WO2022133907A1 - 天线的馈电结构、天线及通讯系统 - Google Patents

天线的馈电结构、天线及通讯系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022133907A1
WO2022133907A1 PCT/CN2020/139035 CN2020139035W WO2022133907A1 WO 2022133907 A1 WO2022133907 A1 WO 2022133907A1 CN 2020139035 W CN2020139035 W CN 2020139035W WO 2022133907 A1 WO2022133907 A1 WO 2022133907A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
cavity
elastic bending
signal line
main body
opening
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2020/139035
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
卢俊锋
金莉
张李弯
王双飞
Original Assignee
华为技术有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 华为技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为技术有限公司
Priority to PCT/CN2020/139035 priority Critical patent/WO2022133907A1/zh
Priority to EP20966479.6A priority patent/EP4246725A4/en
Priority to CN202080106453.6A priority patent/CN116368690A/zh
Publication of WO2022133907A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022133907A1/zh
Priority to US18/339,863 priority patent/US20230352848A1/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P5/00—Coupling devices of the waveguide type
    • H01P5/12—Coupling devices having more than two ports
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/0006—Particular feeding systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H01Q1/24—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
    • H01Q21/08—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart the units being spaced along or adjacent to a rectilinear path

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of antenna technology, and in particular, to an antenna feeding structure, an antenna and a communication system.
  • the communication system requires not only efficient, fast, and large-capacity communication, but also highly integrated, miniaturized, and lightweight. Antennas play an important role in communication systems.
  • the integration of the feeder network inside the base station antenna becomes higher and higher, the requirements for electrical connections between its internal modules are also getting higher and higher; in some scenarios, it is necessary to implement different Electrical connection between modules in a plane or in different cavities.
  • the common signal transfer solutions in the industry include: two or three cavities are placed horizontally, and RF transmission lines are placed in each cavity, and RF transmission lines are placed in different cavities. The transmission lines are in the same plane.
  • a jumper or a horizontal strip line is used to electrically connect the RF transmission lines in different cavities together.
  • This signal transfer scheme is not suitable for electrical connection on the vertical plane, and the cavity needs to be set. It is large, which is not conducive to the miniaturization and weight reduction of the antenna.
  • the present application provides a feed structure for an antenna that can save space and reduce mass.
  • the present application provides an antenna feeding structure, comprising a first cavity, a second cavity, a first signal line and a second signal line, the first signal line is located in the first cavity,
  • the first signal line includes a first main body part and a first elastic bending part located at one end of the first main body part, the first main body part extends along a first direction, and the extension of the first elastic bending part The direction intersects the first direction, and the first elastic bending portion can be deformed toward the extending direction of the first main body portion;
  • the second signal line is located in the second cavity, and the first cavity
  • the length of the upper part is greater than the length of the first cavity in the second direction, the second direction intersects with the first direction, and the end of the first elastic bending part away from the first main body part passes through The first opening is connected to the second signal line.
  • the first signal line and the second signal line are used for transmitting signals.
  • the extension direction of the first elastic bending portion intersects with the first direction, which means that the first elastic bending portion is bent toward one side compared with the first main body portion.
  • the first body portion is bent toward the second cavity.
  • the extension direction of the first elastic bending part is perpendicular to the extension direction of the first main body part.
  • the extension direction of the first elastic bending part and the extension direction of the first main body part are The angle is between 60° and 90°.
  • the included angle between the extending direction of the first elastic bending portion and the extending direction of the first main body portion is between 30° and 60°.
  • the length of the first elastic bending portion in the second direction is greater than the length of the first cavity in the second direction, so that when the first signal line is put into the first cavity from one end of the first cavity, the first The elastic bending portion is deformed toward the extension direction of the first main body portion, that is to say, the first elastic bending portion is squeezed into the first cavity in a compressed state, and then continues to advance toward the first cavity until the first The elastic bending part reaches the position of the first opening, the first elastic bending part returns to its original shape, and is not in a compressed state at this time, and the end of the first elastic bending part away from the first main body part passes through the first opening and the first elastic bending part passes through the first opening. in the two chambers.
  • the length of the first elastic bending portion in the second direction is greater than the length of the first cavity in the second direction, that is to say, the length of the first cavity in the second direction can be set to be smaller , thereby saving space and reducing weight.
  • a deformable first elastic bending part is provided at one end of the first signal line, and when it extends into the first cavity in a compressed state, the first cavity can
  • the length in the second direction is set to be smaller, thereby saving space and weight of the feeding structure;
  • the elastic bending part when the first elastic bending part is pushed into the first opening, the deformed first
  • the elastic bending part when the elastic bending part is pushed to the position of the first opening hole, the elastic bending part will be pushed into the first opening hole, so as to facilitate the installation and connection of the first elastic bending part and the second signal line.
  • the first main body portion and the first elastic bending portion are integrally formed.
  • the first elastic bending portion can extend into the second cavity through the first opening to be connected to the second signal line, and only one end of the first elastic bending portion away from the first main body portion needs to be welded to the second signal line, and also That is to say, there is only one welding point, which improves the signal transmission characteristics and structural strength.
  • the first elastic bending portion includes a first bending sub-section and a second bending sub-section, and the first bending sub-section is located between the second bending sub-section and the first bending sub-section. Between the signal lines, the extending direction of the first bending sub-section intersects the first direction, and the second bending sub-section is electrically connected to the second signal line.
  • the extension direction of the second bending sub-piece and the extension direction of the first bending sub-part can be at any angle to adapt to the second signal lines of different shapes in the second cavity or the signal lines in the cavity of different positions, or to adapt Different position parts or different plane parts of the second signal line.
  • the extending direction of the second bending sub-portion is parallel to the extending direction of the second signal line.
  • the extension direction of the second signal line refers to the overall extension direction of the second signal line.
  • the contact area between the second bending sub-portion and the second signal line can be increased, and the signal transmission stability and structural strength can be improved.
  • the extending direction of the second signal line and the second bending sub-portion is the first direction.
  • the area of the second bent sub-portion can be set larger to increase the connection contact area.
  • the second signal line includes a connecting portion
  • the connecting portion is used for connecting with the first signal line
  • the extending direction of the second bending sub-portion is parallel to the extending direction of the connecting portion.
  • the extending direction of the second bending sub-portion may not be parallel to the extending direction of the second signal line, but is parallel to the extending direction of the connecting portion. In order to improve the contact area of the signal connection position.
  • the first elastic bending portion is provided with a connecting hole passing through the first elastic bending portion
  • the second signal wire is provided with a convex portion
  • the convex portion passes through the first elastic bending portion. through the connecting hole.
  • the connecting hole is provided on the second bending sub-piece, and the convex part and the connecting hole can be used to fix the second bending sub-section and the second signal wire together when they are welded, so as to avoid the second bending during the welding process.
  • the folding part and the second signal line are shaken, which is not conducive to welding.
  • the second signal line includes a second main body portion and a second elastic bending portion located at one end of the second main body portion, the second main body portion extends along a third direction, so The extension direction of the second elastic bending portion intersects with the third direction, the second elastic bending portion can be deformed toward the extending direction of the second main body portion, and the first elastic bending portion and the The second elastic bending parts are connected to each other through the first opening.
  • the first signal line and the second signal line are connected through their respective elastic bending parts to realize the signal connection.
  • the extension directions of the first cavity and the second cavity are the same, the third direction is parallel to the first direction, or the extension directions of the first signal line and the second signal line are parallel, and the second elastic bending
  • the extension direction of the part is parallel to the extension direction of the first elastic bending part, the two can be superimposed together, and then can be connected by welding.
  • the third direction may have an angle with the first direction.
  • the second elastic bending part is located in the second cavity, and the connection between the first elastic bending part and the second elastic bending part is located in the second elastic bending part inside the cavity.
  • all of the second signal lines may be located in the second cavity.
  • a first connecting groove may be formed on the side wall of the second cavity, and the first elastic bending portion and the second elastic bending portion may be welded in the second cavity through the first connecting groove, The side wall of the slot is different from the side wall where the first opening is located.
  • one end of the second elastic bending part away from the second main body part passes through the first opening, and the first elastic bending part and the second elastic bending part pass through the first opening.
  • the connection of the folded portion is located in the first cavity.
  • one end of the second elastic bending portion away from the second main body portion is located in the first cavity.
  • a second connecting groove may be formed on the side wall of the first cavity, and the first elastic bending portion and the second elastic bending portion may be welded in the first cavity through the second connecting groove. The second connecting groove is different from the side wall where the first opening is located.
  • one end of the second elastic bending part away from the second main body part passes through the first opening, and the first elastic bending part and the second elastic bending part The connection is located in the first opening.
