WO2022160515A1 - 双向活塞泵及其无气喷涂机 - Google Patents

双向活塞泵及其无气喷涂机 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022160515A1
WO2022160515A1 PCT/CN2021/094455 CN2021094455W WO2022160515A1 WO 2022160515 A1 WO2022160515 A1 WO 2022160515A1 CN 2021094455 W CN2021094455 W CN 2021094455W WO 2022160515 A1 WO2022160515 A1 WO 2022160515A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
liquid
liquid outlet
piston
liquid inlet
channel
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PCT/CN2021/094455
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
周肃虎
兰文军
胡建林
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金华市金顺工具有限公司
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Publication of WO2022160515A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022160515A1/zh

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B19/00—Machines or pumps having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B17/00
    • F04B19/20—Other positive-displacement pumps
    • F04B19/22—Other positive-displacement pumps of reciprocating-piston type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B9/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent material, without essentially mixing with gas or vapour
    • B05B9/03—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent material, without essentially mixing with gas or vapour characterised by means for supplying liquid or other fluent material
    • B05B9/04—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent material, without essentially mixing with gas or vapour characterised by means for supplying liquid or other fluent material with pressurised or compressible container; with pump
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B9/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent material, without essentially mixing with gas or vapour
    • B05B9/03—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent material, without essentially mixing with gas or vapour characterised by means for supplying liquid or other fluent material
    • B05B9/04—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent material, without essentially mixing with gas or vapour characterised by means for supplying liquid or other fluent material with pressurised or compressible container; with pump
    • B05B9/0403—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent material, without essentially mixing with gas or vapour characterised by means for supplying liquid or other fluent material with pressurised or compressible container; with pump with pumps for liquids or other fluent material
    • B05B9/0413—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent material, without essentially mixing with gas or vapour characterised by means for supplying liquid or other fluent material with pressurised or compressible container; with pump with pumps for liquids or other fluent material with reciprocating pumps, e.g. membrane pump, piston pump, bellow pump
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B17/00—Pumps characterised by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors
    • F04B17/03—Pumps characterised by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors driven by electric motors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B53/00—Component parts, details or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B23/00 or F04B39/00 - F04B47/00
    • F04B53/10—Valves; Arrangement of valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B53/00—Component parts, details or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B23/00 or F04B39/00 - F04B47/00
    • F04B53/14—Pistons, piston-rods or piston-rod connections
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B53/00—Component parts, details or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B23/00 or F04B39/00 - F04B47/00
    • F04B53/14—Pistons, piston-rods or piston-rod connections
    • F04B53/144—Adaptation of piston-rods
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B53/00—Component parts, details or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B23/00 or F04B39/00 - F04B47/00
    • F04B53/16—Casings; Cylinders; Cylinder liners or heads; Fluid connections

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to pumps, and more particularly to piston pumps that can be used in spray equipment.
  • the working mode of the existing airless spraying machine is that in each reciprocating motion cycle (ie, circulation cycle) of the plunger, the first half cycle is filled with liquid but not sprayed, the second half cycle is sprayed but not liquid, and so on. Since there is no spraying operation in half of each cycle, it will lead to unbalanced spraying pressure and flow rate, decreased particle fineness and uniformity during atomization, decreased compactness and adhesion after covering, and poor spraying efficiency. high.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a piston pump with simple structure, small volume, and continuous liquid discharge in a full cycle.
  • Another technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an airless sprayer.
  • the bidirectional piston pump of the embodiment of the present invention includes a pump body, a piston rod and a piston; the pump body is provided with a piston rod cavity, and the piston rod passes through the piston rod cavity and can reciprocate in the axial direction under the driving of external force; Outside the piston rod, the piston rod cavity is divided into a first working cavity and a second working cavity which are sealed with each other; the pump body is provided with a first liquid inlet channel, a second liquid inlet channel, a first liquid outlet channel and a second outlet The liquid channel, the first liquid inlet channel and the first liquid outlet channel are respectively communicated with the first working chamber, the second liquid inlet channel and the second liquid outlet channel are respectively communicated with the second working chamber, and the first liquid inlet channel and the second liquid outlet channel are respectively connected with the second working chamber.
  • the liquid inlet channel, the first liquid outlet channel and the second liquid outlet channel are respectively provided with a first liquid inlet check valve, a second liquid inlet check valve, a first liquid outlet check valve and a second liquid outlet check valve;
  • a first liquid inlet check valve When the piston rod moves in the first direction, the volume of the first working chamber increases to form a negative pressure, and the volume of the second working chamber decreases to form a positive pressure, so that the first liquid inlet check valve is opened and the first liquid outlet check valve is closed , the second liquid inlet check valve is closed and the second liquid outlet check valve is opened;
  • the piston rod moves in the second direction, the volume of the first working chamber decreases to form a positive pressure, and the volume of the second working chamber increases to form a negative pressure , so that the first liquid inlet check valve is closed and the first liquid outlet check valve is opened, the second liquid inlet check valve is opened and the second liquid outlet check valve is closed; the second direction is opposite to the first direction.
