WO2022158162A1 - 鞍乗り型車両 - Google Patents
鞍乗り型車両 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2022158162A1 WO2022158162A1 PCT/JP2021/045617 JP2021045617W WO2022158162A1 WO 2022158162 A1 WO2022158162 A1 WO 2022158162A1 JP 2021045617 W JP2021045617 W JP 2021045617W WO 2022158162 A1 WO2022158162 A1 WO 2022158162A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- throttle
- switch
- brake
- braking
- grip
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
- B60T7/00—Brake-action initiating means
- B60T7/02—Brake-action initiating means for personal initiation
- B60T7/08—Brake-action initiating means for personal initiation hand actuated
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
- B60T8/00—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force
- B60T8/17—Using electrical or electronic regulation means to control braking
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62K—CYCLES; CYCLE FRAMES; CYCLE STEERING DEVICES; RIDER-OPERATED TERMINAL CONTROLS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CYCLES; CYCLE AXLE SUSPENSIONS; CYCLE SIDECARS, FORECARS, OR THE LIKE
- B62K11/00—Motorcycles, engine-assisted cycles or motor scooters with one or two wheels
- B62K11/14—Handlebar constructions, or arrangements of controls thereon, specially adapted thereto
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62K—CYCLES; CYCLE FRAMES; CYCLE STEERING DEVICES; RIDER-OPERATED TERMINAL CONTROLS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CYCLES; CYCLE AXLE SUSPENSIONS; CYCLE SIDECARS, FORECARS, OR THE LIKE
- B62K23/00—Rider-operated controls specially adapted for cycles, i.e. means for initiating control operations, e.g. levers, grips
- B62K23/02—Rider-operated controls specially adapted for cycles, i.e. means for initiating control operations, e.g. levers, grips hand actuated
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H61/00—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing
- F16H61/21—Providing engine brake control
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a saddle-ride type vehicle.
- a motorcycle includes a throttle grip that is operated by the rider's right hand and a brake lever that is operated by fingers of the right hand.
- a driving situation in which starting and stopping are frequently repeated, an operation situation may occur in which the brake lever is operated almost at the same time as the throttle grip is rotated with the right hand.
- a cam provided on the throttle grip moves the piston of the master cylinder.
- Patent Document 1 A technique for operating a handbrake by driving has been proposed (for example, Patent Document 1). This technology is advantageous in that it enables throttle operation and brake operation by operating only the throttle grip.
- the braking force is generated by rotating the throttle grip from the neutral position in the direction opposite to the direction in which the throttle is opened, so it is difficult to quickly generate the braking force with the throttle grip open.
- a saddle-ride type vehicle provided with a throttle grip for operating a throttle, which is rotatably attached to a vehicle body, has an operation switch for generating a predetermined braking force for braking the vehicle body,
- the operation switch is characterized in that it rotates together with the throttle grip.
- the operation switch may be arranged at a position exposed rearward above the grip portion of the throttle grip when the throttle grip is in a position corresponding to throttle off.
- the throttle grip may have a larger diameter portion than the grip portion, and the operation switch may be arranged in the larger diameter portion.
- the operation switch is of a push-down type, and when the operation switch is pushed down, the state in which the predetermined braking force is generated is maintained, and when the operation switch is pushed down again, the operation switch is held. It may have a control unit that cancels the state based on the operation of a switch.
- the control unit when the state is held by pressing the operation switch, the control unit releases the held state when the throttle grip rotates to a position corresponding to throttle off. good too.
- control unit may control the state in which the predetermined braking force is generated so that the throttle is turned off regardless of the rotational position of the throttle grip.
- control unit may release the held state when the brake lever is operated when the state is held by pressing the operation switch.
- a straddle-type vehicle having a throttle grip rotatably attached to a vehicle body has an operation switch for generating a predetermined braking force for braking the vehicle body, and the operation switch rotates together with the throttle grip. According to this configuration, even when the throttle grip is open, the operation switch can be operated easily and quickly, and the braking force can be generated immediately.
- the operation switch may be arranged at a position exposed rearward above the grip portion of the throttle grip when the throttle grip is in a position corresponding to throttle off. According to this configuration, the operation switch can be easily and quickly operated by the hand of the occupant holding the holding portion.
- the throttle grip may have a larger diameter portion than the grip portion, and the operation switch may be arranged in the larger diameter portion.
- the operation switch can be arranged at a position where the operation switch can be easily operated by utilizing the space of the enlarged diameter portion, and erroneous operation of the operation switch can be easily prevented.
- the operation switch is of a push-down type, and when the operation switch is pushed down, the state in which the predetermined braking force is generated is maintained, and when the operation switch is pushed down again, the operation switch is held. It may have a control unit that cancels the state based on the operation of a switch. According to this configuration, it is possible to easily and quickly switch between holding and releasing the state in which the predetermined braking force is generated.
- the control unit when the state is held by pressing the operation switch, the control unit releases the held state when the throttle grip rotates to a position corresponding to throttle off. good too.
- the held state can be released by operating the operating switch other than operating the operating switch.
- control unit may control the state in which the predetermined braking force is generated so that the throttle is turned off regardless of the rotational position of the throttle grip. According to this configuration, it is possible to easily and quickly start deceleration using the braking force (for example, engine braking) due to the resistance of the driving system.
- braking force for example, engine braking
- an actuator for generating a braking force of the vehicle body based on at least one of throttle off of the vehicle body and operation of a brake lever of the vehicle body, and the control unit includes the operation switch.