  • the first opening is opened on the side wall shared between the first cavity and the second cavity or in the adjacent side wall between the first cavity and the second cavity.
  • the common side wall between the first cavity and the second cavity is a common side wall, the common side wall is perpendicular to the plane where the first direction and the second direction are located, and the common side wall has a certain thickness,
  • the length of the first opening is the same as the thickness of the common side wall, wherein the length direction of the first opening is the same as the extending direction of the first elastic bending part, which can pass through the common side of the first cavity and the second cavity.
  • a third connecting groove is set on the wall, and the first elastic bending part and the second elastic bending part are welded in the first opening through the third connecting groove.
  • the feeding structure further includes a third cavity and a third signal line, the third signal line is located in the third cavity, and the third cavity is connected to the third cavity.
  • Two cavities are arranged side by side on one side of the first cavity, a second opening is formed between the first cavity and the third cavity, and the first cavity and the third cavity Through the second opening, the first signal line further includes a third elastic bending portion located at one end of the first main body portion, and the length of the third elastic bending portion in the second direction is greater than that of the third elastic bending portion. The length of the first cavity in the second direction, and the end of the third elastic bending portion away from the first main body portion is connected to the third signal through the second opening.
  • the feeding structure further includes a third cavity and a third signal line, the third signal line is located in the third cavity, and the third cavity and the second cavity are arranged on one side of the first cavity in parallel , there is a second opening between the first cavity and the third cavity, the third signal line includes a third main body part and a fourth elastic bending part located at one end of the third main body part, and the fourth elastic bending part is far away from the first One end of the three main body parts is connected to the first signal line through the second opening.
  • the first cavity, the second cavity and the third cavity may also include functional units in other feeding structures, such as phase shifters, filter units, combiner units, power division units or radiation units , this application does not limit it.
  • the first cavity, the second cavity and the third cavity may be the cavities in the feed structure that are used to accommodate phase shifters, filter units, combiner units, power division units or radiation units, respectively, that is, feeder units.
  • the first elastic bending portion in the first signal line in the feeding structure of the present application can be applied to any structure that needs to connect the signal lines in the two cavities, and is suitable for any position deformation between the two cavities or shape deformation Between the two cavities, when there are multiple signal lines and elastic bending parts, it can be applied to the connection of signal lines in multiple cavities.
  • the first elastic bending portion may be formed by bending one end of the first signal line, that is to say, the material forming the first signal line has a certain amount of deformation and can transmit radio frequency signals.
  • a first elastic bending portion is formed integrally with a deformable material at one end of the first main body portion, wherein the material forming the first elastic bending portion not only has a certain amount of deformation but also can transmit radio frequency signals.
  • the second elastic bending portion may be formed by bending one end of the second signal line, and the material forming the second signal line has a certain amount of deformation and can transmit radio frequency signals.
  • a second elastic bending portion is formed integrally with a deformable material at one end of the second main body portion, wherein the material forming the second elastic bending portion not only has a certain amount of deformation but also can transmit radio frequency signals.
  • the first signal line, the second signal line and the third signal line may be metal strip lines or a PCB board, wherein the metal strip lines may be sheet metal strip lines.
  • the position of the first opening can be set according to the position where the first signal line and the second signal line actually need to be connected. In this embodiment, it is set on the common side wall of the first cavity and the second cavity. In some embodiments, an opening can also be provided at the corresponding position of the first cavity and the second cavity, and the first elastic bending part can pass through the corresponding opening of the first cavity and the second cavity. .
  • the first cavity, the second cavity and the third cavity in the present application may be a profile cavity or a plastic electroplating cavity.
  • the present application provides an antenna including the feeding structure described in any one of the above.
  • the present application provides a communication device, the communication device includes the radio frequency processing unit and the above-mentioned antenna, and the radio frequency processing unit is electrically connected to a feeding structure in the antenna.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a feeding structure of an antenna provided by an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic three-dimensional structural diagram of a feeding structure of an antenna provided by an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a first signal line in a feeding structure of an antenna provided by an embodiment of the present application;
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the first signal line provided in an embodiment of the present application when the first signal line is not installed in the first cavity;
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the first signal line provided in an embodiment of the present application when the first signal line is not installed in the first cavity;
  • 6a is a schematic diagram of the first signal line provided by an embodiment of the present application when it is pushed into the first cavity;
  • FIG. 6b is a schematic diagram of the connection between the first signal line and the second signal line in the cavity according to an embodiment of the present application
  • Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram when the first signal line is connected with the second signal line in the prior art
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the position when the first signal line and the second signal line are connected according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the position when the first signal line and the second signal line are connected according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of the position when the first signal line and the second signal line are connected according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic three-dimensional structural diagram of a feeding structure of an antenna provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 12 is a top view of a feeding structure of an antenna provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of connecting a first signal line and a second signal line in a second cavity according to an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of connecting a first signal line and a second signal line in a first cavity according to an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 15 is a schematic structural diagram of the connection between the first signal line and the second signal line in the first opening provided by an embodiment of the present application;
  • 16 is a schematic three-dimensional structural diagram of a feeding structure of an antenna provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • 17 is a top view of a feeding structure of an antenna provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 18 is a schematic structural diagram of a first signal line in a feeding structure of an antenna provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 19 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 20 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • first, second, etc. are only used for descriptive purposes, and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as “first” or “second” may expressly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this application, unless stated otherwise, “plurality” means two or more.
  • orientation terms such as “upper” and “lower” are defined relative to the orientation in which the structures in the accompanying drawings are schematically placed, and it should be understood that these directional terms are relative concepts, and they are used relative to descriptions and clarifications, which can vary accordingly depending on the orientation in which the structure is placed.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a feeding structure 10 of an antenna 1 , including a first cavity 100 , a second cavity 200 , a first signal line 300 and a second signal line 400 .
  • the first signal line 300 is located in the first cavity 100 .
  • the first signal line 300 includes a first body portion 310 and a first elastic bending portion 320 located at one end of the first body portion 310 .
  • the first body portion 310 is along the first direction.
  • A extends, the extending direction of the first elastic bending part 320 intersects with the first direction A, the first elastic bending part 320 can be deformed in the extending direction of the first main body part 310 ;
  • the second signal line 400 is located in the second cavity 200 Inside, there is a first opening 110 between the first cavity 100 and the second cavity 200, the first cavity 100 and the second cavity 200 communicate with each other through the first opening 110, and the first elastic bending part 320 is
  • the length in the second direction B is greater than the length of the first cavity 100 in the second direction B, the second direction B intersects the first direction A, and the end of the first elastic bending portion 320 away from the first main body portion 310 passes through
  • the first opening 110 is connected to the second signal line 400 .
  • the first signal line 300 and the second signal line 400 are used for transmitting signals.
  • the extension direction of the first elastic bending portion 320 intersects the first direction A, which means that the first elastic bending portion 320 is bent toward one side compared to the first main body portion 310 .
  • the first elastic bending portion 320 is bent toward one side.
  • the portion 320 is bent toward the second cavity 200 compared to the first body portion 310 .
  • the extending direction of the first elastic bending part 320 is perpendicular to the extending direction of the first main body part 310 .
  • the extending direction of the first elastic bending part 320 is the same as that of the first main body part 310
  • the included angle of the extension direction is between 60° and 90°.
  • the included angle between the extension direction of the first elastic bending portion 320 and the extension direction of the first main body portion 310 is between 30° and 60°. .
  • the length of the first elastic bending portion 320 in the second direction B is greater than the length of the first cavity 100 in the second direction B, so that the first signal line 300 is put into the first cavity from one end of the first cavity 100
  • the first elastic bending portion 320 needs to be deformed in the extending direction of the first main body portion 310, that is to say, the first elastic bending portion 320 is squeezed into the first cavity 100 in a compressed state, Then it continues to advance toward the first cavity 100 until the first elastic bending portion 320 reaches the position of the first opening 110 , the first elastic bending portion 320 returns to its original shape, and is no longer in a compressed state at this time, and the first elastic bending One end of the part 320 away from the first main body part 310 passes through the first opening 110 and then into the second cavity 200 .
  • the first opening 110 is disposed on the side wall of the first cavity 100 along the second direction B, and at least part of the first cavity 100 and at least part of the second cavity 200 are arranged side by side in the second direction B, In this embodiment, the first cavity 100 and the second cavity 200 are arranged side by side and adjacent to each other along the second direction B.
