WO2022160194A1 - 功率转换设备的预充电的方法和功率转换设备 - Google Patents

功率转换设备的预充电的方法和功率转换设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022160194A1
WO2022160194A1 PCT/CN2021/074196 CN2021074196W WO2022160194A1 WO 2022160194 A1 WO2022160194 A1 WO 2022160194A1 CN 2021074196 W CN2021074196 W CN 2021074196W WO 2022160194 A1 WO2022160194 A1 WO 2022160194A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
charging
message
conversion device
power conversion
power
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2021/074196
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
孙卫平
但志敏
李占良
熊淑云
颜昱
Original Assignee
宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Application filed by 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 filed Critical 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司
Priority to CN202180041724.9A priority Critical patent/CN115803983B/zh
Priority to HUE21755886A priority patent/HUE061433T2/hu
Priority to EP21755886.5A priority patent/EP4057473B1/en
Priority to PCT/CN2021/074196 priority patent/WO2022160194A1/zh
Priority to US17/459,220 priority patent/US20220239127A1/en
Publication of WO2022160194A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022160194A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/30—Constructional details of charging stations
    • B60L53/31—Charging columns specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/60—Monitoring or controlling charging stations
    • B60L53/62—Monitoring or controlling charging stations in response to charging parameters, e.g. current, voltage or electrical charge
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/60—Monitoring or controlling charging stations
    • B60L53/63—Monitoring or controlling charging stations in response to network capacity
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/60—Monitoring or controlling charging stations
    • B60L53/66—Data transfer between charging stations and vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/12—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries responding to state of charge [SoC]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/00032—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries characterised by data exchange
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2270/00—Problem solutions or means not otherwise provided for
    • B60L2270/20—Inrush current reduction, i.e. avoiding high currents when connecting the battery
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
    • G01R31/382—Arrangements for monitoring battery or accumulator variables, e.g. SoC
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0047—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with monitoring or indicating devices or circuits
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/12—Electric charging stations

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular, to a method for precharging a power conversion device and a power conversion device.
  • Electric vehicles have become an important part of the sustainable development of the automobile industry due to their advantages of energy saving and environmental protection.
  • battery technology is an important factor in its development.
  • how to ensure the normal progress of the charging process is a technical problem to be solved.
  • the present application provides a method for precharging a power conversion device and a power conversion device, which can ensure the normal progress of the charging process.
  • a method for precharging a power conversion device is provided, the power conversion device is used for power conversion between a charging pile and a power battery, and the method includes: the power conversion device receives the power A first message sent by a battery management system of a battery, where the first message is used to indicate that the battery management system is ready for charging; the power conversion device performs precharging, and the precharging includes: converting the power The capacitor in the device is charged; after the pre-charging is completed, the power conversion device forwards the first message to the charging pile.
  • the pre-charging of the power conversion device after the pre-charging of the power conversion device is completed, it forwards the charging ready message of the BMS to the charging pile, which can prevent the charging pile from outputting high voltage when the pre-charging of the power conversion device is not completed, thereby ensuring that The normal operation of the charging process and the safety of charging.
  • the method further includes: receiving, by the power conversion device, a second message sent by the charging pile, where the second message is used to indicate that the charging pile is ready for charging; The power conversion device forwards the second message to the battery management system.
  • performing the precharging by the power conversion device includes: performing the precharging when the power conversion device determines that the power conversion device is in a normal state.
  • the method further includes: during the precharging process, the power conversion device detects a state of the power conversion device, if the state of the power conversion device is abnormal precharging state, the power conversion device performs abnormal processing.
  • the method further includes: after determining that the precharging is completed, the power conversion device ends the precharging.
  • a method for precharging a power conversion device is provided, the power conversion device is used for power conversion between a charging pile and a power battery, the power conversion device includes: a control unit and a power unit, the The method includes: when the power unit is in a normal state, the control unit sends a precharge instruction to the power unit; the power unit starts precharge according to the precharge instruction, and the precharge includes: The capacitors in the power cells are charged.
  • control unit controls the power unit to pre-charge according to the state of the power unit, so as to realize the charging of the capacitor in the power conversion device. In this way, in the subsequent charging process of the power battery, the capacitor will not be charged again. A large pulse current is induced, so as to ensure the normal progress of the charging process and the safety of charging.
  • the method further includes: before sending the precharge instruction to the power unit, the control unit sends an invalid precharge instruction to the power unit; in response to the invalid precharge instruction The power unit sends a first status message to the control unit, and the first status message carries the state of the power unit; the control unit determines the state of the power unit according to the first status message. state of the power unit.
  • the method further includes: after starting the pre-charging, the power unit detects the state of the power unit, and sends a second state message to the control unit, the first The state of the power unit is carried in the two-state message.
  • the method further includes: when the power unit is in an abnormal state of precharging, the control unit performs abnormal processing.
  • the method further includes: after the pre-charging is completed, the power unit sends a pre-charging completion message to the control unit; the control unit sends a pre-charging completion message according to the pre-charging completion message The text sends an end precharging command to the power unit.
  • the method further includes: the control unit receives the first data sent by the battery management system of the power battery. message, where the first message is used to indicate that the battery management system is ready for charging.
  • the method further includes: after the pre-charging is completed, the control unit forwards the first message to the charging pile; the control unit receives the transmission from the charging pile The second message is used to indicate that the charging pile is ready for charging; the control unit forwards the second message to the battery management system.
  • the control unit forwards the charging ready message of the BMS to the charging pile, which can prevent the charging pile from outputting high voltage when the pre-charging of the power conversion device is not completed, thereby ensuring charging The normal operation of the process and the safety of charging.
  • the method further includes: the control unit forwarding the first message to the charging pile; the control unit receives the second message sent by the charging pile, the The second message is used to indicate that the charging pile is ready for charging; if the pre-charging is not completed, the control unit sends a suspend output message to the charging pile, and the suspend output message is used to indicate the charging The pile suspends output charging power.
  • the control unit when the pre-charging of the power conversion equipment has not been completed, the control unit makes the charging pile suspend the output by sending a suspend output message to the charging pile, so as to prevent the output of high voltage from the charging pile from causing the power conversion equipment to suspend output.
  • the capacitor generates a large pulse current, thereby ensuring the normal progress of the charging process and the safety of charging.
  • the method further includes: the control unit forwarding the first message to the charging pile; the control unit receives the second message sent by the charging pile, the The second message is used to indicate that the charging pile is ready for charging; if the pre-charging is not completed, the control unit sends a charging request message to the charging pile, and the charging request message carries the required current value, so the The demand current value is the minimum value of the demand current.
  • the control unit when the pre-charging of the power conversion device has not been completed, sends the minimum value of the required current to the charging pile, so that the charging pile outputs the current according to the minimum value of the required current, so as to avoid charging
  • the large output current of the pile causes the capacitor in the power conversion device to generate a large pulse current, so as to ensure the normal progress of the charging process and the safety of charging.
  • a power conversion device is provided, the power conversion device is used for power conversion between a charging pile and a power battery, and the power conversion device includes: a receiving module for receiving a battery of the power battery a first message sent by a management system, where the first message is used to indicate that the battery management system is ready for charging; a processing module, configured to perform pre-charging, where the pre-charging includes: charging a battery in the power conversion device The capacitor is charged; the sending module is configured to forward the first message to the charging pile after the pre-charging is completed.
  • the receiving module is further configured to receive a second message sent by the charging pile, where the second message is used to indicate that the charging pile is ready for charging; the sending module is further for forwarding the second message to the battery management system.
  • the processing module is configured to perform the precharging when it is determined that the power conversion device is in a normal state.
  • the processing module is configured to, during the precharging process, detect the state of the power conversion device, and if the state of the power conversion device is a precharging abnormal state, perform an abnormal state deal with.
  • the processing module is configured to, after determining that the precharging is completed, end the precharging.
  • a power conversion device is provided, the power conversion device is used for power conversion between a charging pile and a power battery, the power conversion device includes: a control unit and a power unit; the control unit is used for When the power unit is in a normal state, send a precharge instruction to the power unit; the power unit is configured to start precharge according to the precharge instruction, and the precharge includes: capacitors are charged.
  • control unit is further configured to, before sending the precharge command to the power unit, send an invalid precharge command to the power unit;
  • the power unit is further configured to: In response to the invalid precharge instruction, send a first state message to the control unit, where the first state message carries the state of the power unit;
  • the control unit is further configured to determine the state of the power unit according to the first state message to determine the state of the power unit.
  • the power unit is further configured to, after starting the pre-charging, detect the state of the power unit, and send a second state message to the control unit, the second state The state of the power unit is carried in the message.
  • control unit is further configured to perform abnormal processing when the power unit is in an abnormal state of precharging.
  • the power unit is further configured to send a precharge completion message to the control unit after the precharge is completed; the control unit is further configured to, according to the precharge The completion message sends an end precharging command to the power unit.
  • control unit is further configured to, before sending the precharge command to the power unit, receive a first message sent by the battery management system of the power battery, the first message A message is used to indicate that the battery management system is ready for charging.
  • control unit is further configured to, after the pre-charging is completed, forward the first message to the charging pile; receive the second message sent by the charging pile, The second message is used to indicate that the charging pile is ready for charging; and the second message is forwarded to the battery management system.
  • control unit is further configured to forward the first message to the charging pile; receive a second message sent by the charging pile, where the second message is used for Indicates that the charging pile is ready for charging; if the pre-charging is not completed, a suspend output message is sent to the charging pile, and the suspend output message is used to instruct the charging pile to suspend outputting charging power.
  • control unit is further configured to forward the first message to the charging pile; receive a second message sent by the charging pile, where the second message is used for Indicates that the charging pile is ready for charging; if the pre-charging is not completed, a charging demand message is sent to the charging pile, the charging demand message carries a demand current value, and the demand current value is the minimum value of the demand current .
  • a power conversion device comprising a memory and a processor, the memory is used for storing instructions, and the processor is used for reading the instructions and executing the above-mentioned first aspect and the first aspect based on the instructions A method in any possible implementation of the second aspect, or a method in any possible implementation of the second aspect and the second aspect.
  • a readable storage medium for storing a computer program, and the computer program is used to execute the above-mentioned first aspect and the method in any possible implementation manner of the first aspect, or, the second aspect and The method in any possible implementation of the second aspect.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an application architecture of a power conversion device disclosed in an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic flowchart of a method for precharging a power conversion device disclosed in an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 3 is an interactive flowchart of a precharging method disclosed in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic flowchart of a method for precharging a power conversion device disclosed in another embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is an interactive flowchart of a precharging method disclosed by another embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 6 is an interactive flowchart of a precharging method disclosed by another embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic flowchart of a method for precharging a power conversion device disclosed in another embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic block diagram of a power conversion device disclosed in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic block diagram of a power conversion device disclosed in another embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic block diagram of a power conversion device disclosed in another embodiment of the present application.