  • the airless spraying machine of the embodiment of the present invention includes a liquid storage container and the above-mentioned two-way piston pump; the lower end of the liquid storage container is connected with the upper end of the pump body of the two-way piston pump; the liquid storage container has a first liquid outlet and a second liquid outlet The first liquid outlet and the second liquid outlet are respectively connected to the first liquid inlet channel and the second liquid inlet channel of the bidirectional piston pump.
  • the piston pump of the embodiment of the present invention can realize the first working chamber liquid feeding and the second working chamber liquid discharging in the first half cycle of the cycle period, and the first working chamber liquid discharging and the second working chamber discharging in the second half cycle of the cycle cycle.
  • Inlet there is no interval and pause in the middle, so that two-way full-cycle continuous liquid spraying or liquid spraying can be realized, the efficiency of spraying or spraying is improved, and the spray pressure and flow are balanced, and the fineness of particles in the atomization process is improved.
  • the uniform distribution is increased, and the compactness and adhesion after covering are better, so as to obtain better spraying and spraying effects;
  • the piston pump of the embodiment of the present invention uses only one set of piston rods and pistons, and has a simple structure, small volume and light weight, which facilitates miniaturization and portability of spraying equipment and cleaning equipment.
  • FIG. 1 , 2 and 3 respectively show a schematic front view, a schematic side view and a schematic bottom view of an airless sprayer according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of an airless sprayer according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the airless sprayer includes a bidirectional piston pump 100 and a liquid storage container 200 .
  • the bidirectional piston pump 100 includes a pump body 1 , a piston rod 2 and a piston 31 .
  • the lower end of the liquid storage container 200 is connected to the upper end of the pump body 1 of the bidirectional piston pump 100 .
  • the pump body 1 is provided with a piston rod cavity 1A, and the piston rod 2 passes through the piston rod cavity 1A and can reciprocate in the axial direction under the driving of external force.
  • both ends of the piston rod 2 pass through the piston rod cavity 1A and protrude out of the piston rod cavity 1A.
  • one end of the piston rod 2 can also protrude out of the piston rod cavity 1A. , so as to be connected to the power plant, and the other end of the piston rod 2 is located in the piston rod cavity 1A.
  • the piston 31 is sleeved outside the piston rod 2 and divides the piston rod chamber 1A into a first working chamber 11A and a second working chamber 12A which are sealed with each other.
  • the bidirectional piston pump 100 includes a piston sealing ring 32 , and the piston sealing ring 32 is sleeved outside the piston rod 2 and is close to the piston 31 .
  • the number of the piston 31 and the piston sealing ring 32 is two.
  • the shaft of the piston rod 2 is provided with three convex rings 21 protruding in the radial direction, wherein a piston 31 and a piston sealing ring 32 are arranged between the middle convex ring and the one located on one side of the middle convex ring.
  • the other piston 31 and the other piston sealing ring 32 are arranged between the intermediate convex ring and the one located on the other side of the intermediate convex ring.
  • the provision of two pistons 31 and two piston sealing rings 32 can greatly prolong the service life of the parts and improve the sealing performance.
  • the pump body 1 can be obtained by injection molding, die casting or machining.
  • the pump body 1 is embedded with a piston cylinder 10 matched with the piston 31 and the piston sealing ring 32 .
  • the piston cylinder 10 is annular and can be made of stainless steel.
  • the material of the piston 31 is plastic or metal, and the material of the piston sealing ring 32 is fluorine rubber.
  • Both sides of the piston rod cavity 1A are provided with a piston rod sealing ring 71 and a threaded sleeve 72.
  • the piston rod 2 passes through the piston rod sealing ring 71 and the threaded sleeve 72 in turn.
  • the outer circumference of the piston rod sealing ring 71 is provided with a piston rod sealing ring. 73.
  • the screw sleeve 72 is provided with an external thread, and the screw sleeve 72 is screwed with the pump body 1 .
  • the pump body 1 is provided with a first liquid inlet channel 11 , a second liquid inlet channel 12 , a first liquid outlet channel 13 , a second liquid outlet channel 14 and a liquid discharge channel 15 .
  • the top end of the first liquid inlet channel 11 and the top end of the second liquid inlet channel 12 are respectively communicated with the first liquid outlet port 201 and the second liquid outlet port 202 of the liquid storage container 200, and the bottom end of the first liquid inlet channel 11 is connected to the first liquid outlet port 201 and the second liquid outlet port 202 of the liquid storage container 200.
  • the top end of the first liquid outlet channel 13 communicates with the first working chamber 11A respectively, the bottom end of the second liquid inlet channel 12 and the top end of the second liquid outlet channel 14 are respectively communicated with the second working chamber 12A, and the first liquid outlet channel 13 and The second liquid outlet channels 14 are also communicated with the liquid discharge channels 15 respectively.
  • the first liquid inlet channel 11, the second liquid inlet channel 12, the first liquid outlet channel 13 and the second liquid outlet channel 14 are respectively provided with a first liquid inlet one-way valve 41, a second liquid inlet one-way valve 42, A liquid outlet check valve 43 and a second liquid outlet check valve 44 .
