WO2022163036A1 - 脱硫装置 - Google Patents
脱硫装置 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2022163036A1 WO2022163036A1 PCT/JP2021/038698 JP2021038698W WO2022163036A1 WO 2022163036 A1 WO2022163036 A1 WO 2022163036A1 JP 2021038698 W JP2021038698 W JP 2021038698W WO 2022163036 A1 WO2022163036 A1 WO 2022163036A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- desulfurizing agent
- hydrocarbon fuel
- desulfurization
- desulfurizer
- temperature
- Prior art date
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- 230000003009 desulfurizing effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 93
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 133
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 99
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 93
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims abstract description 93
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 93
- JJWKPURADFRFRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonyl sulfide Chemical compound O=C=S JJWKPURADFRFRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 76
- 150000003464 sulfur compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- JPVYNHNXODAKFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cu2+ Chemical compound [Cu+2] JPVYNHNXODAKFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910001431 copper ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000013110 organic ligand Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000012621 metal-organic framework Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 168
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 claims description 168
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 21
- RAOIDOHSFRTOEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrothiophene Chemical compound C1CCSC1 RAOIDOHSFRTOEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 8
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 8
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical group C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000004817 gas chromatography Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 4
- QMMFVYPAHWMCMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethyl sulfide Chemical compound CSC QMMFVYPAHWMCMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003915 liquefied petroleum gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 2
- QMKYBPDZANOJGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC(C(O)=O)=CC(C(O)=O)=C1 QMKYBPDZANOJGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000013148 Cu-BTC MOF Substances 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000005626 carbonium group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003205 fragrance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- WMXCDAVJEZZYLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butylthiol Chemical compound CC(C)(C)S WMXCDAVJEZZYLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/22—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising organic material
- B01J20/223—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising organic material containing metals, e.g. organo-metallic compounds, coordination complexes
- B01J20/226—Coordination polymers, e.g. metal-organic frameworks [MOF], zeolitic imidazolate frameworks [ZIF]
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
- B01D53/04—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
- B01D53/0407—Constructional details of adsorbing systems
- B01D53/0423—Beds in columns
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2253/00—Adsorbents used in seperation treatment of gases and vapours
- B01D2253/10—Inorganic adsorbents
- B01D2253/112—Metals or metal compounds not provided for in B01D2253/104 or B01D2253/106
- B01D2253/1124—Metal oxides
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2253/00—Adsorbents used in seperation treatment of gases and vapours
- B01D2253/20—Organic adsorbents
- B01D2253/204—Metal organic frameworks (MOF's)
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2256/00—Main component in the product gas stream after treatment
- B01D2256/24—Hydrocarbons
- B01D2256/245—Methane
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
- B01D2257/30—Sulfur compounds
- B01D2257/306—Organic sulfur compounds, e.g. mercaptans
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
- B01D2257/30—Sulfur compounds
- B01D2257/308—Carbonoxysulfide COS
Definitions
- the present disclosure relates to a desulfurization device that removes sulfur compounds from hydrocarbon fuel.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a configuration for removing sulfur compounds from a hydrocarbon fuel containing sulfur compounds using a metal-organic framework having copper ions and organic ligands.
- Patent Document 2 includes a first desulfurizing agent that removes sulfur compounds contained in hydrocarbon fuel, and a second desulfurizing agent that is disposed downstream of the first desulfurizing agent and removes carbonium sulfide contained in hydrocarbon fuel.
- a desulfurization apparatus is disclosed.
- the present disclosure suppresses the deterioration of the adsorption performance of the first desulfurizing agent due to water deterioration at high temperatures, suppresses the deterioration of the carbonyl sulfide adsorption performance of the second desulfurizing agent, and suppresses the amount of desulfurizing agent and the size of the device.
- a desulfurization device includes a flow path through which a hydrocarbon fuel containing a sulfur compound flows, a first desulfurization agent provided in the flow path, and a flow direction of the hydrocarbon fuel downstream of the first desulfurization agent.
- a second desulfurizing agent provided in the flow path, a cooling section, and a heater are provided.
- the first desulfurizing agent is composed of a metal-organic framework having copper ions and organic ligands, and is configured to remove at least part of the sulfur compounds contained in the hydrocarbon fuel.
- the second desulfurizing agent is configured to remove carbonyl sulfide among the sulfur compounds contained in the hydrocarbon fuel.
- the cooling unit is configured to cool the temperature of the first desulfurizing agent to a temperature higher than the dew point of the hydrocarbon fuel and lower than the temperature at which deterioration of the first desulfurizing agent is suppressed.
- the heater is configured to raise the temperature of the second desulfurizing agent to a temperature at which the second desulfurizing agent can remove carbonyl sulfide contained in the hydrocarbon fuel.
- the desulfurization apparatus suppresses deterioration of the adsorption performance of the first desulfurizing agent due to deterioration of the first desulfurizing agent with water at high temperatures, suppresses deterioration of the carbonyl sulfide adsorption performance of the second desulfurizing agent, The size of the desulfurization equipment can be suppressed.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a desulfurization apparatus according to Embodiment 1.
