WO2022166490A1 - 电池、用电装置、电池的制造方法及其设备 - Google Patents

电池、用电装置、电池的制造方法及其设备 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2022166490A1
WO2022166490A1 PCT/CN2021/142950 CN2021142950W WO2022166490A1 WO 2022166490 A1 WO2022166490 A1 WO 2022166490A1 CN 2021142950 W CN2021142950 W CN 2021142950W WO 2022166490 A1 WO2022166490 A1 WO 2022166490A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
battery
battery cell
pressure relief
charging connector
housing
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2021/142950
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
高雄伟
陈小波
Original Assignee
宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 filed Critical 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司
Priority to JP2022565611A priority Critical patent/JP7411119B2/ja
Priority to EP21924483.7A priority patent/EP4123812A4/en
Priority to KR1020227038746A priority patent/KR102706841B1/ko
Publication of WO2022166490A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022166490A1/zh
Priority to US17/970,615 priority patent/US20230040343A1/en

Links

Images

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
    • H01M50/308—Detachable arrangements, e.g. detachable vent plugs or plug systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/04—Construction or manufacture in general
    • H01M10/0404—Machines for assembling batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
    • H01M50/342—Non-re-sealable arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/04—Construction or manufacture in general
    • H01M10/0422—Cells or battery with cylindrical casing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
    • H01M50/207—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape
    • H01M50/213—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape adapted for cells having curved cross-section, e.g. round or elliptic
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/233—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions
    • H01M50/24—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions adapted for protecting batteries from their environment, e.g. from corrosion
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/296—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by terminals of battery packs
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
    • H01M50/35—Gas exhaust passages comprising elongated, tortuous or labyrinth-shaped exhaust passages
    • H01M50/367—Internal gas exhaust passages forming part of the battery cover or case; Double cover vent systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
    • H01M50/375—Vent means sensitive to or responsive to temperature
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/572—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge
    • H01M50/574—Devices or arrangements for the interruption of current
    • H01M50/578—Devices or arrangements for the interruption of current in response to pressure
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
    • H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of batteries, and in particular, to a battery, an electrical device, a method for manufacturing a battery, and equipment thereof.
  • rechargeable batteries Due to the advantages of high energy density, high power density, many cycles of use and long storage time, rechargeable batteries have been widely used in electric vehicles, mobile devices or power tools.
  • the battery requires an external power source to charge.
  • the charging method can be slow charging or fast charging.
  • the battery is at risk of thermal runaway and is prone to safety issues such as explosion or fire.
  • the present application provides a battery, an electrical device, a method for manufacturing the battery, and equipment thereof, and aims to solve the safety problems such as easily leading to explosion or fire during thermal runaway.
  • the present application proposes a battery comprising:
  • a casing for accommodating the battery cells, the casing including a pressure relief part configured to release the discharge generated by the thermal runaway of the battery cells to the outside of the casing;
  • the charging connector is configured to be electrically connected to the battery cell;
  • the charging connector includes a main body part, and the main body part is configured to be disposed on the side of the casing facing away from the battery cell and cover the pressure relief part, and the discharge generated by the thermal runaway of the battery cell
  • the object can pass through the pressure relief portion and act on the body portion, so that at least a portion of the body portion is actuated in a direction away from the battery cell to electrically disconnect the charging connector from the battery cell.
  • a battery according to an embodiment of the present application includes a battery cell, a housing, and a charging connector.
  • the battery cells are arranged in the casing.
  • the casing includes a pressure relief portion for releasing internal pressure.
  • the charging connector is arranged on the housing and is electrically connected with the battery cell, so that the charging device can charge the battery cell through the charging connector.
  • the charging connector includes a body portion. The body part of the charging connector covers the pressure relief part of the housing.
  • the relative position of the charging connector and the housing can be changed, and the charging connector can move away from the battery cell, so that the charging connector and the battery cell can be electrically disconnected, and the charging device stops charging the battery cell . Therefore, when the battery cell is thermally out of control, the charging connector can be disconnected from the battery cell to stop charging the battery cell, which can effectively reduce the degree of thermal runaway, reduce the possibility of fire or explosion, and improve battery life. safety of use.
  • the case further includes a guide channel located at an inner side of the case, and the guide channel is configured to guide emissions generated by thermal runaway of the battery cells to the pressure relief portion.
  • the guide channel is conducive to collecting the emissions generated by thermal runaway and guiding the emissions generated by thermal runaway to the pressure relief part more quickly, thereby helping to shorten the time for the emissions generated by thermal runaway to act on the body part, and further speed up the connection between the charging connector and the pressure relief part.
  • the battery cells are electrically disconnected.
  • the guide channel includes a confluence cavity and a branch channel, the branch channel communicates with the confluence cavity, and the pressure relief portion is disposed opposite to the confluence cavity.
  • the emissions generated by the thermal runaway of the battery cells can be quickly collected into the manifold along each branch channel, reducing the possibility that the speed of the electrical connection between the charging connector and the battery cells is relatively slow due to the non-directional spread of the emissions. sex.
  • the number of battery cells is multiple, each battery cell includes an explosion-proof valve, and at least one explosion-proof valve of the plurality of explosion-proof valves is disposed facing the guide channel.
  • the discharge from the explosion-proof valve disposed facing the guide channel can act on the pressure relief part and the body part of the charging connector more quickly under the guidance of the guiding channel, which is conducive to further speeding up the connection between the charging connector and the battery unit.
  • the body is electrically disconnected.
  • the battery further includes an actuator connected to the housing, and the actuator is configured to apply a force away from the battery cell to the charging connector.
  • the actuator is used to provide auxiliary force to the body portion.
  • the force carried by the body part is the sum of the impact force of the exhaust generated by thermal runaway and the acting force of the actuator, so that the body part can more easily.
  • the actuation occurs to reduce the possibility of the charging contacts not being electrically disconnected from the battery cells without movement of the charging contacts in the event of thermal runaway of the battery cells.
  • the actuator includes an elastic member, one end of the elastic member is connected to the body portion, and the other end is connected to the housing, and the elastic member is configured to apply a force away from the battery cell to the charging connector.
  • the elastic member When thermal runaway occurs, the elastic member releases elastic potential energy, thereby exerting a force on the body portion.
  • the actuator includes a rod and an elastic member, the rod is connected to the body portion, one end of the elastic member is connected to the rod, and the other end is connected to the housing, and the elastic member is configured to apply force to the rod. away from the force of the battery cells.
  • the elastic member releases elastic potential energy, thereby driving the rod member and the main body to move upward at the same time.
  • the elastic member is sleeved on the outer circumference of the rod member.
  • the rod provides a guide for the compression and elongation of the elastic member, so that the force of the elastic member acting on the rod or the housing is more concentrated.
  • the actuator further includes a cover body, the rod member and the elastic member are disposed on a side of the body portion facing the battery cell, and the cover body is configured to accommodate the rod member and the elastic member.
  • the cover body can collect debris during the assembly process of the rod and the elastic element, reducing the possibility of debris entering the interior of the battery and causing performance failure of the battery.
  • the charging connector is detachably connected to the housing.
  • the casing has a weak area, the weak area forms a pressure relief portion, and the strength of the weak area is smaller than that of other parts of the casing.
  • the case has a through hole forming a pressure relief portion
  • the battery further includes a sealing member disposed around the pressure relief portion, and the sealing member is configured to isolate the inner space and the outer space of the case.
  • the body portion includes a groove, and the groove is disposed facing the pressure relief portion.
  • the grooves provided on the body part of the charging connector can make the emissions generated by thermal runaway pass through the pressure relief part, and quickly accumulate in the grooves and exert a greater impact force on the body part.
  • the present application provides an electrical device comprising the above-mentioned battery for providing electrical energy.
  • the present application provides a method for manufacturing a battery, comprising:
  • a battery cell is installed in a case provided with a pressure relief part, and the pressure relief part is configured to release the discharge generated by the thermal runaway of the battery cell to the outside of the case;
  • the battery manufacturing method of the embodiment of the present application can manufacture the above-mentioned battery.
  • the body portion of the charging connector covers the pressure relief portion of the case.
  • the thermal runaway of the battery cell occurs, the discharge generated by the thermal runaway of the battery cell can pass through the pressure relief part and act on the body part of the charging connector, so that an impact force can be applied to the body part, so that at least a part of the body part is directed away from the battery.
  • Directional actuation of the monomer Due to the actuation of the main body, the relative position of the charging connector and the housing changes, and the charging connector moves away from the battery cell, so that the charging connector is electrically disconnected from the battery cell, and the charging device stops charging the battery cell. Therefore, when the thermal runaway occurs in the battery cell, the charging connector can be disconnected from the battery cell in time and stop charging the battery cell, which can effectively reduce the degree of thermal runaway, reduce the possibility of fire or explosion, and improve the use of the battery. safety.