  • each liquid inlet check valve includes a liquid inlet valve seat 411 , a liquid inlet valve core 412 and a liquid inlet spring 413 .
  • the liquid inlet valve seat 411 is arranged on the stepped surface of the pump body 1 , and the liquid inlet valve seat 411 is provided with a liquid inlet valve port 414 .
  • the liquid inlet valve core 412 is located on the side of the liquid inlet valve seat close to the piston rod cavity 1A, and the two ends of the liquid inlet spring 413 abut against the liquid inlet valve core 412 and the steps provided on the pump body 1 respectively, so that the liquid inlet valve core 412 Close the inlet valve port 414.
  • Each liquid outlet check valve includes a liquid outlet valve seat 431 , a liquid outlet valve core 432 and a liquid outlet spring 433 .
  • the liquid outlet valve seat 431 is fixed in the corresponding liquid outlet channel, and the liquid outlet valve seat 431 is provided with a liquid outlet valve port 434 .
  • the liquid outlet valve core 432 is located on the side of the liquid outlet valve seat 431 away from the piston rod cavity 1A (that is, the side close to the liquid discharge channel 15 ), and the liquid outlet spring 433 abuts the liquid outlet valve core 432 so that the liquid outlet valve core 432 Close the outlet valve port 434.
  • each liquid inlet valve seat 411 and the liquid outlet valve seat 431 are both ceramic seats, and the liquid inlet valve core 412 and the liquid outlet valve core 432 are both spherical and formed of steel balls.
  • the top of each liquid inlet valve seat 411 is also provided with a liquid inlet fixed hollow stud 74, wherein one liquid inlet fixed hollow stud 74 is respectively connected with the first liquid outlet 201 of the liquid storage container 200 and the first liquid inlet channel 11. , the other liquid inlet fixed hollow stud 74 is respectively connected with the second liquid outlet 202 and the second liquid inlet channel 12 of the liquid storage container 200 .
  • each liquid inlet fixing hollow stud 74 has a radially protruding annular flange, and the liquid outlet of the liquid storage container 200 corresponding to the liquid inlet fixing hollow stud 74 is provided with the annular flange.
  • the annular step surface with the matching edge, the annular flange 74 of the liquid inlet fixing hollow stud is pressed against the corresponding annular step surface, and the lower part of the liquid inlet fixing hollow stud 74 is screwed with the corresponding liquid inlet channel, so that the storage
  • the liquid container 200 is connected to the pump body 1 .
  • Each liquid outlet valve seat 431 and liquid outlet spring 433 are supported by a liquid outlet base 435 , and the lower end of the liquid outlet base 435 is supported by a bottom end nut 75 that is screwed with the pump body 1 .
  • the liquid discharge passage 15 receives the liquid flowing out from the first liquid outlet check valve 43 and the second liquid outlet check valve 44 .
  • One end of the liquid discharge channel 15 is provided with a liquid outlet pipe connection joint 5, and the liquid outlet pipe connection joint 5 is used to connect one end of a liquid outlet hose (not shown in the figure), and the other end of the liquid outlet hose can be connected to the spray gun.
  • the other end of the liquid discharge channel 15 is provided with a pressure relief check valve 6 .
  • the pressure relief check valve 6 includes a pressure relief valve seat 61, a pressure relief valve core 62 and a pressure relief spring 63.
  • the pressure relief valve seat 61 is provided with a pressure relief valve port 64 .
  • the pressure relief valve core 62 is located outside the pressure relief valve seat 61 , and the pressure relief spring 63 abuts the pressure relief valve core 62 , so that the pressure relief valve core 62 closes the pressure relief valve port 64 .
  • the pressure relief valve seat 61 is a ceramic seat
  • the pressure relief valve core 62 includes a valve stem 621 and a valve ball 622 fixed at one end of the valve stem 621 , and both ends of the pressure relief spring 63 respectively abut against the annular rings on the stem body of the valve stem 621 .
  • the valve ball 622 is made of steel balls.
  • the pressure relief check valve 6 is also provided with a hollow pressure relief stud 67 .
  • the hollow pressure relief stud 67 is screwed with the pump body 1 , and the inner wall of the central hole is provided with a stop step to abut the outside of the pressure relief valve seat 61 .
  • the inner end surface of the pressure relief valve seat 61 abuts against the stepped surface provided on the inner wall of the liquid discharge channel 15 .
  • the motor drives the piston rod 2 to move from left to right (the first direction), and the piston installed on the piston rod 2 moves from left to right synchronously, so that the first working chamber moves from left to right.
  • the volume of 11A gradually increases, and negative pressure is generated.
  • the liquid outlet valve core 432 of the first liquid outlet check valve 43 closes the liquid outlet valve port 434 under the combined action of the elastic force of the liquid outlet spring 433 and the negative pressure, and the first outlet valve 434 is closed.
  • the liquid inlet valve core 412 of the liquid inlet check valve 41 overcomes the elastic force of the liquid inlet spring 413 and moves downward, thereby opening the liquid inlet valve port 414 .