- the actuator may be driven based on the operation of to generate the predetermined braking force.
- control unit may release the held state when the brake lever is operated when the state is held by pressing the operation switch.
- the state held by operating the operation switch can also be released by operating the brake lever.
- braking by the brake operation can be given priority over braking by the operation switch.
- the control unit when the state is maintained by pressing the operation switch, even if the brake lever is operated, if the throttle grip is not in a position corresponding to throttle off, the control unit The held state may not be released. According to this configuration, a state in which a predetermined braking force is generated can be maintained until the occupant operates the throttle grip to a position corresponding to throttle-off.
- FIG. 1 is a right side view of the motorcycle according to the first embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a right-handed operation system of a motorcycle together with peripheral components.
- FIG. 3 is a side view of the throttle grip.
- FIG. 4 is a flow chart showing braking control based on the operation of the braking switch.
- FIG. 5 is a flow chart showing braking control based on the operation of the braking switch in the second embodiment.
- FIG. 6 is a flow chart showing braking control based on the operation of the braking switch in the third embodiment.
- directions such as front, rear, left, right, and up and down are directions based on the vehicle body unless otherwise specified.
- the symbol FR shown in each figure indicates the front of the vehicle body, and the symbol UP indicates the upper part of the vehicle body.
- FIG. 1 is a right side view of the motorcycle according to the first embodiment of the invention.
- a motorcycle 1 is a scooter-type motorcycle having a steering wheel 3 for steering a front wheel 2 left and right, and a low step floor 5 on which a passenger (also called a driver or rider) seated on a seat 4 rests his/her feet.
- a motorcycle 1 has front wheels 2 in front of a body frame 6 (body), and rear wheels 7 as drive wheels are pivotally supported by an engine 8 (internal combustion engine) as a power source arranged at the rear of the vehicle. .
- engine 8 internal combustion engine
- the motorcycle 1 includes a front fork 9 pivotally supported on the front end of the body frame 6 , and the front wheel 2 is pivotally supported on the lower end of the front fork 9 .
- the steering handle 3 is attached to the upper end of the front fork 9 .
- Each part of the motorcycle 1 including the body frame 6 is covered with a body cover 10 .
- the vehicle body frame 6 includes a head pipe 6A, a down frame 6B extending rearward and downward from the head pipe 6A, a pair of left and right lower frames 6C extending substantially horizontally rearward from the lower end of the down frame 6B, and a rear end of the lower frame 6C.
- a pair of left and right seat frames 6D extending rearward and upward are provided.
- the body frame 6 includes a cross member 6E that bridges the pair of left and right lower frames 6C, a cross member 6F that bridges the pair of left and right seat frames 6D, and an engine bracket 6G that projects rearward from the seat frame 6D.
- a storage box 6H is provided between the pair of left and right seat frames 6D.
- the seat 4 is supported by the vehicle body frame 6 and covers the top of the storage box 6H. The seat 4 can be opened upward by a hinge mechanism (not shown), thereby making it possible to load and unload the storage box 6H.
- the vehicle body cover 10 includes an upper cover 3010A that covers the left and right central portions of the steering handle 3, a front cover 10B that covers the head pipe 6A and the down frame 6B from the front and sides, and a head pipe 6A and the head pipe 6A that are joined to the front cover 10B from the rear. and a leg shield 10C covering the down frame 6B.
- the engine 8 is a unit swing engine in which an engine body 8A supported by an engine bracket 6G via a link mechanism (not shown) and an arm portion 8B supporting the rear wheel 7 are integrated.
- a rear suspension 8C is interposed between the arm portion 8B and the seat frame 6D.
- the motorcycle 1 includes parts that make up the engine intake system, parts that make up the engine exhaust system, parts that make up the control system that controls each part of the vehicle body including the engine 8, and parts that make up the motorcycle. 1 are arranged.
- the operation system includes a right hand operation system provided at the right end of the operation handle 3 and operated by the occupant with the right hand, and a left hand operation system provided at the left end of the operation handle 3 and operated by the occupant with the left hand.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the right-hand operation system of the motorcycle 1 together with its peripheral configuration.
- the steering handle 3 has a handle pipe 3A (FIG. 3) extending left and right.
- a throttle grip 11, a brake lever 21, and a switch box 31, which constitute a right-handed operation system, are provided at the right end of the handlebar pipe 3A.
- a left brake lever and a left switch box, which constitute a left hand operation system, are provided at the left end of the handle pipe 3A.
- the throttle grip 11 is rotatably supported on the handle pipe 3A. By rotating the throttle grip 11, the throttle of the motorcycle 1 is operated, that is, the opening degree of the throttle valve 51 is operated.
- the throttle valve 51 is a component that varies the amount of intake air to the engine 8 to vary the driving force of the rear wheels (driving wheels), and is provided in the throttle body that constitutes a part of the engine intake system.
- the throttle grip 11 has a grip body 12 and an operation switch 13 provided on the grip body 12 .
- the grip body 12 integrally includes a cylindrical grip portion 12A and an enlarged diameter portion 12B that expands in diameter over the entire circumference at the left and right inner ends (left ends in this configuration) of the grip portion 12A.
- the grip portion 12A is a member that is gripped by the occupant's right hand. Since the grip portion 12A is gripped by the occupant's right hand, the enlarged diameter portion 12B is the closest member to the occupant's right thumb.
- FIG. 3 is a side view of the throttle grip 11.
- symbol C1 indicates the rotation center of the throttle grip 11, which coincides with the axis of the handlebar pipe 3A.
