WO2022126709A1 - 一种紧凑型壳输出内藏式卷扬提升齿轮箱 - Google Patents

一种紧凑型壳输出内藏式卷扬提升齿轮箱 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022126709A1
WO2022126709A1 PCT/CN2020/139338 CN2020139338W WO2022126709A1 WO 2022126709 A1 WO2022126709 A1 WO 2022126709A1 CN 2020139338 W CN2020139338 W CN 2020139338W WO 2022126709 A1 WO2022126709 A1 WO 2022126709A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
planetary gear
gear train
stage
gear
hoisting
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PCT/CN2020/139338
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
周亚政
屈桂兰
张志峰
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江苏泰隆减速机股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2022126709A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022126709A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66D—CAPSTANS; WINCHES; TACKLES, e.g. PULLEY BLOCKS; HOISTS
    • B66D1/00—Rope, cable, or chain winding mechanisms; Capstans
    • B66D1/02—Driving gear
    • B66D1/14—Power transmissions between power sources and drums or barrels
    • B66D1/22—Planetary or differential gearings, i.e. with planet gears having movable axes of rotation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H1/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion
    • F16H1/28—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with gears having orbital motion
    • F16H1/46—Systems consisting of a plurality of gear trains each with orbital gears, i.e. systems having three or more central gears
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
    • F16H57/02—Gearboxes; Mounting gearing therein
    • F16H57/021—Shaft support structures, e.g. partition walls, bearing eyes, casing walls or covers with bearings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
    • F16H57/02—Gearboxes; Mounting gearing therein
    • F16H57/023—Mounting or installation of gears or shafts in the gearboxes, e.g. methods or means for assembly
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
    • F16H57/02—Gearboxes; Mounting gearing therein
    • F16H57/029—Gearboxes; Mounting gearing therein characterised by means for sealing the gearboxes, e.g. to improve airtightness
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
    • F16H57/04—Features relating to lubrication or cooling or heating
    • F16H57/042—Guidance of lubricant
    • F16H57/043—Guidance of lubricant within rotary parts, e.g. axial channels or radial openings in shafts
    • F16H57/0431—Means for guiding lubricant directly onto a tooth surface or to foot areas of a gear, e.g. by holes or grooves in a tooth flank
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
    • F16H57/04—Features relating to lubrication or cooling or heating
    • F16H57/0467—Elements of gearings to be lubricated, cooled or heated
    • F16H57/0479—Gears or bearings on planet carriers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
    • F16H57/04—Features relating to lubrication or cooling or heating
    • F16H57/048—Type of gearings to be lubricated, cooled or heated
    • F16H57/0482—Gearings with gears having orbital motion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
    • F16H57/08—General details of gearing of gearings with members having orbital motion
    • F16H57/082—Planet carriers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
    • F16H57/02—Gearboxes; Mounting gearing therein
    • F16H2057/02039—Gearboxes for particular applications
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
    • F16H57/02—Gearboxes; Mounting gearing therein
    • F16H2057/02086—Measures for reducing size of gearbox, e.g. for creating a more compact transmission casing

