WO2022127462A1 - Ipt系统抗偏移参数优化方法、系统及计算机设备 - Google Patents

Ipt系统抗偏移参数优化方法、系统及计算机设备 Download PDF

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WO2022127462A1
WO2022127462A1 PCT/CN2021/130460 CN2021130460W WO2022127462A1 WO 2022127462 A1 WO2022127462 A1 WO 2022127462A1 CN 2021130460 W CN2021130460 W CN 2021130460W WO 2022127462 A1 WO2022127462 A1 WO 2022127462A1
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programming model
parameters
nonlinear programming
genetic algorithm
interval
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French (fr)
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蔡进
吴旭升
孙盼
孙军
王蕾
张筱琛
熊乔
谢海浪
梁彦
仇雪颖
宋忻怡
徐建超
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中国人民解放军海军工程大学
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F30/00Computer-aided design [CAD]
    • G06F30/20Design optimisation, verification or simulation
    • G06F30/27Design optimisation, verification or simulation using machine learning, e.g. artificial intelligence, neural networks, support vector machines [SVM] or training a model
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06NCOMPUTING ARRANGEMENTS BASED ON SPECIFIC COMPUTATIONAL MODELS
    • G06N3/00Computing arrangements based on biological models
    • G06N3/12Computing arrangements based on biological models using genetic models
    • G06N3/126Evolutionary algorithms, e.g. genetic algorithms or genetic programming
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F2111/00Details relating to CAD techniques
    • G06F2111/04Constraint-based CAD
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F2111/00Details relating to CAD techniques
    • G06F2111/10Numerical modelling
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F2113/00Details relating to the application field
    • G06F2113/04Power grid distribution networks

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  • the invention belongs to the technical field of electric energy transmission, and more particularly, relates to an anti-offset parameter optimization method, system and computer equipment of an IPT system based on a genetic algorithm.
  • IPT Inductive Power Transfer
  • the IPT system usually needs to keep the precise alignment of the lateral and longitudinal positions of the receiving coil and the transmitting coil in order to obtain high transmission power and transmission efficiency.
  • the relative positions of the transceiver coils are difficult to fix, which makes the output voltage of the system fluctuate greatly, and may cause the system to lose soft switching conditions. , reducing the efficiency of the system and causing greater electromagnetic interference.
  • the wireless charging system of unmanned equipment such as unmanned aerial vehicles and unmanned ships, there will also be a higher frequency of displacement between the receiving coil and the transmitting coil, which makes the system stability more difficult to achieve.
  • the research on the stable output of the anti-offset IPT system mainly includes two categories: one is the method of dynamic adjustment, including adjusting the operating frequency of the system, phase-shift control of the high-frequency inverter at the transmitting end, and the high-frequency inverter at the transmitting end.
  • the DC/DC link is cascaded; the second is to optimize the inherent parameters of the system, such as optimizing the magnetic circuit structure, optimizing the coil structure, optimizing the system compensation parameters, and optimizing the topology structure.
  • dynamic adjustment will inevitably introduce detection devices, communication devices, and increase of DC/DC converter devices, etc., which will increase the complexity of the system and increase the cost of the system.
  • dynamic adjustment is suitable for applications where the speed of disturbance changes is slow.
  • the dynamic compensation speed satisfies the demand.
  • the DDQ coil with bipolarity has been deeply studied.
  • the DDQ coil has complementary characteristics during the offset process, so that the magnetic field distribution is relatively uniform, but the effect is not good in some directions.
  • the sensitivity of the system output voltage to the mutual inductance is reduced by controlling the primary side circuit and the secondary side circuit of the system to maintain a certain detuning rate, but the enumeration method is used to obtain the optimization of the system. parameters, this method is difficult to obtain the optimal parameters of the system.
  • a hybrid topology is adopted, and the complementary characteristics of the LCC-S topology and the S-LCC topology can reduce the influence of the coupler offset to a certain extent, but it only affects the Z of the coupler. Offsets in the axis direction and the Y-axis direction are valid, while offsets on the X-axis will have a large deviation.
  • the present invention provides a method, system and computer equipment for optimizing the anti-migration parameters of an IPT system based on a genetic algorithm.
  • a genetic algorithm-based method for optimizing the anti-offset parameters of an IPT system comprising the steps of:
  • the nonlinear programming model of the system parameters is constructed.
  • the optimization objective of the nonlinear programming model is to minimize the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the system voltage gain.
  • the constraints of the nonlinear programming model include the mutual inductance interval and the load interval;
  • the fitness function of the genetic algorithm is constructed based on the nonlinear programming model, and the genetic algorithm is used to solve the nonlinear programming model to obtain the first global optimal solution of the system parameters;
  • the first global optimal solution is substituted into the nonlinear programming model of the system parameters as the initial point, and the second global optimal solution of the system parameters is obtained through the nonlinear optimization method.
  • the use of a genetic algorithm to solve the nonlinear programming model includes the steps of:
  • the fitness function satisfies: the fitness of the system parameter individuals satisfying the constraints of the nonlinear programming model is greater than the fitness of the system parameter individuals not satisfying the constraints of the nonlinear programming model.
  • the IPT system is an S-LCC type IPT system.
  • the S-LCC type IPT system includes an S-LCC type compensation network
  • the S-LCC type compensation network includes a coupling coil, a capacitance C P , a capacitance C S , a capacitance C 2 and an inductance L 2 , and the capacitance C P and the coupling
  • the primary side of the coil is connected in series
  • the secondary side of the coupling coil, the capacitor C S and the inductance L 2 are connected in series in sequence
  • the circuit composed of the secondary side of the coupling coil and the capacitor C S is connected in parallel with the capacitor C 2
  • the inductance of the primary side of the coupling coil is L P
  • the secondary side inductance is L S
  • the capacitance C P , the capacitance C S , the capacitance C 2 , the inductance L 2 and the coil inductances L P and L S form a resonant cavity.
  • the nonlinear programming model is:
  • C 2 , ⁇ and ⁇ are system parameters
  • FG is the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the system voltage gain
  • M min and M max are the minimum and maximum values of the mutual inductance interval parameters, respectively
  • M ep is Mutual inductance at the maximum system voltage gain
  • Rmin is the minimum value of the system load resistance Req
  • represents the system voltage gain
  • is the lower limit of the system voltage gain
  • Represents the system voltage gain when the system mutual inductance is Mmin and the system load resistance is Rmin
  • represents the system voltage gain when the system mutual inductance is Mmax and the system load resistance is Rmin
  • st indicates that the conditions are met.
  • the fitness function is H G :
  • F 0 is a given constant
  • w n is a predetermined positive number
  • g n is shown in the following formula:
  • a genetic algorithm-based IPT system anti-migration parameter optimization system including:
  • the setting module is used to predefine the mutual inductance interval and load interval of the system, and encode the system parameters;
  • the model building module is used to construct the nonlinear programming model of the system parameters.
  • the optimization objective of the nonlinear programming model is to minimize the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the system voltage gain.
  • the constraints of the nonlinear programming model include the mutual inductance interval and the load interval;
  • the genetic algorithm solving module is used to construct the fitness function of the genetic algorithm based on the nonlinear programming model, and use the genetic algorithm to solve the nonlinear programming model to obtain the first global optimal solution of the system parameters;
  • the nonlinear optimization module is used to substitute the first global optimal solution as an initial point into the nonlinear programming model of the system parameters, and obtain the second global optimal solution of the system parameters through the nonlinear optimization method.
  • a computer device includes a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and the processor implements the steps of any one of the methods described above when the processor executes the computer program.
  • the present invention proposes a new parameter optimization design method for improving the anti-migration capability of the IPT system.
  • a nonlinear programming model with the voltage gain difference as the objective function
  • a nonlinear programming method combined with genetic algorithm to obtain the optimal solution of the model
  • the system parameters are realized in any given mutual inductance interval and load interval.
  • the optimization of the design reduces the output fluctuation of the system when the coupler is offset. From the perspective of parameter optimization, the anti-offset characteristics of the system output are improved, and there is no need to add additional detection devices, communication devices, etc., which saves system costs and increases reliability.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an IPT system working principle diagram according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • Fig. 2 is the S-LCC-IPT circuit topology structure diagram of the embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is an equivalent circuit diagram of an S-LCC-IPT system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic flowchart of a genetic algorithm according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 5 is the variation trend diagram of output average fitness and population maximum fitness according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a graph showing the variation of voltage gain with mutual inductance under optimal parameters of an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 8 is the variation diagram of the efficiency of the system with the mutual inductance under the optimal parameter of the embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 9 is the variation diagram of the output impedance angle of the system with the mutual inductance under the optimal parameter of the embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 is a change trend diagram of output average fitness and population maximum fitness according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 11 is a graph showing the variation of voltage gain with mutual inductance under optimal parameters of another embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 12 is a change trend diagram of output average fitness and population maximum fitness of another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 13 is a graph showing the variation of voltage gain with mutual inductance under optimal parameters according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • the embodiment of the present invention proposes an anti-offset parameter optimization method for the IPT system based on a genetic algorithm, and establishes a voltage-based optimization method.
  • the gain difference is a nonlinear programming model of the objective function.
  • a solution method combining Genetic Algorithm (GA) and nonlinear programming is proposed.
  • GA Genetic Algorithm
  • an appropriate fitness function is also established by introducing a penalty function, so that the genetic algorithm can quickly converge.
  • the optimal solution is used as the initial point to solve the nonlinear programming model, and the global optimal solution of the system is obtained by nonlinear optimization of the fmincon function.
  • a method for optimizing anti-migration parameters of an IPT system based on a genetic algorithm is characterized by comprising the steps of: S1, predefining the mutual inductance interval and load interval of the system, and coding the system parameters; S2, constructing the system parameters
  • the optimization objective of the nonlinear programming model is to minimize the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the system voltage gain, and the constraints of the nonlinear programming model include the mutual inductance interval and the load interval;
  • the genetic algorithm is used to solve the nonlinear programming model, and the first global optimal solution of the system parameters is obtained;
  • S4 the first global optimal solution is substituted into the nonlinear programming model of the system parameters as the initial point, and the The nonlinear optimization method obtains the second global optimal solution of the system parameters.
  • An anti-offset parameter optimization method for an IPT system based on a genetic algorithm can be applied to various forms of IPT systems, such as S-LCC type compensation network structure, SS type compensation structure, LCC/S type compensation structure and Bilateral LCC type compensation structure, etc.
  • S-LCC is the compensation topology of the circuit, which refers to the compensation topology in which the primary side is compensated by capacitor series resonance, and the secondary side is compensated by capacitor-inductor-capacitor.
  • nonlinear programming model can be realized in the following preferred implementation manners.
  • the topological structure of the voltage-type full-bridge high-frequency inverter is used in the input-side inverter power supply in the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 2 .
  • the input side is the DC power supply V dc ;
  • the four power MOSFET tubes include switch tubes Q 1 to Q 4 , body diodes and parasitic capacitances to form the full-bridge inverter part; are the output voltage and output current of the full-bridge inverter circuit, respectively;
  • the S-LCC compensation network C P , C S , C 2 , L 2 and the coil inductances L P and L S form a resonant cavity;
  • the secondary side high-frequency alternating current passes through
  • the S-LCC compensation network includes a coupling coil, a capacitor C P , a capacitor C S , a capacitor C 2 and an inductance L 2 .
  • the capacitor C P is connected in series with the primary side of the coupling coil, and the secondary side of the coupling coil, the capacitor C S and the inductance L 2 are in sequence.
  • the circuit composed of the secondary side of the coupling coil and the capacitor C S is connected in parallel with the capacitor C 2 , the inductance of the primary side of the coupling coil is L P , the inductance of the secondary side of the coupling coil is L S , the capacitor C P , the capacitor C S , and the capacitor C 2 , the inductance L 2 and the coil inductances LP and LS form a resonant cavity.
  • k is called the coupling coefficient, which is affected by the parameters of the coil itself and the relative position between the coils.
  • Equation (8) very intuitively reflects that the voltage gain of the S-LCC-IPT system is inversely proportional to the mutual inductance, so when the mutual inductance increases, the voltage gain will decrease monotonically, and the sensitivity of the voltage gain to the mutual inductance parameter is related to the inductance parameter L2 , although the sensitivity of the system voltage gain to the mutual inductance parameter can be reduced to a certain extent by reducing the parameter L 2 , the anti-offset capability of the system is still weak.
  • Z 11 , Z 22 , Z 33 , and Z 12 can be expressed as
  • the parameters ⁇ and ⁇ determine the degree of detuning of the system.
  • the system satisfies the resonance condition; when ⁇ and ⁇ are not equal to 0, the system is in a non-resonant state.
  • formula (11) can be derived from the mutual inductance to obtain
  • Equation (12) the extreme point of the voltage gain can be obtained as
  • the voltage gain is the maximum value at the extreme point. In the vicinity of the extreme point, the voltage gain changes relatively gently, so it can be considered to set the extreme point of the voltage gain within a given mutual inductance interval.
  • Equation (11) In order to analyze the influence of load fluctuation on the voltage gain, Equation (11) can be obtained by changing
  • the output of the system is required to be as stable as possible, that is, the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the system voltage gain is minimized.
  • the maximum value of the system voltage gain should be
  • the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the system voltage gain can be defined as
  • the system impedance needs to be inductive.
  • the ratio of inverter output voltage to current as the equivalent output impedance of the primary side. From equations (4) and (5), the equivalent output impedance of the primary side can be obtained as
  • nonlinear programming model can be realized in the following preferred implementation manners.
  • an embodiment of the present invention proposes a nonlinear programming model solving method combined with a genetic algorithm.
  • a rough global optimal solution is obtained by genetic algorithm, and then the optimal solution is used as the initial point to further use the fmincon function to optimize to obtain a precise global optimal solution.
  • GA is a global optimization algorithm inspired by the idea of biological evolution, and it is a random search algorithm. By encoding the variable parameters, and randomly generating the initial population; determining the appropriate fitness function according to the objective function, then selecting excellent individuals according to the fitness size for genetic manipulation; finally, according to the genetic law of survival of the fittest, the offspring are continuously updated to obtain the problem Optimal solution.
  • the specific operation of solving the nonlinear programming model in combination with the genetic algorithm in the embodiment of the present invention is as follows:
  • the parameter variables C 2 , ⁇ and ⁇ are coded using binary rules, and the population number N and the reproduction algebra Q are set. Suppose the population number is set to 200 and the reproduction generation is 30.
  • w n is a large positive number given in advance
  • g n is shown in the following formula:
  • H Gi is the size of the fitness corresponding to the individual. It can be seen from the above formula that the individual with higher fitness in the original population has a higher probability of being selected.
  • the embodiment of the present invention selects a load interval of 20 ⁇ -25 ⁇ and a mutual inductance interval of 29.4 ⁇ H to 58.8 ⁇ H as examples
  • the optimization algorithm proposed by the embodiment of the present invention is valid for any load interval and mutual inductance interval. Therefore, the load interval and the mutual inductance interval can be determined according to the actual situation of the battery and the actual situation of the offset of the coupler, and then the optimal parameter design can be obtained by the method of the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the method proposed in the embodiment of the present invention is suitable for any given load interval and mutual inductance interval, and can be optimized to obtain the best parameters, and has universality and versatility.
  • the setting module is used to predefine the mutual inductance interval and load interval of the system, and encode the system parameters;
  • the model building module is used to construct the nonlinear programming model of the system parameters.
  • the optimization objective of the nonlinear programming model is to minimize the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the system voltage gain.
  • the constraints of the nonlinear programming model include the mutual inductance interval and the load interval;
  • the genetic algorithm solving module is used to construct the fitness function of the genetic algorithm based on the nonlinear programming model, and use the genetic algorithm to solve the nonlinear programming model to obtain the first global optimal solution of the system parameters;
  • the nonlinear optimization module is used to substitute the first global optimal solution as an initial point into the nonlinear programming model of the system parameters, and obtain the second global optimal solution of the system parameters through the nonlinear optimization method.
  • This embodiment also provides a computer device, which includes at least one processor and at least one memory, wherein a computer program is stored in the memory, and when the computer program is executed by the processor, the processor is made to execute the embodiment of the parameter optimization method
  • the types of the processor and the memory are not specifically limited, for example: the processor may be a microprocessor, a digital information processor, an on-chip programmable logic system, etc.; the memory may be an easy-to-use volatile memory, non-volatile memory, or a combination thereof, etc.
  • the methods are not necessarily executed in sequence, and as long as it cannot be inferred from the execution logic that the methods must be executed in a certain order, it means that the methods can be executed in any other possible order.

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Abstract

本发明公开了一种基于遗传算法的IPT系统抗偏移参数优化方法、系统及计算机设备。该方法包括步骤:预定义系统的互感区间和负载区间,对系统参数进行编码;构建系统参数的非线性规划模型,非线性规划模型的优化目标为系统电压增益最大值和最小值的差值最小,非线性规划模型的约束条件包括互感区间和负载区间;基于非线性规划模型构建遗传算法的适应度函数,采用遗传算法对非线性规划模型进行求解,获取系统参数的第一全局最优解;将第一全局最优解作为初始点代入系统参数的非线性规划模型,通过非线性寻优方法得到系统参数的第二全局最优解。本发明实现了在任意给定互感区间和负载区间上,系统参数设计的最优化。

Description

IPT系统抗偏移参数优化方法、系统及计算机设备 【技术领域】
本发明属于电能传输技术领域,更具体地,涉及一种基于遗传算法的IPT系统抗偏移参数优化方法、系统及计算机设备。
【背景技术】
感应式电能传输(Inductive Power Transfer,IPT)技术由于具有传输功率大、传输效率高且无需物理连接等优势,因此在物料搬运、电动汽车、电子设备、医疗设备以及水下环境等领域得到了广泛应用。为了保证IPT系统获得较高的传输效率和传输功率,会对系统的原边和副边进行谐振补偿,典型的IPT系统工作原理图如图1所示。
IPT系统通常需要保持接收线圈和发射线圈的横向位置和纵向位置精确对准,才能获得较高的传输功率和传输效率。然而,在一些工作场合例如动态充电,或者存在外界环境扰动情况下例如应用在水下环境时,收发线圈的相对位置难以固定,使得系统的输出电压波动较大,并可能造成系统失去软开关条件,降低系统的效率并引起较大的电磁干扰。在无人机、无人船等无人化装备无线充电系统中,接收线圈和发射线圈之间还会存在较高频次的位移,使得系统稳定性更加难以实现。
目前针对抗偏移IPT系统稳定输出的研究主要包括两类:一是通过动态调节的方法,包括调节系统工作频率、对发射端高频逆变器移相控制以及在发射端高频逆变器之前或者在接收端整流滤波之后级联DC/DC环节;二是通过优化系统的固有参数,例如优化磁路结构、优化线圈结构、优化系统补偿参数以及优化拓扑结构等。
但是,动态调节不可避免地会引入检测装置、通信装置以及增加DC/DC变换器装置等等,使得系统复杂度增加,系统的成本也会增加,同时动态调节适用于扰动变化速度较慢的场合,对于无人机悬浮无线充电、无人船岸基无线充 电等较高频次的扰动来说,动态补偿速度满意满足需求。
一现有技术中,对具有双极性的DDQ线圈进行了深入研究,DDQ线圈在偏移过程中具有互补特性,使得磁场分布较为均匀,但是在某些方向上效果不佳。另一现有技术中,针对串联补偿拓扑电路通过控制系统的原边电路和副边电路保持一定的失谐率来降低系统输出电压对互感的敏感度,但是采用枚举法来获得系统的优化参数,该方法难以获得系统的最优参数。另一现有技术中,采用一种混合拓扑结构,利用LCC-S拓扑和S-LCC拓扑的互补特性能够一定程度上减小耦合器偏移带来的影响,但是它仅对耦合器的Z轴方向和Y轴方向的偏移有效,而对X轴上的偏移会产生较大偏差。
【发明内容】
针对现有技术的至少一个缺陷或改进需求,本发明提供了一种基于遗传算法的IPT系统抗偏移参数优化方法、系统及计算机设备。
为实现上述目的,按照本发明的第一方面,提供了一种基于遗传算法的IPT系统抗偏移参数优化方法,包括步骤:
预定义系统的互感区间和负载区间,对系统参数进行编码;
构建系统参数的非线性规划模型,非线性规划模型的优化目标为系统电压增益最大值和最小值的差值最小,非线性规划模型的约束条件包括互感区间和负载区间;
基于非线性规划模型构建遗传算法的适应度函数,采用遗传算法对非线性规划模型进行求解,获取系统参数的第一全局最优解;
将第一全局最优解作为初始点代入系统参数的非线性规划模型,通过非线性寻优方法得到系统参数的第二全局最优解。
优选的,所述采用遗传算法对非线性规划模型进行求解包括步骤:
(1)设置系统参数的种群数目N和繁衍代数Q;
(2)利用RAND函数产生系统参数的初始种群,初始种群中的系统参数个体数量为N;
(3)通过非线性规划模型的约束条件对初始种群进行检验并更新,获得优 化初始种群;
(4)获取适应度函数;
(5)根据适应度函数计算优化初始种群中的系统参数个体的适应度,根据系统参数个体的适应度在优化初始种群中选择系统参数个体;
(6)将步骤(5)选择的系统参数个体进行交叉和变异,获得新的系统参数种群;
(7)将新的系统参数种群替代优化初始种群,重复执行步骤(5)~(6),直至迭代到第Q代,获得系统参数的第一全局最优解。
优选的,适应度函数满足:满足非线性规划模型约束条件的系统参数个体的适应度比不满足非线性规划模型约束条件的系统参数个体的适应度大。
优选的,所述IPT系统为S-LCC型IPT系统。
优选的,所述S-LCC型IPT系统包括S-LCC型补偿网络,S-LCC型补偿网络包括耦合线圈、电容C P、电容C S、电容C 2和电感L 2,电容C P与耦合线圈初级侧串联,耦合线圈次级侧、电容C S和电感L 2依次串联,耦合线圈次级侧和电容C S组成的电路与电容C 2并联,耦合线圈初级侧电感为L P,耦合线圈次级侧电感为L S,电容C P、电容C S、电容C 2、电感L 2与线圈电感L P、L S构成谐振腔。
优选的,所述非线性规划模型为:
Figure PCTCN2021130460-appb-000001
其中,C 2、α和β为系统参数,F G为系统电压增益的最大值与最小值之间的差值,M min、M max分别为互感区间参数的最小值和最大值,M ep为系统电压增益最大值时的互感,Rmin为系统负载电阻Req的最小值,|G V|表示系统电压增益,|G V0|为系统电压增益的下限,|G V(M min,R min)|表示系统互感为Mmin、系统负载电阻为Rmin时的系统电压增益,|G V(M max,R min)|表示系统互感为Mmax、系统负载电阻为Rmin时的系统电压增益,s.t表示满足条件。
优选的,|G V0|的计算公式为:
谐振条件下,
Figure PCTCN2021130460-appb-000002
非谐振条件下,
Figure PCTCN2021130460-appb-000003
其中,1/ωC 2=X 0
Figure PCTCN2021130460-appb-000004
优选的,所述适应度函数为H G
Figure PCTCN2021130460-appb-000005
其中,F 0为一给定常数,w n为预先给定的正数,g n如下式所示:
Figure PCTCN2021130460-appb-000006
按照本发明的第二方面,提供了一种基于遗传算法的IPT系统抗偏移参数优化系统,包括:
设置模块,用于预定义系统的互感区间和负载区间,并对系统参数进行编码;
模型构建模块,用于构建系统参数的非线性规划模型,非线性规划模型的优化目标为系统电压增益最大值和最小值的差值最小,非线性规划模型的约束条件包括互感区间和负载区间;
遗传算法求解模块,用于基于非线性规划模型构建遗传算法的适应度函数,采用遗传算法对非线性规划模型进行求解,获取系统参数的第一全局最优解;
非线性寻优模块,用于将第一全局最优解作为初始点代入系统参数的非线性规划模型,通过非线性寻优方法得到系统参数的第二全局最优解。
按照本发明的第三方面,一种计算机设备,包括存储器和处理器,所述存储器存储有计算机程序,所述处理器执行所述计算机程序时实现上述任一项所述的方法的步骤。
总体而言,本发明提出了一种新的参数优化设计方法用于提高IPT系统的抗偏移能力。通过建立以电压增益差值为目标函数的非线性规划模型,并提出 结合遗传算法的非线性规划方法来求出模型的最优解,实现了在任意给定互感区间和负载区间上,系统参数设计的最优化,降低了耦合器偏移时系统的输出波动。从参数优化层面提高了系统输出抗偏移的特性,无需增加额外的检测装置、通信装置等,节约了系统成本,可靠性也更高。
【附图说明】
图1是本发明实施例的IPT系统工作原理图示意图;
图2是本发明实施例的S-LCC-IPT电路拓扑结构图;
图3是本发明实施例的S-LCC-IPT系统等效电路图;
图4是本发明实施例的遗传算法流程示意图;
图5是本发明实施例的输出平均适应度和种群最大适应度的变化趋势图;
图6是本发明实施例的最优参数下电压增益随互感变化图;
图7是本发明实施例的谐振参数下电压增益随互感变化图;
图8是本发明实施例的最优参数下系统的效率随互感的变化图;
图9是本发明实施例的最优参数下系统的输出阻抗角随互感的变化图;
图10是本发明另一实施例的输出平均适应度和种群最大适应度的变化趋势图;
图11是本发明另一实施例的最优参数下电压增益随互感变化图;
图12是本发明另一实施例的输出平均适应度和种群最大适应度的变化趋势图;
图13是本发明另一实施例的最优参数下电压增益随互感变化图。
【具体实施方式】
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白,以下结合附图及实施例,对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解,此处所描述的具体实施例仅用以解释本发明,并不用于限定本发明。此外,下面所描述的本发明各个实施方式中所涉及到的技术特征只要彼此之间未构成冲突就可以相互组合。
为了提高动态条件下无线供电系统的IPT系统在三维方向偏移以及负载变化时输出电压的稳定性,本发明实施例提出一种基于遗传算法的IPT系统抗偏 移参数优化方法,建立了以电压增益差值为目标函数的非线性规划模型。为了求解该模型,提出了结合遗传算法(Genetic algorithm,GA)和非线性规划的求解方法。优选的,还通过引入罚函数建立了合适的适应度函数,使得遗传算法能够快速收敛。然后以该优化解作为求解非线性规划模型的初始点,通过fmincon函数非线性寻优得到系统的全局最优解。
本发明实施例的一种基于遗传算法的IPT系统抗偏移参数优化方法,其特征在于,包括步骤:S1,预定义系统的互感区间和负载区间,对系统参数进行编码;S2,构建系统参数的非线性规划模型,非线性规划模型的优化目标为系统电压增益最大值和最小值的差值最小,非线性规划模型的约束条件包括互感区间和负载区间;S3,基于非线性规划模型构建遗传算法的适应度函数,采用遗传算法对非线性规划模型进行求解,获取系统参数的第一全局最优解;S4,将第一全局最优解作为初始点代入系统参数的非线性规划模型,通过非线性寻优方法得到系统参数的第二全局最优解。
本发明实施例的一种基于遗传算法的IPT系统抗偏移参数优化方法可以适用于各种形态的IPT系统,例如S-LCC型补偿网络结构、SS型补偿结构、LCC/S型补偿结构以及双边LCC型补偿结构等。
以下以IPT系统为S-LCC型补偿网络的IPT系统作为示例说明。S-LCC是电路的补偿拓扑结构,是指初级侧通过电容串联谐振补偿,次级侧通过电容-电感-电容补偿的补偿拓扑结构。
构建非线性规划模型可采用以下优选的实现方式实现。
(1)S-LCC补偿拓扑电压增益分析
本发明实施例输入端逆变电源采用的是电压型全桥高频逆变器拓扑结构如图2所示。图中,输入侧为直流电源V dc;四个功率MOSFET管包括开关管Q 1~Q 4、体二极管和寄生电容构成全桥逆变部分;
Figure PCTCN2021130460-appb-000007
分别为全桥逆变电路的输出电压和输出电流;S-LCC型补偿网络C P、C S、C 2、L 2与线圈电感 L P、L S构成谐振腔;次级侧高频交流电通过整流电路输出直流至负载侧,R L为负载;Req=8R L2为负载电阻与全桥式整流器的等效电阻值。
S-LCC型补偿网络包括耦合线圈、电容C P、电容C S、电容C 2和电感L 2,电容C P与耦合线圈初级侧串联,耦合线圈次级侧、电容C S和电感L 2依次串联,耦合线圈次级侧和电容C S组成的电路与电容C 2并联,耦合线圈初级侧电感为L P,耦合线圈次级侧电感为L S,电容C P、电容C S、电容C 2、电感L 2与线圈电感L P、L S构成谐振腔。
考虑耦合线圈能量传输特点,采用基波分析电路模型,可将图2的系统结构进行简化可得到如图3所示的S-LCC-IPT系统等效电路图。R p、R s分别为初级侧和次级侧的线圈等效内阻,M为初次级线圈之间的互感,与线圈自感满足
Figure PCTCN2021130460-appb-000008
其中,k称为耦合系数,受线圈本身的参数以及线圈之间的相对位置影响。
图3中,
Figure PCTCN2021130460-appb-000009
分别为对应的网孔电流,各个元件阻抗值分别为
Figure PCTCN2021130460-appb-000010
Figure PCTCN2021130460-appb-000011
定义Z PS=jωM为互阻抗。根据基尔霍夫电压定律可以列写对应的电压方程为
Figure PCTCN2021130460-appb-000012
记作矩阵形式则为
Figure PCTCN2021130460-appb-000013
其中,
Figure PCTCN2021130460-appb-000014
Z 12=Z 21=-Z PS
Figure PCTCN2021130460-appb-000015
Z 13=Z 31=0、
Figure PCTCN2021130460-appb-000016
为了简化运算,将式(3)记作ZI=V,因此可得电流向量为
I=Z -1V       (4)
由式(4)可推得系统的网孔电流为
Figure PCTCN2021130460-appb-000017
因此,可求得等效负载处的输出电压以及其相对于逆变器输出电压的电压增益分别为
Figure PCTCN2021130460-appb-000018
Figure PCTCN2021130460-appb-000019
当初级侧与次级侧均满足无功补偿条件时,系统处于谐振状态,也即工作在谐振频率ω 0上,谐振参数需要满足
Figure PCTCN2021130460-appb-000020
Figure PCTCN2021130460-appb-000021
此时,若忽略线圈内阻R p、R s,则Z 11=Z 22=0,Z 33=R eq,进而可推得谐振条件下系统的电压增益为
Figure PCTCN2021130460-appb-000022
式(8)非常直观地反映了S-LCC-IPT系统电压增益与互感呈反比例关系,因此当互感增加时,电压增益会单调下降,并且电压增益对互感参数的敏感度与电感参数L 2相关,尽管可以通过减小参数L 2能在一定程度降低系统电压增益对互感参数的敏感度,但是系统的抗偏移能力依然较弱。
(2)非谐振条件下电压增益敏感度分析
为了提高系统的抗偏移能力,考虑系统在非谐振条件下的电压增益情况。设定
Figure PCTCN2021130460-appb-000023
为参考阻抗值,则Z 11、Z 22、Z 33、Z 12可分别表示为
Figure PCTCN2021130460-appb-000024
将式(9)代入式(7)中,并对电压增益取绝对值可得到
Figure PCTCN2021130460-appb-000025
次级侧参数电容C 2和电感L 2是滤波网络,为简化分析,假定电容C 2和电感L 2在工作中频率下发生谐振,即ω 2L 2C 2=1、χ=0,则式(10)可简化为
Figure PCTCN2021130460-appb-000026
其余参数分别为
Figure PCTCN2021130460-appb-000027
Figure PCTCN2021130460-appb-000028
因此,参数α与β决定了系统的失谐程度,当α与β等于0时,系统满足谐振条件;当α与β不等于0时,系统处于非谐振状态。为了分析非谐振条件下电压增益对互感参数的敏感度,式(11)对互感求导可得
Figure PCTCN2021130460-appb-000029
因此,电压增益对互感参数的敏感度不仅仅与电感参数L 2(或者电容参数C 2)相关,还与参数α、β相关。这就给了更多的参数设计空间。令式(12)为0,可求得电压增益的极值点为
Figure PCTCN2021130460-appb-000030
经过分析可知,在极值点电压增益取得最大值。在极值点附近,电压增益变化较为平缓,因此可考虑将电压增益的极值点设置在给定的互感区间内。
为了分析负载的波动对电压增益的影响,式(11)经过变化可得
Figure PCTCN2021130460-appb-000031
由式(14)可以看出,当α不等于0时,电压增益随等效电阻增大而增大。若负载电阻变化范围在R min到R max之间时,其它参数不变,则电压增益最大点为|G V(R max)|,最小点为|G V(R min)|。
(3)抗偏移优化设计方法
a)非线性规划模型建立
在给定的互感区间M min到M max内,要求系统的输出能够尽可能的平稳,也即令系统电压增益的最大值与最小值之间的差值最小。由上述分析可知系统电压增益的最大值应为|G V(M ep,R max)|,最小值为|G V(M min,R min)|或者|G V(M max,R min)|。可定义系统电压增益的最大值与最小值之间的差值为
Figure PCTCN2021130460-appb-000032
因此,考虑到在可行域内寻找最优解来优化目标函数F G最小,即满足以下非线性规划模型
Figure PCTCN2021130460-appb-000033
此外,为了保证系统运行过程中能够实现ZVS,还需要系统阻抗呈感性。定义逆变器输出电压与电流的比值为初级侧等效输出阻抗。由式(4)和式(5)可得到初级侧等效输出阻抗为
Figure PCTCN2021130460-appb-000034
经过整理得出
Figure PCTCN2021130460-appb-000035
将式(9)代入上式并进行化简可以得出初级侧等效输出阻抗的实部和虚部分别为
Figure PCTCN2021130460-appb-000036
Figure PCTCN2021130460-appb-000037
由于等效输出阻抗的实部始终大于0,因此,当等效输出阻抗的虚部大于0时,系统呈感性。为了保证初级侧等效输出阻抗的虚部大于零,则需要满足下式
αX 0 2-βR eq 22-αβ)<0    (21)
经过分析可知当α<0且β>0时,式(21)恒成立。因此,将约束条件 引入模型(16)中,可保证系统始终处于感性状态,得到如下模型
Figure PCTCN2021130460-appb-000038
通过求解上述模型可以得到输出较为平稳的参数解,然而得到的电压增益可能会非常小,不满足输出的要求。因此,需要对最小的电压增益进行限定。假设满足输出的电压增益的下限为|GV 0|常量,则系统电压增益的最小值应满足|G V(M min,R min)|>|G V0|和|G V(M max,R min)|>|G V0|,故而得到最终的非线性规划模型为
Figure PCTCN2021130460-appb-000039
构建非线性规划模型可采用以下优选的实现方式实现。
由于模型(23)是个参数复杂并且约束条件众多的非线性规划模型,传统的等求解算法(例如序列二次规划算法、梯度下降算法等)难以得到模型的全局最优解。因此,本发明实施例提出一种结合遗传算法的非线性规划模型求解方法。通过遗传算法得出一个粗略的全局最优解,再以该最优解作为初始点进一步利用fmincon函数寻优得到精确的全局最优解。
GA是根据生物进化思想而启发得到的一种全局优化算法,是一种随机搜索算法。通过对变量参数进行编码,并随机生成初始种群;根据目标函数确定合适的适应度函数,然后根据适应度大小挑选优良个体进行遗传操作;最后根据优胜劣汰的遗传规律不断地更新后代,来得到问题的最优解。本发明实施例结合遗传算法的非线性规划模型求解具体操作如下:
(1)编码。采用二进制规则对参数变量C 2、α以及β进行编码,设置种群数目N和繁殖代数Q。假设设置种群数目为200,繁殖代数为30。
(2)产生初始种群Pop1。通过MATLAB的rand函数产生初始种群{(C 2i,α i,β i)i=1,2…200}。
(3)检验。为了让初始种群尽可能落在非线性规划模型的约束条件内,通过约束条件对初始种群的每个个体进行检验并更新,以获得优良度更高的初始种群。
(4)选取适应度函数。由于本发明实施例目标函数是求F G的最小值,因此在遗传算法中以H G=F 0-F G作为目标函数,求解H G的最大值,其中F 0为一给定常数。为了将约束条件考虑进去,通过建立罚函数的方式得到如下适应度函数
Figure PCTCN2021130460-appb-000040
其中,w n为预先给定的一个较大的正数,g n如下式所示:
Figure PCTCN2021130460-appb-000041
通过上述适应度函数表达式可知:若个体(即变量)(C 2i,α i,β i)在非线性规划模型的约束条件内,则
Figure PCTCN2021130460-appb-000042
因此该个体的适应度为F 0-F G;若个体不在非线性规划模型的约束条件内,则
Figure PCTCN2021130460-appb-000043
为一个较大的正数,因此该个体的适应度会非常小,在后面的迭代中将以很小的概率被选中作为繁殖下一代的母体。
(5)选择。采用“轮盘赌法”来选择优良个体,个体被选中的概率如下式所示
Figure PCTCN2021130460-appb-000044
式中,H Gi为个体对应的适应度的大小,由上式可知原来的种群中适应度越高的个体被选中的概率越大。
(6)交叉和变异。给定交叉概率为p c=0.9,将上述选择的优良个体(适 应度较大的个体)进行交叉,进而得到新的种群Pop2,为了增加种群中个体的多样性,给定较小的变异概率p m=0.09,使得种群中产生新的个体。
(7)不停的重复步骤(5)至(6)操作,用遗传算法进化到30代,得到粗略的全局最优解
Figure PCTCN2021130460-appb-000045
(8)非线性寻优。将得到的优化解
Figure PCTCN2021130460-appb-000046
作为初始点代入模型(23)中,通过MATLAB中的fmincon函数非线性寻优得到精确的全局最优解
Figure PCTCN2021130460-appb-000047
再根据最优解求出系统的设计参数。
参数设计的流程图如图4所示。
由于GA是一种随机搜索算法,因此每次得到的粗略的全局最优解
Figure PCTCN2021130460-appb-000048
会存在一定的误差,但是当该最优解再次经过非线性寻优后会得到精度更高、误差更小的全局最优解
Figure PCTCN2021130460-appb-000049
以表1所示的仿真参数为例,按照约束条件的要求,设定各个参数变量的取值范围分别为C 2∈(2.2nF,110nF),α∈(-3,-0.01),β∈(0.01,3)。然后给出的算法进行5次求解,得到的最优解解
Figure PCTCN2021130460-appb-000050
Figure PCTCN2021130460-appb-000051
如表2所示。由表2可知,通过遗传算法求解,每次运行的结果不会完全相同,但是将该粗略的优化解作为初始点代入到非线性优化函数中寻优,得到最终的精确优化解是完全相同的,因此算法的收敛性较好。图5给出了遗传算法的输出平均适应度和种群最大适应度的变化趋势图。
表1
参数 数值
谐振频率/kHz 85
发射线圈自感/μH 246
接收线圈自感/μH 88
负载区间/Ω 20~25
互感区间/μH 29.4~58.8
表2
Figure PCTCN2021130460-appb-000052
由图5可知,遗传算法的最大适应度经过几代进化后开始保持稳定,而平均适应度在经历几代进化后,也逐渐趋于稳定,说明经过几代进化后,算法已经趋于最优解。
Figure PCTCN2021130460-appb-000053
α **=-0.25,β **=0.01代入
Figure PCTCN2021130460-appb-000054
中可以求得C P=15.2nF,C S=119.8nF。将这些参数代入到式(10)中,并按照表3中参数进行仿真,可以得到最优参数下电压增益随耦合系数的变化图,如图6所示,作为对比,图7给出了谐振参数下电压增益随耦合系数的变化图。图8和图9分别给出了最优参数下系统的输出效率以及系统的等效输入阻抗角随耦合系数的变化图。
表3 优化后系统理论参数值
参数 数值
谐振频率/kHz 85
发射线圈自感/μH 246
接收线圈自感/μH 88
初级侧补偿电容CP/nF 15.2
次级侧补偿电感L2/μH 52.8
次级侧补偿电容C2/nF 66.4
次级侧补偿电容CS/nF 119.8
负载区间/Ω 20~25
互感区间/μH 29.4~58.8
最优电压增益范围 0.88~1.12
由图6可知,最优参数下电压增益的峰值为1.12,最小值为0.88,中心电压增益为1.0,电压增益波动范围为12%;而由图7可知,谐振参数下电压增益的峰值为1.69,最小值为0.97,中心电压增益为1.33,电压增益波动范围为27%;可见在最优参数下系统的输出平稳性会大幅提高。同时,由图8和图9可知在给定互感区间和负载区间上系统始终处于感性,因此系统始终满足实现ZVS的条件,且系统的效率都很高。
此外,尽管本发明实施例选取负载区间20Ω~25Ω以及互感区间29.4μH~58.8μH作为范例,但是本发明实施例所提出的优化算法针对任意负载区间和互感区间都是成立的。因此,可以根据电池实际情况以及耦合器偏移的实际情况来确定负载区间和互感区间,然后通过本发明实施例方法获得最优的参数设计。下面给出2组不同负载区间以及互感区间:(1)负载区间为10Ω~15Ω,互感区间为29.4μH~58.8μH;(2)负载区间为20Ω~25Ω,互感区间为73.6μH~102.9μH。通过本发明实施例的优化方法得到的最优参数如表4和表5所示,图10和图12分别给出了两种给出了遗传算法的输出平均适应度和种群最大适应度的变化趋势图;图11和图13分别给出了最优参数下的电压增益随耦合系数的变化图。
表4 优化后系统理论参数值
参数 数值
谐振频率/kHz 85
发射线圈自感/μH 246
接收线圈自感/μH 88
初级侧补偿电容CP/nF 14.6
次级侧补偿电感L2/μH 59.3
次级侧补偿电容C2/nF 59.1
次级侧补偿电容CS/nF 119.6
负载区间/Ω 10~15
互感区间/μH 29.4~58.8