- FIG. FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a desulfurization apparatus according to Embodiment 2.
- FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a desulfurization apparatus according to Embodiment 3.
- FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a desulfurization apparatus according to Embodiment 4.
- a first desulfurizing agent for removing tetrahydrothiophene (hereinafter referred to as THT), which is part of the sulfur compound contained in the hydrocarbon fuel, and a first desulfurizing agent arranged downstream of the first desulfurizing agent and contained in the hydrocarbon fuel
- THT tetrahydrothiophene
- a desulfurization apparatus includes a second desulfurization agent that removes carbonyl sulfide. This desulfurization device can effectively remove carbonyl sulfide among the sulfur compounds contained in the fuel gas with the second desulfurization agent.
- the metal organic framework having copper ions and organic ligands can be destroyed by the moisture. Therefore, when a metal-organic framework having copper ions and organic ligands is used as the first desulfurization agent, there is a problem that the adsorption performance of the first desulfurization agent for sulfur compounds is lowered.
- the second desulfurizing agent that removes carbonyl sulfide has a problem that the adsorption performance of carbonyl sulfide decreases when the temperature drops.
- the present disclosure suppresses the deterioration of the adsorption performance of the first desulfurizing agent due to water deterioration at high temperatures, suppresses the deterioration of the carbonyl sulfide adsorption performance of the second desulfurizing agent, and controls the amount of the desulfurizing agent and the size of the device.
- Embodiment 1 A desulfurization apparatus 21 according to Embodiment 1, which is an example of a desulfurization apparatus according to the present disclosure, will be described below with reference to FIG.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a desulfurization device 21 according to Embodiment 1. As shown in FIG. In FIG. 1, arrows indicate flow paths through which hydrocarbon fuels containing sulfur compounds flow. This also applies to FIGS. 2 to 4, which will be described later.
- the desulfurization device 21 includes a first desulfurizer 1 , a second desulfurizer 2 , a heater 3 , a cooler 4 and a controller 41 . Further, the desulfurization device 21 is configured to desulfurize the hydrocarbon fuel supplied to the desulfurization device 21 from the outside by the first desulfurizer 1 and the second desulfurizer 2, and then supply it to the fuel utilization device 31. ing.
- the first desulfurizer 1 is provided in the middle of the flow path through which the hydrocarbon fuel containing sulfur compounds flows.
- the hydrocarbon fuel in Embodiment 1 is city gas whose main component is methane, and contains THT and carbonyl sulfide as sulfur compounds. Also, the hydrocarbon fuel contains 1% by volume of water vapor.
- the first desulfurizer 1 is filled with a first desulfurizing agent that mainly removes THT among sulfur compounds contained in hydrocarbon fuel.
- HKUST-1 manufactured by BASF
- BASF a metal organic structure composed of copper ions and benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxylic acid
- the second desulfurizer 2 is filled with a second desulfurizing agent that removes carbonyl sulfide among the sulfur compounds contained in the hydrocarbon fuel.
- the second desulfurizer 2 is provided in the flow path downstream of the first desulfurizer 1 in the flow direction of the hydrocarbon fuel, as shown in FIG.
- Embodiment 1 a metal oxide containing nickel and copper that removes carbonyl sulfide is used as an example of the second desulfurization agent in the present disclosure.
- the heater 3 is a heater that heats the second desulfurizer 2 so that the temperature of the second desulfurizing agent is higher than the temperature at which the second desulfurizing agent can remove carbonyl sulfide contained in the hydrocarbon fuel.
- the cooler 4 is a cooling fan that cools the first desulfurizer 1 so that the temperature of the first desulfurizing agent is above the dew point of the hydrocarbon fuel and below the temperature at which deterioration of the first desulfurizing agent is suppressed.
- the controller 41 controls the operation of the desulfurization device 21.
- the controller 41 includes a signal input/output unit (not shown), an arithmetic processing unit (not shown), and a storage unit (not shown) that stores control programs. That is, controller 41 has a computer system with a processor and memory.
- the computer system functions as the controller 41 by the processor executing the control program stored in the memory.
- the control program executed by the processor is recorded in advance in the memory of the computer system here, it may be recorded in a non-temporary recording medium such as a memory card and provided, or may be provided by telecommunication such as the Internet. may be provided over the line.
- the desulfurization device 21 is covered with an exterior (not shown).
- controller 41 controlling the entire desulfurization apparatus 21 including the heater 3 and the cooler 4.
- hydrocarbon fuel is supplied to the first desulfurizer 1 .
- the conditions for the hydrocarbon fuel in Embodiment 1 are a flow rate of 3 NL/min, a temperature of 25° C., a water vapor concentration of 1% by volume, and sulfur compound concentrations of THT of 10 ppm and carbonyl sulfide of 0.1 ppm.
- the first desulfurizer 1 mainly removes THT among the sulfur compounds contained in the hydrocarbon fuel.
