WO2022138563A1 - パルプモールド成形品及びその製造方法 - Google Patents
パルプモールド成形品及びその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022138563A1 WO2022138563A1 PCT/JP2021/047034 JP2021047034W WO2022138563A1 WO 2022138563 A1 WO2022138563 A1 WO 2022138563A1 JP 2021047034 W JP2021047034 W JP 2021047034W WO 2022138563 A1 WO2022138563 A1 WO 2022138563A1
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- Prior art keywords
- pulp
- molded product
- mold
- slurry
- layer
- Prior art date
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 70
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 80
- 230000003028 elevating effect Effects 0.000 description 32
- 239000000123 paper Substances 0.000 description 31
- 238000007731 hot pressing Methods 0.000 description 28
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 24
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 17
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 17
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 14
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 13
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 13
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 description 6
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- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002655 kraft paper Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 4
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 241001330002 Bambuseae Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 229920001131 Pulp (paper) Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
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- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000011087 paperboard Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 241000219146 Gossypium Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000000797 Hibiscus cannabinus Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000000111 Saccharum officinarum Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007201 Saccharum officinarum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013361 beverage Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002537 cosmetic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004088 foaming agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011121 hardwood Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000008267 milk Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013336 milk Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- 239000005022 packaging material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229920013716 polyethylene resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D1/00—Containers having bodies formed in one piece, e.g. by casting metallic material, by moulding plastics, by blowing vitreous material, by throwing ceramic material, by moulding pulped fibrous material, by deep-drawing operations performed on sheet material
- B65D1/34—Trays or like shallow containers
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21J—FIBREBOARD; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM CELLULOSIC FIBROUS SUSPENSIONS OR FROM PAPIER-MACHE
- D21J3/00—Manufacture of articles by pressing wet fibre pulp, or papier-mâché, between moulds
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a pulp molded product.
- paper containers are being used instead of plastic containers and metal containers for storing toiletry products, beverages and foods.
- a liquid paper container such as a milk container
- gable top paper container which is made of paperboard coated with polyethylene resin on both sides of the paper and has a gable roof type at the upper part.
- such paper containers also contribute to environmental conservation such as easy recycling and incineration when disposing of them. Therefore, paper containers are widespread in various fields.
- a pulp mold that manufactures a molded product from a slurry containing pulp and water.
- the pulp in the slurry is generally deposited on a mold to form a pulp layer, the pulp layer is dehydrated and then dried in a furnace.
- the molded product obtained by this technique that is, the pulp molded product, is excellent in heat resistance, cold resistance, moisture absorption and desorption, etc., which are the characteristics of the physical properties of the paper-based packaging material, and is a paper tray for food. It has come to be widely used as a fixed cushioning material for containers and fruits (Patent Document 1).
- pulp-molded products have irregularities on the surface with large height differences. Such pulp-molded products are not suitable for containers that require cosmetic appearance, and it is difficult to form a printing layer or a coating layer.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a technique capable of producing a pulp molded product having excellent surface properties.
- a pulp molded product having a region having an arithmetic mean roughness Ra of 50 ⁇ m or less on the surface.
- a slurry containing pulp having an average fiber length of less than 3.0 mm and water is prepared, and the pulp is deposited on a three-dimensional shape molding to form a pulp layer.
- a pulp mold comprising dehydrating the pulp layer to obtain an intermediate molded product, and sandwiching the undried intermediate molded product between a male mold and a female mold and heating while pressurizing.
- a method for manufacturing a molded product is provided.
- arithmetic mean roughness Ra is a surface texture parameter defined by JIS B0601: 2013.
- the “average fiber length” is defined by JIS P8226-2: 2011, and is a length-weighted average fiber length LL measured by an optical automatic analysis method.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically showing an example of a manufacturing apparatus that can be used for manufacturing a pulp molded product according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a pulp layer forming step in pulp molding using the apparatus of FIG. 1.
- FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing an example of a pulp layer formed on a paper mold.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a dehydration step in pulp molding using the apparatus of FIG. 1.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a process of transporting a pulp layer in pulp molding using the apparatus of FIG. 1.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a hot pressing process in pulp molding using the apparatus of FIG. 1.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically showing an example of a manufacturing apparatus that can be used for manufacturing a pulp molded product according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a pulp layer forming step in pulp molding using the apparatus of FIG. 1.
- FIG. 3 is a cross-section
- FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing an example of a pulp molded product obtained by a hot pressing process.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a transfer process of a pulp molded product in pulp molding using the apparatus of FIG. 1.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a state in which the transfer process of FIG. 8 is completed.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically showing an example of a manufacturing apparatus that can be used for manufacturing a pulp molded product according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the manufacturing apparatus 1 shown in FIG. 1 includes a support 10, a first station 20, a second station 30, and a third station 40.