  • the present application provides a manufacturing equipment for a battery, comprising:
  • a first device configured to install a battery cell in a casing provided with a pressure relief part, the pressure relief part being configured to discharge the discharge generated by the thermal runaway of the battery cell to the outside of the casing;
  • a second device configured to install a charging connector including a body portion on the housing
  • the third device is configured to electrically connect the charging connector with the battery cell, and the body portion is located on the side of the housing facing away from the battery cell and covers the pressure relief portion.
  • the battery manufacturing apparatus of the embodiment of the present application can perform the above-described battery manufacturing method to manufacture the above-described battery.
  • the body portion of the charging connector covers the pressure relief portion of the case.
  • the relative position of the charging connector and the housing changes, and the charging connector moves away from the battery cell, so that the charging connector is electrically disconnected from the battery cell, and the charging device stops charging the battery cell. Therefore, when the thermal runaway occurs in the battery cell, the charging connector can be disconnected from the battery cell in time and stop charging the battery cell, which can effectively reduce the degree of thermal runaway, reduce the possibility of fire or explosion, and improve the use of the battery. safety.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an exploded structure of a battery according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a partially exploded structure of a battery according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is a partial cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of a battery in a normal use state according to an embodiment of the present application
  • Fig. 6 is the enlarged view of A place in Fig. 5;
  • FIG. 7 is a partial cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the battery of the embodiment shown in FIG. 6 when thermal runaway occurs;
  • FIG. 8 is a partial cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the battery of the embodiment shown in FIG. 6 when thermal runaway occurs;
  • Fig. 9 is an enlarged view at B in Fig. 8;
  • FIG. 10 is a partial cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of a battery in a normal use state according to another embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 11 is a partial cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the battery of the embodiment shown in FIG. 10 when thermal runaway occurs;
  • FIG. 12 is a partial cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of a battery in a normal use state according to another embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 13 is a partial cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the battery of the embodiment shown in Fig. 12 when thermal runaway occurs;
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of a partially exploded structure of a battery according to another embodiment of the present application.
  • 15 is a partial cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of a battery in a normal use state according to another embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 16 is a partial cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the battery of the embodiment shown in FIG. 15 when thermal runaway occurs;
  • 17 is a partial cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of a battery including an actuator according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 18 is a partial cross-sectional structural diagram of the actuator pushing the charging connector according to the embodiment shown in FIG. 17;
  • FIG. 19 is a partial cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of a battery including an actuator according to another embodiment of the present application.
  • 20 is a partial cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of a battery including an actuator according to another embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 21 is a partial cross-sectional structural diagram of the actuator pushing the charging connector according to the embodiment shown in FIG. 20;
  • FIG. 22 is a partial structural schematic diagram of a battery including a guide channel according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • 23 is a schematic diagram of the positional relationship between the guide channel and the explosion-proof valve in an embodiment of the present application.
  • 24 is a schematic flowchart of a method for manufacturing a battery according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 25 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for manufacturing a battery according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • thermal runaway occurs when the battery is overcharged during the charging process.
  • the charging device and the battery are not disconnected from each other but are still connected, resulting in a more severe degree of thermal runaway, which may easily lead to safety problems such as explosion or fire.
  • the battery cell When the battery cell is thermally out of control, the battery cell emits a large amount of emissions into the battery box, causing a large amount of gas in the box to accumulate and the temperature to rise, which may eventually cause the battery to explode and catch fire.
  • the emissions from battery cells mentioned in this application include but are not limited to: electrolyte, dissolved or split positive and negative electrode sheets, fragments of separators, high temperature and high pressure gases (such as H 2 , CO such as flammable gases), flames, etc.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides an electrical device using a battery 20 as a power source.
  • the electrical device can be, but not limited to, a vehicle, a ship, or an aircraft.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a vehicle 10 .
  • the vehicle 10 may be a fuel vehicle, a gas vehicle or a new energy vehicle. New energy vehicles can be pure electric vehicles, hybrid vehicles or extended-range vehicles.
  • the vehicle 10 includes a battery 20 .
  • the battery 20 can be used as a driving power source for the vehicle 10 to provide driving power for the vehicle 10 in place of or partially in place of fuel or natural gas.
  • the battery 20 may be positioned at the bottom, front or rear of the vehicle 10 .
  • the battery 20 may be used to power the vehicle 10 .
  • the battery 20 may serve as the operating power source of the vehicle 10 for the circuitry of the vehicle 10 .
  • the battery 20 may be used for the operating power requirements of the vehicle 10 for starting, navigating, and operating.
  • the vehicle 10 may also include a motor 10a and a controller 10b.
  • the controller 10b is used to control the battery 20 to supply power to the motor 10a.
  • the motor 10a is connected to the wheels through a transmission mechanism, thereby driving the vehicle 10 to travel.
  • the battery 20 may include a housing 30 .
  • the casing 30 includes a box body (not shown in the figure) and a cover body (not shown in the figure).
  • the box body has a cavity (not shown in the figure) and an opening (not shown in the figure), and the cover body covers the opening to form a casing.
  • the battery 20 may include a case 30 .
  • the housing 30 includes a cylindrical body 31 , a first cover body 32 and a second cover body 33 .
  • the first cover body 32 and the second cover body 33 are respectively disposed at both ends of the cylindrical body 31 along the first direction X, respectively.
  • the first direction X is the same as the axial direction of the cylindrical body 31 .
  • the first cover body 32 and the second cover body 33 are respectively detachably connected to the cylinder body 31 .
  • the first cover body 32 and the second cover body 33 can be respectively snap-connected to the cylinder body 31 or connected with screws.
  • the cylindrical body 31 , the first cover body 32 and the second cover body 33 are assembled to form an accommodation space.
  • the casing 30 of the battery 20 may include one or more battery cells 30 .
  • the plurality of battery cells 30 can be connected in series, in parallel or in a mixed connection. Hybrid refers to a mix of series and parallel.
  • the battery cell 30 includes, but is not limited to, a lithium-ion-containing secondary battery, a lithium-ion primary battery, a lithium-sulfur battery, a sodium-lithium-ion battery, or a magnesium-ion battery.
  • the housing 30 in the embodiment of the present application includes a pressure relief portion 35 .
  • the pressure relief part 35 is configured to release the discharge generated by the thermal runaway of the battery cells 50 to the outside of the case 30, so that the pressure inside the case 30 can be reduced.
  • the pressure relief portion 35 is provided on the first cover body 32 to illustrate the technical solution.
  • the battery cell 50 of the embodiment of the present application includes an electrode terminal 51 and an explosion-proof valve 52 .
  • the respective battery cells 50 are electrically connected to each other through electrode terminals 51 .
  • the explosion-proof valve 52 of the battery cell 50 will explode to release the pressure inside the battery cell 50 .
  • the battery according to the embodiment of the present application further includes a charging connector 40 .
  • the charging connector 40 is configured to be electrically connected to the battery cell 50 .
  • a charging device (not shown) can charge each battery cell 50 inside the battery 20 from the outside of the battery 20 through the charging connector 40 .
  • the charging connector 40 includes a body portion 41 .
  • the body portion 41 is configured to be disposed on the side of the casing 30 facing away from the battery cells 50 and to cover the pressure relief portion 35 . That is, in the first direction X, the orthographic projection of the main body portion 41 covers the orthographic projection of the pressure relief portion 35 .
  • the charging connector 40 has an annular flange. The annular flange forms the body portion 41 .
  • the emissions generated by the thermal runaway of the battery cell 50 can pass through the pressure relief portion 35 and act on the body portion 41 , so that at least a portion of the body portion 41 is actuated in a direction away from the battery cell 50 to connect the charging connector 40 to the battery cell 50 .
  • the electrical connection is disconnected so that the charging device stops charging the battery cells 50 .
  • the direction away from the battery cells 50 is the same as the first direction X. Actuation refers to that at least a part of the structural member moves or deforms in a predetermined direction when the structural member is acted on by an external force.
  • the battery 20 in the embodiment of the present application includes a battery cell 50 , a housing 30 and a charging connector 40 .
  • the battery cells 50 are arranged in the casing 30 .
  • the casing 30 includes a pressure relief portion 35 for releasing the internal pressure.
  • the charging connector 40 is disposed on the housing 30 and is electrically connected to the battery cell 50 , so that the charging device can charge the battery cell 50 through the charging connector 40 .
  • the charging connector 40 includes a body portion 41 .
  • the body portion 41 of the charging connector 40 covers the pressure relief portion 35 of the housing 30 .
  • the discharge generated by the thermal runaway of the battery cell 50 can pass through the pressure relief portion 35 and act on the body portion 41 of the charging connector 40, so that an impact force can be applied to the body portion 41, causing the body portion At least a portion of 41 is actuated in a direction away from battery cell 50 .