  • a power battery is a battery that provides a power source for an electrical device.
  • the power battery can be a power battery.
  • the power battery can be a lithium-ion battery, a lithium-metal battery, a lead-acid battery, a nickel-separator battery, a nickel-metal hydride battery, a lithium-sulfur battery, a lithium-air battery, or a sodium-ion battery.
  • the power battery in the embodiment of the present application may be a battery cell/battery cell, or a battery module or a battery pack, which is not specifically limited in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the electrical device may be a vehicle, a ship, or a spacecraft, etc., which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • the battery management system (BMS) of the power battery is a safe control system for protecting the power battery, and implements functions such as charge and discharge management, high voltage control, battery protection, battery data collection, and battery status evaluation.
  • the charging pile also known as the charger, is a device for charging the power battery.
  • the charging pile can output charging power according to the charging requirements of the BMS to charge the power battery.
  • the charging pile can output voltage and current according to the demanded voltage and demanded current sent by the BMS.
  • the range of voltage and current that the charging pile can output cannot match the power battery.
  • the minimum voltage or current that the charging pile can output may also cause lithium precipitation during the charging process, making it impossible to charge the power battery normally.
  • power conversion may also be required between the charging pile and the power battery, such as: voltage change, current change, power state change, current, voltage, power timing change, etc.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a power conversion device, which can perform power conversion between a charging pile and a power battery.
  • the power conversion device converts the power type output by the charging pile to the power type required by the power battery.
  • the power conversion device can convert the DC power output by the charging pile into pulse power, or change the voltage value, change the current value, or change the timing of the voltage and current, etc.
  • the present application provides a method for precharging a power conversion device.
  • precharging a capacitor in the power conversion device it is possible to avoid damage to devices on the charging circuit caused by the high pulse current caused by the capacitor in the power conversion device, Ensure the normal operation of the charging process and the safety of charging.
  • precharging may also be referred to as “precharging”, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an application architecture of a power conversion device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the power conversion device 110 is disposed between the charging pile 120 and the BMS of the power battery, that is, the power conversion device 110 is connected to the charging pile 120 and the BMS 130 respectively, and the charging pile 120 is not directly connected to the BMS 130 .
  • the charging pile 120 when charging the power battery, the charging pile 120 is directly connected to the BMS 130, and then starts the charging process to charge the power battery. As mentioned above, in some cases, the charging pile 120 may not be able to directly charge the power battery normally. Therefore, in the embodiment of the present application, a power conversion device 110 is added to perform power conversion between the charging pile 120 and the power battery.
  • the power conversion device 110 may include a control unit 111 and a power unit 112 .
  • the control unit 111 is responsible for detecting the state of the charging pile 120 and the BMS 130 during the charging process; the control unit 111 is connected to the charging pile 120 and the BMS 130 through the communication line 140 respectively, so as to exchange information with the charging pile 120 and the BMS 130 respectively.
  • the control unit 111 is also connected to the power unit 112 through the communication line 140 to exchange information with the power unit 112 and control the power unit 112 to perform power conversion.
  • the communication line 140 may be a Controller Area Network (CAN) communication line.
  • CAN Controller Area Network
  • the power unit 112 is responsible for converting the power type output by the charging pile 120 to the power type required by the power battery according to the instruction of the control unit 111 .
  • the power unit 112 and the control unit 111 are connected through a communication line 140 for information exchange.
  • a communication protocol may be configured between the control unit 111 and the power unit 112 , for example, to define the syntax, semantics, and timing of communication, so as to ensure normal interaction between the control unit 111 and the power unit 112 .
  • a control strategy can be configured on the control unit 111 .
  • the control unit 111 determines the state of the current charging process by analyzing the charging messages of the charging pile 120 and the BMS 130, so as to control the power unit 112 to perform corresponding operations. For example, when the precharge condition is satisfied, the power unit 112 is controlled to perform a precharge operation.
  • the control unit 111 communicates with the power unit 112 to obtain the status of the power unit 112 to perform corresponding operations. For example, when the power unit 112 reports a fault, the control unit 111 sends a command to stop precharging in time.
  • the power unit 112 is respectively connected to the charging pile 120 and the BMS 130 through the high voltage line 150, so as to convert the charging power output by the charging pile 120 through the high voltage line 150 and output it to the BMS to charge the power battery.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a precharging solution for the power conversion device 110 to solve the above problems.
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic flowchart of a method 200 for precharging a power conversion device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the power conversion device is used for power conversion between the charging pile and the power battery.
  • the power conversion device may be the power conversion device 110 in FIG. 1 .
  • the power conversion device receives a first packet sent by a battery management system of a power battery, where the first packet is used to indicate that the battery management system is ready for charging.
  • the charging pile and the BMS first prepare for charging. During this period, the power conversion device forwards the message between the charging pile and the BMS without changing the content of the message. After the BMS is ready, the BMS sends a first message indicating that the BMS is ready for charging. Since a power conversion device is set between the charging pile and the BMS, the first message arrives at the power conversion device first.
  • the power conversion device is precharged, and the precharge includes: charging a capacitor in the power conversion device.
  • the power conversion device After the power conversion device receives the first message, it starts precharging. At this time, the BMS is ready, so the power conversion device can use the voltage of the power battery to charge the capacitor in the power conversion device.
  • the power conversion device forwards the first message to the charging pile.
  • the charging can be carried out normally.
  • the BMS charging ready message can be sent to the charging pile, so that the charging pile is ready for charging.
  • the charging pile After the charging pile receives the ready-to-charge message from the BMS, it will also pre-charge, that is, use the voltage of the power battery to charge the capacitor in the charging pile.
  • the precharging process of the power conversion device may last for a long time, that is, if the power conversion device and the charging pile start precharging at the same time, the charging pile may complete the charging preparation before the precharging of the power conversion device is completed. If the charging pile outputs high voltage at this time, it may still cause the capacitor in the power conversion device to generate a large pulse current, which affects the normal progress of the charging process.
  • the pre-charging of the power conversion device after the pre-charging of the power conversion device is completed, it forwards the charging ready message of the BMS to the charging pile, which can prevent the charging pile from outputting high voltage when the pre-charging of the power conversion device is not completed, thereby ensuring that The normal operation of the charging process and the safety of charging.
  • the power conversion device is pre-charged first, and after the pre-charge of the power conversion device is completed, the charging pile is pre-charged. That is, the power conversion device and the charging pile are pre-charged successively.
  • FIG. 3 shows an interactive flowchart of a precharging method according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the power conversion device, the charging pile, and the BMS in FIG. 3 may be the power conversion device 110, the charging pile 120, and the BMS 130 in FIG. 1, respectively.
  • the BMS sends a first packet.
  • the BMS After the BMS is ready, it sends the first message that the charging is ready to the charging pile, so that the charging pile confirms that the BMS is ready to be charged.
  • the first packet of the BMS is first sent to the power conversion device.
  • the power conversion device starts to precharge.
  • the power conversion device After the power conversion device receives the first message, it starts precharging.
  • the power conversion device forwards the first message to the charging pile.
  • the charging pile sends a second message.
  • the charging pile After receiving the first message, the charging pile prepares for charging, for example, performs pre-charging, and determines whether the output voltage is within the normal range. After being ready, the charging pile sends a second message indicating that the charging pile is ready for charging, so that the BMS confirms that the charging pile is ready to output. The second message of the charging pile is first sent to the power conversion device.
  • the power conversion device forwards the second packet to the BMS.
  • the power conversion device Since the power conversion device has completed pre-charging, that is, charging can be performed normally, after receiving the second message sent by the charging pile, the power conversion device forwards the second message to the BMS. In this way, the BMS and the charging pile can continue the subsequent charging process.
  • the power conversion device and the charging pile are precharged successively, so that the charging pile can output a high voltage after the precharge of the power conversion device is completed, so as to ensure the normal progress of the charging process and the safety of charging.
  • the power conversion device and the charging pile are pre-charged successively.
  • the power conversion device and the charging pile may also be pre-charged at the same time, and the solution will be described below.
  • FIG. 4 shows a schematic flowchart of a method 400 for precharging a power conversion device according to another embodiment of the present application.
  • the power conversion device is used for power conversion between the charging pile and the power battery.
  • the power conversion device may be the power conversion device 110 in FIG. 1 .
  • the power conversion device receives a first packet sent by a battery management system of a power battery, where the first packet is used to indicate that the battery management system is ready to be charged.
  • the charging pile and the BMS first prepare for charging. During this period, the power conversion device forwards the message between the charging pile and the BMS without changing the content of the message. After the BMS is ready, the BMS sends a first message indicating that the BMS is ready for charging. Since a power conversion device is set between the charging pile and the BMS, the first message arrives at the power conversion device first.
  • the power conversion device forwards the first message to the charging pile, and performs precharging, where the precharging includes: charging a capacitor in the power conversion device.
  • the power conversion device After receiving the first message, the power conversion device forwards the first message to the charging pile without changing the content of the message. At the same time, the power conversion device is precharged. At this time, the BMS is ready, so the power conversion device can use the voltage of the power battery to charge the capacitor in the power conversion device. Since the power conversion device has simultaneously sent the BMS charging ready message to the charging pile, the charging pile can also be pre-charged at the same time, that is, the capacitor in the charging pile can be charged by using the voltage of the power battery. In this case, the power conversion device and the charging pile are pre-charged at the same time.
  • the power conversion device charges the capacitor in the power conversion device after receiving the charging ready message from the BMS, so that in the subsequent charging process of the power battery, the capacitor will not cause any more pulses High current, so as to ensure the normal progress of the charging process and the safety of charging.
  • FIG. 5 shows an interactive flowchart of a precharging method according to another embodiment of the present application.
  • the power conversion device, the charging pile, and the BMS in FIG. 5 may be the power conversion device 110, the charging pile 120, and the BMS 130 in FIG. 1, respectively.
  • the BMS sends a first packet.
  • the BMS After the BMS is ready, it sends the first message that the charging is ready to the charging pile, so that the charging pile confirms that the BMS is ready to be charged.
  • the first packet of the BMS is first sent to the power conversion device.
  • the power conversion device forwards the first message to the charging pile.
  • the power conversion device starts precharging.