- the support 10 includes a frame body and a rail installed on the frame body.
- the first station includes a container 210, an elevating device 220, a cover body 230, an abstract 240, a moving device 250, an elevating device 260, and an upper die 270.
- the container 210 is installed inside the frame of the support 10.
- the container 210 is open at the top.
- the container 210 contains the slurry S containing pulp and water.
- the elevating device 220 is attached to the frame of the support 10 above the container 210.
- the elevating device 220 includes, for example, a hydraulic cylinder.
- the elevating device 220 supports the cover body 230.
- the elevating device 220 can elevate the cover body 230 at the position of the opening of the container 210.
- the cover body 230 is a hollow body having an opening at the top.
- a pump (not shown) is connected to the cover body 230.
- the abstract 240 is fixed to the opening of the cover 230. Specifically, the abstract 240 is fixed to the opening of the cover 230 so that the space adjacent to one of the surfaces is surrounded by the abstract 240 and the cover 230.
- Extract type 240 is a type having liquid permeability.
- the abstract 240 has a three-dimensional shape. That is, the abstract 240 has one or more convex portions and / or one or more concave portions on the surface on which the pulp is deposited. Specifically, the outer surface of the draft 240, that is, the back surface of the surface adjacent to the space, has a shape corresponding to the pulp molded product.
- the abstract 240 is a male type with a protruding upper surface.
- the papermaking 240 is provided, for example, on a papermaking body having a large number of through holes and an outer surface having a shape corresponding to a pulp molded product, and on the outer surface of the papermaking body along the outer surface. Includes the reticular formation.
- the main body of the abstract is made of a hard material such as metal.
- the moving device 250 can move between the first station 20 and the second station 30 along the rail of the support 10.
- the moving device 250 includes, for example, a motor as a power source.
- the moving device 250 is equipped with an elevating device 260, which can be transferred between the first station 20 and the second station 30.
- the elevating device 260 is attached to the moving device 250 as described above.
- the elevating device 260 includes, for example, a hydraulic cylinder.
- the elevating device 260 supports the upper die 270.
- the elevating device 260 can elevate the upper die 270.
- the upper mold 270 is a holder in which a pulp layer described later is sandwiched between the paper mold 240 and the pulp layer and the pulp layer is held by a vacuum adsorption type.
- the upper mold 270 is made of a hard material such as metal.
- the lower surface of the upper mold 270 has a shape corresponding to the outer surface of the abstract 240.
- the upper mold 270 is a female mold having a concave lower surface.
- the upper die 270 has, for example, a large number of through holes having one end open on the lower surface and the other end connected to the pump.
- the second station 30 is provided in the vicinity of the first station 20.
- the second station 30 includes a table 310, a lower die 320, a moving device 330, a press device 340, and an upper die 350.
- the platform 310 is installed inside the frame of the support 10.
- a lower mold 320 is installed on the table 310.
- the lower mold 320 is a mold having gas and / or liquid permeability.
- the lower mold 320 is made of a hard material such as metal.
- the lower mold 320 has a shape whose upper surface corresponds to the outer surface of the paper mold 240.
- the lower mold 320 is a male mold with a protruding upper surface.
- the lower mold 320 has, for example, a large number of through holes, and the surface having a shape corresponding to the outer surface of the abstract 240 is smooth.
- the moving device 330 can move between the second station 30 and the fourth station (not shown) along the rail of the support 10.
- the mobile device 330 includes, for example, a motor as a power source.
- the locking mechanism may restrict the movement in the up-down, left-right, and front-back directions.
- the moving device 330 is equipped with a pressing device 340, which can be transferred between the second station 30 and the fourth station.
- the press device 340 is attached to the moving device 330 as described above.
- the press device 340 includes, for example, a hydraulic cylinder.
- the press device 340 supports the upper die 350.
- the press device 340 can raise and lower the upper die 350.
- the upper mold 350 is a mold that does not have gas permeability and liquid permeability.
- the upper mold 350 is made of a hard material such as metal.
- the lower surface of the upper mold 350 has a shape corresponding to the outer surface of the paper mold 240.
- the upper mold 350 is a female mold having a concave lower surface.
- the upper mold 350 has a smooth surface having a shape corresponding to the outer surface of the paper mold 240.
- the second station 30 further includes a heater and a pump (neither is shown).
- the heater heats at least one of the lower mold 320 and the upper mold 350.
- the pump is connected to the lower space of the lower mold 320.
- the third station 40 is provided in the vicinity of the second station 30.
- the third station 40 includes a table 410, a moving device 420, an elevating device 430, and a holder 440.