  • the paint or other liquid contained in the liquid storage container 200 flows into the first working chamber 11A through the liquid inlet fixed hollow stud 74 and the liquid inlet valve port 414 of the first liquid inlet check valve 41; at the same time, the second working The volume of the cavity 12A gradually decreases, the pressure of the second working cavity 12A gradually increases, and the liquid inlet valve core 412 of the second liquid inlet check valve 42 is pressed against the liquid inlet valve seat under the action of the elastic force and positive pressure of the liquid inlet spring 413 411, close the inlet valve port 414.
  • the liquid outlet valve core 432 of the second liquid outlet check valve 44 overcomes the elastic force of the liquid outlet spring 433 under the action of positive pressure, leaves the liquid outlet valve seat 431 and opens the liquid outlet valve port 434 .
  • the air in the second working chamber 12A is discharged through the liquid outlet valve port 434 , the liquid discharge channel 15 and the liquid outlet pipe connecting joint 5 .
  • the first half cycle of a cycle is completed when the piston rod 2 starts to move from the left to the right to the right to the right dead center.
  • the motor drives the piston rod 2 to move from right to left (the second direction), and the piston installed on the piston rod 2 moves from right to left synchronously, so that the second work
  • the volume of the cavity 12A gradually increases, and negative pressure is generated.
  • the liquid outlet valve core 432 of the second liquid outlet one-way valve 44 closes the liquid outlet valve port 434 under the combined action of the elastic force of the liquid outlet spring 433 and the negative pressure, and the second outlet valve is closed.
  • the liquid inlet valve core 412 of the second liquid inlet check valve 42 overcomes the elastic force of the liquid inlet spring 413 and moves downward, thereby opening the liquid inlet valve port 414 .
  • the paint or other liquid contained in the liquid storage container 200 flows into the second working chamber 12A through the liquid inlet fixed hollow stud 74 and the liquid inlet valve port 414 of the second liquid inlet check valve 42; at the same time, the first working The volume of the cavity 11A gradually decreases, the pressure of the first working cavity 11A gradually increases, and the liquid inlet valve core 412 of the first liquid inlet check valve 41 is pressed against the liquid inlet valve seat under the action of the elastic force and positive pressure of the liquid inlet spring 413 411, close the inlet valve port 414.
  • the liquid outlet valve core 432 of the first liquid outlet check valve 43 overcomes the elastic force of the liquid outlet spring 433 under the action of positive pressure, leaves the liquid outlet valve seat 431 and opens the liquid outlet valve port 434 .
  • the paint or other liquid in the first working chamber 11A is discharged to the spray gun through the liquid outlet valve port 434, the liquid discharge channel 15 and the liquid outlet pipe connecting joint 5 to start spraying or spraying operation.
  • the piston rod 2 completes the second half of a cycle from the beginning of the movement from right to left to the left movement to the left dead center. So far, one cycle consisting of the first half cycle and the second half cycle is completed.
  • the working process of each subsequent cycle is similar to the process of the aforementioned first cycle.
  • the first liquid inlet check valve 41 is opened and the first liquid outlet check valve 43 is closed.
  • the paint or other liquid contained in the liquid storage container 200 flows into the first working chamber 11A through the first liquid inlet check valve 41, the second liquid inlet check valve 42 is closed and the second liquid outlet check valve 44 is opened,
  • the paint or other liquid in the second working chamber 12A is discharged to the spray gun through the liquid outlet valve port 434, the liquid discharge channel 15 and the liquid outlet pipe connection joint 5 to start spraying or spraying operation;
  • the second liquid inlet check valve 42 is opened and the second liquid outlet check valve 44 is closed, and the
  • the airless sprayer of this embodiment can perform spraying or spraying. Therefore, The airless spraying machine of this embodiment realizes two-way full-cycle continuous operation.
  • the pressure of the paint or liquid flowing into the pump body 1 will push the pressure relief valve core 62 to compress the pressure relief spring 63, so that the valve ball 622 will leave the pressure relief valve seat 61, and the pressure will be released.
  • the valve port 64 is opened, and the paint or liquid is discharged through the pressure relief valve port 64 and the pressure relief interface 66, thereby protecting the safety of the pump body 1 and the operator.
  • the pressure relief port 66 is connected to the liquid storage container 200 through a pipeline, and the discharged paint and liquid flow into the liquid storage container 200 for recycling.
  • This embodiment utilizes the characteristics of the reciprocating motion of the piston rod, and the piston rod cavity is divided into two working chambers by the piston installed in the middle of the piston rod.
  • Each working chamber has a liquid inlet channel and a liquid outlet channel, which can independently complete the liquid inlet With the liquid-out operation, the discharged liquid flows into the external pipeline from the same outlet to realize continuous liquid-inlet and liquid-outlet circulation, which solves the problem that the existing technology cannot operate for half a cycle.