  • the power conversion device starts precharging while forwarding the first message to the charging pile.
  • the charging pile sends a second message.
  • the charging pile After receiving the first message, the charging pile prepares for charging, for example, performs pre-charging, and determines whether the output voltage is within the normal range. After being ready, the charging pile sends a second message indicating that the charging pile is ready for charging, so that the BMS confirms that the charging pile is ready to output. The second message of the charging pile is first sent to the power conversion device.
  • the precharging process of the power conversion device may last for a long time, when the power conversion device receives the second message sent by the charging pile, the precharging process of the power conversion device may not be completed.
  • the power conversion device may process as follows.
  • the power conversion device sends a pause output message to the charging pile.
  • the power conversion device sends a suspend output message to the charging pile, and the suspend output message is used to instruct the charging pile to suspend outputting the charging power.
  • the charging pile sends a second message indicating that the charging pile is ready to output.
  • the power conversion device can cause the charging pile to suspend output by sending a suspend output message to the charging pile.
  • the power conversion device may send a pause output message to the charging pile in the following manner.
  • the power conversion device forwards the second packet to the BMS.
  • the BMS sends a battery charging request message.
  • the BMS After receiving the second message from the charging pile, the BMS confirms that the charging pile is ready to output, and therefore sends a battery charging request message to the charging pile.
  • the battery charging demand message includes the charging demand of the power battery, for example, demanded voltage, demanded current, and the like.
  • the power conversion device forwards the battery charging demand message to the charging pile.
  • the power conversion device sends a pause output message to the charging pile.
  • the power battery status information message may be used in the pause output message, in which the charging permission field is set to "prohibited", thereby prohibiting the charging pile from outputting charging power.
  • the power conversion device may perform the following processing.
  • the power conversion device sends an output permission message to the charging pile.
  • the power conversion device sends an output permission message to the charging pile, where the output permission message is used to instruct the charging pile to output charging power.
  • the charging can be carried out normally, and the charging pile can be allowed to output normally at this time.
  • the output permitting message may be a power battery status information message, and the charging permitting field therein is set to "allowed", thereby allowing the charging pile to output charging power.
  • the power conversion device when the pre-charging of the power conversion device has not been completed, the power conversion device sends a suspend output message to the charging pile to suspend the output of the charging pile, so as to avoid the output of high voltage from the charging pile causing the power conversion equipment
  • the capacitor generates a large pulse current, so as to ensure the normal progress of the charging process and the safety of charging.
  • FIG. 6 shows an interactive flowchart of a precharging method according to another embodiment of the present application.
  • the power conversion device, the charging pile, and the BMS in FIG. 6 may be the power conversion device 110, the charging pile 120, and the BMS 130 in FIG. 1, respectively.
  • Steps 601 to 604 in FIG. 6 are the same as steps 501 to 504 in FIG. 5 , and reference may be made to the related description of FIG. 5 , which is not repeated here for brevity.
  • the power conversion device sends a charging demand message to the charging pile.
  • the power conversion device sends a charging demand message to the charging pile, where the charging demand message carries a demand current value, and the demand current value is the minimum value of the demand current.
  • the charging pile sends a second message indicating that the charging pile is ready to output.
  • the power conversion device can send the minimum value of the required current to the charging pile, so that the charging pile can output the current according to the minimum value of the required current.
  • the current output by the charging pile is very small, so that it does not cause the capacitors in the power conversion equipment to generate high pulse currents.
  • the power conversion device may send a charging demand message to the charging pile in the following manner.
  • the power conversion device forwards the second packet to the BMS.
  • the BMS sends a battery charging request message.
  • the BMS After receiving the second message from the charging pile, the BMS confirms that the charging pile is ready to output, and therefore sends a battery charging request message to the charging pile.
  • the battery charging demand message includes the charging demand of the power battery, for example, demanded voltage, demanded current, and the like.
  • the power conversion device modifies the demand current in the battery charging demand message sent by the BMS to the minimum value of the demand current, and obtains a new charging demand message.
  • the minimum value of the demand current may be zero, but this is not limited in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the power conversion device sends the charging demand message to the charging pile.
  • the demand current value in the charging demand message is the minimum value of the demand current, so that the charging pile outputs current according to the minimum value of the demand current.
  • the power conversion device may perform the following processing.
  • the power conversion device sends a charging demand message to the charging pile.
  • the power conversion device sends a charging demand message to the charging pile, where the charging demand message carries a demand current value, and the demand current value is the actual value of the current demand current.
  • the charging can be carried out normally. Therefore, the demand current value in the charging demand message sent to the charging pile is the actual value of the current demand current. That is to say, in this case, the power conversion device can directly forward the battery charging request message sent by the BMS to the charging pile without modification.
  • the power conversion device when the pre-charging of the power conversion device has not been completed, the power conversion device sends the minimum value of the required current to the charging pile, so that the charging pile outputs the current according to the minimum value of the required current, so as to avoid
  • the large current output by the charging pile causes the capacitor in the power conversion device to generate a large pulse current, so as to ensure the normal progress of the charging process and the safety of charging.
  • the power conversion device can also detect the state of the power conversion device during pre-charging.
  • the precharging is performed when the power conversion device determines that the power conversion device is in a normal state.
  • the power conversion device detects the state of the power conversion device during the pre-charging process, and if the state of the power conversion device is a pre-charging abnormal state, the The power conversion device performs abnormal processing.
  • the abnormal state of pre-charging may include: pre-charging failure, pre-charging timeout, not entering pre-charging, and the like.
  • the power conversion device after determining that the precharging is completed, ends the precharging. If the precharging is performed normally, after determining that the precharging is completed, the power conversion device ends the precharging.
  • the precharging process of the power conversion device is described below by taking the power conversion device including a control unit and a power unit as an example.
  • the power conversion device may be the power conversion device 110 in FIG. 1 , including a control unit 111 and a power unit 112 .
  • FIG. 7 shows a schematic flowchart of a method for precharging a power conversion device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the power conversion device is used for power conversion between the charging pile and the power battery, and the power conversion device includes a control unit and a power unit.
  • control unit sends a precharging instruction to the power unit.
  • the power unit starts precharging according to the precharging instruction, where the precharging includes: charging a capacitor in the power unit.
  • the precharging of the power conversion device is performed by the control unit controlling the power unit.
  • the control unit sends a precharge command to the power unit to start the precharge.
  • the power unit waits for a precharge command, and starts to precharge when the precharge command is received.
  • control unit may determine the state of the power unit in the following manner.
  • control unit Before sending the precharge command to the power unit, the control unit sends an invalid precharge command to the power unit.
  • the invalid precharge command is used to trigger the power unit to detect the state of the power unit.
  • the power unit In response to the invalid precharging instruction, the power unit sends a first status packet to the control unit, where the first status packet carries the status of the power unit.
  • the power unit After receiving the invalid precharge command, the power unit starts to work, detects the current state of the power unit, and sends the state of the power unit to the control unit through the first state message.
  • the state of the power unit in the first state message may be expressed as: 0 initialization; 1 normal state; 2 fault state; 3 invalid state.
  • 0 initialization state means waiting for initialization; 1 normal state, means that the power unit can be precharged; 2 fault state, means failure; 3 invalid state, means that precharge cannot be performed.
  • the control unit determines the state of the power unit according to the first state message.
  • the control unit sends a precharging instruction to the power unit in 710 .
  • the control unit will wait until the state of the power unit is 1 normal state.
  • the control unit will enter the corresponding fault processing mode and stop precharging.
  • the state of the power unit is 3 invalid states, pre-charging cannot be performed, and the control unit will also enter the corresponding fault processing mode to stop pre-charging.
  • the power unit and the control unit may further perform the following operations.
  • the power unit detects the status of the power unit, and sends a second status packet to the control unit, where the second status packet carries the status of the power unit.
  • the power unit continuously detects its own state and sends the second state message to the control unit.
  • the state of the power unit in the second status message may include: 0 not in precharging; 1 precharging in progress; 2 precharging timeout; 3 precharging failure; 4 successful precharging.
  • 0 does not enter the pre-charge it means that it fails to enter the pre-charge state
  • 1 is pre-charged it means that it enters the pre-charge state normally
  • 2 the pre-charge timeout means that the pre-charge is not completed within the predetermined time (for example, 5 seconds) after receiving the pre-charge command
  • Pre-charging failure indicating that the pre-charging is faulty
  • Pre-charging is successful indicating that the pre-charging is completed within a predetermined time (for example, 5 seconds) after receiving the pre-charging command.
  • the abnormal state of pre-charging may include not entering pre-charging, pre-charging timeout, pre-charging failure, etc.
  • the control unit performs abnormal processing.
  • the power unit After the precharging is completed, the power unit sends a precharging completion message to the control unit.
  • the pre-charging completion message may be one of the foregoing second status messages, that is, the second status message indicates that the pre-charging is successful.
  • the control unit sends an end precharging instruction to the power unit according to the precharging completion message. At this point, the pre-charging process ends.
  • control unit controls the power unit to pre-charge according to the state of the power unit, so as to realize the charging of the capacitor in the power conversion device. In this way, in the subsequent charging process of the power battery, the capacitor will not be charged again. A large pulse current is induced, so as to ensure the normal progress of the charging process and the safety of charging.
  • control unit is responsible for the interaction with the charging pile and the BMS. That is, the control unit can also perform the following operations.
  • the control unit before the control unit sends the precharge instruction to the power unit, the control unit receives the first message sent by the battery management system of the power battery, The first message is used to indicate that the battery management system is ready for charging.
  • the control unit forwards the first message to the charging pile; the control unit receives the second message sent by the charging pile. message, the second message is used to indicate that the charging pile is ready for charging; the control unit forwards the second message to the battery management system.
  • control unit forwards the first message to the charging pile; the control unit receives a second message sent by the charging pile, the second message is The message is used to indicate that the charging pile is ready for charging; if the pre-charging is not completed, the control unit sends a suspend output message to the charging pile, and the suspend output message is used to instruct the charging pile to suspend output charging power.
  • the control unit forwards the first message to the charging pile; the control unit receives a second message sent by the charging pile, the second message is The message is used to indicate that the charging pile is ready for charging; if the pre-charging is not completed, the control unit sends a charging demand message to the charging pile, and the charging demand message carries the demand current value, and the demand current The value is the minimum value of the demand current.
  • FIG. 8 shows a schematic block diagram of a power conversion device 800 according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the power conversion device 800 includes: a receiving module 810 , a sending module 820 and a processing module 830 .