  • the length of the first elastic bending portion 320 in the second direction B is greater than the length of the first cavity 100 in the second direction B, that is, the length of the first cavity 100 in the second direction B The length can be set smaller, which saves space and reduces weight.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the first signal line 300 not installed in the first cavity 100, wherein the first cavity 100 and the second cavity 200 both extend along the first direction A, The first cavity 100 and the second cavity 200 are arranged side by side, the first elastic bending portion 320 extends along the second direction B, and the length in the second direction B is greater than the length of the first cavity 100 in the second direction B , the first cavity 100 includes a first opening 102 at one end along the first direction A, the length of the first opening 102 in the second direction B is smaller than the length of the first elastic bending portion 320 in the second direction B, when the first elastic When the bending portion 320 has no elasticity or the first elastic bending portion 320 cannot be deformed in the extending direction of the first main body portion 310 , the first elastic bending portion 320 cannot be inserted into the first elastic bending portion 320 through the first opening 102 .
  • the first elastic bending portion 320 since the first elastic bending portion 320 has elasticity, it can be deformed toward the extension line of the first main body portion 310 .
  • the first signal line 300 is put into the first cavity 100
  • the first elastic bending part 320 is pressed toward the extending direction of the first main body part 310
  • the length of the compressed first elastic bending part 320 in the second direction B is less than or equal to the length of the first cavity 100 in the second direction B.
  • the length in the second direction B at this time, the first elastic bending portion 320 can be pushed into the first cavity 100, and then the first main body portion 310 can be pushed into the first cavity 100; as shown in FIG.
  • the first elastic bending part 320 away from the first main body part 310 reaches the position of the first opening 110 , since the first opening 110 is a free and unobstructed space, the first elastic bending part 320 is far away from the first opening 110 .
  • the distal end of the main body portion 310 extends into the first opening 110, the first elastic bending portion 320 returns to its original shape, and the restored first elastic bending portion 320 is not compressed.
  • the length in the two directions B is greater than the length of the first cavity 100 in the second direction B, and the end of the first elastic bending portion 320 away from the first main body portion 310 extends into the second cavity 200 through the first opening 110 (as shown in FIG. 6b ), in the absence of external force acting on the first elastic bending portion 320, the first elastic bending portion 320 is limited in the first opening 110, and then the first elastic bending portion 320 is connected with the second signal line 400, and the installation is convenient.
  • the feeding structure 10 of the antenna 1 provided by the present application is provided with a deformable first elastic bending part 320 at one end of the first signal line 300 .
  • the length of the first cavity 100 in the second direction B is set smaller, thereby saving space and weight of the feeding structure 10; on the other hand, when the first elastic bending part 320 is pushed into the first opening When it is at the hole 110, the deformed first elastic bending portion 320 will be pushed into the first opening 110 when it is pushed to the position of the first opening 110, which is convenient for the first elastic bending portion 320 and the second signal Line 400 is installed to connect.
  • the first main body portion 310 and the first elastic bending portion 320 are integrally formed.
  • the two signal lines 301 of the first cavity 100 and the second cavity 200 are electrically connected through the signal connector 101 , and the two ends of the signal connector 101 are connected to the first cavity 100 and
  • the two signal lines 301 of the second cavity 200 are welded and have two welding points O1 and O2. The more welding points, the worse the signal transmission characteristics and the worse the structural strength of the signal lines.
  • the first elastic bending portion 320 can extend into the second cavity 200 through the first opening 110 to be connected to the second signal line 400, and the first elastic bending portion 320 only needs to be kept away from the first main body
  • One end of the part 310 is welded with the second signal line 400 , that is to say, there is one welding point, which improves the signal transmission characteristics and structural strength.
  • the first elastic bending portion 320 includes a first bending sub-section 321 and a second bending sub-section 322 , and the first bending sub-section 321 is located at the second bending sub-section 322 Between the first signal line 300 , the extending direction of the first bending sub-section 321 intersects the first direction A, and the second bending sub-section 322 is electrically connected to the second signal line 400 . That is, in this embodiment, the first bending sub-portion 321 is deformed in the extending direction of the first main body portion 310 .
  • the extending direction of the second bending sub-piece 322 and the extending direction of the first bending sub-portion 321 can be at any angle to fit the second signal lines 400 of different shapes in the second cavity 200 or the signal lines in the cavity at different positions , or adapt to different position parts or different plane parts of the second signal line 400 , as shown in FIG. 3 , FIG. 8 , FIG. 9 and FIG. 10 , four different implementations are shown.
  • the extending direction of the second bending sub-portion 322 is parallel to the extending direction of the second signal line 400 .
  • the extension direction of the second signal line 400 refers to the overall extension direction of the second signal line 400 .
  • the contact area between the second bending sub-section 322 and the second signal line 400 can be increased, and the signal transmission stability and structural strength can be improved.
  • the extending direction of the second signal line 400 and the second bending sub-portion 322 is the first direction A.
  • the area of the second bending sub-portion 322 can be set larger to increase the connection contact area.
  • the second signal line 400 includes a connecting portion 402 , the connecting portion 402 is used for connecting with the first signal line 300 , and the extension direction of the second bending sub-portion 322 is the same as that of the connecting portion 402 .
  • direction of extension is parallel.
  • the extending direction of the second bending sub-portion 322 may not be parallel to the extending direction of the second signal line 400 , but is parallel to the extending direction of the connecting portion 402 .
  • the extending direction of the second bending sub-portion 322 and the extending direction of the connecting portion 402 are both the fourth direction D, and the fourth direction D and the first direction A have an included angle.
  • the first elastic bending portion 320 is provided with a connecting hole 323 penetrating the first elastic bending portion 320 .
  • the connection hole 323 is beneficial to fix the relative positions of the first signal line 300 and the second signal line 400 during soldering.
  • a fixing member can pass through the connection hole 323 so that the first signal line 300 and the second signal line 400 are close to each other, During soldering, the first signal line 300 and the second signal line 400 can be prevented from shaking.
  • the second signal line 400 includes a second body portion 410 and a second elastic bending portion 420 located at one end of the second body portion 410 .
  • the second body portion 410 Extending along the third direction C, the extending direction of the second elastic bending portion 420 intersects the third direction C, the second elastic bending portion 420 can be deformed toward the extending direction of the second main body portion 410 , and the first elastic bending portion 320
  • the second elastic bending portion 420 is connected to each other through the first opening 110 .
  • the first signal line 300 and the second signal line 400 are connected through their respective elastic bending parts to realize signal connection.
  • the extension directions of the first cavity 100 and the second cavity 200 are the same, the third direction C is parallel to the first direction A, or the extension directions of the first signal line 300 and the second signal line 400 are parallel , the extending direction of the second elastic bending part 420 is parallel to the extending direction of the first elastic bending part 320 , the two can be stacked together, and then can be connected by welding.
  • the third direction C and the first direction A may have an included angle.
  • the second elastic bending part 420 is located in the second cavity 200 , and the connection between the first elastic bending part 320 and the second elastic bending part 420 is located in the second inside the cavity 200 .
  • all of the second signal lines 400 are located in the second cavity 200 .
  • the first connecting groove 201 can be opened on the side wall of the second cavity 200 , and the first elastic bending part 320 and the second elastic bending part 420 can be welded to the first connecting groove 201 through the first connecting groove 201 .
  • the side wall of the slot is different from the side wall where the first opening 110 is located. As shown in FIG.
  • the side wall where the first connection groove 201 is located is adjacent to the side wall where the first opening 110 corresponds to the side wall where the second cavity 200 is located, and the first elastic bending portion 320 and the second The elastic bending portion 420 is welded in the second cavity 200 .
  • the end of the second elastic bending part 420 away from the second main body part 410 passes through the first opening 110 , the first elastic bending part 320 and the second elastic bending part
  • the connection of the parts 420 is located in the first cavity 100 .
  • one end of the second elastic bending portion 420 away from the second main body portion 410 is located in the first cavity 100 .
  • the second connecting groove 103 may be formed on the side wall of the first cavity 100 , and the first elastic bending portion 320 and the second elastic bending portion 420 may be welded to the second connecting groove 103 through the second connecting groove 103 . inside the first cavity 100 .
  • the second connecting groove 103 is different from the side wall where the first opening 110 is located. As shown in FIG. 14 , the side wall where the second connecting groove 103 is located is adjacent to the side wall where the first opening 110 corresponds to the first cavity 100 , and the first elastic bending portion 320 and the second elastic bending portion 320 are formed by the second connecting groove 103 The elastic bending portion 420 is welded in the first cavity 100 .
  • the end of the second elastic bending part 420 away from the second main body part 410 passes through the first opening 110 , the first elastic bending part 320 and the second elastic bending part
  • the connection of the parts 420 is located in the first opening 110 .
  • the first opening 110 is opened on the side wall shared between the first cavity 100 and the second cavity 200 or in the adjacent side wall between the first cavity 100 and the second cavity 200 .
  • the sidewall shared between the first cavity 100 and the second cavity 200 is the common sidewall 403
  • the common sidewall 403 is perpendicular to the plane where the first direction A and the second direction B are located
  • the common side The wall 403 has a certain thickness
  • the length of the first opening 110 is the same as the thickness of the common side wall 403
  • the length direction of the first opening 110 is the same as the extending direction of the first elastic bending part 320 .
