WO2022176355A1 - 金属除去濾材およびカートリッジフィルター - Google Patents
金属除去濾材およびカートリッジフィルター Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022176355A1 WO2022176355A1 PCT/JP2021/046149 JP2021046149W WO2022176355A1 WO 2022176355 A1 WO2022176355 A1 WO 2022176355A1 JP 2021046149 W JP2021046149 W JP 2021046149W WO 2022176355 A1 WO2022176355 A1 WO 2022176355A1
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- Prior art keywords
- metal
- filter medium
- graft
- group
- polyethylene porous
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- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title abstract description 40
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title abstract description 40
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title abstract description 33
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 title abstract description 8
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- NBZBKCUXIYYUSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N iminodiacetic acid Chemical group OC(=O)CNCC(O)=O NBZBKCUXIYYUSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethanolamine Chemical group OCCNCCO ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 125000001453 quaternary ammonium group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 125000000467 secondary amino group Chemical group [H]N([*:1])[*:2] 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 125000001302 tertiary amino group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 125000002467 phosphate group Chemical group [H]OP(=O)(O[H])O[*] 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000010559 graft polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical group OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000379 polymerizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 27
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 22
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 19
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 16
- 238000010894 electron beam technology Methods 0.000 description 12
- VOZRXNHHFUQHIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N glycidyl methacrylate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCC1CO1 VOZRXNHHFUQHIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229910021642 ultra pure water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 239000012498 ultrapure water Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000002845 discoloration Methods 0.000 description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- HAXVIVNBOQIMTE-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium;2-(carboxylatomethylamino)acetate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)CNCC([O-])=O HAXVIVNBOQIMTE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 230000001012 protector Effects 0.000 description 6
- GEHJYWRUCIMESM-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium sulfite Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])=O GEHJYWRUCIMESM-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 6
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 6
- 125000000542 sulfonic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 229920001903 high density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000004700 high-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000004699 Ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000013522 chelant Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920000785 ultra high molecular weight polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 4
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- LLHKCFNBLRBOGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene glycol methyl ether acetate Chemical compound COCC(C)OC(C)=O LLHKCFNBLRBOGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 235000010265 sodium sulphite Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005341 cation exchange Methods 0.000 description 2
- JHIVVAPYMSGYDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexanone Chemical compound O=C1CCCCC1 JHIVVAPYMSGYDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NNBZCPXTIHJBJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N decalin Chemical compound C1CCCC2CCCCC21 NNBZCPXTIHJBJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 2
- IWTYTFSSTWXZFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-chloroprop-1-enylbenzene Chemical compound ClCC=CC1=CC=CC=C1 IWTYTFSSTWXZFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylonitrile Chemical compound C=CC#N NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005349 anion exchange Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003749 cleanliness Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002120 photoresistant polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000005498 phthalate group Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- PXXNTAGJWPJAGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N vertaline Natural products C1C2C=3C=C(OC)C(OC)=CC=3OC(C=C3)=CC=C3CCC(=O)OC1CC1N2CCCC1 PXXNTAGJWPJAGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J39/00—Cation exchange; Use of material as cation exchangers; Treatment of material for improving the cation exchange properties
- B01J39/04—Processes using organic exchangers
- B01J39/05—Processes using organic exchangers in the strongly acidic form
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D67/00—Processes specially adapted for manufacturing semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus
- B01D67/0081—After-treatment of organic or inorganic membranes
- B01D67/0093—Chemical modification
- B01D67/00931—Chemical modification by introduction of specific groups after membrane formation, e.g. by grafting
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D15/00—Separating processes involving the treatment of liquids with solid sorbents; Apparatus therefor
- B01D15/08—Selective adsorption, e.g. chromatography
- B01D15/26—Selective adsorption, e.g. chromatography characterised by the separation mechanism
- B01D15/36—Selective adsorption, e.g. chromatography characterised by the separation mechanism involving ionic interaction
- B01D15/361—Ion-exchange
- B01D15/362—Cation-exchange
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D39/00—Filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
- B01D39/14—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material
- B01D39/16—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of organic material, e.g. synthetic fibres
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D63/00—Apparatus in general for separation processes using semi-permeable membranes