  • the piston pump of the embodiment of the present invention can realize the first working chamber liquid feeding and the second working chamber liquid discharging in the first half cycle of the cycle, and the first working chamber discharging liquid and the second working chamber liquid feeding in the second half cycle of the cycle cycle. , there is no interval and pause in the middle, so that the two-way full-cycle continuous liquid spraying or liquid spraying operation can be realized, and the efficiency of spraying or spraying is improved.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Details Of Reciprocating Pumps (AREA)
  • Reciprocating Pumps (AREA)

Abstract

一种双向活塞泵（100）包括泵体（1）、活塞杆（2）和活塞（31）。活塞杆（2）穿过泵体（1）的活塞杆腔（1A）。活塞（31）套设于活塞杆（2）外将活塞杆腔（1A）分隔为第一和第二工作腔（11A、12A）。泵体（1）设有第一、第二进液通道（11、12）和第一、第二出液通道（13、14），第一进液通道（11）和第一出液通道（13）与第一工作腔（11A）连通，第二进液通道（12）和第二出液通道（14）与第二工作腔（12A）连通，在第一、第二进液通道（11、12）和第一、第二出液通道（13、14）分别设有第一、第二进液单向阀（41、42）和第一、第二出液单向阀（43、44）。一种无气喷涂机包括储液容器（200）以及该双向活塞泵（100）。该活塞泵结构简单，体积小，能够全周期连续出液。

Description

双向活塞泵及其无气喷涂机 技术领域
本发明涉及泵，尤其涉及能够用于喷涂设备的活塞泵。
背景技术
现有的无气喷涂机大多是利用柱塞泵将涂料增压，并使增压后的涂料通过软管输送到喷枪，经由喷嘴释放压力形成雾化，从而在待喷涂的表面形成涂层。现有无气喷涂机的工作方式是在柱塞的每个往复运动周期(即循环周期)中，前半周期进液但不喷涂，后半周期喷涂但不进液，并如此循环。由于在每个循环周期中有半个周期不进行喷涂作业，因此导致喷射压力和流量不均衡、雾化过程颗粒精细度及其均布性下降、覆盖后致密性和附着力下降、喷涂效率不高。
目前，常见的提高无气喷涂机的喷涂效率的方式主要有以下两种：1、提高柱塞泵驱动电机的转速以缩短循环周期的时间，使人感觉不出有喷涂停顿的现象，这种方式没有从根本上解决无气喷涂机不能全周期连续喷涂作业的问题；2、使用双活塞泵和双活塞杆(即双泵)实现无气喷涂机的全周期连续喷涂作业，但这会给无气喷涂机带来结构复杂、成本高、体积大的缺点，无法实现产品的小型化和便携式。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题在于提供一种结构简单、体积小、能够全周期连续出液的活塞泵。
本发明所要解决的又一技术问题在于提供一种无气喷涂机。
本发明实施例的双向活塞泵，包括泵体、活塞杆和活塞；泵体设有活塞杆腔，活塞杆穿过活塞杆腔，并可在外力的驱动下沿轴向往复运动；活塞套设于活塞杆外，并将活塞杆腔分隔为彼此密封的第一工作腔和第二工作腔；泵体设有第一进液通道、第二进液通道、第一出液通道和第二出液通道，第一进液通道和第一出液通道分别与第一工作腔连通，第二进液通道和第二出液通道分别与第二工作腔连通，在第一进液通道、第二进液通道、第一出液通道和第二出 液通道分别设有第一进液单向阀、第二进液单向阀、第一出液单向阀和第二出液单向阀；当活塞杆沿第一方向移动时，第一工作腔体积增大形成负压，第二工作腔体积减小形成正压，使第一进液单向阀打开且第一出液单向阀关闭，第二进液单向阀关闭且第二出液单向阀打开；当活塞杆沿第二方向移动时，第一工作腔体积减小形成正压，第二工作腔体积增大形成负压，使第一进液单向阀关闭且第一出液单向阀打开，第二进液单向阀打开且第二出液单向阀关闭；第二方向与第一方向相反。
本发明实施例的无气喷涂机，包括储液容器以及上述的双向活塞泵；储液容器的下端与双向活塞泵的泵体上端相连；储液容器具有第一出液口和第二出液口，第一出液口和第二出液口分别连通于双向活塞泵的第一进液通道和第二进液通道。