  • the receiving module 810 is configured to receive a first message sent by a battery management system of the power battery, where the first message is used to indicate that the battery management system is ready for charging; a processing module 830, for pre-charging, the pre-charging comprising: charging the capacitor in the power conversion device; the sending module 820, for forwarding the first charging point to the charging pile after the pre-charging is completed message.
  • the receiving module 810 is further configured to receive a second message sent by the charging pile, where the second message is used to indicate that the charging pile is ready for charging; the sending module 820 is further configured to send a message to the charging pile.
  • the battery management system forwards the second message.
  • the processing module 830 is configured to perform the precharging when it is determined that the power conversion device is in a normal state.
  • the processing module 830 is configured to, during the precharging process, detect the state of the power conversion device, and perform abnormal processing if the state of the power conversion device is a precharging abnormal state.
  • the processing module 830 is configured to, after determining that the precharging is completed, end the precharging.
  • the receiving module 810 is configured to receive a first message sent by a battery management system of the power battery, where the first message is used to indicate that the battery management system is ready for charging; sending The module 820 is used for forwarding the first message to the charging pile; the processing module 830 is used for pre-charging, and the pre-charging includes: charging the capacitor in the power conversion device.
  • the receiving module 810 is further configured to receive a second message sent by the charging pile, where the second message is used to indicate that the charging pile is ready for charging; the sending module 820 is further configured to: If the pre-charging is not completed, a suspend output message is sent to the charging pile, and the suspend output message is used to instruct the charging pile to suspend outputting charging power.
  • the sending module 820 is further configured to, if the precharging is completed, send an output permission message to the charging pile, where the output permission message is used to instruct the charging pile to output charging power.
  • the receiving module 810 is further configured to receive a second message sent by the charging pile, where the second message is used to indicate that the charging pile is ready for charging; the sending module 820 is further configured to , if the pre-charging is not completed, a charging demand message is sent to the charging pile, the charging demand message carries a demand current value, and the demand current value is the minimum value of the demand current.
  • the sending module 820 is further configured to, if the pre-charging is completed, send a charging demand message to the charging pile, where the charging demand message carries a demand current value, and the demand current value is the current demand. the actual value of the current.
  • the processing module 830 is configured to perform the precharging when it is determined that the power conversion device is in a normal state.
  • the processing module 830 is configured to, during the precharging process, detect the state of the power conversion device, and perform abnormal processing if the state of the power conversion device is a precharging abnormal state.
  • the processing module 830 is configured to, after determining that the precharging is completed, end the precharging.
  • FIG. 9 shows a schematic block diagram of a power conversion device 900 according to another embodiment of the present application.
  • the power conversion device 900 includes: a control unit 910 and a power unit 920 .
  • the control unit 910 is configured to send a precharge instruction to the power unit 920 when the power unit 920 is in a normal state; the power unit 920 is configured to start precharge according to the precharge instruction, and the precharge Charging includes: charging a capacitor in the power unit 920 .
  • control unit 910 is further configured to, before sending the precharge command to the power unit 920, send an invalid precharge command to the power unit 920; the power unit 920 is further configured to respond to In response to the invalid precharge command, send a first status message to the control unit 910, where the first status message carries the status of the power unit 920; the control unit 910 is further configured to A status message to determine the status of the power unit 920 .
  • the power unit 920 is further configured to, after starting the pre-charging, detect the state of the power unit 920, and send a second state message to the control unit 910, the second state message carries the state of the power unit 920 in .
  • control unit 910 is further configured to perform abnormal processing when the power unit 920 is in an abnormal state of precharging.
  • the power unit 920 is further configured to, after the pre-charging is completed, send a pre-charging completion message to the control unit 910; the control unit 910 is further configured to, according to the pre-charging completion report The text sends an end precharging command to the power unit 920.
  • control unit 910 is further configured to, before sending the precharge instruction to the power unit 920, receive a first message sent by the battery management system of the power battery, the first message Used to indicate that the battery management system is ready to be charged.
  • control unit 910 is further configured to, after the pre-charging is completed, forward the first message to the charging pile; receive the second message sent by the charging pile, the second message The message is used to indicate that the charging pile is ready for charging; and the second message is forwarded to the battery management system.