  • the relative position of the charging connector 40 and the housing 30 can be changed, and the charging connector 40 can be moved away from the battery cell 50, so that the charging connector 40 and the battery cell 50 can be electrically disconnected and charged.
  • the device stops charging the battery cells 50 .
  • the charging connector 40 can be disconnected from the battery cell 50 to stop charging the battery cell 50, thereby effectively reducing the degree of thermal runaway and reducing the possibility of fire or explosion. improve the safety of the use of the battery 20.
  • the charging connector 40 further includes a wiring unit 42 .
  • the charging connector 40 is electrically connected to the electrode terminal 51 through the wiring unit 42 .
  • the housing 30 has mounting holes 34 thereon. A part of the charging connector 40 can be inserted into the mounting hole 34 of the housing 30 . In the radial direction of the mounting hole 34 , the portion of the housing 30 where the mounting hole 34 is formed can form a limit constraint on the charging connector 40 .
  • the charging connector 40 is located entirely outside the housing 30 .
  • the charging connector 40 may cover the mounting hole 34 of the housing 30 .
  • the housing 30 has areas of weakness.
  • the weak area forms the pressure relief portion 35 .
  • the strength of the weak area is smaller than that of other parts of the casing 30 , so that the emissions generated by the thermal runaway of the battery cells 50 are likely to damage the weak area and leak out of the casing 30 .
  • a portion of the casing 30 is thinned to form a weakened area.
  • the material of a part of the area of the case 30 may be a material that is favorable for being damaged by high-temperature and high-pressure discharges ejected from the inside of the battery cells 50 .
  • the emissions generated by the thermal runaway will act on the surface of the pressure relief portion 35 facing the battery cell 50 , thereby exerting an impact force on the pressure relief portion 35 to release the pressure At least a part of the portion 35 is broken and damaged.
  • the exhaust generated by thermal runaway passes through the pressure relief portion 35 , it will act on the surface of the main body portion 41 facing the pressure relief portion 35 , thereby exerting an impact force on the main body portion 41 .
  • the body portion 41 when the body portion 41 is subjected to an impact force, the body portion 41 is disconnected from the housing 30 , so that the two are separated, and the charging connector 40 can be displaced along the first direction X. After the charging connector 40 is displaced, the charging connector 40 is electrically disconnected from the electrode terminal 51 of the battery cell 50, and the emissions generated by the thermal runaway can be discharged through the gap between the main body 41 and the casing 30, thereby discharging Internal pressure of the battery 20 .
  • the pressure relief function of the battery 20 and the function of cutting off the electrical connection between the charging connector 40 and the battery cell 50 can be realized through the combined use of the charging connector 40 and the housing 30 .
  • a wire of a predetermined length may be used to electrically connect the charging connector 40 and the electrode terminal 51 . After the charging connector 40 is displaced, the wire can be pulled to disconnect the electrical connection with the electrode terminal 51 .
  • the charging tab 40 may be connected to the pad, and the electrode terminal 51 is also connected to the pad. After the charging connector 40 is displaced, the charging connector 40 is separated from the pad to disconnect the electrical connection with the electrode terminal 51 .
  • the pressure relief portion 35 on the housing 30 is an annular structure.
  • the pressure relief portion 35 on the housing 30 may be open loop or closed loop.
  • the number of the pressure relief parts 35 on the casing 30 is two or more.
  • the pressure relief parts 35 are spaced apart from each other and distributed in a ring shape.
  • the charging connector 40 and the housing 30 are detachably connected, which can facilitate the manufacturing and assembly of the charging connector 40 and the housing 30 .
  • the charging connector 40 and the housing 30 are snap-connected to each other.
  • One of the body portion 41 of the charging connector 40 and the housing 30 is provided with a snap-fit hole, and the other is provided with a snap-fit protrusion for snap-fit with the snap-fit hole.
  • the snap-on protrusions come out of the snap-fit holes, so that the body portion 41 and the housing 30 are disconnected from the connection state.
  • the charging connector 40 and the housing 30 are bonded to each other.
  • the charging connector 40 and the housing 30 are bonded and connected by glue.
  • the charging connector 40 is subjected to an impact force, at least one of the charging connector 40 and the housing 30 is disconnected from the glue, so that the main body 41 and the housing 30 are disconnected from the glue. Disconnected state.
  • the housing 30 is provided with a recess 36 .
  • the concave portion 36 is formed concavely from the outer surface of the housing 30 toward the inner surface.
  • the openings of the recesses 36 face away from the battery cells 50 .
  • At least a part of the body portion 41 of the charging connector 40 sinks into the concave portion 36 , so that the size of the battery 20 can be reduced in the first direction X, which is beneficial to improve the energy density of the battery 20 .
  • the side wall of the body portion 41 of the charging connector 40 close to the casing 30 can be connected to the casing 30 .
  • the body portion 41 of the charging connector 40 is provided with a groove 411 .
  • the surface of the body portion 41 facing the housing 30 is stepped so that a groove 411 is formed where the body portion 41 faces the pressure relief portion 35 .
  • the groove 411 is disposed facing the pressure relief portion 35 , so that there is a gap between the surface of the body portion 41 facing the pressure relief portion 35 and the pressure relief portion 35 .
  • the pressure relief portion 35 is subjected to an impact force, a part of the pressure relief portion 35 needs to be everted to cause rupture and damage.
  • the groove 411 of the body portion 41 can form an avoidance structure, so that when the thermal runaway of the battery cell 50 occurs, it can ensure that a part of the pressure relief portion 35 can successfully complete the eversion and rupture and damage, and reduce the impact force on the pressure relief portion 35. , the pressure relief portion 35 is restricted by the body portion 41 and cannot be smoothly everted, resulting in the possibility that the pressure relief portion 35 cannot be ruptured and damaged.
  • the groove 411 provided in the body portion 41 of the charging connector 40 can make the exhaust generated by thermal runaway pass through the pressure relief portion 35 , and quickly accumulate in the groove 411 and exert a greater impact force on the body portion 41 . .
  • the housing 30 has an outwardly convex annular flange.
  • the body portion 41 is connected to the annular flange.
  • one of the body portion 41 and the annular flange of the charging connector 40 is provided with a snap hole, and the other is provided with a snap protrusion that is snapped with the snap hole.
  • the charging connector 40 and the annular flange are bonded to each other.
  • the charging connector 40 is adhesively connected to the annular flange using glue.
  • the body portion 41 and the annular flange are disconnected from the connection state. After the charging connector 40 is displaced along the first direction X, the emissions generated by the thermal runaway can be discharged through the gap between the annular flange and the body portion 41 .
  • the body portion 41 of the charging connector 40 and the housing 30 are fixedly connected.
  • the pressure relief portion 35 When the pressure relief portion 35 is ruptured and damaged, the exhaust generated by the thermal runaway acts on the body portion 41 to impact the body portion 41 .
  • the entire charging connector 40 After the body portion 41 is impacted, it can bulge and deform in a direction away from the pressure relief portion 35 , and at the same time, the entire charging connector 40 is displaced along the first direction X and is electrically disconnected from the battery cell 50 .
  • the main body portion 41 and the housing 30 are always kept connected, and the two are not separated.
  • the material of the body portion 41 may be a material that is not prone to rebound after being acted on by the high-temperature and high-pressure discharges ejected from the battery cells 50, so that the discharge produced by thermal runaway is a high-temperature and high-pressure substance, so that the body portion 41 After the deformation occurs, the rebound can no longer occur, reducing the possibility of the charging connector 40 moving toward the battery cell 50 to be electrically reconnected with the battery cell 50 .
  • the material of the body portion 41 may be plastics such as polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, or polypropylene.
  • the body portion 41 of the charging connector 40 and the housing 30 may be connected by welding.
  • the housing 30 has areas of weakness. A part of the casing 30 is thinned to form a weak area, and the weak area forms a pressure relief part 35 .
  • the battery 20 also includes a seal 60 .
  • the pressure relief portion 35 is provided around the seal 60 .
  • the sealing member 60 seals the charging connector 40 and the housing 30 , thereby preventing the possibility that external water vapor enters the interior of the battery 20 through the gap between the charging connector 40 and the housing 30 and adversely affects the battery 20 .
  • the sealing member 60 is an annular sealing ring or an annular sealant.
  • the material of the seal 60 may be rubber or silicone.
  • the housing 30 has through holes.
  • the through holes penetrate through the outer surface and the inner surface of the case 30 .
  • the axial direction of the through hole may be the same as the first direction X.
  • the through hole forms the pressure relief portion 35 . Emissions from thermal runaway can quickly pass through the through hole and act on the body portion 41 of the charging connector 40.
  • the charging connector 40 when the body portion 41 of the charging connector 40 is impacted, the charging connector 40 will be displaced along the first direction X and can be electrically disconnected from the battery cell 50 .
  • the manner in which the through hole provided on the housing 30 forms the pressure relief portion 35 can facilitate the discharge generated by thermal runaway to quickly and directly act on the body portion 41 of the charging connector 40 to exert an impact force on the body portion 41 .
  • the number of through holes may be two or more.
  • the two or more through holes are arranged in an annular distribution.
  • the two or more through holes are evenly distributed, which is beneficial to ensure that the overall force of the main body 41 is balanced, and reduce the possibility that the main body 41 is not easily separated from the casing 30 due to the inclination of the main body 41 .
  • the exhaust generated by the thermal runaway can be exhausted through the through hole and the gap between the housing 30 and the body portion 41 .
  • the housing 30 is provided with a recess 36 .
  • the through hole penetrates the bottom wall of the recessed portion 36 .
  • the housing 30 has through holes.
  • the through hole forms the pressure relief portion 35 .
  • a seal 60 is provided between the charging connector 40 and the housing 30 .
  • a seal 60 is provided around the pressure relief portion 35 .
  • the sealing member 60 is configured to isolate the inner space and the outer space of the casing 30, so as to prevent external water vapor from entering the interior of the battery 20 through the gap between the charging connector 40 and the casing 30 and causing adverse effects on the battery 20 on the one hand. On the other hand, it reduces the possibility that the discharge generated by thermal runaway leaks from the gap between the main body part 41 and the casing 30 , resulting in a small impact force on the main body part 41 , thereby causing the main body part 41 not to be actuated. sex.
