WO2022126320A1 - 一种热轧卷筒 - Google Patents

一种热轧卷筒 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022126320A1
WO2022126320A1 PCT/CN2020/136147 CN2020136147W WO2022126320A1 WO 2022126320 A1 WO2022126320 A1 WO 2022126320A1 CN 2020136147 W CN2020136147 W CN 2020136147W WO 2022126320 A1 WO2022126320 A1 WO 2022126320A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
oil
hot
hole
water
mandrel
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PCT/CN2020/136147
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
罗志仁
王先云
彭铁辉
李克诚
杨丰产
Original Assignee
泰尔重工股份有限公司
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Application filed by 泰尔重工股份有限公司 filed Critical 泰尔重工股份有限公司
Priority to CN202080005114.9A priority Critical patent/CN113195124A/zh
Priority to PCT/CN2020/136147 priority patent/WO2022126320A1/zh
Publication of WO2022126320A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022126320A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C47/00—Winding-up, coiling or winding-off metal wire, metal band or other flexible metal material characterised by features relevant to metal processing only
    • B21C47/28—Drums or other coil-holders
    • B21C47/30—Drums or other coil-holders expansible or contractible

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of hot-rolled strip coiling equipment, in particular to a hot-rolled reel.
  • Coiler is an important key equipment in the rolling workshop that coils steel into rolls.
  • the cold-rolled coils are arranged after the finished stand on the tandem cold-strip rolling mill; on the single-stand reversing cold-strip mill, they are installed before and after the rolling mill. In addition, it is also installed in various finishing units such as continuous pickling units, slitting, annealing, coating, etc.
  • Hot-rolled coils are used to coil hot-rolled steel strips. Hot-rolled steel strip has the characteristics of high temperature, which requires cooling of the reel.
  • the reels of the existing hot-rolled coilers generally have the following four problems:
  • the displacement sensor is connected to the piston rod of the expansion and contraction cylinder through the inner hole of the rotary joint. It is used to measure the real-time displacement of the cylinder piston rod, and then calibrate the expansion and contraction value of the reel. This measurement method often causes the displacement sensor to not work properly due to the wear of the magnetic ruler displacement sensor due to the excessive runout of the rotary joint.
  • the traditional hot-rolling coiler cooling is that the external coolant directly acts on the steel plate and the outside of the reel, and cannot cool the inside of the reel.
  • the temperature inside the reel is high, the thermal fatigue is severe, and the life of the reel is low.
  • the traditional hot-rolled reel adopts two plungers on one inclined surface. Due to space limitations, the internal lubrication system of the reel adopts a progressive distributor, and each lubricating oil circuit is connected in series, so the lubrication effect is not ideal.
  • the inner spring of the reel is currently made of 50CrVA or Japanese SWOSC material, and the high temperature resistance is less than 210°C.
  • the general temperature of the reel coiled sheet is greater than 600°C. The reel often causes abnormal noise inside the reel due to spring failure or breakage, and the accuracy decreases. And then offline, seriously affecting the life of the reel.
  • the prior art CN108144987A discloses a hot-rolled reel of a plunger coiler, which includes an expansion and contraction oil cylinder, a connecting body, a hollow main shaft, an extension shaft, a wedge-shaped tie rod, a fan-shaped plate, a front wear-resistant plate, and a plunger steel sleeve , tail wear plate, end wear plate, it also includes an open-loop water channel cooling system; it also includes a lubrication system, the lubrication system includes a total lubricating oil circuit and several sub-lubricating oil circuits; it also includes connecting rod pins anti-loosening structure.
  • the advantages of the invention are: 1.
  • the cooling water in the open-loop cooling system can be recovered to ensure the quality of the steel coil and avoid the loss of lubricating oil on the fan plate and other parts; With a great guarantee, the cooling effect of the hollow spindle is guaranteed; it also has a significant protective effect on the lubricating oil inside the hollow spindle and the wedge-shaped tie rod, that is, the dry oil will not be carbonized into blocks under high temperature conditions and block the oil path inside the drum , so that the relatively sliding surfaces can be effectively lubricated; 2.
  • the point-to-point lubrication can ensure the amount of oil at each lubrication point, and the utilization rate of dry oil can be increased to about 80%; the lubrication of the wedge-shaped tie rod inclined surface of the invention is between the hollow spindle and the hollow main shaft.
  • the lubricating oil path formed by the piston seal directly lubricates the inclined surface of the wedge-shaped tie-rod between the wedge-shaped tie rods, and the existing flexible pipe structure is discarded; the invention realizes the lubrication of the plunger steel sleeve, so that the plunger copper sleeve and the plunger can be lubricated.
  • the gap between the holes is very small, which greatly improves the accuracy; the invention ensures the lubrication of the three wear plates, the wedge-shaped tie rod bushing, the bearings, and the hollow spindle, so that the relatively sliding surfaces are effectively lubricated; three, the The invention can well prevent the connecting rod pin from loosening and improve the coiling precision.
  • the problems of this invention are: 1. A large number of channels are arranged inside the hollow main shaft, and the hollow main shaft and other components of the reel are cooled through the channels, but the problem of direct cooling of the fan-shaped plate cannot be solved, and the fan-shaped plate is directly in contact with the hot-rolled steel.