  • a third connecting groove 404 is defined on the common side wall 403 of the cavity 100 and the second cavity 200 , and the first elastic bending part 320 and the second elastic bending part 420 are welded to the first elastic bending part 420 through the third connecting groove 404 . inside the opening 110 .
  • the feeding structure 10 further includes a third cavity 500 and a third signal line 600 , the third signal line 600 is located in the third cavity 500 , and the third The cavity 500 and the second cavity 200 are arranged side by side on one side of the first cavity 100 , and a second opening 120 (as shown in FIG. 17 ) is provided between the first cavity 100 and the third cavity 500 The cavity 100 and the third cavity 500 are communicated with each other through the second opening 120.
  • the first signal line 300 further includes a third elastic bending part 330 located at one end of the first main body part 310.
  • the length in the second direction B is greater than the length of the first cavity 100 in the second direction B, and the end of the third elastic bending portion 330 away from the first main body portion 310 is connected to the third signal line 600 through the second opening 120 .
  • the third elastic bending portion 330 and the first elastic bending portion 320 are located at the same end of the first main body portion 310 (as shown in FIG. 18 ). That is to say, one end of the first signal line 300 is simultaneously connected to the second signal line 400 and the third signal line 600 through the first elastic bending portion 320 and the third elastic bending portion 330 respectively.
  • the second bending sub-portion 322 is provided with a connecting hole 323 penetrating the second bending sub-portion 322, and the second signal line 400 is provided with a convex portion 401 ( 17 ), the protruding portion 401 passes through the connecting hole 323 .
  • the connecting hole 323 is provided on the second bending sub-piece 322 (as shown in FIG. 18 ), and the convex portion 401 and the connecting hole 323 can be used for soldering the second bending sub-section 322 and the second signal line 400 , and fix the two together to avoid the second bending sub-section 322 and the second signal line 400 from shaking during the welding process, which is not conducive to welding.
  • the feeding structure 10 further includes a third cavity 500 and a third signal line 600 , the third signal line 600 is located in the third cavity 500 , and the third cavity 500 and the second cavity 200 are arranged in parallel On one side of the first cavity 100 , there is a second opening 120 between the first cavity 100 and the third cavity 500 , and the third signal line 600 includes a third body portion and a fourth body located at one end of the third body portion.
  • the elastic bending portion, one end of the fourth elastic bending portion away from the third main body portion is connected to the first signal line 300 through the second opening 120 . That is to say, in this embodiment, the third signal wire 600 is connected to the first signal wire 300 through the fourth elastic bending portion, and the second signal wire 400 is connected to the first signal wire 300 through the first elastic bending portion 320 .
  • the first cavity 100 , the second cavity 200 and the third cavity 500 may further include functional units in other feeding structures, such as phase shifters, filter units, combiner units, and power division units Or a radiation unit, which is not limited in this application.
  • the first cavity 100 , the second cavity 200 , and the third cavity 500 may be cavities in the feed structure 10 for accommodating phase shifters, filter units, combiner units, power division units or radiation units, respectively. , that is, the cavity of the feeding structure itself.
  • the first elastic bending portion 320 in the first signal wire 300 in the feeding structure 10 of the present application can be applied to any structure that needs to connect the signal wires in the two cavities, and can be applied between the two cavities deformed at any position Or between two cavities with deformed shape, when there are multiple signal lines and elastic bending parts, it can be applied to the connection of signal lines in multiple cavities.
  • the first elastic bending portion 320 may be formed by bending one end of the first signal line 300 , that is to say, the material forming the first signal line 300 has a certain amount of deformation and can transmit radio frequency signals.
  • the first elastic bending part 320 is formed integrally with a deformable material at one end of the first main body part 310 , wherein the material forming the first elastic bending part 320 not only has a certain deformation amount but also can transmit radio frequency signals.
  • the second elastic bending portion 420 may be formed by bending one end of the second signal line 400 , and the material forming the second signal line 400 has a certain amount of deformation and can transmit radio frequency signals.
  • a second elastic bending part 420 is formed integrally with a deformable material at one end of the second main body part 410 , wherein the material forming the second elastic bending part 420 not only has a certain deformation amount but also can transmit radio frequency signals.
  • the first signal line 300 , the second signal line 400 and the third signal line 600 may be metal strip lines or PCB boards, wherein the metal strip lines may be sheet metal strip lines.
  • the position of the first opening 110 can be set according to the actual position where the first signal line 300 and the second signal line 400 need to be connected. In this embodiment, it is set in the common area of the first cavity 100 and the second cavity 200 On the side wall, in some embodiments, an opening can also be provided at positions corresponding to the first cavity 100 and the second cavity 200 , and the first elastic bending portion 320 can pass through the first cavity 100 . an opening corresponding to the second cavity 200 .
  • the first cavity 100 , the second cavity 200 and the third cavity 500 in the present application may be profile cavities or plastic plating cavities.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides an antenna 1 , and the antenna 1 includes the feeding structure 10 as in any of the foregoing embodiments.
  • the antenna 1 further includes a reflector 20 and a radome 30 , and the feeding structure 10 is located between the reflector 20 and the radome 30 .
  • the feeding structure 10 is a part of the feeding network in the antenna 1 , wherein the feeding network further includes a phase-shifting power division unit, a radiation unit, and the like.
  • the reflector 20 is used to reflect signals, improve the sensitivity of the antenna 1 to transmit or receive signals, and gather the signal reflections on the receiving point of the antenna 1, which not only greatly enhances the receiving or transmitting capability of the antenna 1, but also blocks or shields the reflection from the reflection.
  • the material of the reflective board 20 can be metal.
  • the radome 30 has good electromagnetic wave penetration characteristics, and can withstand external harsh environmental protection and the antenna 1 is protected from the external environment.
  • one of the side walls of the first cavity 100 and the second cavity 200 is used as the reflector 20 , or one of the first cavity 100 , the second cavity 200 and the third cavity 500 The side walls serve as the reflection plate 20 .
  • an embodiment of the present application further provides a communication device 2, including the antenna 1 in any of the above-mentioned embodiments, the antenna 1 may be multiple, and the multiple antennas 1 are distributed in an array.
  • There is a feeding network and the feeding network in each antenna 1 can correspond to different frequency bands, and the radiation directions corresponding to the same frequency band in the antenna 1 are different, wherein the feeding network includes the feeding structure 10 in the above embodiment.
  • the communication device 2 further includes: a radio frequency processing unit 3 and a baseband processing unit 4 .
  • the baseband processing unit 4 is connected to the feed structure 10 in the antenna 1 through the radio frequency processing unit 3; the antenna 1 is used to transmit the received wireless signal to the radio frequency processing unit 3, or convert the transmitted signal of the radio frequency processing unit 3 into electromagnetic waves, send out.
  • the radio frequency processing unit 3 is electrically connected to the feeding structure 10 in the antenna 1 .
  • the radio frequency processing unit 3 is used to perform frequency selection, amplification, and down-conversion processing on the wireless signal received by the antenna 1, and convert it into an intermediate frequency signal or a baseband signal and send it to the baseband processing unit 4, or, for the baseband processing unit 4.
  • the sent baseband signal or intermediate frequency signal is up-converted, amplified, and sent out through the antenna.
  • the baseband processing unit 4 is used for processing the intermediate frequency signal or the baseband signal sent by the radio frequency processing unit 3 .
  • the radio frequency processing unit 3 is integrated with the antenna 1, the antenna 1 is installed on a pole 5 or an iron tower, the radio frequency processing unit 3 is integrated with the antenna 1, and the baseband processing unit 4 is located at the far end of the antenna 1, and It is connected with the radio frequency processing unit 3 through the cable 6 .
  • the radio frequency processing unit 3 and the baseband processing unit 4 may be located at the far end of the antenna 2 at the same time.