- B01D63/14—Pleat-type membrane modules
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D71/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by the material; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D71/06—Organic material
- B01D71/26—Polyalkenes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D71/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by the material; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D71/06—Organic material
- B01D71/26—Polyalkenes
- B01D71/261—Polyethylene
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D71/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by the material; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D71/06—Organic material
- B01D71/76—Macromolecular material not specifically provided for in a single one of groups B01D71/08 - B01D71/74
- B01D71/78—Graft polymers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D71/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by the material; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D71/06—Organic material
- B01D71/76—Macromolecular material not specifically provided for in a single one of groups B01D71/08 - B01D71/74
- B01D71/82—Macromolecular material not specifically provided for in a single one of groups B01D71/08 - B01D71/74 characterised by the presence of specified groups, e.g. introduced by chemical after-treatment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J39/00—Cation exchange; Use of material as cation exchangers; Treatment of material for improving the cation exchange properties
- B01J39/08—Use of material as cation exchangers; Treatment of material for improving the cation exchange properties
- B01J39/16—Organic material
- B01J39/18—Macromolecular compounds
- B01J39/20—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving unsaturated carbon-to-carbon bonds
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J41/00—Anion exchange; Use of material as anion exchangers; Treatment of material for improving the anion exchange properties
- B01J41/04—Processes using organic exchangers
- B01J41/05—Processes using organic exchangers in the strongly basic form
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J41/00—Anion exchange; Use of material as anion exchangers; Treatment of material for improving the anion exchange properties
- B01J41/08—Use of material as anion exchangers; Treatment of material for improving the anion exchange properties
- B01J41/12—Macromolecular compounds
- B01J41/14—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving unsaturated carbon-to-carbon bonds
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J47/00—Ion-exchange processes in general; Apparatus therefor
- B01J47/12—Ion-exchange processes in general; Apparatus therefor characterised by the use of ion-exchange material in the form of ribbons, filaments, fibres or sheets, e.g. membranes
Definitions
- the present invention relates to metal-removing filter media and cartridge filters.
- filters that have been given metal-collecting ability by the graft polymerization method are mainly used to remove metals from chemical solutions used in semiconductor manufacturing.
- a cartridge filter which is made of a fibrous material in which an ion exchange group or a chelate functional group is introduced into a polyethylene nonwoven fabric by a radiation graft polymerization method.
- metal impurities are removed from a photoresist solvent by a cation exchange membrane made of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene and having a pore size of about 2 ⁇ m, in which sulfonic acid groups are introduced by graft polymerization. It is
- the base material is a non-woven fabric, and the gaps between the fibers are uneven and the contact area with the liquid is small, so there is a problem that high metal removal performance cannot be obtained. If the basis weight of the base material is increased in order to increase the contact area, the flow rate per unit area decreases, making it difficult to achieve both a high flow rate and high removal performance.
- Patent Document 2 a polyethylene film with a larger contact area with liquid than non-woven fabric is used as the base material, achieving high metal removal performance while maintaining a high flow rate.
- a sulfonic acid group which is a strongly acidic cation exchange group, is introduced, there arises a problem that the hydrogen ions released when the metal is captured denature the organic solvent.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a metal-removing filter medium, a method for producing a metal-removing filter medium, and a cartridge filter that have high metal-removing performance while maintaining a flow rate per unit area and do not denature organic solvents. .
- the inventors of the present invention have made intensive studies, and as a result, in a metal-removing filter medium comprising a polyethylene porous membrane and a graft chain, the graft ratio of the graft chain is defined within a predetermined range and a predetermined By introducing a functional functional group into the side chain and defining the basis weight within a predetermined range, a metal-removing filter medium having high metal-removing performance while maintaining the flow rate per unit area and not denaturing the organic solvent is obtained. I found what I got.
- the present invention provides a metal-removing filter medium having a basis weight of 30 to 120 g/m 2 , comprising a polyethylene porous substrate and graft chains fixed to the polyethylene porous substrate and having functional functional groups.
- the graft chain has a graft ratio of 40 to 150%, and the functional group includes a quaternary ammonium group, a primary, secondary or tertiary amino group, an iminodiacetic acid group, a phosphate group, and A metal-removing filter medium characterized by being selected from iminodiethanol groups.
- the present invention also provides a method for producing the aforementioned metal-removing filter medium, wherein a vinyl group-containing reactive monomer is added to a polyethylene porous substrate having a basis weight of 15 to 50 g/m 2 and a porosity of 70% or more by radiation graft polymerization.
- the present invention is a cartridge filter comprising a pleated filter medium, wherein the filter medium is the aforementioned metal-removing filter medium.
- a metal-removing filter medium it is possible to provide a metal-removing filter medium, a method for producing a metal-removing filter medium, and a cartridge filter that have high metal-removing performance while maintaining a flow rate per unit area and that do not denature organic solvents.
- FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway perspective view of a cartridge filter of the present invention
- the metal-removing filter medium and metal ion-removing filter of the present invention are described in detail below.
- the metal-removing filter medium of the present invention comprises a polyethylene porous substrate to which graft chains are fixed, and has a basis weight of 30 to 120 g/m 2 .
- the graft chain has a graft ratio of 40 to 150% and functional functional groups selected from quaternary ammonium groups, primary, secondary or tertiary amino groups, iminodiacetic acid groups, phosphoric acid groups, and iminodiethanol groups. groups have been introduced.
- polyethylene porous substrates include porous membranes and non-woven fabrics made of high-density polyethylene, ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene, and mixtures of high-density polyethylene and ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene.
- the porous material is defined to have a basis weight of 15 to 50 g/m 2 and a porosity of 70% or more.
- the basis weight and the porosity of the polyethylene porous substrate are specified within a predetermined range. If the basis weight is less than 15 g/m 2 , it is not possible to ensure the strength that can withstand continuous roll processing. On the other hand, if the basis weight exceeds 50 g/m 2 , the flow rate per unit area will decrease.
- the bubble point which is an index representing the pore diameter, and the air permeability or water permeability, which corresponds to the fluid permeation rate, are also important.
- the bubble point is preferably in the range of 10 to 30 kPa, and the water permeation rate is preferably 30 mL/min ⁇ cm 2 or more.
- a polyethylene porous membrane as a polyethylene porous substrate can be produced, for example, by the following method. First, high-density polyethylene and/or ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene are uniformly kneaded together with a solvent using a twin-screw extruder. Examples of solvents that can be used include decalin, paraffin, and phthalates. The temperature at this time should be equal to or higher than the melting point of polyethylene.
- the resulting kneaded product is extruded from a T-die attached to the tip of the extruder, cooled and processed into a film.
- the film is then immersed in a volatile organic solvent such as methylene chloride to extract and remove the solvent. Thereafter, the film is stretched in the machine direction and the transverse direction, and heat-set as necessary to obtain a polyethylene porous membrane having a predetermined basis weight and porosity.
- the basis weight and porosity of the polyethylene porous membrane can be appropriately adjusted by adjusting the ratio of polyethylene to the solvent and the draw ratio in the longitudinal and transverse directions.
- a vinyl group-containing reactive monomer is polymerized on a polyethylene porous substrate as described above by radiation graft polymerization to fix a graft chain with a graft ratio of 40 to 150%. by introducing into the chain functional functional groups selected from quaternary ammonium groups, primary, secondary or tertiary amino groups, iminodiacetic acid groups, phosphate groups, and iminodiethanol groups. can.
- the metal-removing filter medium of the present invention can be produced by batch processing a sheet-shaped polyethylene porous substrate. Alternatively, it may be produced by continuously treating a roll-shaped polyethylene porous substrate.
- Radiation graft polymerization involves irradiating a base material made of a polymer material with radiation such as electron beams and gamma rays to generate radicals, bringing them into contact with a monomer having a vinyl group, and using the radicals as a starting point to form the intended target on the base material. It is a technique for chemically grafting polymer chains that have the function of The number and length of graft chains can be arbitrarily controlled, and graft chains can be introduced into polymeric materials of various shapes.
- the grafted chains are fixed to the polyethylene porous substrate to produce the grafted substrate.
- Reactive monomers can be selected from vinyl-containing glycidyl methacrylate, styrene, chloromethylstyrene, acrylonitrile, and the like.
- the graft ratio is defined to be 40-150%. If the graft ratio is less than 40%, high metal removal performance cannot be obtained. On the other hand, if it exceeds 150%, cracks will form in the creases when the metal-removed filter medium is pleated, and the integrity of the filter cannot be ensured.
- the graft ratio of the graft chain can be calculated using the mass before and after graft polymerization. That is, the graft ratio is calculated by the following formula.
- the graft rate can be controlled by the conditions during graft polymerization, especially the irradiation dose and monomer concentration. For example, the higher the irradiation dose and the monomer concentration, the higher the graft rate. On the other hand, when the irradiation dose and monomer concentration are low, the grafting rate is low.
- the graft base material is immersed in a functional group-introducing chemical solution to introduce functional functional groups having metal-removing ability into the graft side chains.
- the functional group-introducing chemical solution is selected according to the desired functional group, such as a salt containing a functional functional group having a metal-removing function.
- an iminodiacetic acid group is an aqueous sodium iminodiacetate solution
- a phosphoric acid group is an aqueous phosphoric acid solution
- an iminodiethanol group is an aqueous diethanolamine solution.