  • the prior art CN107081349B discloses a reel cooling system for a hot rolling coiler, comprising: a water feeder sleeved on a rotating shaft; a water flow hole on the inner wall of the reel expansion and contraction oil cylinder that communicates with the water feeder; Several first axial water inlet holes evenly arranged; several second axial water inlet holes evenly arranged along the circumferential direction inside the hollow main shaft and the extension shaft; several axial water inlet holes evenly arranged along the circumferential direction inside the hollow main shaft and the extension shaft The water return hole and the drain hole communicated at the end of the second axial water inlet hole and the axial water return hole; the cooling water hole arranged inside the fan-shaped plate.
  • the cooling water can not only flow uninterruptedly in the hollow main shaft, but also flow uninterruptedly in the fan-shaped plate, continuously cooling the fan-shaped plate.
  • the plate is cooled, which greatly improves the cooling effect of the fan-shaped plate and even the entire roll.
  • the problem of this invention is that the cooling effect is improved and improved, but the problem of lubrication is still poor due to the overall arrangement.
  • the present invention provides a hot-rolled reel, which solves the problems in the prior art.
  • a hot-rolled reel includes a unit fixing bracket, a rotary joint mounted on the unit fixing bracket, a hydraulic cylinder, a coupling, a mandrel, a plunger, a sector plate, and a hollow main shaft, and the hollow main shaft is sleeved on the mandrel.
  • a plurality of sliding surfaces are evenly distributed on the surface of the mandrel, and the plunger is in sliding contact with the sliding surface, and also includes a lubrication system and a cooling system.
  • Lubrication in which the cooling system cools the hollow main shaft and the fan-shaped plate through the water circuit, and the lubricating system and the cooling system supply lubricating oil and cooling liquid respectively through the rotary joint set at the same position.
  • grooves are arranged on the sides of the plunger parallel to the axis of the plunger, the grooves on the sides are connected to each other to form a circuit, and a sealing ring is arranged in the grooves.
  • the mandrel is provided with a groove
  • the groove is provided with a sealing ring
  • the sealing ring forms a slidable seal between the mandrel and the hollow main shaft.
  • an extension shaft is connected to one end of the hollow main shaft away from the coupling.
  • the position where the hollow main shaft and the extension shaft are connected is sealed by a sealing ring arranged in the groove.
  • the lubricating system includes two or more parallel oil inlet oil passages and two or more parallel oil separation oil passages arranged in the mandrel.
  • the oil inlet oil circuit and the oil separation oil circuit are respectively connected with the distributor, wherein the distributor includes more than two oil inlet ports, more than two oil distribution ports and a main cavity; the oil inlet port and the oil distribution port are respectively connected with the distributor.
  • the main cavity is connected; a single oil inlet is connected with a single oil inlet oil circuit; a single oil distribution port is connected with a single oil distribution oil circuit.
  • oil inlet oil passage on the mandrel is connected with the rotary joint through a flexible pipe.
  • the oil outlet hole supplies oil to the sliding surface, and the oil outlet hole is connected with the oil separation oil circuit through the oil supply oil circuit.
  • more than one oil supply oil circuit is connected to one oil distribution oil circuit.
  • a lubricating space for supplying oil to the sliding surface of the mandrel is formed in the hot-rolled reel, the lubricating space supplies oil to the lubricating space through the oil outlet hole, and the lubricating space is discharged through the exhaust gas provided on the hot-rolling reel. Oil outlet is exhausted.
  • the lubricating oil discharged from the exhaust oil outlet is directly led out to the guide surface of the fan-shaped plate.
  • a one-way exhaust valve is installed in the exhaust oil outlet.
  • a water ring is fixed at one end of the hollow main shaft close to the coupling, the water ring is provided with a water inlet hole, and the hollow main shaft is provided with a through axial main water hole, a return water hole and a diameter.
  • the extending shaft is provided with a drainage hole; the two ends of the fan-shaped plate are respectively provided with one or more radial water holes, and the fan-shaped plate is also provided with one or more axial water holes, two of which are Corresponding radial water holes at the ends are connected by an axial water hole to form a cooling liquid passage; one of the radial water holes at both ends is a fan-shaped plate water inlet hole, and the other is a fan-shaped plate water outlet hole.
  • the water inlet hole of the fan-shaped plate and the water outlet hole of the fan-shaped plate are connected with the hollow main shaft through a flexible pipe.
  • the water inlet hole on the water ring is connected with the rotary joint through a flexible pipe.
  • a blind hole is arranged on the end face of the plunger perpendicular to the sector plate, and a spring and a spring cover are arranged in the blind hole; wherein the spring cover is in contact with the sector plate, and the spring cover is supported by the spring in the blind hole.
  • the upper part of the blind hole is a light hole
  • the lower part is a threaded hole
  • the end of the plunger in contact with the sector plate is formed as a T-shaped hook; the T-shaped hook of the plunger is matched with the T-shaped groove of the sector plate.
  • the detector also includes a detector, the detector is fixedly connected with the coupling through a fixed seat, and the detector also includes an ultrasonic or laser displacement sensor installed on the fixed bracket of the unit.
  • the reel of the present invention has two slidable seals and one static seal, thereby forming a lubricating space in the reel, and the lubricating oil in the lubricating space can flow.
  • the lubricating oil is supplied to the lubricating space through the oil supply hole, and the lubricating oil is guided to the guide surface of the fan plate through the exhaust oil outlet.
