WO2022154052A1 - 電着液、絶縁皮膜の製造方法 - Google Patents
電着液、絶縁皮膜の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022154052A1 WO2022154052A1 PCT/JP2022/000972 JP2022000972W WO2022154052A1 WO 2022154052 A1 WO2022154052 A1 WO 2022154052A1 JP 2022000972 W JP2022000972 W JP 2022000972W WO 2022154052 A1 WO2022154052 A1 WO 2022154052A1
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- electrodeposition
- solid component
- mass
- insulating film
- liquid
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- 238000004070 electrodeposition Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 79
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 17
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- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 title description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000002612 dispersion medium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000004642 Polyimide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 51
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000004962 Polyamide-imide Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 229920002312 polyamide-imide Polymers 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 27
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical group CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 25
- -1 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 25
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000002659 electrodeposit Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 17
- 239000009719 polyimide resin Substances 0.000 description 13
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000002798 polar solvent Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 7
- YFTHZRPMJXBUME-UHFFFAOYSA-N tripropylamine Chemical compound CCCN(CCC)CCC YFTHZRPMJXBUME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 6
- GTDPSWPPOUPBNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N ac1mqpva Chemical compound CC12C(=O)OC(=O)C1(C)C1(C)C2(C)C(=O)OC1=O GTDPSWPPOUPBNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002966 varnish Substances 0.000 description 4
- UPMLOUAZCHDJJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4'-Diphenylmethane Diisocyanate Chemical compound C1=CC(N=C=O)=CC=C1CC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1 UPMLOUAZCHDJJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000007514 bases Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011362 coarse particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000002513 isocyanates Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- SRPWOOOHEPICQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimellitic anhydride Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C2C(=O)OC(=O)C2=C1 SRPWOOOHEPICQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NQRYJNQNLNOLGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Piperidine Chemical compound C1CCNCC1 NQRYJNQNLNOLGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- JQVDAXLFBXTEQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibutylamine Chemical compound CCCCNCCCC JQVDAXLFBXTEQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- ANSXAPJVJOKRDJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N furo[3,4-f][2]benzofuran-1,3,5,7-tetrone Chemical compound C1=C2C(=O)OC(=O)C2=CC2=C1C(=O)OC2=O ANSXAPJVJOKRDJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- CYSGHNMQYZDMIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-Dimethyl-2-imidazolidinon Chemical compound CN1CCN(C)C1=O CYSGHNMQYZDMIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SMDGQEQWSSYZKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(2,3-dicarboxyphenoxy)phthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC(OC=2C(=C(C(O)=O)C=CC=2)C(O)=O)=C1C(O)=O SMDGQEQWSSYZKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UITKHKNFVCYWNG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3,4-dicarboxybenzoyl)phthalic acid Chemical compound C1=C(C(O)=O)C(C(=O)O)=CC=C1C(=O)C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C(C(O)=O)=C1 UITKHKNFVCYWNG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JVERADGGGBYHNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-phenylbenzene-1,2,3,4-tetracarboxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=C(C(O)=O)C(C(=O)O)=CC(C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1C(O)=O JVERADGGGBYHNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FXHOOIRPVKKKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylacetamide Chemical compound CN(C)C(C)=O FXHOOIRPVKKKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920006361 Polyflon Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002296 dynamic light scattering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003925 fat Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007561 laser diffraction method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenylbenzene Natural products C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- CXVGEDCSTKKODG-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulisobenzone Chemical compound C1=C(S(O)(=O)=O)C(OC)=CC(O)=C1C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 CXVGEDCSTKKODG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960000368 sulisobenzone Drugs 0.000 description 1
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Images
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D5/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
- C09D5/44—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes for electrophoretic applications
- C09D5/4473—Mixture of polymers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D127/00—Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09D127/02—Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C09D127/12—Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment containing fluorine atoms
- C09D127/18—Homopolymers or copolymers of tetrafluoroethene
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D5/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
- C09D5/44—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes for electrophoretic applications
- C09D5/4407—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes for electrophoretic applications with polymers obtained by polymerisation reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D5/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
- C09D5/44—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes for electrophoretic applications
- C09D5/4419—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes for electrophoretic applications with polymers obtained otherwise than by polymerisation reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C09D5/4461—Polyamides; Polyimides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D13/00—Electrophoretic coating characterised by the process
- C25D13/22—Servicing or operating apparatus or multistep processes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D7/00—Features of coating compositions, not provided for in group C09D5/00; Processes for incorporating ingredients in coating compositions
- C09D7/20—Diluents or solvents
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an electrodeposition liquid used when producing an electrodeposition film by electrodeposition on a conductive substrate, and a method for producing an insulating film.