  • the housing 30 has through holes thereon.
  • the through hole forms the pressure relief portion 35 .
  • Two sets of seals 60 are disposed between the charging connector 40 and the housing 30 .
  • Each set of seals 60 includes at least one seal 60 .
  • the pressure relief portion 35 is located between the two sets of seals 60 .
  • a set of seals 60 located inside the pressure relief portion 35 is configured to insulate the inner space and the outer space of the housing 30 .
  • a set of seals 60 located outside the pressure relief portion 35 is configured to isolate the inner space and the outer space of the housing 30 to prevent the discharge from the pressure relief portion 35 from leaking through the gap between the body portion 41 and the housing 30 to the outer space of the casing 30 , thereby reducing the possibility that the body portion 41 is not easily separated from the casing 30 due to the small impact force received by the leakage of the exhaust.
  • the inner side of the pressure relief portion 35 refers to the direction perpendicular to the first direction X
  • the pressure relief portion 35 faces the side of the wiring unit 42
  • the outer side of the pressure relief portion 35 refers to the direction perpendicular to the first direction X.
  • the pressure relief portion 35 faces away from the wiring unit 42
  • the sealing member 60 as shown in FIG. 15 is located outside the pressure relief portion 35 .
  • the battery 20 further includes an actuator 70 .
  • the actuator 70 is connected to the housing 30 and is configured to apply a force to the charging connector 40 away from the battery cells 50 .
  • the actuator 70 is used to provide auxiliary force to the body portion 41 .
  • the force carried by the body portion 41 is the sum of the impact force of the discharge generated by the thermal runaway and the acting force of the actuator 70, so that the body portion 41 can be actuated more easily to reduce the possibility that the charging contacts 40 do not move and the charging contacts 40 are not electrically disconnected from the battery cells 50 in the event of thermal runaway of the battery cells 50 .
  • the number of actuators 70 is two or more.
  • the two or more actuators 70 are distributed in an annular shape and are evenly distributed, which is beneficial to ensure that the body portion 41 receives a balanced force.
  • the actuator 70 includes an elastic member 71 and a rod member 72 .
  • the rod 72 is connected to the body portion 41 .
  • One end of the elastic member 71 is connected to the rod member 72 , and the other end is connected to the housing 30 .
  • the elastic member 71 is configured to apply a force away from the battery cell 50 to the rod member 72 .
  • the housing 30 is provided with a first through hole 30b, and the rod 72 passes through the first through hole 30b.
  • the rod 72 can move relative to the housing 30 along the axial direction of the first through hole 30b.
  • the axial direction of the first through hole 30b is the same as the first direction X.
  • the rod member 72 and the housing 30 jointly stretch the elastic member 71, so that the elastic member 71 is in a stretched state.
  • the end of the rod member 72 away from the body portion 41 has a blocking portion 721 .
  • One end of the elastic member 71 is connected to the blocking portion 721 , and the other end is connected to the housing 30 .
  • the rod member 72 and the housing 30 jointly compress the elastic member 71 so that the elastic member 71 is in a compressed state.
  • the elastic member 71 releases elastic potential energy, thereby driving the rod member 72 and the body portion 41 to move upward at the same time.
  • the elastic member 71 may be a spring or an elastic rubber block.
  • the elastic member 71 is sleeved on the outer circumference of the rod member 72 .
  • the rod member 72 can provide guidance for the compression process or the stretching process of the elastic member 71 .
  • the actuator 70 also includes a housing 73 .
  • the rod member 72 and the elastic member 71 are disposed on the side of the body portion 41 facing the battery cell 50 .
  • the cover body 73 is configured to accommodate the rod member 72 and the elastic member 71 .
  • the cover body 73 is provided inside the casing 30 .
  • the cover body 73 can be detachably connected to the housing 30.
  • the cover body 73 can collect debris generated during the assembly process of the rod member 72 and the elastic member 71 , thereby reducing the possibility of the debris entering the interior of the battery 20 and causing performance failure of the battery 20 .
  • the actuator 70 includes an elastic member 71 .
  • the elastic member 71 is disposed between the body portion 41 and the housing 30 , and when the body portion 41 and the housing 30 are in a connected state, the elastic member 71 is in a compressed state.
  • One end of the elastic member 71 may be connected to the body portion 41 , and the other end may be connected to the housing 30 .
  • the elastic member 71 releases elastic potential energy, thereby exerting a force on the body portion 41 .
  • the elastic member 71 may be a coil spring, a torsion spring or an elastic rubber block.
  • the housing 30 further includes a guide channel 37 .
  • the guide channel 37 is located inside the housing 30 .
  • the guide passages 37 are configured to guide emissions from thermal runaway of the battery cells 50 to the pressure relief portion 35 .
  • the guide channel 37 is beneficial to collect the exhaust generated by thermal runaway and guide the exhaust generated by thermal runaway to the pressure relief part 35 more quickly, thereby helping to shorten the time for the exhaust generated by thermal runaway to act on the body part 41 and further accelerate the
  • the charging connector 40 is electrically disconnected from the battery cells 50 .
  • the guide channel 37 includes a manifold channel 371 and a branch channel 372 .
  • the branch channel 372 communicates with the manifold cavity 371 .
  • Emissions generated from the runaway of the battery cells 50 can be collected in the confluence chamber 371 and act on the pressure relief portion 35 .
  • the pressure relief portion 35 and the confluence chamber 371 are disposed opposite to each other.
  • the relative arrangement of the pressure relief portion 35 and the confluence cavity 371 means that in the first direction X, the projection of the pressure relief portion 35 and the projection of the confluence cavity 371 at least partially overlap.
  • the emissions generated by the thermal runaway of the battery cells 50 can be quickly collected into the confluence cavity 371 along each branch channel 372, so as to reduce the non-directional spread of the emissions generated by the thermal runaway and the disconnection of the charging connector 40 from the battery cells 50.
  • a rib 30 a is provided on the inner side of the housing 30 .
  • the rib 30a encloses the guide channel 37 .
  • a recessed portion (not shown) is provided on the inner side of the housing 30 .
  • the recessed portion is recessed from the inner surface of the housing 30 to the outer surface.
  • the opening of the recessed portion faces the battery cell 50 .
  • the recessed portion forms a guide channel 37 .
  • the number of battery cells 50 is plural.
  • Each battery cell 50 includes an explosion-proof valve 52 .
  • At least one of the plurality of explosion-proof valves 52 is disposed facing the explosion-proof valve 52 guide passage 37.
  • the exhaust discharged from the explosion-proof valve 52 disposed facing the guide passage 37 can act on the pressure relief portion 35 and the body portion 41 of the charging connector 40 more quickly under the guidance of the guide passage 37, thereby facilitating further The expedited charging connector 40 is electrically disconnected from the battery cell 50 .
  • an embodiment of the present application further provides a method for manufacturing a battery 20, which includes:
  • the battery cells 50 are installed in the casing 30 provided with the pressure relief part 35, and the pressure relief part 35 is configured to discharge the discharge generated by the thermal runaway of the battery cells 50 to the outside of the casing 30;
  • the charging connector 40 is electrically connected to the battery cell 50 .
  • the method for manufacturing the battery 20 of the embodiment of the present application can manufacture the above-mentioned battery 20 .
  • the body portion 41 of the charging connector 40 covers the pressure relief portion 35 of the case 30 .
  • the thermal runaway of the battery cell 50 occurs, the discharge generated by the thermal runaway of the battery cell 50 can pass through the pressure relief portion 35 and act on the body portion 41 of the charging connector 40, so that an impact force can be applied to the body portion 41, causing the body portion At least a portion of 41 is actuated in a direction away from battery cell 50 .
  • the relative positions of the charging connector 40 and the housing 30 are changed, and the charging connector 40 is moved away from the battery cell 50, so that the charging connector 40 is electrically disconnected from the battery cell 50, and the device is charged.
  • the charging of the battery cells 50 is stopped. Therefore, when the battery cell 50 is thermally out of control, the charging connector 40 can be disconnected from the battery cell 50 in time to stop charging the battery cell 50, thereby effectively reducing the degree of thermal runaway and reducing the possibility of fire or explosion.
  • the use safety of the battery 20 is improved.
  • an embodiment of the present application further provides a manufacturing equipment for a battery 20, which includes:
  • the first device 100 is configured to accommodate the battery cells 50 in the casing 30 provided with the pressure relief portion 35 , and the pressure relief portion 35 is configured to discharge the discharge generated by the thermal runaway of the battery cells 50 to the casing 30 . outside;
  • the second device 200 is configured to install the charging connector 40 including the body portion 41 on the housing 30;
  • the third device 300 is configured to electrically connect the charging connector 40 to the battery cell 50 , and the body portion 41 is located on the side of the housing 30 facing away from the battery cell 50 and covers the pressure relief portion 35 .
  • the manufacturing apparatus of the battery 20 of the embodiment of the present application may execute the above-described manufacturing method of the battery 20 to manufacture the above-described battery 20 .
  • the body portion 41 of the charging connector 40 covers the pressure relief portion 35 of the case 30 .
  • the thermal runaway of the battery cell 50 occurs, the discharge generated by the thermal runaway of the battery cell 50 can pass through the pressure relief portion 35 and act on the body portion 41 of the charging connector 40, so that an impact force can be applied to the body portion 41, causing the body portion At least a portion of 41 is actuated in a direction away from battery cell 50 .
  • the relative positions of the charging connector 40 and the housing 30 are changed, and the charging connector 40 is moved away from the battery cell 50, so that the charging connector 40 is electrically disconnected from the battery cell 50, and the device is charged.
  • the charging of the battery cells 50 is stopped. Therefore, when the battery cell 50 is thermally out of control, the charging connector 40 can be disconnected from the battery cell 50 in time to stop charging the battery cell 50, thereby effectively reducing the degree of thermal runaway and reducing the possibility of fire or explosion.
  • the use safety of the battery 20 is improved.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)
  • Connection Of Batteries Or Terminals (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)
  • Gas Exhaust Devices For Batteries (AREA)