  • This structure forms a closed lubricating oil space in the drum.
  • the guide surface of the fan plate is lubricated, and there is no leakage of lubricating oil in the whole system; thus, the lubrication and water cooling are well separated.
  • the guide surface of the fan-shaped plate does not need to be considered separately for lubrication.
  • the displacement of the mandrel can be accurately measured under the premise of taking into account cooling and lubrication, thereby providing a basis for calibrating the diameter expansion.
  • the plunger of the present invention is provided with a plunger cover, a spring and a groove, so that the plunger can not only buffer the sector plate, but also improve the service life of the sealing ring in the groove.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a hot-rolled inner water-cooled reel of the present invention along the center of a coolant hole;
  • Fig. 2 is the sectional schematic diagram at A-A place in Fig. 1;
  • Fig. 3 is the sectional schematic diagram at B-B place in Fig. 1;
  • Fig. 4 is the structural representation of fan-shaped plate
  • Fig. 5 is the sectional schematic diagram at C-C place in Fig. 4;
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a hot-rolled inner water-cooled reel of the present invention along the center of the plunger;
  • Fig. 7 is a partial area enlarged view of Fig. 6;
  • Figure 1 and Figure 6 show a hot-rolled inner water-cooled reel, including a unit fixing bracket and a rotary joint 1, a hydraulic cylinder 2, and a coupling 18 mounted on the unit fixing bracket and connected in sequence.
  • a mandrel 10 and a hollow main shaft 4 sleeved on the mandrel 10 are provided with a fan-shaped plate 7 and a plunger 13, and the mandrel 10 is evenly distributed.
  • a sliding surface on which the plunger 13 is arranged, and the end of the hollow main shaft 4 away from the coupling 18 is connected to the extension shaft 8; it also includes a lubricating system, which includes a lubricating system provided on the core In the shaft 10, there are more than two parallel oil inlet oil passages and a plurality of oil separation oil passages.
  • the lubrication system also includes a distributor 12.
  • the distributor 12 is connected with the oil inlet oil passage and the oil separation oil passage of the mandrel 10, thereby Divide the lubricating oil coming from the oil inlet oil circuit into the oil separation oil circuit; the distributor 12 has two oil inlet ports and a plurality of parallel oil separation ports, and each of the two oil inlet ports is connected to one of the oil inlet oil passages , and each oil separation port is communicated with the oil separation oil circuit respectively.
  • the lubricating oil can flow in in parallel during distribution and flow out in parallel at the same time, even if due to high temperature drying Part of the lubricating oil under roasting will dry and block the oil circuit, and it will not cause the failure of the lubricating system.
  • the lubricating system and the cooling system of the present invention respectively supply lubricating oil and cooling liquid through the rotary joint 1 provided at the same position.
  • the plunger type winding machine of the prior art CN108144987A effectively utilizes the overall space at the rotary joint, and can realize lubrication and cooling.
  • an oil passage is provided in the connecting body, so that the lubricating oil is sent into the mandrel, and the lubrication of the friction point is further realized. In this way, the reel mandrel, connecting body, etc. have multiple matching components, and corresponding oil circuits need to be processed between these components.
  • the cost is high, and on the other hand, it is easy to cause lubricating oil at the interface.
  • the carbon block thus blocks the oil passage.
  • the oil port on the mandrel is not fixed, and there is axial sliding, which easily leads to the leakage of lubricating oil.
  • this method can complete the lubrication and cooling, the lubrication of the drum is not reliable, and the maintenance after the lubrication problem is inconvenient.
  • the oil inlet oil passage on the mandrel 10 in this embodiment includes an oil inlet hole A and an oil inlet hole B, the oil inlet hole extends in the mandrel 10 to form an oil inlet oil passage, and the oil outlet hole includes Oil outlet hole C1, oil outlet hole C2, oil outlet hole D1, oil outlet hole D2, oil outlet hole E1, oil outlet hole E2 and four oil outlet holes F, the oil outlet holes extend in the mandrel 10 to form oil supply Road, so as to achieve oil supply to all sliding surfaces.
  • the oil inlet hole A and the oil inlet hole B each correspond to an oil inlet oil path, each oil outlet hole corresponds to an oil supply oil path, and more than one oil supply oil path is connected to an oil distribution oil path.
  • the lubrication principle of this embodiment is as follows: the lubricating oil enters the hydraulic cylinder 2 through the rotary joint 1, and the rotary joint adopts the rotary joint commonly used in the prior art; , B, the two lubricating oils enter the two oil inlets of the distributor 12 through the two oil inlet oil circuits respectively, and then enter several oil separation oil circuits, each oil separation oil circuit is connected in parallel, and the oil supply oil circuit is connected to the oil separation oil
  • the oil supply oil channel supplies lubricating oil to the oil outlet hole, and the lubricating oil sprayed through the oil outlet hole is sprayed to each sliding surface of the mandrel 10, so as to realize the lubrication of the sliding surface.
  • the lubricating oil sent from the rotary joint 1 is fed into the mandrel 10 through the flexible pipe 6, and only the processing of the oil circuit on the mandrel 10 needs to be considered, which reduces the cost; It is also easier to stop inspection after the lubrication problem occurs.
  • other equipment can be used to carry out pressure inspection and cleaning of the oil circuit in the mandrel 10, which reduces the overall maintenance time of the production line caused by the downtime of the reel.