  • control unit 910 is further configured to forward the first message to the charging pile; and receive a second message sent by the charging pile, where the second message is used to instruct the charging pile
  • the pile charging is ready; if the precharging is not completed, a suspend output message is sent to the charging pile, and the suspend output message is used to instruct the charging pile to suspend outputting the charging power.
  • control unit 910 is further configured to forward the first message to the charging pile; and receive a second message sent by the charging pile, where the second message is used to instruct the charging pile
  • the pile charging is ready; if the precharging is not completed, a charging demand message is sent to the charging pile, and the charging demand message carries a demand current value, and the demand current value is the minimum value of the demand current.
  • Embodiments of the present application further provide a charging pile and a BMS, where the charging pile and the BMS are respectively used to perform corresponding operations in the methods of the foregoing various embodiments of the present application.
  • the charging pile and the BMS may respectively include modules for performing corresponding operations in the aforementioned methods of various embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 10 shows a schematic block diagram of a device 1000 according to another embodiment of the present application.
  • the device 1000 may be a power conversion device, a charging pile or a BMS.
  • the device 1000 includes a memory 1010 and a processor 1020, wherein the memory 1010 is used to store instructions, and the processor 1020 is used to read the instructions and execute the aforementioned various embodiments of the present application based on the instructions. method.
  • the embodiments of the present application further provide a readable storage medium for storing a computer program, where the computer program is used to execute the methods of the foregoing various embodiments of the present application.

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Abstract

本申请实施例提供一种功率转换设备的预充电的方法和功率转换设备。所述功率转换设备用于在充电桩和动力电池之间进行功率转换，所述方法包括：所述功率转换设备接收所述动力电池的电池管理系统发送的第一报文，所述第一报文用于指示所述电池管理系统充电准备就绪；所述功率转换设备进行预充电，所述预充电包括：对所述功率转换设备中的电容器进行充电；所述功率转换设备在所述预充电完成后，向所述充电桩转发所述第一报文。本申请实施例的技术方案，能够保证充电过程的正常进行。

Description

功率转换设备的预充电的方法和功率转换设备 技术领域
本申请涉及电池技术领域，特别是涉及一种功率转换设备的预充电的方法和功率转换设备。
背景技术
电动车辆由于其节能环保的优势成为汽车产业可持续发展的重要组成部分。而对于电动车辆而言，电池技术又是关乎其发展的一项重要因素。在电池技术中，如何保证充电过程的正常进行是一个待解决的技术问题。
发明内容
本申请提供了一种功率转换设备的预充电的方法和功率转换设备，能够保证充电过程的正常进行。
第一方面，提供了一种功率转换设备的预充电的方法，所述功率转换设备用于在充电桩和动力电池之间进行功率转换，所述方法包括：所述功率转换设备接收所述动力电池的电池管理系统发送的第一报文，所述第一报文用于指示所述电池管理系统充电准备就绪；所述功率转换设备进行预充电，所述预充电包括：对所述功率转换设备中的电容器进行充电；所述功率转换设备在所述预充电完成后，向所述充电桩转发所述第一报文。
在申请实施例中，功率转换设备在预充电完成后，再向充电桩转发BMS的充电准备就绪报文，这样可以避免充电桩在功率转换设备的预充电还未完成时输出高压，从而能够保证充电过程的正常进行和充电安全。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述方法还包括：所述功率转换设备接收所述充电桩发送的第二报文，所述第二报文用于指示所述充电桩充电准备就绪；所述功率转换设备向所述电池管理系统转发所述第二报文。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述功率转换设备进行所述预充电，包括：所述功率转换设备确定所述功率转换设备为正常状态时，进行所述预充电。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述方法还包括：所述功率转换设备在所述预充电的过程中，检测所述功率转换设备的状态，若所述功率转换设备的状态为预充异常状态，所述所述功率转换设备进行异常处理。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述方法还包括：在确定所述预充电完成后， 所述功率转换设备结束所述预充电。
第二方面，提供了一种功率转换设备的预充电的方法，所述功率转换设备用于在充电桩和动力电池之间进行功率转换，所述功率转换设备包括：控制单元和功率单元，所述方法包括：所述控制单元在所述功率单元为正常状态时，向所述功率单元发送预充指令；所述功率单元根据所述预充指令，开始预充电，所述预充电包括：对所述功率单元中的电容器进行充电。
在本申请实施例中，控制单元根据功率单元的状态控制功率单元进行预充电，实现了对功率转换设备中的电容器进行充电，这样，在后续对动力电池的充电过程中，该电容器不会再引发脉冲大电流，从而能够保证充电过程的正常进行和充电安全。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述方法还包括：在向所述功率单元发送所述预充指令之前，所述控制单元向所述功率单元发送无效预充指令；响应于所述无效预充指令，所述功率单元向所述控制单元发送第一状态报文，所述第一状态报文中携带所述功率单元的状态；所述控制单元根据所述第一状态报文，确定所述功率单元的状态。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述方法还包括：在开始所述预充电后，所述功率单元检测所述功率单元的状态，向所述控制单元发送第二状态报文，所述第二状态报文中携带所述功率单元的状态。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述方法还包括：在所述功率单元为预充异常状态时，所述控制单元进行异常处理。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述方法还包括：在所述预充电完成后，所述功率单元向所述控制单元发送预充完成报文；所述控制单元根据所述预充完成报文向所述功率单元发送结束预充指令。
在一种可能的实现方式中，在所述控制单元向所述功率单元发送所述预充指令之前，所述方法还包括：所述控制单元接收所述动力电池的电池管理系统发送的第一报文，所述第一报文用于指示所述电池管理系统充电准备就绪。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述方法还包括：所述控制单元在所述预充电完成后，向所述充电桩转发所述第一报文；所述控制单元接收所述充电桩发送的第二报文，所述第二报文用于指示所述充电桩充电准备就绪；所述控制单元向所述电池管理系统转发所述第二报文。
在申请实施例中，在预充电完成后，控制单元再向充电桩转发BMS的充电准备就绪报文，这样可以避免充电桩在功率转换设备的预充电还未完成时输出高压，从而能够保证充电过程的正常进行和充电安全。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述方法还包括：所述控制单元向所述充电桩转发所述第一报文；所述控制单元接收所述充电桩发送的第二报文，所述第二报文用于指示所述充电桩充电准备就绪；若所述预充电未完成，所述控制单元向所述充电桩发送暂停输出报文，所述暂停输出报文用于指示所述充电桩暂停输出充电功率。
在本申请实施例中，在功率转换设备的预充电还未完成的情况下，控制单 元通过向充电桩发送暂停输出报文使得充电桩暂停输出，以避免充电桩输出高压导致功率转换设备中的电容器产生脉冲大电流，从而保证充电过程的正常进行和充电安全。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述方法还包括：所述控制单元向所述充电桩转发所述第一报文；所述控制单元接收所述充电桩发送的第二报文，所述第二报文用于指示所述充电桩充电准备就绪；若所述预充电未完成，所述控制单元向所述充电桩发送充电需求报文，所述充电需求报文携带需求电流值，所述需求电流值为需求电流的最小值。
在本申请实施例中，在功率转换设备的预充电还未完成的情况下，控制单元通过向充电桩发送需求电流的最小值，使得充电桩按该需求电流的最小值输出电流，以避免充电桩输出大电流导致功率转换设备中的电容器产生脉冲大电流，从而保证充电过程的正常进行和充电安全。
第三方面，提供了一种功率转换设备，所述功率转换设备用于在充电桩和动力电池之间进行功率转换，所述功率转换设备包括：接收模块，用于接收所述动力电池的电池管理系统发送的第一报文，所述第一报文用于指示所述电池管理系统充电准备就绪；处理模块，用于进行预充电，所述预充电包括：对所述功率转换设备中的电容器进行充电；发送模块，用于在所述预充电完成后，向所述充电桩转发所述第一报文。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述接收模块还用于接收所述充电桩发送的第二报文，所述第二报文用于指示所述充电桩充电准备就绪；所述发送模块还用于向所述电池管理系统转发所述第二报文。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述处理模块用于，确定所述功率转换设备为正常状态时，进行所述预充电。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述处理模块用于，在所述预充电的过程中，检测所述功率转换设备的状态，若所述功率转换设备的状态为预充异常状态，进行异常处理。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述处理模块用于，在确定所述预充电完成后，结束所述预充电。