Abstract

本申请实施方式提供一种电池、用电装置、电池的制造方法及其设备。电池包括：电池单体；壳体，用于容纳电池单体，壳体包括泄压部，泄压部被配置为将电池单体热失控产生的排放物泄放到壳体外；和充电接头，被配置为与电池单体电连接；充电接头包括本体部，本体部被配置为设置于壳体背向电池单体的一侧并覆盖泄压部，电池单体热失控产生的排放物能够通过泄压部并作用于本体部，使得本体部的至少一部分朝远离电池单体的方向致动以使充电接头与电池单体断开电连接。本申请的电池，旨在解决热失控时容易引导爆炸或起火等安全问题。

Description

电池、用电装置、电池的制造方法及其设备
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求享有于2021年02月07日提交的名称为“电池、用电装置、电池的制造方法及其设备”的中国专利申请202110169096.4的优先权，该申请的全部内容通过引用并入本文中。
技术领域
本申请涉及电池领域，特别是涉及一种电池、用电装置、电池的制造方法及其设备。
背景技术
由于可充放电的电池具有能量密度高、功率密度高、循环使用次数多和存储时间长等优点，在电动汽车、移动设备或电动工具上面已普遍应用。电池需要使用外部电源来进行充电。充电方式可以是慢速充电，也可以是快速充电。然而，在充电过程中，电池存在热失控风险，并且容易引起爆炸或起火等安全问题。
发明内容
本申请提供一种电池、用电装置、电池的制造方法及其设备，旨在解决热失控时容易引导爆炸或起火等安全问题。
一方面，本申请提出了一种电池，其包括：
电池单体；
壳体，用于容纳电池单体，壳体包括泄压部，泄压部被配置为将电池单体热失控产生的排放物泄放到壳体外；和
充电接头，被配置为与电池单体电连接；充电接头包括本体部，本体部被配置为设置于壳体背向电池单体的一侧并覆盖泄压部，电池单体热 失控产生的排放物能够通过泄压部并作用于本体部，使得本体部的至少一部分朝远离电池单体的方向致动以使充电接头与电池单体断开电连接。
根据本申请实施例的电池包括电池单体、壳体以及充电接头。电池单体设置于壳体内。壳体包括用于泄放内部压力的泄压部。充电接头设置于壳体并且与电池单体电连接，以使充电设备可以通过充电接头对电池单体进行充电。充电接头包括本体部。充电接头的本体部覆盖壳体的泄压部。当电池单体发生热失控时，电池单体热失控产生的排放物可以通过泄压部并作用于充电接头的本体部，从而可以对本体部施加冲击力，使得本体部的至少一部分朝远离电池单体的方向致动。本体部发生致动时，可以使充电接头和壳体的相对位置发生变化，并且充电接头远离电池单体移动，从而充电接头与电池单体可以断开电连接，充电设备停止对电池单体充电。因此，在电池单体发生热失控时，充电接头能够与电池单体脱离电连接状态，以停止对电池单体充电，从而可以有效降低热失控程度，降低发生起火或爆炸的可能性，提高电池的使用安全性。
根据本申请的一个实施例，壳体还包括引导通道，引导通道位于壳体的内侧，引导通道被配置为将电池单体热失控产生的排放物引导至泄压部。
引导通道有利于聚集热失控产生的排放物和更快地将热失控产生的排放物引导至泄压部，从而有利于缩短热失控产生的排放物作用于本体部的时间，进一步加快充电接头与电池单体断开电连接。
根据本申请的一个实施例，引导通道包括汇流腔和支路通道，支路通道与汇流腔相连通，泄压部与汇流腔相对设置。
电池单体热失控产生的排放物能够沿各个支路通道快速地汇集到汇流腔，降低因排放物无方向性地蔓延而导致充电接头与电池单体断开电连接的速度相对偏慢的可能性。
根据本申请的一个实施例，电池单体数量为多个，每个电池单体包括防爆阀，多个防爆阀中的至少一个防爆阀面向引导通道设置。
发生热失控时，面向引导通道设置的防爆阀中排放的排放物能够在引导通道的引导作用下更快地作用于泄压部和充电接头的本体部，从而有 利于进一步加快充电接头与电池单体断开电连接。
根据本申请的一个实施例，电池还包括致动器，致动器连接于壳体，致动器被配置为向充电接头施加远离电池单体的作用力。
致动器用于为本体部提供辅助的作用力。在热失控产生的排放物对充电接头的本体部施加冲击力时，本体部承载的作用力为热失控产生的排放物冲击力和致动器的作用力之和，从而本体部可以更容易地发生致动，以降低电池单体发生热失控时，充电接头未发生移动而导致充电接头未与电池单体断开电连接的可能性。
根据本申请的一个实施例，致动器包括弹性件，弹性件的一端连接于本体部，另一端连接于壳体，弹性件被配置为向充电接头施加远离电池单体的作用力。
发生热失控时，弹性件释放弹性势能，从而向本体部施加作用力。
根据本申请的一个实施例，致动器包括杆件和弹性件，杆件连接于本体部，弹性件的一端连接于杆件，另一端连接于壳体，弹性件被配置为向杆件施加远离电池单体的作用力。
发生热失控时，弹性件释放弹性势能，从而带动杆件和本体部同时上移。
根据本申请的一个实施例，弹性件套设于杆件的外周。
杆件对弹性件的压缩和伸长提供导向作用，使弹性件作用于杆件或壳体上的力更集中。
根据本申请的一个实施例，致动器还包括罩体，杆件和弹性件设置于本体部朝向电池单体的一侧，罩体被配置为容纳杆件和弹性件。
罩体可以收集在杆件和弹性件的组装过程中出现的碎屑，降低碎屑进入电池的内部而导致电池出现性能故障的可能性。
根据本申请的一个实施例，充电接头与壳体可拆卸连接。
根据本申请的一个实施例，壳体具有薄弱区，薄弱区形成泄压部，薄弱区的强度小于壳体其它部位的强度。
根据本申请的一个实施例，壳体具有贯通孔，贯通孔形成泄压部，电池还包括密封件，密封件环绕泄压部设置，密封件被配置为隔绝壳体的 内部空间和外部空间。
根据本申请的一个实施例，本体部包括凹槽，凹槽面向泄压部设置。
充电接头的本体部设置的凹槽，可以使得热失控产生的排放物通过泄压部后，迅速在凹槽内聚集并对本体部施加更大的冲击力。
另一个方面，本申请提供一种用电装置，其包括如上述的电池，电池用于提供电能。
另一个方面，本申请提供一种电池的制造方法，其包括：
在设有泄压部的壳体内装入电池单体，泄压部被配置为将电池单体热失控产生的排放物泄放到壳体外；
在壳体上安装包括本体部的充电接头，以使本体部位于壳体背向电池单体的一侧并且覆盖泄压部；
将充电接头与电池单体电连接。
本申请实施例的电池的制造方法可以制造上述的电池。使用电池的制造方法制造的电池，充电接头的本体部覆盖壳体的泄压部。当电池单体发生热失控时，电池单体热失控产生的排放物可以通过泄压部并作用于充电接头的本体部，从而可以对本体部施加冲击力，使得本体部的至少一部分朝远离电池单体的方向致动。由于本体部发生致动，因此使得充电接头和壳体的相对位置发生变化，并且充电接头远离电池单体移动，从而充电接头与电池单体断开电连接，充电设备停止对电池单体充电。因此，在电池单体发生热失控时，充电接头能够及时与电池单体脱离连接，停止对电池单体充电，从而可以有效降低热失控程度，降低发生起火或爆炸的可能性，提高电池的使用安全性。
再一个方面，本申请提供一种电池的制造设备，其包括：
第一装置，被配置为在设有泄压部的壳体内装入电池单体，泄压部被配置为将电池单体热失控产生的排放物泄放到壳体外；
第二装置，被配置为在壳体上安装包括本体部的充电接头；
第三装置，被配置为将充电接头与电池单体电连接，本体部位于壳体背向电池单体的一侧并且覆盖泄压部。
本申请实施例的电池的制造设备可以执行上述的电池的制造方法以 制造上述的电池。使用电池的制造设备制造的电池，充电接头的本体部覆盖壳体的泄压部。当电池单体发生热失控时，电池单体热失控产生的排放物可以通过泄压部并作用于充电接头的本体部，从而可以对本体部施加冲击力，使得本体部的至少一部分朝远离电池单体的方向致动。由于本体部发生致动，因此使得充电接头和壳体的相对位置发生变化，并且充电接头远离电池单体移动，从而充电接头与电池单体断开电连接，充电设备停止对电池单体充电。因此，在电池单体发生热失控时，充电接头能够及时与电池单体脱离连接，停止对电池单体充电，从而可以有效降低热失控程度，降低发生起火或爆炸的可能性，提高电池的使用安全性。
附图说明
下面将参考附图来描述本申请示例性实施例的特征、优点和技术效果。
图1是本申请一实施例的车辆的结构示意图；
图2是本申请一实施例的电池的结构示意图；
图3是本申请一实施例的电池的分解结构示意图；
图4是本申请一实施例的电池的局部分解结构示意图；
图5是本申请一实施例正常使用状态的电池的局部剖视结构示意图；
图6是图5中A处放大图；
图7是图6所示实施例的电池发生热失控时的局部剖视结构示意图；
图8是图6所示实施例的电池发生热失控时的局部剖视结构示意图；
图9是图8中B处放大图；
图10是本申请另一实施例正常使用状态的电池的局部剖视结构示意图；
图11是图10所示实施例的电池发生热失控时的局部剖视结构示意图；
图12是本申请另一实施例正常使用状态的的电池的局部剖视结构示意图；
图13是图12所示实施例的电池发生热失控时的局部剖视结构示意 图；
图14是本申请另一实施例的电池的局部分解结构示意图；
图15是本申请另一实施例正常使用状态的电池的局部剖视结构示意图；
图16是图15所示实施例的电池发生热失控时的局部剖视结构示意图；
图17是本申请一实施例包括致动器的电池的局部剖视结构示意图；
图18是图17所示实施例的致动器推动充电接头的局部剖视结构示意图；
图19是本申请另一实施例包括致动器的电池的局部剖视结构示意图；
图20是本申请另一实施例包括致动器的电池的局部剖视结构示意图；
图21是图20所示实施例的致动器推动充电接头的局部剖视结构示意图；
图22是本申请一实施例包括引导通道的电池的局部结构示意图；
图23是本申请一实施例中引导通道与防爆阀的位置关系示意图；
图24是本申请一实施例的电池的制造方法的流程示意图；
图25是本申请一实施例的电池的制造设备的结构示意图。
在附图中，附图未必按照实际的比例绘制。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和实施例对本申请的实施方式作进一步详细描述。以下实施例的详细描述和附图用于示例性地说明本申请的原理，但不能用来限制本申请的范围，即本申请不限于所描述的实施例。
在本申请的描述中，需要说明的是，除非另有说明，“多个”的含义是两个以上；术语“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”、“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系仅是为了便于描述本申请和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本申请的限制。此外，术语“第一”、“第二”、“第三”等仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性。“垂 直”并不是严格意义上的垂直，而是在误差允许范围之内。“平行”并不是严格意义上的平行，而是在误差允许范围之内。