- the hydrocarbon fuel after passing through the first desulfurizer 1 is supplied to the second desulfurizer 2 .
- the second desulfurizer 2 removes carbonyl sulfide that has not been removed by the first desulfurizer 1 .
- the temperature of the second desulfurizer 2 is controlled by the heater 3 so as to be 60°C, for example.
- the temperature of the first desulfurizer 1 is controlled by the cooler 4 so as to be 25°C, for example.
- the hydrocarbon fuel After passing through the second desulfurizer 2, the hydrocarbon fuel is supplied to the fuel utilization device 31 with a sulfur compound concentration of 1 ppb or less.
- Example 1 like the desulfurizer 21 in Embodiment 1, the temperature of the first desulfurizer 1 is set to 25° C. and the temperature of the second desulfurizer 2 is set to 60° C., and gas chromatography is performed. The hydrocarbon fuel downstream of the second desulfurizer 2 was periodically measured. In Example 1, an increase in the concentrations of THT and carbonyl sulfide was detected from the downstream after 1000 hours from the start of the test.
- Comparative Example 1 when the hydrocarbon fuel downstream of the second desulfurizer 2 was periodically measured by gas chromatography, an increase in the concentration of THT was detected downstream 500 hours after the start of the test. That is, in Comparative Example 1 in which the temperature of the first desulfurizer 1 is higher (60° C.) than the temperature (25° C.) in Example 1, the first desulfurizing agent is used in a relatively short time (500 h). A decrease in adsorption performance due to deterioration in water at high temperatures was observed.
- Comparative Example 2 when the hydrocarbon fuel downstream of the second desulfurizer 2 was periodically measured by gas chromatography, an increase in concentration of carbonyl sulfide was detected downstream 100 hours after the start of the test. That is, in Comparative Example 2, in which the temperature of the second desulfurizer 2 is lower (25°C) than the temperature (60°C) in Example 1, the second desulfurizing agent is used in a relatively short time (100 hours). A decrease in adsorption performance for carbonyl sulfide was observed.
- the first desulfurizer 1 when the first desulfurizing agent after the test was taken out and the BET surface area was measured, the first desulfurizer 1 was operated at a temperature of 25°C (Comparative Example 2) and at 60°C. (Comparative Example 1) were 90% and 50% of the initial values, respectively.
- the desulfurization device 21 includes a flow path through which a hydrocarbon fuel containing a sulfur compound flows, a first desulfurization agent, a second desulfurization agent, the cooler 4, a heating and a vessel 3.
- the first desulfurizing agent is filled in the first desulfurizer 1 provided in the flow path, is composed of a metal organic structure having copper ions and organic ligands, and contains at least part of the sulfur compounds contained in the hydrocarbon fuel. is configured to remove
- the second desulfurizing agent is provided in a flow path downstream of the first desulfurizing agent filled in the first desulfurizer 1 in the flow direction of the hydrocarbon fuel, and removes carbonyl sulfide among the sulfur compounds contained in the hydrocarbon fuel. configured to remove.
- the cooler 4 is an example of a cooling unit in the present disclosure, and is configured to cool the temperature of the first desulfurizing agent to a temperature above the dew point of the hydrocarbon fuel and below a temperature at which deterioration of the first desulfurizing agent is suppressed.
- the heater 3 is configured to raise the temperature of the second desulfurizing agent to a temperature at which the second desulfurizing agent can remove carbonyl sulfide contained in the hydrocarbon fuel.
- the desulfurization device 21 can suppress deterioration of the adsorption performance of the first desulfurizing agent due to deterioration of the first desulfurizing agent in water at high temperatures, and can suppress deterioration of the carbonyl sulfide adsorption performance of the second desulfurizing agent. Therefore, the desulfurization device 21 can reduce the amount of desulfurization agent and the size of the desulfurization device 21 .
- FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the desulfurization device 22 according to Embodiment 2.
- the desulfurization apparatus 22 in Embodiment 2 is provided with a fourth desulfurizer 6 in parallel with the third desulfurizer 5 instead of the first desulfurizer 1. It differs from device 21 .
- the desulfurization device 22 includes a first on-off valve 7 and a second on-off valve 8 upstream and downstream of the third desulfurizer 5, respectively, and a third on-off valve 9 and a second on-off valve 9 upstream and downstream of the fourth desulfurizer 6, respectively. It is different from the desulfurization device 21 in that it includes four on-off valves 10 . Further, the desulfurization device 22 is different from the desulfurization device 21 in that the controller 42 is provided instead of the controller 41 .
- the desulfurization device 22 differs from the desulfurization device 21 in that it is connected to the hydrogen generation device 32 instead of the fuel utilization equipment 31 of the first embodiment.
- the desulfurization device 22 desulfurizes the hydrocarbon fuel supplied to the desulfurization device 22 from the outside by either the third desulfurizer 5 or the fourth desulfurizer 6 and the second desulfurizer 2, and then desulfurizes the hydrogen generator. 32. That is, the desulfurization device 22 includes a first on-off valve 7, a second on-off valve 8, a second A third on-off valve 9 and a fourth on-off valve 10 (hereinafter also referred to as each on-off valve) are provided.
- the third desulfurizer 5 and the fourth desulfurizer 6 are filled with the same first desulfurizing agent as the first desulfurizer 1 of Embodiment 1 in half the amount of the first desulfurizer 1 . That is, the total amount of the first desulfurization agent used in the desulfurization device 22 in the second embodiment is the same as the amount of the first desulfurization agent used in the desulfurization device 21 in the first embodiment.
- controller 42 controlling the entire desulfurization device 22 including the heater 3, the cooler 4, and the on-off valves.
- the first on-off valve 7 and the second on-off valve 8 are open, the third on-off valve 9 and the fourth on-off valve 10 are closed, and the hydrocarbon fuel undergoes the third desulfurization. supplied to vessel 5.
- the hydrocarbon fuel conditions in Embodiment 2 are a flow rate of 3 NL/min, a temperature of 25° C., a water vapor concentration of 1% by volume, and a sulfur compound concentration of THT of 10 ppm, carbonyl sulfide is 0.1 ppm.
- the time of 550 hours is the time during which the concentration of THT increases downstream of the third desulfurizer 5, which was obtained in advance by test.
- the temperature of the second desulfurizer 2 is controlled by the heater 3 so as to be 60° C., for example.
- the temperatures of the third desulfurizer 5 and the fourth desulfurizer 6 are controlled by the cooler 4 so as to be 25°C, for example.
- Example 2 like the desulfurizer 22 in Embodiment 2, the temperature of the third desulfurizer 5 and the fourth desulfurizer 6 is set to 25° C., and the temperature of the second desulfurizer 2 is set to 60° C.
- the hydrocarbon fuel downstream of the second desulfurizer 2 was periodically measured by gas chromatography.
- Example 2 an increase in the concentration of THT and carbonyl sulfide was detected from the downstream at 1100 hours after the start of the test. That is, in Example 2, without changing the amount of the first desulfurizing agent used, the elapsed time from the start of the test until the concentration increase of THT and carbonyl sulfide from the downstream is detected is made longer than in Example 1. was made.
- Example 2 compared with Example 1, it was confirmed that the deterioration of the adsorption performance of the first desulfurizing agent due to water deterioration at high temperature was suppressed and the deterioration of the carbonyl sulfide adsorption performance of the second desulfurizing agent was suppressed. was taken.
- the desulfurization device 22 includes a flow path through which a hydrocarbon fuel containing a sulfur compound flows, a first desulfurization agent, a second desulfurization agent, the cooler 4, and a heater. and a vessel 3.
- the first desulfurizing agent is filled in each of the third desulfurizer 5 and the fourth desulfurizer 6 provided in parallel with each other in the flow path, is composed of a metal organic structure having copper ions and organic ligands, and is composed of a hydrocarbon It is configured to remove at least a portion of the sulfur compounds contained in the fuel.
- the second desulfurizing agent is provided in a flow path downstream of the first desulfurizing agent filled in the third desulfurizer 5 and the fourth desulfurizer 6 in the flow direction of the hydrocarbon fuel, and removes sulfur contained in the hydrocarbon fuel. It is configured to remove carbonyl sulfide from the compound.
- the cooler 4 is an example of a cooling unit in the present disclosure, is provided individually for each of the third desulfurizer 5 and the fourth desulfurizer 6, and adjusts the temperature of the first desulfurizing agent to the dew point or higher of the hydrocarbon fuel and the It is configured to cool below the temperature at which deterioration of the desulfurizing agent is suppressed.
- the heater 3 is configured to raise the temperature of the second desulfurizing agent to a temperature at which the second desulfurizing agent can remove carbonyl sulfide contained in the hydrocarbon fuel.
- the desulfurization device 22 can suppress deterioration in the adsorption performance of the first desulfurization agent due to deterioration of the first desulfurization agent in water at high temperatures, and can suppress deterioration in the adsorption performance of the second desulfurization agent for carbonyl sulfide. Therefore, the desulfurization device 22 can reduce the amount of desulfurization agent and the size of the desulfurization device 22 .
- the desulfurization device 22 includes a first on-off valve 7, which is an example of a switching valve in the present disclosure for allowing hydrocarbon fuel to flow through at least one of the third desulfurizer 5 and the fourth desulfurizer 6, A second on-off valve 8 , a third on-off valve 9 and a fourth on-off valve 10 are provided.
- the first on-off valve 7, the second on-off valve 8, the third on-off valve 9, and the fourth on-off valve 10 supply hydrocarbon fuel to at least one of the third desulfurizer 5 and the fourth desulfurizer 6. During this period, no hydrocarbon fuel is allowed to flow through any other desulfurizer except the at least one desulfurizer.
- the desulfurization device 22 includes the first on-off valve 7 upstream of the third desulfurizer 5 in the branch flow path corresponding to the third desulfurizer 5, and the A second on-off valve 8 is provided downstream of the third desulfurizer 5 .
- the desulfurization device 22 includes a third on-off valve 9 upstream of the fourth desulfurizer 6 in the branch flow path corresponding to the fourth desulfurizer 6, and a fourth desulfurization valve 9 in the branch flow path corresponding to the fourth desulfurizer 6.
- a fourth on-off valve 10 is provided downstream of each vessel 6 .
- the first on-off valve 7, the second on-off valve 8, the third on-off valve 9 and the The four on-off valves 10 open and close.
- the first on-off valve 7 and the second on-off valve 8 are open.
- the third on-off valve 9 and the fourth on-off valve 10 are closed, and the hydrocarbon fuel is not allowed to flow through the fourth desulfurizer 6 .
- the third on-off valve 9 and the fourth on-off valve 10 are open.
- the first on-off valve 7 and the second on-off valve 8 are closed, and no hydrocarbon fuel is allowed to flow through the third desulfurizer 5 .
- the desulfurization device 22 can suppress the deterioration of the adsorption performance due to the deterioration of the first desulfurization agent due to the high temperature of the first desulfurization agent filled in the desulfurizer in which the hydrocarbon fuel is not circulated. It becomes unnecessary to mount an extra first desulfurizing agent. Therefore, the desulfurization device 22 can reduce the amount of desulfurization agent and the size of the desulfurization device 22 .
- Embodiment 3 which is an example of the desulfurization apparatus according to the present disclosure, will be described with a focus on the differences from the desulfurization apparatus 21 according to Embodiment 1, with reference to FIG.
- FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the desulfurization device 23 according to Embodiment 3. As shown in FIG. In addition, below, the vertical direction in a state where the desulfurization device 23 is installed in a usable state (corresponding to the installation state in the present disclosure) may be described as an up-down direction.
- the desulfurization apparatus 23 according to Embodiment 3 differs from the desulfurization apparatus 21 according to Embodiment 1 in that it includes an intake fan 11, an exhaust port 12, and an intake port 13 instead of the cooler 4.
- the desulfurization device 23 has the first desulfurizer 1 installed below the second desulfurizer 2 in the vertical direction (vertical direction) in the installation state of the desulfurization device 23, and instead of the controller 41, It differs from the desulfurization apparatus 21 in that a controller 43 is provided.
- the desulfurization device 23 differs from the desulfurization device 21 in that it is connected to the hydrogen generator 32 instead of the fuel utilization device 31 of the first embodiment.
- the desulfurization device 23 is configured to desulfurize the hydrocarbon fuel supplied to the desulfurization device 23 from the outside by the first desulfurizer 1 and the second desulfurizer 2, and then supply it to the hydrogen generator 32. .
- the temperature inside the desulfurization device 23 is higher than the outside air due to the heat inside. Assume that the temperature is 60°C.
- the exterior is provided with an intake port 13 for taking in outside air and an exhaust port 12 for discharging the air inside the exterior (the air in the desulfurization device 23) to the outside of the exterior (outside the desulfurization device 23).
- the intake fan 11 is a fan that is provided at the intake port 13 and operates to take in outside air from the intake port 13 .
- the intake fan 11 is configured to cool the first desulfurizing agent to a temperature (eg, 25° C.) that is higher than the dew point of the hydrocarbon fuel and lower than the temperature at which deterioration of the first desulfurizing agent is suppressed.
- the intake fan 11 (intake port 13) is located below the first desulfurizer 1 in the up-down direction (vertical direction) when the desulfurization device 23 is installed. Further, the exhaust port 12 is located above the second desulfurizer 2 in the up-down direction (vertical direction) when the desulfurization device 23 is installed. As described above, the first desulfurizer 1 is installed below the second desulfurizer 2 in the up-down direction (vertical direction) when the desulfurization device 23 is installed. That is, the outside air taken into the exterior of the desulfurization device 23 by the intake fan 11 cools the first desulfurizer 1 and is then discharged out of the exterior of the desulfurization device 23 through the exhaust port 12. An intake fan 11 (intake port 13), an exhaust port 12 and a first desulfurizer 1 are arranged.
- controller 43 controlling the entire desulfurization device 23 including the intake fan 11.
- the temperature of the first desulfurizer 1 is controlled by the intake fan 11 so as to be 25°C, for example.
- the desulfurization device 23 includes a flow path through which a hydrocarbon fuel containing a sulfur compound flows, a first desulfurization agent, a second desulfurization agent, and a cooling unit according to the present disclosure.
- An intake port 13, an intake fan 11, an exhaust port 12, and a heater 3 are provided.
- the first desulfurizing agent is filled in the first desulfurizer 1 provided in the flow path, is composed of a metal organic structure having copper ions and organic ligands, and contains at least part of the sulfur compounds contained in the hydrocarbon fuel. is configured to remove
- the second desulfurization agent is filled in the second desulfurizer 2 provided in the flow path downstream of the first desulfurizer 1 in the flow direction of the hydrocarbon fuel, and removes carbonyl sulfide among the sulfur compounds contained in the hydrocarbon fuel. configured to remove.
- the intake fan 11 is configured to cool the temperature of the first desulfurizing agent to a temperature higher than the dew point of the hydrocarbon fuel and lower than the temperature at which deterioration of the first desulfurizing agent is suppressed.
- the heater 3 is configured to raise the temperature of the second desulfurizing agent to a temperature at which the second desulfurizing agent can remove carbonyl sulfide contained in the hydrocarbon fuel.
- the desulfurization device 23 can suppress the deterioration of the adsorption performance of the first desulfurizing agent due to the deterioration of the first desulfurizing agent with water at high temperatures, and can suppress the deterioration of the carbonyl sulfide adsorption performance of the second desulfurizing agent. Therefore, the desulfurization device 23 can reduce the amount of desulfurization agent and the size of the desulfurization device 23 .
- the desulfurization device 23 has an exterior so as to be isolated from the outside air, and has an intake port 13, an exhaust port 12, and an intake fan 11 as a cooling unit.
- An intake port 13 is provided on the exterior to take in outside air.
- the exhaust port 12 is provided in the exterior for discharging the air inside the exterior to the outside of the exterior.
- the intake fan 11 is provided at the intake port 13 and operates to take in outside air from the intake port 13 .
- the first desulfurization agent filled in the first desulfurizer 1 is lower than the second desulfurization agent filled in the second desulfurizer 2 in the vertical direction when the desulfurization device 23 is installed.
- the intake port 13 (intake fan 11 ) is positioned vertically below the first desulfurizing agent filled in the first desulfurizer 1 when the desulfurization device 23 is installed.
- the desulfurization device 23 can cool the first desulfurization agent relatively efficiently with a relatively simple configuration, and can suppress a decrease in the temperature of the second desulfurization agent. Therefore, the desulfurization device 23 with reduced size can be provided at a relatively low cost.
- Embodiment 4 which is an example of the desulfurization apparatus according to the present disclosure, will be described with a focus on the differences from the desulfurization apparatus 23 according to Embodiment 3, with reference to FIG.
- FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the desulfurization device 24 according to Embodiment 4. As shown in FIG. As shown in the figure, in the desulfurization device 24 in Embodiment 4, the first desulfurizer 1 is arranged closer to the exterior than the second desulfurizer 2, and the control instead of the controller 43 It differs from the desulfurization apparatus 23 in Embodiment 3 shown in FIG.
- controller 44 controlling the entire desulfurization device 24 including the intake fan 11.
- the temperature of the first desulfurizer 1 is controlled by the intake fan 11 so as to be 25°C.
- the desulfurization device 24 includes a flow path through which a hydrocarbon fuel containing a sulfur compound flows, a first desulfurization agent, a second desulfurization agent, and a cooling unit according to the present disclosure.
- An intake port 13, an intake fan 11, an exhaust port 12, and a heater 3 are provided.
- the first desulfurizing agent is filled in the first desulfurizer 1 provided in the flow path, is composed of a metal organic structure having copper ions and organic ligands, and contains at least part of the sulfur compounds contained in the hydrocarbon fuel. is configured to remove
- the second desulfurization agent is filled in the second desulfurizer 2 provided in the flow path downstream of the first desulfurizer 1 in the flow direction of the hydrocarbon fuel, and removes carbonyl sulfide among the sulfur compounds contained in the hydrocarbon fuel. configured to remove.
- the intake fan 11 is configured to cool the temperature of the first desulfurizing agent to a temperature higher than the dew point of the hydrocarbon fuel and lower than the temperature at which deterioration of the first desulfurizing agent is suppressed.
- the heater 3 is configured to raise the temperature of the second desulfurizing agent to a temperature at which the second desulfurizing agent can remove carbonyl sulfide contained in the hydrocarbon fuel.
- the desulfurization device 24 can suppress the deterioration of the adsorption performance of the first desulfurizing agent due to water deterioration at high temperature, and can suppress the deterioration of the carbonyl sulfide adsorption performance of the second desulfurization agent. Therefore, the desulfurization device 24 can reduce the amount of desulfurization agent and the size of the desulfurization device 21 .
- the desulfurization device 24 has an exterior so as to be isolated from the outside air, and has an intake port 13, an exhaust port 12, and an intake fan 11 as a cooling unit.
- An intake port 13 is provided on the exterior to take in outside air.
- the exhaust port 12 is provided in the exterior for discharging the air inside the exterior to the outside of the exterior.
- the intake fan 11 is provided at the intake port 13 and operates to take in outside air from the intake port 13 .
- the first desulfurization agent filled in the first desulfurizer 1 is arranged closer to the exterior than the second desulfurization agent filled in the second desulfurizer 2.
- the desulfurization device 24 can cool the first desulfurization agent relatively efficiently with a relatively simple configuration, and can suppress a decrease in the temperature of the second desulfurization agent. Therefore, a smaller desulfurization device 24 can be provided at a relatively low cost.
- Embodiments 1 to 4 have been described as examples of the technology of the present disclosure.
- the technology in the present disclosure is not limited to this, and can also be applied to embodiments with modifications, replacements, additions, omissions, and the like.
- Embodiments 1 to 4 town gas containing methane as a main component is exemplified as the hydrocarbon fuel in the present disclosure, but LPG (Liquefied Petroleum Gas) or natural gas may also be used.
- LPG Liquefied Petroleum Gas
- natural gas may also be used.
- THT is exemplified as a sulfur compound in the present disclosure
- dimethyl sulfide and tertiary butyl mercaptan which are used as an odorant for city gas, may also be used.
- two desulfurizers, the third desulfurizer 5 and the fourth desulfurizer 6, are illustrated as the plurality of desulfurizers in the present disclosure that are installed in parallel and filled with the first desulfurizer. , three or more desulfurizers may be used. It should be noted that the desulfurization device in this modification must have two on-off valves for each additional desulfurizer.
- the four on-off valves of the first on-off valve 7, the second on-off valve 8, the third on-off valve 9, and the fourth on-off valve 10 are illustrated as the switching valves in the present disclosure.
- a two-way valve may be used.
- multi-way valves corresponding to the number of desulfurizers may be used.
- the present disclosure is applicable to desulfurization equipment that removes sulfur compounds in hydrocarbon fuel. Specifically, the present disclosure is applicable to, for example, a fuel cell system and a hydrogen production device equipped with a hydrogen generator that generates hydrogen from city gas or LPG.
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Abstract
Description
発明者らが本開示に想到するに至った当時から、銅イオンと有機配位子とをもつ金属有機構造体を用いて、硫黄化合物を含む炭化水素燃料から、硫黄化合物を除去する脱硫装置が知られている。この脱硫装置は、炭化水素燃料に含まれる硫黄化合物を簡単かつ効果的に除去することができる。
以下、図1を用いて、本開示における脱硫装置の一例である実施の形態1における脱硫装置21を説明する。
図1は、実施の形態1における脱硫装置21の構成を示すブロック図である。なお、図1では、硫黄化合物を含む炭化水素燃料が通流する流路を矢印で示している。このことは、後述する図2~図4においても同様である。図1に示すように、脱硫装置21は、第一脱硫器1と、第二脱硫器2と、加熱器3と、冷却器4と、制御器41とを備える。また、脱硫装置21は、外部から脱硫装置21に供給された炭化水素燃料を、第一脱硫器1と第二脱硫器2とで脱硫してから、燃料利用機器31に供給するように構成されている。
以上のように構成された脱硫装置21について、その動作を以下説明する。
以上のように、本実施の形態1において、脱硫装置21は、硫黄化合物を含む炭化水素燃料が通流する流路と、第一脱硫剤と、第二脱硫剤と、冷却器4と、加熱器3と、を備える。
以下、図2を用いて、本開示における脱硫装置の一例である実施の形態2における脱硫装置22を、実施の形態1における脱硫装置21との相違点を中心に説明する。
図2は、実施の形態2における脱硫装置22の構成を示すブロック図である。同図に示すように、実施の形態2における脱硫装置22は、第一脱硫器1に代えて、第三脱硫器5と並列に第四脱硫器6を備える点で、実施の形態1における脱硫装置21とは異なる。また、脱硫装置22は、第三脱硫器5の上流と下流にそれぞれ第一開閉弁7と第二開閉弁8とを、第四脱硫器6の上流と下流にそれぞれ第三開閉弁9と第四開閉弁10とを備える点で、脱硫装置21とは異なる。また、脱硫装置22は、制御器41の代わりに制御器42を備える点で、脱硫装置21とは異なる。
以上のように構成された脱硫装置22について、その動作を以下説明する。
以上のように、本実施の形態2において、脱硫装置22は、硫黄化合物を含む炭化水素燃料が通流する流路と、第一脱硫剤と、第二脱硫剤と、冷却器4と、加熱器3と、を備える。
以下、図3を用いて、本開示における脱硫装置の一例である実施の形態3における脱硫装置22を、実施の形態1における脱硫装置21との相違点を中心に説明する。