- the stand 410 is installed inside the frame of the support 10.
- a pulp molded product is arranged on the table 410.
- the moving device 420 can move between the second station 30 and the third station 40 along the rail of the support 10.
- the mobile device 420 includes, for example, a motor as a power source.
- the moving device 420 is equipped with an elevating device 430, which can be transferred between the second station 30 and the third station 40.
- the elevating device 430 is attached to the moving device 420 as described above.
- the elevating device 430 includes, for example, a hydraulic cylinder.
- the elevating device 430 supports the holder 440.
- the elevating device 430 can elevate and elevate the holder 440.
- the holder 440 is a holder that holds a pulp-molded product, which will be described later, by a vacuum suction type.
- the lower surface of the holder 440 has a shape corresponding to the outer surface of the abstract 240.
- the holder 440 has a shape in which the lower surface is recessed.
- the holder 440 has, for example, a large number of through holes at one end open on the underside and the other end connected to the pump.
- a pulp molded product is manufactured using the above-mentioned manufacturing apparatus 1. This will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 9.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a pulp layer forming step in pulp molding using the apparatus of FIG. 1.
- FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing an example of a pulp layer formed on a paper mold.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a dehydration step in pulp molding using the apparatus of FIG. 1.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a process of transporting a pulp layer in pulp molding using the apparatus of FIG. 1.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a hot pressing process in pulp molding using the apparatus of FIG. 1.
- FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing an example of a pulp molded product obtained by a hot pressing process.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a transfer process of a pulp molded product in pulp molding using the apparatus of FIG. 1.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a state in which the transfer process of FIG. 8 is completed.
- the slurry S is prepared.
- the slurry S contains pulp and water.
- Slurry S is a suspension in which pulp is dispersed in water and has a high viscosity.
- pulp there are no particular restrictions on the type of pulp used in the slurry S.
- the pulp it is preferable to use chemical pulp.
- the pulp include coniferous bleached kraft pulp (NBKP) or unbleached kraft pulp (NUKP) and broadleaf bleached kraft pulp (LBKP) or unbleached kraft pulp (LUKP), which are usually used as raw material pulp in papermaking.
- Wood pulp such as, and non-wood pulp such as straw, cotton, kenaf, bamboo and sugar cane can be used alone or in admixture of two or more at any ratio.
- Pulp has an average fiber length of less than 3.0 mm.
- the average fiber length is preferably 1.7 mm or less.
- the pulp tends to agglomerate in the slurry.
- the pulp layer is dried in the hot pressing process while maintaining the unevenness derived from the agglomeration on the surface. Therefore, a pulp molded product obtained by using a pulp having a long average fiber length cannot have a region having a small arithmetic mean roughness Ra on the surface.
- the pulp molded product obtained by using pulp having a short average fiber length and sequentially carrying out the steps described later may have a region having a small arithmetic mean roughness Ra on the surface.
- the average fiber length of pulp is preferably 0.5 mm or more, more preferably 0.7 mm or more.
- a hot pressing process is performed on the undried pulp layer. That is, the heat pressing step is carried out on the pulp layer having a large water content. Therefore, if the average fiber length of the pulp is too short, the water evaporation rate tends to be uneven in the hot pressing process, and uneven shrinkage occurs during drying, which may cause wrinkles, cracks, or a decrease in strength. ..
- the average fiber length of pulp can be adjusted by any method, for example, by mechanical treatment such as beating or crushing.
- the pulp content of the slurry S is preferably in the range of 0.01 to 3.0% by mass, more preferably in the range of 0.01 to 0.5% by mass. When the pulp content is low, it is difficult to achieve high productivity. If the pulp content is high, the variation in the thickness of the pulp layer may be large.
- Slurry S can further contain additives.
- additives an organic polymer, inorganic particles, or a combination thereof can be used.
- the ratio of the additive to the total of the pulp and the additive is preferably 10% by mass or less, and more preferably 5% by mass or less. That is, the ratio of pulp to the total solid content contained in the slurry S is preferably 90% by mass or more, and more preferably 95% by mass or more.
- the slurry S is supplied into the container 210.
- the cover body 230 is lowered by the elevating device 220 to position the upper surface of the papermaking 240 sufficiently below the liquid level of the slurry S.
- the pump is driven to reduce the pressure in the space surrounded by the cover body 230 and the draft 240. This creates a flow of slurry S across the paper mold 240 and deposits pulp on the paper mold 240.
- the pulp layer MP1 is formed on the abstract 240.
- the cover body 230 is raised by the elevating device 220 so that the lower portion of the draft 240 is sufficiently above the liquid level of the slurry S.
- the pulp layer MP1 is dehydrated under reduced pressure.
- the elevating device 260 is driven to lower the upper die 270 until the lower surface thereof contacts the pulp layer MP1.
- the pulp layer MP1 is not drawn in FIG. This dehydration step is performed without heating either the upper mold 270 or the abstract mold 240.
- the depressurization time in the dehydration step is preferably in the range of 1 to 60 seconds, and more preferably in the range of 1 to 10 seconds.
- the water content of the pulp layer MP1 immediately after dehydration is preferably in the range of 40 to 90% by mass, and more preferably in the range of 50 to 70% by mass. If the water content is low, the in-plane in-plane movement of the fibers in the pulp layer may be inadequate in the hot pressing process. If the water content is high, the fibers move in the in-plane direction in the pulp layer excessively in the hot pressing process, or within the period from the end of the dehydration process to the start of the hot pressing process. In, the shape retention of the pulp layer MP1 may be insufficient.
- the pump After stopping the depressurization of the space and the pressurization, the pump is driven to adsorb and hold the pulp layer MP1 on the upper mold 270. The suction by the pump and the upper die 270 does not cause further dehydration of the pulp layer MP1.
- the elevating device 260 is driven in a state where the pulp layer MP1 is adsorbed and held on the upper mold 270 to raise the upper mold 270 as shown in FIG. As a result, the pulp layer MP1 is peeled off from the paper mold 240.
- the moving devices 250 and 330 are driven to move the press device 340 and the upper die 350 from the second station 30 to the fourth station, and the elevating device 260 and the upper die 270 are moved as shown in FIG. Move from 1 station 20 to 2nd station 30.
- the elevating device 260 is driven to lower the upper die 270 until the pulp layer MP1 comes into contact with the lower die 320.
- the suction by the pump and the upper mold 270 is stopped, and the pulp layer MP1 is released from the upper mold 270.
- the elevating device 260 is driven to raise the upper die 270. In this way, the pulp layer MP1 is transferred from the first station 20 to the second station 30, and the pulp layer MP1 is placed on the lower mold 320.
- the moving devices 250 and 330 are driven to move the elevating device 260 and the upper die 270 from the second station 30 to the first station 20, and the press device 340 and the upper die 350 are moved. Move from the 4th station to the 2nd station 30.
- the press device 340 is driven to lower the upper die 350 as shown in FIG.
- the pulp layer MP1 sandwiched between the upper mold 350 and the lower mold 320 is pressed.
- the heater is driven to heat the pulp layer MP1.
- the pump is driven to suck and remove water and / or water vapor from the space sandwiched between the upper mold 350 and the lower mold 320.
- the surface shape of the pulp layer MP1 is adjusted, and the pulp layer MP1 is densified and dried.
- the pulp molded product MP2 shown in FIG. 7 is obtained.
- the water content of the pulp layer MP1 immediately before the start of this hot pressing step is substantially equal to the water content of the pulp layer MP1 immediately after the completion of the dehydration step.
- the pressing pressure is preferably 0.1 MPa or more, more preferably 0.3 MPa or more. If the press pressure is low, it may not be possible to obtain a pulp-molded product MP2 having a region having a small arithmetic mean roughness Ra on the surface.
- the press pressure is preferably 1.5 MPa or less, more preferably 1.0 MPa or less. If the press pressure is excessively high, the thickness of the pulp molded product MP2 tends to vary.
- the heating temperature of the pulp layer MP1 that is, the temperature of the upper mold 350 or the lower mold 320 heated by the heater is preferably in the range of 120 to 250 ° C, and is in the range of 150 to 210 ° C. It is more preferable to be in.
- the heating temperature is low, it takes a long time to dry the pulp layer MP1.
- the heating temperature is increased, the shrinkage of the pulp layer MP1 due to drying becomes larger, and as a result, the strain in the pulp molded product MP2 may become larger.
- heating by the heater may be performed only on one of the upper mold 350 and the lower mold 320, or may be performed on both.
- heating by the heater is performed only on one of the upper mold 350 and the lower mold 320, their temperatures become almost equal due to heat conduction from one to the other. Therefore, in any case, the drying of the pulp layer MP1 proceeds almost simultaneously over its entire thickness. Therefore, the pulp molded product MP2 does not have distortion due to the difference in drying speed.
- the pressing time in the hot pressing step is preferably in the range of 10 to 300 seconds, more preferably in the range of 20 to 200 seconds, although it depends on the heating temperature, the shape of the molded product, and the like.
- the moving devices 330 and 420 are driven to move the press device 340 and the upper die 350 from the second station 30 to the fourth station, and the elevating device 430 and the holder 440 are moved as shown in FIG. 3 Move from station 40 to second station 30.
- the elevating device 430 is driven to lower the holder 440 until the holder 440 comes into contact with the pulp molded product MP2.
- the pump is driven to adsorb and hold the pulp molded product MP2 on the holder 440.
- the elevating device 430 is driven in a state where the pulp molded product MP2 is adsorbed and held by the holder 440 to raise the holder 440.
- the moving devices 330 and 420 are driven to move the elevating device 430 and the holder 440 from the second station 30 to the third station 40, and the press device 340 and the upper die 350 are moved. Move from the 4th station to the 2nd station 30.
- the suction by the pump and the holder 440 is stopped, and the pulp molded product MP2 is released from the holder 440.
- the pulp molded product MP2 is transferred from the second station 30 to the third station 40, and the pulp molded product MP2 is placed on the table 410.
- the pulp molded product MP2 is manufactured.
- the pulp molded product MP2 is subjected to post-treatment, for example, printing such as pattern printing and plain printing, coating, or a combination thereof.
- the coating layer formed by the post-treatment may be, for example, a layer containing a chemical that imparts water resistance or oil resistance, a layer filled with a material that imparts heat insulating properties, a layer foamed by a foaming agent, or a combination thereof. be.
- the pulp molded product MP2 obtained by the above method has excellent surface properties. The reason for this will be described below.
- the pulp layer When drying using an oven instead of the hot pressing process, the pulp layer has irregularities with a large height difference due to its shrinkage. Also, in such a method, the pulp layer is not sufficiently densified and therefore the pulp molded article has high porosity. Therefore, in this case, it is not possible to produce a pulp-molded product having excellent surface properties.
- the height difference of the unevenness generated on the surface due to the drying is thereafter. It can be made smaller by humidification and hot pressing.
- the porosity can be reduced by humidification and hot pressing.
- the height difference of the unevenness generated on the surface due to drying using an oven is very large, it cannot be sufficiently reduced by the subsequent humidification and heat pressing treatment. Further, even if humidification and hot pressing are performed after drying, it is difficult to sufficiently reduce the porosity.
- the pulp layer MP1 is dried in the hot pressing step. That is, in the above method, after the dehydration step, the hot pressing step is carried out without going through the drying step. Then, as the pulp, a pulp having an average fiber length within the above-mentioned range is used.
- the drying process is not performed before the hot pressing process, the surface of the pulp layer MP1 does not have large irregularities due to the height difference.
- the upper mold 350 and the lower mold 320 prevent the pulp layer MP1 from being deformed due to drying. Further, since the hot pressing step is performed on the pulp layer MP1 having a high water content and the average fiber length of the pulp within the above-mentioned range, the movement of the fibers in the pulp layer MP1 in the in-plane direction is appropriate. Can occur in.
- the pulp layer MP1 can be densified without causing variation in thickness.
- a pulp-molded product MP2 having excellent surface properties Specifically, a pulp-molded product MP2 having a region having an arithmetic mean roughness Ra of 50 ⁇ m or less on the surface can be obtained. Such a pulp-molded product MP2 is excellent in cosmeticity, and it is easy to form a printing layer and a coating layer.
- the arithmetic mean roughness Ra is preferably 40 ⁇ m or less. Further, although there is no lower limit value for this arithmetic mean roughness Ra, it is usually 20 ⁇ m or more.
- the entire surface of the pulp molded product MP2 may have the above-mentioned surface texture, or only a part of the surface may have the above-mentioned surface texture.
- only the region including the portion to be post-processed such as printing may have the above-mentioned surface texture, and the other regions may not have the above-mentioned surface texture.
- one surface of the pulp molded product MP2 may have the above-mentioned surface texture, and the back surface thereof may not have the above-mentioned surface texture.
- Such a structure can be realized, for example, by differentiating the surface texture between a part of the surface of the upper mold 350 and the lower mold 320 in contact with the pulp layer MP1 and another region.
- the standard deviation of the basis weight of the pulp molded product MP2 is preferably less than 30 g / m 2 , more preferably 25 g / m 2 or less, and further preferably 20 g / m 2 or less.
- the lower limit of this standard deviation is zero, 5 g / m 2 according to one example, 8 g / m 2 according to another example, and 10 g / m 2 according to another example.
- the standard deviation of the basis weight of the pulp molded product MP2 is a value obtained by the following method.
- test pieces each having a strip shape having a width of 15 mm and a length of 40 mm are cut out from a plurality of regions of the pulp molded product MP2 located in a certain plane.
- mass of these test pieces is measured.
- basis weight is calculated from the mass and the area (600 mm 2 ). From the basis weight obtained in this way, the standard deviation is calculated.
- test pieces are cut out from a plurality of regions of the pulp molded product MP2 located in different planes in the same manner as above.
- the mass is measured and the basis weight and its standard deviation are calculated.
- pulp-molded MP2 has yet another surface, cut out the test piece, measure the mass, and calculate the basis weight and its standard deviation for each of the remaining surfaces in the same manner as above. conduct. Then, the maximum value of these standard deviations is taken as the standard deviation of the basis weight of the pulp molded product MP2.
- the present inventors can produce a pulp molded product MP2 having a small standard deviation of basis weight. , I think it is due to the following reasons.
- the pulp molded product can also be manufactured, for example, by the method described below (hereinafter referred to as a second method).
- a female mold is prepared as an abstract mold.
- This paper-making mold has a large number of through-holes and a paper-making body whose upper surface is recessed in a shape corresponding to a pulp-molded product, and a net body provided along the inner surface of the paper-making body. And include.
- a slurry containing pulp and water is supplied into the cavity of the paper mold, and the inside of the paper mold is filled with the slurry. Further, the supply of the slurry into the mold is continued to deposit pulp on the formation. The slurry is supplied into the paper mold so that the slurry in the paper mold is in a pressurized state.
- the supply of slurry into the draft was stopped. Subsequently, the water remaining in the paper mold is discharged from the paper mold. For example, air is press-fitted into the die and the water remaining in the die is discharged from the die.
- the pulp layer is dehydrated by pressing the pulp layer with the abstract mold and the male mold. This dehydration step is performed without heating either the upper mold or the abstract mold.
- the water content of the pulp layer immediately after dehydration is the same as the water content of the pulp layer MP1 immediately after dehydration in the first method.
- the pulp layer is adsorbed and held on the upper mold, and the upper mold is raised in this state. As a result, the pulp layer is peeled off from the die.
- a pulp layer is sandwiched between the upper and lower molds for hot pressing, and the pulp layer between them is pressed.
- the heater is driven to heat the pulp layer.
- the pump is driven to suck and remove water and / or water vapor from the space sandwiched between the upper mold and the lower mold.
- a pulp molded product is obtained as described above.
- a flow of slurry circulating in the die can be generated in the period from the start of supplying the slurry into the die until the inside of the die is completely filled with the slurry.
- This circulating flow can prevent pulp from settling.
- the second method since it is necessary to fill the inside of the paper with slurry, it is not possible to adopt a structure in which water is quickly discharged. Therefore, after the inside of the die is completely filled with the slurry, even if the pressure of the slurry is increased, the circulating flow of the slurry that can prevent the settling of the pulp does not occur, and the settling of the pulp in the slurry in the die. Produces.
- the amount of pulp deposited on the side wall of the draft is larger in the lower part than in the upper part. Then, when the slurry is supplied until a sufficient amount of pulp is deposited above the side wall portion of the paper mold, an excessive amount of pulp is deposited on the bottom of the paper mold. If the pulp is excessively deposited, the amount of pulp deposited will vary widely. For example, there can be a large difference in the amount of pulp deposited in the vicinity of the through holes provided in the main body of the paper and at a position away from them.
- the second method causes a large variation in the amount of pulp deposited.
- the fibers may move in-plane within the pulp layer, but the movement of each fiber is limited to a narrow range. That is, the variation in the amount of pulp deposited is not eliminated by the movement of fibers during the hot pressing process. Therefore, according to the second method, it is not possible to manufacture a pulp molded product having a small standard deviation of basis weight.
- the abstract 240 is installed on the upper part of the cover body 230, and the complex thereof is immersed in the slurry S.
- the depth of the slurry S is much larger than the height of the draft 240. Therefore, even if the pulp is settled in the slurry S, the pulp concentration does not differ greatly between the position of the upper part of the abstract 240 and the position of the lower part of the abstract 240. Therefore, according to the first method, pulp can be deposited substantially uniformly on the paper mold 240, and a pulp molded product MP2 having a small standard deviation of basis weight can be manufactured.
- the pulp molded product MP2 has an opening and does not expand in diameter in the direction away from this opening.
- the pulp molded product MP2 has an opening and is tapered in a direction away from the opening. According to such a shape, the volume of the laminate formed by stacking a plurality of pulp molded products MP2 can be reduced.
- the pulp layer MP1 is sandwiched between one of the upper mold 350 and the lower mold 320 and the elastic body, and this is added. When pressed, the elastic body is deformed. Therefore, sufficient pressure is not applied to the pulp layer MP1, and a pulp molded product having excellent surface properties cannot be obtained.
- the pulp molded product MP2 is, for example, a container.
- the pulp molded product MP2 may be an article other than the container.
- the pulp molded product MP2 may be a three-dimensional molded product, that is, a molded product having a three-dimensional shape, not a one having a two-dimensional shape like a sheet.
- FIGS. 1 to 9 are for facilitating the understanding of the manufacturing method of the pulp molded product according to the embodiment of the present invention.
- the method described above can also be carried out using a manufacturing apparatus having another structure.
- the manufacturing apparatus 1 the upper mold 270 and the upper mold 350 are female molds, and the abstract mold 240 and the lower mold 320 are male molds.
- the upper mold 270 and the upper mold 350 may be a male type, and the abstract mold 240 and the lower mold 320 may be a female type.
- the manufacturing apparatus 1 and the manufacturing method can be variously modified.
- Example 1 Manufacture of pulp molded products (Example 1) A slurry consisting of pulp and water was prepared using pulper. As the pulp, softwood pulp having an average fiber length of 2.3 mm was used. The pulp content of the slurry was 0.3% by mass. Using this slurry, a pulp molded product was produced by the first method described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 9. Here, the dehydration step was performed so that the water content of the pulp layer immediately after dehydration was 65% by mass. The heat pressing step was performed with a heating temperature of 150 ° C., a pressing pressure of 0.5 MPa, and a pressing time of 180 seconds. As described above, the container was manufactured as a pulp molded product.
- Example 2 A pulp molded product was produced by the same method as in Example 1 except that bamboo pulp having an average fiber length of 1.6 mm was used instead of softwood pulp having an average fiber length of 2.3 mm.
- Example 3 A pulp molded product was produced by the same method as in Example 1 except that hardwood pulp having an average fiber length of 0.9 mm was used instead of softwood pulp having an average fiber length of 2.3 mm.
- Example 4 Coniferous pulp with an average fiber length of 2.3 mm was beaten to a Canadian standard freeness of 400 mL CSF (Canadian Standard Freeness) to obtain pulp with an average fiber length of 1.8 mm.
- a pulp molded product was produced by the same method as in Example 1 except that the above-mentioned pulp having an average fiber length of 1.8 mm was used instead of the softwood pulp having an average fiber length of 2.3 mm.
- Example 5 A slurry consisting of pulp and water was prepared using pulper.
- pulper bamboo pulp having an average fiber length of 1.6 mm was used.
- the pulp content of the slurry was 0.3% by mass.
- a pulp molded product was produced by the above-mentioned second method.
- the dehydration step was performed so that the water content of the pulp layer immediately after dehydration was 65% by mass.
- the heat pressing step was performed with a heating temperature of 150 ° C., a pressing pressure of 0.5 MPa, and a pressing time of 180 seconds.
- the container was manufactured as a pulp molded product.
- Example 1 A pulp molded product was produced by the same method as in Example 1 except that softwood pulp having an average fiber length of 3.0 mm was used instead of softwood pulp having an average fiber length of 2.3 mm.
- Comparative Example 2 A pulp-molded product was produced by the same method as in Example 1 except that the press pressure was set to 0 MPa instead of 0.5 MPa.
