WO2022163645A1 - 電解コンデンサ - Google Patents
電解コンデンサ Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2022163645A1 WO2022163645A1 PCT/JP2022/002657 JP2022002657W WO2022163645A1 WO 2022163645 A1 WO2022163645 A1 WO 2022163645A1 JP 2022002657 W JP2022002657 W JP 2022002657W WO 2022163645 A1 WO2022163645 A1 WO 2022163645A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- layer
- electroless
- plating layer
- external electrode
- electrolytic capacitor
- Prior art date
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Images
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G4/00—Fixed capacitors; Processes of their manufacture
- H01G4/002—Details
- H01G4/228—Terminals
- H01G4/232—Terminals electrically connecting two or more layers of a stacked or rolled capacitor
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G9/00—Electrolytic capacitors, rectifiers, detectors, switching devices, light-sensitive or temperature-sensitive devices; Processes of their manufacture
- H01G9/004—Details
- H01G9/008—Terminals
- H01G9/012—Terminals specially adapted for solid capacitors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G4/00—Fixed capacitors; Processes of their manufacture
- H01G4/30—Stacked capacitors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G9/00—Electrolytic capacitors, rectifiers, detectors, switching devices, light-sensitive or temperature-sensitive devices; Processes of their manufacture
- H01G9/004—Details
- H01G9/008—Terminals
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G9/00—Electrolytic capacitors, rectifiers, detectors, switching devices, light-sensitive or temperature-sensitive devices; Processes of their manufacture
- H01G9/004—Details
- H01G9/04—Electrodes or formation of dielectric layers thereon
- H01G9/042—Electrodes or formation of dielectric layers thereon characterised by the material
- H01G9/0425—Electrodes or formation of dielectric layers thereon characterised by the material specially adapted for cathode
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G9/00—Electrolytic capacitors, rectifiers, detectors, switching devices, light-sensitive or temperature-sensitive devices; Processes of their manufacture
- H01G9/004—Details
- H01G9/04—Electrodes or formation of dielectric layers thereon
- H01G9/048—Electrodes or formation of dielectric layers thereon characterised by their structure
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G9/00—Electrolytic capacitors, rectifiers, detectors, switching devices, light-sensitive or temperature-sensitive devices; Processes of their manufacture
- H01G9/004—Details
- H01G9/08—Housing; Encapsulation
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G9/00—Electrolytic capacitors, rectifiers, detectors, switching devices, light-sensitive or temperature-sensitive devices; Processes of their manufacture
- H01G9/004—Details
- H01G9/08—Housing; Encapsulation
- H01G9/10—Sealing, e.g. of lead-in wires
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G9/00—Electrolytic capacitors, rectifiers, detectors, switching devices, light-sensitive or temperature-sensitive devices; Processes of their manufacture
- H01G9/15—Solid electrolytic capacitors
Definitions
- This disclosure relates to electrolytic capacitors.
- An electrolytic capacitor includes a capacitor element, an exterior body that seals the capacitor element, and external electrodes that are electrically connected to the anode side and the cathode side of the capacitor element, respectively.
- the capacitor element includes an anode body having a first portion (also referred to as an anode lead-out portion) including a first end and a second portion (also referred to as a cathode formation portion) including a second end, and at least a second portion of the anode body. and a cathode portion covering at least a portion of the dielectric layer.
- Patent Document 1 a first external electrode formed on a first end surface of a resin molding and electrically connected to the anode exposed from the first end surface is disclosed. a second external electrode formed on a second end face of the resin molded body and electrically connected to the cathode exposed from the second end face, and electrically connecting the external electrode to the end face of the resin molded body; is proposed.
- One aspect of the present disclosure includes a capacitor element including an anode portion and a cathode portion, an exterior body that seals the capacitor element, a first external electrode that is electrically connected to the anode portion, and an electrical contact between the cathode portion and the cathode portion.
- a capacitor element including an anode portion and a cathode portion, an exterior body that seals the capacitor element, a first external electrode that is electrically connected to the anode portion, and an electrical contact between the cathode portion and the cathode portion.
- at least one of the end surfaces of the anode portion and the cathode portion of the capacitor element is exposed from the exterior body, and the first external electrode or the second external electrode is provided.
- the end face exposed from the outer package is covered with an electroless Ni-plated layer, the electroless Ni-plated layer is covered with an electroless Ag-plated layer, and the electroless
- the present invention relates to an electrolytic capacitor in which an electrolytic Ag plating layer is covered with the first
- ESR is reduced and a highly reliable electrolytic capacitor can be realized.
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing an electrolytic capacitor according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing the structure of a capacitor element that constitutes an electrolytic capacitor
- FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an enlarged part of the structure of the electrolytic capacitor shown in FIG. 1
- FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an enlarged part of the structure of the electrolytic capacitor shown in FIG. 1
- FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing another example of the structure of the electrolytic capacitor according to the embodiment of the present disclosure
- the external electrode has an inner layer plating layer, a resin electrode layer, and an outer layer plating layer, and the exposed end faces of the anode and cathode are an inner layer plating layer consisting of an electroless Ni plating layer and an electrolytic Ag plating layer.
- the electrolytic Ag plating layer it is difficult to form the electrolytic Ag plating layer with a thin and uniform thickness, and the underlying Ni plating layer may be exposed or pinholes may occur.
- the thickness of the electrolytic Ag plating layer must be increased more than necessary, which increases the manufacturing cost.
- the present disclosure provides a highly reliable electrolytic capacitor with reduced ESR.
- An electrolytic capacitor according to an embodiment of the present disclosure includes a capacitor element including an anode portion and a cathode portion, an exterior body that seals the capacitor element, a first external electrode electrically connected to each of the anode portions, and a second external electrode electrically connected to each of the cathode sections.
- At least one of the end faces of the anode portion and the cathode portion of the capacitor element is exposed from the exterior body and electrically connected to the first external electrode or the second external electrode. That is, the end surface of the anode portion exposed from the outer package can be electrically connected to the first external electrode, and/or the end surface of the cathode portion exposed from the outer package can be electrically connected to the second external electrode. .
- the other of the anode part and the cathode part may be connected to a lead terminal such as a lead frame inside the outer package.
- the end face of the anode part and/or the cathode part exposed from the outer package is covered with an electroless Ni plating layer.
- the electroless Ni plating layer is covered with an electroless Ag plating layer.
- the electroless Ag plating layer is covered with a first external electrode or a second external electrode.
- the electroless Ni plating layer and the electroless Ag plating layer are contact layers for ensuring electrical connection between the end faces and the external electrodes. By interposing the contact layer, the reliability of the electrolytic capacitor can be improved.
- the amount of silver used tends to increase, which tends to increase the manufacturing cost.
- the electrolytic Ag-plated layer In order to suppress the exposure of the underlying Ni-plated layer and the occurrence of pinholes, the electrolytic Ag-plated layer must be formed thicker than necessary, which increases the amount of silver used.
- the thickness of the plating layer can be easily controlled, and a thin and uniform plating layer can be formed. Oxidation of the surface of the electrolytic Ni plating layer and formation of pinholes are suppressed. As a result, the ESR of the electrolytic capacitor is reduced, and an electrolytic capacitor with excellent reliability is obtained. In addition, the electroless Ag plating layer is difficult to deposit on the surface of the exterior body where the end face is exposed. In other words, even if an electroless Ni-plated layer is accidentally formed on the surface of the outer package, a large amount of electroless Ag-plated layer is formed on the end face of the anode portion or the cathode portion.
- the electroless Ag-plated layer can be selectively formed on the surface of the electroless Ni-plated layer rather than on the surface of the exterior body where the end face is exposed, so that the amount of silver used can be reduced. Furthermore, since the electroless Ag plating layer forms a denser film than the electrolytic Ag plating layer, the adhesion between the plating layer and the external electrode is improved, and the electrical characteristics and oxygen barrier properties of the electrolytic capacitor are improved. .
- Ni plating layer is an electrolytic Ni plating layer or an electroless Ni plating layer
- Ag plating layer is an electrolytic Ag plating layer or an electroless Ag plating layer depends on the plating contained in the plating layer. Identification is possible by analyzing components other than metals.
- the first external electrode and/or the second external electrode may include a conductive paste layer and a Ni/Sn plating layer covering the conductive paste layer.
- the Ni/Sn plating layer is a layer containing Ni and Sn, and includes, for example, two layers of a Ni plating layer and a Sn plating layer formed on the Ni plating layer.
- Ni in the Ni plating layer may diffuse to the Sn plating side
- Sn in the Sn plating layer may diffuse to the Ni plating layer side
- an alloy layer of Ni and Sn may be formed.