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of speed reducers, in particular to a compact shell output built-in hoisting and hoisting gearbox.
  • the hoisting hoisting gearbox is a kind of lifting device that uses the reel wound wire rope to lift or pull heavy objects, which is widely used in industrial fields such as construction cranes, ship and deck cranes, truck cranes, freight and working elevators.
  • the compact shell output built-in hoisting and hoisting gearbox is the core device that provides the hoisting power of the hoist.
  • the traditional hoisting mechanism adopts an external hoisting transmission mechanism, that is, the hoisting device is installed on the outside of the drum, and the lengthwise structure occupies a large space, which is extremely inconvenient to install in a narrow space, and the transmission gear is easy to wear and has low reliability. Unable to meet heavy working conditions and harsh environments.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a built-in hoisting and hoisting gearbox with a compact structure, large transmission ratio and high bearing capacity.
  • a compact shell output built-in hoisting and hoisting gear box includes a reel support seat and a reel, the reel is rotatably supported between support plates on both sides of the support seat, a deceleration mechanism is installed in the reel, and the reel is
  • the barrel mechanism includes an input shaft, a transmission shaft, a final-stage planetary gear train, an intermediate-stage planetary gear train, and a primary planetary gear train, which are connected in sequence.
  • the inner gear of the final stage planetary gear train is fixedly connected with the end face of the drum by the flange, the planetary carrier of the final stage planetary gear train is fixed to the support plate by screws, the input shaft is rotatably supported by the bearing seat on the support seat
  • the left support plate of the drive shaft is coaxially connected to the input shaft through splines, and the end of the drive shaft is rotatably supported on the end cover of the primary planetary gear train by bearings;
  • the primary sun gear is fixedly installed on the transmission shaft, the intermediate and final sun gears are rotatably supported on the transmission shaft, the intermediate and final sun gears are double gears, and the two gears of the intermediate and final sun gears are
  • the planetary gear of the first stage and the planet carrier of the upper stage are meshed and driven.
  • the flange between the spool and the last stage planetary gear train is rotatably supported on the planet carrier of the last stage planetary gear train by bearings.
  • the flange between the reel and the last stage planetary gear train has more than one set of sealing rings to seal with the last stage planet carrier.
  • an axial lubricating oil groove is provided between the intermediate and final sun gears and the transmission shaft.
  • the composite planetary transmission gear train includes two or more epicyclic gear trains and a fixed-axis gear train, forming a composite planetary gear train, the transmission shaft and the sun of the primary planetary gear train.
  • the planetary gear of the primary planetary gear train is mounted on the primary planetary carrier through roller bearings or needle roller bearings, and meshes with the primary sun gear and the primary ring gear housing at the same time.
  • the primary planetary carrier and the sun gear of the intermediate planetary gear train Connected to achieve power split transfer and partial torque output.
  • the planet gears of the intermediate planetary gear train are mounted on the intermediate planet carrier through roller bearings or needle roller bearings, and mesh with the final sun gear and the intermediate ring gear housing at the same time.
  • the last-stage planetary gear train is a fixed-axis gear train, the planet carrier does not rotate, but is fixedly supported on the support seat, and the inner gear ring drives the reel to rotate through the flange to complete the output.
  • the integral gear box is integrated inside the drum, making efficient use of the inner space of the drum.
  • Three-stage planetary transmission increases the output torque.
  • Fig. 1 is the transmission schematic diagram of the gearbox
  • Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.
  • the compact casing output built-in hoisting and hoisting gearbox includes three parts: a support input mechanism, a casing output mechanism, and a compound planetary transmission gear train.
  • the supporting input mechanism includes an input shaft 1 , an end cover 2 , a tapered bearing 3 , an input bearing seat 4 , and a supporting planet carrier 5 .
  • One end of the input shaft 1 is connected to a power mechanism such as an electric motor or a hydraulic motor, and receives the power from the power source, and the other end is connected to the transmission shaft 6, and transmits the power to the transmission shaft 6, and the tapered bearing 3 is installed on the input shaft 1.
  • the input bearing seat 5 is fixed on the supporting planetary carrier 5
  • the supporting planetary carrier 5 is connected with the reel base, and at the same time serves as a support point of the reel to bear the tension of the steel rope.
  • the compound planetary gear train includes two epicyclic gear trains and a fixed-axis gear train.
  • the drive shaft 6 is connected to the sun gear 12 of the primary planetary gear train.
  • the planetary gear 10 of the primary planetary gear train is installed by roller bearings or needle roller bearings 18 On the pins 19, the pins 19 are evenly distributed on the primary planet carrier 9, and the number of pins and planet wheels can be designed to be 3 to 5.
  • the primary planetary gear 10 meshes with the primary sun gear 12 and the primary ring gear housing 11 at the same time, and the primary planet carrier 9 is connected to the sun gear 8 of the intermediate planetary gear train.
  • the planet gears 13 of the intermediate planetary gear train are mounted on the intermediate pins 20 through roller bearings or needle bearings 21, and the intermediate pins 20 are evenly distributed on the intermediate planet carrier 14.
  • the number of pins and planetary gears can be designed as 3 To five, the intermediate planetary gear 13 meshes with the intermediate sun gear 8 and the intermediate ring gear housing 22 at the same time.
  • the final-stage planetary gear train is a fixed-axis gear train.
  • the supporting planetary carrier 5 does not rotate, and is fixed on the hoist support seat through the end-face flange bolt holes.
  • the intermediate-stage planetary carrier 14 is connected to the sun gear 15 of the final-stage planetary gear train.
  • the final-stage planetary The wheel 17 is installed on the pin shaft 24 of the final stage through the roller bearing or needle bearing 23.
  • the number of the pin shaft 24 of the final stage is generally designed to be 4-5, which are evenly distributed on the supporting planet carrier 5.
  • the final-stage sun gear 15 meshes with the final-stage ring gear housing 16 .
  • the primary ring gear housing 11 and the intermediate ring gear housing 22 are connected through the intermediate flange 27 , and the intermediate ring gear housing 22 is connected with the final ring gear housing 16 through the intermediate flange 25 .
  • the ring gear housing forms a whole, and is connected with the output flange 28 through the positioning pin 7 into a whole.
  • the output flange 27 is directly connected with the reel, and rotates to output torque.
  • the input shaft 1 drives the transmission shaft 6 to drive, drives the sun gear 12 of the primary planetary gear train to rotate, the primary planetary carrier 9 of the primary planetary gear train outputs, and drives the intermediate planetary gear by engaging the sun gear 8 of the intermediate planetary gear train.
  • the system rotates, the intermediate planetary gear system planet carrier outputs, and meshes with the final-stage sun gear 15 for transmission, and the final-stage planetary carrier is fixed, so the final-stage ring gear housing 16 rotates and outputs, and the final-stage ring gear housing 16 passes through the output flange. 28 drives the reel to rotate to complete the output.
  • the compact shell output built-in hoisting and hoisting gear box of the present invention adopts compound planetary transmission, rationally utilizes internal and external meshing, power splits and then merges, and has the remarkable features of compact structure, small volume, wide speed ratio range and large bearing capacity.

