniaturize for the following reasons. That is, when the fuse element is made of Cu, the fusing temperature of the fuse element becomes a high temperature of 1000° C. or more. Therefore, if a resin material is used as the material for the case, the heat resistance of the case may be insufficient. Therefore, ceramic materials, which are excellent in heat resistance, are used as materials for the case.
- the fusing temperature of the fuse element is high, and ceramic material is used as the material of the case. is radiated through the case, making it difficult for the fuse element to reach the fusing temperature. Therefore, it is necessary to secure a sufficient distance between the cut portion and the inner surface of the case. Therefore, in a protective element having a fuse element made of Cu and a case made of a ceramic material, a wide accommodating portion must be provided in the case.
- the protection element of the present invention is not limited to the protection element 100 of the first embodiment described above.
- the cutting portion 23 is arranged near the center of the fuse element 2 in the X direction
- the first shielding member 3a and the second shielding member 3b have the same shape
- the first shielding member 3a and the second shielding member 3b have different lengths in the X direction.
- the first case 6a has a housing portion shape corresponding to the shape of the first shielding member 3a
- the second case 6b has a housing portion shape corresponding to the shape of the second shielding member 3b. assumed.
- the protective element 100 having the shielding member 3 has been described as an example. , is installed in the housing portion 60 as required, and may not be installed. If the protective element does not have a shielding member, it is not necessary to provide a shielding member receiving groove in the receiving portion. Therefore, for example, instead of the shielding member accommodating groove, the bottom surface of the fuse element mounting surface can be extended to the area where the shielding member accommodating groove was arranged. Also, if the protective element does not have a shielding member, no guide hole is required. Furthermore, in order to quickly extinguish (arc extinguish) the arc discharge that occurs when the fuse element is blown, a fuse element mounting surface may be provided instead of the concave portion in the accommodating portion. In this case, it is preferable to provide one or two or more bottom ventilation holes on the bottom of the fuse element mounting surface.
- the case where the cover 4 has a cylindrical shape has been described as an example. It may have a shape such as a cylindrical shape, and is not limited to a cylindrical shape. If the cover does not have a cylindrical shape, the cross-sectional shape of the end members of the first case and the second case preferably have a shape corresponding to the cross-sectional shape of the cover. This is because the inside of the cover can be easily sealed.
- the above-described first embodiment 100 may be provided with pressing means such as a spring that applies force in the direction of rotation of the shielding member to the second surface of the plate-like portion, if necessary.
- pressing means such as a spring that applies force in the direction of rotation of the shielding member to the second surface of the plate-like portion, if necessary.
Landscapes
- Fuses (AREA)
Abstract
Description
本願は、2021年2月19日に、日本に出願された特願2021-025652号に基づき優先権を主張し、その内容をここに援用する。
前記第2端部と電気的に接続された第2端子と、
絶縁材料からなり、前記ヒューズエレメントを収納する収容部が内部に設けられ、前記第1端子および前記第2端子の一部を外部に露出させるケースと、
筒状形状を有する絶縁材料からなり、前記ケースの前記第1方向に沿う側面を被覆し、第1端から前記第1端子の一部を露出させ、第2端から前記第2端子の一部を露出させるカバーとを有する、保護素子。
前記第1ケースと前記第2ケースとが、前記第1端子および前記第2端子の一部を挟持し、前記カバーによって固定されている、[1]に記載の保護素子。
[3] 前記ケースの外面と前記カバーの内面とに囲まれた内圧緩衝空間を有し、
前記ケースが、前記ケースを貫通して前記収容部と前記内圧緩衝空間とを連通する通気孔を有し、
前記ケースの外面と前記カバーの内面とによって、前記収容部と前記内圧緩衝空間とからなる空間領域が密閉されている、[1]または[2]に記載の保護素子。
[5] 前記樹脂材料が、耐トラッキング指標CTIが600V以上の樹脂材料で形成されている、[4]に記載の保護素子。
[6] 前記ナイロン系樹脂が、ベンゼン環を含まない樹脂である、請求項4に記載の保護素子。
[8] 前記低融点金属は、SnもしくはSnを主成分とする金属からなり、
前記高融点金属は、AgもしくはCu、またはAgもしくはCuを主成分とする金属からなる、[7]に記載の保護素子。
図1~図11は、第1実施形態に係る保護素子を示した模式図である。以下の説明で用いる図面において、Xで示す方向はヒューズエレメントの通電方向(第1方向)である。Yで示す方向はX方向(第1方向)と直交する方向であり、Zで示す方向は、X方向およびY方向に直交する方向である。
本実施形態の保護素子100は、ヒューズエレメント2の溶断時に発生するアーク放電による収容部60内の圧力上昇によって、図5および図6に示すように、遮蔽部材3が回転軸33を中心として回転し、遮蔽部材3によって収容部60内が分断される。
図7は、第1実施形態の保護素子100の一部を説明するための拡大図であり、ヒューズエレメントと、第1端子と、第2端子とを示した斜視図である。
図7に示すように、ヒューズエレメント2は、帯状であり、第1端部21と、第2端部22と、第1端部21と第2端部22との間に設けられた括れ部からなる切断部23とを有している。ヒューズエレメント2は、第1端部21から第2端部22に向かう方向であるX方向(第1方向)に通電される。
図3および図7に示すように、第1端部21は、第1端子61と電気的に接続されている。第2端部22は、第2端子62と電気的に接続されている。
ヒューズエレメント2の厚みは、例えば、0.03~1.0mmとすることができ、好ましくは、0.2~0.5mmとすることができる。
図7に示すように、第1端部21におけるX方向の長さは、第1端子61と平面視で重なる領域から切断部23側に延在している。また、図7に示すように、第2端部22におけるX方向の長さは、第2端子62と平面視で重なる領域から切断部23側に延在している。図7に示すヒューズエレメント2においては、第2端部22におけるX方向の長さと、第1端部21におけるX方向の長さとが、略同じとなっている。言い換えると、本実施形態では、切断部23が、ヒューズエレメント2のX方向中心に配置されている。
例えば、図7に示すヒューズエレメント2に代えて、Y方向の断面積が均一な線状または帯状のヒューズエレメントを設けることも可能である。この場合、ヒューズエレメントの切断部のY方向(第2方向)の断面積は、ヒューズエレメントの切断部以外の領域の断面積と同じである。
また、本実施形態では、屈曲部として、帯状部材が略直角に2回折り曲げられた第1屈曲部24aおよび第2屈曲部24bを例に挙げて説明したが、屈曲部を形成している帯状素材が折り曲げられている角度および回数は特に限定されない。
ヒューズエレメント2が、低融点金属からなる内層と、高融点金属からなる外層とが厚み方向に積層された積層体からなるものである場合、低融点金属の体積が高融点金属の体積よりも多い方が、ヒューズエレメント2の電流遮断特性上好ましい。
ここで、低融点とは120℃~260℃の範囲であることが好ましい。また、主成分とは50質量%以上含有することをいう。
また、Agを主成分とする金属を外層として形成した場合、ヒューズエレメント2の抵抗値を効率良く低下させることができ、保護素子としての定格電流を高く設定できるため、好ましい。
ここで、高融点とは800℃~1200℃の範囲であることが好ましい。また、主成分とは90質量%以上含有することをいう。
ヒューズエレメント2は、1枚のみ使用してもよいし、必要に応じて複数枚積層して使用してもよい。本実施形態では、ヒューズエレメント2として、2枚積層したものを使用する場合を例に挙げて説明するが、1枚のみ使用してもよいし、3枚以上積層したものを使用してもよい。
例えば、ヒューズエレメント2が、低融点金属からなる内層と、高融点金属からなる外層とが厚み方向に積層された積層体からなり、括れ部からなる切断部23のY方向の側面に、外層が形成されていないものである場合、以下に示す方法により製造できる。まず、低融点金属からなる金属箔を用意する。次に、金属箔の表面全面に、めっき法を用いて高融点金属層を形成し、積層板とする。その後、積層板を切断して括れ部からなる切断部23を有する所定の形状とする。以上の工程により、3層構造の積層体からなるヒューズエレメント2が得られる。
遮蔽部材3は、図1~図6に示すように、第1遮蔽部材3aと、第1遮蔽部材3aと同形の第2遮蔽部材3bとからなる。本実施形態では、第1遮蔽部材3aと第2遮蔽部材3bとが同形であるので、同じ材料を用いて製造することにより、製造する部品の種類を少なくすることができ、好ましい。第1遮蔽部材3aと第2遮蔽部材3bとは、異なる材料で形成されたものであってもよい。
本実施形態では、遮蔽部材3として、第1遮蔽部材3aと第2遮蔽部材3bの2つを有する場合を例に挙げて説明するが、遮蔽部材3は、第1遮蔽部材3aと第2遮蔽部材3bのうち、いずれか一方のみであってもよい。
図8A~図8Bは、第1実施形態の保護素子100に備えられた第1遮蔽部材3aの構造を説明するための図面である。図8Aは収容部側から見た斜視図であり、図8Bはヒューズエレメント側から見た斜視図である。図9は、第1実施形態の保護素子100に備えられた第1遮蔽部材3aの構造を説明するための図面である。図9(a)はヒューズエレメント側から見た平面図であり、図9(b)は収容部側から見た平面図であり、図9(c)~(e)は側面図である。
第1遮蔽部材3aはヒューズエレメント2と収容部60を含む第1ケース6aとに挟まれている。ヒューズエレメント側とは、第1遮蔽部材3aについて、ヒューズエレメント2が配置されている側をいう。収容部側とは、第1遮蔽部材3aについて、収容部60を含む第1ケース6aが配置されている側をいう。
板状部30の第1面31は、ヒューズエレメント2と近接または接して配置され、図3および図4に示すように、ヒューズエレメント2と接して配置されていることが好ましく、第1面31の全面がヒューズエレメント2と接して配置されていることがより好ましい。第1面31とヒューズエレメント2とが接して配置されていると、ヒューズエレメント2の溶断時に発生するアーク放電がより一層小規模となる。
凸部38は、図5および図6に示すように、ヒューズエレメント2の溶断時に、ガイド孔66に収容され、所定の位置に第1遮蔽部材3aを回転移動させるガイドとして機能する。したがって、第1遮蔽部材3aが凸部38を有することにより、ヒューズエレメント2の溶断時に、第1遮蔽部材3aが所定の位置に回転移動しやすいものなる。その結果、第1遮蔽部材3aが回転することによって、収容部60内がより確実に分断される。
本実施形態では、凸部38が第2面32の第2端面32bにおけるY方向中心部に配置されているので、ヒューズエレメント2の溶断時に回転移動する第1遮蔽部材3aの位置ずれが、より効果的に防止される。
また、本実施形態では、凸部38が第2面32のY方向中心部に配置されている場合を例に挙げて説明したが、第2面32上における凸部のY方向の位置は、中心部でなくてもよい。
セラミックス材料としては、アルミナ、ムライト、ジルコニアなどを例示でき、アルミナなどの熱伝導率の高い材料を用いることが好ましい。第1遮蔽部材3aおよび第2遮蔽部材3bがセラミックス材料などの熱伝導率の高い材料で形成されている場合、ヒューズエレメント2の切断時に発生した熱を効率よく外部に放熱できる。したがって、ヒューズエレメント2の切断時に発生するアーク放電の継続がより効果的に抑制される。
半芳香族ポリアミドとしては、例えば、ナイロン6T、ナイロン9Tなどを用いることができる。
例えば、保護素子100における遮蔽部材3、ケース6およびカバー4が、脂肪族ポリアミドであるナイロン66からなる場合、ベンゼン環を有する半芳香族ポリアミドであるナイロン9Tからなる場合と比較して、電流遮断後の絶縁抵抗が10倍~10000倍となる。
ナイロン系樹脂は、樹脂材料の中でも特に、耐トラッキング性(トラッキング(炭化導電路)破壊に対する耐性)が高く、好ましい。
第1遮蔽部材3aおよび第2遮蔽部材3bは、公知の方法により製造できる。
ケース6は、図1~図3に示すように、略円柱状である。ケース6は、第1ケース6aと、第2ケース6bとからなり、第1ケース6aと、第2ケース6bとがヒューズエレメント2に対して対向配置されている。第1ケース6aと第2ケース6bとの間には、第1端子61および第2端子62の一部が挟持され、カバー4によって固定されている。第1端子61はケース6のX方向の第1端側に挟持され、第2端子62はケース6のX方向の第2端側に把持されている。
図1~図3に示すように、第1ケース6aと第2ケース6bは、同形であり、略半円柱状である。本実施形態では、第1ケース6aと第2ケース6bとが同形であるので、同じ材料を用いて製造することにより、製造する部品の種類を少なくすることができ、好ましい。第1ケース6aと第2ケース6bとは、異なる材料で形成されたものであってもよい。
図3に示すように、2つの挿入孔64のうち一方には、ヒューズエレメント2の第1端部21が収容され、もう一方の挿入孔64には、ヒューズエレメント2の第2端部22が収容されている。
図1および図3に示すように、ヒューズエレメント2に接続された第1端子61および第2端子62の一部が、ケース6の外部に露出されている。
図10A~図10Cは、第1実施形態の保護素子100に備えられた第1ケース6aの構造を説明するための図面である。図10Aは第1ケース6aを外側から見た斜視図であり、図10Bおよび図10Cは第1ケース6aの収容部内部の斜視図である。図11は、第1実施形態の保護素子100に備えられた第1ケース6aの構造を説明するための図面である。図11(a)は第1ケース6aの収容部内部の平面図であり、図11(b)は第1ケース6aを外側から見た平面図であり、図11(c)~(e)は第1ケース6aの側面図である。
図10B、図10C、図11(a)に示すように、第1ケース6aにおいて、第2ケース6bと一体化されることにより収容部60の内面とされる領域には、凹部68と、遮蔽部材収容溝34と、ヒューズエレメント載置面65とが設けられている。
本実施形態では、凹部68のX方向長さに対する第1底面68cのX方向長さの割合(第1底面68c/凹部68のX方向長さ)は、板状部30の面積と第1面積30aとの割合(第1面積30a/板状部30の面積)と略同じであり、0.5未満であり、0.2~0.49であることが好ましく、0.3~0.4であることがより好ましい。
ここで、凹部68のX方向長さとは、凹部68の第1壁面68aから第2壁面68bまでのX方向長さとする。
本実施形態では、略円筒形の底面通気孔69が設けられている場合を例に挙げて説明したが、通気孔の形状は、略円筒形に限定されるものではなく、例えば、長円筒状、楕円筒状、多角形筒状などであってもよい。
2つの底面通気孔69は、図11(a)に示すように、Y方向中心に対して対称に配置されている。このため、ヒューズエレメント2の溶断時に、収容部60内の気体が、2つの底面通気孔69を介して、収容部60の外に均等かつ速やかに排出されやすく、好ましい。
リーク防止溝35は、略一定の幅および深さで形成されている。リーク防止溝35の幅および深さは、リーク防止溝35によって、ヒューズエレメント2の溶断時に飛散した付着物によって形成される電通経路を分断し、リーク電流を防止できればよく、特に限定されない。
例えば、本実施形態では、端子載置面64bが、鍔部61cを有する第1端子61および鍔部62cを有する第2端子62の平面形状である略T型形状に対応する外形形状を有することが好ましい。本構成によれば、鍔部61c、鍔部62cが抜けにくく、信頼性および耐久性の良好な保護素子100となる。
また、図10B、図10C、図11(a)に示すように、第1ケース6aの第2ケース6bと接合される接合面70に形成された4つの切り欠き76aのうち、ヒューズエレメント載置面65側に形成された2つの切り欠き76aと、端子載置面64bとの間には、それぞれ平面視略円形の勘合凸部67が形成されている。各勘合凹部63は、第1ケース6aと第2ケース6bとが一体化されることにより、各勘合凸部67と嵌合される。