  • the inclined surface on the mandrel 10 corresponds to the inclined surface of the plunger 13; the plunger 13 is axially fixed on the hollow main shaft 4; when the mandrel 10 moves in the axial direction, the plunger 13 is displaced in the radial direction , so as to lift up the fan-shaped plate 7 .
  • the lubricating oil is fed to the contact position between the plunger 13 and the mandrel 10 through the oil separation oil circuit; the lubricating oil enters the lubricating position through the radial oil separation branch connected with the oil separation oil circuit, so as to realize the contact position. lubrication.
  • the present invention designs a new structure of the plunger 13; refer to the accompanying drawings 8-8.
  • a blind hole in the plunger 13, and a spring 14 is installed in the blind hole.
  • the spring 14 is made of high temperature resistant spring steel containing WV series, and the temperature resistance can reach 500°C; the upper end of the spring 14 is provided with a spring cover 15 ;
  • the spring cover 15 is first lifted up by the force of the spring 14, buffering the force of the plunger 13 acting on the sector plate 7, making the steel roll up more stable.
  • the spring cover 15 provided on the upper end of the spring 14 is usually fixed in the plunger 13 with screws 16; in use, it needs to be installed in the reel, and the screws 16 are taken out at this time; due to the common limitation of the sector plate 7 and the mandrel 10, the spring Cap 15 and spring 14 are defined in the blind hole of plunger 13 .
  • grooves are provided on the sides of the plunger 13 perpendicular to the end face of the sector plate 7 , and the grooves on the sides are connected to each other to form a loop, that is, a closed-loop groove surrounding the plunger 13 is formed, A sealing ring is placed in the groove, and after the sealing ring is placed in the groove, the lubricating oil in the groove will not flow out through the gap between the plunger 10 and the hollow main shaft 4 .
  • a sealing ring is also arranged between the hollow main shaft and the mandrel, and the sealing ring is installed in the hollow main shaft or the groove on the mandrel, so as to form an isolation between the hollow main shaft and the mandrel and avoid the connection between the mandrel and the hollow main shaft.
  • the lubricating oil between the two flows out; relative sliding occurs between the hollow main shaft and the mandrel, and relative friction occurs between the sealing ring 42 .
  • a sealing ring 43 is also provided between the hollow core shaft and the extension shaft, and the sealing ring is installed in the groove on the hollow main shaft or the extension shaft; the sealing is static.
  • the reel of the present invention has two slidable seals and one static seal, so that a lubricating space is formed in the reel, and the lubricating oil 44 in the lubricating space can flow.
  • the lubricating oil is supplied to the lubricating space through the oil supply hole, and the lubricating oil is guided to the guide surface of the fan-shaped plate through the exhaust oil outlet 45; a check valve is installed at the exhaust oil outlet, and the lubricating oil and gas can be sprayed from the lubricating space to the outside. out.
  • This structure forms a closed lubricating oil space in the drum. After the lubricating oil is discharged, the guide surface of the fan plate is lubricated, and there is no leakage of lubricating oil in the whole system; thus, the lubrication and water cooling are well separated. At the same time, since the lubricating oil is directly guided to the fan-shaped plate after being discharged, the guide surface of the fan-shaped plate does not need to be considered separately for lubrication.
  • the spring 14 provided in the plunger 13 of the present invention buffers the impact force on the sector plate 7 on the one hand, and on the other hand, due to the action of the spring 14, the friction speed of the sealing ring in the groove relative to the hollow main shaft 4 is reduced, reducing The loss of the sealing ring during use is reduced, and the service life of the sealing ring is improved.
  • the plunger 13 uses forged steel as the base body, and a copper alloy wear-resistant layer 23 is surfacing on each sliding mating surface.
  • the sector plate 7 and the mandrel 10 are both provided with T-shaped grooves, and the plunger 13 is provided with a T-shaped hook which is fitted with the T-shaped grooves.
  • a water ring 3 is fixed at one end of the hollow main shaft 4 close to the coupling 18 , the water ring 3 is provided with a water inlet hole 31 , and the hollow main shaft 4 is provided with a through axial main water ring 3 . Holes, return water holes 33 and radial water distribution holes 32 , drainage holes 34 are provided on the extension shaft 8 , and axial water holes and radial water holes are provided on the fan-shaped plate 7 .
  • the water distribution holes 32 on the hollow main shaft 4 are connected with the radial water holes on the fan-shaped plate 7 through the flexible pipe 6 .
  • the cooling water enters the hydraulic cylinder 2 through the rotary joint 1, and then flows into the axial main water hole and the branch water hole 32 from the water inlet hole 31 on the water ring 3, and the water flow in the axial main water hole then flows from the drainage hole 34 through the water flow channel Discharge; the cooling water entering the fan-shaped plate 7 from the water distribution hole 32 then passes through the return water hole 33, and then is discharged from the drainage hole 34 through the water flow channel.
  • the specific structure of the fan-shaped plate 7 is shown in Figures 4 and 5.
  • the fan-shaped plate 7 includes axial water holes, radial water holes and plugs; the water holes can be blocked by plugs 9 or other methods.
  • the radial water holes are communicated with the axial water holes to form a loop; the left and right sides of the fan-shaped plate 7 are provided with radial water holes, thereby forming a water flow channel of radial water holes-axial water holes-radial water holes; 7.