- the functional group-introducing chemical solution is an aqueous solution of sodium sulfite or the like.
- the metal-removed filter medium of the present invention is obtained by acid washing and water washing, if necessary.
- the functional functional group is required not to modify the organic solvent.
- Functional functional groups in the present invention are selected from quaternary ammonium groups, primary, secondary or tertiary amino groups, iminodiacetic acid groups, phosphate groups and iminodiethanol groups on the grafted chain. Since these functional groups do not release hydrogen ions during metal collection, they do not denature the organic solvent.
- An iminodiacetic acid group, a phosphoric acid group, or an iminodiethanol group having a chelate function is preferable, since more excellent metal-removing performance is exhibited.
- the chelate function refers to the function of capturing metal ions by binding with specific metal ions to form a complex.
- the metal-removing filter medium of the present invention having a basis weight of 30 to 120 g/m 2 , comprising a polyethylene porous substrate and a graft chain fixed to the polyethylene porous substrate and having a functional group, is obtained.
- a metal-removing filter medium having a basis weight of less than 30 g/m 2 has a small amount of functional groups and does not have high metal-removing performance.
- a metal-removing filter medium having a basis weight exceeding 120 g/m 2 has a water permeation rate of less than 30 mL/min ⁇ cm 2 , resulting in a decrease in treatment efficiency.
- the basis weight of the metal-removed filter medium can be controlled by the graft ratio or the like. For example, when the graft ratio is low, the basis weight tends to be low, and when the graft ratio is high, the basis weight tends to be high.
- the metal-removing filter medium of the present invention comprises a graft chain having a graft ratio of 40 to 150%. , and an iminodiethanol group, and the weight per unit area is in the range of 30 to 120 g/m 2 , so it has high metal removal performance while maintaining the flow rate per unit area. and does not denature the organic solvent.
- FIG. 1 shows a partially cutaway perspective view of the cartridge filter of the present invention.
- a cartridge filter 1 of the present invention comprises a cylindrical core 2, a filter medium 4 covering the outer circumference of the core 2, a cylindrical protector 6 covering the outer circumference, and end caps 7 sealing both ends of the cylinder.
- the core 2 and the protector 6 are provided with a large number of liquid passage holes on their peripheral surfaces.
- Core 2, protector 6 and end cap 7 are all made of high density polyethylene.
- the filter medium 4 is sandwiched between support nets 3 and 5 made of high-density polyethylene, laminated, and pleated. This is formed into a cylindrical shape, and both ends of the cylinder are vertically welded for use.
- the metal-removing filter medium of the present invention is used as the filter medium 4, the metal-removing filter medium of the present invention.
- the metal-removing filter media can be pleated using one single layer, or the same metal-removing filter media can be pleated in two or more layers. Furthermore, metal-removing filter media having different functional groups may be combined to form a multilayer, which may be pleated for use.
- the cartridge filter 1 of the present invention is produced by housing the pleated filter material between the core 2 and the protector 6 and heat-sealing both ends with end caps.
- the cartridge filter 1 may be washed with acid or water as necessary.
- the cartridge filter of the present invention can remove metals at a high level while maintaining a high flow rate. Moreover, it has become possible to remove trace amounts of metals in the organic solvent without denaturing the organic solvent.
- metal-removing filter media of Examples 1 to 5 were produced.
- the physical properties of the polyethylene porous membrane used are summarized in Table 1 below.
- the bubble point (BP) was measured using isopropanol (IPA) according to JIS K3832-1990.
- the water permeation rate (WFR) was calculated according to JIS K3831-1990 by measuring the time required for 500 mL of water at a temperature of 25° C. to permeate an area of 9.6 cm 2 under a test pressure of 69.3 kPa.
- Example 1 A polyethylene porous membrane was irradiated with an electron beam at a dose of 60 kGy in a nitrogen atmosphere. After that, it was immersed in a 25% glycidyl methacrylate solution and allowed to react at 60° C. for 40 minutes for graft polymerization to obtain a graft base material with a graft ratio of 121%. This was immersed in an 8% sodium iminodiacetate aqueous solution and treated at 80° C. for 10 hours to introduce iminodiacetic acid groups.
- Example 2 A polyethylene porous membrane was irradiated with an electron beam at a dose of 60 kGy in a nitrogen atmosphere. After that, it was immersed in a 15% glycidyl methacrylate solution and allowed to react at 60° C. for 40 minutes for graft polymerization to obtain a graft base material with a graft ratio of 81%. This was immersed in an 8% sodium iminodiacetate aqueous solution and treated at 80° C. for 5 hours to introduce iminodiacetic acid groups.