第四方面，提供了一种功率转换设备，所述功率转换设备用于在充电桩和动力电池之间进行功率转换，所述功率转换设备包括：控制单元和功率单元；所述控制单元用于在所述功率单元为正常状态时，向所述功率单元发送预充指令；所述功率单元用于根据所述预充指令，开始预充电，所述预充电包括：对所述功率单元中的电容器进行充电。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述控制单元还用于，在向所述功率单元发送所述预充指令之前，向所述功率单元发送无效预充指令；所述功率单元还用于，响应于所述无效预充指令，向所述控制单元发送第一状态报文，所述第一状态报文中携带所述功率单元的状态；所述控制单元还用于根据所述第一状态报文，确定所述功率单元的状态。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述功率单元还用于，在开始所述预充电后，检测所述功率单元的状态，向所述控制单元发送第二状态报文，所述第二状态报文中携带所述功率单元的状态。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述控制单元还用于，在所述功率单元为预充异常状态时，进行异常处理。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述功率单元还用于，在所述预充电完成后，向所述控制单元发送预充完成报文；所述控制单元还用于，根据所述预充完成报文向所述功率单元发送结束预充指令。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述控制单元还用于，在向所述功率单元发送所述预充指令之前，接收所述动力电池的电池管理系统发送的第一报文，所述第一报文用于指示所述电池管理系统充电准备就绪。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述控制单元还用于，在所述预充电完成后，向所述充电桩转发所述第一报文；接收所述充电桩发送的第二报文，所述第二报文用于指示所述充电桩充电准备就绪；向所述电池管理系统转发所述第二报文。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述控制单元还用于，向所述充电桩转发所述第一报文；接收所述充电桩发送的第二报文，所述第二报文用于指示所述充电桩充电准备就绪；若所述预充电未完成，向所述充电桩发送暂停输出报文，所述暂停输出报文用于指示所述充电桩暂停输出充电功率。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述控制单元还用于，向所述充电桩转发所述第一报文；接收所述充电桩发送的第二报文，所述第二报文用于指示所述充电桩充电准备就绪；若所述预充电未完成，向所述充电桩发送充电需求报文，所述充电需求报文携带需求电流值，所述需求电流值为需求电流的最小值。
第五方面，提供了一种功率转换设备，包括存储器和处理器，所述存储器用于存储指令，所述处理器用于读取所述指令并基于所述指令执行上述第一方面和第一方面的任意可能的实现方式中的方法，或者，第二方面和第二方面的任意可能的实现方式中的方法。
第六方面，提供了一种可读存储介质，用于存储计算机程序，所述计算机程序用于执行上述第一方面和第一方面的任意可能的实现方式中的方法，或者，第二方面和第二方面的任意可能的实现方式中的方法。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例的技术方案，下面将对本申请实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面所描述的附图仅仅是本申请的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据附图获得其他的附图。
图1是本申请一实施例公开的功率转换设备的应用架构的示意图；
图2是本申请一实施例公开的功率转换设备的预充电的方法的示意性流程图；
图3是本申请一实施例公开的预充电的方法的交互流程图；
图4是本申请另一实施例公开的功率转换设备的预充电的方法的示意性流程图；
图5是本申请另一实施例公开的预充电的方法的交互流程图；
图6是本申请另一实施例公开的预充电的方法的交互流程图；
图7是本申请另一实施例公开的功率转换设备的预充电的方法的示意性流程图；
图8是本申请一实施例公开的功率转换设备的示意性框图；
图9是本申请另一实施例公开的功率转换设备的示意性框图；
图10是本申请另一实施例公开的功率转换设备的示意性框图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和实施例对本申请的实施方式作进一步详细描述。以下实施例的详细描述和附图用于示例性地说明本申请的原理，但不能用来限制本申请的范围，即本申请不限于所描述的实施例。
在本申请的描述中，需要说明的是，除非另有说明，本申请所使用的所有的技术和科学术语与属于本申请的技术领域的技术人员通常理解的含义相同；本申请中在申请的说明书中所使用的术语只是为了描述具体的实施例的目的，不是旨在于限制本申请；本申请的说明书和权利要求书及上述附图说明中的术语“包括”和“具有”以及它们的任何变形，意图在于覆盖不排他的包含。本申请的说明书和权利要求书或上述附图中的术语“第一”、“第二”等是用于区别不同对象，而不是用于描述特定顺序或主次关系。
在本申请中提及“实施例”意味着，结合实施例描述的特定特征、结构或特性可以包含在本申请的至少一个实施例中。在说明书中的各个位置出现该短语并不一定均是指相同的实施例，也不是与其它实施例互斥的独立的或备选的实施例。本领域技术人员显式地和隐式地理解的是，本申请所描述的实施例可以与其它实施例相结合。
在本申请的描述中，还需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语 “安装”、“相连”、“连接”、“附接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本申请中的具体含义。
动力电池为给用电装置提供动力来源的电池。可选地，动力电池可以为动力蓄电池。从电池的种类而言，该动力电池可以是锂离子电池、锂金属电池、铅酸电池、镍隔电池、镍氢电池、锂硫电池、锂空气电池或者钠离子电池等，在本申请实施例中不做具体限定。从电池规模而言，本申请实施例中的动力电池可以是电芯/电池单体，也可以是电池模组或电池包，在本申请实施例中不做具体限定。可选地，所述用电装置可以为车辆、船舶或航天器等，本申请实施例对此并不限定。动力电池的电池管理系统(Battery Management System，BMS)为保护动力电池使用安全的控制系统，实施充放电管理，高压控制，保护电池，采集电池数据，评估电池状态等功能。
充电桩，也称为充电机，为给动力电池充电的装置。充电桩可以按照BMS的充电需求输出充电功率，以给动力电池充电。例如，充电桩可以按照BMS发送的需求电压和需求电流输出电压和电流。
然而，在一些特殊场景下，充电桩可输出的电压和电流的范围无法与动力电池匹配。例如，在低温场景下，充电桩可输出的最小电压或电流也可能会导致充电过程中发生析锂，而无法给动力电池正常充电。另外，在某些情况下，充电桩与动力电池之间也可能需要进行功率形式的转换，例如：电压变化，电流变化，功率状态变化，电流、电压、功率时序变化等。
针对上述情况，本发明实施例提供了一种功率转换设备，该功率转换设备可以在充电桩和动力电池之间进行功率转换。当存在充电桩与动力电池之间有需要进行功率转换时，功率转换设备将充电桩输出的功率类型转换为动力电池需要的功率类型。例如，该功率转换设备可以把充电桩输出的直流功率转换为脉冲功率，或者，变化电压值，变化电流值，或变化电压和电流的时序等。
功率转换设备的高压回路中存在大容量的电容器，功率转换设备在启动瞬间，充电高压回路中的高压会对功率转换设备中的大容量的电容器进行充电，产生脉冲大电流。脉冲大电流可能会损坏功率转换设备或动力电池中的器件，例如高压接触器。
鉴于此，本申请提供了一种功率转换设备的预充电的方法，通过对功率转换设备中的电容器进行预充电，可以避免功率转换设备中的电容器导致的脉冲大电流损坏充电回路上的器件，保证充电过程的正常进行和充电安全。
应理解，“预充电”也可以称为“预充”，本申请实施例对此并不限定。
图1是本申请实施例的功率转换设备的应用架构的示意图。如图1所示，功率转换设备110设置于充电桩120和动力电池的BMS之间，即功率转换设备110分别与充电桩120和BMS 130相连，充电桩120不直接与BMS 130相连。
在不设置功率转换设备110的情况下，在给动力电池充电时，充电桩120直接与BMS 130相连，然后开始充电流程，以对动力电池进行充电。如上所述，在一些情况下，充电桩120可能无法直接给动力电池正常充电。因此，在本申请实施例中，增加功率转换设备110，在充电桩120和动力电池之间进行功率转换。
可选地，功率转换设备110可以包括控制单元111和功率单元112。控制单元111负责检测充电桩120的和BMS 130在充电过程中的状态；控制单元111分别通过通信线140连接充电桩120和BMS 130，以分别与充电桩120和BMS 130进行信息交互。另外，控制单元111还通过通信线140与功率单元112连接，以与功率单元112进行信息交互，并控制功率单元112进行功率转换。例如，通信线140可以为控制器局域网络(Controller Area Network,CAN)通信线。
功率单元112负责根据控制单元111的指令，将充电桩120输出的功率类型转换为动力电池需要的功率类型。功率单元112与控制单元111通过通信线140连接，进行信息交互。控制单元111与功率单元112之间可以配置通信协议，例如，定义通信的语法、语义和时序等，以保证控制单元111与功率单元112之间正常交互。
控制单元111上可以配置控制策略。例如，控制单元111通过解析充电桩120和BMS 130的充电报文，确定当前充电流程的状态，以控制功率单元112进行相应的操作。例如，在满足预充条件的时候，控制功率单元112进行预充操作。同时控制单元111与功率单元112进行通信，获取功率单元112的状态，以执行对应的操作。例如，功率单元112上报故障时，控制单元111及时发送停止预充的命令。
功率单元112通过高压线150分别与充电桩120和BMS 130连接，以将充电桩120通过高压线150输出的充电功率进行转换后输出至BMS以给动力电池充电。
功率转换设备110中存在大容量的电容器，例如，第一电容器161和第二 电容器162。如前所述，功率转换设备110中的电容器可能会导致脉冲大电流，而损坏充电回路上的器件。本申请实施例针对该功率转换设备110，提供了一种预充电的方案，以解决上述问题。
图2示出了本申请一个实施例的功率转换设备的预充电的方法200的示意性流程图。所述功率转换设备用于在充电桩和动力电池之间进行功率转换。例如，所述功率转换设备可以为图1中的功率转换设备110。
210，功率转换设备接收动力电池的电池管理系统发送的第一报文，所述第一报文用于指示所述电池管理系统充电准备就绪。
充电流程启动后，充电桩和BMS先进行充电准备，在这期间，功率转换设备在充电桩和BMS之间转发报文，不改变报文内容。在BMS准备就绪后，BMS发送指示BMS充电准备就绪的第一报文。由于充电桩和BMS之间设置了功率转换设备，该第一报文先到达功率转换设备。
220，所述功率转换设备进行预充电，所述预充电包括：对所述功率转换设备中的电容器进行充电。
功率转换设备收到第一报文后，开始预充电。此时BMS已经准备就绪，因此功率转换设备可以利用动力电池的电压对功率转换设备中的电容器进行充电。
230，所述功率转换设备在所述预充电完成后，向所述充电桩转发所述第一报文。
在预充电完成后，可以正常进行充电，此时可以将BMS充电准备就绪报文发送给充电桩，以使充电桩进行充电准备。
充电桩收到BMS的充电准备就绪报文后，也会进行预充电，即，利用动力电池的电压对充电桩中的电容器进行充电。功率转换设备的预充电过程可能会持续较长时间，也就是说，若功率转换设备和充电桩同时开始预充电，充电桩可能会在功率转换设备的预充电还未完成时完成充电准备。若此时充电桩输出高压，则可能仍会导致功率转换设备中的电容器产生脉冲大电流，影响充电过程的正常进行。
在申请实施例中，功率转换设备在预充电完成后，再向充电桩转发BMS的充电准备就绪报文，这样可以避免充电桩在功率转换设备的预充电还未完成时输出高压，从而能够保证充电过程的正常进行和充电安全。
在本实施例中，功率转换设备先进行预充电，在功率转换设备的预充电完 成后，充电桩再进行预充电。即，功率转换设备和充电桩先后进行预充电。
图3示出了本申请一个实施例的预充电的方法的交互流程图。图3中的功率转换设备、充电桩和BMS可以分别为图1中的功率转换设备110、充电桩120和BMS 130。
301，BMS发送第一报文。
BMS准备就绪后，向充电桩发送充电准备就绪的第一报文，让充电桩确认BMS已经准备充电。BMS的第一报文先发送到功率转换设备。
302，功率转换设备开始预充电。
功率转换设备收到第一报文后，开始预充电。
303，功率转换设备在预充电完成后，向充电桩转发所述第一报文。
304，充电桩发送第二报文。
充电桩在收到第一报文后，进行充电准备，例如，进行预充电，以及判断输出电压是否在正常范围等。在准备就绪后，充电桩发送指示所述充电桩充电准备就绪的第二报文，让BMS确认充电桩已经准备输出。充电桩的第二报文先发送到功率转换设备。
305，功率转换设备向BMS转发所述第二报文。
由于功率转换设备已完成预充电，即可以正常进行充电，功率转换设备接收到充电桩发送的第二报文后，将所述第二报文转发给BMS。这样，BMS与充电桩可以继续进行后续的充电流程。
在本申请实施例中，功率转换设备和充电桩先后进行预充电，这样可以使得充电桩在功率转换设备的预充电完成后再输出高压，从而能够保证充电过程的正常进行和充电安全。
在前述实施例中，功率转换设备和充电桩先后进行预充电。可选地，功率转换设备和充电桩还可以同时进行预充电，下面对该方案进行描述。