  • the upper water hole is connected to the shunt water hole 32 and the return water hole 33 on the hollow main shaft 4 by the radial water holes on the left and right sides respectively through the pipe joint 5 and the flexible pipe 6, and the cooling water enters the fan-shaped plate 7 through the radial water holes.
  • the fan-shaped plate 7 is cooled by the axial water hole flowing through the fan-shaped plate 7, and then flows back to the return water hole 33 inside the hollow main shaft 4 through the radial water hole through the flexible pipe 6, and finally converges to the extension shaft 8.
  • the spool is discharged.
  • cooling water is used as the cooling medium for the cooling roll, and other safe liquids with high specific heat capacity and low melting point can also be selected as the cooling medium, which will not be listed here.
  • cooling liquid and lubricating oil are supplied at the end through the rotary joint 1, therefore, in order to solve the problem of measuring the displacement of the mandrel 10, a detector 19 is fixedly connected to the coupling 18 that is fixedly connected with the mandrel 10; The detector 19 is fixedly connected to the shaft coupling 18 through the fixed seat 17 . Since the detector 19 is fixedly connected to the mandrel 10 , the displacement of the mandrel 10 can be accurately calibrated by accurately measuring the displacement of the detector 19 . Calibration roll expansion diameter.
  • a displacement sensor 20 is also provided.
  • the displacement sensor 20 is installed on the fixing bracket of the unit, and is used for measuring the displacement of the detector 19 .
  • the displacement of the detector 19 can also be measured by other inductive sensors, but in the environment of the present invention, due to environmental problems of the factory, the detection is often inaccurate due to environmental influences. Therefore, the present invention selects the laser or ultrasonic displacement sensor 20 .
  • the ultrasonic displacement sensor 20 arranged on the fixed support of the unit uses the ultrasonic wave or laser reflected by the detector 19 to measure the displacement. Even if the detector 19 vibrates partially, the accurate measurement of the displacement sensor 20 will not be affected.
  • the distance between the detector 19 and the displacement sensor 20 is at least 50 mm, so as to avoid the problem of wear and tear caused by excessive jumping.