最优电压增益范围 0.88~1.22
表5 优化后系统理论参数值
参数 数值
谐振频率/kHz 85
发射线圈自感/μH 246
接收线圈自感/μH 88
初级侧补偿电容CP/nF 16.9
次级侧补偿电感L2/μH 63.8
次级侧补偿电容C2/nF 54.9
次级侧补偿电容CS/nF 141.1
负载区间/Ω 20~25
互感区间/μH 58.8~88.3
最优电压增益范围 0.58~0.70
由此可见,本发明实施例所提出的方法适用于任意给定的负载区间和互感区间,可以优化得到最佳的参数,具有普适性和通用性。
本发明实施例的一种基于遗传算法的IPT系统抗偏移参数优化系统,包括:
设置模块,用于预定义系统的互感区间和负载区间,并对系统参数进行编码;
模型构建模块,用于构建系统参数的非线性规划模型,非线性规划模型的优化目标为系统电压增益最大值和最小值的差值最小,非线性规划模型的约束条件包括互感区间和负载区间;
遗传算法求解模块,用于基于非线性规划模型构建遗传算法的适应度函数,采用遗传算法对非线性规划模型进行求解,获取系统参数的第一全局最优解;
非线性寻优模块,用于将第一全局最优解作为初始点代入系统参数的非线性规划模型,通过非线性寻优方法得到系统参数的第二全局最优解。
系统的实现原理、技术效果与上述方法相同,此处不再赘述。
本实施例还提供了一种计算机设备,其包括至少一个处理器、以及至少一个存储器,其中,存储器中存储有计算机程序,当计算机程序被处理器执行时,使得处理器执行参数优化方法实施例的步骤,此处不再赘述;本实施例中,处理器和存储器的类型不作具体限制,例如:处理器可以是微处理器、数字信息处理器、片上可编程逻辑系统等;存储器可以是易失性存储器、非易失性存储器或者它们的组合等。
必须说明的是,上述任一实施例中,方法并不必然按照序号顺序依次执行,只要从执行逻辑中不能推定必然按某一顺序执行,则意味着可以以其他任何可能的顺序执行。
本领域的技术人员容易理解,以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已,并不用以限制本发明,凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种基于遗传算法的IPT系统抗偏移参数优化方法,其特征在于,包括步骤:
    预定义系统的互感区间和负载区间,对系统参数进行编码;
    构建系统参数的非线性规划模型,非线性规划模型的优化目标为系统电压增益最大值和最小值的差值最小,非线性规划模型的约束条件包括互感区间和负载区间;
    基于非线性规划模型构建遗传算法的适应度函数,采用遗传算法对非线性规划模型进行求解,获取系统参数的第一全局最优解;
    将第一全局最优解作为初始点代入系统参数的非线性规划模型,通过非线性寻优方法得到系统参数的第二全局最优解。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的一种基于遗传算法的IPT系统抗偏移参数优化方法,其特征在于,所述采用遗传算法对非线性规划模型进行求解包括步骤:
    (1)设置系统参数的种群数目N和繁衍代数Q;
    (2)利用RAND函数产生系统参数的初始种群,初始种群中的系统参数个体数量为N;
    (3)通过非线性规划模型的约束条件对初始种群进行检验并更新,获得优化初始种群;
    (4)获取适应度函数;
    (5)根据适应度函数计算优化初始种群中的系统参数个体的适应度,根据系统参数个体的适应度在优化初始种群中选择系统参数个体;
    (6)将步骤(5)选择的系统参数个体进行交叉和变异,获得新的系统参数种群;
    (7)将新的系统参数种群替代优化初始种群,重复执行步骤(5)~(6), 直至迭代到第Q代,获得系统参数的第一全局最优解。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的一种基于遗传算法的IPT系统抗偏移参数优化方法,其特征在于,适应度函数满足:满足非线性规划模型约束条件的系统参数个体的适应度比不满足非线性规划模型约束条件的系统参数个体的适应度大。
  4. 如权利要求2所述的一种基于遗传算法的IPT系统抗偏移参数优化方法,其特征在于,所述IPT系统为S-LCC型IPT系统。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的一种基于遗传算法的IPT系统抗偏移参数优化方法,其特征在于,所述S-LCC型IPT系统包括S-LCC型补偿网络,S-LCC型补偿网络包括耦合线圈、电容C P、电容C S、电容C 2和电感L 2,电容C P与耦合线圈初级侧串联,耦合线圈次级侧、电容C S和电感L 2依次串联,耦合线圈次级侧和电容C S组成的电路与电容C 2并联,耦合线圈初级侧电感为L P,耦合线圈次级侧电感为L S,电容C P、电容C S、电容C 2、电感L 2与线圈电感L P、L S构成谐振腔。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的一种基于遗传算法的IPT系统抗偏移参数优化方法,其特征在于,所述非线性规划模型为:
    Figure PCTCN2021130460-appb-100001
    其中,C 2、α和β为系统参数,F G为系统电压增益的最大值与最小值之间的差值,M min、M max分别为互感区间参数的最小值和最大值,M ep为系统电压增益最大值时的互感,Rmin为系统负载电阻Req的最小值,|G V|表示系统电压增益,|G V0|为系统电压增益的下限,|G V(M min,R min)|表示系统互感为Mmin、系统负载电阻为Rmin时的系统电压增益,|G V(M max,R min)|表示系统互感为Mmax、系统负载电阻为Rmin时的系统电压增益,s.t表示满足条件。
  7. 如权利要求6所述的一种基于遗传算法的IPT系统抗偏移参数优化方法,其特征在于,|G V0|的计算公式为:
    谐振条件下,
    Figure PCTCN2021130460-appb-100002
    非谐振条件下,
    Figure PCTCN2021130460-appb-100003
    其中,1/ωC 2=X 0
    Figure PCTCN2021130460-appb-100004
  8. 如权利要求6所述的一种基于遗传算法的IPT系统抗偏移参数优化方法,其特征在于,所述适应度函数为H G
    Figure PCTCN2021130460-appb-100005
    其中,F 0为一给定常数,w n为预先给定的正数,g n如下式所示:
    Figure PCTCN2021130460-appb-100006
  9. 一种基于遗传算法的IPT系统抗偏移参数优化系统,其特征在于,包括:
    设置模块,用于预定义系统的互感区间和负载区间,并对系统参数进行编码;
    模型构建模块,用于构建系统参数的非线性规划模型,非线性规划模型的优化目标为系统电压增益最大值和最小值的差值最小,非线性规划模型的约束条件包括互感区间和负载区间;
    遗传算法求解模块,用于基于非线性规划模型构建遗传算法的适应度函数,采用遗传算法对非线性规划模型进行求解,获取系统参数的第一全局最优解;
    非线性寻优模块,用于将第一全局最优解作为初始点代入系统参数的非线性规划模型,通过非线性寻优方法得到系统参数的第二全局最优解。
  10. 一种计算机设备,包括存储器和处理器,所述存储器存储有计算机程序,其特征在于,所述处理器执行所述计算机程序时实现权利要求1至8中任一项所述的方法的步骤。
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CN117394553B (zh) * 2023-12-13 2024-02-13 吉林大学 一种电动汽车动态无线电能传输功率优化控制方法
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