在本申请中提及“实施例”意味着，结合实施例描述的特定特征、结构或特性可以包含在本申请的至少一个实施例中。在说明书中的各个位置出现该短语并不一定均是指相同的实施例，也不是与其它实施例互斥的独立的或备选的实施例。本领域技术人员显式地和隐式地理解的是，本申请所描述的实施例可以与其它实施例相结合。
下述描述中出现的方位词均为图中示出的方向，并不是对本申请的具体结构进行限定。在本申请的描述中，还需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可视具体情况理解上述术语在本申请中的具体含义。
申请人发现在充电过程中，电池存在热失控风险，容易引起爆炸或起火等安全问题之后，对电池的结构和充电设备进行了分析和研究。申请人发现，电池在充电过程中，遇到过充后会发生热失控。同时在热失控初期，充电设备和电池并未彼此断开而是仍然处于连接状态，从而导致热失控的程度更加剧烈，进而容易引起爆炸或起火等安全问题。
当电池单体发生过热、短路、过充、碰撞等现象时，可能会导致电池单体内部短时间内产生大量气体、电池单体内部温度快速上升，最终可能导致电池单体出现爆炸和起火等情况，这一现象称之为电池单体的热失控。
电池单体热失控时，电池单体排放出大量排放物至电池的箱体内，导致箱体内气体大量聚集，温度升高，最终可能导致电池出现爆炸和起火。
本申请中所提到的来自电池单体的排放物包括但不限于：电解液、被溶解或分裂的正负极极片、隔离膜的碎片、反应产生的高温高压气体(如H 2、CO等可燃气体)、火焰，等等。
基于申请人发现的上述问题，申请人对电池的结构进行改进，下面对本申请实施例进行进一步描述。
为了更好地理解本申请，下面结合图1至图23对本申请实施例进行描述。
参见图1所示，本申请实施例提供一种使用电池20作为电源的用电装置。该用电装置可以但不仅限于为车辆、船舶或飞行器等。参见图1所示，本申请的一个实施例提供一种车辆10。车辆10可以为燃油汽车、燃气汽车或新能源汽车。新能源汽车可以是纯电动汽车、混合动力汽车或增程式汽车等。在本申请一实施例中，车辆10包括电池20。电池20可以作为车辆10的驱动电源，替代或部分地替代燃油或天然气为车辆10提供驱动动力。在一个示例中，在车辆10的底部、车头或车尾可以设置电池20。电池20可以用于为车辆10供电。在一个示例中，电池20可以作为车辆10的操作电源，用于车辆10的电路系统。示例性地，电池20可以用于车辆10的启动、导航和运行时的工作用电需求。
一些实施例中，车辆10还可以包括马达10a和控制器10b。控制器10b用来控制电池20为马达10a供电。马达10a通过传动机构与车轮连接，从而驱动车辆10行进。
一些实施例中，电池20可以包括壳体30。壳体30包括箱体(图未示出)和盖体(图未示出)。箱体具有空腔(图未示出)和开口(图未示出)，盖体盖合于开口处形成壳体。
参见图2和图3所示，电池20可以包括壳体30。在一个示例中，壳体30包括筒体31、第一盖体32和第二盖体33。第一盖体32和第二盖体33分别沿第一方向X分别设置于筒体31的两端。第一方向X与筒体31的轴向相同。第一盖体32和第二盖体33分别与筒体31可拆卸连接。例如，可以第一盖体32和第二盖体33分别与筒体31卡接或者使用螺钉连接。筒体31、第一盖体32和第二盖体33组装后形成容纳空间。为了满足不同的使用电力需求，电池20的壳体30内可以包括一个或多个电池单体30。多个电池单体30可以串联、并联或混联。混联是指串联和并联的混合。电池单体30包括含锂离子二次电池、锂离子一次电池、锂硫电池、钠锂离子电池或镁离子电池，但不局限于此。
本申请实施例的壳体30包括泄压部35。泄压部35被配置为将电池 单体50热失控产生的排放物泄放到壳体30外，从而可以降低壳体30内的压力。本申请实施例以泄压部35设置于第一盖体32来示例说明技术方案。
本申请实施例的电池单体50包括电极端子51和防爆阀52。各个电池单体50通过电极端子51相互电连接。在电池单体50发生热失控时，电池单体50的防爆阀52会发生爆破，以泄放电池单体50内部的压力。
参见图4和图5所示，本申请实施例电池还包括充电接头40。充电接头40被配置为与电池单体50电连接。充电设备(图未示出)可以通过充电接头40从电池20的外部对电池20内部的各个电池单体50进行充电。充电接头40包括本体部41。本体部41被配置为设置于壳体30背向电池单体50的一侧并覆盖泄压部35。也就是说，在第一方向X上，本体部41的正投影覆盖泄压部35的正投影。示例性地，充电接头40具有环形凸缘。环形凸缘形成本体部41。电池单体50热失控产生的排放物能够通过泄压部35并作用于本体部41，使得本体部41的至少一部分朝远离电池单体50的方向致动以使充电接头40与电池单体50断开电连接，从而充电设备停止对电池单体50充电。需要说明的是，远离电池单体50的方向与第一方向X相同。致动指的是结构件受外力作用时，自身的至少一部分沿预定方向发生移动或变形。
本申请实施例的电池20包括电池单体50、壳体30以及充电接头40。电池单体50设置于壳体30内。壳体30包括用于泄放内部压力的泄压部35。充电接头40设置于壳体30并且与电池单体50电连接，以使充电设备可以通过充电接头40对电池单体50进行充电。充电接头40包括本体部41。充电接头40的本体部41覆盖壳体30的泄压部35。当电池单体50发生热失控时，电池单体50热失控产生的排放物可以通过泄压部35并作用于充电接头40的本体部41，从而可以对本体部41施加冲击力，使得本体部41的至少一部分朝远离电池单体50的方向致动。本体部41发生致动时，可以使充电接头40和壳体30的相对位置发生变化，并且充电接头40远离电池单体50移动，从而充电接头40与电池单体50可以断开电连接，充电设备停止对电池单体50充电。因此，在电池单体50发生热失控时，充电接头40能够与电池单体50脱离电连接状态，以停止对电池单体50充 电，从而可以有效降低热失控程度，降低发生起火或爆炸的可能性，提高电池20的使用安全性。
在一些实施例中，充电接头40还包括接线单元42。充电接头40通过接线单元42与电极端子51电连接。壳体30上具有安装孔34。充电接头40的一部分可以插入壳体30的安装孔34内。在安装孔34的径向上壳体30上形成安装孔34的部分可以对充电接头40形成限位约束。
在一些实施例中，充电接头40整体位于壳体30的外侧。充电接头40可以覆盖壳体30的安装孔34。
在一些实施例中，参见图6所示，壳体30具有薄弱区。薄弱区形成泄压部35。
薄弱区的强度小于壳体30其它部位的强度，从而电池单体50热失控产生的排放物易于破坏薄弱区而泄放到壳体30外。示例性地，壳体30的一部分区域作厚度减薄处理以形成薄弱区。或者，壳体30的一部分区域的材料可以是有利于被从电池单体50内部喷出的高温高压排放物破坏的材料。
参见图7所示，在电池单体50热失控时，热失控产生的排放物会作用于泄压部35朝向电池单体50的表面，从而对泄压部35施加冲击力，以使泄压部35的至少一部分发生破裂损坏。热失控产生的排放物通过泄压部35后，会作用于本体部41朝向泄压部35的表面，从而对本体部41施加冲击力。
参见图8和图9所示，本体部41受到冲击力作用时，本体部41会与壳体30脱离连接，从而两者发生分离，而充电接头40可以沿第一方向X发生位移。充电接头40发生位移后，充电接头40与电池单体50的电极端子51断开电连接，而热失控产生的排放物可以通过本体部41和壳体30之间的间隙排放出去，从而泄放电池20的内部压力。通过充电接头40和壳体30的组合使用即可实现电池20的泄压功能以及切断充电接头40和电池单体50电连接的功能。
示例性地，可以使用预定长度的导线将充电接头40和电极端子51电连接。充电接头40发生位移后，可以拉断该导线，以断开与电极端子51 的电连接。或者，充电接头40可以连接于焊盘，而电极端子51也连接于焊盘。充电接头40发生位移后，充电接头40与焊盘分离，以断开与电极端子51的电连接。
在一些示例中，壳体30上的泄压部35为环形结构。壳体30上的泄压部35可以为开环或闭环。或者，壳体30上的泄压部35的数量为两个以上。各个泄压部35彼此间隔设置并且呈环状分布。
在一些实施例中，充电接头40与壳体30为可拆卸连接，可以便于充电接头40和壳体30的生产制造以及组装。示例性地，充电接头40与壳体30彼此卡接。充电接头40的本体部41和壳体30中的一者设置有卡接孔，另一者设置有与卡接孔卡接的卡接凸起。在充电接头40受到冲击力作用时，卡接凸起从卡接孔中脱出，从而本体部41和壳体30脱离连接状态。
在一些实施例中，充电接头40与壳体30彼此粘接。使用胶水将充电接头40和壳体30粘接连接，在充电接头40受到冲击力作用时，充电接头40与壳体30中的至少一者与胶水脱离连接状态，从而本体部41和壳体30脱离连接状态。
在一些实施例中，参见图9所示，壳体30上设置有凹部36。凹部36从壳体30的外表面朝向内表面凹陷形成。凹部36的开口背向电池单体50。充电接头40的本体部41的至少一部分沉入该凹部36，从而可以在第一方向X上减小电池20的尺寸，有利于提高电池20的能量密度。充电接头40的本体部41上靠近壳体30的侧壁可以与壳体30相连接。
在一些实施例中，参见图6至图9所示，充电接头40的本体部41设置凹槽411。本体部41朝向壳体30的表面为阶梯状以使本体部41朝向泄压部35的位置形成凹槽411。凹槽411面向泄压部35设置，从而使得本体部41朝向泄压部35的表面与泄压部35之间具有间隙。一方面，在泄压部35受到冲击力作用时，泄压部35的一部分需要外翻才可以引发破裂损坏。而本体部41的凹槽411可以形成避让结构，从而电池单体50发生热失控时，可以保证泄压部35的一部分顺利完成外翻并发生破裂损坏，降低泄压部35受到冲击力作用时，泄压部35受到本体部41的限制无法顺利外翻而导致泄压部35不能发生破裂损坏的可能性。另一方面，充电接头40 的本体部41设置的凹槽411，可以使得热失控产生的排放物通过泄压部35后，迅速在凹槽411内聚集并对本体部41施加更大的冲击力。
在一些实施例中，参见图10和图11所示，壳体30具有外凸的环形凸缘。本体部41与环形凸缘相连接。示例性地，充电接头40的本体部41和环形凸缘中的一者设置有卡接孔，另一者设置有与卡接孔卡接的卡接凸起。或者，充电接头40与环形凸缘彼此粘接。例如，使用胶水将充电接头40与环形凸缘粘接连接。在充电接头40受到冲击力作用时，本体部41和环形凸缘脱离连接状态。充电接头40沿第一方向X位移后，热失控产生的排放物可以通过环形凸缘和本体部41之间的间隙排放出去。