本发明至少具有以下优点：
1、本发明实施例的活塞泵可以在循环周期的前半周期实现第一工作腔进液，第二工作腔出液，在循环周期的后半周期实现第一工作腔出液，第二工作腔进液，中间没有间隔和停顿，从而能够实现双向全周期连续地出液喷涂或出液喷洒作业，提高了喷涂或喷洒的效率，并使喷射压力和流量均衡、雾化过程颗粒精细度及其均布性上升、覆盖后致密性和附着力更好，进而能获得更好的喷涂、喷洒效果；
2、本发明实施例的活塞泵只采用了一组活塞杆和活塞，结构简单，体积小，重量轻，便于实现喷涂设备和清洗设备的小型化和便携化。
附图概述
下面结合附图对本发明作进一步说明。
图1、图2和图3分别示出了根据本发明一实施例的无气喷涂机的主视示意图、侧视示意图和仰视示意图。
图4示出了根据本发明一实施例的无气喷涂机的剖面示意图。
本发明的最佳实施方式
请参考图1至图4。根据本发明一实施例的无气喷涂机包括双向活塞泵100 和储液容器200。
双向活塞泵100包括泵体1、活塞杆2和活塞31。储液容器200的下端与双向活塞泵100的泵体1的上端相连。
泵体1设有活塞杆腔1A，活塞杆2穿过活塞杆腔1A，并可在外力的驱动下沿轴向往复运动。在本实施例中，活塞杆2的两端均穿过活塞杆腔1A并伸出活塞杆腔1A外，在其它的实施例中，也可以是活塞杆2的一端伸出活塞杆腔1A外，以连接于动力装置，而活塞杆2的另一端位于活塞杆腔1A内。
活塞31套设于活塞杆2外，将活塞杆腔1A分隔为彼此密封的第一工作腔11A和第二工作腔12A。进一步地，双向活塞泵100包括活塞密封圈32，活塞密封圈32套设于活塞杆2外，并靠近活塞31。
在本实施例中，活塞31和活塞密封圈32的数量均为两个。活塞杆2的杆身设有沿径向凸出的三道凸环21，其中一个活塞31和一个活塞密封圈32设置在中间凸环与位于该中间凸环一侧的那一个凸环之间，另一个活塞31和另一个活塞密封圈32设置在中间凸环与位于该中间凸环另一侧的那一个凸环之间。设置两个活塞31和两个活塞密封圈32能够大大延长零件的使用寿命，并提高密封性能。
在本实施例中，泵体1可采用注塑、压铸或机械加工方式获得。为了提高耐磨性，可选地，泵体1中镶嵌有与活塞31和活塞密封圈32相配合的活塞缸10，活塞缸10为环形，可采用不锈钢材料制造。可选地，活塞31的材质为塑料或金属，活塞密封圈32的材质为氟橡胶。在活塞杆腔1A的两侧均设有活塞杆密封环71和螺套72，活塞杆2依次穿过活塞杆密封环71和螺套72，活塞杆密封环71的外周设有活塞杆密封圈73，螺套72设有外螺纹，螺套72与泵体1螺旋连接。
泵体1设有第一进液通道11、第二进液通道12、第一出液通道13、第二出液通道14以及液体排出通道15。第一进液通道11的顶端和第二进液通道12的顶端分别与储液容器200的第一出液口201和第二出液口202连通，第一进液通道11的底端和第一出液通道13的顶端分别与第一工作腔11A连通，第二进液通道12的底端和第二出液通道14的顶端分别与第二工作腔12A连通，第一出液通道13和第二出液通道14还分别与液体排出通道15连通。在第一 进液通道11、第二进液通道12、第一出液通道13和第二出液通道14分别设有第一进液单向阀41、第二进液单向阀42、第一出液单向阀43和第二出液单向阀44。
在本实施例中，活塞杆2水平设置；第一进液通道11和第二进液通道12位于活塞杆腔1A的上方，第一出液通道13和第二出液通道14位于活塞杆腔1A的下方。每一进液单向阀包括进液阀座411、进液阀芯412以及进液弹簧413。进液阀座411设置于泵体1的台阶面上，进液阀座411设有进液阀口414。进液阀芯412位于进液阀座靠近活塞杆腔1A的一侧，进液弹簧413的两端分别抵接进液阀芯412以及设于泵体1的台阶，以使进液阀芯412关闭进液阀口414。每一出液单向阀包括出液阀座431、出液阀芯432以及出液弹簧433。出液阀座431固定于对应的出液通道内，出液阀座431设有出液阀口434。出液阀芯432位于出液阀座431远离活塞杆腔1A的一侧(即靠近液体排出通道15的一侧)，出液弹簧433抵接出液阀芯432，以使出液阀芯432关闭出液阀口434。
在本实施例中，进液阀座411和出液阀座431均为陶瓷座，进液阀芯412和出液阀芯432均为球形，由钢珠构成。每一进液阀座411的上方还设有进液固定空心螺柱74，其中一个进液固定空心螺柱74分别与储液容器200的第一出液口201和第一进液通道11连接，另一个进液固定空心螺柱74分别与储液容器200的第二出液口202和第二进液通道12连接。进一步地，每一个进液固定空心螺柱74的顶端具有沿径向凸出的环形凸缘，与进液固定空心螺柱74相对应的储液容器200的出液口设有与该环形凸缘相配合的环形台阶面，进液固定空心螺柱的74的环形凸缘压在对应的环形台阶面上，进液固定空心螺柱74的下部与对应的进液通道螺旋连接，从而将储液容器200与泵体1连接起来。每一出液阀座431和出液弹簧433由出液底座435支撑，出液底座435的下端由与泵体1螺旋连接的底端螺帽75支撑。