Abstract

一种紧凑型壳输出内藏式卷扬提升齿轮箱，涉及减速机领域，其中复合行星传动轮系包括两个或多个周转轮系和一个定轴轮系，组成一个复合行星轮系，传动轴（6）与初级行星轮系的太阳轮（12）相连，初级行星轮（10）同时与初级太阳轮（12）和初级内齿圈壳体（11）啮合，初级行星架（9）和中级行星轮系的太阳轮（8）相连，实现功率分流传递和部分扭矩输出，中级行星轮（13）同时与中级太阳轮（8）和中级内齿圈壳体（22）啮合，末级行星轮系为定轴轮系，支撑行星架（5）不旋转，固定支撑在支撑座上，由内齿圈通过法兰带动卷筒转动，完成输出；该整体齿轮箱整合在卷筒内部，有效利用了卷筒内部空间，三级行星传动，提高了输出的扭矩。

Description

一种紧凑型壳输出内藏式卷扬提升齿轮箱 技术领域
本发明涉及减速机领域，具体涉及紧凑型壳输出内藏式卷扬提升齿轮箱。
背景技术
卷扬提升齿轮箱是一种用卷筒缠绕钢丝绳提升或牵引重物的起重装置，广泛应用于建筑起重机，船舶和甲板起重机、汽车吊、货运和工作电梯等工业领域。紧凑型壳输出内藏式卷扬提升齿轮箱是提供卷扬机起升动力的核心装置。传统卷扬机构采用外置式提升传动机构，即提升装置安装在卷筒的外面，长度方向结构占用空间大，在狭小的空间安装极不方便，且传动齿轮易磨损，可靠性不高。无法满足繁重工作条件和恶劣环境。
发明内容
为克服现有技术中卷扬机输入扭矩与体积不能兼顾的缺陷，本发明的目的在于提供了一种结构紧凑，兼具大传动比、高承载能力的内藏式卷扬提升齿轮箱。
为达到以上目的，本发明采取的技术方案为：
一种紧凑型壳输出内藏式卷扬提升齿轮箱，包括卷筒支撑座和卷筒，卷筒转动支承于支撑座两侧的支撑板之间，卷筒内安装有减速机构，所述卷筒机构包括依次连接的输入轴、传动轴、末级行星轮系、中级行星轮系以及初级行星轮系，初级行星轮系的端面安装有端盖，相邻行星机构的内齿圈间通过法兰连接，末级行星轮系的内齿圈由法兰与卷筒的端面固定连接，末级行星轮系的行星架由螺钉固定于支撑板，所述输入轴由轴承座旋转支承于支撑座的左侧支撑板，所述传动轴通过花键与输入轴同轴连接，传动轴的末端由轴承转动支承在初级行星轮系的端盖；所述传动轴上安装有与各级行星机构对应的太阳轮，所述初级太阳轮固定安装于传动轴，中级、末级太阳轮转动支承于传动轴，中级、末级太阳轮为双齿轮，中级、末级太阳轮的两个齿轮分别与本级的行星轮以及上级的行星架啮合传动。
进一步地，所述卷筒与末级行星轮系间的法兰由轴承旋转支承于末级行星轮系的行星架。
进一步地，所述卷筒与末级行星轮系间的法兰有一组以上的密封圈与末级行星架密封。
再进一步地，所述中级、末级太阳轮与传动轴间设有轴向润滑油槽。