在一些实施例中，参见图12和图13所示，充电接头40的本体部41和壳体30固定连接。当泄压部35发生破裂损坏后，热失控产生的排放物作用于本体部41以冲击本体部41。本体部41受到冲击后，可以向远离泄压部35的方向发生隆起变形，同时充电接头40整体沿第一方向X位移并与电池单体50脱离电连接。但是，本体部41与壳体30始终保持连接状态，两者不发生分离。示例性地，本体部41的材料可以是被从电池单体50内部喷出的高温高压排放物作用后不易发生回弹的材料，从而热失控产生的排放物为高温高压物质，使得本体部41发生变形后，不再能够发生回弹，降低充电接头40朝电池单体50移动而与电池单体50重新电连接的可能性。例如，本体部41的材料可以是聚乙烯、聚氯乙烯或聚丙烯等塑料。在一个示例中，充电接头40的本体部41和壳体30可以焊接连接。
在一些实施例中，参见图12所示，壳体30具有薄弱区。壳体30的一部分区域厚度减薄以形成薄弱区，薄弱区形成泄压部35。电池20还包括密封件60。泄压部35环绕密封件60设置。密封件60密封充电接头40和壳体30，从而防止外界的水汽通过充电接头40和壳体30之间的缝隙进入电池20内部而对电池20造成不良影响的可能性。示例性地，密封件60为环形密封圈或者环形密封胶。密封件60的材料可以是橡胶或硅胶。
在一些实施例中，参见图14和图15所示，壳体30上具有贯通孔。贯通孔贯穿壳体30的外表面和内表面。贯通孔的轴向可以与第一方向X相同。贯通孔形成泄压部35。热失控产生的排放物可以迅速通过贯通孔 并作用于充电接头40的本体部41。
参见图16所示，充电接头40的本体部41受到冲击作用时，充电接头40会沿第一方向X位移并能够与电池单体50断开电连接。壳体30上设置的贯通孔形成泄压部35的方式，可以有利于热失控产生的排放物快速且直接地作用于充电接头40的本体部41，以对本体部41施加冲击力。
示例性地，贯通孔的数量可以是两个以上。两个以上的贯通孔呈环形分布设置。两个以上的贯通孔均匀分布，有利于保证本体部41整体受力均衡，降低本体部41发生倾斜而导致本体部41不易与壳体30发生分离的可能性。充电接头40沿第一方向X位移后，热失控产生的排放物可以通过贯通孔以及壳体30和本体部41之间的间隙排放出去。
在一些示例中，壳体30上设置有凹部36。贯通孔贯穿凹部36的底壁。
在一些实施例中，参见图15所示，壳体30上具有贯通孔。贯通孔形成泄压部35。充电接头40和壳体30之间设置密封件60。密封件60环绕泄压部35设置。密封件60被配置为隔绝壳体30的内部空间和外部空间，从而一方面，防止外界的水汽通过充电接头40和壳体30之间的缝隙进入电池20内部而对电池20造成不良影响的可能性；另一方面，降低热失控产生的排放物从本体部41和壳体30之间的缝隙发生泄漏而导致对本体部41的冲击力偏小，从而导致本体部41未发生致动的可能性。
在一些实施例中，壳体30上具有贯通孔。贯通孔形成泄压部35。充电接头40和壳体30之间设置两组密封件60。每组密封件60包括至少一个密封件60。泄压部35位于两组密封件60之间。位于泄压部35内侧的一组密封件60被配置为隔绝壳体30的内部空间和外部空间。位于泄压部35外侧的一组密封件60被配置为隔绝壳体30的内部空间和外部空间，防止从泄压部35排放出的排放物通过本体部41和壳体30之间的缝隙泄漏至壳体30的外部空间，从而降低因排放物发生泄漏而导致本体部41受到的冲击力偏小而不易与壳体30发生分离的可能性。需要说明的是，泄压部35内侧指的是沿垂直于第一方向X的方向上，泄压部35面向接线单元42的一侧，而泄压部35外侧指的是沿垂直于第一方向X的方向上，泄压部35 背向接线单元42的一侧，如图15中所示的密封件60是位于泄压部35外侧。
在一些实施例中，参见图17和图18所示，电池20还包括致动器70。致动器70连接于壳体30，并且被配置为向充电接头40施加远离电池单体50的作用力。致动器70用于为本体部41提供辅助的作用力。在热失控产生的排放物对充电接头40的本体部41施加冲击力时，本体部41承载的作用力为热失控产生的排放物冲击力和致动器70的作用力之和，从而本体部41可以更容易地发生致动，以降低电池单体50发生热失控时，充电接头40未发生移动而导致充电接头40未与电池单体50断开电连接的可能性。示例性地，致动器70的数量为两个以上。两个以上的致动器70呈环形分布并且均匀分布，有利于保证本体部41受力均衡。
在一些示例中，参见图17所示，致动器70包括弹性件71和杆件72。杆件72连接于本体部41。弹性件71的一端连接于杆件72，另一端连接于壳体30。弹性件71被配置为向杆件72施加远离电池单体50的作用力。壳体30上设置有第一通孔30b，而杆件72穿过第一通孔30b。杆件72可以沿第一通孔30b的轴向相对壳体30移动。第一通孔30b的轴向与第一方向X相同。
本体部41和壳体30处于连接状态时，杆件72和壳体30共同拉伸弹性件71，以使弹性件71处于拉伸状态。
或者，参见图19所示，杆件72远离本体部41的端部具有阻挡部721。弹性件71的一端连接于阻挡部721，另一端连接于壳体30。杆件72和壳体30共同压缩弹性件71，以使弹性件71处于压缩状态。发生热失控时，弹性件71释放弹性势能，从而带动杆件72和本体部41同时上移。示例性地，弹性件71可以是弹簧或弹性橡胶块。
在一些示例中，参见图17所示，弹性件71套设于杆件72的外周。杆件72可以对弹性件71的压缩过程或拉伸过程提供导向。
在一些示例中，致动器70还包括罩体73。杆件72和弹性件71设置于本体部41朝向电池单体50的一侧。罩体73被配置为容纳杆件72和弹性件71。罩体73设置于壳体30内部。罩体73可以与壳体30可拆卸 连接。罩体73可以收集在杆件72和弹性件71的组装过程中出现的碎屑，降低碎屑进入电池20的内部而导致电池20出现性能故障的可能性。
在一些示例中，参见图20和图21所示，致动器70包括弹性件71。弹性件71设置于本体部41和壳体30之间，并且本体部41和壳体30处于连接状态时，弹性件71处于压缩状态。弹性件71的一端可以连接于本体部41，另一端可以连接于壳体30。发生热失控时，弹性件71以释放弹性势能，从而向本体部41施加作用力。示例性地，弹性件71可以是螺旋弹簧、扭力弹簧或弹性橡胶块。
在一些实施例中，参见图22所示，壳体30还包括引导通道37。引导通道37位于壳体30的内侧。引导通道37被配置为将电池单体50热失控产生的排放物引导至泄压部35。引导通道37有利于聚集热失控产生的排放物和更快地将热失控产生的排放物引导至泄压部35，从而有利于缩短热失控产生的排放物作用于本体部41的时间，进一步加快充电接头40与电池单体50断开电连接。
在一些示例中，参照图22所示，引导通道37包括汇流腔371和支路通道372。支路通道372与汇流腔371相连通。电池单体50失控产生的排放物能够在汇流腔371汇集并作用于泄压部35。在第一方向X上，泄压部35和汇流腔371相对设置。泄压部35和汇流腔371相对设置指的是，在第一方向X上，泄压部35的投影和汇流腔371的投影至少部分重叠。电池单体50热失控产生的排放物能够沿各个支路通道372快速地汇集到汇流腔371，降低因热失控产生的排放物无方向性地蔓延而导致充电接头40与电池单体50断开电连接的速度相对偏慢的可能性。
示例性地，在壳体30的内侧设置有肋板30a。肋板30a围合形成引导通道37。在第一方向X上，肋板30a和电池单体50之间具有间隙。
或者，在壳体30的内侧具有凹陷部(图未示出)。凹陷部从壳体30的内表面向外表面凹陷。凹陷部的开口朝向电池单体50。凹陷部形成引导通道37。
在一些示例中，参见图23所示，电池单体50数量为多个。每个电池单体50包括防爆阀52。多个防爆阀52中的至少一个面向防爆阀52引 导通道37设置。发生热失控时，面向引导通道37设置的防爆阀52中排放的排放物能够在引导通道37的引导作用下更快地作用于泄压部35和充电接头40的本体部41，从而有利于进一步加快充电接头40与电池单体50断开电连接。
参见图24所示，本申请实施例还提供一种电池20的制造方法，其包括：
在设有泄压部35的壳体30内装入电池单体50，泄压部35被配置为将电池单体50热失控产生的排放物泄放到壳体30外；
在壳体30上安装包括本体部41的充电接头40，以使本体部41位于壳体30背向电池单体50的一侧并且覆盖泄压部35；
将充电接头40与电池单体50电连接。
本申请实施例的电池20的制造方法可以制造上述的电池20。使用电池20的制造方法制造的电池20，充电接头40的本体部41覆盖壳体30的泄压部35。当电池单体50发生热失控时，电池单体50热失控产生的排放物可以通过泄压部35并作用于充电接头40的本体部41，从而可以对本体部41施加冲击力，使得本体部41的至少一部分朝远离电池单体50的方向致动。由于本体部41发生致动，因此使得充电接头40和壳体30的相对位置发生变化，并且充电接头40远离电池单体50移动，从而充电接头40与电池单体50断开电连接，充电设备停止对电池单体50充电。因此，在电池单体50发生热失控时，充电接头40能够及时与电池单体50脱离连接，停止对电池单体50充电，从而可以有效降低热失控程度，降低发生起火或爆炸的可能性，提高电池20的使用安全性。
参见图25所示，本申请实施例还提供一种电池20的制造设备，其包括：
第一装置100，被配置为在设有泄压部35的壳体30内装入电池单体50，泄压部35被配置为将电池单体50热失控产生的排放物泄放到壳体30外；
第二装置200，被配置为在壳体30上安装包括本体部41的充电接头40；
第三装置300，被配置为将充电接头40与电池单体50电连接，本体部41位于壳体30背向电池单体50的一侧并且覆盖泄压部35。
本申请实施例的电池20的制造设备可以执行上述的电池20的制造方法以制造上述的电池20。使用电池20的制造设备制造的电池20，充电接头40的本体部41覆盖壳体30的泄压部35。当电池单体50发生热失控时，电池单体50热失控产生的排放物可以通过泄压部35并作用于充电接头40的本体部41，从而可以对本体部41施加冲击力，使得本体部41的至少一部分朝远离电池单体50的方向致动。由于本体部41发生致动，因此使得充电接头40和壳体30的相对位置发生变化，并且充电接头40远离电池单体50移动，从而充电接头40与电池单体50断开电连接，充电设备停止对电池单体50充电。因此，在电池单体50发生热失控时，充电接头40能够及时与电池单体50脱离连接，停止对电池单体50充电，从而可以有效降低热失控程度，降低发生起火或爆炸的可能性，提高电池20的使用安全性。
虽然已经参考优选实施例对本申请进行了描述，但在不脱离本申请的范围的情况下，可以对其进行各种改进并且可以用等效物替换其中的部件，尤其是，只要不存在结构冲突，各个实施例中所提到的各项技术特征均可以任意方式组合起来。本申请并不局限于文中公开的特定实施例，而是包括落入权利要求的范围内的所有技术方案。

