WO2022142004A1 - 一种双螺旋脱粒输送系统及联合收割机 - Google Patents

一种双螺旋脱粒输送系统及联合收割机 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022142004A1
WO2022142004A1 PCT/CN2021/090158 CN2021090158W WO2022142004A1 WO 2022142004 A1 WO2022142004 A1 WO 2022142004A1 CN 2021090158 W CN2021090158 W CN 2021090158W WO 2022142004 A1 WO2022142004 A1 WO 2022142004A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
threshing
screen
concave plate
drum
double
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2021/090158
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
莫恭武
王军
邹杨昊
Original Assignee
江苏沃得农业机械股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2022142004A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022142004A1/zh

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01F—PROCESSING OF HARVESTED PRODUCE; HAY OR STRAW PRESSES; DEVICES FOR STORING AGRICULTURAL OR HORTICULTURAL PRODUCE
    • A01F12/00—Parts or details of threshing apparatus
    • A01F12/46—Mechanical grain conveyors
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
    • A01D41/00—Combines, i.e. harvesters or mowers combined with threshing devices
    • A01D41/02—Self-propelled combines
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
    • A01D41/00—Combines, i.e. harvesters or mowers combined with threshing devices
    • A01D41/12—Details of combines
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01F—PROCESSING OF HARVESTED PRODUCE; HAY OR STRAW PRESSES; DEVICES FOR STORING AGRICULTURAL OR HORTICULTURAL PRODUCE
    • A01F12/00—Parts or details of threshing apparatus
    • A01F12/18—Threshing devices
    • A01F12/20—Threshing cylinders with ribs
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01F—PROCESSING OF HARVESTED PRODUCE; HAY OR STRAW PRESSES; DEVICES FOR STORING AGRICULTURAL OR HORTICULTURAL PRODUCE
    • A01F12/00—Parts or details of threshing apparatus
    • A01F12/44—Grain cleaners; Grain separators
    • A01F12/446—Sieving means
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01F—PROCESSING OF HARVESTED PRODUCE; HAY OR STRAW PRESSES; DEVICES FOR STORING AGRICULTURAL OR HORTICULTURAL PRODUCE
    • A01F12/00—Parts or details of threshing apparatus
    • A01F12/44—Grain cleaners; Grain separators
    • A01F12/446—Sieving means
    • A01F12/448—Sieve adjusting means

Definitions

  • the application relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a double-screw threshing conveying system and a combine harvester.
  • the threshing system of the crawler combine harvester can be divided into a longitudinal axial flow threshing and cleaning system and a horizontal axial flow threshing and cleaning system. These two forms of threshing and cleaning systems are the main structural forms currently used in the market.
  • the length of the longitudinal axial flow drum is long, so that the crops can have time to be fully threshed and separated in the drum, but if the length is too long, the length of the entire machine will inevitably be lengthened, and the machine is not flexible enough for operation or turning, and the structure is not compact enough.
  • the horizontal axial flow drum mainly includes a single drum horizontal axial flow threshing system and a 1.5-drum horizontal axial flow threshing system. Although its layout on the harvester is shorter than the overall length of the vertical axial flow, the threshing stroke is short due to its short drum stroke. less than one-half of the longitudinal axial flow. When encountering varieties that are difficult to thresh, such a short drum cannot allow sufficient time for the crops to be threshed in the drum. Finally, some of the fed crops will be discharged from the body before threshing, and the loss of crops will increase. This horizontal axis axis The flow drum structure can make the whole machine compact in structure and flexible in operation, but it does not necessarily guarantee the threshing effect of crops.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present application is to overcome the inability of the harvester threshing system in the prior art to simultaneously satisfy the overall mobility and threshing effect of the harvester.
  • a double-screw threshing conveying system comprising:
  • Two concave plate screens are arranged on the frame in parallel and at intervals in the horizontal direction; the inner screen surface of any one of the concave plate screens is in the shape of an arc; the two concave plate screens are located on the same side of the frame One end of the opening is provided with a transition port along the radial direction; the two transition ports are facing each other and communicate with each other;
  • One of the concave plate screen is located at the opposite end of the transition port and away from the other end of the transition port to open a feeding port for crops;
  • Two cylinder covers in one-to-one correspondence and buckled on the concave plate screen, form a hollow cylindrical installation cavity with the concave plate screen; any one of the cylinder covers is spaced from the wall surface of the installation cavity A number of guides are provided; the crops entering the installation cavity are adapted to be moved directionally around the axis; the guiding directions of the guides in the two cylinder covers are opposite;
  • Two rollers are respectively coaxially and rotatably arranged in the installation cavity; the rollers are respectively arranged with a gap between the corresponding inner screen surface and the end surface of the guide member; the working area of the rollers
  • the length of the corresponding intaglio screen is the same; the length of the two intaglio screens is the same.
  • the above-mentioned double-spiral threshing and conveying system further includes a limit adjustment structure, which is detachably arranged at the gap formed between the outer screen surfaces of the two concave plate screens and the transition plate screen.
  • the limit adjustment structure further includes:
  • the two adjusting pieces are in the shape of a circular arc as a whole, and are respectively fixed on the two concave plate screens on both sides of the gap; the two sides of the sealing plate are respectively fixed on the two adjusting pieces.
  • any one of the adjusting members includes:
  • an adjustment plate the surface of which is in an arc shape matching the concave screen to which it is fixed; the surface of the adjustment plate is suitable for partially blocking the transition port;
  • Two mounting plates are bent along the adjusting plate and are respectively fixed on opposite sides of the adjusting plate; one of the mounting plates is suitable for being fixed on the concave screen, and the other is suitable for The sealing plate is fixedly connected.
  • the cross-section of the adjusting member is in the shape of a trough.
  • the screen surface of the transition plate screen is arranged tangentially to the inner screen surface of the concave plate screen that first contacts the crops.
  • the cylinder cover includes a square mounting frame and a circular arc-shaped cover hingedly arranged with one side of the mounting frame; the mounting frame is suitable for being lapped and fixed on the edge of the concave plate screen;
  • the cover body includes an arc-shaped top cover and side top plates blocked on both sides of the top cover; the guide pieces are arranged at intervals along the inner wall surface of the top cover, and guide pieces are formed between adjacent guide pieces aisle.
  • a plurality of toggle members are arranged on any one of the drums at intervals along the axial direction of the drum; all the toggle members have the same size; The distance forms the radius of rotation of the drum;
  • the height of the lowest point of the cylindrical surface formed by the rotation of the drum that contacts the crop later from the horizontal plane is greater than the height of the lowest point of the cylindrical surface formed by the rotation of the drum that first contacts the crop from the horizontal plane.
  • the rotation radius of the drum contacting the crop later is smaller than the rotation radius of the drum contacting the crop earlier.
  • the highest point of the cylindrical surface formed by the rotation of the drum that contacts the crop later is located at the same level as the highest point of the cylindrical surface formed by the rotation of the drum that contacts the crop first.
  • any one of the drums further comprises:
  • a plurality of discs which are coaxially and spaced apart on the drum shaft; a plurality of mounting parts are arranged at intervals on the outer circumference of any one of the discs;
  • a plurality of threshing tooth bars are arranged across all the webs and fixed on the mounting part; a plurality of toggles are arranged on any of the threshing tooth bars at intervals.
  • the toggle teeth on the adjacent threshing gear bars are spaced apart from each other in the axial direction of the drum.
  • a combine harvester comprising the above-described double screw threshing conveying system.
  • the double-screw threshing conveying system includes two threshing spaces arranged horizontally and at intervals in the forward and backward directions of the harvester. Install the rollers in the installation cavity. Guides are arranged at intervals on the inner wall of the cylinder cover to guide the crops entering the threshing space to move directionally around the axis. When the drum rotates, the crops are driven to move, and are guided by the guides from the first threshing space to the second threshing space.
  • the working area of the threshing space is the same length, so that the crop threshing path passes the length of both drums and can be fully threshed.
  • the two threshing spaces are arranged at horizontal intervals, which makes the structure on the rack more compact.
  • the length of the two threshing work areas is the same, and a long enough threshing path can be ensured, which fully guarantees the overall mobility of the harvester and fully guarantees the threshing. Effect.
  • a limit adjustment structure is set at the gap formed between the outer screen surfaces of the two concave plate sieves and the transition sieve plate, and the limit adjustment structure is detachably fixed on both sides. on a concave sieve.
  • the limit adjustment structure is not set, some crops only pass through the first concave plate screen and then fall into the lower vibrating screen from the gap, and directly enter the subsequent process.
  • the limit adjustment structure is set, the crops pass through the transition from the first concave plate screen
  • the plate sieve enters the second concave plate sieve and passes through a complete "ji"-shaped trend, the transmission path is longer, and the threshing and screening effect is better.
  • the limit adjustment structure includes an adjustment plate and mounting plates arranged on both sides of the adjustment plate.
  • the plate surface of the adjustment plate is in the shape of an arc matching the concave plate screen.
  • the plate surface of the adjustment plate is suitable for partially blocking the transition port.
  • the adjustment plate can choose the size of the plate surface with different widths according to the needs, so as to realize the transition port through the crops. The size of the crop is adjusted, thereby partially prolonging the transmission path of the crop and prolonging the threshing, separation and screening time of the crop.
  • the radian of the cross-section of the concave plate screen is 180 degrees; Connected to the mounting beam of the frame.
  • the connecting beam is set horizontally and can be lapped together with the horizontal mounting surface of the assembly beam on the frame.
  • the height of the lowest point of the cylindrical surface formed by the rotation of the roller that contacts the crop later is greater than the height of the lowest point of the cylindrical surface formed by the rotation of the roller that first contacts the crop from the horizontal plane.
  • the structural design increases the distance between the drum that contacts the crop behind and the horizontal vibrating screen below, so that the debris falling from the drum that contacts the crop afterward to the vibrating screen can be sufficiently screened by wind blowing.
  • Fig. 1 is the structural representation one of the concave plate screen in the embodiment of the application;
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the concave plate screen in the embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the concave plate screen, the cylinder cover and the drum in the embodiment of the application;
  • Fig. 4 is the structural representation 2 of the concave plate screen in the embodiment of the application.
  • Fig. 5 is the structural schematic diagram three of the concave plate screen in the embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the assembly of the concave plate screen and the cylinder cover in the embodiment of the application;
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a double drum in an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the trend of crops in the double-drum structure in the embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a first drum in an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a second roller in the embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a cylinder cover in an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of the distribution structure of the grass guides in the embodiment of the application.
  • 11b assembly beam; 110b, assembly hole; 111b, positioning pin; 2b, first concave plate screen; 21b, feeding port; 3b, second concave plate screen; 4b, side guard plate; 41b, steel wire; 5b, connecting beam 50b, the second installation hole; 501b, the positioning hole; 51b, the grid strip; 6b, the transition port; 7b, the transition plate screen; 8b, the reinforcing rib; 9b, the sealing plate; ; 10b, Gap;
  • the terms “installed”, “connected” and “connected” should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be a fixed connection or a detachable connection Connection, or integral connection; can be mechanical connection, can also be electrical connection; can be directly connected, can also be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, can be internal communication between two elements.
  • installed should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be a fixed connection or a detachable connection Connection, or integral connection; can be mechanical connection, can also be electrical connection; can be directly connected, can also be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, can be internal communication between two elements.
  • This embodiment provides a double-screw conveying system, which includes two threshing spaces arranged horizontally and at intervals in the forward and backward directions of the harvester.
  • the threshing space is a hollow cylindrical installation cavity surrounded by a concave plate screen and a cylinder cover. Install the roller in the cavity.
  • Guides are arranged at intervals on the inner wall of the cylinder cover to guide the crops entering the threshing space to move directionally around the axis. When the drum rotates, the crops are driven to move, and are guided by the guides from the first threshing space to the second threshing space.
  • the working area of the threshing space is the same length, so that the crop threshing path passes the length of both drums and can be fully threshed.
  • the two threshing spaces are arranged at horizontal intervals, which makes the structure on the rack more compact.
  • the length of the two threshing work areas is the same, and a long enough threshing path can be ensured, which fully guarantees the overall mobility of the harvester and fully guarantees the threshing. Effect.
  • the two concave plate screens are the first concave plate screen 2b provided with the feeding port 21b and the second concave plate screen 3b arranged adjacent to the first concave plate screen 2b in the direction of crop transmission.
  • the concave plate screen 2b and the second concave plate screen 3b have the same length, that is, the length of the screening area is the same.
  • the inner screen surface of each concave plate screen is in the shape of a circular arc, and the axes of the two concave plate screens are parallel to each other, and are fixed on the frame 1 at intervals along the horizontal direction.
  • each concave screen includes two side shields 4b, two connecting beams 5b, a plurality of grid bars 51b, a plurality of steel wires 41b and a plurality of reinforcing bars 8b.
  • the two side shields 4b are arc-shaped respectively, the side shields 4b are coaxial and oppositely arranged, the two ends of the two side shields 4b are welded and fixed together by the connecting beam 5b, and the two side shields 4b are An installation space is enclosed between the two connecting beams 5b.
  • the grid bars 51b are arranged in parallel with the connecting beams 5b and are fixed across the two side shields 4b.
  • Each grid bar 51b has a plurality of through holes evenly spaced.
  • the steel wire 41b is arranged in parallel with the side shield 4b, and passes through the through holes on each grid bar 51b in sequence. Both ends of the steel wire 41b are respectively fixed on the connecting beam. 5b or grid bar 51b. All the grid bars 51b and the steel wires 41b intersect each other to form a plurality of grid units, and all the grid units together form a grid-like screen surface.
  • the reinforcing ribs 8b are arranged parallel to the side shields 4b, and are fixed at intervals on the outer screen surface.
  • the grid bars 51b are welded and fixed to the side shields 4b on both sides, and the reinforcing rib 8b and all the grid bars 51b are also fixed by welding.
  • the separation wrapping angles of the first concave plate screen 2b and the second concave plate screen 3b are both 180 degrees, that is, the side guard plate 4b is in a semicircular arc shape as a whole.
  • the separation angle is greater than 180 degrees, the upper space of the concave plate screen is wasted, and the upper part is curved, and the grains are thrown out of the concave plate screen from the upper part, and may fall back into the concave plate screen when falling, which affects the cleaning effect.
  • it is less than 180 degrees the area of the screen surface is reduced, which also affects the cleaning effect.
  • the area of the grid cells in the first concave screen 2b is smaller than the area of the grid cells in the second concave screen 3b, so that only crop grains pass through the first concave screen 2b, and the second intaglio screen It is suitable for passing through the grains and other small debris, so as to avoid the grains being entrained by the debris and discharged from the grass discharge port, causing losses.
  • the distance between two adjacent steel wires 41b in the second concave plate screen 3b is greater than that in the first concave plate screen 2b
  • Both are larger than the spacing between adjacent grid bars 51b and adjacent steel wires 41b in the first concave plate screen 2b.
  • the steel wires 41b in each concave plate screen can be drawn out at intervals as required, so as to increase the area of the grid unit.
  • transition ports 6b are respectively provided on the ends of the two concave plate screens on the same side of the frame along the radial direction, and the two transition ports 6b are arranged facing each other.
  • the transition plate screen 7b is laid between the two transition openings 6b.
  • the transition plate screen 7b includes a screen frame, the screen frame is in a square structure, and the grid bars 51b are arranged in the screen frame at uniform intervals. Similarly, any grid bar 51b A plurality of through holes are opened at uniform intervals on the top, and the steel wires 41b pass through the through holes on the grid bars 51b in turn in the longitudinal direction.
  • the width direction of the square screen frame is horizontal, and the length direction is vertical.
  • the feeding port 21b is arranged on the side of the first concave screen 2b opposite to the transition port 6b and away from the transition port 6b.
  • three assembling beams 11b are arranged on the frame 1 at intervals, and the connecting beams 5b on both sides of the first concave screen 2b are overlapped and fixed between the first and second two assembling beams 11b.
  • the connecting beams 5b on both sides of the second intaglio screen are overlapped and fixed between the second and third two assembling beams 11b.
  • the transition port 6b is opened close to one side of the frame 1 .
  • a hollow cylindrical installation cavity is enclosed between the cylinder cover and the corresponding concave plate screen, and the installation cavity forms a threshing space.
  • a first threshing space is formed between the first cylinder cover 2c and the first concave plate screen 2b, the first drum 2a is installed in the first threshing space, and the first concave plate screen 2b and the first drum The end faces of the toggle teeth of 2a are arranged in a gap.
  • a second threshing space is formed between the second cylinder cover 3c and the second concave plate screen 3b, and the second drum 3a is installed in the second threshing space.
  • the transition port 6b communicates with the first threshing space and the second threshing space, and the crops enter the second threshing space from the first threshing space through the transition plate screen 7b.
  • a limit adjustment structure is provided at the gap 10b formed between the outer screen surfaces of the two concave plate screens and the transition screen plate, and the limit adjustment structure is detachably fixed to the first concave plate screen on both sides. 2b and the second concave plate screen 3b.
  • the limit adjustment structure is not provided, part of the crops only pass through the first concave plate screen 2b and then fall into the lower vibrating screen from the gap 10b, and directly enter the subsequent process.
  • 2b enters the second concave plate sieve 3b through the transition plate screen 7b and passes through the complete "ji"-shaped trend, the transmission path is longer, and the threshing and screening effect is better.
  • the limit adjustment structure includes a sealing plate 9b, and the shape of the sealing plate 9b matches the shape of the notch 10b. Further, it also includes an adjustment member connecting the sealing plate 9b and the two concave screen screens. As shown in Figures 4 and 5, the adjustment member includes an adjustment plate 91b and two mounting plates 92b fixed on both sides of the adjustment plate 91b. The plate surface of the plate 91b is in the shape of an arc that matches the concave plate screen to which it is fixed. The two mounting plates 92b are bent along the adjusting plate 91b and are respectively fixed on the opposite sides of the adjusting plate 91b. One mounting plate 92b is used for fixing the connecting recess.
  • the plate screen, another mounting plate 92b is used to fix and connect the sealing plate 9b.
  • the cross-section of the adjusting member is indented, and the adjusting plate 91b and the mounting plates 92b on both sides are integrally formed.
  • the plate surface of the adjustment plate 91b is suitable for partially blocking the transition port 6b, and the adjustment plate 91b can choose the size of the plate surface with different widths according to the needs, so as to realize the adjustment of the size of the transition port 6b passing through the crops, thereby partially extending the transmission path of the crops, Extend the threshing separation screening time of crops.
  • the arc of the cross section of the concave plate screen and the cylinder cover are both 180 degrees.
  • the connecting beam 5b is arranged horizontally and can be overlapped with the horizontal installation surface of the assembly beam 11b on the frame 1. During installation, only the concave screen is placed between the two assembly beams 11b, so that the connecting beam 5b It only needs to be mounted on the assembly beam 11b, and there is no need to carry out palm welding and fixation, which reduces a lot of manpower and material resources.
  • the mounting frame 22c is in a square shape, and the cover 21c is hinged on one side of the mounting frame 22c and is suitable for being fastened on the mounting frame 22c.
  • the frame surface of the mounting frame 22c is suitable for overlapping with the surface of the connecting beam 5b, which is convenient for assembly.
  • the cover body 21c includes an arc-shaped top cover 211c and two side top plates 212c sealed on both sides of the top cover 211c.
  • the arc of the top cover 211c is 180 degrees, and guides are evenly spaced on the inner wall surface of the top cover 211c.
  • the guides are grass guides 24c, and the grass guides 24c are arc-shaped along the arc of the top cover 211c.
  • the grass guide plate 24c is arranged at a certain angle with the axis of the cylinder cover, so as to guide the crops entering the threshing space in the same direction.
  • the grass guide plates 24c in the first cylinder cover 2c and the second cylinder cover 3c are assembled about the middle.
  • the beams 11b are arranged axially symmetrically, that is, the guiding directions of the grass guide plates 24c in the two cylinder covers are opposite.
  • the locking assembly includes a fastener 9c and a washer 93c.
  • the fastener 9c is made of hexagonal steel, and the fastener 9c includes a hexagonal handle The screw portion 92c below the portion 91c.
  • the assembling beam 11b is provided with assembling holes 110b which are threadedly matched with the threaded portion 92c
  • the installation frame 22c is provided with a plurality of first installation holes (not shown in the figure) at intervals along the frame, and a plurality of second installations are started at intervals on the connecting beam 5b.
  • the hole 50b, the first mounting hole, the second mounting hole 50b and the mounting hole 110b are correspondingly arranged, and the fastener 9c passes through the first mounting hole and the second mounting hole 50b in sequence and is fixed in the mounting hole 110b, and the mounting frame 22c
  • a washer 93c is provided between the fastener 9c and between the connecting beam 5b and the assembling beam 11b, and the washer 93c is coaxially sleeved on the threaded portion 92c of the fastener 9c.
  • the diameter of the corresponding first installation hole is smaller than the diameter of the second installation hole 50b, so as to correct the slight misalignment between the concave plate screen and the cylinder cover.
  • an inner thread may be set in the first installation hole to cooperate with the outer thread of the fastener 9c to increase the locking strength.
  • the positioning assembly includes at least one positioning pin 111b, which is disposed on the assembling beam 11b.
  • the positioning pin 111b is cylindrical.
  • the connecting beam 5b and the mounting frame 22c are respectively provided with positioning holes 501b, and the positioning holes 501b are suitable for being sleeved on the corresponding positioning pins 111b.
  • the positioning holes 501b on the connecting beam 5b and the mounting frame 22c have the same diameter and are slightly larger than the diameters of the positioning pins 111b, so as to correct the slight misalignment of the first and second mounting holes 50b relative to the mounting holes 110b.
  • the concave plate screen and the cylinder cover are integrally assembled to the assembly beam 11b of the harvester frame 1 through the fastener 9c, the structure is simple, the installation operation is simple and easy, and manpower and material resources are saved.
  • the axes of the two drums are parallel to each other and are arranged at intervals in the conveying direction of the crops.
  • a plurality of toggles are arranged at intervals along the drum shaft 4a on any drum, and a working area W is formed between the two toggles at both ends of the drum.
  • the lengths of the two working regions W and the corresponding concave screen are the same. In the embodiment, the lengths of the two concave plate screens are the same.
  • the crops first enter the first drum 2a from the feeding port 21b, are rotated and threshed by the first drum 2a, and are screwed into the second drum 3a located at the rear, and then rotated and threshed by the second drum 3a, and finally screwed.
  • the crops spiral in the double-drum structure and are in a straight shape, the stroke length is the sum of the lengths of the two cylinders, the threshing stroke is long, and the threshing effect is obvious.
  • One end of the two drums is flush and the overall axial direction is parallel, which does not occupy extra space, so that the overall structure of the combine harvester is compact.
  • the overall structure of the first drum 2a and the second drum 3a is the same, the difference is that a section of grass discharge area D is added at the end of the crop stroke of the second drum 3a, as shown in Figures 9 and 10, any drum Disc 5a and a plurality of threshing racks 6a.
  • three webs 5a are provided in the working area W of the first drum 2a and the second drum 3a, and one web 5a is provided in the drafting area D of the second roller 3a, and all webs 5a pass through the webs 5a
  • the seats are fixed on the corresponding drum shafts 4a at even intervals.
  • any installation part includes a limit groove 52a and several sets of adjustment holes 51a arranged on the outer circumference of the limit groove 52a.
  • the limit groove 52a The groove shape matches with the threshing tooth bar 6a, and is suitable for embedding the threshing tooth bar 6a.
  • the connecting rod is welded and fixed on the threshing toothed rod 6a, and the threshing toothed rod 6a and the web 5a are detachably connected together by a connecting plate 8a, and the connecting plate 8a is provided with a through hole corresponding to any set of adjustment holes 51a,
  • the bolts pass through the corresponding adjustment holes 51a and the through holes on the connecting plate 8a to fix the threshing rack 6a on the web 5a, and are fixed in different adjustment holes 51a to realize the toggle on the threshing rack 6a angle adjustment.
  • each threshing tooth bar 6a is provided with a plurality of toggles at intervals.
  • the toggle member is a cylindrical toggle tooth 7a. The toggle teeth 7a on the adjacent threshing gear rods 6a are spaced apart from each other in the axial direction of the drum to enhance the threshing effect.
  • All the toggle teeth 7a in the work area W have the same size.
  • the toggle teeth 7a on the same drum have the same inclination angle with respect to the drum shaft 4a, forming a radial structure.
  • the distance from the end face of any toggle tooth 7a to the axis of the drum forms the radius of rotation of the drum.
  • the end surfaces of all the toggle teeth 7a together form a cylindrical surface.
  • the height of the lowest point of the cylindrical surface of the second roller 3a from the horizontal plane is greater than the height of the lowest point of the cylindrical surface of the first roller 2a from the horizontal plane.
  • the radius of rotation of the second roller 3a is smaller than the radius of rotation of the first roller 2a, while the height of the roller shaft 4a of the second roller 3a is higher than the height of the roller shaft 4a of the first roller 2a, and the second roller 3a and the The highest point of the rotating cylindrical surface of a drum 2a is at the same level.
  • the structural design increases the distance between the drum that contacts the crop behind and the horizontal vibrating screen below, so that the debris falling from the drum that contacts the crop afterward to the vibrating screen can be sufficiently screened by wind blowing.
  • the transition ends of the first drum 2a and the second drum 3a are respectively provided with anti-wrap rings 9a, that is, as shown in Figure 7, the first drum 2a is fixed on the One end of the drum shaft 4a of the right frame 1 is provided with an anti-winding ring 9a, and the second drum 3a is fixed on one end of the drum shaft 4a of the right frame 1, and an anti-winding ring 9a is provided to prevent crop straws from being wound on the drum shaft 4a Obstructing crop transport.
  • the crops enter the first threshing space from the feeding port 21b, and are stirred by the rotation of the toggle member of the drum.
  • the crops are moved along the inner wall surface of the concave plate screen and the cylinder cover by centrifugal action, and are guided by the guide members on the cylinder cover. Do a spiral motion in the set direction.
  • From the feeding port 21b along the first threshing space to the transition port enter the second threshing space through the transition plate screen, thresh through the spiral guiding motion opposite to the first threshing space, and enter the grass discharging area D.
  • the crops are threshed spirally in the two threshing spaces, and travel along the "several"-shaped path formed by the two threshing spaces. The traveling distance is long and the threshing is more sufficient.
  • This embodiment provides a combine harvester, including the double screw conveying system in Embodiment 1.

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Abstract

一种双螺旋脱粒输送系统，包括：两个凹板筛，在水平方向上平行且间隔设置在机架（1）上；任一凹板筛的内筛面呈圆弧状；两个凹板筛上位于机架（1）同侧的一端沿径向开设过渡口（6b）；两个过渡口（6b）正对并相互连通；过渡板筛（7b），铺设在两个凹板筛之间并连接两个过渡口（6b）；其一凹板筛上位于过渡口（6b）的对向并远离所述过渡口（6b）的另一端开设作物的投料口（21b）；两个筒盖，一一对应并扣设在凹板筛上，与凹板筛之间围成空心圆柱形安装腔；任一筒盖朝向安装腔的壁面上间隔设置若干导向件；适于引导进入所述安装腔内的作物绕轴线定向移动；两个筒盖中的导向件的导引方向相反；两个滚筒，分别同轴且可转动地设置在安装腔内；滚筒与对应的内筛面以及导向件的端面之间分别呈间隙设置；滚筒的工作区与对应的凹板筛的长度相同；两个凹版筛的长度相同。该系统使得在机架上的结构更紧凑，两个脱粒工作区的长度相同，又能保证足够长的脱粒路径，在保证收割机整体机动性的同时充分保证了脱粒的效果。一种包括该双螺旋脱粒输送系统的联合收割机。

Description

一种双螺旋脱粒输送系统及联合收割机 技术领域
本申请涉及农业机械技术领域，具体涉及一种双螺旋脱粒输送系统及联合收割机。
背景技术
履带式联合收割机脱粒系统可分为纵轴流式脱粒清选系统与横轴流式脱粒清选系统，此两种形式的脱粒清选系统为目前市场上使用的主要结构形式。
纵轴流式滚筒长度较长，让作物有时间可以在滚筒内进行充分的脱粒分离，但长度过长，势必会让整个机器长度加长，机器作业或转弯时不够灵活、结构不够紧凑。
横轴流式滚筒主要包括单滚筒横轴流脱粒系统和1.5个滚筒横轴流脱粒系统，其在收割机上的布局虽然较纵轴流的整体长度短，但因其滚筒行程较短，脱粒行程不及纵轴流二分之一。当遇到难脱品种时，如此短的滚筒不能使作物在滚筒内有充分的时间进行脱粒，最后导致喂入的部分作物未来得及脱粒就被排出机体，作物损失变大，此种横轴轴流滚筒结构能使整机结构紧凑、作业灵活，但不一定能很好保证作物的脱粒效果。
发明内容
因此，本申请要解决的技术问题在于克服现有技术中收割机脱粒系统无法同时满足收割机的整体机动性和脱粒效果。
根据本申请的一个方面，提出一种双螺旋脱粒输送系统，包括：
两个凹板筛，在水平方向上平行且间隔设置在机架上；任一所述凹板筛的内筛面呈圆弧状；两个所述凹板筛上位于所述机架同侧的一端沿径向开设过渡口；两个所述过渡口正对并相互连通；
过渡板筛，铺设在两个所述凹板筛之间并连接两个所述过渡口；
其一所述凹板筛上位于所述过渡口的对向并远离所述过渡口的另一端开设作物的投料口；
两个筒盖，一一对应并扣设在所述凹板筛上，与所述凹板筛之间围成空心圆柱形安装腔；任一所述筒盖朝向所述安装腔的壁面上间隔设置若干导向件；适于引导进入所述安装腔内的作物绕轴线定向移动；两个所述筒盖中的所述导向件的导引方向相反；
两个滚筒，分别同轴且可转动地设置在所述安装腔内；所述滚筒与对应的所述内筛面 以及所述导向件的端面之间分别呈间隙设置；所述滚筒的工作区与对应的所述凹板筛的长度相同；两个所述凹版筛的长度相同。
优选地，上述双螺旋脱粒输送系统还包括限位调节结构，可拆卸地设置在两个所述凹板筛的外筛面与所述过渡板筛之间形成的豁口处。
优选地，所述限位调节结构还包括：
两个调节件，整体呈圆弧状，并分别固定在所述豁口两侧的两个所述凹板筛上；所述封板的两边分别固定在两个所述调节件上。
优选地，任一所述调节件包括：
调节板，其板面呈与其所固定的所述凹板筛匹配的圆弧状；所述调节板的板面适于局部封堵所述过渡口；
两个安装板，沿所述调节板弯曲设置并分别固定在所述调节板相对的两边；其一所述安装板适于固定在所述凹板筛上，另一所述安装板上适于固定连接所述封板。
优选地，所述调节件的横截面呈匚型。
优选地，所述过渡板筛的筛面与先接触作物的所述凹板筛的内筛面相切设置。
优选地，所述筒盖包括方形的安装框以及与安装框的一侧框边铰接设置的圆弧形的盖体；所述安装框适于搭接固定在所述凹板筛的边缘上；
所述盖体包括圆弧形的顶盖和封堵在顶盖两侧的侧顶板；所述导向件沿所述顶盖的内壁面间隔设置，且相邻所述导向件之间形成导引通道。
优选地，任一所述滚筒上沿所述滚筒的轴向间隔设置多个拨动件；所有所述拨动件的尺寸相同；任一所述拨动件的端面至所述滚筒的轴线的距离形成所述滚筒的旋转半径；
后接触作物的所述滚筒转动形成的圆柱面的最低点距离水平面的高度大于先接触作物的所述滚筒转动形成的圆柱面的最低点距离水平面的高度。
优选地，后接触作物的所述滚筒的旋转半径小于先接触作物的所述滚筒的旋转半径。
优选地，后接触作物的所述滚筒转动形成的圆柱面的最高点与先接触作物的所述滚筒转动形成的圆柱面的最高点位于同一水平高度。
优选地，任一所述滚筒还包括：
滚筒轴；
若干幅盘，同轴且间隔设置在所述滚筒轴上；任一所述幅盘外圆周上间隔设置若干安装部；
多个脱粒齿杆，跨设在所有幅盘上并固定在所述安装部上；任一所述脱粒齿杆上间隔设置多个拨动件。
优选地，相邻所述脱粒齿杆上的所述拨动齿在所述滚筒的轴向上相互间隔设置。
根据本申请的另一方面，提供一种联合收割机，包括上述所述的双螺旋脱粒输送系统。
本申请技术方案，具有如下优点：
1.本申请提供的双螺旋脱粒输送系统，包括在收割机行进方向上水平且前后间隔设置的两个脱粒空间，脱粒空间为凹板筛和筒盖围成的空心圆柱形安装腔，每个安装腔内安装滚筒。筒盖内壁面上间隔设置导向件，用于引导进入脱粒空间的作物绕轴线做定向移动，滚筒旋转时带动作物运动，并通过导向件的引导由第一脱粒空间进入第二脱粒空间，两个脱粒空间的工作区长度相同，因此，作物脱粒路径经过两个滚筒的长度，能够充分脱粒。两个脱粒空间水平间隔设置，使得在机架上的结构更紧凑，两个脱粒工作区的长度相同，又能保证足够长的脱粒路径，在保证收割机整体机动性的同时充分保证了脱粒的效果。
2.本申请提供的双螺旋脱粒输送系统，在两个凹板筛的外筛面与过渡筛板之间形成的豁口处设置限位调节结构，限位调节结构可拆卸地固定在两侧的凹板筛上。当不设置限位调节结构时，部分作物仅经过第一凹板筛后便从豁口落入下方振动筛，直接进入后续过程，当设置限位调节结构时，作物从第一凹板筛经由过渡板筛进入第二凹板筛通过完整的“几”字型走向，传输路径更长，脱粒筛选效果更好。
3.本申请提供的双螺旋脱粒输送系统，限位调节结构包括调节板和设置在调节板两侧的安装板。调节板的板面呈与凹板筛匹配的圆弧状，调节板的板面适于局部封堵过渡口，调节板可以根据需要选择不同宽度的板面尺寸，以实现对通过作物的过渡口的大小调节，从而部分延长作物的传输路径，延长作物的脱粒分离筛选时间。
4.本申请提供的双螺旋脱粒输送系统，凹板筛的横截面的弧度均为180度；凹板筛包括弧形的筛面以及水平设置在筛面两端的连接梁，连接梁适于搭接在机架的装配梁上。连接梁水平设置，能够与机架上的装配梁的水平安装面贴合搭接在一起，安装时，仅需将凹板筛放入两个装配梁之间，使连接梁搭在装配梁上，然后通过锁止组件将连接梁固定在装配梁上，无需进行掌扶焊接固定，结构简单，安装操作简单易行，节省人力物力。
5.本申请提供的双螺旋脱粒输送系统，后接触作物的滚筒转动形成的圆柱面的最低点距离水平面的高度大于先接触作物的滚筒转动形成的圆柱面的最低点距离水平面的高度。该结构设计增加了后接触作物的滚筒距离下方水平振动筛的距离，能够使从后接触作物的滚筒中向振动筛下落的杂余得到充分的风吹筛选。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请具体实施方式或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对具体实施 方式或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图是本申请的一些实施方式，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本申请实施例中凹板筛的结构示意图一；
图2为本申请实施例中凹板筛的装配结构示意图；
图3为本申请实施例中凹板筛、筒盖和滚筒的装配结构示意图；
图4为本申请实施例中凹板筛的结构示意图二；
图5为本申请实施例中凹板筛的结构示意图三；
图6为本申请实施例中凹板筛与筒盖装配的分解结构示意图；
图7为本申请实施例中双滚筒的结构示意图；
图8为本申请实施例中作物在双滚筒结构中的走向示意图；
图9为本申请实施例中第一滚筒的结构示意图；
图10为本申请实施例中第二滚筒的结构示意图；
图11为本申请实施例中筒盖的结构示意图；
图12为本申请实施例中导草板的分布结构示意图。
附图标记说明：
1、机架；2a、第一滚筒；3a、第二滚筒；4a、滚筒轴；5a、幅盘；51a、调节孔；52a、限位槽；53a、幅盘座；6a、脱粒齿杆；7a、拨动齿；8a、连接板；9a、防缠圈；W、作业区；D、排草区；
11b、装配梁；110b、装配孔；111b、定位销；2b、第一凹板筛；21b、投料口；3b、第二凹板筛；4b、侧护板；41b、钢丝；5b、连接梁；50b、第二安装孔；501b、定位孔；51b、栅格条；6b、过渡口；7b、过渡板筛；8b、加强筋条；9b、封板；91b、调节板；92b、安装板；10b、豁口；
2c、第一筒盖；21c、盖体；211c、顶盖；212c、侧顶板；22c、安装框；23c、把手；24c、导草板；3c、第二筒盖；9c、紧固件；91c、手持部；92c、螺纹部；93c、垫圈。
具体实施方式
下面将结合附图对本申请的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
在本申请的描述中，需要说明的是，术语“中心”、“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是 为了便于描述本申请和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本申请的限制。此外，术语“第一”、“第二”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性。
在本申请的描述中，需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以具体情况理解上述术语在本申请中的具体含义。
此外，下面所描述的本申请不同实施方式中所涉及的技术特征只要彼此之间未构成冲突就可以相互结合。
实施例1
本实施例提供一种双螺旋输送系统，包括在收割机行进方向上水平且前后间隔设置的两个脱粒空间，脱粒空间为凹板筛和筒盖围成的空心圆柱形安装腔，每个安装腔内安装滚筒。筒盖内壁面上间隔设置导向件，用于引导进入脱粒空间的作物绕轴线做定向移动，滚筒旋转时带动作物运动，并通过导向件的引导由第一脱粒空间进入第二脱粒空间，两个脱粒空间的工作区长度相同，因此，作物脱粒路径经过两个滚筒的长度，能够充分脱粒。两个脱粒空间水平间隔设置，使得在机架上的结构更紧凑，两个脱粒工作区的长度相同，又能保证足够长的脱粒路径，在保证收割机整体机动性的同时充分保证了脱粒的效果。
如图2所示，两个凹板筛分别为设置投料口21b的第一凹板筛2b和与第一凹板筛2b在作物传输方向上相邻设置的第二凹板筛3b，第一凹板筛2b和第二凹板筛3b的长度相同，即筛选区的长度相同。每个凹板筛的内筛面呈圆弧状，两个凹板筛的轴线相互平行，且沿水平方向间隔固定在机架1上。
如图1所示，每个凹板筛均包括两个侧护板4b、两个连接梁5b、多个栅格条51b、多个钢丝41b和若干加强筋条8b。两个侧护板4b分别呈圆弧状，侧护板4b同轴且相对设置，两个侧护板4b的两端部之间通过连接梁5b焊接固定在一起，两个侧护板4b与两个连接梁5b之间围成安装空间。本实施例中，栅格条51b与连接梁5b平行设置并跨接固定在两个侧护板4b之间，相邻栅格条51b之间的间距相同，沿侧护板4b均匀间隔且呈辐射状分布，即每个栅格条51b所在的平面相交于凹板筛的轴线上，侧护板4b所在的圆弧的圆心位于该轴线上。每个栅格条51b上均匀间隔开设多个通孔，钢丝41b与侧护板4b平行设置，并依次穿过每个栅格条51b上的通孔，钢丝41b的两端分别固定在连接梁5b上或者 栅格条51b上。所有栅格条51b和钢丝41b之间相互交叉围成多个网格单元，所有网格单元共同形成网格状的筛面。本实施例中，加强筋条8b平行侧护板4b设置，并间隔固定在外筛面上。栅格条51b焊接固定在两侧的侧护板4b上，加强筋条8b与所有栅格条51b之间也通过焊接固定。
本实施例中，第一凹板筛2b和第二凹板筛3b的分离包角均为180度，即侧护板4b整体呈半圆弧形。分离包角大于180度时的凹板筛上部空间浪费，其次上部带弧度，籽粒从上部甩出凹板筛，下落时又可能重新落入凹板筛内，影响清选效果。小于180度时，筛面的面积减小，同样影响清选效果。
本实施例中，第一凹板筛2b中的网格单元的面积小于第二凹板筛3b中的网格单元的面积，使得第一凹板筛2b中只通过作物籽粒，第二凹版筛中适于通过籽粒以及其他细小的杂余，避免杂余将籽粒夹带并从排草口排出，造成损失。具体地，两个凹板筛中的相邻的两个栅格条51b之间间距相同时，第二凹板筛3b中相邻两个钢丝41b之间的间距大于第一凹板筛2b中相邻两个钢丝41b之间的间距；或者，当两个凹板筛中相邻的两个钢丝41b之间的间距相同时，则第二凹板筛3b中相邻两个栅格条51b之间的间距大于第一凹板筛2b中相邻两个栅格条51b之间的间距；又或者第二凹板筛3b中的相邻栅格条51b和相邻钢丝41b之间的间距均大于第一凹板筛2b中相邻栅格条51b和相邻钢丝41b之间间距。当然，每个凹板筛中的钢丝41b均可以按需要间隔抽出，以增大网格单元的面积。
再如图1所示，两个凹板筛上位于机架同侧的一端沿径向分别开设过渡口6b，两个过渡口6b正对设置，两个凹板筛通过过渡口6b相互连通。过渡板筛7b铺设在两个过渡口6b之间，过渡板筛7b包括筛框，筛框呈方形结构，栅格条51b横向均匀间隔设置在筛框内，同样地，任一栅格条51b上均匀间隔开设多个通孔，钢丝41b沿纵向依次穿过栅格条51b上的通孔。其中，方形筛框的宽度方向为横向，长度方向为纵向。投料口21b设置在第一凹板筛2b上与过渡口6b对向并远离过渡口6b的一侧，作物从投料口21b进入凹板筛中的传输路径呈“几”字型。
如图2所示，机架1上间隔设置三个装配梁11b，第一凹板筛2b的两侧连接梁5b搭接固定在第一和第二两个装配梁11b之间，同样地，第二凹版筛的两侧连接梁5b搭接固定在第二和第三两个装配梁11b之间。过渡口6b靠近一侧机架1开设。该结构设计在使得两个凹板筛在收割机机架1上的布局紧凑的同时又能提高作物经过凹板筛脱粒筛选的路径，大大提高了收割机整体的机动性和脱粒效果。
筒盖和对应的凹板筛之间围成空心圆柱形的安装腔，该安装腔形成脱粒空间。如图3所示，第一筒盖2c和第一凹板筛2b之间围成第一脱粒空间，第一滚筒2a安装在第一脱 粒空间内，且第一凹板筛2b与第一滚筒2a的拨动齿的端面之间呈间隙设置。第二筒盖3c和第二凹板筛3b之间围成第二脱粒空间，第二滚筒3a安装在第二脱粒空间内，同时，第二凹板筛3b与第二滚筒3a的拨动齿的端面之间呈间隙设置。过渡口6b连通第一脱粒空间和第二脱粒空间，作物从第一脱粒空间经由过渡板筛7b进入第二脱粒空间。
如图4所示，在两个凹板筛的外筛面与过渡筛板之间形成的豁口10b处设置限位调节结构，限位调节结构可拆卸地固定在两侧的第一凹板筛2b和第二凹板筛3b上。当不设置限位调节结构时，部分作物仅经过第一凹板筛2b后便从豁口10b落入下方振动筛，直接进入后续过程，当设置限位调节结构时，作物从第一凹板筛2b经由过渡板筛7b进入第二凹板筛3b通过完整的“几”字型走向，传输路径更长，脱粒筛选效果更好。
本实施例中，限位调节结构包括封板9b，封板9b的形状与豁口10b的形状相匹配。进一步地，还包括连接封板9b和两个凹板筛的调节件，如图4和图5所示，调节件包括调节板91b和固定在调节板91b两侧的两个安装板92b，调节板91b的板面呈与其固定的凹板筛匹配的圆弧状，两个安装板92b沿调节板91b弯曲设置并分别固定在调节板91b相对的两边，其一安装板92b用于固定连接凹板筛，另一安装板92b用于固定连接封板9b。本实施例中，调节件的横截面呈匚型，且调节板91b和两侧的安装板92b一体成型。调节板91b的板面适于局部封堵过渡口6b，调节板91b可以根据需要选择不同宽度的板面尺寸，以实现对通过作物的过渡口6b的大小调节，从而部分延长作物的传输路径，延长作物的脱粒分离筛选时间。
如图6所示，凹板筛与筒盖的横截面的弧度均为180度。多组锁止组件，任一锁止组件适于依次穿过安装框22c和连接梁5b并锁止固定在装配梁11b上。
连接梁5b水平设置，能够与机架1上的装配梁11b的水平安装面贴合搭接在一起，安装时，仅需将凹板筛放入两个装配梁11b之间，使连接梁5b搭在装配梁11b上即可，无需进行掌扶焊接固定，减少大量的人力物力。
如图6所示，安装框22c呈方形，盖体21c铰接在安装框22c的一侧框边上并适于扣设在安装框22c上。安装框22c的框面适于与连接梁5b的表面搭接贴合，便于装配。
如图11所示，盖体21c包括圆弧形的顶盖211c和封堵在顶盖211c两侧的两块侧顶板212c。顶盖211c的弧度为180度，顶盖211c的内壁面上均匀间隔设置导向件，本实施例中，导向件为导草板24c，导草板24c为沿顶盖211c弧面设置的弧形板，如图12所示，导草板24c与筒盖的轴线呈一定的角度设置，以便于朝同一方向导引进入脱粒空间的作物。且为满足作物在两个脱粒空间之间的“几”字型走向，如图12所示，本实施例中，第一筒盖2c和第二筒盖3c内导草板24c关于中间的装配梁11b呈轴对称设置，即两个筒盖内 的导草板24c的导引方向相反。
再如图6所示，锁止组件包括紧固件9c和垫圈93c，本实施例中，紧固件9c采用六角钢加工制成，紧固件9c包括六角形的手持部91c和成型在手持部91c下方的螺纹部92c。相应地，装配梁11b上开设与螺纹部92c螺纹配合的装配孔110b，安装框22c上沿边框间隔设置若干第一安装孔(图中未示出)，连接梁5b上间隔开始若干第二安装孔50b，第一安装孔、第二安装孔50b和装配孔110b三者对应设置，紧固件9c依次穿过第一安装孔和第二安装孔50b并固定在装配孔110b内，安装框22c与紧固件9c之间、连接梁5b与装配梁11b之间均设置垫圈93c，垫圈93c同轴套设在紧固件9c的螺纹部92c上。本实施例中，对应的第一安装孔的孔径小于第二安装孔50b的孔径，以便于校正凹板筛与筒盖之间微小的错位。进一步地，第一安装孔内还可以开设内螺纹，与紧固件9c的外螺纹相配合，以增加锁止的强度。
为提高安装的准确性，还设置定位组件，如图6所示，定位组件包括至少一个定位销111b，设置在装配梁11b上。本实施例中，每个装配梁11b的两端分别设置一个定位销111b，定位销111b呈圆柱形。连接梁5b和安装框22c上分别开设定位孔501b，定位孔501b适于套设在对应的定位销111b上。连接梁5b和安装框22c上的定位孔501b孔径相同，且均略大于定位销111b的直径，以便于校正第一安装孔和第二安装孔50b相对装配孔110b的微小错位。
通过紧固件9c将凹板筛和筒盖一体装配到收割机机架1的装配梁11b上，结构简单，安装操作简单易行，节省人力物力。
如图3或图7所示，两个滚筒的轴线相互平行且在作物的传送方向上间隔布置。任一滚筒上沿滚筒轴4a间隔设置多个拨动件，位于滚筒两端部的两个拨动件之间形成作业区W，两个作业区W与对应的凹板筛的长度相同，本实施例中，两个凹板筛的长度相同。如图8所示，作物从投料口21b先进入第一滚筒2a，经第一滚筒2a旋转脱粒并螺旋传送进位于后方的第二滚筒3a中，再由第二滚筒3a旋转脱粒，最后螺旋传送至排草区D并排出脱粒后的秸秆，作物在双滚筒结构中螺旋行进且呈冂形走向，行程长度为两个滚筒长度的总和，脱粒行程长，脱粒效果明显。两个滚筒一端平齐且整体轴向平行设置，不占用多余空间，使得联合收割机整体结构紧凑。
第一滚筒2a和第二滚筒3a的整体结构相同，区别在于，第二滚筒3a的作物行程末端增设一段排草区D，如图9和图10所示，任一滚筒包括滚筒轴4a、若干幅盘5a和多个脱粒齿杆6a。本实施例中，第一滚筒2a和第二滚筒3a的作业区W内均设置三个幅盘5a，第二滚筒3a的排草区D设置一个幅盘5a，所有幅盘5a通过幅盘5a座均匀间隔固定在对 应的滚筒轴4a上。
任一幅盘5a的外圆周上间隔设置若干个安装部，本实施例中，任一安装部包括限位槽52a和设置在限位槽52a外周侧的若干组调节孔51a，限位槽52a的槽型与脱粒齿杆6a相匹配，适于供脱粒齿杆6a嵌设。连接杆焊接固定在脱粒齿杆6a上，脱粒齿杆6a与幅盘5a之间通过连接板8a可拆卸地连接在一起，连接板8a上开设与任一组调节孔51a相对应的通孔，螺栓穿过对应的调节孔51a和连接板8a上的通孔，将脱粒齿杆6a固定在幅盘5a上，并通过固定在不同的调节孔51a内，实现脱粒齿杆6a上的拨动件的角度调节。
如图9所示，本实施例中，任一幅盘5a上开设八个限位槽52a，其中六个限位槽52a在幅盘5a的圆周上均匀间隔分布，另外两个限位槽52a作为备用槽，对向设置在幅盘5a的外圆周上。本实施例中，脱粒齿杆6a设置六个，分别固定在均匀分布在幅盘5a圆周上的六个限位槽52a内，每个脱粒齿杆6a上间隔设置多个拨动件，本实施例中，拨动件为圆柱形拨动齿7a。相邻脱粒齿杆6a上的拨动齿7a在滚筒的轴向上相互间隔设置，以增强脱粒效果。
作业区W内的所有拨动齿7a的尺寸相同，如图3所示，同一滚筒上的拨动齿7a相对于滚筒轴4a的倾斜角度相同，形成辐射状构造。任一拨动齿7a的端面至滚筒的轴线的距离形成滚筒的旋转半径。滚筒转动时，所有拨动齿7a的端面共同围成圆柱面。本实施例中，如图3所示，第二滚筒3a的圆柱面的最低点距离水平面的高度大于第一滚筒2a的圆柱面的最低点距离水平面的高度。进一步地，第二滚筒3a的旋转半径小于第一滚筒2a的旋转半径，同时第二滚筒3a的滚筒轴4a的高度高于第一滚筒2a的滚筒轴4a的高度，且第二滚筒3a和第一滚筒2a的旋转圆柱面的最高点在同一水平高度上。该结构设计增加了后接触作物的滚筒距离下方水平振动筛的距离，能够使从后接触作物的滚筒中向振动筛下落的杂余得到充分的风吹筛选。
在作物的行进路径上，如图9和图10所示，第一滚筒2a与第二滚筒3a的转接端均分别设置防缠圈9a，即如图7所示，第一滚筒2a固定在右侧机架1的滚筒轴4a的一端设置防缠圈9a，第二滚筒3a固定在右侧机架1的滚筒轴4a的一端设置防缠圈9a，以防止作物秸秆缠绕在滚筒轴4a上阻碍作物输送。
本实施例中双螺旋输送系统的工作过程为：
作物从投料口21b进入第一脱粒空间，受滚筒的拨动件的旋转搅动，作物受离心作用沿着凹板筛和筒盖的内壁面移动，并受筒盖上导向件的导向作用，沿着设定的方向做螺旋运动。从投料口21b沿第一脱粒空间行进至过渡口，经过渡板筛进入第二脱粒空间，经过与第一脱粒空间中方向相反的螺旋导向运动脱粒，进入排草区D。作物在两个脱粒空间中 均螺旋行进脱粒，且沿两个脱粒空间形成的“几”形路径行进，行进距离长，脱粒更充分。
实施例2
本实施例提供一种联合收割机，包括实施例1中的双螺旋输送系统。
显然，上述实施例仅仅是为清楚地说明所作的举例，而并非对实施方式的限定。对于所属领域的普通技术人员来说，在上述说明的基础上还可以做出其它不同形式的变化或变动。这里无需也无法对所有的实施方式予以穷举。而由此所引伸出的显而易见的变化或变动仍处于本申请的保护范围之中。

Claims (13)

  1. 一种双螺旋脱粒输送系统，其特征在于，包括：
    两个凹板筛，在水平方向上平行且间隔设置在机架(1)上；任一所述凹板筛的内筛面呈圆弧状；两个所述凹板筛上位于所述机架(1)同侧的一端沿径向开设过渡口(6b)；两个所述过渡口(6b)正对并相互连通；
    过渡板筛(7b)，铺设在两个所述凹板筛之间并连接两个所述过渡口(6b)；
    其一所述凹板筛上位于所述过渡口(6b)的对向并远离所述过渡口(6b)的另一端开设作物的投料口(21b)；
    两个筒盖，一一对应并扣设在所述凹板筛上，与所述凹板筛之间围成空心圆柱形安装腔；任一所述筒盖朝向所述安装腔的壁面上间隔设置若干导向件；适于引导进入所述安装腔内的作物绕轴线定向移动；两个所述筒盖中的所述导向件的导引方向相反；
    两个滚筒，分别同轴且可转动地设置在所述安装腔内；所述滚筒与对应的所述内筛面以及所述导向件的端面之间分别呈间隙设置；所述滚筒的工作区与对应的所述凹板筛的长度相同；两个所述凹版筛的长度相同。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的双螺旋脱粒输送系统，其特征在于，还包括限位调节结构，可拆卸地设置在两个所述凹板筛的外筛面与所述过渡板筛(7b)之间形成的豁口(10b)处。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的双螺旋脱粒输送系统，其特征在于，所述限位调节结构还包括：
    两个调节件，整体呈圆弧状，并分别固定在所述豁口(10b)两侧的两个所述凹板筛上；所述封板(9b)的两边分别固定在两个所述调节件上。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的双螺旋脱粒输送系统，其特征在于，任一所述调节件包括：
    调节板(91b)，其板面呈与其所固定的所述凹板筛匹配的圆弧状；所述调节板(91b)的板面适于局部封堵所述过渡口(6b)；
    两个安装板(92b)，沿所述调节板(91b)弯曲设置并分别固定在所述调节板(91b)相对的两边；其一所述安装板(92b)适于固定在所述凹板筛上，另一所述安装板(92b)上适于固定连接所述封板(9b)。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的双螺旋脱粒输送系统，其特征在于，所述调节件的横截面呈匚型。
  6. 根据权利要求1-5中任一项所述的双螺旋脱粒输送系统，其特征在于，所述过渡板筛(7b)的筛面与先接触作物的所述凹板筛的内筛面相切设置。
  7. 根据权利要求1-5中任一项所述的双螺旋脱粒输送系统，其特征在于，所述筒盖包 括方形的安装框(22c)以及与安装框(22c)的一侧框边铰接设置的圆弧形的盖体(21c)；所述安装框(22c)适于搭接固定在所述凹板筛的边缘上；
    所述盖体(21c)包括圆弧形的顶盖(211c)和封堵在顶盖(211c)两侧的侧顶板(212c)；所述导向件沿所述顶盖(211c)的内壁面间隔设置，且相邻所述导向件之间形成导引通道。
  8. 根据权利要求1-5中任一项所述的双螺旋脱粒输送系统，其特征在于，任一所述滚筒上沿所述滚筒的轴向间隔设置多个拨动件；所有所述拨动件的尺寸相同；任一所述拨动件的端面至所述滚筒的轴线的距离形成所述滚筒的旋转半径；
    后接触作物的所述滚筒转动形成的圆柱面的最低点距离水平面的高度大于先接触作物的所述滚筒转动形成的圆柱面的最低点距离水平面的高度。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的双螺旋脱粒输送系统，其特征在于，后接触作物的所述滚筒的旋转半径小于先接触作物的所述滚筒的旋转半径。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的双螺旋脱粒输送系统，其特征在于，后接触作物的所述滚筒转动形成的圆柱面的最高点与先接触作物的所述滚筒转动形成的圆柱面的最高点位于同一水平高度。
  11. 根据权利要求8所述的双螺旋脱粒输送系统，其特征在于，任一所述滚筒还包括：
    滚筒轴(4a)；
    若干幅盘(5a)，同轴且间隔设置在所述滚筒轴(4a)上；任一所述幅盘(5a)外圆周上间隔设置若干安装部；
    多个脱粒齿杆(6a)，跨设在所有幅盘(5a)上并固定在所述安装部上；任一所述脱粒齿杆(6a)上间隔设置多个拨动件。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的双螺旋脱粒输送系统，其特征在于，相邻所述脱粒齿杆(6a)上的所述拨动齿(7a)在所述滚筒的轴向上相互间隔设置。
  13. 一种联合收割机，其特征在于，包括权利要求1-12中任一项所述的双螺旋脱粒输送系统。
PCT/CN2021/090158 2020-12-30 2021-04-27 一种双螺旋脱粒输送系统及联合收割机 WO2022142004A1 (zh)

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CN112690111A (zh) * 2020-12-30 2021-04-23 江苏沃得农业机械股份有限公司 一种双螺旋脱粒输送系统及联合收割机
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