- at least the external electrode covering the electroless Ag plating layer should include the conductive paste layer and the Ni/Sn plating layer.
- the electroless Ni plating layer may contain phosphorus (P) and/or boron (B) elements resulting from reducing agents (sodium diphosphite, dimethylamine-borane, etc.) added to the plating bath.
- the phosphorus (P) element is, for example, 0.1% by mass or more and 10% by mass or less
- the boron (B) element is, for example, 0.1% by mass or more and 5% by mass or less. can be included in the layer.
- the inclusion of phosphorus (P) in the electroless Ni plating layer improves corrosion resistance and oxidation resistance.
- the electroless Ni plating layer may consist essentially of Ni only.
- the electroless Ni plating layer consists essentially of Ni means that the proportion of elements other than Ni in the electroless Ni plating layer is less than 0.1% by mass. In this case, although the plating takes time, a dense and highly corrosion-resistant plating layer can be obtained, and the effect of reducing ESR is large.
- the composition ratio of elements in each plating layer can be determined by, for example, an electron probe microanalyzer (EPMA).
- the thickness of the electroless Ni plating layer is preferably 0.1-10 ⁇ m.
- the thickness of the electroless Ni plating layer is 0.1 ⁇ m or more, a plating layer with a uniform thickness can be formed, and the end face of the cathode part or the anode part is not covered with the electroless Ni plating layer in a part of the region, and the end face is suppressed from being exposed.
- the thickness of the electroless Ni plating layer is 10 ⁇ m or less, it is possible to suppress a decrease in productivity due to an increase in the thickness of the plating layer.
- the thickness of the electroless Ag plating layer is preferably 0.1 to 1 ⁇ m.
- the thickness of the electroless Ag plating layer is 0.1 ⁇ m or more, a plating layer having a uniform thickness can be formed, and exposure of the underlying electroless Ni plating layer in some regions is suppressed.
- the thickness of the electroless Ag plating layer is 1 ⁇ m or less, it is possible to suppress the decrease in productivity due to the increase in the thickness of the Ag plating layer, and to suppress the increase in manufacturing cost due to the increase in the amount of Ag used.
- the thickness of the plating layer can be obtained by arbitrarily selecting 10 or more points on the end face based on the cross-sectional image of the end face and calculating the average thickness.
- An adhesion improving layer may be arranged between the electroless Ni plating layer and the electroless Ag plating layer.
- the adhesion improving layer is formed on the electroless Ni plating layer and can improve the adhesion of the electroless Ag plating layer.
- the adhesion improving layer can be formed by strike Ag plating, for example. Strike Ag plating can be formed by electroless plating or electrolytic plating. It is preferable to form the film by electroless plating because uniform film formation can be performed by controlling the chemical solution concentration and reaction conditions.
- the electrolytic capacitor may have an element laminate having a plurality of capacitor elements.
- at least one of the end faces of the anode portion and the cathode portion of the capacitor element is exposed from the outer package and connected to the first external electrode or the second external electrode via the electroless Ni plating layer and the electroless Ag plating layer. electrically connected. That is, when the exposed end face is the end face of the anode portion, the anode portion and the first external electrode can be electrically connected to each other via the electroless Ni plating layer and the electroless Ag plating layer at the end face.
- the cathode section and the second external electrode can be electrically connected to each other via the electroless Ni plating layer and the electroless Ag plating layer at the end surface.
- the plurality of capacitor elements may face in the same direction or may face in different directions.
- the anode parts and the cathode parts may be laminated so as to face in opposite directions alternately, or the anode parts and the cathode parts may be laminated so as to face in opposite directions in any order.
- only the end surface of the anode portion may be exposed from the exterior body and electrically connected to the first external electrode, and only the end surface of the cathode portion may be exposed from the exterior body and connected to the second external electrode. It may be electrically connected to the electrode, and both the end face of the anode portion and the end face of the cathode portion are exposed from the exterior body and electrically connected to the first external electrode or the second external electrode, respectively.
- the electroless Ni plating layer and the electroless Ag plating layer are formed so as to cover at least one of the exposed end face of the anode portion and the exposed end face of the cathode portion.
- Electrical connection between the end face of the anode portion and the first external electrode may be made via an electroless Ni plating layer and an electroless Ag plating layer, or the end face of the cathode portion and the second external electrode may be electrically connected. Electrical connection may be made via the electroless Ni plating layer and the electroless Ag plating layer, or electrical connection between the end surface of the anode portion and the first external electrode and between the end surface of the cathode portion and the second external electrode. Both electrical connections with the external electrodes may be made through the electroless Ni plating layer and the electroless Ag plating layer. Further, an adhesion improving layer may be arranged between the electroless Ni plating layer and the electroless Ag plating layer.
- the end surfaces of the anode portions of the plurality of capacitor elements are exposed from the package and electrically connected to the first external electrode
- the end surfaces of the anode portions are exposed on the first main surface of the package.
- You may have The end face of the anode part can be electrically connected to the first external electrode via the electroless Ni plating layer and the electroless Ag plating layer.
- the first external electrode may be arranged to cover the first main surface.
- an adhesion improving layer is arranged between the electroless Ni plating layer and the electroless Ag plating layer.
- the end surfaces of the anode portions of the plurality of capacitor elements are exposed from the outer package and electrically connected to the first external electrode
- the end surfaces of the anode portions of at least one first capacitor element is exposed on the first main surface of the package
- the end face of the anode part of at least one other second capacitor element is exposed on the second main surface opposite to the first main surface of the package.
- first external electrodes are provided, one of which is arranged to cover the first main surface and can be electrically connected to the first capacitor element, and the other of which is It may be arranged to cover the second main surface and electrically connected to the second capacitor element.
- an adhesion improving layer may be arranged between the electroless Ni plating layer and the electroless Ag plating layer.
- the cathode part may include a cathode foil.
- the end face of the cathode foil may be exposed from the exterior body and electrically connected to the second external electrode via the electroless Ni plating layer and the electroless Ag plating layer.
- the cathode foil should just be provided in at least one of several capacitor elements.
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing the structure of an electrolytic capacitor according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.
- 2 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of a capacitor element that constitutes the electrolytic capacitor of FIG. 1.
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing the structure of an electrolytic capacitor according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.
- 2 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of a capacitor element that constitutes the electrolytic capacitor of FIG. 1.
- the electrolytic capacitor according to the present disclosure is not limited to these.
- the electrolytic capacitor 100 includes a plurality of capacitor elements, an exterior body 14 that seals the capacitor elements, a first external electrode 21, and a second external electrode 22.
- a plurality of capacitor elements are stacked to form an element laminate.
- the capacitor element 10 includes an anode body 3 as an anode portion and a cathode portion 6 .
- the anode body 3 is, for example, foil (anode foil).
- Anode body 3 has porous portion 5 on its surface, and a dielectric layer (not shown) is formed on the surface of at least part of porous portion 5 .
- Cathode portion 6 covers at least a portion of the dielectric layer.
- Cathode section 6 includes solid electrolyte layer 7 , cathode extraction layer and cathode foil 20 .
- first portion 1 the portion of anode body 3 not covered with the cathode portion
- second portion 2 the portion of anode body 3 covered with the cathode portion
- the end of the first portion 1 is the first end 1a
- the end of the second portion 2 is the second end 2a.
- a dielectric layer is formed at least on the surface of the porous portion 5 formed in the second portion 2 .
- the first portion 1 of the anode body 3 is also called an anode lead-out portion.
- the second part 2 of the anode body 3 is also called a cathode forming part.
- the second portion 2 has a core portion 4 and a porous portion (porous body) 5 formed on the surface of the core portion 4 by roughening (such as etching).
- the first portion 1 may or may not have the porous portion 5 on its surface.
- a dielectric layer is formed along the surface of the porous portion 5 . At least part of the dielectric layer covers the inner wall surfaces of the pores of the porous portion 5 and is formed along the inner wall surfaces.
- the cathode section 6 includes a solid electrolyte layer 7 that covers at least part of the dielectric layer, and a cathode extraction layer that covers at least part of the solid electrolyte layer 7 .
- the surface of the dielectric layer has an uneven shape corresponding to the shape of the surface of anode body 3 .
- the solid electrolyte layer 7 can be formed so as to fill such unevenness of the dielectric layer.
- the cathode extraction layer includes, for example, a carbon layer 8 covering at least part of the solid electrolyte layer 7 and a silver paste layer 9 covering the carbon layer 8 .
- the cathode extraction layer may be only the carbon layer 8 covering at least part of the solid electrolyte layer 7 .
- a cathode foil 20 is interposed between the cathode lead layers of the capacitor elements 10 adjacent in the stacking direction of the element laminate.
- Cathode foil 20 constitutes a part of cathode portion 6 and is shared between capacitor elements 10 adjacent in the stacking direction of the element stack.
- a conductive adhesive layer may be interposed between cathode foil 20 and capacitor element 10 .
- a conductive adhesive is used for the adhesive layer.
- the adhesion layer contains, for example, silver.
- the adhesion layer contains carbon, for example.
- a first portion 1 is a portion of anode body 3 where solid electrolyte layer 7 is not formed via porous portion 5).
- An insulating separation layer (or insulating member) 12 may be formed so as to cover the surface of the anode body 3 in at least the part adjacent to the cathode part 6 in the region of the anode body 3 that does not face the cathode part 6 . This restricts contact between cathode portion 6 and the exposed portion (first portion 1 ) of anode body 3 .
- the separation layer 12 is, for example, an insulating resin layer.
- the exterior body 14 has a substantially rectangular parallelepiped outer shape, and the electrolytic capacitor 100 also has a substantially rectangular parallelepiped outer shape.
- the exterior body 14 has a first surface 14a and a second surface 14b opposite to the first surface 14a.
- the first end 1a of the capacitor element 10 is exposed on the first surface 14a.
- the end surface 20a of the cathode foil 20 is exposed from the exterior body on the second surface 14b.
- Each end surface of the cathode foil 20 exposed from the outer package 14 is electrically connected to a second external electrode 22 extending along the second surface 14b.
- each of a plurality of first ends 1a (first portions) exposed from package 14 is electrically connected to first external electrode 21 extending along first surface 14a. be.
- first external electrode 21 extending along first surface 14a.
- the end surfaces of the plurality of first end portions 1a exposed from the exterior body 14 and the plurality of end surfaces 20a of the cathode foil 20 exposed from the exterior body 14 are each covered with the contact layer 15 .
- the first end portion 1a is electrically connected to the first external electrode 21 via the contact layer 15 .
- Cathode foil 20 is electrically connected to second external electrode 22 via contact layer 15 .
- FIG. 3A and 3B are schematic cross-sectional views enlarging a part of the structure of the electrolytic capacitor 100.
- FIG. 3A is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the vicinity of the connecting portion between the first end portion 1a of the capacitor element 10 and the first external electrode 21 in FIG. 1
- FIG. 2 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the vicinity of the connecting portion of FIG.
- the contact layer 15 includes an electroless Ni plating layer 15A and an electroless Ag plating layer 15B.
- the electroless Ni plating layer 15A covers the end surface of the first end portion 1a, and the electroless Ag plating layer 15B covers the electroless Ni plating layer 15A.
- the electroless Ag plating layer 15B is covered with a first external electrode 21.
- the electroless Ni plating layer 15A covers the end surface of the cathode foil 20, and the electroless Ag plating layer 15B covers the electroless Ni plating layer 15A.
- the electroless Ag plating layer 15B is covered with a second external electrode 22.
- the thickness of the electroless Ag plating layer can be easily controlled and a uniform and thin plating layer can be formed. Therefore, it is possible to suppress oxidation due to exposure of the underlying electroless Ni plating layer and formation of pinholes in the Ag plating layer while reducing the amount of silver used. As a result, the ESR of the electrolytic capacitor is reduced, and a low-cost, highly reliable electrolytic capacitor can be obtained.
- an adhesion improving layer may be arranged between the electroless Ni plating layer and the electroless Ag plating layer.
- the first external electrode 21 includes a silver paste layer 21A and a Ni/Sn plating layer 21B.
- the silver paste layer 21A covers the contact layer 15 (electroless Ag-plated layer 15B) covering the end surface of the first end portion 1a and the first surface 14a of the exterior body 14 .
- the Ni/Sn plating layer 21B covers the silver paste layer 21A.
- the second external electrode 22 includes a silver paste layer 22A and a Ni/Sn plating layer 22B.
- the silver paste layer 22A covers the contact layer 15 covering the end surface of the cathode foil 20 and the second surface 14b of the outer package 14 .
- the Ni/Sn plating layer 22B covers the silver paste layer 22A.
- the end surface of the first end portion 1a is flush with the first surface 14a. 1 and 3B, the end surface 20a of the cathode foil 20 is flush with the second surface 14b.
- the end surface of the first end portion 1a and the end surface 20a of the cathode foil 20 do not necessarily have to be on the same plane as the main surface of the outer package 14, and the end surface of the first end portion 1a does not necessarily face the first surface 14a. It may be protruded or recessed. Similarly, the end surface 20a of the cathode foil 20 may protrude or be recessed with respect to the second surface 14b.
- the electroless Ni-plated layer 15A and the electroless Ag-plated layer 15B may cover the end surface of the separation layer 12 exposed from the first surface 14a.
- the porous layer 5 may extend to the first surface 14a.
- the electroless Ni plating layer 15A and the electroless Ag plating layer 15B may be formed so as to cover the porous layer 5 exposed from the first surface 14a.
- the element laminate is supported by the substrate 17.
- the substrate is, for example, an insulating substrate, and may be a metal substrate or a printed substrate having a wiring pattern provided that the first external electrode 21 and the second external electrode 22 can be electrically separated. good too.
- a cathode foil may be arranged between the cathode extraction layer located on the bottom surface of the element stack and the substrate 17 .
- the substrate 17 is, for example, a laminated substrate having conductive wiring patterns formed on its front and back surfaces, and the wiring patterns on the front surface and the wiring patterns on the back surface may be electrically connected by through holes.
- the wiring pattern on the front surface can be electrically connected to the cathode portion 6 of the capacitor element laminated in the bottom layer, and the wiring pattern on the back surface can be electrically connected to a third external electrode (not shown).
- the third external electrode is electrically connected to the cathode portion 6 of each capacitor element of the element stack through the substrate 17 .
- the substrate 17 is a metal plate, and may have a lead frame structure in which a metal plate processed into a predetermined shape is bent. A portion of the metal plate is exposed from the exterior body, and is electrically connected to the external terminal at the exposed portion.
- a portion of the first external electrode 21 is bent along the bottom surface of the exterior body 14 and exposed at the bottom surface of the electrolytic capacitor 100 .
- a portion of second external electrode 22 is bent along the bottom surface of package 14 so as to face the bent portion of first external electrode 21 and is exposed at the bottom surface of electrolytic capacitor 100 .
- the exposed portions on the bottom surfaces of the first external electrode 21 and the second external electrode 22 respectively constitute the anode terminal and the cathode terminal of the electrolytic capacitor.
- FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing another example of the structure of the electrolytic capacitor according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.
- the electrolytic capacitor 101 shown in FIG. 4 includes a plurality of capacitor elements, an exterior body 14 that seals the capacitor elements, first external electrodes 25 and 26 , and a second external electrode 22 .
- a plurality of capacitor elements are stacked to form an element laminate.
- the first external electrodes 25 and 26 are spaced apart, with the first external electrode 25 covering the first surface 14 a of the armor 14 and the first external electrode 26 covering the second surface of the armor 14 . 14b.
- the plurality of capacitor elements are composed of a first capacitor element 10a in which the first portion 1 of the anode body 3 faces the second portion 2 in one direction (the direction toward the first surface 14a of the package 14); a second capacitor element 10b in which the first portion 1 of the body 3 faces the second portion 2 in the direction opposite to the first capacitor element 10a (the direction toward the second surface 14b of the exterior body 14); have.
- First end 1 a of first capacitor element 10 a is exposed from the outer package on first surface 14 a and electrically connected to first external electrode 25 via contact layer 15 .
- a first end 1 a of second capacitor element 10 b is exposed from the outer package on second surface 14 b and electrically connected to first external electrode 26 via contact layer 15 .
- the end surface of the cathode foil 20 is electrically connected to the second external electrode 22 through the contact layer 15 .
- the contact layer 15 includes an electroless Ni-plated layer covering the end surface of the first end portion 1a or the end surface of the cathode foil 20 and an electroless Ni-plated layer covering the electroless Ni-plated layer (not shown). and an Ag plating layer.
- the electroless Ag plating layer can be formed thin and with a uniform thickness, reducing the amount of silver used while suppressing oxidation due to exposure of the underlying electroless Ni plating layer and the formation of pinholes in the Ag plating layer. can.
- the ESR of the electrolytic capacitor is reduced, and a low-cost, highly reliable electrolytic capacitor can be obtained.
- an adhesion improving layer may be arranged between the electroless Ni plating layer and the electroless Ag plating layer.
- the first external electrode 25 (26) comprises a silver paste layer 25A (26A) covering the contact layer 15 (electroless Ag plating layer) and a Ni/Sn layer covering the silver paste layer. and a plated layer 25B (26B).
- the second external electrode 22 includes a silver paste layer covering the contact layer 15 (electroless Ag plating layer) and a Ni/Sn plating layer covering the silver paste layer.
- the direction in which current flows in the element differs between the first capacitor element 10a and the second capacitor element 10b. Therefore, since the direction of the magnetic field generated by the current is different, the magnetic flux generated in the element stack is reduced. This makes it possible to reduce the ESL.
- the first surface and the second surface may be mutually opposing surfaces of the exterior body.
- the first capacitor elements 10a and the second capacitor elements 10b are alternately stacked in the element laminate.
- the lamination of the first capacitor element 10a and the second capacitor element 10b does not necessarily have to be an alternate lamination. and/or may have a portion where the second capacitor elements 10b are laminated adjacent to each other. It is preferable that the first capacitor element and the second capacitor element are alternately stacked, because the magnetic flux generated in the element stack is effectively reduced, and the ESL is effectively reduced.
- the electroless Ni plating layer, the electroless Ag plating layer, the adhesion improving layer (strike Ag plating layer), and the Ni/Sn plating layer can be formed by a known plating method. can.
- the anode body can contain a valve action metal, an alloy containing a valve action metal, a compound (such as an intermetallic compound) containing a valve action metal, and the like. These materials can be used singly or in combination of two or more. Aluminum, tantalum, niobium, titanium, etc. can be used as the valve metal.
- the anode body may be a foil of a valve-acting metal, an alloy containing a valve-acting metal, or a compound containing a valve-acting metal. It may be a sintered body.
- a porous portion is usually formed on the surface of at least the second portion of the anode foil in order to increase the surface area.
- the second portion has a core and a porous portion formed on the surface of the core.
- the porous portion may be formed by roughening the surface of at least the second portion of the anode foil by etching or the like. After arranging a predetermined masking member on the surface of the first portion, it is also possible to perform surface roughening treatment such as etching treatment. On the other hand, it is also possible to roughen the entire surface of the anode foil by etching or the like.
- an anode foil having no porous portion on the surface of the first portion and a porous portion on the surface of the second portion is obtained.
- a porous portion is formed on the surface of the first portion in addition to the surface of the second portion.
- the etching treatment a known method may be used, for example, electrolytic etching.
- the masking member is not particularly limited, but is preferably an insulator such as resin.
- the masking member, which must be removed before forming the solid electrolyte layer, may be a conductor containing a conductive material.
- the surface of the first portion When the entire surface of the anode foil is roughened, the surface of the first portion has a porous portion. For this reason, the adhesion between the porous portion and the exterior body is not sufficient, and air (specifically, oxygen and moisture) may enter the inside of the electrolytic capacitor through the contact portion between the porous portion and the exterior body. In order to suppress this, the porous first portion may be compressed in advance to crush the pores of the porous portion. As a result, it is possible to prevent air from entering the electrolytic capacitor from the first end portion exposed from the outer package through the porous portion and reduce the reliability of the electrolytic capacitor due to the air entering.
- air specifically, oxygen and moisture
- the dielectric layer is formed, for example, by anodizing the valve metal on the surface of at least the second portion of the anode body by chemical conversion treatment or the like.
- the dielectric layer contains an oxide of a valve metal.
- the dielectric layer contains aluminum oxide when aluminum is used as the valve metal.
- the dielectric layer is formed along at least the surface of the second portion where the porous portion is formed (including the inner wall surfaces of the pores of the porous portion). Note that the method for forming the dielectric layer is not limited to this, as long as an insulating layer that functions as a dielectric can be formed on the surface of the second portion.
- a dielectric layer may also be formed on the surface of the first portion (eg, on the porous portion of the surface of the first portion).
- the cathode section includes a solid electrolyte layer covering at least a portion of the dielectric layer, and a cathode extraction layer covering at least a portion of the solid electrolyte layer.
- the cathode section may include a cathode foil.
- the cathode foil is electrically connected to the cathode lead layer and electrically connected to the cathode terminal through the cathode foil, thereby facilitating electrical connection between the cathode lead layer and the cathode terminal.
- the solid electrolyte layer contains, for example, a conductive polymer.
- conductive polymers examples include polypyrrole, polythiophene, polyaniline, and derivatives thereof.
- the solid electrolyte layer can be formed, for example, by chemically and/or electrolytically polymerizing raw material monomers on the dielectric layer. Alternatively, it can be formed by applying a solution in which a conductive polymer is dissolved or a dispersion in which a conductive polymer is dispersed to the dielectric layer.
- the solid electrolyte layer may contain a manganese compound.
- the cathode extraction layer includes, for example, a carbon layer and a silver paste layer.
- the carbon layer only needs to be conductive, and can be made of a conductive carbon material such as graphite, for example.
- the carbon layer is formed, for example, by applying carbon paste to at least part of the surface of the solid electrolyte layer.
- a composition containing silver powder and a binder resin such as an epoxy resin
- the silver paste layer is formed, for example, by applying silver paste to the surface of the carbon layer.
- the configuration of the cathode extraction layer is not limited to this, and may be any configuration having a current collecting function.
- the cathode foil is, for example, a metal foil and can be a sintered, vapor-deposited or coated foil.
- the cathode foil may be a sintered foil, a vapor-deposited foil, or a coated foil obtained by coating the surface of a metal foil (eg, Al foil, Cu foil) with a conductive film by vapor deposition or coating.
- the vapor-deposited foil may be an Al foil having Ni vapor-deposited on its surface.
- Examples of conductive films include Ti, TiC, TiO, and C (carbon) films.
- the conductive film may be a carbon coating film.
- An insulating separation layer may be provided to electrically separate the first portion and the cathode portion.
- a separation layer may be provided adjacent to the cathode section so as to cover at least a portion of the surface of the first section.
- the separation layer is in close contact with the first portion and the exterior body. As a result, air can be prevented from entering the inside of the electrolytic capacitor.
- An isolation layer may be disposed over the first portion with a dielectric layer interposed therebetween.
- the separation layer contains, for example, a resin, and those exemplified for the exterior body described later can be used. Insulation may be imparted by compressing and densifying the dielectric layer formed on the porous portion of the first portion.
- the separation layer that adheres to the first portion can be obtained, for example, by attaching a sheet-like insulating member (resin tape, etc.) to the first portion.
- a sheet-like insulating member resin tape, etc.
- the porous portion of the first portion may be compressed and flattened before the insulating member is brought into close contact with the first portion.
- the sheet-like insulating member has an adhesive layer on the surface thereof to be attached to the first portion.
- the first portion may be coated with or impregnated with a liquid resin to form an insulating member that is in close contact with the first portion.
- the insulating member is formed so as to fill the irregularities on the surface of the porous portion of the first portion.
- the liquid resin can easily enter the recesses on the surface of the porous portion, and the insulating member can be easily formed in the recesses.
- a curable resin composition exemplified in the fourth step described later can be used as the liquid resin.
- the exterior body preferably contains, for example, a cured product of a curable resin composition, and may contain a thermoplastic resin or a composition containing the same.
- the exterior body can be formed using a molding technique such as injection molding, for example.
- the exterior body can be formed, for example, by filling a curable resin composition or a thermoplastic resin (composition) using a predetermined mold into predetermined locations so as to cover the capacitor element.
- the curable resin composition may contain fillers, curing agents, polymerization initiators, and/or catalysts in addition to curable resins.
- a thermosetting resin is exemplified as the curable resin. Curing agents, polymerization initiators, catalysts and the like are appropriately selected according to the type of curable resin.
- thermoplastic resin those exemplified in the fourth step described later can be used.
- the insulating member and the exterior body each contain a resin.
- the exterior body is more likely to adhere to the insulating member containing the resin than the first portion containing the valve metal and the dielectric layer containing the oxide of the valve metal.
- the separation layer and the exterior body contain the same resin as each other.
- the adhesion between the separation layer and the exterior body is further improved, thereby further suppressing the entry of air into the inside of the electrolytic capacitor.
- the same resin contained in the separation layer and the exterior body include epoxy resin.
- the exterior body preferably contains a filler.
- the separation layer preferably contains a filler with a smaller particle size than the outer casing, and more preferably does not contain a filler.
- the liquid resin preferably contains a filler having a smaller particle size than the outer casing, and more preferably does not contain a filler.
- the liquid resin is easily impregnated into the deep recesses on the surface of the porous portion of the first portion, and the separation layer is easily formed.
- the contact layer includes an electroless Ni plating layer and an electroless Ag plating layer, and can be formed to cover the end face of the first end of the anode body and/or the end face of the cathode foil.
- the contact layer does not cover the surface of the outer casing (and the separation layer) made of resin material as much as possible, and selectively covers only the surface of the first end exposed from the outer casing and the surface of the cathode foil. can be formed.
- an adhesion improving layer may be formed by strike Ag plating between the electroless Ni plating layer and the electroless Ag plating layer. By forming the adhesion improving layer, the adhesion of the electroless Ag plating layer can be improved.
- the first external electrode and/or the second external electrode preferably comprise a metal layer.
- the metal layer is, for example, a plated layer.
- the metal layer contains, for example, at least one selected from the group consisting of nickel (Ni), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), tin (Sn), silver (Ag), and gold (Au).
- film formation techniques such as electrolytic plating, electroless plating, sputtering, vacuum deposition, chemical vapor deposition (CVD), cold spraying, and thermal spraying may be used.
- the first external electrode and/or the second external electrode may include, for example, a laminated structure of a Ni layer and a tin layer. At least the outer surface of the first external electrode and/or the second external electrode may be made of metal with excellent wettability with solder. Examples of such metals include Sn, Au, Ag, Pd, and the like.
- the first external electrode and/or the second external electrode preferably include a laminate structure of a conductive paste layer and a plating layer.
- the plating layer may be a Ni/Sn plating layer in terms of excellent wettability with solder.
- the conductive paste layer covers the main surface of the exterior body and is formed so as to be electrically connected to the first ends of the (plurality) capacitor elements and/or the cathode foil via the contact layer.
- the conductive paste layer includes a conductive resin layer mixed with conductive particles.
- the conductive resin layer can be formed by applying a conductive paste containing conductive particles and a resin material to the main surface of the exterior body and drying it.
- the resin material is suitable for bonding with the exterior body and the contact layer, and can increase the bonding strength by chemical bonding (for example, hydrogen bonding).
- the conductive particles for example, metal particles such as silver and copper, and particles of a conductive inorganic material such as carbon can be used.
- the conductive paste layer may cover a portion of the surface (for example, the top surface or the bottom surface) that intersects with the main surface of the exterior body where the first end of the capacitor element and/or the cathode foil are exposed.
- An electrolytic capacitor includes, for example, a first step of preparing an anode body, a second step of obtaining a plurality of capacitor elements, and a third step of obtaining an element laminate in which a plurality of capacitor elements are laminated. a fourth step of covering the element stack with an outer package; a fifth step of forming an end surface of the first portion and exposing it from the outer package; and electrically connecting the end surface of the first portion to the first external electrode. and a sixth step of causing The manufacturing method may further include a step of arranging a separation layer (insulating member) on a part of the anode body (separation layer arranging step).
- an anode body having a dielectric layer formed on its surface is prepared. More specifically, it comprises a first portion including one end and a second portion including the other end opposite to the one end, and a dielectric layer is formed on at least the surface of the second portion.
- An anode body is prepared.
- the first step includes, for example, forming a porous portion on the surface of the anode body and forming a dielectric layer on the surface of the porous portion. More specifically, the anode body used in the first step includes a first portion including the end portion to be removed (the one end portion) and a second portion including the second end portion (the other end portion). and A porous portion is preferably formed on at least the surface of the second portion.
- the porous portion on the surface of the anode body it is sufficient to form unevenness on the surface of the anode body.
- the surface of the anode foil is roughened by etching (eg, electrolytic etching). good too.
- the dielectric layer can be formed by chemically converting the anode body.
- the surface of the anode body is impregnated with the chemical conversion liquid by immersing the anode body in the chemical conversion liquid, and a voltage is applied between the anode body used as the anode and the cathode immersed in the chemical conversion liquid. It can be done by When the surface of the anode body has a porous portion, the dielectric layer is formed along the irregularities on the surface of the porous portion.
- the step of disposing the separation layer (insulation member) may be performed after the first step and before the second step.
- an insulating member is arranged on a part of the anode body. More specifically, in this step, an insulating member is placed over the first portion of the anode body with a dielectric layer interposed therebetween. The insulating member is arranged so as to separate the first portion from the cathode portion formed in a later step.
- a sheet-like insulating member (resin tape, etc.) may be attached to a portion of the anode body (for example, the first portion). Even when an anode body having a porous portion formed on the surface thereof is used, the insulating member can be firmly adhered to the first portion by compressing and flattening the unevenness of the surface of the first portion. It is preferable that the sheet-shaped insulating member has an adhesive layer on the surface to be attached to the first portion.
- the insulating member may be formed by coating or impregnating a portion of the anode body (for example, the first portion) with a liquid resin in the separation layer placement step.
- a liquid resin may be applied or impregnated and then cured.
- the insulating member can be easily formed in close contact with the first portion.
- a curable resin composition exemplified in the fourth step formation of the exterior body
- a resin solution obtained by dissolving a resin in a solvent, or the like can be used as the liquid resin.
- a porous portion is formed on the surface of the anode body
- the insulating member can be easily formed so as to fill the irregularities on the surface of the porous portion of the first portion.
- the liquid resin can easily enter the recesses on the surface of the porous portion, and the insulating member can be easily formed in the recesses.
- the porous portion on the surface of the anode body is protected by the insulating member, so that collapse of the porous portion of the anode body is suppressed when the anode body is partially removed together with the exterior body in the fourth step. . Since the surface of the porous portion of the anode body and the insulating member are in close contact with each other, when the anode body is partially removed together with the exterior body in the fourth step, the insulating member does not touch the surface of the porous portion of the anode body. Peeling from is suppressed.
- a cathode portion is formed on the anode body to obtain a capacitor element.
- the cathode portion is formed in the portion of the anode body where the insulating member is not arranged in the second step to obtain the capacitor element. More specifically, in the second step, at least part of the dielectric layer formed on the surface of the second portion of the anode body is covered with the cathode portion.
- the step of forming the cathode portion includes, for example, the step of forming a solid electrolyte that covers at least a portion of the dielectric, and the step of forming a cathode extraction layer that covers at least a portion of the solid electrolyte layer.
- the solid electrolyte layer can be formed, for example, by chemically and/or electrolytically polymerizing raw material monomers on the dielectric layer.
- the solid electrolyte layer may be formed by applying a treatment liquid containing a conductive polymer and then drying it.
- the treatment liquid may further contain other components such as dopants.
- a polymerization solution containing pyrrole (monomer of conjugated polymer), naphthalenesulfonic acid (dopant), and water is prepared. Electropolymerization is performed using the resulting polymerization solution.
- the cathode extraction layer can be formed, for example, by sequentially laminating a carbon layer and a silver paste layer on the solid electrolyte layer.
- a plurality of capacitor elements are laminated to obtain an element laminate.
- An element laminate may be obtained by sandwiching a cathode foil between capacitor elements.
- the orientations of the first portions of the plurality of capacitor elements may be the same or different.
- An element laminate may be obtained by alternately stacking the cathode portions of a plurality of capacitor elements via a conductive adhesive so that the first portions of adjacent capacitor elements face opposite sides.
- the substrate may be an insulating substrate, a metal substrate, or a laminated substrate having wiring patterns formed on the front and back surfaces.
- a third external electrode may be formed in advance on the side of the laminated substrate opposite to the side on which the element laminate is mounted. By placing, the third external electrode is connected to the capacitor element constituting the element laminate via the wiring pattern formed on the multilayer substrate and the through hole connecting the wiring pattern on the front surface and the wiring pattern on the back surface. It can be electrically connected to the cathode section.
- a plate-shaped external lead terminal bent into a predetermined shape is attached to the surface of the cathode portion exposed in the lowermost layer or the uppermost layer of the element laminate via a conductive paste or the like, An electrical connection may be made between the element laminate and the lead terminal.
- the element laminate is covered with an outer package.
- the third external electrode is not entirely covered with the exterior body, and at least part of the third external electrode is exposed.
- the exterior body can be formed using injection molding or the like.
- the exterior body can be formed, for example, by filling a predetermined portion with a curable resin composition or a thermoplastic resin (composition) using a predetermined mold so as to cover the element laminate.
- the curable resin composition may contain fillers, curing agents, polymerization initiators, and/or catalysts in addition to curable resins.
- Curable resins include epoxy resins, phenolic resins, urea resins, polyimides, polyamideimides, polyurethanes, diallyl phthalates, unsaturated polyesters, and the like.
- thermoplastic resins include polyphenylene sulfide (PPS) and polybutylene terephthalate (PBT).
- a thermoplastic resin composition containing a thermoplastic resin and a filler may be used.
- the filler for example, insulating particles and/or fibers are preferable.
- the insulating material that constitutes the filler include insulating compounds (oxides, etc.) such as silica and alumina, glass, mineral materials (talc, mica, clay, etc.), and the like.
- the exterior body may contain one type of these fillers or may contain two or more types in combination.
- an end surface of the first portion is formed and exposed from the exterior body. More specifically, on the end side of the element stack, at least the anode body is partially removed together with the exterior body, and at least the first end of the anode body (specifically, the end face of the first end) is removed. is exposed from the exterior body.
- the first end portion is exposed from the exterior body.
- the surface of the exterior body is polished so that the first end portion is exposed from the exterior body.
- part of the first portion may be cut off together with part of the exterior body.
- the first end portion which does not include the porous portion and has a surface on which the natural oxide film is not formed, can be easily exposed from the exterior body, and the first end portion can be easily exposed between the first portion and the external electrode.
- a connection state with low resistance and high reliability can be obtained.
- Dicing is preferable as a method for cutting the outer package. As a result, the exposed end surface of the first end of the first portion appears on the cut surface. At least one of the cut surfaces becomes the first surface. If the element laminate has two types of capacitor elements with the first portions facing in different directions, it is necessary to cut at two points when part of the first portion and part of the exterior body are separated. One of the two cut surfaces is the first surface and the other is the second surface.
- the cathode foil is partially removed together with the outer packaging to expose the end of the cathode foil from the outer packaging.
- a method for exposing the end portion of the cathode foil from the exterior body the same method as that for exposing the first end portion of the anode body from the exterior body can be used. It is preferable that the surface of the end portion of the cathode foil exposed from the package is different from the surface of the package on which the first end of the anode body is exposed.
- the anode body and the insulating member may be partially removed together with the outer package on the end side of the element stack to expose the end surface of the first end and the end surface of the insulating member from the outer package.
- the anode body and the insulating member are each formed with flush end faces exposed from the exterior body. Thereby, the end face of the anode body and the end face of the insulating member which are flush with the surface of the package can be easily exposed from the package.
- the end surface of the anode body (first end) on which the native oxide film is not formed (and the end surface of the cathode foil) can be easily exposed from the outer package, and the anode body (more specifically, , a highly reliable connection state with low resistance can be obtained between the first portion) and the external electrode.
- the end face of the anode body (first end) exposed from the outer body is electrically connected to the first external electrode.
- a first external electrode is formed so as to cover the exposed surface of the first end of the exterior body, and the first external electrode is electrically connected to the end surface of the first end.
- the first external electrode covers the first face and the first external electrode covers the second face. can be formed at a distance.
- the element laminate includes a cathode foil
- the end surface of the cathode foil exposed from the outer package is electrically connected to the second external electrode.
- a second external electrode is formed so as to cover the exposed surface of the cathode foil of the outer package, and the second external electrode is electrically connected to the end surface of the cathode foil.
- the first external electrode and/or the second external electrode include, for example, a conductive paste layer and a Ni/Sn plating layer covering the conductive paste layer.
- a step of forming a contact layer on the surface that is the end face of the first end and/or the end face of the cathode foil is performed prior to forming the first and second external electrodes.
- the step of forming the first and second external electrodes includes forming a conductive paste layer so as to cover the main surface of the exterior body where the end surface of the first end portion and/or the end surface of the cathode foil are exposed. It's okay.
- the conductive paste layer may be formed so as to cover the main surface of the contact layer and the exterior body.
- the contact layer is preferably formed by plating.
- the contact layer preferably includes two layers, an electroless Ni-plated layer and an electroless Ag-plated layer covering the electroless Ni-plated layer.
- a uniform and thin electroless Ag plating layer can be formed, and while reducing the amount of silver used, oxidation due to exposure of the underlying electroless Ni plating layer and formation of pinholes in the Ag plating layer can be suppressed.
- the ESR of the electrolytic capacitor is reduced, and a low-cost, highly reliable electrolytic capacitor can be obtained.
- a known method may be used for specific plating methods such as the components of the plating bath used for electroless Ni plating and electroless Ag plating.
- the electroless Ni-plated layer and the electroless Ag-plated layer are formed so as to selectively cover the end face of the first end portion and/or the end face of the cathode foil, and not cover the exposed portion of the resin of the exterior body as much as possible.
- zincate treatment may be performed before electroless Ni plating.
- the electroless Ag plating layer can be selectively formed on the surface of the electrolytic Ni plating layer.
- an adhesion improving layer may be formed by strike Ag plating between the electroless Ni plating layer and the electroless Ag plating layer. By forming the adhesion improving layer, the adhesion of the electroless Ag plating layer can be improved.
- the conductive paste layer covers the end surface of the first end portion and/or the end surface of the cathode foil (the contact layer when forming the contact layer), and the end surface of the first end portion and/or the end surface of the cathode foil is exposed.
- it can be formed so as to cover the end face of the separation layer (insulating member).
- the conductive paste layer can be formed by applying a conductive paste containing conductive particles and a resin material. Specifically, a conductive paste (for example, silver paste) is applied to each end face by a dipping method, a transfer method, a printing method, a dispensing method, or the like, and then cured at a high temperature to form a conductive paste layer. do.
- a conductive paste for example, silver paste
- a capacitor element having a carbon layer formed as a cathode lead layer and a cathode foil were laminated via a conductive adhesive to obtain an element laminate.
- the element laminate was covered with an outer package, and the manufacturing method up to the fifth step was performed to obtain an electrolytic capacitor X0 for evaluation.
- the end face of the anode body and the end face of the cathode foil exposed from the exterior body of the electrolytic capacitor X0 were connected to a resistance measuring device, and the resistance value at 100 kHz was evaluated as the ESR value.
- the ESR of the electrolytic capacitor X0 was 0.18 m ⁇ .
- electrolytic capacitor X1A a contact layer consisting of an electroless Ni—P plating layer (thickness of 5 ⁇ m) and an electroless Ag plating layer (thickness of 0.3 ⁇ m) was formed on the end surface of the anode body and the end surface of the cathode foil of the electrolytic capacitor X0. of electrolytic capacitor X1A was obtained.
- the electroless Ni—P plated layer means an electroless Ni plated layer containing phosphorus (P).
- the contact layer of the electrolytic capacitor X1A was connected to a resistance measuring device, and ESR was similarly measured. The ESR of the electrolytic capacitor X1A was 0.21 m ⁇ .
- the contact layer of the electrolytic capacitor X1A was covered with a silver paste layer to form a first external electrode and a second external electrode to obtain an electrolytic capacitor X2A for evaluation.
- a first external electrode and a second external electrode of the electrolytic capacitor X2A were connected to a resistance measuring device, and ESR was similarly measured.
- the ESR of the electrolytic capacitor X2A was 1.21 m ⁇ , and a sufficiently low ESR was obtained.
- an electroless Ni—P plated layer (thickness 5 ⁇ m), an adhesion improving layer formed by electroless strike Ag plating, and an electroless Ag plated layer (thickness 0.5 ⁇ m) were formed on the end face of the anode body and the end face of the cathode foil of the electrolytic capacitor X0. 3 ⁇ m) was formed to obtain an electrolytic capacitor X1B for evaluation.
- the contact layer of the electrolytic capacitor X1B was connected to a resistance measuring device, and the ESR was similarly measured.
- the ESR of the electrolytic capacitor X1B was 0.21 m ⁇ .
- the contact layer of the electrolytic capacitor X1B was covered with a silver paste layer to form a first external electrode and a second external electrode to obtain an evaluation electrolytic capacitor X2B.
- a first external electrode and a second external electrode of the electrolytic capacitor X2B were connected to a resistance measuring device, and ESR was similarly measured.
- the ESR of the electrolytic capacitor X2B was 1.21 m ⁇ , and a sufficiently low ESR was obtained.
- the product ESR variation ( ⁇ ) of the evaluation electrolytic capacitor X2A is 2.570, and the product ESR variation ( ⁇ ) of the evaluation electrolytic capacitor X2B is 1.813. Therefore, it was confirmed that the variation ( ⁇ ) of the product ESR can be suppressed.
- electrolytic capacitor X1C a contact layer consisting of an electroless Ni—B plating layer (thickness of 5 ⁇ m) and an electroless Ag plating layer (thickness of 0.3 ⁇ m) was formed on the end surface of the anode body and the end surface of the cathode foil of the electrolytic capacitor X0. of electrolytic capacitor X1C was obtained.
- the electroless Ni—B plated layer means an electroless Ni plated layer containing boron (B).
- the contact layer of the electrolytic capacitor X1C was connected to a resistance measuring device, and the ESR was similarly measured. The ESR of the electrolytic capacitor X1C was 0.19 m ⁇ .
- the contact layer of the electrolytic capacitor X1C was covered with a silver paste layer to form a first external electrode and a second external electrode to obtain an evaluation electrolytic capacitor X2C.
- a first external electrode and a second external electrode of the electrolytic capacitor X2C were connected to a resistance measuring device, and ESR was similarly measured.
- the ESR of the electrolytic capacitor X2C was 1.22 m ⁇ , and a sufficiently low ESR was obtained.
- a contact layer consisting of an electroless Ni plating layer (thickness 5 ⁇ m) and an electrolytic Ag plating layer (thickness 1 ⁇ m) was formed on the end face of the anode body and the end face of the cathode foil of the electrolytic capacitor X0, and the evaluation electrolytic capacitor Y1 (comparative example) was obtained.
- the contact layer of the electrolytic capacitor Y1 was connected to a resistance measuring device, and the ESR was similarly measured.
- the ESR of electrolytic capacitor Y1 was 0.28 m ⁇ , an increase compared to electrolytic capacitors X1A, X1B and X1C.
- a contact layer of the electrolytic capacitor Y1 was covered with a silver paste layer to form a first external electrode and a second external electrode to obtain an electrolytic capacitor Y2 (comparative example) for evaluation.
- a first external electrode and a second external electrode of the electrolytic capacitor Y2 were connected to a resistance measuring device, and ESR was similarly measured.
- the ESR of electrolytic capacitor Y2 was 1.95 m ⁇ , significantly increased compared to electrolytic capacitors X2A, X2B and X2C.
- the electrolytic capacitor according to the present disclosure has high capacity and can be used for various applications that require low ESR.
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Abstract
Description
上記課題を鑑み、本開示は、ESRが低減され、信頼性の高い電解コンデンサを提供する。
本開示の一実施形態に係る電解コンデンサは、陽極部および陰極部を備えるコンデンサ素子と、コンデンサ素子を封止する外装体と、陽極部のそれぞれと電気的に接続する第1の外部電極と、陰極部のそれぞれと電気的に接続する第2の外部電極と、を備える。
陽極体は、弁作用金属、弁作用金属を含む合金、および弁作用金属を含む化合物(金属間化合物など)などを含むことができる。これらの材料は一種を単独でまたは二種以上を組み合わせて使用できる。弁作用金属としては、アルミニウム、タンタル、ニオブ、チタンなどを用いることができる。陽極体は、弁作用金属、弁作用金属を含む合金、または弁作用金属を含む化合物の箔であってもよく、弁作用金属、弁作用金属を含む合金、または弁作用金属を含む化合物の多孔質焼結体であってもよい。
誘電体層は、例えば、陽極体の少なくとも第2部分の表面の弁作用金属を、化成処理などにより陽極酸化することで形成される。誘電体層は弁作用金属の酸化物を含む。例えば、弁作用金属としてアルミニウムを用いた場合の誘電体層は酸化アルミニウムを含む。誘電体層は、少なくとも多孔質部が形成されている第2部分の表面(多孔質部の孔の内壁面を含む)に沿って形成される。なお、誘電体層の形成方法はこれに限定されず、第2部分の表面に、誘電体として機能する絶縁性の層を形成できればよい。誘電体層は、第1部分の表面(例えば、第1部分の表面の多孔質部上)にも形成されてもよい。
陰極部は、誘電体層の少なくとも一部を覆う固体電解質層と、固体電解質層の少なくとも一部を覆う陰極引出層とを備える。陰極部は、陰極箔を含んでもよい。陰極箔は、陰極引出層と電気的に接続し、陰極端子との電気的接続を陰極箔を介して行うことで、陰極引出層と陰極端子との電気的接続を容易にする。
固体電解質層は、例えば、導電性高分子を含む。導電性高分子としては、例えば、ポリピロール、ポリチオフェン、ポリアニリンおよびこれらの誘導体などを用いることができる。固体電解質層は、例えば、原料モノマーを誘電体層上で化学重合および/または電解重合することにより、形成することができる。あるいは、導電性高分子が溶解した溶液、または、導電性高分子が分散した分散液を、誘電体層に塗布することにより、形成することができる。固体電解質層は、マンガン化合物を含んでもよい。
陰極引出層は、例えば、カーボン層および銀ペースト層を備える。カーボン層は、導電性を有していればよく、例えば、黒鉛などの導電性炭素材料を用いて構成することができる。カーボン層は、例えば、カーボンペーストを固体電解質層の表面の少なくとも一部に塗布して形成される。銀ペースト層には、例えば、銀粉末とバインダ樹脂(エポキシ樹脂など)とを含む組成物を用いることができる。銀ペースト層は、例えば、銀ペーストをカーボン層の表面に塗布して形成される。なお、陰極引出層の構成は、これに限られず、集電機能を有する構成であればよい。
陰極箔は、例えば、金属箔であり、焼結箔、蒸着箔または塗工箔であり得る。陰極箔は、金属箔(例えば、Al箔、Cu箔)の表面を蒸着あるいは塗工により導電膜で被覆した焼結箔、蒸着箔または塗工箔であってもよい。蒸着箔は、表面にNiが蒸着されたAl箔であってもよい。導電膜としては、Ti、TiC、TiO、C(カーボン)膜などが挙げられる。導電膜は、カーボン塗膜であってもよい。
第1部分と陰極部を電気的に分離するため、絶縁性の分離層を設けてもよい。分離層は、第1部分の表面の少なくとも一部を覆うように、陰極部に近接して設けられ得る。分離層は、第1部分および外装体と密着していることが好ましい。これにより、上記の電解コンデンサ内部への空気の侵入を抑制できる。分離層は、第1部分の上に誘電体層を介して配置されてもよい。
外装体は、例えば、硬化性樹脂組成物の硬化物を含むことが好ましく、熱可塑性樹脂もしくはそれを含む組成物を含んでもよい。
コンタクト層は、無電解Niめっき層および無電解Agめっき層を含み、陽極体の第1端部の端面および/または陰極箔の端面を覆うように形成され得る。好ましくは、コンタクト層は、樹脂材料である外装体(および、分離層)の表面を極力覆わず、外装体から露出した第1端部の表面および陰極箔の表面のみを覆うように選択的に形成され得る。無電解めっき層の密着性を高めるとともに、外装体から露出した第1端部の表面および陰極箔の表面に選択的に無電解Niめっき層および無電解Agめっき層が形成され易くするために、無電解Niめっき層の形成前にジンケート処理を行うことが好ましい。また、無電解Niめっき層と無電解Agめっき層との間には、ストライクAgメッキにより密着性向上層が形成されていてもよい。密着性向上層が形成されることにより、無電解Agめっき層の密着性を向上させることができる。
第1の外部電極および/または第2の外部電極は、金属層を含むことが好ましい。金属層は、例えば、めっき層である。金属層は、例えば、ニッケル(Ni)、銅(Cu)、亜鉛(Zn)、錫(Sn)、銀(Ag)、および金(Au)よりなる群から選択される少なくとも1種を含む。金属層の形成には、例えば、電解めっき法、無電解めっき法、スパッタリング法、真空蒸着法、化学蒸着(CVD)法、コールドスプレー法、溶射法などの成膜技術を用いてもよい。
導電性ペースト層は、外装体の主面を覆うとともに、コンタクト層を介して、(複数の)コンデンサ素子の第1端部および/または陰極箔と電気的に接続するように形成される。
本開示の一実施形態に係る電解コンデンサは、例えば、陽極体を準備する第1工程と、複数のコンデンサ素子を得る第2工程と、複数のコンデンサ素子を積層した素子積層体を得る第3工程と、素子積層体を外装体で覆う第4工程と、第1部分の端面を形成して外装体から露出させる第5工程と、第1部分の端面を第1の外部電極と電気的に接続させる第6工程と、を含む製造方法により製造され得る。製造方法は、さらに、陽極体の一部に分離層(絶縁部材)を配置する工程(分離層配置工程)を含んでもよい。