- the throttle grip 11 is urged toward the throttle off side ( ⁇ side in FIG. 3) by an urging mechanism (not shown), and when the occupant does not rotate it, the throttle grip 11 is in a position corresponding to the throttle off (hereinafter referred to as a reference position). is held to 2 and 3 show the case where the throttle grip 11 is at the reference position.
- the opening of the throttle valve 51 is controlled to a large value.
- the operating switch 13 is an operating element that puts the motorcycle 1 into a predetermined braking state.
- the operating switch 13 will be referred to as "braking switch 13" for easier understanding of the description.
- the brake switch 13 is provided on the enlarged diameter portion 12B and rotates integrally with the grip body 12.
- a push-down type switch (which can also be called an operation button or a brake button) is adopted as the brake switch 13 of this configuration.
- the brake switch 13 is arranged in the enlarged diameter portion 12B at a position exposed rearward above the grip portion 12A.
- the brake switch 13 can be arranged at a position where the passenger can operate it with the thumb of the right hand while holding the grip portion 12A with the right hand, and the brake switch 13 can be easily visually recognized by the passenger. Therefore, the passenger can operate the brake switch 13 easily and quickly.
- the enlarged diameter portion 12B has an annular shape equidistant from the rotation center C1 of the throttle grip 11 in a side view.
- the annular shape of the enlarged diameter portion 12B in side view is formed with a cut portion 12C having a shape that is obliquely cut downward and rearward in a region positioned rearward and upward when in the reference position.
- a brake switch 13 is arranged in the area of the cut portion 12C. This configuration makes it easier to operate the brake switch 13 and makes it easier for the occupant to visually recognize the brake switch 13 .
- the brake switch 13 employs a vertically long operator.
- the length LA (FIG. 3) of the braking switch 13 along the rotation direction of the throttle grip 11 is formed longer than the left and right width (in this embodiment, the length LA is 2 to 3 times the left and right width). double).
- the large brake switch 13 can be arranged in the rotation direction of the throttle grip 11 while suppressing the width of the enlarged diameter portion 12B.
- the brake switch 13 can be easily accessed and the driver can easily see the brake switch 13 .
- the brake switch 13 can be easily operated.
- the surface of the brake switch 13 is arranged along the surface of the cut portion 12C, so that the surface of the brake switch 13 is aligned with the cut portion 12C when viewed from the side. Alternatively, it is arranged at a position near the surface of the cut portion 12C. As a result, when the brake switch 13 is operated, it becomes easier to prevent the enlarged diameter portion 12B from hindering the movement of the thumb.
- the angle ⁇ A indicates the amount of offset of the brake switch 13 and the cut portion 12C from the position P1 directly above the expanded diameter portion 12B when the throttle grip 11 is at the reference position.
- the angle ⁇ B indicates the amount of offset of the braking switch 13 and the cut portion 12C from the rear end position P2 of the enlarged diameter portion 12B when the throttle grip 11 is at the reference position.
- the shape of the brake switch 13, the position of the brake switch 13, the presence or absence of the cut portion 12C, and the like may be changed as long as the conditions for the brake switch 13 to rotate together with the throttle grip 11 are satisfied. Further, either one or both of the offset amounts (offset angles ⁇ A and ⁇ B) may be omitted.
- the brake switch 13 is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the enlarged diameter portion 12B, but the brake switch 13 may be provided on the side surface of the enlarged diameter portion 12B, or the brake switch 13 may be gripped with the enlarged diameter portion 12B. It may be provided at the boundary of the portion 12A, or the brake switch 13 may be provided at the grip portion 12A.
- the brake lever 21 is arranged in front of the throttle grip 11 and is operably supported on the side of the throttle grip 11 with a position on the left and right inner sides of the throttle grip 11 as a fulcrum.
- the brake lever 21 functions as a first braking operator operated by the right hand of the rider, and the brake device 52 of the motorcycle 1 is operated by operating the brake lever 21 .
- the braking force of the brake device increases according to the amount of operation of the brake lever 21 .
- the left brake lever is arranged symmetrically with the right brake lever 21, and functions as a second braking operator operated by the left hand of the occupant.
- the brake device 52 of the motorcycle 1 is also operated by operating the left brake lever. If the motorcycle 1 is of a type that does not have a left brake lever, it may be provided with a brake lever operated by the rider's foot. Since the brake switch 13 is also an operator for putting the vehicle body into a braking state, the brake switch 13 can also be called a third brake operator.
- the switch box 31 has a housing 32 arranged adjacent to the throttle grip 11 .
- the housing 32 is supported on the handle pipe 3A on the left and right inner sides of the throttle grip 11 .
- a switch group 33 for operating each part of the motorcycle 1 is arranged in the housing 32 .
- the switch group 33 is switches that are operated mainly by the thumb of the passenger, and in this configuration, are a plurality of switches that operate the lamps 53 and the horn 54 that the motorcycle 1 has.
- the switch group 33 may include an engine stop switch, but is basically a switch group that does not relate to the operation of the driving force and braking force of the motorcycle 1 .
- the motorcycle 1 includes a throttle sensor 55 (also referred to as an accelerator opening sensor (APS)) that detects the operation of the throttle grip 11, a brake sensor 56 that detects the operation of the left and right brake levers, and an ECU 61 that functions as a control unit that centrally controls each part of the motorcycle 1 .
- the ECU 61 also functions as a computer that controls the motorcycle 1 .
- the ECU 61 inputs a rider's operation, and drives an engine driving section 57, a brake driving section 58, lights 53, and a horn 54 of the motorcycle 1 based on the input rider's operation.
- the crew operation input by the ECU 61 includes operation of the throttle grip 11 detected by the throttle sensor 55, brake operation detected by the brake sensor 56, operation of the switch group 33 of the switch box 31, and operation of the brake switch 13. I'm in.
- the engine driving section 57 has electrical components for driving related to the driving force of the motorcycle 1 under the control of the ECU 61 . More specifically, the engine drive unit 57 includes a throttle actuator 57A that drives the throttle valve 51 to vary the amount of intake air, an injector (not shown) that varies the amount of fuel injected into the engine 8, and an ignition coil of the engine 8. has an igniter (not shown) that applies a high voltage to the .
- the throttle actuator 57A is, for example, a motor that drives the throttle valve 51 to rotate. That is, the motorcycle 1 of this embodiment includes a throttle-by-wire system (also called an electronic throttle system) that drives the throttle valve 51 with an electric signal.
- the injector and igniter are controlled based on various conditions such as the opening of the throttle sensor 55, the opening of the throttle valve 51, and the speed.
- the brake drive unit 58 has electrical components for braking related to the braking force of the motorcycle 1 under the control of the ECU 61 . More specifically, the brake drive section 58 has a brake actuator 58A that drives the brake device 52 .
- the brake device 52 includes a front wheel brake device that brakes the front wheels and a rear wheel brake device that brakes the rear wheels. Each braking device is a known hydraulic or cable braking device, and in this embodiment is hydraulic.
- the brake actuator 58A is an electric motor that operates a master cylinder of a hydraulic brake device. That is, the motorcycle 1 of this embodiment has a brake-by-wire system that drives the brake device 52 with an electric signal. Note that the brake device 52 may be driven using an electrical component other than the electric motor. Moreover, when the brake device 52 is of a cable type, the brake actuator 58A may be provided with a structure that operates the cable.
- the lamps 53 include lamps 13L arranged on the brake switch 13 in addition to the lamps that the motorcycle 1 generally has.
- the lamp 13L is, for example, an LED element.
- the ECU 61 performs control to turn on the lamp 13L when the brake switch 13 is pressed, and to turn off the lamp 13L when the brake switch 13 is pressed again. This allows the rider to easily recognize whether the motorcycle 1 is in a predetermined deceleration state. Note that the arrangement of the lamp 13L and lighting control may be changed, or the configuration without the lamp 13L may be employed. Braking control based on operation of the braking switch 13 will be described with reference to FIG.
- FIG. 4 is a flow chart showing braking control based on the operation of the braking switch 13.
- the braking switch 13 is set to the off state.
- the ECU 61 determines whether or not the brake switch 13 is on (step S1). Since the brake switch 13 is of a push-down type, when the brake switch 13 is pushed down, the ECU 61 determines that the brake switch 13 is turned on (step S1; YES), and controls a predetermined braking state (step S2).
- step S1 the brake switch 13 is turned off
- the ECU 61 once ends the execution of the process of the flowchart shown in FIG.
- the ECU 61 starts the process of the flowchart shown in FIG. 4 at predetermined intervals while the engine 8 of the motorcycle 1 is running. Therefore, while the engine 8 is starting, it is continuously monitored whether the brake switch 13 is on.
- step S2 the ECU 61 quickly sets the opening of the throttle valve 51 to zero (throttle off) regardless of the rotational position of the throttle grip 11 by controlling the throttle actuator 57A.
- a braking force is generated by the resistance of the driving system including the engine 8, that is, engine braking is generated.
- the rider can decelerate the motorcycle 1 without returning the throttle grip 11 to the throttle off position or operating the brake lever 21 or the like.
- the brake switch 13 Since the brake switch 13 is positioned so that it can be operated quickly by the passenger, the brake switch 13 can be operated more easily and quickly than when returning the throttle grip 11 to the throttle off position or operating the brake lever 21 or the like. can.
- the occupant can quickly start decelerating, making it easier to fine-tune the vehicle speed and quickly decelerate or stop the vehicle under low-speed conditions.
- the brake lever 21 is operated almost simultaneously with turning the throttle grip 11 with the right hand
- turning the throttle grip 11 with the right hand causes the A simple operation method of operating the brake switch 13 almost at the same time. Therefore, it becomes possible to facilitate the driving operation.
- step S3 the ECU 61 determines whether or not the braking switch 13 is off. If the brake switch 13 is not pressed again, the ECU 61 determines that the brake switch 13 is not off (step S3; NO), and continues the braking state of step S2. On the other hand, when the braking switch 13 is pressed again, the ECU 61 determines that the braking switch 13 is ON (step S3; YES), and cancels the predetermined braking state (step S4). In this case, the ECU 61 performs normal control to control the throttle actuator 57A in accordance with the rotational position of the throttle grip 11 . As a result, the driving force of the vehicle body is variably controlled according to the operation of the throttle grip 11 by the passenger.
- the motorcycle 1 of this embodiment has the brake switch 13 which is an operation switch for generating a predetermined braking force for braking the vehicle body, and the brake switch 13 is rotated together with the throttle grip 11. ing.
- the brake switch 13 can be operated easily and quickly, and braking force can be generated immediately.
- the deceleration operation becomes easier, and for example, the driving operation becomes easier in a driving situation in which starting and stopping are frequently repeated. It should be noted that it is not limited to driving situations in which starting and stopping are frequently repeated, and the effect of facilitating the deceleration operation at low speeds and the speed adjustment operation at high speeds can be expected.