- the present application claims priority based on Japanese Patent Application No. 2021-003765 filed in Japan on January 13, 2021, and the contents thereof are incorporated herein by reference.
- Insulating conductors in which a conductive base material is coated with an insulating film made of an insulating resin are widely used as conductive materials and heat dissipation plate materials for various electric devices that require insulation.
- a constituent material of an insulating film a mixture of a plurality of types of resins is known.
- an insulating film made of a mixture of a polyimide resin such as a polyamide-imide resin or a polyimide resin and a fluorine resin is known.
- the insulating properties of the insulating film can be improved.
- the electrodeposition method is known as a method for forming an insulating film made of such an insulating resin on the surface of a conductive base material (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
- the base material and the counter electrode forming the insulating film are immersed in an electrodeposition solution in which the material of the insulating film is dispersed, and a voltage is applied between the base material and the counter electrode to insulate.
- This is a method of forming an electrodeposited film in which a film material is deposited on the surface of a base material. Then, the formed electrodeposition film is heated and the electrodeposition film is baked onto the substrate to form an insulating film.
- the present invention has been made in consideration of such circumstances, and is an electrodeposition liquid for forming an electrodeposition film having excellent insulating properties, a smooth surface, and few irregularities on a substrate, and an electrodeposition liquid. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for producing an insulating film using this.
- the present inventor considers that when coarse particles of fluororesin are present in the electrodeposition liquid, the coarse particles inhibit film formation and cracks occur in the film, and the polyimide resin particle dispersion liquid.
- the fluorine resin particle dispersion liquid was added to the polyimide resin dispersion liquid in which the concentration of water with respect to the dispersion medium of the polyimide resin was increased. It was found that the generation of coarse particles can be suppressed. It is considered that this is because the dispersed state of the fluororesin particles is destabilized by the polar solvent and the polyimide-based resin particles in the dispersion medium.
- the electrodeposition liquid of the present invention contains water, a dispersion medium, and a solid component
- the solid component contains a polyimide resin and a fluorine-based resin, and the fluorine-based resin contained in the solid component.
- the content is in the range of 72% by mass or more and 95% by mass or less
- the average particle size of the solid component dispersed in the water and the dispersion medium is 50 nm or more and 500 nm or less, which is a standard particle size of the solid component.
- the deviation is 250 nm or less.
- the content of the fluororesin contained in the solid component dispersed in water and the dispersion medium is in the range of 72% by mass or more and 95% by mass or less, and the solid component dispersed in water and the dispersion medium.
- an electrodeposition liquid having an average particle size of 50 nm or more and 500 nm or less and a standard deviation of the particle size of solid components of 250 nm or less, water with respect to a dispersion medium can be used even if the content of a fluororesin that enhances insulation is high.
- the polyimide-based resin may be polyamide-imide.
- the fluororesin may be polytetrafluoroethylene.
- the dispersion medium may be N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone.
- the method for producing an insulating film of the present invention is a method for producing an insulating film using the electrodeposition solution according to each of the above items, wherein the base material and the counter electrode are immersed in the electrodeposition liquid, and the base material is used. It is characterized by having an electrodeposition step of forming an electrodeposition film on the base material by applying a voltage between the anode and the cathode, with the anode and the counter electrode as a cathode.
- the temperature of the electrodeposited liquid in the electrodeposition step may be 5 ° C. or higher and 35 ° C. or lower, and the applied voltage between the anode and the cathode may be 10 V or higher and 600 V or lower.
- an electrodeposition liquid for forming an electrodeposition film having excellent insulating properties, a smooth surface, and few irregularities on a base material and a method for producing an insulating film using the electrodeposition liquid. be able to.
- FIG. 1 is a flowchart showing a stepwise method for manufacturing an insulating film according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the method for producing an insulating film according to an embodiment of the present invention includes an oxide film removing step S1, an electrodeposition step S2, and a baking step S3.