图4示出了本申请另一个实施例的功率转换设备的预充电的方法400的示意性流程图。所述功率转换设备用于在充电桩和动力电池之间进行功率转换。例如，所述功率转换设备可以为图1中的功率转换设备110。
410，功率转换设备接收动力电池的电池管理系统发送的第一报文，所述第一报文用于指示所述电池管理系统充电准备就绪。
充电流程启动后，充电桩和BMS先进行充电准备，在这期间，功率转换设备在充电桩和BMS之间转发报文，不改变报文内容。在BMS准备就绪后，BMS发送指示BMS充电准备就绪的第一报文。由于充电桩和BMS之间设置了功率转换设备，该第一报文先到达功率转换设备。
420，所述功率转换设备向充电桩转发所述第一报文，并进行预充电，所述预充电包括：对所述功率转换设备中的电容器进行充电。
功率转换设备收到第一报文后，不改变报文内容，将第一报文转发给充电桩。同时，功率转换设备进行预充电。此时BMS已经准备就绪，因此功率转换设备可以利用动力电池的电压对功率转换设备中的电容器进行充电。由于功率转换设备已同时将BMS的充电准备就绪报文发给了充电桩，充电桩也可以同时进行预充电，即，利用动力电池的电压对充电桩中的电容器进行充电。在这种情况下，功率转换设备和充电桩同时进行预充电。
在本申请实施例中，功率转换设备在收到BMS的充电准备就绪报文后对功率转换设备中的电容器进行充电，这样，在后续对动力电池的充电过程中，该电容器不会再引发脉冲大电流，从而能够保证充电过程的正常进行和充电安全。
图5示出了本申请另一个实施例的预充电的方法的交互流程图。图5中的功率转换设备、充电桩和BMS可以分别为图1中的功率转换设备110、充电桩120和BMS 130。
501，BMS发送第一报文。
BMS准备就绪后，向充电桩发送充电准备就绪的第一报文，让充电桩确认BMS已经准备充电。BMS的第一报文先发送到功率转换设备。
502，功率转换设备将第一报文转发给充电桩。
503，功率转换设备开始预充电。
功率转换设备在将第一报文转发给充电桩的同时，开始预充电。
504，充电桩发送第二报文。
充电桩在收到第一报文后，进行充电准备，例如，进行预充电，以及判断输出电压是否在正常范围等。在准备就绪后，充电桩发送指示所述充电桩充电准备就绪的第二报文，让BMS确认充电桩已经准备输出。充电桩的第二报文先发送到功率转换设备。
由于功率转换设备的预充电过程可能会持续较长时间，功率转换设备在接收到充电桩发送的第二报文时，功率转换设备的预充电过程可能没有完成。可选地，在这种情况下，功率转换设备可以进行如下处理。
505，功率转换设备向充电桩发送暂停输出报文。
若预充电未完成，功率转换设备向充电桩发送暂停输出报文，所述暂停输出报文用于指示所述充电桩暂停输出充电功率。
充电桩发送第二报文表示充电桩已经准备输出。在功率转换设备的预充电还未完成的情况下，若此时充电桩输出高压，则可能仍会导致功率转换设备中的电容器产生脉冲大电流，影响充电过程的正常进行。因此，功率转换设备可通过向充电桩发送暂停输出报文使得充电桩暂停输出。
可选地，功率转换设备可通过如下方式向充电桩发送暂停输出报文。
506，功率转换设备向BMS转发第二报文。
507，BMS发送电池充电需求报文。
BMS在收到充电桩的第二报文后，确认充电桩已经准备输出，因此，向充电桩发送电池充电需求报文。该电池充电需求报文中包括动力电池的充电需求，例如，需求电压、需求电流等。
508，功率转换设备向充电桩转发电池充电需求报文。
在505中，功率转换设备向充电桩发送暂停输出报文。可选地，该暂停输出报文可以采用动力电池状态信息报文，将其中的充电允许字段设置为“禁止”，从而禁止充电桩输出充电功率。
可选地，在预充电完成后，功率转换设备可以进行如下处理。
509，功率转换设备向充电桩发送允许输出报文。
若预充电完成，功率转换设备向充电桩发送允许输出报文，所述允许输出报文用于指示所述充电桩输出充电功率。
在预充电完成后，可以正常进行充电，此时可以允许充电桩正常输出。可选地，该允许输出报文可以采用动力电池状态信息报文，将其中的充电允许字段设置为“允许”，从而允许充电桩输出充电功率。
在本申请实施例中，在功率转换设备的预充电还未完成的情况下，功率转换设备通过向充电桩发送暂停输出报文使得充电桩暂停输出，以避免充电桩输出高压 导致功率转换设备中的电容器产生脉冲大电流，从而保证充电过程的正常进行和充电安全。
图6示出了本申请另一个实施例的预充电的方法的交互流程图。图6中的功率转换设备、充电桩和BMS可以分别为图1中的功率转换设备110、充电桩120和BMS 130。图6中的步骤601-604与图5中的步骤501-504相同，可以参考图5的相关描述，为了简洁，在此不再赘述。
605，功率转换设备向充电桩发送充电需求报文。
若预充电未完成，功率转换设备向充电桩发送充电需求报文，所述充电需求报文携带需求电流值，所述需求电流值为需求电流的最小值。
充电桩发送第二报文表示充电桩已经准备输出。在功率转换设备的预充电还未完成的情况下，若此时充电桩输出大电流，则可能仍会导致功率转换设备中的电容器产生脉冲大电流，影响充电过程的正常进行。因此，功率转换设备可通过向充电桩发送需求电流的最小值，使得充电桩按该需求电流的最小值输出电流。在这种情况下，充电桩输出的电流非常小，因而不会导致功率转换设备中的电容器产生脉冲大电流。
可选地，功率转换设备可通过如下方式向充电桩发送充电需求报文。
606，功率转换设备向BMS转发第二报文。
607，BMS发送电池充电需求报文。
BMS在收到充电桩的第二报文后，确认充电桩已经准备输出，因此，向充电桩发送电池充电需求报文。该电池充电需求报文中包括动力电池的充电需求，例如，需求电压、需求电流等。
608，功率转换设备将BMS发送的电池充电需求报文中的需求电流修改为需求电流的最小值，得到新的充电需求报文。
例如，该需求电流的最小值可以为零，但本申请实施例对此并不限定。
在605中，功率转换设备向充电桩发送该充电需求报文。该充电需求报文中的需求电流值为需求电流的最小值，从而使得充电桩按该需求电流的最小值输出电流。
可选地，在预充电完成后，功率转换设备可以进行如下处理。
609，功率转换设备向充电桩发送充电需求报文。
若预充电完成，功率转换设备向充电桩发送充电需求报文，所述充电需求报文携带需求电流值，所述需求电流值为当前需求电流的实际值。
在预充电完成后，可以正常进行充电，因此，发送给充电桩的充电需求报文中的需求电流值为当前需求电流的实际值。也就是说，在这种情况下，功率转换设备可以把BMS发送的电池充电需求报文不做修改直接转发给充电桩。
在本申请实施例中，在功率转换设备的预充电还未完成的情况下，功率转换设备通过向充电桩发送需求电流的最小值，使得充电桩按该需求电流的最小值输出电流，以避免充电桩输出大电流导致功率转换设备中的电容器产生脉冲大电流，从而保证充电过程的正常进行和充电安全。
以上分别描述了功率转换设备和充电桩先后进行预充电，以及，功率转换设备和充电桩先后同时预充电的流程。下面对功率转换设备在预充电过程中的具体操作进行描述。
除了上述的功率转换设备与充电桩和BMS的交互外，功率转换设备在预充电时还可检测功率转换设备的状态。
可选地，在本申请一个实施例中，所述功率转换设备确定所述功率转换设备为正常状态时，进行所述预充电。
可选地，在本申请一个实施例中，所述功率转换设备在所述预充电的过程中，检测所述功率转换设备的状态，若所述功率转换设备的状态为预充异常状态，所述所述功率转换设备进行异常处理。例如，所述预充异常状态可以包括：预充故障，预充超时，未进入预充等。
可选地，在本申请一个实施例中，在确定所述预充电完成后，所述功率转换设备结束所述预充电。若预充电正常进行，在确定预充电完成后，功率转换设备结束预充电。
下面以功率转换设备包括控制单元和功率单元为例，对功率转换设备的预充电过程进行描述。例如，所述功率转换设备可以为图1中的功率转换设备110，包括控制单元111和功率单元112。
图7示出了本申请一个实施例的功率转换设备的预充电的方法的示意性流程图。所述功率转换设备用于在充电桩和动力电池之间进行功率转换，所述功率转换设备包括：控制单元和功率单元。
710，控制单元在功率单元为正常状态时，向所述功率单元发送预充指令。
720，所述功率单元根据所述预充指令，开始预充电，所述预充电包括：对所述功率单元中的电容器进行充电。
具体而言，功率转换设备的预充电由控制单元控制功率单元进行。控制单元在确认功率单元为正常状态时，向功率单元发送预充指令，以启动预充电。功率单元等待预充指令，当收到预充指令时，开始预充电。
可选地，如图7所示，控制单元可通过如下方式确定功率单元的状态。
701，在向所述功率单元发送所述预充指令之前，所述控制单元向所述功率单元发送无效预充指令。
该无效预充指令用于触发功率单元检测功率单元的状态。
702，响应于所述无效预充指令，所述功率单元向所述控制单元发送第一状态报文，所述第一状态报文中携带所述功率单元的状态。
功率单元收到无效预充指令后，开始工作，检测功率单元当前的状态，并通过第一状态报文将功率单元的状态发送给控制单元。
例如，第一状态报文中功率单元的状态可以表示为：0初始化；1正常状态；2故障状态；3无效状态。0初始化状态，表示正在初始化需等待；1正常状态，表示功率单元可以预充；2故障状态，表示出现故障；3无效状态，表示不能预充电。
703，所述控制单元根据所述第一状态报文，确定所述功率单元的状态。
例如，当第一状态报文中的功率单元的状态为1正常状态时，表示可以预充，控制单元在710中向功率单元发送预充指令。当功率单元的状态为0初始化状态时，控制单元将等待，直到功率单元的状态为1正常状态。当功率单元的状态为2故障状态时，控制单元将进入对应的故障处理模式，停止预充电。当功率单元的状态为3无效状态时，不能进行预充电，控制单元也将进入对应的故障处理模式，停止预充电。
可选地，如图7所示，在开始预充电后，功率单元和控制单元还可以进行如下操作。
731，所述功率单元检测所述功率单元的状态，向所述控制单元发送第二状态报文，所述第二状态报文中携带所述功率单元的状态。
在预充过程中，功率单元持续检测自身状态，并通过第二状态报文发送给 控制单元。例如，第二状态报文中功率单元的状态可以包括：0未进入预充；1预充中；2预充超时；3预充故障；4预充成功。0未进入预充，表示未能进入预充状态；1预充中，表示正常进入预充状态；2预充超时，表示收到预充指令预定时间(例如5秒)内没有完成预充；3预充故障，表示预充出现故障；4预充成功，表示收到预充指令预定时间(例如5秒)内完成预充。
732，在所述功率单元为预充异常状态时，所述控制单元进行异常处理。
预充异常状态可以包括未进入预充，预充超时，预充故障等，在这种情况下，控制单元进行异常处理。
733，在所述预充电完成后，所述功率单元向所述控制单元发送预充完成报文。
预充完成报文可以为上述第二状态报文中的一种，即，第二状态报文指示预充成功的情况。
734，所述控制单元根据所述预充完成报文向所述功率单元发送结束预充指令。至此，预充电过程结束。
在本申请实施例中，控制单元根据功率单元的状态控制功率单元进行预充电，实现了对功率转换设备中的电容器进行充电，这样，在后续对动力电池的充电过程中，该电容器不会再引发脉冲大电流，从而能够保证充电过程的正常进行和充电安全。
可选地，在功率转换设备包括控制单元和功率单元的情况下，控制单元负责与充电桩和BMS的交互。即控制单元还可以进行如下操作。
可选地，在本申请一个实施例中，在所述控制单元向所述功率单元发送所述预充指令之前，所述控制单元接收所述动力电池的电池管理系统发送的第一报文，所述第一报文用于指示所述电池管理系统充电准备就绪。
可选地，在本申请一个实施例中，所述控制单元在所述预充电完成后，向所述充电桩转发所述第一报文；所述控制单元接收所述充电桩发送的第二报文，所述第二报文用于指示所述充电桩充电准备就绪；所述控制单元向所述电池管理系统转发所述第二报文。
可选地，在本申请一个实施例中，所述控制单元向所述充电桩转发所述第一报文；所述控制单元接收所述充电桩发送的第二报文，所述第二报文用于指示所述 充电桩充电准备就绪；若所述预充电未完成，所述控制单元向所述充电桩发送暂停输出报文，所述暂停输出报文用于指示所述充电桩暂停输出充电功率。
可选地，在本申请一个实施例中，所述控制单元向所述充电桩转发所述第一报文；所述控制单元接收所述充电桩发送的第二报文，所述第二报文用于指示所述充电桩充电准备就绪；若所述预充电未完成，所述控制单元向所述充电桩发送充电需求报文，所述充电需求报文携带需求电流值，所述需求电流值为需求电流的最小值。
以上描述了本申请实施例的功率转换设备的预充电的方法，下面描述本申请实施例的功率转换设备。应理解，下述各实施例中的相关描述可以参考前述各实施例，为了简洁，不再赘述。
图8示出了本申请一个实施例的功率转换设备800的示意性框图。如图8所示，所述功率转换设备800包括：接收模块810，发送模块820和处理模块830。
在本申请一个实施例中，接收模块810，用于接收所述动力电池的电池管理系统发送的第一报文，所述第一报文用于指示所述电池管理系统充电准备就绪；处理模块830，用于进行预充电，所述预充电包括：对所述功率转换设备中的电容器进行充电；发送模块820，用于在所述预充电完成后，向所述充电桩转发所述第一报文。
可选地，所述接收模块810还用于接收所述充电桩发送的第二报文，所述第二报文用于指示所述充电桩充电准备就绪；所述发送模块820还用于向所述电池管理系统转发所述第二报文。
可选地，所述处理模块830用于，确定所述功率转换设备为正常状态时，进行所述预充电。
可选地，所述处理模块830用于，在所述预充电的过程中，检测所述功率转换设备的状态，若所述功率转换设备的状态为预充异常状态，进行异常处理。
可选地，所述处理模块830用于，在确定所述预充电完成后，结束所述预充电。
在本申请另一个实施例中，接收模块810，用于接收所述动力电池的电池管理系统发送的第一报文，所述第一报文用于指示所述电池管理系统充电准备就绪；发送模块820，用于向所述充电桩转发所述第一报文；处理模块830，用于进行预充电，所述预充电包括：对所述功率转换设备中的电容器进行充电。