  • the position setting of the sensor and the detector 19 confirms the accuracy of displacement detection in the case of micro-vibration, and avoids affecting the expansion diameter calibration of the reel.

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  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Winding Of Webs (AREA)

Abstract

一种热轧卷筒，包括机组固定支架、安装于所述机组固定支架上的旋转接头（1）、液压缸（2）、联轴器（18）、柱塞（13）、扇形板（7）、芯轴（10）和套设于所述芯轴（10）上的空心主轴（4），空心主轴（4）套设在芯轴（10）上，所述芯轴（10）表面均匀分布多个滑动面，所述柱塞（13）设置于所述滑动面上，所述空心主轴（4）远离所述联轴器（18）一端连接延伸轴（8），还包括润滑系统和冷却系统，其中润滑系统通过油路对柱塞（13）和滑动面接触位置进行润滑，其中冷却系统通过水路对空心主轴（4）和扇形板（7）进行冷却，润滑系统和冷却系统通过设置在同一位置的旋转接头（1）分别供应润滑油和冷却液。该热轧卷筒润滑和冷却效果好，且卷筒标定准确。

Description

一种热轧卷筒 技术领域
本发明涉及热轧板带卷取设备技术领域，尤其涉及一种热轧卷筒。
背景技术
卷取机是将钢材卷取成卷筒状的轧钢车间重要关键设备。冷轧卷筒在冷带钢连轧机上布置在成品机座之后；在单机架可逆冷带轧机上则安装在轧机的前后。此外，它也安装在连续酸洗机组、纵剪、退火、涂层等各种精整机组中。热轧卷筒用于卷取热轧后的钢带。热轧钢带其具有高温的特点，需要对卷筒进行冷却。
现有热轧卷取机的卷筒一般存在如下四个问题：
1、旋转接头内部设有通孔，位移传感器通过旋转接头内部孔与涨缩油缸活塞杠连接，用于测量油缸活塞杆的是实时位移情况，进而标定卷筒胀缩值大小。此种测量方式常因旋转接头跳动过大造成磁尺位移传感器磨损而引起位移传感器不能正常工作。
2、传统的热轧卷取机冷却是外冷却液直接作用于钢板以及卷筒外部，无法对卷筒内部进行冷却，卷筒内部温度高，热疲劳严重，卷筒寿命低。
3、传统的热轧卷筒采用一个斜面上设有两个柱塞，因其空间限制，卷筒内部润滑系统采用递进式分配器，各个润滑油路采用串联，润滑效果不理想。
4、卷筒内部弹簧目前采用50CrVA或者日本SWOSC材质，耐高温小于210℃，卷筒卷取板材一般温度大于600℃，卷筒经常因弹簧失效或者断裂而引起卷筒内部异响，精度下降，进而下线，严重影响卷筒寿命。
以上技术问题中，有一些已经被现有技术关注到并且解决了，有一些目前尚未能解决，还有一些因为技术问题之间存在一定的互相关联性，因此没有能完全解决。
现有技术CN108144987A公开了一种柱塞式卷取机热轧卷筒，它包括涨缩油缸、连接体、空心主轴、延伸轴、楔形拉杆、扇形板、前部耐磨板、柱塞钢套、尾部耐磨板、端面耐磨板，它还包括开环式水通道冷却系统；它还包括润滑系统，润滑系统包括总润滑油路和若干个分润滑油路；它还包括连杆销轴的防松结构。该发明的优点是：一、开环式冷却系统中的冷却水可以进行回收，保证钢卷的质量，避免造成扇形板等零件上的润滑油流失；使得冷却水在卷筒内部的流速和流量有了极大保障，保证了空心主轴的冷却效果；对空心主轴和楔形拉杆内部的润滑油也有明显的保护作用，即高温情况下干油不会碳化成块而堵 住卷筒内部的油路，使得相对滑动的面得到有效的润滑；二、点对点的润滑润滑可保证每个润滑点的油量，干油的利用率提高到80％左右；该发明楔形拉杆斜面的润滑是在空心主轴与楔形拉杆之间通过采用活塞密封形成的润滑油路直接将润滑干油楔形拉杆斜面，舍去了现有的柔性管结构；该发明对柱塞钢套实现润滑，使得柱塞铜套与柱塞孔之间的间隙很小，大大地提高了精度；该发明保证了三块耐磨板、楔形拉杆衬套、各轴承、空心主轴的润滑，使得相对滑动的面得到有效的润滑；三、该发明很好地防止连杆销轴松动，提高卷取的精度。该发明存在问题是：1空心主轴内部设置有大量的通道，通过通道对空心主轴和卷筒的其他部件进行冷却，但是无法解决直接冷却扇形板的问题，而扇形板是直接接触热轧钢材的部分，导致扇形板的变形等问题；2是空心主轴内设置大量的通道，这些导致空心主轴加工困难，且通道之间存在连接处，连接处密封要求高，如果密封不好就会导致冷却水外泄，从而污染钢材，这带来了新的问题；3主油路通过空心主轴后进入芯轴，进油位置存在滑动磨擦，密封要求高难度大；卷筒本身的精度要求相对于该部分密封的精度要求要低很多，但是不得不为了满足该部分精度要求，就提高了整体加工工艺成本；4由于旋转接头形状受限，同时送水和送油会导致卷筒的测量控制传感器的安装位置受限。