- a conductive metal material for example, pure copper, a metal material containing copper, pure aluminum, or a metal material containing aluminum is used.
- 4N copper purity 99.99%) is used as the base material.
- an aqueous solution of an oxide film removing agent such as an organic solvent or a surfactant is used to remove oils and fats and an oxide film adhering to the surface of the base material (oxide film removing step S1).
- an oxide film removing agent such as an organic solvent or a surfactant
- 2% by mass of an oxide film removing agent having a liquid temperature of 10 ° C. or higher and 40 ° C. or lower, preferably about 20 ° C., is not limited.
- an oxide film removing agent containing 20% by mass or more, preferably 5% by mass or more, for 0.5 minutes or more and 5 minutes or less, preferably 1 minute, fats and oils adhering to the surface of the base material and oxidation Dissolve and remove the coating.
- Electrodeposition process S2 a film (electrodeposition film) made of a mixture of a polyimide resin and a fluorine-based resin is electrodeposited on the surface of the base material by an anion electrodeposition method (electrodeposition step S2).
- the electrodeposition liquid of the embodiment of the present invention used in the electrodeposition step S2 has water, a dispersion medium, and a solid component dispersed in water and the dispersion medium.
- the content of the solid component in the electrodeposition liquid is not limited, but is preferably 1% by mass or more and 20% by mass or less.
- a polyimide resin and a fluorine resin are used as the solid component of the electrodeposition liquid. More specifically, in the present embodiment, a polyamide-imide resin is used as the polyimide resin and polytetrafluoroethylene is used as the fluororesin as the solid component.
- the content of the fluororesin contained in such a solid component is in the range of 72% by mass or more and 95% by mass or less.
- the relative permittivity of the insulating film formed through the baking step cannot be lowered to a sufficiently low value (for example, less than 3.0). On the other hand, if it exceeds 95% by mass, the insulating film does not become a continuous film and cracks are likely to occur.
- the average particle size of the solid components dispersed in water and the dispersion medium may be 50 nm or more and 500 nm or less, more preferably 50 nm or more and 450 nm or less, and further preferably 50 nm or more and 300 nm or less.
- the standard deviation of the particle size of the solid component may be 250 nm or less, more preferably 150 nm or less, still more preferably 100 nm or less.
- the average particle size and standard deviation of the solid component can be calculated from the particle size distribution measured for the solid component.
- the particle size distribution can be measured by using, for example, a laser diffraction / scattering method, a dynamic light scattering method, a centrifugal sedimentation method, or the like.
- the dispersion medium preferably contains a polar solvent and a base.
- the polar solvent preferably has a boiling point higher than that of water.
- the polar solvent include organic solvents such as N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, 1,3-dimethyl-2-imidazolidinone, dimethyl sulfoxide, and N, N dimethylacetamide.
- N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone may be used as the polar solvent.
- examples of the base in the dispersion medium include tri-n-propylamine, dibutylamine, piperidine, triethylamine and the like.
- the content ratio of water in the electrodeposition liquid is preferably 15 to 40% by mass, more preferably 18 to 30% by mass.
- the content of the polar solvent in the electrodeposition liquid is preferably 60 to 90% by mass, and the content of the base is preferably 0.1 to 0.3% by mass.
- a production example of the electrodeposition liquid will be described.
- a polar solvent, an isocyanate component, and an acid component are mixed in a flask equipped with a stirrer, a cooling tube, a nitrogen introduction tube, and a thermometer, and the temperature is raised to, for example, 80 to 130 ° C.
- Polyamideimide is obtained by holding for 8 hours and reacting.
- diphenylmethane-4,4'-diisocyanate diphenylmethane-4,4'-diisocyanate (MDI), diphenylmethane-3,3'-diisocyanate, diphenylmethane-3,4'-diisocyanate, diphenyl ether-4,4'-diisocyanate, benzophenone-4 , 4'-diisocyanate, diphenylsulfone-4,4'-diisocyanate and other aromatic diisocyanates.