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Abstract

本申请提供一种天线的馈电结构、天线和通讯设备，馈电结构包括具有第一信号线的第一腔体和具有第二信号线的第二腔体，第一信号线包括第一主体部和位于第一主体部一端的第一弹性折弯部，第一主体部沿第一方向延伸，第一弹性弯折部的延伸方向与第一方向相交，第一弹性弯折部能够向第一主体部的延伸方向变形；第一腔体和第二腔体之间具有第一开孔，第一腔体和第二腔体通过第一开孔互相连通，第一弹性弯折部在第二方向上的长度大于第一腔体在第二方向上的长度，第一弹性弯折部远离第一主体部的一端穿过第一开孔与第二信号线连接。本申请的馈电结构的第一弹性折弯部在压缩状态下伸入第一腔体中，便于安装且可节约馈电结构的空间和减轻重量。

Description

天线的馈电结构、天线及通讯系统 技术领域
本申请涉及天线技术领域，具体涉及一种天线的馈电结构、天线及通讯系统。
背景技术
随着移动通信技术的快速发展，对整个通信系统架构提出更加苛刻的技术要求，通信系统要求既要实现高效、快速、大容量通信，又要做到高度集成化、小型化、轻量化。天线在通信系统上具有重要作用，随着基站天线内部馈电网络的集成度越来越高，对其内部各模块之间电连接的要求也越来越高；在一些场景下，需要实现不同平面内或者不同腔体内模块之间的电连接，目前业内普遍存在的信号转接方案包括：将有两个或三个腔体横向放置，每个腔体内分别放置射频传输线，在不同腔体内射频传输线处于同一平面，通常用一个跳片或者一个横向的带线把不同腔体内的射频传输线电连接在一起，这种信号转接方案不适用于垂直面上的电连接，且腔体需要设置的较大，不利于天线小型化和轻量化。
发明内容
本申请提供一种可节约空间和减轻质量的天线的馈电结构。
第一方面，本申请提供一种天线的馈电结构，包括第一腔体、第二腔体、第一信号线以及第二信号线，所述第一信号线位于所述第一腔体内，所述第一信号线包括第一主体部和位于所述第一主体部一端的第一弹性折弯部，所述第一主体部沿第一方向延伸，所述第一弹性弯折部的延伸方向与所述第一方向相交，所述第一弹性弯折部能够向所述第一主体部的延伸方向变形；所述第二信号线位于所述第二腔体内，所述第一腔体和所述第二腔体之间具有第一开孔，所述第一腔体和所述第二腔体通过所述第一开孔互相连通，所述第一弹性弯折部在第二方向上的长度大于所述第一腔体在第二方向上的长度，所述第二方向与所述第一方向相交，所述第一弹性弯折部远离所述第一主体部的一端穿过所述第一开孔与所述第二信号线连接。
其中第一信号线和第二信号线用于传输信号。第一弹性弯折部的延伸方向与第一方向相交，是指第一弹性弯折部相较于第一主体部朝向一侧弯折，在本实施中，第一弹性弯折部相较于第一主体部朝向第二腔体弯折。在一实施方式中，第一弹性弯折部的延伸方向与第一主体部的延伸方向垂直，在一些实施方式中，第一弹性弯折部的延伸方向与第一主体部的延伸方向的夹角在60°至90°之间，在一些实施方式中，第一弹性弯折部的延伸方向与第一主体部的延伸方向的夹角在30°至60°之间。第一弹性弯折部在第二方向上的长度大于第一腔体在第二方向上的长度，使得将第一信号线从第一腔体的一端放入第一腔体内时需要将第一弹性弯折部向第一主体部的延伸方向变形，也就是说第一弹性弯折部是在压缩状态下被挤压在第一腔体中，然后向第一腔体持续推进，直到第一弹性弯折部达到第一开孔的位置，第一弹性弯折部恢复原形，此时已经没有处于压缩状态，第一弹性弯折部远离第一主体部的一端穿过第一开孔进而第二腔体中。在本申请中，第一弹性弯折部在第二 方向上的长度大于第一腔体在第二方向上的长度，也就是说第一腔体在第二方向上的长度可设置的较小，进而可节约空间和降低重量。
本申请提供的天线的馈电结构一方面通过在第一信号线的一端设置可形变的第一弹性折弯部，其在压缩状态下伸入第一腔体中时，可使得第一腔体在第二方向上的长度设置的较小，进而可节约馈电结构的空间和减轻重量；另一方面，当第一弹性弯折部被推入第一开孔处时，恢复形变的第一弹性弯折部在被推至第一开孔的位置时会被推入第一开孔中，便于第一弹性弯折部与第二信号线安装连接。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述第一主体部与所述第一弹性弯折部一体成型。第一弹性折弯部可通过第一开孔伸入第二腔体中与第二信号线连接，只需要将第一弹性弯折部远离第一主体部的一端与第二信号线焊接，也就是说焊接点为一个，提升信号传输特性和结构强度。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述第一弹性弯折部包括第一弯折子部和第二弯折子部，所述第一弯折子部位于所述第二弯折子部与所述第一信号线之间，所述第一弯折子部的延伸方向与所述第一方向相交，所述第二弯折子部与所述第二信号线电连接。其中第二弯折子件的延伸方向与第一弯折子部的延伸方向可呈任意角度以适配第二腔体中不同形状的第二信号线或者不同位置腔体中的信号线，或者适配第二信号线的不同位置部分或者不同平面部分。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述第二弯折子部的延伸方向与所述第二信号线的延伸方向平行。其中第二信号线的延伸方向是指第二信号线的整体延伸方向。其中，可提高第二弯折子部与第二信号线的接触面积，提高信号传输稳定性和结构强度。在一实施方式中，第二信号线和第二弯折子部的延伸方向为第一方向。在一些实施方式中，第二弯折子部的面积可设置的较大，以提高连接接触面积。
在一种可能的实现方式中，第二信号线包括连接部，连接部用于与第一信号线连接，第二弯折子部的延伸方向与连接部的延伸方向平行。其中，第二弯折子部的延伸方向可不与第二信号线的延伸方向平行，但与连接部的延伸方向平行。以提高信号连接位置的接触面积。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述第一弹性弯折部上设有贯穿所述第一弹性弯折部的连接孔，所述第二信号线上设有凸部，所述凸部穿过所述连接孔中。其中，连接孔设置在第二弯折子件上，凸部和连接孔可用于在焊接第二弯折子部和第二信号线时，将两者固定在一起，以避免在焊接过程中第二弯折子部和第二信号线晃动而不利于焊接。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述第二信号线包括第二主体部和位于所述第二主体部一端的第二弹性弯折部，所述第二主体部沿第三方向延伸，所述第二弹性弯折部的延伸方向与所述第三方向相交，所述第二弹性弯折部能够向所述第二主体部的延伸方向变形，所述第一弹性弯折部与所述第二弹性弯折部通过所述第一开孔互相连接。其中，第一信号线和第二信号线通过其各自的弹性弯折部连接以实现信号连接。在一些实施方式中，第一腔体和第二腔体的延伸方向相同，第三方向与第一方向平行，或者说第一信号线和第二信号线的延伸方向平行，第二弹性弯折部的延伸方向与第一弹性弯折部的延伸方向平行，两者可叠加在一起，然后可通过焊接方式连接。在一些实施方式中，第三方向与第一方向可具有 夹角。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述第二弹性弯折部位于所述第二腔体内，所述第一弹性弯折部和所述第二弹性弯折部的连接处位于所述第二腔体内。其中，第二信号线可全部位于第二腔体内。在一些实施方式中，可通过在第二腔体的侧壁上开第一连接槽，通过该第一连接槽将第一弹性弯折部和第二弹性弯折部焊接在第二腔体内，其中开槽的侧壁与第一开孔所在的侧壁不同。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述第二弹性弯折部远离所述第二主体部的一端穿过所述第一开孔，所述第一弹性弯折部和所述第二弹性弯折部的连接处位于所述第一腔体内。其中，第二弹性弯折部远离第二主体部的一端位于第一腔体内。在一些实施方式中，可通过在第一腔体的侧壁上开第二连接槽，通过该第二连接槽将第一弹性弯折部和第二弹性弯折部焊接在第一腔体内。其中第二连接槽与第一开孔所在的侧壁不同。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述第二弹性弯折部远离所述第二主体部的一端穿过第一开孔，所述第一弹性弯折部和所述第二弹性弯折部的连接处位于所述第一开孔内。其中，第一开孔开设在第一腔体和第二腔体之间共用的侧壁上或者第一腔体和第二腔体之间相邻的侧壁中。在一实施方式中，第一腔体和第二腔体之间共用的侧壁为公共侧壁，公共侧壁垂直于第一方向和第二方向所在的平面，公共侧壁具有一定的厚度，第一开孔的长度与公共侧壁的厚度相同，其中第一开孔的长度方向与第一弹性弯折部的延伸方向相同，可通过在第一腔体和第二腔体通用的公共侧壁上开设第三连接槽，通过该第三连接槽将第一弹性弯折部和第二弹性弯折部焊接在第一开孔内。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述馈电结构还包括第三腔体和第三信号线，所述第三信号线位于所述第三腔体内，所述第三腔体与所述第二腔体并列设置在所述第一腔体的一侧，所述第一腔体和所述第三腔体之间具有第二开孔，所述第一腔体和所述第三腔体通过所述第二开孔互相连通，所述第一信号线还包括位于所述第一主体部一端的第三弹性弯折部，所述第三弹性弯折部在第二方向的长度大于所述第一腔体在第二方向的长度，所述第三弹性弯折部远离所述第一主体部的一端穿过所述第二开孔与所述第三信号连接。