现有技术CN107081349B公开了一种热轧卷取机卷筒冷却系统，包括：套装在转轴上的给水器；连通给水器的卷筒涨缩油缸内壁上的流水孔；在空心主轴内部沿圆周方向均匀设置的若干第一轴向进水孔；在空心主轴以及延伸轴内部沿圆周方向均匀设置的若干第二轴向进水孔；在空心主轴以及延伸轴内部沿圆周方向均匀设置的若干轴向回水孔以及在第二轴向进水孔、轴向回水孔的末端连通的排水孔；在扇形板内部设置的冷却水孔。由于在与高温接触的热轧卷筒扇形板内部设置了可以回流的冷却水孔，冷却水不仅可以在空心主轴内部不间断的流动，还可以在扇形板的内部不间断的流动，持续对扇形板进行冷却,大大提高了扇形板乃至整个卷筒的冷却效果。该发明存在的问题是，冷却效果得到了提高和改善，但是润滑的问题由于整体布置原因，润滑效果依然较差。
发明内容
针对现有技术中所存在的不足，本发明提供了一种热轧卷筒，其解决了现有技术中存在的问题。
一种热轧卷筒，包括机组固定支架、安装于所述机组固定支架上的旋转接头、液压缸、联轴器、芯轴、柱塞、扇形板、空心主轴，空心主轴套设在芯轴上，所述芯轴表面均匀分布多个滑动面，所述柱塞与所述滑动面滑动接触配合，还包括润滑系统和冷却系统，其中润滑系统通过油路对柱塞和滑动面接触位置进行润滑，其中冷却系统通过水路对空心主轴 和扇形板进行冷却，润滑系统和冷却系统通过设置在同一位置的旋转接头分别供应润滑油和冷却液。
进一步的，其中与柱塞轴线平行的柱塞的侧面上均设置有沟槽，侧面上的沟槽彼此相连从而形成回路，沟槽内设置有密封圈。
进一步的，其中芯轴上设置有凹槽，凹槽内设置有密封圈，密封圈在芯轴和空心主轴之间形成可滑动的密封。
进一步的，所述空心主轴远离所述联轴器一端连接有延伸轴。
进一步的，其中空心主轴和延伸轴连接的位置通过设置在凹槽内的密封圈形成密封。
进一步的，其中润滑系统包括设置于所述芯轴内的两条以上并联的进油油路以及两条以上的并联的分油油路。
进一步的，其中进油油路和分油油路分别与分配器连接，其中分配器包括两个以上进油口、两个以上分油口和主腔体；进油口和分油口分别与主腔体连接；其中单个进油口与单个进油油路连接；单个分油口与单个分油油路连接。
进一步的，其中芯轴上的进油油路通过柔性管与旋转接头相连。
进一步的，其中出油孔向滑动面供油，出油孔通过供油油路与分油油路连接。
进一步的，其中一个以上的供油油路连接到一个分油油路。
进一步的，其中热轧卷筒内形成向芯轴的滑动面供油的润滑空间，该润滑空间通过出油孔向润滑空间供油，该润滑空间通过设置在热轧卷筒上的排气出油口排气出油。
进一步的，其中排气出油口所排出润滑油直接导出至扇形板的导向面。
进一步的，其中排气出油口内装有单向排气阀。
进一步的，所述空心主轴靠近所述联轴器一端固定有水环，所述水环上设有进水孔，所述空心主轴内开有贯通的轴向主水孔和回流水孔以及径向的分流水孔，所述延伸轴上设置有排水孔；所述扇形板的两端分别设有一个以上的径向水孔，扇形板上还设置有一个以上的轴向水孔，其中两端的对应的径向水孔通过一个轴向水孔相连从而形成冷却液通路；其中两端径向水孔中的一个为扇形板进水孔，另一个为扇形板出水孔。
进一步的，其中扇形板进水孔和扇形板出水孔通过柔性管与空心主轴相连。
进一步的，其中水环上进水孔通过柔性管与旋转接头相连。
进一步的，其中柱塞上垂直于扇形板的端面上设置有盲孔，盲孔内设置有弹簧和弹簧盖；其中弹簧盖与扇形板接触，弹簧盖由盲孔内的弹簧支撑。
进一步的，其中盲孔上部为光孔，下部为螺纹孔。
进一步的，其中柱塞与扇形板接触的一端形成为T型勾头；柱塞的T型勾头与扇形板的T型沟槽配合。
进一步的，还包括检测器，所述检测器通过固定座与所述联轴器固定连接，与检测器配合使用的还包括安装于所述机组固定支架上的超声波或激光位移传感器。
通过本发明的技术方案，由于润滑油和冷却液均通过旋转接头送出，并且润滑油和冷却液均能够得到较好的密封，不存在因工作产生磨损而导致液体渗漏的可能性。
本发明的卷筒通过两处可滑动密封和一处静态密封，从而在卷筒内形成润滑空间，润滑空间的润滑油可以流动。通过供油孔向润滑空间供油，通过排气出油口将润滑油导向扇形板的导向面。这种结构在卷筒内形成了闭合的润滑油空间，润滑油排出后为扇形板的导向面进行润滑，整个系统不存在润滑油的泄露；从而很好的将润滑和水冷独立分开。同时由于润滑油排出后直接导向扇形板，因此对于扇形板的导向面不用再单独考虑润滑的问题。
通过使用柔性管道将润滑油接入芯轴内，减少了整体油孔加工量，便于后续维修维护，提高了设备的使用效率。
通过与芯轴固定连接设置的检测器，能够在兼顾冷却和润滑的前提下，准确测定芯轴的位移，从而为标定涨径提供依据。
本发明的柱塞通过设置柱塞盖、弹簧、沟槽，使得柱塞既能缓冲扇形板，又能提高沟槽内的密封圈的寿命。
附图说明
图1是本发明一种热轧内水冷卷筒沿冷却液孔中心剖面示意图；
图2是图1中A-A处的剖面示意图；
图3是图1中B-B处的剖面示意图；
图4是扇形板的结构示意图；
图5是图4中C-C处的剖面示意图；
图6是本发明一种热轧内水冷卷筒沿柱塞中心剖面示意图；
图7是图6的部分区域放大图；
图8-图9是柱塞结构示意图。
上述附图中：1、旋转接头；2、液压缸；3、水环；4、空心主轴；5、管接头；6、柔性管；7、扇形板；8、延伸轴；9、堵头；10、芯轴；11、阀座；12、双线分配器；13、柱塞；14、弹簧；15、弹簧盖；16、螺钉；17、固定座；18、联轴器；19、检测器；20、超声波位移传感器；21、碳纤维耐磨板；22、隔热板；23、铜合金耐磨层；31、进水孔；32、 分流水孔；33、回流水孔；34、排水孔；41、单向阀；42；密封圈；43、密封圈；44、润滑油；45、排气出油口；46、导向滑动面。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图及实施例对本发明中的技术方案进一步说明。