- MDI diphenylmethane-4,4'-diisocyanate
- diphenylmethane-3,3'-diisocyanate diphenylmethane-3,4'-diisocyanate
- diphenyl ether-4,4'-diisocyanate diphenyl ether-4,4'-diisocyanate
- the acid components include trimellitic acid anhydride (TMA), 1,2,5-trimeric acid (1,2,5-ETM), biphenyltetracarboxylic acid dianhydride, benzophenone tetracarboxylic acid dianhydride, and the like.
- TMA trimellitic acid anhydride
- 1,2,5-trimeric acid (1,2,5-ETM) biphenyltetracarboxylic acid dianhydride
- benzophenone tetracarboxylic acid dianhydride and the like.
- Diphenylsulfonetetracarboxylic acid dianhydride, oxydiphthalic acid dianhydride (OPDA), pyromellitic acid dianhydride (PMDA), 4,4'-(2,2'-hexafluoroisopropylidene) diphthalic acid dianhydride, etc. Can be mentioned.
- the synthesized polyamide-imide is diluted with a polar solvent to prepare a polyamide-imi
- this polyamide-imide varnish is further diluted with a polar solvent such as N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, tri-n-propylamine (TPA) which is a basic compound is added, and then water is further added.
- a polar solvent such as N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, tri-n-propylamine (TPA) which is a basic compound is added, and then water is further added.
- a polytetrafluoroethylene dispersion is obtained by dispersing polytetrafluoroethylene in water with an emulsifier. Then, the polyamide-imide dispersion is diluted with water together with the basic compound (TPA), mixed with the polytetrafluoroethylene dispersion, and further diluted with N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone. Dilution can be produced.
- TPA basic compound
- an electrodeposition film in which polyamide-imide and polytetrafluoroethylene are mixed is anion-deposited on the surface of a conductive base material.
- Anion electrodeposition of the electrodeposition film is performed by immersing a conductive base material and a counter electrode in the electrodeposition liquid of the present embodiment, and applying a DC voltage with the base material as an anode and the counter electrode as a cathode. be able to.
- the temperature (liquid temperature) of the electrodeposited liquid in the electrodeposition step S2 is adjusted to, for example, in the range of 5 ° C. or higher and 35 ° C. or lower. If the liquid temperature is less than 5 ° C., water may be mixed into the liquid due to dew condensation or the like, and if the liquid temperature exceeds 35 ° C., the storage stability of the liquid may be adversely affected.
- the applied voltage between the base material (anode) and the counter electrode (cathode) in the electrodeposition step S2 is 10 V or more and 600 V or less. If the applied voltage is less than 10 V, the electrodeposition speed is slow and there is a concern that the productivity may decrease. Further, when the applied voltage exceeds 600 V, many bubbles are generated on the surface of the base material, and these bubbles are popped in the baking step S3 of the subsequent step, which causes a large number of irregularities on the insulating film.
- the base material on which the electrodeposition film containing the solid component polyamide-imide and polytetrafluoroethylene obtained in the electrodeposition step S2 is formed is, for example, 200 ° C. or higher and lower than the melting point of the solid component. After drying within a temperature range to remove the residual electrodeposition liquid, an electrodeposition film containing polyamide-imide and polytetrafluoroethylene is baked onto a substrate to form an insulating film.
- the baking temperature in the baking step S3 may be in the temperature range in which the electrodeposition film of polyamide-imide and polytetrafluoroethylene is cured to form an insulating film on the substrate, and is, for example, 200 ° C. or higher and 450 ° C. or lower. It should be within the range.
- the baking time may be, for example, within the range of 1 minute or more and 60 minutes or less.
- an insulating film containing a mixed resin of polyamide-imide, which is a polyimide-based resin, and polytetrafluoroethylene, which is a fluorine-based resin can be formed on the conductive base material.
- an insulating film having good insulating properties for example, a relative permittivity of less than 3.0
- excellent smoothness without cracks can be obtained.
- the presence or absence of cracks may be visually determined, but it is preferable to accurately determine, for example, with a digital microscope or the like. In the case of precise determination, for example, when the number of cracks having a size (length) of 200 ⁇ m or more is 0, it may be determined that there is no crack (good), and when it is 1 or more, it may be determined that there is a crack.
- this electrodeposition liquid was stored in the electrodeposition tank, and the temperature of the electrodeposition liquid in the electrodeposition tank was set to 20 ° C.
- a copper wire having a diameter of 1 mm and a length of 300 mm is used as an anode, and a cylindrical copper plate inserted into the electrodeposition solution in the electrodeposition tank is used as a cathode, and a DC voltage of 500 V is applied between the copper wire and the cylindrical copper plate.
- the copper plate was held in the electrodeposition liquid in the electrodeposition tank for 30 seconds (electrodeposition step). As a result, an electrodeposition film was formed on the surface of the copper wire.
- the copper wire on which the electrodeposition film was formed was allowed to stand in a drying oven at 300 ° C. for 5 minutes to perform a drying treatment, and the electrodeposition film was baked to obtain a copper wire on which an insulating film was formed (). Baking process).
- Example 1 the mixing ratio (mass%) of the solid component polyamide-imide and polytetrafluoroethylene was 72:28. It was also diluted with water having a mass four times the mass of the solid component.
- Example 2 the mixing ratio (mass%) of the solid component polyamide-imide and polytetrafluoroethylene was 75:25. It was also diluted with water having a mass four times the mass of the solid component.
- Example 3 the mixing ratio (mass%) of the solid component polyamide-imide and polytetrafluoroethylene was set to 80:20. It was also diluted with water having a mass four times the mass of the solid component. In Example 4, the mixing ratio (mass%) of the solid component polyamide-imide and polytetrafluoroethylene was 95: 5. It was also diluted with water having a mass four times the mass of the solid component. Comparative Example 1 is the same as that of Example 3 except that it was not diluted with water. In Comparative Example 2, the mixing ratio (mass%) of the solid component polyamide-imide and polytetrafluoroethylene was set to 60:40. It was also diluted with water having a mass four times the mass of the solid component. In Comparative Example 3, the mixing ratio (mass%) of the solid component polyamide-imide and polytetrafluoroethylene was set to 99: 1. It was also diluted with water having a mass four times the mass of the solid component.
- the average particle size and standard deviation of the solid components in the electrodeposited liquids of Examples 1 to 4 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3 were measured.
- a particle size distribution meter (LB550: manufactured by HORIBA, Ltd.) was used for the measurement.
- an electrodeposition film was formed using each of the electrodeposition liquids, and baking was performed to form an insulating film on the base material.
- the appearance state (presence or absence of cracks) and relative permittivity of the formed insulating film were observed and measured. The appearance was visually observed. Those having 0 cracks were regarded as "good”.
- the relative permittivity was measured using an LCR meter (manufactured by Hioki Electric Co., Ltd.). The results of these verifications are shown in Table 1.
- the content of polytetrafluoroethylene (fluorine-based resin) contained in the solid component was set in the range of 72% by mass or more and 95% by mass or less, and the solid component.
- the average particle size of the solid component dispersed in water and the dispersion medium was set to 50 nm or more and 500 nm or less, and the standard deviation of the particle size of the solid component was set to 250 nm or less.
- the occurrence of cracks due to the coarsening of the particles of the based resin can be suppressed, and an insulating film having excellent insulating properties can be formed with a specific dielectric constant of less than 3.0.
- Comparative Example 1 since it was not diluted with water, coarse fluororesin particles were generated and cracks were generated in the insulating film.
- Comparative Example 2 since the content of polytetrafluoroethylene (fluorine-based resin) contained in the solid component was as low as 60% by mass, the relative permittivity was as high as 3.4, and the insulating property of the formed insulating film was improved. It was low. Further, in Comparative Example 3, since the content of polytetrafluoroethylene (fluororesin) contained in the solid component was too high at 99% by mass, coarse fluororesin particles were generated and cracks were generated in the insulating film. rice field.
- the content of polytetrafluoroethylene (fluorine-based resin) contained in the solid component was set in the range of 72% by mass or more and 95% by mass or less, and the average of the solid components dispersed in water and the dispersion medium.
- the particle size was set to 50 nm or more and 500 nm or less and the standard deviation of the particle size of the solid component to 250 nm or less, it was confirmed that an insulating film having high insulating properties and a smooth surface without cracks could be obtained.
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Abstract
Description
本願は、2021年1月13日に、日本に出願された特願2021-003765号に基づき優先権を主張し、それらの内容をここに援用する。
即ち、本発明の電着液は、水と、分散媒と、固形成分とを含み、前記固形成分は、ポリイミド系樹脂とフッ素系樹脂とを含み、前記固形成分に含まれる前記フッ素系樹脂の含有量は、72質量%以上、95質量%以下の範囲であり、前記水および前記分散媒に分散された前記固形成分の平均粒径は50nm以上、500nm以下、前記固形成分の粒径の標準偏差は250nm以下であることを特徴とする。
本発明の一実施形態の絶縁皮膜の製造方法は、酸化被膜除去工程S1と、電着工程S2と、焼付工程S3とを有する。
まず、有機溶剤や界面活性剤等の酸化被膜除去剤水溶液を用いて、基材の表面に付着している油脂及び酸化被膜を取り除く(酸化被膜除去工程S1)。例えば、本実施形態では、限定はされないが、液温が10℃以上40℃以下、好ましくは20℃程度の酸化被膜除去剤(ハイクリーンC-100、株式会社シミズ製等)を、2質量%以上20質量%以下、好ましくは5質量%含む酸化被膜除去剤水溶液に、基材を0.5分以上5分以下、好ましくは1分間浸漬することにより、基材の表面に付着した油脂及び酸化被膜を溶解除去する。
次に、アニオン電着法によって、基材の表面にポリイミド系樹脂とフッ素系樹脂との混合物からなる皮膜(電着膜)を電着形成させる(電着工程S2)。
先ず、撹拌機、冷却管、窒素導入管及び温度計を備えたフラスコ内に、極性溶剤と、イソシアネート成分と酸成分とを混合し、例えば、80~130℃の温度に昇温させて2~8時間保持して反応させることにより、ポリアミドイミドを得る。
その後、合成したポリアミドイミドを、極性溶剤により希釈してポリアミドイミドワニスを調製する。
そして、ポリアミドイミド分散液を、塩基性化合物(TPA)とともに水で希釈した後、ポリテトラフルオロエチレン分散液を混合し、さらにN-メチル-2-ピロリドンで希釈することで、本実施形態の電着液を製造することができる。
焼付工程S3では、電着工程S2で得られた固形成分であるポリアミドイミドとポリテトラフルオロエチレンを含む電着膜が形成された基材を、例えば、200℃以上、かつ固形成分の融点以下の温度範囲内で乾燥させて残留電着液を除去した後、ポリアミドイミドとポリテトラフルオロエチレンを含む電着膜を基材に焼き付けて絶縁皮膜を形成する。
(1)ポリイミド系樹脂ワニスの合成
先ず、撹拌機、冷却管、窒素導入管及び温度計を備えた2リットルの四つ口フラスコ内に、有機溶媒としてN-メチル-2-ピロリドン747g、イソシアネート成分として4,4’-ジフェニルメタンジイソシアネート298g(1.19モル)、及び酸成分として無水トリメリット酸227g(1.18モル)を投入して130℃まで昇温させた。この温度で約4時間反応させることにより、数平均分子量が17000のポリマー(ポリアミドイミド樹脂)を得た。その後、合成したポリアミドイミド樹脂を、有機溶媒としてN-メチル-2-ピロリドンを使用し、ポリアミドイミド樹脂(不揮発分)の濃度が20質量%となるように希釈したポリアミドイミドワニス(ポリアミドイミド樹脂/N-メチル-2-ピロリドン=20質量%/80質量%)を得た。
次いで、得られたポリアミドイミドワニス62.5gを、N-メチル-2-ピロリドン140gで更に希釈し、塩基性化合物であるトリnプロピルアミン0.5gを加えた後、この液を回転速度10000rpmの高速で撹拌しつつ、常温下(25℃)で水を47g添加した。これにより、メジアン径250nmのポリアミドイミド分散液(ポリアミドイミド粒子/N-メチル-2-ピロリドン/水/トリnプロピルアミン=5質量%/75.8質量%/19質量%/0.2質量%)250gを得た。
市販のポリテトラフルオロエチレン粒子分散液(ポリフロンPTFE D210C、ダイキン工業株式会社製)を水で希釈して、ポリテトラフルオロエチレン分散液を得た(平均粒径280nm、PTFE/水=50質量%/50質量%)。