液体排出通道15接受从第一出液单向阀43和第二出液单向阀44流出的液体。液体排出通道15的一端设有出液管连接接头5，出液管连接接头5用于连接出液软管(图中未示出)的一端，出液软管的另一端可连接至喷枪。液体排出通道15的另一端设有泄压单向阀6。
在本实施例中，泄压单向阀6包括泄压阀座61、泄压阀芯62和泄压弹簧 63。泄压阀座61设有泄压阀口64。泄压阀芯62位于泄压阀座61的外侧，泄压弹簧63抵接泄压阀芯62，以使泄压阀芯62关闭泄压阀口64。
进一步地，泄压阀座61为陶瓷座，泄压阀芯62包括阀杆621和固定在阀杆621一端的阀球622，泄压弹簧63的两端分别抵靠阀杆621杆身上的环形凸起和泄压弹簧定位螺母65。阀球622由钢珠构成。泄压单向阀6还设有中空泄压螺柱67，中空泄压螺柱67与泵体1螺旋连接，其中心孔的内壁设有止挡台阶，以抵接泄压阀座61的外侧端面，泄压阀座61的内侧端面抵靠在设于液体排出通道15内壁的台阶面上。
根据本发明实施例的无气喷涂机的工作过程说明如下。
在活塞泵100的第一个循环周期的前半周期，电机驱动活塞杆2由左向右(第一方向)运动，安装在活塞杆2上的活塞同步由左向右运动，使第一工作腔11A的体积逐渐加大，产生负压，第一出液单向阀43的出液阀芯432在出液弹簧433的弹力和负压力的共同作用下将出液阀口434关闭，而第一进液单向阀41的进液阀芯412在负压作用下克服了进液弹簧413的弹性力，向下移动，进而使进液阀口414被打开。装在储液容器200内的涂料或其它液体，经过进液固定空心螺柱74、第一进液单向阀41的进液阀口414流入第一工作腔11A；与此同时，第二工作腔12A的体积逐渐减小，第二工作腔12A的压力逐渐增加，第二进液单向阀42的进液阀芯412在进液弹簧413的弹力和正压力的作用下紧抵进液阀座411，将进液阀口414关闭。第二出液单向阀44的出液阀芯432在正压力的作用下克服出液弹簧433的弹性力，离开出液阀座431，将出液阀口434打开。第二工作腔12A内的空气通过出液阀口434、液体排出通道15和出液管连接接头5后排出。活塞杆2从开始由左向右运动起至向右运动到右止点即完成了一个循环周期的前半周期。
在活塞泵100的第一个循环周期的后半周期，电机驱动活塞杆2由右向左(第二方向)运动，安装在活塞杆2上的活塞同步由右向左运动，使第二工作腔12A的体积逐渐加大，产生负压，第二出液单向阀44的出液阀芯432在出液弹簧433的弹力和负压力的共同作用下将出液阀口434关闭，而第二进液单向阀42的进液阀芯412在负压作用下克服了进液弹簧413的弹性力，向下移动，进而使进液阀口414被打开。装在储液容器200内的涂料或其它液体，经 过进液固定空心螺柱74、第二进液单向阀42的进液阀口414流入第二工作腔12A；与此同时，第一工作腔11A的体积逐渐减小，第一工作腔11A的压力逐渐增加，第一进液单向阀41的进液阀芯412在进液弹簧413的弹力和正压力的作用下紧抵进液阀座411，将进液阀口414关闭。第一出液单向阀43的出液阀芯432在正压力的作用下克服出液弹簧433的弹性力，离开出液阀座431，将出液阀口434打开。第一工作腔11A内的涂料或其它液体通过出液阀口434、液体排出通道15和出液管连接接头5后排出到喷枪开始喷涂或喷洒作业。活塞杆2从开始由右向左运动起至向左运动到左止点即完成了一个循环周期的后半周期。至此，由前半周期和后半周期所组成的一个循环周期完成。
后续的每个循环周期的工作过程与前述的第一个循环周期的过程相类似，在每个循环周期的前半周期，第一进液单向阀41打开且第一出液单向阀43关闭，装在储液容器200内的涂料或其它液体通过第一进液单向阀41流入第一工作腔11A内，第二进液单向阀42关闭且第二出液单向阀44打开，第二工作腔12A内的涂料或其它液体通过出液阀口434、液体排出通道15和出液管连接接头5后排出到喷枪开始喷涂或喷洒作业；在每个循环周期的后半周期，第一进液单向阀41关闭且第一出液单向阀43打开，第一工作腔11A内的涂料或其它液体通过出液阀口434、液体排出通道15和出液管连接接头5后排出到喷枪开始喷涂或喷洒作业，第二进液单向阀42打开且第二出液单向阀44关闭，储液容器200内的涂料或其它液体通过第二进液单向阀42流入第二工作腔12A内。也就是说，无论活塞杆2是从右向左运动或者是从左向右运动，无论是在前半周期还是后半周期，本实施例的无气喷涂机都能实施喷涂或喷洒作用，因此，本实施例的无气喷涂机实现了双向全周期连续作业。
在异常作业或工作压力超过设定值时，流入泵体1内的涂料或液体的压力会推动泄压阀芯62压缩泄压弹簧63，使阀球622离开泄压阀座61，将泄压阀口64打开，涂料或液体通过泄压阀口64、泄压接口66排出，从而可保护泵体1和操作人员的安全。较佳地，泄压接口66通过管路连通于储液容器200，排泄的涂料和液体流入储液容器200内循环使用。