可选地，所述接收模块810还用于接收所述充电桩发送的第二报文，所述 第二报文用于指示所述充电桩充电准备就绪；所述发送模块820还用于，若所述预充电未完成，向所述充电桩发送暂停输出报文，所述暂停输出报文用于指示所述充电桩暂停输出充电功率。
可选地，所述发送模块820还用于，若所述预充电完成，向所述充电桩发送允许输出报文，所述允许输出报文用于指示所述充电桩输出充电功率。
可选地，所述接收模块810还用于，接收所述充电桩发送的第二报文，所述第二报文用于指示所述充电桩充电准备就绪；所述发送模块820还用于，若所述预充电未完成，向所述充电桩发送充电需求报文，所述充电需求报文携带需求电流值，所述需求电流值为需求电流的最小值。
可选地，所述发送模块820还用于，若所述预充电完成，向所述充电桩发送充电需求报文，所述充电需求报文携带需求电流值，所述需求电流值为当前需求电流的实际值。
可选地，所述处理模块830用于，确定所述功率转换设备为正常状态时，进行所述预充电。
可选地，所述处理模块830用于，在所述预充电的过程中，检测所述功率转换设备的状态，若所述功率转换设备的状态为预充异常状态，进行异常处理。
可选地，所述处理模块830用于，在确定所述预充电完成后，结束所述预充电。
图9示出了本申请另一个实施例的功率转换设备900的示意性框图。如图9所示，所述功率转换设备900包括：控制单元910和功率单元920。
所述控制单元910用于在所述功率单元920为正常状态时，向所述功率单元920发送预充指令；所述功率单元920用于根据所述预充指令，开始预充电，所述预充电包括：对所述功率单元920中的电容器进行充电。
可选地，所述控制单元910还用于，在向所述功率单元920发送所述预充指令之前，向所述功率单元920发送无效预充指令；所述功率单元920还用于，响应于所述无效预充指令，向所述控制单元910发送第一状态报文，所述第一状态报文中携带所述功率单元920的状态；所述控制单元910还用于根据所述第一状态报文，确定所述功率单元920的状态。
可选地，所述功率单元920还用于，在开始所述预充电后，检测所述功率 单元920的状态，向所述控制单元910发送第二状态报文，所述第二状态报文中携带所述功率单元920的状态。
可选地，所述控制单元910还用于，在所述功率单元920为预充异常状态时，进行异常处理。
可选地，所述功率单元920还用于，在所述预充电完成后，向所述控制单元910发送预充完成报文；所述控制单元910还用于，根据所述预充完成报文向所述功率单元920发送结束预充指令。
可选地，所述控制单元910还用于，在向所述功率单元920发送所述预充指令之前，接收所述动力电池的电池管理系统发送的第一报文，所述第一报文用于指示所述电池管理系统充电准备就绪。
可选地，所述控制单元910还用于，在所述预充电完成后，向所述充电桩转发所述第一报文；接收所述充电桩发送的第二报文，所述第二报文用于指示所述充电桩充电准备就绪；向所述电池管理系统转发所述第二报文。
可选地，所述控制单元910还用于，向所述充电桩转发所述第一报文；接收所述充电桩发送的第二报文，所述第二报文用于指示所述充电桩充电准备就绪；若所述预充电未完成，向所述充电桩发送暂停输出报文，所述暂停输出报文用于指示所述充电桩暂停输出充电功率。
可选地，所述控制单元910还用于，向所述充电桩转发所述第一报文；接收所述充电桩发送的第二报文，所述第二报文用于指示所述充电桩充电准备就绪；若所述预充电未完成，向所述充电桩发送充电需求报文，所述充电需求报文携带需求电流值，所述需求电流值为需求电流的最小值。
本申请实施例还提供了一种充电桩和BMS，所述充电桩和所述BMS分别用于执行前述本申请各种实施例的方法中的相应操作。具体地，所述充电桩和所述BMS可分别包括用于执行前述本申请各种实施例的方法中的相应操作的模块。
图10示出了本申请另一个实施例的设备1000的示意性框图。该设备1000可以为功率转换设备、充电桩或者BMS。如图10所示，该设备1000包括存储器1010和处理器1020，其中，存储器1010用于存储指令，处理器1020用于读取所述指令并基于所述指令执行前述本申请各种实施例的方法。
本申请实施例还提供了一种可读存储介质，用于存储计算机程序，所述计 算机程序用于执行前述本申请各种实施例的方法。
虽然已经参考优选实施例对本申请进行了描述，但在不脱离本申请的范围的情况下，可以对其进行各种改进并且可以用等效物替换其中的部件。尤其是，只要不存在冲突，各个实施例中所提到的各项技术特征均可以任意方式组合起来。本申请并不局限于文中公开的特定实施例，而是包括落入权利要求的范围内的所有技术方案。

Claims (28)

  1. 一种功率转换设备的预充电的方法，其特征在于，所述功率转换设备用于在充电桩和动力电池之间进行功率转换，所述方法包括：
    所述功率转换设备接收所述动力电池的电池管理系统发送的第一报文，所述第一报文用于指示所述电池管理系统充电准备就绪；
    所述功率转换设备进行预充电，所述预充电包括：对所述功率转换设备中的电容器进行充电；
    所述功率转换设备在所述预充电完成后，向所述充电桩转发所述第一报文。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述功率转换设备接收所述充电桩发送的第二报文，所述第二报文用于指示所述充电桩充电准备就绪；
    所述功率转换设备向所述电池管理系统转发所述第二报文。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述功率转换设备进行所述预充电，包括：
    所述功率转换设备确定所述功率转换设备为正常状态时，进行所述预充电。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述功率转换设备在所述预充电的过程中，检测所述功率转换设备的状态，若所述功率转换设备的状态为预充异常状态，所述所述功率转换设备进行异常处理。
  5. 根据权利要求1至4中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    在确定所述预充电完成后，所述功率转换设备结束所述预充电。
  6. 一种功率转换设备的预充电的方法，其特征在于，所述功率转换设备用于在充电桩和动力电池之间进行功率转换，所述功率转换设备包括：控制单元和功率单元，所述方法包括：
    所述控制单元在所述功率单元为正常状态时，向所述功率单元发送预充指令；
    所述功率单元根据所述预充指令，开始预充电，所述预充电包括：对所述功率单元中的电容器进行充电。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    在向所述功率单元发送所述预充指令之前，所述控制单元向所述功率单元发送无效预充指令；
    响应于所述无效预充指令，所述功率单元向所述控制单元发送第一状态报文，所述第一状态报文中携带所述功率单元的状态；
    所述控制单元根据所述第一状态报文，确定所述功率单元的状态。
  8. 根据权利要求6或7所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    在开始所述预充电后，所述功率单元检测所述功率单元的状态，向所述控制单元发送第二状态报文，所述第二状态报文中携带所述功率单元的状态。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    在所述功率单元为预充异常状态时，所述控制单元进行异常处理。
  10. 根据权利要求6至9中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    在所述预充电完成后，所述功率单元向所述控制单元发送预充完成报文；
    所述控制单元根据所述预充完成报文向所述功率单元发送结束预充指令。
  11. 根据权利要求6至9中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，在所述控制单元向所述功率单元发送所述预充指令之前，所述方法还包括：
    所述控制单元接收所述动力电池的电池管理系统发送的第一报文，所述第一报文用于指示所述电池管理系统充电准备就绪。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述控制单元在所述预充电完成后，向所述充电桩转发所述第一报文；
    所述控制单元接收所述充电桩发送的第二报文，所述第二报文用于指示所述充电桩充电准备就绪；
    所述控制单元向所述电池管理系统转发所述第二报文。
  13. 根据权利要求11所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述控制单元向所述充电桩转发所述第一报文；
    所述控制单元接收所述充电桩发送的第二报文，所述第二报文用于指示所述充电桩充电准备就绪；
    若所述预充电未完成，所述控制单元向所述充电桩发送暂停输出报文，所述暂停输出报文用于指示所述充电桩暂停输出充电功率。
  14. 根据权利要求11所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述控制单元向所述充电桩转发所述第一报文；
    所述控制单元接收所述充电桩发送的第二报文，所述第二报文用于指示所述充电桩充电准备就绪；
    若所述预充电未完成，所述控制单元向所述充电桩发送充电需求报文，所述充电需求报文携带需求电流值，所述需求电流值为需求电流的最小值。
  15. 一种功率转换设备，其特征在于，所述功率转换设备用于在充电桩和动力电池之间进行功率转换，所述功率转换设备包括：
    接收模块，用于接收所述动力电池的电池管理系统发送的第一报文，所述第一报文用于指示所述电池管理系统充电准备就绪；
    处理模块，用于进行预充电，所述预充电包括：对所述功率转换设备中的电容器进行充电；
    发送模块，用于在所述预充电完成后，向所述充电桩转发所述第一报文。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的功率转换设备，其特征在于，所述接收模块还用于接收所述充电桩发送的第二报文，所述第二报文用于指示所述充电桩充电准备就绪；
    所述发送模块还用于向所述电池管理系统转发所述第二报文。
  17. 根据权利要求15或16所述的功率转换设备，其特征在于，所述处理模块用于，确定所述功率转换设备为正常状态时，进行所述预充电。
  18. 根据权利要求17所述的功率转换设备，其特征在于，所述处理模块用于，在 所述预充电的过程中，检测所述功率转换设备的状态，若所述功率转换设备的状态为预充异常状态，进行异常处理。
  19. 根据权利要求15至18中任一项所述的功率转换设备，其特征在于，所述处理模块用于，在确定所述预充电完成后，结束所述预充电。
  20. 一种功率转换设备，其特征在于，所述功率转换设备用于在充电桩和动力电池之间进行功率转换，所述功率转换设备包括：控制单元和功率单元；
    所述控制单元用于在所述功率单元为正常状态时，向所述功率单元发送预充指令；
    所述功率单元用于根据所述预充指令，开始预充电，所述预充电包括：对所述功率单元中的电容器进行充电。
  21. 根据权利要求20所述的功率转换设备，其特征在于，所述控制单元还用于，在向所述功率单元发送所述预充指令之前，向所述功率单元发送无效预充指令；
    所述功率单元还用于，响应于所述无效预充指令，向所述控制单元发送第一状态报文，所述第一状态报文中携带所述功率单元的状态；
    所述控制单元还用于根据所述第一状态报文，确定所述功率单元的状态。
  22. 根据权利要求20或21所述的功率转换设备，其特征在于，所述功率单元还用于，在开始所述预充电后，检测所述功率单元的状态，向所述控制单元发送第二状态报文，所述第二状态报文中携带所述功率单元的状态。
  23. 根据权利要求22所述的功率转换设备，其特征在于，所述控制单元还用于，在所述功率单元为预充异常状态时，进行异常处理。
  24. 根据权利要求20至23中任一项所述的功率转换设备，其特征在于，所述功率单元还用于，在所述预充电完成后，向所述控制单元发送预充完成报文；
    所述控制单元还用于根据所述预充完成报文向所述功率单元发送结束预充指令。
  25. 根据权利要求20至23中任一项所述的功率转换设备，其特征在于，所述控制单元还用于，在向所述功率单元发送所述预充指令之前，接收所述动力电池的电池管理系统发送的第一报文，所述第一报文用于指示所述电池管理系统充电准备就绪。
  26. 根据权利要求25所述的功率转换设备，其特征在于，所述控制单元还用于，在所述预充电完成后，向所述充电桩转发所述第一报文；接收所述充电桩发送的第二报文，所述第二报文用于指示所述充电桩充电准备就绪；向所述电池管理系统转发所述第二报文。
  27. 根据权利要求25所述的功率转换设备，其特征在于，所述控制单元还用于，向所述充电桩转发所述第一报文；接收所述充电桩发送的第二报文，所述第二报文用于指示所述充电桩充电准备就绪；若所述预充电未完成，向所述充电桩发送暂停输出报文，所述暂停输出报文用于指示所述充电桩暂停输出充电功率。
  28. 根据权利要求25所述的功率转换设备，其特征在于，所述控制单元还用于，向所述充电桩转发所述第一报文；接收所述充电桩发送的第二报文，所述第二报文用于指示所述充电桩充电准备就绪；若所述预充电未完成，向所述充电桩发送充电需求报文，所述充电需求报文携带需求电流值，所述需求电流值为需求电流的最小值。
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