- Example 3 A polyethylene porous membrane was irradiated with an electron beam at a dose of 60 kGy in a nitrogen atmosphere. After that, it was immersed in a 20% glycidyl methacrylate solution and allowed to react at 60° C. for 40 minutes for graft polymerization to obtain a graft base material with a graft ratio of 84%. This was immersed in an 85% phosphoric acid aqueous solution and treated at 95° C. for 24 hours to introduce phosphoric acid groups.
- Example 4 A polyethylene porous membrane was irradiated with an electron beam at a dose of 60 kGy in a nitrogen atmosphere. After that, it was immersed in a 20% glycidyl methacrylate solution and allowed to react at 60° C. for 40 minutes for graft polymerization to obtain a graft base material with a graft ratio of 84%. This was immersed in a 40% diethanolamine aqueous solution and treated at 80° C. for 24 hours to introduce iminodiethanol groups.
- Example 5 A polyethylene porous membrane was irradiated with an electron beam at a dose of 60 kGy in a nitrogen atmosphere. After that, it was immersed in a 20% glycidyl methacrylate solution and allowed to react at 60° C. for 60 minutes for graft polymerization to obtain a graft base material with a graft ratio of 73%. This was immersed in a 6.6% sodium iminodiacetate aqueous solution and treated at 80° C. for 5 hours to introduce iminodiacetic acid groups.
- the metal-removing filter media of Examples 1 to 5 were examined for metal-removing performance, discoloration of organic solvents, and crack generation.
- each metal removal filter medium was punched into a diameter of 47 mm (effective filtration area of 13.5 cm 2 ) and placed in a PFA holder.
- As the metal-containing organic solvent PGMEA containing Cr, Fe and Ti at concentrations of about 20 ppb each was prepared. Using each metal-removing filter medium, this metal-containing organic solvent was filtered at a flow rate of 5 mL/min, and the metal removal rate was calculated from the amount of metal before and after filtration. A removal rate of 85% or greater is acceptable for all metals.
- Discoloration of the organic solvent was determined by immersing each metal-removed filter medium in an organic solvent (cyclohexanone, PGMEA) and visually confirming the discoloration of the organic solvent and the filter medium after one week. After each metal-removing filter medium was folded in two and lightly creased, a weight of 2.5 kg was dropped from a height of 10 cm onto the crease, and the condition of the crease was visually observed to check for cracks and the like. The presence or absence of damage was examined.
- an organic solvent cyclohexanone, PGMEA
- the metal-removing filter media of Examples 1 to 5 have a basis weight of 37 to 120 g/m 2 and a graft ratio of graft chains of 73 to 121%. Moreover, since the iminodiacetic acid group, phosphoric acid group, or iminodiethanol group is introduced into the graft chain, the metal removal rate is 85% or more, and there is no discoloration or cracking due to organic solvents.
- Comparative Examples 1, 2, 5 and 6 use polyethylene porous membranes
- Comparative Examples 3 and 4 use polyethylene non-woven fabric.
- a polyethylene porous membrane was irradiated with an electron beam at a dose of 60 kGy in a nitrogen atmosphere. After that, it was immersed in a 20% glycidyl methacrylate solution and allowed to react at 60° C. for 60 minutes for graft polymerization to obtain a graft base material with a graft ratio of 38%. This was immersed in a 6.6% sodium iminodiacetate aqueous solution and treated at 80° C. for 5 hours to introduce iminodiacetic acid groups.
- the graft base material into which the functional group had been introduced in 1 mol/L of hydrochloric acid After immersing the graft base material into which the functional group had been introduced in 1 mol/L of hydrochloric acid, it was rinsed with ultrapure water and dried to prepare a metal-removed filter medium with a functional group introduction amount of 506 mmol/m 2 .
- the basis weight of this metal-removing filter medium was 240 g/m 2 .
- the metal-removing filter media of the comparative examples Regarding the metal-removing performance, the discoloration of the organic solvent, and the generation of cracks were examined in the same manner as described above. The evaluation results are summarized in Table 4 below together with each configuration.
- the metal-removing filter medium of Comparative Example 1 has a Fe removal rate of less than 85%. It is speculated that this is due to the graft rate being less than 40% (38%).
- the metal-removing filter medium of Comparative Example 2 discoloration of the organic solvent occurs.
- the organic solvent was discolored, and the metal removal rate was less than 85%.
- the discoloration of organic solvents is the effect of sulfonic acid groups.