Claims (16)

  1. 一种电池，包括：
    电池单体；
    壳体，用于容纳所述电池单体，所述壳体包括泄压部，所述泄压部被配置为将所述电池单体热失控产生的排放物泄放到所述壳体外；和
    充电接头，被配置为与所述电池单体电连接；所述充电接头包括本体部，所述本体部被配置为设置于所述壳体背向所述电池单体的一侧并覆盖所述泄压部，所述电池单体热失控产生的排放物能够通过所述泄压部并作用于所述本体部，使得所述本体部的至少一部分朝远离所述电池单体的方向致动以使所述充电接头与所述电池单体断开电连接。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电池，其中，所述壳体还包括引导通道，所述引导通道位于所述壳体的内侧，所述引导通道被配置为将所述电池单体热失控产生的排放物引导至所述泄压部。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的电池，其中，所述引导通道包括汇流腔和支路通道，所述支路通道与所述汇流腔相连通，所述泄压部与所述汇流腔相对设置。
  4. 根据权利要求2或3所述的电池，其中，所述电池单体数量为多个，每个所述电池单体包括防爆阀，多个所述防爆阀中的至少一个所述防爆阀面向所述引导通道设置。
  5. 根据权利要求1至4任一项所述的电池，其中，所述电池还包括致动器，所述致动器连接于所述壳体，所述致动器被配置为向所述充电接头施加远离所述电池单体的作用力。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的电池，其中，所述致动器包括弹性件，所述弹性件的一端连接于所述本体部，另一端连接于所述壳体，所述弹性件被配置为向所述充电接头施加远离所述电池单体的作用力。
  7. 根据权利要求5所述的电池，其中，所述致动器包括杆件和弹性件，所述杆件连接于所述本体部，所述弹性件的一端连接于所述杆件，另一端连接于所述壳体，所述弹性件被配置为向所述杆件施加远离所述电池单体的作用力。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的电池，其中，所述致动器还包括罩体，所述杆件和所述弹性件设置于所述本体部朝向所述电池单体的一侧，所述罩体被配置为容纳所述杆件和所述弹性件。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的电池，其中，所述弹性件套设于所述杆件的外周。
  10. 根据权利要求1至9任一项所述的电池，其中，所述充电接头与所述壳体可拆卸连接。
  11. 根据权利要求1至10任一项所述的电池，其中，所述壳体具有薄弱区，所述薄弱区形成所述泄压部，所述薄弱区的强度小于所述壳体其它部位的强度。
  12. 根据权利要求1至10任一项所述的电池，其中，所述壳体具有贯通孔，所述贯通孔形成所述泄压部，所述电池还包括密封件，所述密封件环绕所述泄压部设置，所述密封件被配置为隔绝所述壳体的内部空间和外部空间。
  13. 根据权利要求1至12任一项所述的电池，其中，所述本体部包括凹槽，所述凹槽面向所述泄压部设置。
  14. 一种用电装置，包括如权利要求1至13任一项所述的电池，所述电池用于提供电能。
  15. 一种电池的制造方法，包括：
    在设有泄压部的壳体内装入电池单体，所述泄压部被配置为将所述电池单体热失控产生的排放物泄放到所述壳体外；
    在所述壳体上安装包括本体部的充电接头，以使所述本体部位于所述壳体背向所述电池单体的一侧并且覆盖所述泄压部；
    将所述充电接头与所述电池单体电连接。
  16. 一种电池的制造设备，包括：
    第一装置，被配置为在设有泄压部的壳体内装入电池单体，所述泄压部被配置为将所述电池单体热失控产生的排放物泄放到所述壳体外；
    第二装置，被配置为在所述壳体上安装包括本体部的充电接头；
    第三装置，被配置为将所述充电接头与所述电池单体电连接，所述本体部位于所述壳体背向所述电池单体的一侧并且覆盖所述泄压部。
PCT/CN2021/142950 2021-02-07 2021-12-30 电池、用电装置、电池的制造方法及其设备 WO2022166490A1 (zh)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2022565611A JP7411119B2 (ja) 2021-02-07 2021-12-30 電池、電力使用装置、電池の製造方法および製造装置
EP21924483.7A EP4123812A4 (en) 2021-02-07 2021-12-30 BATTERY, ELECTRICAL APPARATUS, BATTERY MANUFACTURING METHOD AND ASSOCIATED DEVICE
KR1020227038746A KR102706841B1 (ko) 2021-02-07 2021-12-30 전지, 전기 장치, 전지의 제조 방법 및 그의 장비
US17/970,615 US20230040343A1 (en) 2021-02-07 2022-10-21 Battery, electrical apparatus, and method and device for manufacturing battery

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202110169096.4 2021-02-07
CN202110169096.4A CN114914641B (zh) 2021-02-07 2021-02-07 电池、用电装置、电池的制造方法及其设备

Related Child Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US17/970,615 Continuation US20230040343A1 (en) 2021-02-07 2022-10-21 Battery, electrical apparatus, and method and device for manufacturing battery

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2022166490A1 true WO2022166490A1 (zh) 2022-08-11

Family

ID=82740820

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/CN2021/142950 WO2022166490A1 (zh) 2021-02-07 2021-12-30 电池、用电装置、电池的制造方法及其设备

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US20230040343A1 (zh)
EP (1) EP4123812A4 (zh)
JP (1) JP7411119B2 (zh)
KR (1) KR102706841B1 (zh)
CN (1) CN114914641B (zh)
WO (1) WO2022166490A1 (zh)

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20150280205A1 (en) * 2014-04-01 2015-10-01 Samsung Sdi Co., Ltd. Secondary battery
CN108666459A (zh) * 2017-03-31 2018-10-16 比亚迪股份有限公司 电池盖板组件、单体电池、电池模组、动力电池包和电动汽车
CN208028098U (zh) * 2018-04-08 2018-10-30 比亚迪股份有限公司 电流中断装置、电池盖板组件、单体电池、电池模组、动力电池及电动汽车
CN110277533A (zh) * 2018-03-16 2019-09-24 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 电池模组
CN211376677U (zh) * 2020-03-18 2020-08-28 湖南唯电科技有限公司 一种锂电池防爆外壳

Family Cites Families (20)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2701375B2 (ja) * 1988-10-21 1998-01-21 ソニー株式会社 防爆型密閉電池
JP2005108469A (ja) * 2003-09-29 2005-04-21 Shin Kobe Electric Mach Co Ltd 制御弁式鉛蓄電池の充電方式
JP4788646B2 (ja) * 2007-04-26 2011-10-05 トヨタ自動車株式会社 蓄電装置及び車両
KR20090124110A (ko) * 2008-05-29 2009-12-03 에너그린(주) 니켈-수소전지용 벤트 플러그
US8241772B2 (en) 2009-06-12 2012-08-14 Tesla Motors, Inc. Integrated battery pressure relief and terminal isolation system
KR101250197B1 (ko) * 2010-05-28 2013-04-03 주식회사 엘지화학 신규한 구조의 전지팩
CN203150629U (zh) * 2013-02-25 2013-08-21 宁德新能源科技有限公司 一种动力电池安全顶盖
JP6255970B2 (ja) 2013-12-16 2018-01-10 日産自動車株式会社 電池システム
KR102308633B1 (ko) * 2014-10-20 2021-10-05 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 전지 모듈
JP6260590B2 (ja) * 2015-07-14 2018-01-17 トヨタ自動車株式会社 非水系二次電池
WO2017034546A1 (en) * 2015-08-25 2017-03-02 Johnson Controls Technology Company Overcharge protection for a battery module
JP6636775B2 (ja) 2015-11-04 2020-01-29 株式会社エンビジョンＡｅｓｃジャパン 電池パック
CN108666458B (zh) * 2017-03-31 2020-11-06 比亚迪股份有限公司 电池盖板组件、单体电池、电池模组、动力电池包和电动汽车
KR102096983B1 (ko) * 2017-09-08 2020-04-03 주식회사 엘지화학 벤팅 가스를 이용하여 커넥터를 파단시키는 구조를 갖는 배터리 모듈
CN209561492U (zh) * 2019-03-28 2019-10-29 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 电池模组及电池包
CN209401710U (zh) * 2019-03-28 2019-09-17 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 电池模组及电池包
CN110379977A (zh) * 2019-08-07 2019-10-25 中山市润烨新能源科技有限公司 带自动泄压的动力电池结构件
CN211789102U (zh) 2020-02-17 2020-10-27 昆山富士锦电子有限公司 具有泄压阀装置的电池模组
CN111933833B (zh) * 2020-09-21 2021-01-01 江苏时代新能源科技有限公司 端盖组件、电池单体、电池及用电装置
CN112086605B (zh) * 2020-10-19 2022-11-25 江苏时代新能源科技有限公司 电池、用电装置、制备电池的方法和设备

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20150280205A1 (en) * 2014-04-01 2015-10-01 Samsung Sdi Co., Ltd. Secondary battery
CN108666459A (zh) * 2017-03-31 2018-10-16 比亚迪股份有限公司 电池盖板组件、单体电池、电池模组、动力电池包和电动汽车
CN110277533A (zh) * 2018-03-16 2019-09-24 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 电池模组
CN208028098U (zh) * 2018-04-08 2018-10-30 比亚迪股份有限公司 电流中断装置、电池盖板组件、单体电池、电池模组、动力电池及电动汽车
CN211376677U (zh) * 2020-03-18 2020-08-28 湖南唯电科技有限公司 一种锂电池防爆外壳

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See also references of EP4123812A4 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP7411119B2 (ja) 2024-01-10
EP4123812A4 (en) 2024-07-10
CN114914641B (zh) 2023-06-23
KR102706841B1 (ko) 2024-09-19
EP4123812A1 (en) 2023-01-25
CN114914641A (zh) 2022-08-16
US20230040343A1 (en) 2023-02-09
JP2023523963A (ja) 2023-06-08
KR20220164048A (ko) 2022-12-12

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN114175377B (zh) 电池及其相关装置、制备方法和制备设备
CN213782158U (zh) 电池、包括电池的装置和制备电池的设备
CN214898799U (zh) 端盖组件、电池及用电装置
WO2023279260A1 (zh) 电池单体、电池、用电设备及电池单体的制造方法和设备
KR20220145396A (ko) 엔드 커버 어셈블리, 배터리 셀, 그 배기 방법, 배터리 및 전기 장치
KR20220016502A (ko) 배터리, 전기사용장치, 배터리의 제조방법 및 장치
WO2023023917A1 (zh) 电池单体及其制造方法和制造系统、电池以及用电装置
KR20220013577A (ko) 배터리, 전기사용장치, 배터리의 제조방법 및 장치
US11984608B2 (en) Battery cell, battery, power consumption apparatus, method and apparatus for producing battery cell
US20230223641A1 (en) Box of battery, battery, power consumption apparatus, and method and apparatus for producing battery
WO2023050281A1 (zh) 电池单体及其制造方法和制造系统、电池以及用电装置
WO2022198462A1 (zh) 电池、用电装置、制备电池的方法和装置
WO2022006896A1 (zh) 电池及其相关装置、制备方法和制备设备
WO2022166490A1 (zh) 电池、用电装置、电池的制造方法及其设备
KR20230008110A (ko) 전지, 전기 장치, 전지 제조 방법 및 장치
JP2023531129A (ja) エンドキャップアセンブリ、電池単体、電池および電力使用装置
WO2023050289A1 (zh) 电池单体及其制造方法和制造系统、电池以及用电装置
WO2023141878A1 (zh) 电池、用电装置及电池的制造方法和制造设备
WO2023050278A1 (zh) 电池单体及其制造方法和制造系统、电池以及用电装置
WO2023097584A1 (zh) 电池单体、电池、用电设备及电池单体的制造方法和设备
JP2023546798A (ja) 圧力解放機構、電池単体、電池、電力使用装置およびその製造方法
WO2023097469A1 (zh) 电池单体及其制造方法和制造系统、电池以及用电装置
RU2805991C1 (ru) Батарея и связанное с ней устройство, способ ее изготовления и устройство для ее изготовления
CN218939874U (zh) 电池及用电装置
WO2023028748A1 (zh) 电池、用电装置以及制备电池的方法和装置

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 21924483

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

ENP Entry into the national phase

Ref document number: 2022565611

Country of ref document: JP

Kind code of ref document: A

ENP Entry into the national phase

Ref document number: 2021924483

Country of ref document: EP

Effective date: 20221017

ENP Entry into the national phase

Ref document number: 20227038746

Country of ref document: KR

Kind code of ref document: A

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE