WO2022154441A1 - 배터리 관리 장치 및 방법 - Google Patents
배터리 관리 장치 및 방법 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022154441A1 WO2022154441A1 PCT/KR2022/000491 KR2022000491W WO2022154441A1 WO 2022154441 A1 WO2022154441 A1 WO 2022154441A1 KR 2022000491 W KR2022000491 W KR 2022000491W WO 2022154441 A1 WO2022154441 A1 WO 2022154441A1
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- voltage
- cycle
- battery
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 12
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
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- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006183 anode active material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
- H02J7/00712—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters
- H02J7/007182—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters in response to battery voltage
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
- H01M10/448—End of discharge regulating measures
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R19/00—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
- G01R19/165—Indicating that current or voltage is either above or below a predetermined value or within or outside a predetermined range of values
- G01R19/16533—Indicating that current or voltage is either above or below a predetermined value or within or outside a predetermined range of values characterised by the application
- G01R19/16538—Indicating that current or voltage is either above or below a predetermined value or within or outside a predetermined range of values characterised by the application in AC or DC supplies
- G01R19/16542—Indicating that current or voltage is either above or below a predetermined value or within or outside a predetermined range of values characterised by the application in AC or DC supplies for batteries
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0047—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with monitoring or indicating devices or circuits
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0047—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with monitoring or indicating devices or circuits
- H02J7/0048—Detection of remaining charge capacity or state of charge [SOC]
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
- H02J7/00712—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters
- H02J7/007182—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters in response to battery voltage
- H02J7/007184—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters in response to battery voltage in response to battery voltage gradient
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/382—Arrangements for monitoring battery or accumulator variables, e.g. SoC
- G01R31/3835—Arrangements for monitoring battery or accumulator variables, e.g. SoC involving only voltage measurements
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
- H01M2010/4271—Battery management systems including electronic circuits, e.g. control of current or voltage to keep battery in healthy state, cell balancing
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a battery management apparatus and method, and more particularly, to a battery management apparatus and method capable of improving performance efficiency of a battery.
- the present invention has been devised to solve the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a battery management apparatus and method capable of increasing the performance efficiency and lifespan of the battery by adjusting the discharge termination voltage of the battery.
- a battery management apparatus includes: a measuring unit configured to measure the voltage of the battery after discharging the battery to a preset discharging end voltage for each cycle; and receiving voltage information of the battery from the measuring unit for each cycle, calculating a first voltage deviation of the battery based on a preset first reference voltage and a voltage of the battery, and calculating the first voltage deviation in each cycle a control unit configured to calculate a second voltage deviation between the voltage deviation and a preset second reference voltage, and to adjust the discharge termination voltage based on the reference deviation set to correspond to the current cycle and the second voltage deviation calculated in the current cycle; may include
- the control unit may be configured to determine a cycle section to which the current cycle belongs among a plurality of preset cycle sections, and to adjust the discharge termination voltage based on a reference deviation set for the determined cycle section and the calculated second voltage deviation can
- the controller may be configured to increase the discharge termination voltage when the calculated second voltage deviation is equal to or greater than the reference deviation.
- the plurality of cycle periods may be set based on a capacity retention rate for each cycle of the reference cell corresponding to the battery.
- the control unit obtains a capacity profile indicating a correspondence relationship between a cycle and a capacity with respect to the reference cell corresponding to the battery, and divides a plurality of cycles included in the capacity profile into a plurality of cycle sections according to a capacity change rate for the cycle It can be configured to set the division.
- the control unit may be configured to set the reference deviation in each of the plurality of cycle sections, and set the reference deviation corresponding to the first cycle section among the plurality of cycle sections to be lower than the reference deviation corresponding to the remaining cycle sections have.
- the controller may be configured to change the second reference voltage to the first voltage deviation corresponding to a cycle after the discharge termination voltage is changed after the discharge termination voltage is changed.
- the measuring unit may be configured to measure the rest voltage of the battery after a predetermined time has elapsed after the discharging of the battery is terminated, and to transmit the rest voltage as voltage information of the battery.
- the controller may be configured to calculate the first voltage deviation by calculating a difference between the rest voltage and the first reference voltage.
- a battery pack according to another aspect of the present invention may include the battery management apparatus according to an aspect of the present invention.
- a battery management method includes: a voltage measuring step of measuring the voltage of the battery after discharging the battery to a preset discharging end voltage for each cycle; a first voltage deviation calculating step of calculating a first voltage deviation of the battery based on a preset first reference voltage and a voltage of the battery; a second voltage deviation calculating step of calculating a second voltage deviation between the first voltage deviation and a preset second reference voltage in each cycle; and adjusting the discharge termination voltage based on a reference deviation set to correspond to the current cycle and a second voltage deviation calculated in the current cycle.
- the battery management apparatus has the advantage of improving the performance efficiency of the battery and increasing the lifespan of the battery by adjusting the discharge termination voltage based on the voltage of the battery.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically illustrating a battery management apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram schematically illustrating a voltage profile of a battery and a voltage profile of a reference cell according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram schematically illustrating a capacity profile of a battery and a capacity profile of a reference cell according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram schematically illustrating a CE profile of a battery and a CE profile of a reference cell according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram schematically illustrating an exemplary configuration of a battery pack according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram schematically illustrating a battery management method according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically illustrating a battery management apparatus 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the battery management apparatus 100 may include a measurement unit 110 and a control unit 120 .
- the measurement unit 110 may be configured to measure the voltage of the battery after discharging of the battery to a preset discharging termination voltage is terminated for each cycle.
- the battery includes a negative terminal and a positive terminal, and means one physically separable cell.
- one pouch-type lithium ion battery may be regarded as a battery.
- the cycle may indicate the number of times the battery is fully discharged after being fully charged.
- SOC state of charge
- the measurement unit 110 may be configured to measure the rest voltage of the battery after a predetermined time has elapsed after the discharge of the battery is terminated.
- the measurement unit 110 may measure an open circuit voltage (OCV) of the battery after a predetermined time has elapsed after discharging to the battery is terminated.
- OCV open circuit voltage
- control unit 120 may be configured to receive the voltage information of the battery from the measurement unit 110 every cycle.
- control unit 120 may be communicatively connected to the measurement unit 110 . Accordingly, the control unit 120 may receive the voltage information of the battery from the measurement unit 110 every cycle.
- the measurement unit 110 may be configured to transmit voltage information of the battery to the control unit 120 every cycle, and transmit the rest voltage as voltage information of the battery.
- the controller 120 may be configured to calculate a first voltage deviation of the battery based on a preset first reference voltage and a voltage of the battery.
- the controller 120 may calculate the first voltage deviation by calculating Equation 1 below.
- VD1 V - VR1
- VD1 may be the first voltage deviation
- V may be the voltage of the battery measured by the measurement unit 110
- VR1 may be the first reference voltage
- the first reference voltage is set for a battery in a beginning of life (BOL) state, and may be set as an open-circuit voltage for the battery in a BOL state.
- the first reference voltage may be set to an open-circuit voltage after discharging the battery in the BOL state is terminated. That is, the first voltage deviation VD1 may be calculated according to a difference between a preset first reference voltage (open voltage) and a measured voltage (open voltage) of the battery.
- the voltage profile Pv of the battery may be a profile indicating a correspondence relationship between the cycle and the voltage of the battery.
- the first voltage deviation VD1 may be preset to 0 mV in the 0th cycle.
- the first voltage deviation VD1 may be calculated to be -7 mV as a result of the calculation of "the voltage V of the battery - the first reference voltage VR1" according to Equation (1). That is, in the 19th cycle, the voltage V of the battery may be lower than the first reference voltage VR1 .
- the controller 120 may be configured to calculate a second voltage deviation between the first voltage deviation and a preset second reference voltage in each cycle.
- the controller 120 may calculate the second voltage deviation by calculating Equation 2 below.
- VD2
- VD2 may be the second voltage deviation
- VD1 may be the first voltage deviation according to Equation 1
- VR2 may be the second reference voltage.
- the second reference voltage VR2 may be the first voltage deviation VD1 in the 0th cycle or a cycle immediately after the discharge termination voltage is changed.
- the second reference voltage VR2 of the 0th to 19th cycles may be 0mV. That is, the reference cycle in the 0th to 19th cycles may be the 0th cycle, and the second reference voltage VR2 may be 0mV, which is the first voltage deviation VD1 of the 0th cycle. That is, in the 0th cycle, the first voltage deviation VD1 and the second reference voltage VR2 may be preset to 0 mV.
- the controller 120 calculates the difference between the first voltage deviation VD1 and the second reference voltage VR2 of the battery according to Equation 2 to calculate the second voltage deviation VD2 can do.
- the second reference voltage VR2 of the 20th cycle to the 139th cycle may be 28mV. That is, the reference cycle in the twentieth cycle to the 139th cycle may be the twentieth cycle, and the second reference voltage VR2 may be 28 mV, which is the first voltage deviation VD1 of the twentieth cycle.
- the controller 120 calculates a difference between the first voltage deviation VD1 and the second reference voltage VR2 of the battery according to Equation 2 to calculate the second voltage deviation VD2 can do.
- the reference cycle after the 140th cycle is the 140th cycle
- the second reference voltage VR2 may be 56mV, which is the first voltage deviation VD1 of the 140th cycle.
- the controller 120 calculates the difference between the first voltage deviation VD1 and the second reference voltage VR2 of the battery according to Equation 2 to calculate the second voltage deviation VD2. have.
- the controller 120 may be configured to adjust the discharge termination voltage based on a reference deviation set to correspond to the current cycle and a second voltage deviation calculated in the current cycle.
- the controller 120 may be configured to determine a cycle section to which the current cycle belongs among a plurality of preset cycle sections.
- the plurality of cycle sections may include a first cycle section R1 and a second cycle section R2 .
- the first cycle section R1 may include 0th to 100th cycles
- the second cycle section R2 may include 101st to 400th cycles.
- controller 120 may be configured to adjust the discharge termination voltage based on a reference deviation set for the determined cycle period and the calculated second voltage deviation.
- the controller 120 may be configured to increase the discharge termination voltage. Conversely, when the calculated second voltage deviation is less than the reference deviation, the controller 120 may maintain the discharge termination voltage as it is.
- the reference deviation set for the first cycle period R1 may be 7 mV
- the reference deviation set for the second cycle period R2 may be 10 mV
- the second voltage deviation calculated in the 19th cycle may be 7mV. That is, in the 19th cycle, the second voltage deviation (7mv) between the second reference voltage (0mV) and the first voltage deviation (-7mV) is greater than or equal to the reference deviation (7mV) set for the first cycle period (R1),
- the controller 120 may increase the discharge termination voltage from the twentieth cycle.
- the second reference voltage may be changed from 0mV to 28mV from the twentieth cycle. That is, after the discharge termination voltage is changed, the controller 120 may be configured to change the second reference voltage to the first voltage deviation corresponding to a cycle after the discharge termination voltage is changed.
- the second voltage deviation calculated in the 139th cycle may be 10mV. That is, in the 139th cycle, since the second voltage deviation (10mV) between the second reference voltage (28mV) and the first voltage deviation (18mV) is equal to or greater than the reference deviation (10mV) set for the second cycle section R2, the control unit Reference numeral 120 further increases the discharge termination voltage from the 140 th cycle.
- the second reference voltage may be changed from 28mV to 56mV from the 140th cycle.
- the discharge termination voltage may not be further increased by the controller 120 .
- the voltage profile Rv of the reference cell may be a voltage profile of the reference cell to which the discharge termination voltage is not adjusted by the controller 120 .
- the reference cell corresponds to a battery and may be a battery prepared for a comparative example that can be compared with an embodiment according to the present invention.
- the first voltage deviation of the reference cell may decrease until about the 210th cycle, and thereafter, the first voltage deviation may increase.
- FIG 3 is a diagram schematically illustrating a capacity profile (Pcr) of a battery and a capacity profile (Rcr) of a reference cell according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the capacity profile of FIG. 3 may be a profile indicating a correspondence relationship between a cycle and a capacity retention rate.
- the capacity retention ratio may be a ratio of the discharge capacity in the current cycle to the discharge capacity of the battery in the initial cycle.
- the capacity retention rate may decrease as the cycle increases.
- the capacity retention ratio of the battery and the reference cell may be equally reduced.
- the reduction rate of the capacity retention rate of the battery may be lower than the reduction rate of the capacity retention rate of the reference cell.
- the reduction rate of the capacity retention rate of the battery may be lower than the reduction rate of the capacity retention rate of the reference cell.
- the battery management apparatus 100 may reduce the reduction rate of the capacity retention rate of the battery by appropriately adjusting the discharge termination voltage for the battery. Accordingly, as the battery and the reference cell deteriorate, the battery can retain more capacity compared to the reference cell, thereby increasing the lifespan of the battery.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram schematically illustrating a CE profile (Pce) of a battery and a CE profile (Rce) of a reference cell according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the CE profile of FIG. 4 is a profile showing a correspondence relationship between a cycle and a Coulombic efficiency (CE).
- CE Coulombic efficiency
- the coulombic efficiency means the ratio of the capacity in the current cycle to the capacity in the previous cycle.
- the coulombic efficiency of the battery may be maintained within a certain level from the 0th cycle to about the 160th cycle.
- the Coulombic efficiency in the 20th cycle and the 140th cycle may be temporarily reduced, but the Coulombic efficiency is constant in the other cycles. level can be maintained.
- the coulombic efficiency of the battery is maintained within a certain level even after about 160 th and may be increased after about 300 th cycle.
- the coulombic efficiency for the reference cell decreases as the cycle increases, and may increase after about 300 cycles.
- the coulombic efficiency of the battery whose discharge termination voltage is adjusted by the controller is maintained within a certain range, but the reference cell for which the discharge termination voltage is not adjusted at all tends to decrease as the cycle increases (as the reference cell deteriorates). looks like
- the battery management apparatus 100 has the advantage of maintaining the coulombic efficiency of the battery at a certain level by adjusting the discharge termination voltage based on the voltage of the battery. Accordingly, compared with the reference cell, the performance efficiency of the battery may be improved.
- control unit 120 provided in the battery management apparatus 100 is a processor, application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), other chipsets, logic circuits, and registers known in the art to execute various control logics performed in the present invention.
- ASIC application-specific integrated circuit
- the controller 120 may be implemented as a set of program modules.
- the program module may be stored in the memory and executed by the controller 120 .
- the memory may be inside or outside the control unit 120 , and may be connected to the control unit 120 by various well-known means.
- the battery management apparatus 100 may further include a storage unit 130 .
- the storage unit 130 may store data necessary for each component of the battery management apparatus 100 to perform an operation and function, a program or data generated while an operation and a function are performed.
- the storage unit 130 is not particularly limited in its type as long as it is a known information storage means capable of writing, erasing, updating and reading data.
- the information storage means may include a RAM, a flash memory, a ROM, an EEPROM, a register, and the like.
- the storage unit 130 may store program codes in which processes executable by the control unit 120 are defined.
- a voltage profile, a capacity profile, and a CE profile for a reference cell may be previously stored in the storage unit 130 .
- the plurality of cycle periods may be set based on a capacity retention rate for each cycle of the reference cell corresponding to the battery.
- the battery and the reference cell may include a negative active material manufactured by mixing two or more materials.
- the battery and the reference cell may include a negative active material in which two or more materials having different charge/discharge efficiencies and reaction voltage ranges are mixed.
- the battery and the reference cell may include a negative active material in which SiO and graphite are mixed.
- SiO has a lower charging/discharging efficiency and reaction voltage range than graphite, and capacity may be more expressed in the initial cycle.
- the plurality of cycle sections may be previously divided into a cycle section in which capacity is further expressed by SiO and a cycle section in which capacity is further expressed by graphite.
- the plurality of cycle sections includes a first cycle section R1 including the 0th to 100th cycles corresponding to SiO and a second cycle section R2 after the 101st cycle corresponding to graphite. ) can be set in advance.
- the battery management apparatus 100 sets a plurality of cycle sections in consideration of the composite negative active material included in the battery, and sets a reference deviation for each cycle section, thereby adjusting the discharge termination voltage to correspond to the deterioration of the battery. can Accordingly, the lifespan of a battery including the composite anode active material may be increased.
- the controller 120 may be configured to acquire a capacity profile indicating a correspondence relationship between a cycle and a capacity with respect to a reference cell corresponding to the battery.
- the controller 120 may acquire the capacity profile Rcr of the reference cell.
- the controller 120 may acquire the capacity profile Rcr of the reference cell from an external server or an external device.
- the controller 120 may access the storage unit 130 to obtain the capacity profile Rcr of the reference cell previously stored in the storage unit 130 .
- the controller 120 may be configured to divide and set a plurality of cycles included in the capacity profile into a plurality of cycle sections according to a capacity change rate with respect to the cycle.
- the capacity change rate may be an instantaneous rate of change in capacity retention rate with respect to a cycle. That is, based on the acquired capacity profile Rcr of the reference cell, the controller 120 may calculate an instantaneous rate of change of the capacity retention rate with respect to a cycle as the capacity change rate.
- the controller 120 may be configured to compare the calculated capacity change rate with the reference change rate, and set a plurality of cycle sections according to the comparison result.
- the controller 120 may compare the capacity change rate and the reference change rate while increasing the cycle by one cycle from the 0th cycle. In addition, the controller 120 may determine a cycle in which the capacity change rate is equal to or less than the reference change rate, and classify a plurality of cycle sections based on the determined cycle. That is, the controller 120 may be configured to classify a plurality of cycle sections based on the cycle in which the degradation of the reference cell is accelerated.
- the capacity change rate in the 100th cycle may be less than or equal to the reference change rate. Accordingly, the controller 120 may set previous cycles as the first cycle period R1 based on the 100th cycle and set subsequent cycles as the second cycle period R2.
- the battery management apparatus 100 sets a plurality of cycle sections based on the capacity profile Rcr of a reference cell including a composite negative active material in which two or more materials are mixed, and sets a reference deviation corresponding to each of the plurality of cycles.
- the controller 120 may be configured to set a reference deviation in each of the plurality of cycle sections, and set the reference deviation corresponding to the first cycle section among the plurality of cycle sections to be lower than the reference deviation corresponding to the remaining cycle sections. have.
- the reference deviation set in the first cycle period R1 may be set to be smaller than the reference deviation set in the second cycle period R2 .
- the decrease in the capacity change rate in the initial cycle may be small. have.
- the capacity of the active material having a low charge/discharge efficiency and a low response voltage is expressed, the total capacity of the battery may be preserved, but the deterioration of the battery may be accelerated.
- the rate of change of the capacity retention rate in the first cycle section R1 is the capacity retention rate in the second cycle section R2 due to the capacity expression of SiO. may be lower than the rate of change.
- the control unit 120 sets the reference deviation for the first cycle section R1 to be lower than the reference deviation for the second cycle section R2. can And, the control unit 120 adjusts the discharge termination voltage of the battery based on the reference deviation set differently in the first cycle section (R1) and the second cycle section (R2), thereby controlling the capacity expression of SiO contained in the battery. can be more restrained. Therefore, since the capacity expression of SiO in the battery can be effectively reduced in the initial cycle, the lifespan of the battery can be increased, and the performance efficiency can be improved.
- the battery management apparatus 100 may be applied to a Battery Management System (BMS). That is, the BMS according to the present invention may include the above-described battery management apparatus 100 . In this configuration, at least some of each component of the battery management apparatus 100 may be implemented by supplementing or adding functions of the configuration included in the conventional BMS. For example, the measurement unit 110 , the control unit 120 , and the storage unit 130 of the battery management apparatus 100 may be implemented as components of the BMS.
- BMS Battery Management System
- FIG. 5 is a diagram schematically showing an exemplary configuration of a battery pack 1 according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- the battery management apparatus 100 according to the present invention may be provided in the battery pack 1 . That is, the battery pack 1 according to the present invention may include the battery management apparatus 100 and one or more battery cells B described above. In addition, the battery pack 1 may further include electrical equipment (relays, fuses, etc.) and a case.
- the load 2 may be connected to the battery B through the positive terminal P+ and the negative terminal P ⁇ of the battery pack 1 .
- the load 2 may be configured to charge and discharge the battery B.
- the load 2 is capable of discharging the battery B to the discharge end voltage.
- the load 2 may discharge the battery B to correspond to the discharge termination voltage changed by the controller 120 .
- the measurement unit 110 may be connected to the battery B through the first sensing line SL1 and the second sensing line SL2 .
- the measurement unit 110 may measure the positive voltage of the battery B through the first sensing line SL1 and measure the negative voltage of the battery B through the second sensing line SL2 .
- the measurement unit 110 may measure the voltage of the battery B by calculating a difference between the measured positive voltage and the negative voltage.
- the measurement unit 110 measures the voltage of the reference cell RB, but the controller 120 terminates the discharge of the reference cell RB. Voltage may not be adjustable.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram schematically illustrating a battery management method according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- each step of the battery management method may be performed by the battery management apparatus 100 .
- the battery management apparatus 100 Preferably, each step of the battery management method may be performed by the battery management apparatus 100 . Note that in the following, content overlapping with the previously described content will be omitted or briefly described.
- the battery management method may include a voltage measuring step ( S100 ), a first voltage deviation calculating step ( S200 ), a second voltage deviation calculating step ( S300 ), and a discharging termination voltage adjusting step ( S400 ). .
- the voltage measuring step ( S100 ) is a step of measuring the voltage of the battery (B) after the discharging of the battery (B) is terminated up to a preset discharging end voltage for each cycle, and may be performed by the measuring unit ( 110 ). have.
- the first voltage deviation calculating step S200 is a step of calculating a first voltage deviation of the battery B based on a preset first reference voltage and the voltage of the battery B, and is performed by the controller 120 can be performed.
- the controller 120 may calculate the first voltage deviation for the battery B for each cycle based on the measured voltage of the battery B and the preset first reference voltage.
- the second voltage deviation calculating step S300 is a step of calculating a second voltage deviation between the first voltage deviation and a preset second reference voltage in each cycle, and may be performed by the controller 120 .
- the controller 120 calculates the difference between the first voltage deviation VD1 and the second reference voltage VR2 of the battery according to Equation 2 and calculates the second The voltage deviation VD2 can be calculated.
- the second reference voltage VR2 of the 0th to 19th cycles may be 0 mV, which is the first voltage deviation VD1 of the 0th cycle.
- the controller 120 calculates the difference between the first voltage deviation VD1 and the second reference voltage VR2 of the battery according to Equation 2,
- the voltage deviation VD2 can be calculated.
- the second reference voltage VR2 of the 20th to 139th cycles may be 28mV, which is the first voltage deviation VD1 of the 20th cycle.
- the reference cycle after the 140th cycle of the embodiment of FIG. 2 may be the 140th cycle
- the second reference voltage VR2 may be 56mV, which is the first voltage deviation VD1 of the 140th cycle.
- the discharging termination voltage adjustment step ( S400 ) is a step of adjusting the discharging termination voltage based on a reference deviation set to correspond to the current cycle and a second voltage deviation calculated in the current cycle, and may be performed by the controller 120 . have.
- the reference deviation set for the first cycle period R1 may be 7 mV
- the reference deviation set for the second cycle period R2 may be 10 mV
- the second voltage deviation calculated in the 19th cycle may be 7mV. That is, in the 19th cycle, the second voltage deviation (7mv) between the second reference voltage (0mV) and the first voltage deviation (-7mV) is greater than or equal to the reference deviation (7mV) set for the first cycle period (R1),
- the controller 120 may increase the discharge termination voltage from the twentieth cycle.
- the second reference voltage may be changed from 0mV to 28mV from the twentieth cycle. That is, after the discharge termination voltage is changed, the controller 120 may be configured to change the second reference voltage to the first voltage deviation corresponding to a cycle after the discharge termination voltage is changed.
- the second voltage deviation calculated in the 139th cycle may be 10mV. That is, in the 139th cycle, since the second voltage deviation (10mV) between the second reference voltage (28mV) and the first voltage deviation (18mV) is equal to or greater than the reference deviation (10mV) set for the second cycle section R2, the control unit Reference numeral 120 further increases the discharge termination voltage from the 140 th cycle.
- the second reference voltage may be changed from 28mV to 56mV from the 140th cycle.
- the discharge termination voltage may not be further increased by the controller 120 .
- control unit 120 control unit
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Abstract
Description
Claims (10)
- 사이클마다 미리 설정된 방전 종료 전압까지 배터리의 방전이 종료된 후 상기 배터리의 전압을 측정하도록 구성된 측정부; 및상기 사이클마다 상기 측정부로부터 상기 배터리의 전압 정보를 수신하고, 미리 설정된 제1 기준 전압과 상기 배터리의 전압에 기반하여 상기 배터리의 제1 전압 편차를 산출하며, 각각의 사이클에서의 상기 제1 전압 편차와 미리 설정된 제2 기준 전압 간의 제2 전압 편차를 산출하고, 현재 사이클에 대응되도록 설정된 기준 편차와 상기 현재 사이클에서 산출된 제2 전압 편차에 기반하여 상기 방전 종료 전압을 조정하도록 구성된 제어부를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 배터리 관리 장치.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 제어부는,미리 설정된 복수의 사이클 구간 중 상기 현재 사이클이 속하는 사이클 구간을 결정하고, 결정된 사이클 구간에 대해 설정된 기준 편차와 상기 산출된 제2 전압 편차에 기반하여 상기 방전 종료 전압을 조정하도록 구성된 것을 특징으로 하는 배터리 관리 장치.
- 제2항에 있어서,상기 제어부는,상기 산출된 제2 전압 편차가 상기 기준 편차 이상이면, 상기 방전 종료 전압을 증가시키도록 구성된 것을 특징으로 하는 배터리 관리 장치.
- 제2항에 있어서,상기 복수의 사이클 구간은,상기 배터리에 대응되는 기준 셀에 대한 사이클별 용량 보존율에 기초하여 설정되는 것을 특징으로 하는 배터리 관리 장치.
- 제2항에 있어서,상기 제어부는,상기 배터리에 대응되는 기준 셀에 대하여 사이클과 용량 간의 대응 관계를 나타내는 용량 프로파일을 획득하고, 상기 용량 프로파일에 포함된 복수의 사이클을 상기 사이클에 대한 용량 변화율에 따라 복수의 사이클 구간으로 구분 설정하도록 구성된 것을 특징으로 하는 배터리 관리 장치.
- 제5항에 있어서,상기 제어부는,상기 복수의 사이클 구간 각각에 상기 기준 편차를 설정하되, 상기 복수의 사이클 구간 중 최초 사이클 구간에 대응되는 상기 기준 편차를 나머지 사이클 구간에 대응되는 상기 기준 편차보다 낮게 설정하도록 구성된 것을 특징으로 하는 배터리 관리 장치.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 제어부는,상기 방전 종료 전압이 변경된 후, 상기 제2 기준 전압을 상기 방전 종료 전압이 변경된 이후의 사이클에 대응되는 상기 제1 전압 편차로 변경하도록 구성된 것을 특징으로 하는 배터리 관리 장치.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 측정부는,상기 배터리의 방전이 종료되고 소정의 시간이 경과된 후, 상기 배터리의 휴지 전압을 측정하고, 상기 배터리의 전압 정보로써 상기 휴지 전압을 송신하도록 구성되고,상기 제어부는,상기 휴지 전압과 상기 제1 기준 전압 간의 차이를 계산하여 상기 제1 전압 편차를 산출하도록 구성된 것을 특징으로 하는 배터리 관리 장치.
- 제1항 내지 제8항 중 어느 한 항에 따른 배터리 관리 장치를 포함하는 배터리 팩.
- 사이클마다 미리 설정된 방전 종료 전압까지 배터리의 방전이 종료된 후, 상기 배터리의 전압을 측정하는 전압 측정 단계;미리 설정된 제1 기준 전압과 상기 배터리의 전압에 기반하여 상기 배터리의 제1 전압 편차를 산출하는 제1 전압 편차 산출 단계;각각의 사이클에서의 상기 제1 전압 편차와 미리 설정된 제2 기준 전압 간의 제2 전압 편차를 산출하는 제2 전압 편차 산출 단계; 및현재 사이클에 대응되도록 설정된 기준 편차와 상기 현재 사이클에서 산출된 제2 전압 편차에 기반하여 상기 방전 종료 전압을 조정하는 방전 종료 전압 조정 단계를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 배터리 관리 방법.
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EP22739636.3A EP4131568A4 (en) | 2021-01-12 | 2022-01-11 | BATTERY MANAGEMENT APPARATUS AND METHOD |
JP2022549847A JP7358704B2 (ja) | 2021-01-12 | 2022-01-11 | バッテリー管理装置及び方法 |
US18/029,731 US20240006907A1 (en) | 2021-01-12 | 2022-01-11 | Battery Management Apparatus and Method |
CN202280002839.1A CN115191053A (zh) | 2021-01-12 | 2022-01-11 | 电池管理设备和方法 |
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KR1020210004158A KR20220101996A (ko) | 2021-01-12 | 2021-01-12 | 배터리 관리 장치 및 방법 |
KR10-2021-0004158 | 2021-01-12 |
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- 2022-01-11 EP EP22739636.3A patent/EP4131568A4/en active Pending
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JP7358704B2 (ja) | 2023-10-11 |
CN115191053A (zh) | 2022-10-14 |
JP2023514840A (ja) | 2023-04-11 |
EP4131568A4 (en) | 2024-02-21 |
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