本实施例利用活塞杆往复运动的特点，通过安装在活塞杆中间的活塞，把活塞杆腔分隔为两个工作腔，每个工作腔均具有进液通道和出液通道，可独立 完成进液和出液作业，排出的液体从同一个出口流入到外部管道，实现连续进液和出液循环，解决了现有技术中有半个周期不能作业的问题。
工业应用性
本发明实施例的活塞泵可以在循环周期的前半周期实现第一工作腔进液，第二工作腔出液，在循环周期的后半周期实现第一工作腔出液，第二工作腔进液，中间没有间隔和停顿，从而能够实现双向全周期连续地出液喷涂或出液喷洒作业，提高了喷涂或喷洒的效率。

Claims (9)

  1. 一种双向活塞泵，包括泵体、活塞杆和活塞；所述泵体设有活塞杆腔，所述活塞杆穿过所述活塞杆腔，并可在外力的驱动下沿轴向往复运动；其特征在于，所述活塞套设于所述活塞杆外，并将所述活塞杆腔分隔为彼此密封的第一工作腔和第二工作腔；
    所述泵体设有第一进液通道、第二进液通道、第一出液通道和第二出液通道，所述第一进液通道和所述第一出液通道分别与第一工作腔连通，所述第二进液通道和所述第二出液通道分别与所述第二工作腔连通，在第一进液通道、第二进液通道、第一出液通道和第二出液通道分别设有第一进液单向阀、第二进液单向阀、第一出液单向阀和第二出液单向阀；
    当所述活塞杆沿第一方向移动时，所述第一工作腔体积增大形成负压，所述第二工作腔体积减小形成正压，使所述第一进液单向阀打开且所述第一出液单向阀关闭，所述第二进液单向阀关闭且所述第二出液单向阀打开；当所述活塞杆沿第二方向移动时，所述第一工作腔体积减小形成正压，所述第二工作腔体积增大形成负压，使所述第一进液单向阀关闭且所述第一出液单向阀打开，所述第二进液单向阀打开且所述第二出液单向阀关闭；所述第二方向与所述第一方向相反。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的双向活塞泵，其特征在于，所述活塞杆水平设置；所述第一进液通道和所述第二进液通道位于所述活塞杆腔的上方，所述第一出液通道和所述第二出液通道位于所述活塞杆腔的下方。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的双向活塞泵，其特征在于，每一进液单向阀包括进液阀座、进液阀芯以及进液弹簧；
    所述进液阀座设置于所述泵体，所述进液阀座设有进液阀口；所述进液阀芯位于所述进液阀座靠近所述活塞杆腔的一侧，所述进液弹簧抵接所述进液阀芯，以使进液阀芯关闭所述进液阀口。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的双向活塞泵，其特征在于，每一出液单向阀包括出液阀座、出液阀芯以及出液弹簧；
    所述出液阀座固定于对应的出液通道内，所述出液阀座设有出液阀口；所述出液阀芯位于所述出液阀座远离所述活塞杆腔的一侧，所述出液弹簧抵接所述出液阀芯，以使出液阀芯关闭所述出液阀口。
  5. 如权利要求1所述的双向活塞泵，其特征在于，所述泵体具有液体排出通道，所述液体排出通道连通所述第一出液通道和所述第二出液通道，以接受从第一出液单向阀和第二出液单向阀流出的液体；
    所述液体排出通道的一端设有出液管连接接头，所述液体排出通道的另一端设有泄压单向阀。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的双向活塞泵，其特征在于，所述泄压单向阀包括泄压阀座、泄压阀芯和泄压弹簧；
    所述泄压阀座设有泄压阀口；所述泄压阀芯位于所述泄压阀座的外侧，所述泄压弹簧抵接所述泄压阀芯，以使泄压阀芯关闭所述泄压阀口。
  7. 如权利要求1所述的双向活塞泵，其特征在于，所述双向活塞泵包括活塞密封圈，所述活塞密封圈套设于所述活塞杆外，并靠近所述活塞。
  8. 如权利要求7所述的双向活塞泵，其特征在于，所述活塞和所述活塞密封圈的数量均为两个；
    所述活塞杆的杆身设有沿径向凸出的三道凸环，其中一个活塞和一个活塞密封圈设置在中间凸环与位于该中间凸环一侧的那一个凸环之间，另一个活塞和另一个活塞密封圈设置在中间凸环与位于该中间凸环另一侧的那一个凸环之间。
  9. 一种无气喷涂机，其特征在于，包括储液容器以及如权利要求1至8任意一项所述的双向活塞泵；
    所述储液容器的下端与所述双向活塞泵的泵体上端相连；所述储液容器具有第一出液口和第二出液口，所述第一出液口和所述第二出液口分别连通于所述双向活塞泵的第一进液通道和第二进液通道。
PCT/CN2021/094455 2021-01-28 2021-05-18 双向活塞泵及其无气喷涂机 WO2022160515A1 (zh)

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