在一些实施方式中，馈电结构还包括第三腔体和第三信号线，第三信号线位于第三腔体内，第三腔体与第二腔体并列设置在第一腔体的一侧，第一腔体和第三腔体之间具有第二开孔，第三信号线包括第三主体部和位于第三主体部一端的第四弹性弯折部，第四弹性弯折部远离第三主体部的一端穿过第二开孔与第一信号线连接。
在本申请中，第一腔体、第二腔体和第三腔体中还可以包括其他馈电结构中的功能单元，例如移相器、滤波单元、合路单元、功分单元或者辐射单元，本申请对此不做限制。其中第一腔体、第二腔体和第三腔体可分别为馈电结构中本身用于收容移相器、滤波单元、合路单元、功分单元或者辐射单元的腔体，也就是馈电结构本身具有的腔体。本申请的馈电结构中第一信号线中的第一弹性弯折部可适用任何需要连接两个腔体中的信号线的结构，适用于任何位置变形的两个腔体之间或者形状变形的两个腔体之间，当信号线和弹性弯折部具有多个时，可适用于多个腔体中的信号线连接。
在本申请中第一弹性弯折部可以是由第一信号线的一端弯折后形成，也就是说形成第一信号线的材料具有一定的形变量并且可以传输射频信号。或者在第一主体部的一端与具 有形变能力的材料一体形成第一弹性弯折部，其中形成第一弹性弯折部的材料不仅具有一定的形变量还可以传输射频信号。同样的，第二弹性弯折部可以是由第二信号线的一端弯折后形成，形成第二信号线的材料具有一定的形变量并且可以传输射频信号。或者在第二主体部的一端与具有形变能力的材料一体形成第二弹性弯折部，其中形成第二弹性弯折部的材料不仅具有一定的形变量还可以传输射频信号。其中第一信号线、第二信号线和第三信号线可为金属带线或者PCB板，其中金属带线可为钣金带线。
其中第一开孔的位置可根据第一信号线和第二信号线实际需要连接的位置来设置，在本实施例中，是设置在第一腔体和第二腔体公共侧壁上，在一些实施方式中，也可以设置在第一腔体和第二腔体对应的位置上分别设置一个开孔，第一弹性弯折部可穿过第一腔体和第二腔体对应的开孔。本申请中的第一腔体、第二腔体和第三腔体可以为型材腔体或者塑料电镀腔体。
第二方面，本申请提供一种天线，天线包括如上面任一项所述的馈电结构。
第三方面，本申请提供一种通讯设备，通讯设备包括所述射频处理单元和如上所述的天线，所述射频处理单元电连接至所述天线中的馈电结构。
附图说明
图1是本申请一实施方式提供的天线的馈电结构的结构示意图；
图2是本申请一实施方式提供的天线的馈电结构的立体结构示意图；
图3是本申请一实施方式提供的天线的馈电结构中的第一信号线的结构示意图；
图4是本申请一实施方式提供的第一信号线未安装在第一腔体中时的示意图；
图5是本申请一实施方式提供的第一信号线未安装在第一腔体中时的示意图；
图6a是本申请一实施方式提供的第一信号线被推入第一腔体中时的示意图；
图6b是本申请一实施方式提供的第一信号线与第二信号线在腔体内连接时的示意图；
图7是现有技术中第一信号线与第二信号线连接时的示意图；
图8是本申请一实施方式提供的第一信号线与第二信号线连接时的位置示意图；
图9是本申请一实施方式提供的第一信号线与第二信号线连接时的位置示意图；
图10是本申请一实施方式提供的第一信号线与第二信号线连接时的位置示意图；
图11是本申请一实施方式提供的天线的馈电结构的立体结构示意图；
图12是本申请一实施方式提供的天线的馈电结构的俯视图；
图13是本申请一实施方式提供的第一信号线与第二信号线在第二腔体内连接的结构示意图；
图14是本申请一实施方式提供的第一信号线与第二信号线在第一腔体内连接的结构示意图；
图15是本申请一实施方式提供的第一信号线与第二信号线在第一开孔内连接的结构示意图；
图16是本申请一实施方式提供的天线的馈电结构的立体结构示意图；
图17是本申请一实施方式提供的天线的馈电结构的俯视图；
图18是本申请一实施方式提供的天线的馈电结构中的第一信号线的结构示意图；
图19是本申请一实施方式提供的天线的结构示意图；
图20是本申请一实施方式提供的通讯设备的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
本文中，术语“第一”、“第二”等仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此，限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括一个或者更多个该特征。在本申请的描述中，除非另有说明，“多个”的含义是两个或两个以上。
此外，本文中，“上”、“下”等方位术语是相对于附图中的结构示意置放的方位来定义的，应当理解到，这些方向性术语是相对的概念，它们用于相对于的描述和澄清，其可以根据结构所放置的方位的变化而相应地发生变化。
请参阅图1至图3，本申请一实施方式提供一种天线1的馈电结构10，包括第一腔体100、第二腔体200、第一信号线300以及第二信号线400。第一信号线300位于第一腔体100内，第一信号线300包括第一主体部310和位于第一主体部310一端的第一弹性弯折部320，第一主体部310沿第一方向A延伸，第一弹性弯折部320的延伸方向与第一方向A相交，第一弹性弯折部320能够向第一主体部310的延伸方向变形；第二信号线400位于第二腔体200内，第一腔体100和第二腔体200之间具有第一开孔110，第一腔体100和第二腔体200通过第一开孔110互相连通，第一弹性弯折部320在第二方向B上的长度大于第一腔体100在第二方向B上的长度，第二方向B与第一方向A相交，第一弹性弯折部320远离第一主体部310的一端穿过第一开孔110与第二信号线400连接。
其中第一信号线300和第二信号线400用于传输信号。第一弹性弯折部320的延伸方向与第一方向A相交，是指第一弹性弯折部320相较于第一主体部310朝向一侧弯折，在本实施中，第一弹性弯折部320相较于第一主体部310朝向第二腔体200弯折。在本实施方式中，第一弹性弯折部320的延伸方向与第一主体部310的延伸方向垂直，在一些实施方式中，第一弹性弯折部320的延伸方向与第一主体部310的延伸方向的夹角在60°至90°之间，在一些实施方式中，第一弹性弯折部320的延伸方向与第一主体部310的延伸方向的夹角在30°至60°之间。第一弹性弯折部320在第二方向B上的长度大于第一腔体100在第二方向B上的长度，使得将第一信号线300从第一腔体100的一端放入第一腔体100内时需要将第一弹性弯折部320向第一主体部310的延伸方向变形，也就是说第一弹性弯折部320是在压缩状态下被挤压在第一腔体100中，然后向第一腔体100持续推进，直到第一弹性弯折部320达到第一开孔110的位置，第一弹性弯折部320恢复原形，此时已经没有处于压缩状态，第一弹性弯折部320远离第一主体部310的一端穿过第一开孔110进而第二腔体200中。其中，第一开孔110设置在第一腔体100沿第二方向B上的侧壁上，至少部分第一腔体100和至少部分第二腔体200在第二方向B上具有并列设置，在本实施例中，第一腔体100和第二腔体200沿第二方向B并列且相邻设置。在本申请中，第一弹性弯折部320在第二方向B上的长度大于第一腔体100在第二方向B上的长度，也就是说第一腔体100在第二方向B上的长度可设置的较小，进而可节约空间和降低重量。
请参阅图4至图6b，其中图4是第一信号线300未装设在第一腔体100的结构示意图， 其中第一腔体100和第二腔体200均沿第一方向A延伸，第一腔体100和第二腔体200并列设置，第一弹性弯折部320沿第二方向B延伸，且在第二方向B的长度大于第一腔体100在第二方向B上的长度，第一腔体100包括沿第一方向A一端的第一开口102，第一开口102在第二方向B的长度小于第一弹性弯折部320在第二方向B的长度，当第一弹性弯折部320没有弹性时或者说第一弹性弯折部320不能向第一主体部310的延伸方向变形时，第一弹性弯折部320是不能够被通过第一开口102而放入第一腔体100的。如图5所示，而在本申请中，由于第一弹性弯折部320具有弹性，其能够向第一主体部310的延伸线变形，在将第一信号线300放入第一腔体100时，将第一弹性弯折部320向第一主体部310的延伸方向挤压，使得被压缩的第一弹性弯折部320在第二方向B上的长度小于或者等于第一腔体100在第二方向B上的长度，此时可将第一弹性弯折部320推入第一腔体100中，随后第一主体部310被推入第一腔体100中；如图6a所示，当第一弹性弯折部320远离第一主体部310的一端达到第一开孔110的位置时，由于第一开孔110处是自由无障碍的空间，第一弹性弯折部320远离第一主体部310的远端伸入第一开孔110中，第一弹性弯折部320恢复原形，恢复后的第一弹性弯折部320没有被压缩，此时第一弹性弯折部320在第二方向B上的长度大于第一腔体100在第二方向B上的长度，第一弹性弯折部320远离第一主体部310的一端通过第一开孔110伸入第二腔体200中(如图6b所示)，在没有外力作用第一弹性弯折部320的情况下，第一弹性弯折部320被限位在第一开孔110中，然后再将第一弹性弯折部320与第二信号线400连接，安装方便。