采取以上技术方案后，本发明的有益效果为：复合行星传动轮系包括两个或多个周转轮系和一个定轴轮系，组成一个复合行星轮系，传动轴与初级行星轮系的太阳轮相连， 初级行星轮系的行星轮通过滚子轴承或滚针轴承安装在初级行星架上，同时与初级太阳轮和初级内齿圈壳体啮合，初级行星架和中级行星轮系的太阳轮相连，实现功率分流传递和部分扭矩输出。同样，中级行星轮系的行星轮通过滚子轴承或滚针轴承安装在中级行星架上，同时与末级太阳轮和中级内齿圈壳体啮合。末级行星轮系为定轴轮系，行星架不旋转，固定支撑在支撑座上，由内齿圈通过法兰带动卷筒转动，完成输出。整体齿轮箱整合在卷筒内部，有效利用了卷筒内部空间。三级行星传动，提高了输出的扭矩。
附图说明
图1是齿轮箱的传动示意图；
图2是本发明的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和实施例作进一步说明：
如图所示，本一种紧凑型壳输出内藏式卷扬提升齿轮箱，包括：支撑输入机构，壳体输出机构，复合行星传动轮系三大部分。
支撑输入机构包括输入轴1、端盖2、锥型轴承3、输入轴承座4、支撑行星架5。输入轴1一端与电机或液压马达等动力机构相连，接受来自动力源传来的动力，另一端与传动轴6相连，并将动力传给传动轴6，锥型轴承3装在输入轴1上，安装在输入轴承座5内，输入轴承座5固定在支撑行星架5上，支撑行星架5与卷筒基座联接，同时作为卷筒的一个支撑点承受钢绳拉力。
复合行星传动轮系包括两个周转轮系和一个定轴轮系，传动轴6与初级行星轮系的太阳轮12相连，初级行星轮系的行星轮10通过滚子轴承或滚针轴承18安装在销轴19上，销轴19均布在初级行星架9上，销轴和行星轮数量可设计成3至5个。初级行星轮10同时与初级太阳轮12和初级内齿圈壳体11啮合，初级行星架9和中级行星轮系的太阳轮8相连。同样，中级行星轮系的行星轮13通过滚子轴承或滚针轴承21安装在中级销轴20上，中级销轴20均布在中级行星架14上，销轴和行星轮数量可设计成3至5个，中级行星轮13同时与中级太阳轮8和中级内齿圈壳体22啮合。末级行星轮系为定轴轮系，支撑行星架5不自转，通过端面法兰螺栓孔固定在卷扬机支撑座上，中级行星架14与末级行星轮系的太阳轮15相连，末级行星轮17通过滚子轴承或滚针轴承23安装在末级销轴24上，末级销轴24数量一般设计成4‐5个，均布在支撑行星架5上，末级行星轮17同时与末级太阳轮15和末级内齿圈壳体16啮合。初级内齿圈壳体11和中级内齿圈壳体22通过中间法兰27联接，中级内齿圈壳体22通过中间法兰25和末级 内齿圈壳体16联接，至此，末级内齿圈壳体形成一个整体，与输出法兰28通过定位销7联成一个整体，输出法兰27直接与卷筒相连，旋转输出扭矩。
其工作原理为：输入轴1带动传动轴6传动，带动初级行星轮系的太阳轮12转动，初级行星轮系的初级行星架9输出，通过啮合中级行星轮系的太阳轮8带动中级行星轮系转动，中级行星轮系行星架输出，并啮合末级太阳轮15传动，末级行星架固定，故末级内齿圈壳体16转动输出，末级内齿圈壳体16通过输出法兰28带动卷筒转动，完成输出。
本发明的紧凑型壳输出内藏式卷扬提升齿轮箱采用复合行星传动，合理利用内外啮合，功率分流再合流，具有结构紧凑、体积小、速比范围广、承载能力大等显著特点。