第1工程では、表面に誘電体層が形成された陽極体を準備する。より具体的には、一方の端部を含む第1部分と一方の端部とは反対側の他方の端部を含む第2部分とを備え、少なくとも第2部分の表面に誘電体層が形成された陽極体が準備される。第1工程は、例えば、陽極体の表面に多孔質部を形成する工程と、多孔質部の表面に誘電体層を形成する工程とを含む。より具体的には、第1工程で用いられる陽極体は、除去予定端部(上記一方の端部)を含む第1部分と、第2端部(上記他方の端部)を含む第2部分とを有する。少なくとも第2部分の表面には、多孔質部を形成することが好ましい。
分離層(絶縁部材)を備える電解コンデンサを製造する場合、分離層(絶縁部材)を配置する工程を、第1工程の後、第2工程の前に行ってもよい。この工程では、陽極体の一部に絶縁部材を配置する。より具体的には、この工程では、陽極体の第1部分の上に誘電体層を介して絶縁部材を配置する。絶縁部材は、絶縁部材は、第1部分と後工程で形成される陰極部とを隔離するように配置される。
第2工程では、陽極体上に陰極部を形成してコンデンサ素子を得る。第1工程で絶縁部材を設ける場合には、第2工程で、陽極体の絶縁部材が配置されていない部分に陰極部を形成し、コンデンサ素子を得る。より具体的には、第2工程では、陽極体の第2部分の表面に形成された誘電体層の少なくとも一部を陰極部で覆う。
第3工程では、複数のコンデンサ素子を積層し、素子積層体を得る。コンデンサ素子の間に陰極箔を挟み、素子積層体を得てもよい。素子積層体において、複数のコンデンサ素子の第1部分の向きは同じであってもよく、異なっていてもよい。隣接するコンデンサ素子間で第1部分が反対側を向くように、交互に複数のコンデンサ素子の陰極部同士を導電性接着材を介して重ね合わせ、素子積層体を得てもよい。
第4工程では、素子積層体を外装体で覆う。第3の外部電極を設ける場合、第3の外部電極の全部が外装体で覆われず、第3の外部電極の少なくとも一部が露出するようにする。外装体は射出成形などを用いて形成することができる。外装体は、例えば、所定の金型を用いて、硬化性樹脂組成物または熱可塑性樹脂(組成物)を、素子積層体を覆うように所定の箇所に充填して形成することができる。
第5工程では、第4工程の後、第1部分の端面を形成して、外装体から露出させる。より具体的には、素子積層体の端部側において、少なくとも陽極体を外装体とともに部分的に除去して、少なくとも陽極体の第1端部(具体的には、第1端部の端面)を外装体から露出させる。第1端部を外装体から露出させる方法としては、例えば、コンデンサ素子を外装体で覆った後、外装体から第1端部が露出するように、外装体の表面を研磨したり、外装体の一部を切り離したりする方法が挙げられる。また、第1部分の一部を外装体の一部とともに切り離してもよい。この場合、多孔質部を含まず、かつ、自然酸化皮膜が形成されていない表面を有する第1端部を、外装体より容易に露出させることができ、第1部分と外部電極との間において抵抗が小さく信頼性の高い接続状態が得られる。外装体の切断方法としては、ダイシングが好ましい。これにより、切断面には第1部分の第1端部の露出端面が現れる。切断面の少なくとも1つが第1の面となる。なお、素子積層体において第1部分の向きが異なる2種類のコンデンサ素子を有する場合には、第1部分の一部を外装体の一部とともに切り離すに際して、2箇所で切断する必要がある。2つの切断面の一方が第1の面となり、他方が第2の面となる。
第6工程では、外装体から露出する陽極体(第1端部)の端面を、第1の外部電極と電気的に接続させる。この工程では、例えば、第1の外部電極を、外装体の第1端部の露出面を覆うように形成して、第1の外部電極を第1端部の端面と電気的に接続させる。例えば、陽極体(第1端部)の端面が第1の面および第2の面において露出する場合、第1の面を覆う第1の外部電極と第2の面を覆う第1の外部電極が、離間して形成され得る。また、素子積層体が陰極箔を含む場合、外装体から露出する陰極箔の端面を、第2の外部電極と電気的に接続させる。例えば、第2の外部電極を、外装体の陰極箔の露出面を覆うように形成して、第2の外部電極を陰極箔の端面と電気的に接続させる。第1の外部電極および/または第2の外部電極は、例えば、導電性ペースト層と、導電性ペースト層を覆うNi/Snめっき層を含む。
コンタクト層は、めっきにより形成することが好ましい。コンタクト層は、無電解Niめっき層と、無電解Niめっき層を覆う無電解Agめっき層の2層を含むことが好ましい。これにより、均一で薄い無電解Agめっき層を形成でき、銀使用量を低減しながら、下地である無電解Niめっき層の露出による酸化およびAgめっき層のピンホール形成を抑制できる。結果、電解コンデンサのESRが低減されるとともに、低コストで、信頼性に優れた電解コンデンサが得られる。無電解Niめっきおよび無電解Agめっきに用いるめっき浴の成分等、めっきの具体的方法については、公知の方法を用いればよい。
導電性ペースト層は、第1端部の端面および/または陰極箔の端面(コンタクト層を形成する場合、コンタクト層)を覆い、第1端部の端面および/または陰極箔の端面が露出する外装体の露出面、および、分離層を設ける場合、分離層(絶縁部材)の端面を覆うように形成され得る。
1a 第1端部
2 第2部分(陰極形成部)
2a 第2端部
3 陽極体
4 芯部
5 多孔質部
6 陰極部
7 固体電解質層
8 カーボン層
9 銀ペースト層
10 コンデンサ素子
10a 第1のコンデンサ素子
10b 第2のコンデンサ素子
11 電解コンデンサ
12 分離層(絶縁部材)
14 外装体
14a 外装体の第1の面
14b 外装体の第2の面
15 コンタクト層
16 陽極電極層
17 基板
20 陰極箔
20a 端面
21、25、26 第1の外部電極
21A、25A、26A 銀ペースト層
21B、25B、26B Ni/Snめっき層
22 第2の外部電極
22A 銀ペースト層
22B Ni/Snめっき層
100、101 電解コンデンサ
Claims (12)
- 陽極部および陰極部を備えるコンデンサ素子と、
前記コンデンサ素子を封止する外装体と、
前記陽極部と電気的に接続する第1の外部電極と、
前記陰極部と電気的に接続する第2の外部電極と、を備え、
前記コンデンサ素子の前記陽極部および前記陰極部の端面の少なくともいずれか一方が前記外装体から露出し、前記第1の外部電極または前記第2の外部電極と電気的に接続しており、
前記外装体から露出する前記端面が、無電解Niめっき層で覆われ、
前記無電解Niめっき層が、無電解Agめっき層で覆われ、
前記無電解Agめっき層が、前記第1の外部電極または前記第2の外部電極で覆われている、電解コンデンサ。 - 前記第1の外部電極または前記第2の外部電極は、導電性ペースト層と、前記導電性ペースト層を覆うNi/Snめっき層を含む、請求項1に記載の電解コンデンサ。
- 前記無電解Agめっき層は、前記端面が露出する前記外装体の表面よりも前記無電解Niめっき層の表面に選択的に形成されている、請求項1または2に記載の電解コンデンサ。
- 前記無電解Niめっき層と前記無電解Agめっき層との間には、密着性向上層が配置されている、請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載の電解コンデンサ。
- 前記無電解Niめっき層は、リン(P)およびホウ素(B)元素の少なくともいずれかを含有する、請求項1~4のいずれか1項に記載の電解コンデンサ。
- 前記無電解Niめっき層は、実質的にNiのみからなる、請求項1~4のいずれか1項に記載の電解コンデンサ。
- 前記無電解Niめっき層の厚みは、0.1~10μmである、請求項1~6のいずれか1項に記載の電解コンデンサ。
- 前記無電解Agめっき層の厚みは、0.1~1μmである、請求項1~7のいずれか1項に記載の電解コンデンサ。
- 前記コンデンサ素子を複数備えた素子積層体を有し、
前記素子積層体における複数の前記コンデンサ素子の前記陽極部および前記陰極部の端面の少なくとも1つが前記外装体から露出し、前記無電解Niめっき層および前記無電解Agめっき層を介して、前記第1の外部電極または前記第2の外部電極と電気的に接続している、請求項1~8のいずれか1項に記載の電解コンデンサ。 - 前記複数のコンデンサ素子の前記陽極部の前記端面が前記外装体の第1の主面において露出し、前記無電解Niめっき層および前記無電解Agめっき層を介して、前記第1の外部電極と電気的に接続している、請求項9に記載の電解コンデンサ。
- 前記複数のコンデンサ素子において、少なくとも1つの第1のコンデンサ素子の前記陽極部の前記端面が前記外装体の第1の主面において露出し、前記無電解Niめっき層および前記無電解Agめっき層を介して、前記第1の外部電極と電気的に接続し、
他の少なくとも1つの第2のコンデンサ素子の前記陽極部の前記端面が前記外装体の前記第1の主面と反対側の第2の主面において露出し、前記無電解Niめっき層および前記無電解Agめっき層を介して、前記第1の外部電極と電気的に接続している、請求項9に記載の電解コンデンサ。 - 前記陰極部は、陰極箔を含み、
前記陰極箔の端面が前記外装体から露出して、前記無電解Niめっき層および前記無電解Agめっき層を介して、前記第2の外部電極と電気的に接続している、請求項1~11のいずれか1項に記載の電解コンデンサ。
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