本申请提供的天线1的馈电结构10一方面通过在第一信号线300的一端设置可形变的第一弹性折弯部320，其在压缩状态下伸入第一腔体100中时，可使得第一腔体100在第二方向B上的长度设置的较小，进而可节约馈电结构10的空间和减轻重量；另一方面，当第一弹性弯折部320被推入第一开孔110处时，恢复形变的第一弹性弯折部320在被推至第一开孔110的位置时会被推入第一开孔110中，便于第一弹性弯折部320与第二信号线400安装连接。
在一种可能的实现方式中，第一主体部310与第一弹性弯折部320一体成型。请参阅图7，现有的第一腔体100和第二腔体200的两个信号线301时通过信号连接件101电连接的，将信号连接件101的两端分别第一腔体100和第二腔体200的两个信号线301焊接，具有两个焊接点O1和O2，焊接点越多，信号传输特性越差，且信号线的结构强度越差。而本实施方式中，第一弹性折弯部320可通过第一开孔110伸入第二腔体200中与第二信号线400连接，只需要将第一弹性弯折部320远离第一主体部310的一端与第二信号线400焊接，也就是说焊接点为一个，提升信号传输特性和结构强度。
请再次参阅图3，在一种可能的实现方式中，第一弹性弯折部320包括第一弯折子部321和第二弯折子部322，第一弯折子部321位于第二弯折子部322与第一信号线300之间，第一弯折子部321的延伸方向与第一方向A相交，第二弯折子部322与第二信号线400电连接。也就是说在本实施方式中，通过第一弯折子部321向第一主体部310的延伸方向变形。其中第二弯折子件322的延伸方向与第一弯折子部321的延伸方向可呈任意角度以适配第二腔体200中不同形状的第二信号线400或者不同位置腔体中的信号线，或者适配第二信号线400的不同位置部分或者不同平面部分，如图3、图8、图9和图10示出了四种 不同的实施方式。
请再次参阅图1和图3，在一种可能的实现方式中，第二弯折子部322的延伸方向与第二信号线400的延伸方向平行。其中第二信号线400的延伸方向是指第二信号线400的整体延伸方向。在本实施方式中，可提高第二弯折子部322与第二信号线400的接触面积，提高信号传输稳定性和结构强度。在本实施方式中，第二信号线400和第二弯折子部322的延伸方向为第一方向A。在一些实施方式中，第二弯折子部322的面积可设置的较大，以提高连接接触面积。
请参阅图10，在一种可能的实现方式中，第二信号线400包括连接部402，连接部402用于与第一信号线300连接，第二弯折子部322的延伸方向与连接部402的延伸方向平行。在本实施方式，第二弯折子部322的延伸方向可不与第二信号线400的延伸方向平行，但与连接部402的延伸方向平行。以提高信号连接位置的接触面积。在本实施方式中，第二弯折子部322的延伸方向与连接部402的延伸方向均为第四方向D，第四方向D与第一方向A具有夹角。
请再次参阅图3，在一种可能的实现方式中，第一弹性弯折部320上设有贯穿第一弹性弯折部320的连接孔323。连接孔323有利于在焊接时固定第一信号线300和第二信号线400的相对位置，例如可通过固定件穿过连接孔323，使得第一信号线300和第二信号线400相贴近，焊接时可避免第一信号线300和第二信号线400晃动。
请参阅图11和图12，在一种可能的实现方式中，第二信号线400包括第二主体部410和位于第二主体部410一端的第二弹性弯折部420，第二主体部410沿第三方向C延伸，第二弹性弯折部420的延伸方向与第三方向C相交，第二弹性弯折部420能够向第二主体部410的延伸方向变形，第一弹性弯折部320与第二弹性弯折部420通过第一开孔110互相连接。其中，第一信号线300和第二信号线400通过其各自的弹性弯折部连接以实现信号连接。在本实施方式中，第一腔体100和第二腔体200的延伸方向相同，第三方向C与第一方向A平行，或者说第一信号线300和第二信号线400的延伸方向平行，第二弹性弯折部420的延伸方向与第一弹性弯折部320的延伸方向平行，两者可叠加在一起，然后可通过焊接方式连接。在一些实施方式中，第三方向C与第一方向A可具有夹角。
请参阅图13，在一种可能的实现方式中，第二弹性弯折部420位于第二腔体200内，第一弹性弯折部320和第二弹性弯折部420的连接处位于第二腔体200内。在本实施方式中，第二信号线400全部位于第二腔体200内。在本实施方式中，可通过在第二腔体200的侧壁上开第一连接槽201，通过该第一连接槽201将第一弹性弯折部320和第二弹性弯折部420焊接在第二腔体200内，其中开槽的侧壁与第一开孔110所在的侧壁不同。如图13所示，第一连接槽201所在的侧壁与第一开孔110对应第二腔体200所在的侧壁邻接，通过第一连接槽201将第一弹性弯折部320和第二弹性弯折部420焊接在第二腔体200内。
请参阅图14，在一种可能的实现方式中，第二弹性弯折部420远离第二主体部410的一端穿过第一开孔110，第一弹性弯折部320和第二弹性弯折部420的连接处位于第一腔体100内。在本实施方式中，第二弹性弯折部420远离第二主体部410的一端位于第一腔体100内。在本实施方式中，可通过在第一腔体100的侧壁上开第二连接槽103，通过该第二连接槽103将第一弹性弯折部320和第二弹性弯折部420焊接在第一腔体100内。其 中第二连接槽103与第一开孔110所在的侧壁不同。如图14所示，第二连接槽103所在的侧壁与第一开孔110对应第一腔体100所在的侧壁邻接，通过第二连接槽103将第一弹性弯折部320和第二弹性弯折部420焊接在第一腔体100内。
请参阅图15，在一种可能的实现方式中，第二弹性弯折部420远离第二主体部410的一端穿过第一开孔110，第一弹性弯折部320和第二弹性弯折部420的连接处位于第一开孔110内。其中，第一开孔110开设在第一腔体100和第二腔体200之间共用的侧壁上或者第一腔体100和第二腔体200之间相邻的侧壁中。在本实施方式中，第一腔体100和第二腔体200之间共用的侧壁为公共侧壁403，公共侧壁403垂直于第一方向A和第二方向B所在的平面，公共侧壁403具有一定的厚度，第一开孔110的长度与公共侧壁403的厚度相同，其中第一开孔110的长度方向与第一弹性弯折部320的延伸方向相同，可通过在第一腔体100和第二腔体200通用的公共侧壁403上开设第三连接槽404，通过该第三连接槽404将第一弹性弯折部320和第二弹性弯折部420焊接在第一开孔110内。
请参阅图16至图18，在一种可能的实现方式中，馈电结构10还包括第三腔体500和第三信号线600，第三信号线600位于第三腔体500内，第三腔体500与第二腔体200并列设置在第一腔体100的一侧，第一腔体100和第三腔体500之间具有第二开孔120(如图17所示)，第一腔体100和第三腔体500通过第二开孔120互相连通，第一信号线300还包括位于第一主体部310一端的第三弹性弯折部330，第三弹性弯折部330在第二方向B上的长度大于第一腔体100在第二方向B上的长度，第三弹性弯折部330远离第一主体部310的一端穿过第二开孔120与第三信号线600连接。在本实施方式中，第三弹性弯折部330与第一弹性弯折部320位于第一主体部310的同一端(如图18所示)。也就是说第一信号线300的一端分别通过第一弹性弯折部320和第三弹性弯折部330同时连接第二信号线400和第三信号线600。
请参阅图17和图18，在一种可能的实现方式中，第二弯折子部322上设有贯穿第二弯折子部322的连接孔323，第二信号线400上设有凸部401(如图17所示)，凸部401穿过连接孔323中。在本实施方式中，连接孔323设置在第二弯折子件322上(如图18所示)，凸部401和连接孔323可用于在焊接第二弯折子部322和第二信号线400时，将两者固定在一起，以避免在焊接过程中第二弯折子部322和第二信号线400晃动而不利于焊接。