- the basis weight exceeds 120 g/m 2 (250 g/m 2 ) and nonwoven fabric is used, a high metal removal rate cannot be obtained.
- the metal-removing filter medium of Comparative Example 4 has a basis weight of more than 120 g/m 2 , and since non-woven fabric is used, the metal removal rate is only 76.9% at maximum.
- the metal-removed filter medium of Comparative Example 5 since the basis weight exceeds 120 g/m 2 and the graft rate exceeds 150%, cracks occur and pleating cannot be performed.
- any one of the basis weight, graft ratio, and functional group to be introduced does not satisfy the conditions, it has high metal removal performance while maintaining the flow rate per unit area, and metal removal that does not modify the organic solvent. It was confirmed that no filter media was obtained.
- a cartridge filter as shown in FIG. 1 was produced.
- polyethylene meshes serving as supports 3 and 5 were laminated with the metal-removed filter medium sandwiched therebetween, and pleated. This was placed on the circumference between the core 2 and the protector 6 and both ends were thermally welded with the end caps 7 .
- a cartridge filter with dimensions of ⁇ 70 mm ⁇ 250 mm and an effective filtration area of 0.79 m 2 was obtained.
- the manufactured cartridge was immersed in 5% hydrochloric acid for 24 hours, it was washed with ultrapure water until no hydrochloric acid remained.
- a metal-containing organic solvent (solvent: PGMEA) prepared so that Ti, Cr, and Fe are each about 20 ppb is filtered through this cartridge filter at a flow rate of 3 L/min, and the metal removal rate is calculated from the amount of metal before and after filtration. did. As a result, the removal rate of each metal was 93 to 98%, confirming good metal removal performance.
- the liquid to be treated and the metal-removed filter medium can be separated.
- the contact area could be increased, and a filter with high metal removal performance was realized while maintaining a high flow rate.
- a chelate group or an anion exchange group it has become possible to remove trace metals in an organic solvent without modifying the organic solvent.
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Abstract
Description
そこで本発明は、単位面積当たりの流量を維持しつつ高い金属除去性能を有し、かつ有機溶剤を変性させない金属除去濾材、金属除去濾材の製造方法、およびカートリッジフィルターを提供することを目的とする。
本発明の金属除去濾材は、グラフト鎖が固定されたポリエチレン多孔質基材を備え、目付量が30~120g/m2である。グラフト鎖は、グラフト率が40~150%であり、4級アンモニウム基、1級、2級または3級アミノ基、イミノ二酢酸基、リン酸基、およびイミノジエタノール基から選択される機能性官能基が導入されている。
より優れた金属除去性能が発揮されることから、キレート機能を有するイミノ二酢酸基、リン酸基、またはイミノジエタノール基が好ましい。なお、キレート機能とは、特定の金属イオンと結合して錯体を形成することによって金属イオンを捕捉する機能を指す。
濾材4としては、本発明の金属除去濾材が用いられる。金属除去濾材は、1枚を単層で用いてプリーツ加工することができ、同一の金属除去濾材を2枚以上の複層でプリーツ加工してもよい。さらに、機能性官能基の異なる金属除去濾材を組み合わせて複層とし、これをプリーツ加工して用いることもできる。
各種ポリエチレン多孔質膜を用いて、実施例1~5の金属除去濾材を作製した。用いるポリエチレン多孔質膜の物性を、下記表1にまとめる。
透水速度(WFR)は、JIS K3831-1990に準拠し、試験圧力を69.3kPaとして、9.6cm2の面積を温度25℃の水500mLが透過する時間を測定することで算出した。
ポリエチレン多孔質膜に、窒素雰囲気下で線量60kGyの電子線を照射した。その後、25%のメタクリル酸グリシジル溶液に浸漬し、60℃で40分間反応させてグラフト重合を行い、グラフト率121%のグラフト基材を得た。
これを8%のイミノ二酢酸ナトリウム水溶液に浸漬し、80℃で10時間処理してイミノ二酢酸基を導入した。官能基が導入されたグラフト基材を1mol/Lの塩酸に浸漬した後、超純水ですすぎ、乾燥して、官能基導入量217mmol/m2の金属除去濾材を作製した。この金属除去濾材の目付量は120g/m2であった。
ポリエチレン多孔質膜に、窒素雰囲気下で線量60kGyの電子線を照射した。その後、15%のメタクリル酸グリシジル溶液に浸漬し、60℃で40分間反応させてグラフト重合を行い、グラフト率81%のグラフト基材を得た。
これを8%のイミノ二酢酸ナトリウム水溶液に浸漬し、80℃で5時間処理してイミノ二酢酸基を導入した。官能基が導入されたグラフト基材を1mol/Lの塩酸に浸漬した後、超純水ですすぎ、乾燥して、官能基導入量41mmol/m2の金属除去濾材を作製した。この金属除去濾材の目付量は37g/m2であった。
ポリエチレン多孔質膜に、窒素雰囲気下で線量60kGyの電子線を照射した。その後、20%のメタクリル酸グリシジル溶液に浸漬し、60℃で40分間反応させてグラフト重合を行い、グラフト率84%のグラフト基材を得た。
これを85%のリン酸水溶液に浸漬し、95℃で24時間処理してリン酸基を導入した。官能基が導入されたグラフト基材を1mol/Lの塩酸に浸漬した後、超純水ですすぎ、乾燥して、官能基導入量141mmol/m2の金属除去濾材を作製した。この金属除去濾材の目付量は68g/m2であった。
ポリエチレン多孔質膜に、窒素雰囲気下で線量60kGyの電子線を照射した。その後、20%のメタクリル酸グリシジル溶液に浸漬し、60℃で40分間反応させてグラフト重合を行い、グラフト率84%のグラフト基材を得た。
これを40%のジエタノールアミン水溶液に浸漬し、80℃で24時間処理してイミノジエタノール基を導入した。官能基が導入されたグラフトの基材を1mol/Lの塩酸に浸漬した後、超純水ですすぎ、乾燥して、官能基導入量221mmol/m2の金属除去濾材を作製した。この金属除去濾材の目付量は77g/m2であった。
ポリエチレン多孔質膜に、窒素雰囲気下で線量60kGyの電子線を照射した。その後、20%のメタクリル酸グリシジル溶液に浸漬し、60℃で60分間反応させてグラフト重合を行い、グラフト率73%のグラフト基材を得た。
これを6.6%のイミノ二酢酸ナトリウム水溶液に浸漬し、80℃で5時間処理してイミノ二酢酸基を導入した。官能基が導入されたグラフト基材を1mol/Lの塩酸に浸漬した後、超純水ですすぎ、乾燥して、官能基導入量22mmol/m2の金属除去濾材を
作製した。この金属除去濾材の目付量は66g/m2であった。
金属除去性能を調べるために、各金属除去濾材を、直径47mm(有効濾過面積13.5cm2)に打ち抜いてPFA製のホルダーに設置した。金属含有有機溶剤としては、Cr、Fe、Tiをそれぞれ約20ppbの濃度で含有するPGMEAを準備した。各金属除去濾材を用いて、この金属含有有機溶剤を流量5mL/minで濾過し、濾過前後の金属量から金属除去率を算出した。全ての金属について、85%以上の除去率であれば合格である。
また、各金属除去濾材を二つ折りして軽く折り目を付けた後、重さ2.5kgの重しを10cmの高さから折り目上に落とし、折り目の状態を目視により観察して、クラック等の損傷の有無を調べた。
ポリエチレン多孔質膜に、窒素雰囲気下で線量60kGyの電子線を照射した。その後、20%のメタクリル酸グリシジル溶液に浸漬し、60℃で60分間反応させてグラフト重合を行い、グラフト率38%のグラフト基材を得た。
これを6.6%のイミノ二酢酸ナトリウム水溶液に浸漬し、80℃で5時間処理してイミノ二酢酸基を導入した。官能基が導入されたグラフト基材を1mol/Lの塩酸に浸漬した後、超純水ですすぎ、乾燥して、官能基導入量13mmol/m2の金属除去濾材を作製した。この金属除去濾材の目付量は52g/m2であった。