- the brake switch 13 is arranged at a position exposed rearward above the grip portion 12A of the throttle grip 11 when the throttle grip 11 is in a position corresponding to throttle off. According to this configuration, the brake switch 13 can be easily accessed with the fingers of the hand that grips the grip portion 12A, and the brake switch 13 can be easily visually recognized by the occupant. This also makes it possible to improve the operability of the brake switch 13 . Also, the braking switch 13 is arranged in the enlarged diameter portion 12B, which is a portion having a larger diameter than the grip portion 12A. As a result, the brake switch 13 can be arranged at a position where it is easy to operate using the space of the enlarged diameter portion 12B. In addition, erroneous operation of the brake switch 13 can be more easily prevented than when the brake switch 13 is arranged on the grip portion 12A.
- the ECU 61 functions as a control unit that maintains a predetermined braking state when the braking switch 13 is pressed, and releases the predetermined braking state when the braking switch 13 is pressed again. As a result, the occupant can easily and quickly switch between holding and releasing the predetermined braking state. Further, the ECU 61 controls the throttle to be off regardless of the rotational position of the throttle grip 11 as a predetermined braking state. As a result, deceleration using engine braking can be started easily and quickly.
- the ECU 61 uses the throttle actuator 57A capable of generating a braking force by turning off the throttle of the vehicle body, and controls the braking state when the brake switch 13 is pressed.
- the throttle system in this embodiment, a throttle-by-wire system
- the braking force is obtained using the throttle system, it becomes easy to install the brake switch 13 for generating the braking force even in a motorcycle that does not have a brake-by-wire system.
- FIG. 5 is a flow chart showing braking control based on the operation of the braking switch 13. As shown in FIG. Note that steps similar to those of the first embodiment are indicated with the same step numbers, and repeated explanations are omitted.
- step S5 when the ECU 61 determines in step S3 that the brake switch 13 is not off, the ECU 61 determines whether the throttle grip 11 is in a position corresponding to throttle off (step S5). When the position does not correspond to throttle-off (step S5; NO), the predetermined braking state corresponding to throttle-off is continued. On the other hand, in step S5, when the throttle grip 11 is in the position corresponding to throttle off (step S5; YES), the ECU 61 cancels the predetermined braking state corresponding to throttle off (step S4).
- step S2 after the ECU 61 controls the brake switch 13 to a predetermined braking state (step S2), when the throttle grip 11 is rotated to the position corresponding to the throttle off, the brake switch 13 is operated. the specified braking state is released.
- the braking state by operating the brake switch 13 can be smoothly shifted to the braking state by throttle off.
- step S5 the ECU 61 determines whether or not the brake operation has been performed. If the brake operation has not been performed, the process proceeds to step S2. You may make it move.
- the brake operation is operation of any brake lever including the brake lever 21 .
- the braking state based on the operation of the brake switch 13 can be released by the brake operation in addition to the operation of the brake switch 13 . Further, since the braking operation is also an operation for braking, braking by the braking operation can be prioritized over braking by the braking switch 13 .
- FIG. 6 is a flow chart showing braking control based on the operation of the braking switch 13. As shown in FIG. Note that steps similar to those of the second embodiment are indicated with the same step numbers, and repeated explanations are omitted.
- step S5 when the throttle grip 11 is in a position corresponding to throttle off (step S5; YES), the ECU 61 determines whether or not the brake operation has been performed (step S6), when there is no brake operation (step S6; NO), a predetermined braking state corresponding to throttle off is continued.
- step S6 if there is a brake operation (step S6; YES), the ECU 61 cancels the predetermined braking state corresponding to throttle off (step S4).
- the brake operation is operation of any brake lever including the brake lever 21 .
- the ECU 61 controls the braking switch 13 to a predetermined braking state by operating the braking switch 13, and then, when the throttle grip 11 is rotated to the position corresponding to the throttle OFF and there is a braking operation, the braking switch 13 is turned on. Releases the predetermined braking state regardless of the operation of .
- a predetermined braking state is maintained until the occupant operates the throttle grip to a position corresponding to throttle-off. braking force can be generated.
- the motorcycle 1 of the fourth embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that the brake switch 13 is operated to drive the brake device 52 .
- the brake switch 13 When the brake switch 13 is turned on from off, the ECU 61 obtains a predetermined braking state by the brake device 52 by controlling the brake actuator 58A. For example, by maintaining a predetermined braking state of approximately 0.3 G by the braking device 52, a braking state similar to engine braking can be achieved.
- the brake actuator 58A is controlled, it is easier to obtain various braking states than when the throttle actuator 57A is controlled.
- the braking force is not limited to the same level as the engine braking, and it is possible to obtain a stronger braking force or change the braking force with time.
- a braking force equivalent to engine braking is obtained by using the braking system, it is easy to install the braking switch 13 that generates braking force even in a motorcycle that does not have a throttle-by-wire system.
- the method of dividing the units of processing and the order of processing in each of the flowcharts described above are not limited to the illustrated examples.