Claims (4)

  1. 一种紧凑型壳输出内藏式卷扬提升齿轮箱，包括卷筒支撑座和卷筒，卷筒转动支承于支撑座两侧的支撑板之间，卷筒内安装有减速机构，其特征在于，所述卷筒机构包括依次连接的输入轴、传动轴、末级行星轮系、中级行星轮系以及初级行星轮系，初级行星轮系的端面安装有端盖，相邻行星机构的内齿圈间通过法兰连接，末级行星轮系的内齿圈由法兰与卷筒的端面固定连接，末级行星轮系的行星架由螺钉固定于支撑板，所述输入轴由轴承座旋转支承于支撑座的左侧支撑板，所述传动轴通过花键与输入轴同轴连接，传动轴的末端由轴承转动支承在初级行星轮系的端盖；所述传动轴上安装有与各级行星机构对应的太阳轮，所述初级太阳轮固定安装于传动轴，中级、末级太阳轮转动支承于传动轴，中级、末级太阳轮为双齿轮，中级、末级太阳轮的两个齿轮分别与本级的行星轮以及上级的行星架啮合传动。
  2. 根据权利要求书1所述的一种紧凑型壳输出内藏式卷扬提升齿轮箱，其特征在于，所述卷筒与末级行星轮系间的法兰由轴承旋转支承于末级行星轮系的行星架。
  3. 根据权利要求书1所述的一种紧凑型壳输出内藏式卷扬提升齿轮箱，其特征在于，所述卷筒与末级行星轮系间的法兰有一组以上的密封圈与末级行星架密封。
  4. 根据权利要求书1所述的一种紧凑型壳输出内藏式卷扬提升齿轮箱，其特征在于，所述中级、末级太阳轮与传动轴间设有轴向润滑油槽。
PCT/CN2020/139338 2020-12-17 2020-12-25 一种紧凑型壳输出内藏式卷扬提升齿轮箱 WO2022126709A1 (zh)

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