(2)のポリアミドイミド分散液2020gをTPA3.6727g、水1244gで希釈した後、(3)のポリテトラフルオロエチレン分散液792gを混合し、さらにNMPで希釈することで電着液を得た(ポリアミドイミド粒子/ポリテトラフルオロエチレン粒子/N-メチル-2-ピロリドン/水/トリnプロピルアミン=3.6質量%/0.9質量%/77.3質量%/18質量%/0.3質量%)。
上述した電着液を用いて、この電着液を電着槽内に貯留し、電着槽内の電着液の温度を20℃とした。次いで、直径1mm、長さ300mmの銅線を陽極とし、電着槽内の電着液に挿入された円筒型の銅板を陰極として、銅線と円筒型の銅板との間に直流電圧500Vを印加した状態で、銅板を電着槽内の電着液中に30秒間保持した(電着工程)。これにより銅線の表面に電着膜が形成された。次に、電着膜が形成された銅線を300℃の乾燥炉中に5分間静置し乾燥処理を行い、電着膜を焼き付けることで、絶縁皮膜が形成された銅線を得た(焼付工程)。
上述した絶縁皮膜の具体的な製造例に基づいて、実施例1~4、および比較例1~3の電着液をそれぞれ形成し、銅からなる基材に絶縁皮膜を形成した。
実施例1は、固形成分であるポリアミドイミドと、ポリテトラフルオロエチレンとの混合比(質量%)を72:28とした。また、固形成分の質量の4倍の質量の水で希釈した。
実施例2は、固形成分であるポリアミドイミドと、ポリテトラフルオロエチレンとの混合比(質量%)を75:25とした。また、固形成分の質量の4倍の質量の水で希釈した。
実施例3は、固形成分であるポリアミドイミドと、ポリテトラフルオロエチレンとの混合比(質量%)を80:20とした。また、固形成分の質量の4倍の質量の水で希釈した。
実施例4は、固形成分であるポリアミドイミドと、ポリテトラフルオロエチレンとの混合比(質量%)を95:5とした。また、固形成分の質量の4倍の質量の水で希釈した。 比較例1は、水で希釈しなかったこと以外は実施例3と同様である。
比較例2は、固形成分であるポリアミドイミドと、ポリテトラフルオロエチレンとの混合比(質量%)を60:40とした。また、固形成分の質量の4倍の質量の水で希釈した。
比較例3は、固形成分であるポリアミドイミドと、ポリテトラフルオロエチレンとの混合比(質量%)を99:1とした。また、固形成分の質量の4倍の質量の水で希釈した。
そして、それぞれの電着液を用いて電着膜を形成し、焼付を行って基材に絶縁皮膜を形成した。形成した絶縁皮膜の外観状態(クラックの有無)および比誘電率を観察、測定した。外観状態は目視によって観察を行った。クラックが0個であるものを「良好」とした。また、比誘電率はLCRメーター(日置電機株式会社製)を用いて測定した。
これらの検証結果を表1に示す。
Claims (6)
- 導電性の基材に電着膜を電着させる電着液であって、
水と、分散媒と、固形成分とを含み、
前記固形成分は、ポリイミド系樹脂とフッ素系樹脂とを含み、
前記固形成分に含まれる前記フッ素系樹脂の含有量は、72質量%以上、95質量%以下の範囲であり、
前記水および前記分散媒に分散された前記固形成分の平均粒径は50nm以上、500nm以下、前記固形成分の粒径の標準偏差は250nm以下であることを特徴とする電着液。 - 前記ポリイミド系樹脂は、ポリアミドイミドであることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の電着液。
- 前記フッ素系樹脂は、ポリテトラフルオロエチレンであることを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載の電着液。
- 前記分散媒は、N-メチル-2-ピロリドンであることを特徴とする請求項1から3のいずれか一項に記載の電着液。
- 請求項1から4のいずれか一項に記載の電着液を用いた絶縁皮膜の製造方法であって、 前記電着液に前記基材と対向電極とを浸漬し、前記基材を陽極、前記対向電極を陰極として、前記陽極と前記陰極との間に電圧を印加し、前記基材に電着膜を形成する電着工程を有することを特徴とする絶縁皮膜の製造方法。
- 前記電着工程における、前記電着液の温度は5℃以上35℃以下であり、前記陽極と前記陰極との間の印加電圧は10V以上600V以下であることを特徴とする請求項5に記載の絶縁皮膜の製造方法。
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