ポリエチレン多孔質膜に、窒素雰囲気下で線量60kGyの電子線を照射した。その後、25%のメタクリル酸グリシジル溶液に浸漬し、60℃で40分間反応させてグラフト重合を行い、グラフト率84%のグラフト基材を得た。
これを10%の亜硫酸ナトリウム水溶液に浸漬し、95℃で24時間処理してスルホン酸基を導入した。官能基が導入されたグラフト基材を1mol/Lの塩酸に浸漬した後、超純水ですすぎ、乾燥して、官能基導入量234mmol/m2の金属除去濾材を作製した。この金属除去濾材の目付量は78g/m2であった。
ポリエチレン不織布に、窒素雰囲気下で線量60kGyの電子線を照射した。その後、100%のメタクリル酸グリシジル溶液に浸漬し、60℃で40分間反応させてグラフト重合を行い、グラフト率119%のグラフト基材を得た。
これを10%の亜硫酸ナトリウム水溶液に浸漬し、95℃で24時間処理してスルホン酸基を導入した。官能基が導入されたグラフト基材を1mol/Lの塩酸に浸漬した後、超純水ですすぎ、乾燥して、官能基導入量970mmol/m2の金属除去濾材を作製した。この金属除去濾材の目付量は250g/m2であった。
ポリエチレン不織布に、窒素雰囲気下で線量60kGyの電子線を照射した。その後、100%のメタクリル酸グリシジル溶液に浸漬し、60℃で40分間反応させてグラフト重合を行い、グラフト率119%のグラフト基材を得た。
これを20%のイミノ二酢酸ナトリウム水溶液に浸漬し、60℃で24時間処理してイミノ二酢酸基を導入した。官能基が導入されたグラフト基材を1mol/Lの塩酸に浸漬した後、超純水ですすぎ、乾燥して、官能基導入量506mmol/m2の金属除去濾材を作製した。この金属除去濾材の目付量は240g/m2であった。
ポリエチレン多孔質膜に、窒素雰囲気下で線量150kGyの電子線を照射した。その後、100%のメタクリル酸グリシジル溶液に浸漬し、60℃で60分間反応させてグラフト重合を行い、グラフト率547%のグラフト基材を得た。
これを金属除去濾材とした。目付量は241g/m2であった。
ポリエチレン多孔質膜に、窒素雰囲気下で線量60kGyの電子線を照射した。その後、25%のメタクリル酸グリシジル溶液に浸漬し、60℃で40分間反応させてグラフト重合を試みた。しかしながら、ロールの連続処理中に破断してしまい、金属除去濾材は得られなかった。
比較例2の金属除去濾材は、有機溶剤の変色が生じている。比較例3の金属除去濾材では、有機溶剤の変色が生じたのに加え、金属の除去率が85%未満である。有機溶剤の変色は、スルホン酸基の影響である。比較例3の場合には、目付量が120g/m2を超え(250g/m2)、しかも不織布が用いられているため、高い金属除去率が得られない。
実施例1の金属除去濾材を濾材として用いて、図1に示したようなカートリッジフィルターを作製した。まず、サポート3,5としてのポリエチレンメッシュで金属除去濾材を挟んで積層し、プリーツ加工を施した。これを、コア2とプロテクタ6との間に円周上に配置し、両端部をエンドキャップ7で熱溶着した。こうして、寸法φ70mm×250mm、有効濾過面積0.79m2のカートリッジフィルターが得られた。さらに、作製したカートリッジを5%塩酸に24時間浸漬した後、塩酸の残留がなくなるまで超純水を通水して洗浄した。
4…濾材 6…プロテクタ 7…エンドキャップ
Claims (5)
- ポリエチレン多孔質基材と、前記ポリエチレン多孔質基材に固定され、機能性官能基を有するグラフト鎖とを備え、目付量が30~120g/m2の金属除去濾材であって、
前記グラフト鎖は、グラフト率が40~150%であり、
前記機能性官能基は、4級アンモニウム基、1級、2級または3級アミノ基、イミノ二酢酸基、リン酸基、およびイミノジエタノール基から選択される
ことを特徴とする金属除去濾材。 - 前記ポリエチレン多孔質基材は、ポリエチレン多孔質膜であることを特徴とする請求項1記載の金属除去濾材。
- 請求項1記載の金属除去濾材の製造方法であって、
目付量15~50g/m2、空隙率70%以上のポリエチレン多孔質基材に、放射線グラフト重合によりビニル基含有反応性モノマーを重合させて、グラフト率40~150%のグラフト鎖を固定する工程、および
前記グラフト鎖に、4級アンモニウム基、1級、2級または3級アミノ基、イミノ二酢酸基、リン酸基、およびイミノジエタノール基から選択される機能性官能基を導入する工程
を備えることを特徴とする金属除去濾材の製造方法。 - 前記ポリエチレン多孔質基材は、ポリエチレン多孔質膜であることを特徴とする請求項3記載の金属除去濾材の製造方法。
- プリーツ加工された濾材を備えたカートリッジフィルターであって、前記濾材は、請求項1または2記載の金属除去濾材であることを特徴とするカートリッジフィルター。
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JP2013027863A (ja) * | 2011-06-20 | 2013-02-07 | Japan Atomic Energy Agency | 金属吸着材とその製造方法及び金属吸着材を用いた金属捕集方法 |
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TW202243740A (zh) | 2022-11-16 |
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