- the arithmetic mean roughness Ra could be reduced by pressing the pulp layer during drying. Further, as is clear from the comparison between Examples 1 to 5 and Comparative Example 1, when the average fiber length was shortened, the arithmetic mean roughness Ra became smaller. When pulp having an average fiber length of less than 3.0 ⁇ m was used in the first method, the pattern was not chipped, and practically sufficient printability could be achieved. In particular, when pulp having an average fiber length of 1.7 ⁇ m or less was used in the first method, neither chipping nor rubbing occurred in the pattern, and extremely excellent printability could be achieved. Further, as is clear from the comparison between Example 1 and Example 5, according to the first method, the standard deviation of the basis weight could be reduced as compared with the second method.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Paper (AREA)
- Containers Having Bodies Formed In One Piece (AREA)
Abstract
Description
スラリーSは、上記の通り、パルプと水とを含んでいる。スラリーSは、パルプが水に分散され、高い粘度を有する懸濁液である。
以上のようにして、パルプモールド成形品MP2を製造する。
そして、これら標準偏差の最大値を、パルプモールド成形品MP2の坪量の標準偏差とする。
(例1)
パルパーを用いて、パルプと水とからなるスラリーを調製した。パルプとしては、平均繊維長が2.3mmの針葉樹パルプを使用した。スラリーのパルプ含有量は0.3質量%とした。
このスラリーを使用して、図1乃至図9を参照しながら説明した第1方法により、パルプモールド成形品を製造した。ここでは、脱水工程は、脱水直後のパルプ層の水分含有量が65質量%となるように行った。熱プレス工程は、加熱温度を150℃、プレス圧を0.5MPa、プレス時間を180秒として行った。
以上のようにして、パルプモールド成形品として容器を製造した。
平均繊維長が2.3mmの針葉樹パルプの代わりに、平均繊維長が1.6mmのタケパルプを用いたこと以外は例1と同様の方法により、パルプモールド成形品を製造した。
平均繊維長が2.3mmの針葉樹パルプの代わりに、平均繊維長が0.9mmの広葉樹パルプを用いたこと以外は例1と同様の方法により、パルプモールド成形品を製造した。
平均繊維長が2.3mmの針葉樹パルプを、カナダ標準ろ水度が400mLCSF(Canadian Standard Freeness)になるまで叩解して、平均繊維長が1.8mmのパルプを得た。平均繊維長が2.3mmの針葉樹パルプの代わりに、平均繊維長が1.8mmの上記パルプを用いたこと以外は例1と同様の方法により、パルプモールド成形品を製造した。
パルパーを用いて、パルプと水とからなるスラリーを調製した。パルプとしては、平均繊維長が1.6mmのタケパルプを使用した。スラリーのパルプ含有量は0.3質量%とした。
このスラリーを使用して、上述した第2方法により、パルプモールド成形品を製造した。ここでは、脱水工程は、脱水直後のパルプ層の水分含有量が65質量%となるように行った。熱プレス工程は、加熱温度を150℃、プレス圧を0.5MPa、プレス時間を180秒として行った。
以上のようにして、パルプモールド成形品として容器を製造した。
平均繊維長が2.3mmの針葉樹パルプの代わりに、平均繊維長が3.0mmの針葉樹パルプを用いたこと以外は例1と同様の方法により、パルプモールド成形品を製造した。
プレス圧を0.5MPaとする代わりに、0MPaとしたこと以外は例1と同様の方法により、パルプモールド成形品を製造した。
例1乃至5並びに比較例1及び2において製造したパルプモールド成形品の各々から、幅が2cmであり、長さが5cmである短冊状の試験片を切り出した。
そして、各試験片について、パルプモールド成形品の外面に対応する表面に対してレーザー変位計を用いた測定を行い、その表面の断面曲線を取得した。この測定は、試験片の幅を二分割する中心線に沿って行った。そして、各断面曲線から、算術平均粗さRaを算出した。以下の表に、結果を記載する。
例1乃至5並びに比較例1及び2において製造したパルプモールド成形品の各々の外面に、シルクスクリーン印刷法により絵柄を印刷した。印刷した絵柄を目視で観察して、絵柄の欠けの有無及び絵柄の擦れの有無を確認した。そして、絵柄に欠け及び擦れの何れも生じなかった場合を「A+」、絵柄に欠けは生じなかったが擦れを生じた場合を「A」、絵柄に欠けを生じた場合を「B」と評価した。以下の表に、結果を記載する。
例1乃至5並びに比較例1及び2において製造したパルプモールド成形品の各々について、上述した方法により、坪量の標準偏差を測定した。以下の表に、結果を記載する。
Claims (9)
- 算術平均粗さRaが50μm以下である領域を表面に有するパルプモールド成形品。
- パルプの平均繊維長が3.0mm未満である請求項1に記載のパルプモールド成形品。
- 前記平均繊維長は0.5mm以上である請求項2に記載のパルプモールド成形品。
- 坪量の標準偏差が30g/m2未満である請求項1乃至3の何れか1項に記載のパルプモールド成形品。
- 開口部を有し、前記開口部から離れる方向へ先細りしている請求項1乃至4の何れか1項に記載のパルプモールド成形品。
- 容器である請求項1乃至5の何れか1項に記載のパルプモールド成形品。
- 平均繊維長が3.0mm未満のパルプと水とを含んだスラリーを準備することと、
立体形状を有する抄型上に前記パルプを堆積させてパルプ層を形成することと、
前記パルプ層を脱水して中間成形品を得ることと、
未乾燥の前記中間成形品を雄型と雌型との間に挟んで加圧しながら加熱することと
を含んだパルプモールド成形品の製造方法。 - 前記抄型上への前記パルプの堆積は、
開口部を有する中空体としてのカバー体を準備することと、
前記開口部に前記抄型を固定することと、
前記開口部に固定された前記抄型を前記スラリー中に浸漬させることと、
前記カバー体と前記スラリー中に浸漬させている前記抄型とによって囲まれた空間を減圧することと
を含んだ請求項7に記載のパルプモールド成形品の製造方法。 - 前記抄型が前記カバー体の上方に位置するように前記抄型を前記スラリー中へ浸漬させる請求項8に記載のパルプモールド成形品の製造方法。
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- 2021-12-20 WO PCT/JP2021/047034 patent/WO2022138563A1/ja active Application Filing
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