図3は、実施の形態3における脱硫装置23の構成を示すブロック図である。なお、以下では、脱硫装置23が使用可能に設置された状態(本開示における設置状態に相当)での鉛直方向を上下方向として記載する場合がある。
以上のように構成された脱硫装置23について、その動作を以下説明する。
以上のように、本実施の形態3において、脱硫装置23は、硫黄化合物を含む炭化水素燃料が通流する流路と、第一脱硫剤と、第二脱硫剤と、本開示における冷却部の一例を構成する吸気口13、吸気ファン11および排気口12と、加熱器3と、を備える。
以下、図4を用いて、本開示における脱硫装置の一例である実施の形態4における脱硫装置24を、実施の形態3における脱硫装置23との相違点を中心に説明する。
図4は、実施の形態4における脱硫装置24の構成を示すブロック図である。同図に示すように、実施の形態4における脱硫装置24は、第一脱硫器1が、第二脱硫器2よりも外装に近接して配置されている点と、制御器43の代わりに制御器44を備えている点で、図3に示す実施の形態3における脱硫装置23と異なる。
以上のように構成された脱硫装置24について、その動作を以下説明する。
以上のように、本実施の形態4において、脱硫装置24は、硫黄化合物を含む炭化水素燃料が通流する流路と、第一脱硫剤と、第二脱硫剤と、本開示における冷却部の一例を構成する吸気口13、吸気ファン11および排気口12と、加熱器3と、を備える。
以上のように、本開示における技術の例示として、実施の形態1~4を説明した。しかしながら、本開示における技術は、これに限定されず、変更、置き換え、付加、省略などを行った実施の形態にも適用できる。また、上記実施の形態1~4で説明した各構成要素を組み合わせて、新たな実施の形態とすることも可能である。
2 第二脱硫器
3 加熱器
4 冷却器
5 第三脱硫器
6 第四脱硫器
7 第一開閉弁
8 第二開閉弁
9 第三開閉弁
10 第四開閉弁
11 吸気ファン
12 排気口
13 吸気口
21 脱硫装置
22 脱硫装置
23 脱硫装置
24 脱硫装置
31 燃料利用機器
32 水素生成装置
41 制御器
42 制御器
43 制御器
44 制御器
Claims (5)
- 硫黄化合物を含む炭化水素燃料が通流する流路と、
前記流路に設けられ、銅イオンと有機配位子とをもつ金属有機構造体で構成され、前記炭化水素燃料に含まれる前記硫黄化合物の少なくとも一部を除去する第一脱硫剤と、
前記炭化水素燃料の流れ方向において前記第一脱硫剤よりも下流側の前記流路に設けられ、前記炭化水素燃料に含まれる前記硫黄化合物のうち硫化カルボニルを除去する第二脱硫剤と、
前記第一脱硫剤の温度を、前記炭化水素燃料の露点以上かつ前記第一脱硫剤の劣化が抑制される温度以下に冷却する冷却部と、
前記第二脱硫剤の温度を、前記炭化水素燃料に含まれる硫化カルボニルが前記第二脱硫剤で除去できる温度以上にする加熱器と、を備える
ことを特徴とする脱硫装置。 - 前記第一脱硫剤を充填した複数の脱硫器が並列に設置され、
前記複数の前記脱硫器のうち、少なくとも一つの前記脱硫器に前記炭化水素燃料を流通させるようにする切替弁を備え、
前記切替弁は、前記複数の前記脱硫器のうち、少なくとも一つの前記脱硫器に前記炭化水素燃料を供給している間は、前記複数の前記脱硫器のうち、少なくとも一つの前記脱硫器を除く他の前記脱硫器には前記炭化水素燃料を流通させない
ことを特徴とする請求項1記載の脱硫装置。 - 前記脱硫装置は、外気と隔離されるように外装を備え、
前記冷却部は、前記外気を取り入れるために前記外装に設けられた吸気口と、前記外装内の空気を前記外装の外に排出するために前記外装に設けられた排気口と、前記吸気口から前記外気が取り入れられるように動作する吸気ファンとで構成される
ことを特徴とする請求項1または2記載の脱硫装置。 - 前記第一脱硫剤は、前記第二脱硫剤よりも、前記脱硫装置の設置状態における上下方向の下方に位置し、
前記吸気口は、前記第一脱硫剤よりも、前記脱硫装置の前記設置状態における前記上下方向の下方に位置している
ことを特徴とする請求項3記載の脱硫装置。 - 前記第一脱硫剤は、前記第二脱硫剤よりも前記外装に近接して配置されている
ことを特徴とする請求項3記載の脱硫装置。
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Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JPH0359023U (ja) * | 1989-10-13 | 1991-06-10 | ||
JP2005068337A (ja) * | 2003-08-26 | 2005-03-17 | Matsushita Electric Works Ltd | 液化石油ガスの脱硫装置及び硫化カルボニル分解触媒 |
JP2015135789A (ja) | 2014-01-20 | 2015-07-27 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | 脱硫装置及び脱硫装置の使用方法 |
WO2017150019A1 (ja) | 2016-03-01 | 2017-09-08 | パナソニック株式会社 | 流体からの硫黄化合物の除去 |
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Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JPH0359023U (ja) * | 1989-10-13 | 1991-06-10 | ||
JP2005068337A (ja) * | 2003-08-26 | 2005-03-17 | Matsushita Electric Works Ltd | 液化石油ガスの脱硫装置及び硫化カルボニル分解触媒 |
JP2015135789A (ja) | 2014-01-20 | 2015-07-27 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | 脱硫装置及び脱硫装置の使用方法 |
WO2017150019A1 (ja) | 2016-03-01 | 2017-09-08 | パナソニック株式会社 | 流体からの硫黄化合物の除去 |
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