- the present invention is not limited to this, and can be applied to a saddle type vehicle including three-wheeled and four-wheeled types in addition to motorcycles. You may
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Automatic Cycles, And Cycles In General (AREA)
- Braking Elements And Transmission Devices (AREA)
- Regulating Braking Force (AREA)
- Control Of Transmission Device (AREA)
- Steering Devices For Bicycles And Motorcycles (AREA)
Abstract
Description
このような運転状況で、運転操作を楽にする技術として、スロットルグリップをニュートラル位置からスロットルを開く方向とは反対方向に回動させたときに、スロットルグリップに設けたカムによって、マスターシリンダのピストンを駆動させることによって、ハンドブレーキを動作させる技術が提案されている(例えば特許文献1)。この技術は、スロットル操作とブレーキ操作とをスロットルグリップだけの操作で可能にする点で有利である。
本発明は、上述した事情に鑑みてなされたものであり、スロットルグリップを開いた状態でも容易かつ素早く制動力を発生可能にすることを目的とする。
上記目的を達成するために、車体に回動自在に取り付けられ、スロットルを操作するスロットルグリップを備える鞍乗り型車両において、前記車体を制動させる所定の制動力を発生させる操作スイッチを有し、前記操作スイッチは、前記スロットルグリップと共に回動することを特徴とする。
この構成によれば、ブレーキレバーの操作によっても、操作スイッチの操作によって保持された前記状態を解除できる。また、操作スイッチによる制動よりも、ブレーキ操作による制動を優先できる。
この構成によれば、乗員がスロットルグリップをスロットルオフに対応する位置に操作するまでは所定の制動力を発生した状態を維持することができる。
図1は、本発明の第1実施形態に係る自動二輪車の右側面図である。
自動二輪車1は、前輪2を左右に操行する操行ハンドル3を備え、シート4に着座した乗員(運転者、ライダーとも言う)が足を載せる低床のステップフロア5を有するスクータ型の自動二輪車である。自動二輪車1は、車体フレーム6(車体)の前方に前輪2を有し、駆動輪である後輪7は、車両後部に配置される動力源であるエンジン8(内燃機関)に軸支される。
車体フレーム6は、ヘッドパイプ6Aと、ヘッドパイプ6Aから後下方に延びるダウンフレーム6Bと、ダウンフレーム6Bの下端から後方へ略水平に延びる左右一対のロアフレーム6Cと、ロアフレーム6Cの後端から後上がりに延びる左右一対のシートフレーム6Dとを備える。
左右一対のシートフレーム6D間には、収納ボックス6Hが設けられる。シート4は、車体フレーム6に支持されて収納ボックス6Hの上方を覆う。このシート4は、不図示のヒンジ機構によって上方に開くことができ、これによって収納ボックス6Hに荷物を出し入れ可能になる。
エンジン8は、エンジンブラケット6Gに不図示のリンク機構を介して支持されるエンジン本体8Aと、後輪7を支持するアーム部8Bとが一体化されたユニットスイングエンジンである。アーム部8Bとシートフレーム6Dとの間には、リアサスペンション8Cが介挿される。
操作系は、操行ハンドル3の右端部に設けられて乗員が右手で操作する右手操作系と、操行ハンドル3の左端部に設けられて乗員が左手で操作する左手操作系とを含んでいる。
図2に示すように、操行ハンドル3は、左右に延びるハンドルパイプ3A(図3)を備えている。ハンドルパイプ3Aの右端部には、右手操作系を構成するスロットルグリップ11、ブレーキレバー21及びスイッチボックス31が設けられている。なお、ハンドルパイプ3Aの左端部には、左手操作系を構成する左側ブレーキレバー、及び左側スイッチボックスが設けられている。
スロットルグリップ11は、不図示の付勢機構によってスロットルオフ側(図3中のα側)に付勢され、乗員に回動操作されない場合、スロットルオフに対応する位置(以下、基準位置と言う)に保持される。図2及び図3は、スロットルグリップ11が基準位置の場合を示している。スロットルグリップ11は、スロットルオン側(図3中のβ側)に回動操作されることによって、スロットルバルブ51の開度が大きい値に制御される。
図2及び図3に示すように、スロットルグリップ11が基準位置の場合、制動スイッチ13は、拡径部12Bのうち、把持部12Aよりも上側にて後方に露出する位置に配置される。これにより、乗員が右手で把持部12Aを把持した状態で、右手の親指で操作可能な位置に制動スイッチ13を配置でき、かつ、乗員が制動スイッチ13を容易に視認できる。したがって、乗員が制動スイッチ13を容易かつ素早く操作できる。
これらのオフセット量(オフセット角度θA,θB)を適宜な値に設定することによって、制動スイッチ13を真上位置P1又は最後端位置P2を避けた位置に配置し、制動スイッチ13の操作性向上に有利となる。
例えば、本構成では、制動スイッチ13を、拡径部12Bの外周面に設ける場合を例示したが、制動スイッチ13を拡径部12Bの側面に設けたり、制動スイッチ13を拡径部12Bと把持部12Aの境界箇所に設けたり、制動スイッチ13を把持部12Aに設けたりしてもよい。
ブレーキレバー21は、スロットルグリップ11の前方に配置され、スロットルグリップ11よりも左右内側の位置を支点にしてスロットルグリップ11側に操作自在に支持される。このブレーキレバー21は、乗員が右手で操作する第1の制動用操作子として機能し、このブレーキレバー21が操作されることによって自動二輪車1のブレーキ装置52が作動する。ブレーキレバー21の操作量に応じてブレーキ装置の制動力が増大する。
上記制動スイッチ13も車体を制動状態にする操作子であるので、制動スイッチ13を第3の制動用操作子と言うこともできる。