本実施形態では、ヒューズエレメント2の溶断時における内圧緩衝空間71内の圧力上昇による応力に耐えうるように、端部材72におけるX方向の長さ(厚み)が十分に確保されている。具体的には、端部材72におけるX方向の長さは、例えば、カバー4の厚みの1~3倍とすることが好ましい。
第1ケース6aおよび第2ケース6bは、公知の方法により製造できる。
カバー4は、図1に示すように、ケース6のX方向に沿う側面を被覆するとともに、第1ケース6aと第2ケース6bとを固定する。カバー4は、図1および図3に示すように、第1端41から第1端子61の一部を露出させ、第2端42から第2端子62の一部を露出させている。
カバー4は、図2に示すように、略均一な厚みの円筒形状を有し、図3に示すように、第1ケース6aの端部材72と第2ケース6bの端部材72とが一体化された略円柱状の形状に対応する内径を有する。図2および図3に示すように、カバー4の開口部における内側の縁部は、面取りされた傾斜面4aとされている。
本実施形態では、ケース6の外面とカバー4の内面とによって、収容部60と内圧緩衝空間71とからなる空間領域が密閉されている。
カバー4は、公知の方法により製造できる。
次に、本実施形態の保護素子100の製造方法について、説明する。
本実施形態の保護素子100を製造するには、まず、ヒューズエレメント2と、第1端子61および第2端子62とを用意する。そして、図7に示すように、ヒューズエレメント2の第1端部21上に第1端子61をハンダ付けすることにより接続する。また、第2端部22上に第2端子62をハンダ付けすることにより接続する。
ヒューズエレメント2の第1端部21と第2端部22、および第1端子61と第2端子62とは、溶接による接合によって接続されていてもよく、公知の接合方法を用いることができる。
そして、第1ケース6aの凹部68内に、第1遮蔽部材3aを設置する。このとき、図4に示すように、第1遮蔽部材3aの板状部30における第2面32を、第1ケース6aの凹部68内に形成されている段差(回転軸33)に接して配置する。また、第2ケース6bの凹部68内に、第2遮蔽部材3bを設置する。このとき、図4に示すように、第2遮蔽部材3bの板状部30における第2面32を、第2ケース6bの凹部68内に形成されている段差(回転軸33)に接して配置する。図12Aは、第2遮蔽部材3bの設置された第2ケース6bを、収容部60となる側から見た斜視図である。
その後、カバー4の傾斜面4a、第1接着剤注入口78、第2接着剤注入口76に、それぞれ接着剤を注入する。接着剤としては、例えば、熱硬化性樹脂を含む接着剤を用いることができる。このことにより、カバー4内が密閉され、図1および図3に示すように、収容部60と内圧緩衝空間71とからなる空間領域が、ケース6の外面とカバー4の内面とによって密閉される。
以上の工程により、本実施形態の保護素子100が得られる。
次に、本実施形態の保護素子100のヒューズエレメント2に、定格電流を越えた電流が流れた場合における保護素子100の動作について説明する。
本実施形態の保護素子100のヒューズエレメント2に定格電流を越えた電流が流れると、ヒューズエレメント2は、過電流による発熱によって昇温する。そして、ヒューズエレメント2の切断部23が、昇温により溶融すると、溶断もしくは切断される。このとき、切断部23の切断面もしくは溶断面同士の間にスパークが発生し、アーク放電が発生する。
したがって、本実施形態の保護素子100では、ヒューズエレメント2の溶断時におけるケース6内の圧力上昇による応力が、ケース6と、ケース6のX方向に沿う側面を被覆するカバー4とに負荷される。このため、例えば、カバー4を有さない場合と比較して、ケース6内の圧力上昇に対して優れた強度が得られる。よって、本実施形態の保護素子100は、ヒューズエレメント2の溶断時に破壊しにくく、優れた安全性を有する。
本実施形態の保護素子100は、例えば、100V以上の高電圧かつ100A以上の大電流の電流経路に好ましく設置でき、400V以上の高電圧かつ120A以上の大電流の電流経路にも設置できる。
すなわち、ヒューズエレメントがCuからなる場合、ヒューズエレメントの溶断温度は、1000℃以上の高温となる。このため、ケースの材料として樹脂材料を用いると、ケースの耐熱性が不足する可能性がある。したがって、ケースの材料としては、耐熱性に優れる材料であるセラミックス材料が用いられる。
本発明の保護素子は、上述した第1実施形態の保護素子100に限定されるものではない。
例えば、上述した第1実施形態の保護素子100では、切断部23が、ヒューズエレメント2のX方向中心付近に配置され、第1遮蔽部材3aと第2遮蔽部材3bとが同形であり、第1ケース6aと第2ケース6bとが同形である場合を例に挙げて説明したが、切断部の位置は、ヒューズエレメントのX方向中心付近でなくてもよい。この場合、第1遮蔽部材3aと第2遮蔽部材3bは、X方向の長さが異なるものとされる。また、第1ケース6aは、第1遮蔽部材3aの形状に対応する収容部の形状を有するものとされ、第2ケース6bは、第2遮蔽部材3bの形状に対応する収容部の形状を有するものとされる。
3 遮蔽部材
3a 第1遮蔽部材
3b 第2遮蔽部材
4 カバー
41 第1端
42 第2端
6 ケース
6a 第1ケース