在一些实施方式中，馈电结构10还包括第三腔体500和第三信号线600，第三信号线600位于第三腔体500内，第三腔体500与第二腔体200并列设置在第一腔体100的一侧，第一腔体100和第三腔体500之间具有第二开孔120，第三信号线600包括第三主体部和位于第三主体部一端的第四弹性弯折部，第四弹性弯折部远离第三主体部的一端穿过第二开孔120与第一信号线300连接。也就是说，在本实施方式中，第三信号线600通过第四弹性弯折部与第一信号线300连接，第二信号线400通过第一弹性弯折部320与第一信号线300连接。
在本申请中，第一腔体100、第二腔体200和第三腔体500中还可以包括其他馈电结构中的功能单元，例如移相器、滤波单元、合路单元、功分单元或者辐射单元，本申请对此不做限制。其中第一腔体100、第二腔体200和第三腔体500可分别为馈电结构10中本身用于收容移相器、滤波单元、合路单元、功分单元或者辐射单元的腔体，也就是馈电结 构本身具有的腔体。本申请的馈电结构10中第一信号线300中的第一弹性弯折部320可适用任何需要连接两个腔体中的信号线的结构，适用于任何位置变形的两个腔体之间或者形状变形的两个腔体之间，当信号线和弹性弯折部具有多个时，可适用于多个腔体中的信号线连接。
在本申请中第一弹性弯折部320可以是由第一信号线300的一端弯折后形成，也就是说形成第一信号线300的材料具有一定的形变量并且可以传输射频信号。或者在第一主体部310的一端与具有形变能力的材料一体形成第一弹性弯折部320，其中形成第一弹性弯折部320的材料不仅具有一定的形变量还可以传输射频信号。同样的，第二弹性弯折部420可以是由第二信号线400的一端弯折后形成，形成第二信号线400的材料具有一定的形变量并且可以传输射频信号。或者在第二主体部410的一端与具有形变能力的材料一体形成第二弹性弯折部420，其中形成第二弹性弯折部420的材料不仅具有一定的形变量还可以传输射频信号。其中第一信号线300、第二信号线400和第三信号线600可为金属带线或者PCB板，其中金属带线可为钣金带线。
其中第一开孔110的位置可根据第一信号线300和第二信号线400实际需要连接的位置来设置，在本实施例中，是设置在第一腔体100和第二腔体200公共侧壁上，在一些实施方式中，也可以设置在第一腔体100和第二腔体200对应的位置上分别设置一个开孔，第一弹性弯折部320可穿过第一腔体100和第二腔体200对应的开孔。本申请中的第一腔体100、第二腔体200和第三腔体500可以为型材腔体或者塑料电镀腔体。
请参阅图19，本申请一实施方式提供一种天线1，天线1包括如上述任一项实施方式中的馈电结构10。天线1还包括反射板20和天线罩30，馈电结构10位于反射板20和天线罩30之间。在本实施方式中，馈电结构10为天线1中馈电网络的一部分，其中馈电网络还包括移相功分单元和辐射单元等。反射板20用于反射信号，提高天线1发射或接收信号的灵敏度，把信号反射聚集在天线1的接收点上，不但大大增强了天线1的接收或发射能力，还起到阻挡或者屏蔽来自反射板20后背侧的其它电波对信号的干扰作用，反射板20的材质可为金属。天线罩30具有良好的电磁波穿透特性，能够经受外部恶劣环境保护天线1免受外部环境影响。在一些实施方式中，第一腔体100和第二腔体200的其中一个侧壁用于作为反射板20，或者第一腔体100、第二腔体200和第三腔体500的其中一个侧壁用于作为反射板20。
请参阅图20，本申请一实施方式还提供一种通讯设备2，包括如上述任一项实施方式中的天线1，天线1可为多个，多个天线1阵列分布，每个天线1中具有馈电网络，且每个天线1中的馈电网络可对应不同的频段，天线1中相同频段对应的辐射方向不同，其中馈电网络包括如上面实施方式中的馈电结构10。
在一些实施方式中，该通讯设备2还包括：射频处理单元3和基带处理单元4。基带处理单元4通过射频处理单元3与天线1中的馈电结构10连接；天线1用于将接收到的无线信号传输给射频处理单元3，或者将射频处理单元3的发射信号转换为电磁波，发送出去。射频处理单元3电连接至天线1中的馈电结构10。射频处理单元3用于对天线1接收到的无线信号进行选频、放大、下变频处理，并将其转换成中频信号或基带信号发送给基带处理单元4，或者，用于将基带处理单元4发送的基带信号或中频信号经过上变频、放 大，通过天线发送出去。基带处理单元4用于对射频处理单元3发送的中频信号或基带信号进行处理。
在一实施方式中，射频处理单元3与天线1一体设置，天线1被安装在抱杆5或者铁塔上，射频处理单元3与天线1一体设置，基带处理单元4位于天线1的远端，且与射频处理单元3通过电缆线6连接。在一些实施方式中，射频处理单元3可与基带处理单元4同时位于天线2的远端。
以上所述，仅为本发明的具体实施方式，但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到变化或替换，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。因此，本发明的保护范围应以所述权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (12)

  1. 一种天线的馈电结构，其特征在于，包括第一腔体、第二腔体、第一信号线以及第二信号线，所述第一信号线位于所述第一腔体内，所述第一信号线包括第一主体部和位于所述第一主体部一端的第一弹性折弯部，所述第一主体部沿第一方向延伸，所述第一弹性弯折部的延伸方向与所述第一方向相交，所述第一弹性弯折部能够向所述第一主体部的延伸方向变形；所述第二信号线位于所述第二腔体内，所述第一腔体和所述第二腔体之间具有第一开孔，所述第一腔体和所述第二腔体通过所述第一开孔互相连通，所述第一弹性弯折部在第二方向上的长度大于所述第一腔体在第二方向上的长度，所述第二方向与所述第一方向相交，所述第一弹性弯折部远离所述第一主体部的一端穿过所述第一开孔与所述第二信号线连接。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的馈电结构，其特征在于，所述第一主体部与所述第一弹性弯折部一体成型。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的馈电结构，其特征在于，所述第一弹性弯折部包括第一弯折子部和第二弯折子部，所述第一弯折子部位于所述第二弯折子部与所述第一信号线之间，所述第一弯折子部的延伸方向与所述第一方向相交，所述第二弯折子部与所述第二信号线电连接。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的馈电结构，其特征在于，所述第二弯折子部的延伸方向与所述第二信号线的延伸方向平行。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的馈电结构，其特征在于，所述第一弹性弯折部上设有贯穿所述第一弹性弯折部的连接孔，所述第二信号线上设有凸部，所述凸部穿过所述连接孔中。
  6. 根据权利要求1-5任一项所述的馈电结构，其特征在于，所述第二信号线包括第二主体部和位于所述第二主体部一端的第二弹性弯折部，所述第二主体部沿第三方向延伸，所述第二弹性弯折部的延伸方向与所述第三方向相交，所述第二弹性弯折部能够向所述第二主体部的延伸方向变形，所述第一弹性弯折部与所述第二弹性弯折部通过所述第一开孔互相连接。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的馈电结构，其特征在于，所述第二弹性弯折部位于所述第二腔体内，所述第一弹性弯折部和所述第二弹性弯折部的连接处位于所述第二腔体内。
  8. 根据权利要求6所述的馈电结构，其特征在于，所述第二弹性弯折部远离所述第二主体部的一端穿过所述第一开孔，所述第一弹性弯折部和所述第二弹性弯折部的连接处位于所述第一腔体内。
  9. 根据权利要求6所述的馈电结构，其特征在于，所述第二弹性弯折部远离所述第二主体部的一端穿过所述第一开孔，所述第一弹性弯折部和所述第二弹性弯折部的连接处位于所述第一开孔内。
  10. 根据权利要求1-9任一项所述的馈电结构，其特征在于，所述馈电结构还包括第三腔体和第三信号线，所述第三信号线位于所述第三腔体内，所述第三腔体与所述第二腔体并列设置在所述第一腔体的一侧，所述第一腔体和所述第三腔体之间具有第二开孔，所述第一腔体和所述第三腔体通过所述第二开孔互相连通，所述第一信号线还包括位于所述第一主体部一端的第三弹性弯折部，所述第三弹性弯折部在第二方向的长度大于所述第一腔体在第二方向的长度，所述第三弹性弯折部远离所述第一主体部的一端穿过所述第二开孔与所述第三信号连接。
  11. 一种天线，其特征在于，所述天线包括如权利要求1-10任一项所述的馈电结构。
  12. 一种通讯设备，其特征在于，所述通讯设备包括射频处理单元和如权利要求11所述的天线，所述射频处理单元电连接至所述天线中的馈电结构。
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