ECU61は、乗員の操作を入力し、入力した乗員の操作に基づいて、自動二輪車1が有するエンジン駆動部57、ブレーキ駆動部58、灯火類53及びホーン54を駆動する。ECU61が入力する乗員操作は、スロットルセンサ55によって検出されたスロットルグリップ11の操作、ブレーキセンサ56によって検出されたブレーキ操作、スイッチボックス31のスイッチ群33の操作、及び、制動スイッチ13の操作を含んでいる。
スロットルアクチュエータ57Aは、例えば、スロットルバルブ51を回転駆動するモータである。すなわち、本実施形態の自動二輪車1は、スロットルバルブ51を電気信号で駆動するスロットルバイワイヤシステム(電子スロットルシステムとも称する)を備えている。
インジェクタ及びイグナイタの制御は、スロットルセンサ55の開度、スロットルバルブ51の開度、及び、速度といった従来と同様の各種の条件に基づいて行われる。
ブレーキ装置52は、前輪を制動する前輪ブレーキ装置と、後輪を制動する後輪ブレーキ装置とを含んでいる。各ブレーキ装置は、油圧式又はケーブル式の公知のブレーキ装置であり、本実施形態では油圧式である。ブレーキアクチュエータ58Aは、油圧式のブレーキ装置が有するマスターシリンダを作動させる電動モータである。すなわち、本実施形態の自動二輪車1は、ブレーキ装置52を電気信号で駆動するブレーキバイワイヤシステムを備えている。
なお、電動モータ以外の電装品を用いてブレーキ装置52を駆動してもよい。また、ブレーキ装置52がケーブル式の場合、ブレーキアクチュエータ58Aはケーブルを作動させる構成を備えればよい。
ECU61は、制動スイッチ13が押下された場合、この自動二輪車1を所定の制動状態に制御する制動制御と、ランプ13Lを点灯/消灯させる点灯制御とを行う。
まず、ECU61は、制動スイッチ13がオンか否かを判定する(ステップS1)。制動スイッチ13は押下式であるので、ECU61は、制動スイッチ13が押下されると、制動スイッチ13がオンと判定し(ステップS1;YES)、所定の制動状態に制御する(ステップS2)。一方、ECU61は、制動スイッチ13がオフの場合、図4に示すフローチャートの処理の実行を一端、終了する。なお、ECU61は、自動二輪車1のエンジン8が始動している間、図4に示すフローチャートの処理を所定の周期で開始する。したがって、エンジン8が始動している間、制動スイッチ13がオンか否かが継続して監視される。
これにより、乗員はスロットルグリップ11をスロットルオフ位置に戻したり、ブレーキレバー21等を操作したりしなくても自動二輪車1を減速させることが可能になる。この制動スイッチ13は、乗員が素早く操作できる位置にあるので、スロットルグリップ11をスロットルオフ位置に戻したり、ブレーキレバー21等を操作したりする場合と比べて、容易かつ迅速に制動スイッチ13を操作できる。
また、始動と停止を頻繁に繰り返す運転状況で、右手でスロットルグリップ11を回動させるとほぼ同時にブレーキレバー21の操作を行う操作状況が発生しても、右手でスロットルグリップ11を回動させるとほぼ同時に制動スイッチ13の操作を行う、という簡易な操作方法で対応することが可能になる。したがって、運転操作を楽にすることが可能になる。
一方、制動スイッチ13が再び押下されると、ECU61は、制動スイッチ13がオンと判定し(ステップS3;YES)、所定の制動状態を解除する(ステップS4)。この場合、ECU61は、スロットルグリップ11の回動位置に合わせてスロットルアクチュエータ57Aを制御する通常の制御を行う。これにより、乗員によるスロットルグリップ11の操作に合わせて車体の駆動力が可変制御される。
また、制動スイッチ13は、把持部12Aよりも大径の部分である拡径部12Bに配置されている。これにより、拡径部12Bのスペースを利用して制動スイッチ13を操作し易い位置に配置できる。また、制動スイッチ13を仮に把持部12Aに配置した場合と比べ、制動スイッチ13の誤操作を防止し易くなる。
また、ECU61は、所定の制動状態として、スロットルグリップ11の回動位置に関わらずスロットルオフにした状態に制御する。これにより、エンジンブレーキを利用した減速を容易かつ素早く開始させることができる。
第2実施形態の自動二輪車1は、制動スイッチ13の操作に基づく制動制御が異なる点を除いて、第1実施形態の自動二輪車1と同様である。
図5は、制動スイッチ13の操作に基づく制動制御を示すフローチャートである。なお、第1実施形態と同様のステップは同一のステップ番号を付して示し、重複説明は省略する。
一方、ステップS5において、スロットルグリップ11がスロットルオフに対応する位置になった場合に(ステップS5;YES)、ECU61は、スロットルオフに相当する所定の制動状態を解除する(ステップS4)。
この構成によれば、制動スイッチ13の操作以外に、ブレーキ操作によっても制動スイッチ13の操作に基づく制動状態を解除できる。また、ブレーキ操作も制動を行う操作であるので、制動スイッチ13による制動よりも、ブレーキ操作による制動を優先できる。
第3実施形態の自動二輪車1は、制動スイッチ13の操作に基づく制動制御が異なる点を除いて、第2実施形態の自動二輪車1と同様である。
図6は、制動スイッチ13の操作に基づく制動制御を示すフローチャートである。なお、第2実施形態と同様のステップは同一のステップ番号を付して示し、重複説明は省略する。
第4実施形態の自動二輪車1は、制動スイッチ13の操作による制動状態が、ブレーキ装置52を駆動させた状態である点が第1実施形態と異なる。
制動スイッチ13がオフからオンに操作された場合、ECU61は、ブレーキアクチュエータ58Aを制御することによってブレーキ装置52により所定の制動状態を得る。例えば、ブレーキ装置52によって0.3G程度の予め定めた制動状態を維持することによって、エンジンブレーキと同程度の制動状態にすることができる。
例えば、制動スイッチ13に押下式のスイッチを適用する場合を説明したが、これに限定されず。制動スイッチ13に、スライドスイッチなどの公知の他のスイッチを適用してもよい。また、上述の各実施形態は、自動二輪車1が有するスロットル系統、及び、ブレーキ系統の少なくともいずれかを利用して、制動スイッチ13が操作された場合に制動力を発生させる場合を説明したが、この構成に限定しなくてもよい。例えば、制動スイッチ13が操作された場合に制動力を発生させるための専用の簡易ブレーキ装置を設けるようにしてもよい。