6b 第2ケース
21 第1端部
22 第2端部
23 切断部(括れ部)
24a 第1屈曲部
24b 第2屈曲部
25 第1連結部
26 第2連結部
30 板状部
33a 接触位置
30a 第1面積
30b 第2面積
31 第1面
31a、32a 第1端辺
31b 第2端辺
32 第2面
32b 第2端面
33 回転軸
34 遮蔽部材収容溝
35 リーク防止溝
38 凸部
60 収容部
61 第1端子
61a、62a 外部端子孔
61c、62c 鍔部
62 第2端子
63 勘合凹部
64 挿入孔
64a 挿入孔形成面
64b 端子載置面
65 ヒューズエレメント載置面
66 ガイド孔
67 勘合凸部
68 凹部
68a 第1壁面
68b 第2壁面
68c 第1底面
68d 第2底面
69 底面通気孔
70 接合面
71 内圧緩衝空間
72 端部材
73 第1緩衝用凹部
74 第2凹部
75 第2緩衝用凹部
76 第2接着剤注入口
76a 切り欠き
77 側面通気口
77a 側面凹部
78 第1接着剤注入口
78a 切り欠き
100 保護素子
Claims (8)
- 第1端部から第2端部に向かう第1方向に通電されるヒューズエレメントと、
前記第1端部と電気的に接続された第1端子と、
前記第2端部と電気的に接続された第2端子と、
絶縁材料からなり、前記ヒューズエレメントを収納する収容部が内部に設けられ、前記第1端子および前記第2端子の一部を外部に露出させるケースと、
筒状形状を有する絶縁材料からなり、前記ケースの前記第1方向に沿う側面を被覆し、第1端から前記第1端子の一部を露出させ、第2端から前記第2端子の一部を露出させるカバーとを有する、保護素子。 - 前記ケースが、第1ケースと、前記第1ケースと前記ヒューズエレメントに対して対向配置された第2ケースとからなり、
前記第1ケースと前記第2ケースとが、前記第1端子および前記第2端子の一部を挟持し、前記カバーによって固定されている、請求項1に記載の保護素子。 - 前記ケースの外面と前記カバーの内面とに囲まれた内圧緩衝空間を有し、
前記ケースが、前記ケースを貫通して前記収容部と前記内圧緩衝空間とを連通する通気孔を有し、
前記ケースの外面と前記カバーの内面とによって、前記収容部と前記内圧緩衝空間とからなる空間領域が密閉されている、請求項1に記載の保護素子。 - 前記ケースと前記カバーの一方または両方が、ナイロン系樹脂、フッ素系樹脂、ポリフタルアミド樹脂から選ばれるいずれか一種の樹脂材料からなる、請求項1に記載の保護素子。
- 前記樹脂材料が、耐トラッキング指標CTIが600V以上の樹脂材料で形成されている、請求項4に記載の保護素子。
- 前記ナイロン系樹脂が、ベンゼン環を含まない樹脂である、請求項4に記載の保護素子。
- 前記ヒューズエレメントが、低融点金属からなる内層と、高融点金属からなる外層とが厚み方向に積層された積層体からなる、請求項1~請求項6のいずれか一項に記載の保護素子。
- 前記低融点金属は、SnもしくはSnを主成分とする金属からなり、
前記高融点金属は、AgもしくはCu、またはAgもしくはCuを主成分とする金属からなる、請求項7に記載の保護素子。
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JPS55123174U (ja) * | 1979-02-23 | 1980-09-01 | ||
JP2002313211A (ja) * | 2001-04-11 | 2002-10-25 | Asahi Denki Seisakusho:Kk | 速断形ヒューズの組立方法 |
JP2004119105A (ja) * | 2002-09-25 | 2004-04-15 | Taiheiyo Seiko Kk | 限流ヒューズ |
JP2019121550A (ja) * | 2018-01-10 | 2019-07-22 | デクセリアルズ株式会社 | ヒューズ素子 |
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JP2011238489A (ja) | 2010-05-11 | 2011-11-24 | Yazaki Corp | ヒューズ |
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JPS55123174U (ja) * | 1979-02-23 | 1980-09-01 | ||
JP2002313211A (ja) * | 2001-04-11 | 2002-10-25 | Asahi Denki Seisakusho:Kk | 速断形ヒューズの組立方法 |
JP2004119105A (ja) * | 2002-09-25 | 2004-04-15 | Taiheiyo Seiko Kk | 限流ヒューズ |
JP2019121550A (ja) * | 2018-01-10 | 2019-07-22 | デクセリアルズ株式会社 | ヒューズ素子 |
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CN116569300A (zh) | 2023-08-08 |
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