3 操行ハンドル
3A ハンドルパイプ
6 車体フレーム
8 エンジン(動力源,パワーユニット)
11 スロットルグリップ
12 グリップ本体
12A 把持部
12B 拡径部
13 操作スイッチ(制動スイッチ,操作ボタン)
13L ランプ
21 ブレーキレバー
31 スイッチボックス
51 スロットルバルブ
52 ブレーキ装置
53 灯火類
54 ホーン
55 スロットルセンサ
56 ブレーキセンサ
57 エンジン駆動部
57A スロットルアクチュエータ
58 ブレーキ駆動部
58A ブレーキアクチュエータ
61 ECU(制御部)
Claims (9)
- 車体に回動自在に取り付けられたスロットルグリップ(11)を備える鞍乗り型車両において、
前記車体を制動させる所定の制動力を発生させる操作スイッチ(13)を有し、
前記操作スイッチ(13)は、前記スロットルグリップ(11)と共に回動することを特徴とする鞍乗り型車両。 - 前記操作スイッチ(13)は、前記スロットルグリップ(11)をスロットルオフに対応する位置にした状態で、前記スロットルグリップ(11)の把持部(12A)よりも上側にて後方に露出する位置に配置されていることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の鞍乗り型車両。
- 前記スロットルグリップ(11)は、前記把持部(12A)よりも大径の部分(12B)を有し、
前記操作スイッチ(13)は、前記大径の部分(12B)に配置されていることを特徴とする請求項2に記載の鞍乗り型車両。 - 前記操作スイッチ(13)は押下式であり、
前記操作スイッチ(13)が押下されると、前記所定の制動力が発生した状態を保持し、前記操作スイッチ(13)が再び押下されると、前記操作スイッチ(12)の操作に基づく前記状態を解除する制御部(61)を有することを特徴とする請求項1から3のいずれか一項に記載の鞍乗り型車両。 - 前記制御部(61)は、前記操作スイッチ(13)の押下によって前記状態を保持するときに、前記スロットルグリップ(11)がスロットルオフに対応する位置に回動すると、前記保持した前記状態を解除することを特徴とする請求項4に記載の鞍乗り型車両。
- 前記制御部(61)は、前記所定の制動力が発生した状態として、前記スロットルグリップ(11)の回動位置に関わらずスロットルオフにした状態に制御することを特徴とする請求項4又は5に記載の鞍乗り型車両。
- 前記車体のスロットルオフ、及び、前記車体が有するブレーキレバー(21)の操作の少なくともいずれかに基づいて前記車体の制動力を発生させるアクチュエータ(57A,58A)を備え、
前記制御部は、前記操作スイッチ(13)の操作に基づいて前記アクチュエータ(57A,58A)を駆動して前記所定の制動力を発生させることを特徴とする請求項4から6のいずれか一項に記載の鞍乗り型車両。 - 前記制御部(61)は、前記操作スイッチ(13)の押下によって前記状態を保持するときに、前記ブレーキレバー(21)が操作されると、前記保持した前記状態を解除することを特徴とする請求項7に記載の鞍乗り型車両。
- 前記制御部(61)は、前記操作スイッチ(13)の押下によって前記状態を保持するときに、前記ブレーキレバー(21)が操作されても、前記スロットルグリップ(11)がスロットルオフに対応する位置でない場合は、前記保持した前記状態を解除しないことを特徴とする請求項8に記載の鞍乗り型車両。
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| JP2006046633A (ja) * | 2004-07-02 | 2006-02-16 | Yamaha Motor Co Ltd | 車両 |
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| WO2015111168A1 (ja) * | 2014-01-23 | 2015-07-30 | 株式会社エフ・シ-・シ- | 鞍乗り型車両 |
| JP2020158061A (ja) * | 2019-03-28 | 2020-10-01 | 川崎重工業株式会社 | 乗物 |
| JP2021006709A (ja) * | 2019-06-28 | 2021-01-21 | ヤマハ発動機株式会社 | 鞍乗型車両 |
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- 2021-12-10 WO PCT/JP2021/045617 patent/WO2022158162A1/ja not_active Ceased
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| JP2006046633A (ja) * | 2004-07-02 | 2006-02-16 | Yamaha Motor Co Ltd | 車両 |
| WO2006006506A1 (ja) * | 2004-07-09 | 2006-01-19 | Yamaha Hatsudoki Kabushiki Kaisha | 鞍乗型車両および無段変速機の変速制御装置 |
| JP2006315663A (ja) * | 2005-04-14 | 2006-11-24 | Advics:Kk | 自動二輪車用ブレーキ装置の制御装置 |
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| JP2021006709A (ja) * | 2019-06-28 | 2021-01-21 | ヤマハ発動機株式会社 | 鞍乗型車両 |
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| JPWO2022158162A1 (ja) | 2022-07-28 |
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