如图1、图3和图6示出了一种热轧内水冷卷筒，包括机组固定支架和安装于所述机组固定支架上且依次相连的旋转接头1、液压缸2、联轴器18、芯轴10和套设于所述芯轴10上的空心主轴4，所述空心主轴4与所述芯轴10的一端设置扇形板7和柱塞13，所述芯轴10上均匀分布多个滑动面，所述柱塞13设置于所述滑动面上，所述空心主轴4远离所述联轴器18一端连接延伸轴8；还包括润滑系统，所述润滑系统包括设置于所述芯轴10内的两条以上并联的进油油路、多条分油油路，润滑系统通过还包括分配器12，分配器12与芯轴10的进油油路和分油油路连接，从而将进油油路进来的润滑油分入分油油路；分配器12具有两个进油口和多个并联的分油口，两个所述进油口各连通一条所述进油油路，所述每个分油口分别与分油油路联通。芯轴10内的进油油路和分配器12的进油口可以为两个以上；通过这样的结构，润滑油分配时可以通过并联的方式流入，同时通过并联的方式流出，即便由于高温烘烤下部分润滑油烤干堵塞油路，也不会导致润滑系统失效。
本发明的润滑系统和冷却系统通过设置在同一位置的旋转接头1分别供应润滑油和冷却液。在热轧生产线中，在满足功能的情况下降低卷筒设备的整体体积并提高可靠性是非常重要的。现有技术CN108144987A的柱塞式卷筒机有效利用了旋转接头处的整体空间，能够实现润滑和冷却。但是，该文献通过连接体内设置油路，从而将润滑油送入芯轴内，并进一步实现对摩擦点的润滑。这种方式下，卷筒芯轴、连接体等具有多个配合的部件，这些部件之间还需要加工相应的油路，一方面是成本较高，另一方面在接口处容易导致润滑油产生碳块从而阻塞油路。此外，该文献公开的方案在向芯轴供油时，芯轴上的油口是不固定的、存在轴向的滑动，容易导致润滑油的泄露。总体来说，这种方式虽然能够完成润滑和冷却，但是卷筒的润滑并不可靠，润滑出现问题后的检修也不方便。
如图3所示，本实施例中的芯轴10上的进油油路包括进油孔A和进油孔B，进油孔在芯轴10中延伸形成进油油路，出油孔包括出油孔C1、出油孔C2、出油孔D1、出油孔D2、出油孔E1、出油孔E2以及四个出油孔F，出油孔在芯轴10中延伸形成供油油路，从而实现对所有的滑动面供油。所述进油孔A和进油孔B各自对应一条进油油路，各出油孔各自对应一条供油油路，一条以上供油油路与一条分油油路连接。
本实施例的润滑原理为：润滑油通过旋转接头1进入液压缸2，旋转接头选用现有技 术中通用的旋转接头；再通过柔性管6和管接头5连接到芯轴10的进油孔A、B，两路润滑油分别通过两条进油油路进入分配器12的两个进油口，随后进入若干分油油路，各个分油油路并联，供油油路连接到分油油路，供油油路向出油孔供给润滑油，通过出油孔喷出的润滑油喷向芯轴10的各个滑动面，从而实现对滑动面的润滑。
本发明通过柔性管6将旋转接头1送出的润滑油送入芯轴10内，仅需考虑芯轴10上的油路加工本身，降低了成本；并且柔性管6连接的方式，在卷筒机润滑出现问题后停机检测也更为容易，通过将柔性管6拆卸，即可利用其他设备对芯轴10内油路进行压力检测和清洁，减少了卷筒机停机检修导致的生产线整体检修时间。
本发明中，芯轴10上的斜面与柱塞13的斜面对应；柱塞13轴向固定在空心主轴4上；当芯轴10发生轴向方向移动时，柱塞13发生径向方向的位移，从而顶起扇形板7。在这个过程中，通过分油油路向柱塞13和芯轴10的接触位置送入润滑油；润滑油通过与分油油路连接的径向分油支路进入润滑位置，从而实现对接触位置的润滑。
发明人发现，利用柱塞13顶起扇形面7时，作用力较大，会导致钢卷的晃动等，从而影响卷取效果；本发明设计了一种新的柱塞13结构；参见附图8-8，柱塞13内设有盲孔，所述盲孔内安装弹簧14，所述弹簧14为含WV系耐高温弹簧钢制成，耐温可达500℃；弹簧14上端设有弹簧盖15；当柱塞13受到芯轴10作用顶起扇形板7时，由弹簧14作用力首先将弹簧盖15顶起，缓冲了柱塞13作用在扇形板7上的作用力，使得钢材的卷起更加稳定。弹簧14上端设置的弹簧盖15平时用螺钉16固定在柱塞13内；在使用时，需要安装在卷筒内，此时取出螺钉16；由于扇形板7和芯轴10的共同限制，从而弹簧盖15和弹簧14限定在柱塞13的盲孔内。
参见图7，柱塞13垂直于扇形板7的端面的侧面上均设置有沟槽，侧面上的沟槽彼此相连从而形成回路，也就是形成了一个围绕着柱塞13的闭环的沟槽，在该沟槽内放置密封圈，沟槽内放置密封圈后，沟槽内的润滑油不会通过柱塞10与空心主轴4之间的空隙流出。同时，在空心主轴和芯轴之间也设置有密封圈，密封圈安装在空心主轴或者芯轴上的凹槽内，从而在空心主轴和芯轴之间形成隔离，避免芯轴和空心主轴之间的润滑油流出；空心主轴和芯轴之间会发生相对的滑动，该密封圈42会发生相对的磨擦。此外，在空心芯轴和延伸轴之间也设置有密封圈43，密封圈安装在空心主轴或者延伸轴上的凹槽内；该密封是静止的。通过空心主轴和芯轴之间的密封、空心芯轴和延伸轴之间的密封，以及柱塞和空心主轴之间的密封。本发明的卷筒通过两处可滑动密封和一处静态密封，从而在卷筒内形成润滑空间，润滑空间的润滑油44可以流动。通过供油孔向润滑空间供油，通过排气 出油口45将润滑油导向扇形板的导向面；排气出油口处安装有单向阀，润滑油和气体可以从润滑空间向外部喷出。这种结构在卷筒内形成了闭合的润滑油空间，润滑油排出后为扇形板的导向面进行润滑，整个系统不存在润滑油的泄露；从而很好的将润滑和水冷独立分开。同时由于润滑油排出后直接导向扇形板，因此对于扇形板的导向面不用再单独考虑润滑的问题。
同时，解决了现有技术的热轧卷筒因冷却和润滑问题造成的寿命较短的技术问题。
本发明的柱塞13内设置的弹簧14一方面缓冲了对扇形板7的冲击力，另一方面，由于弹簧14的作用，沟槽内的密封圈相对于空心主轴4的摩擦速度降低，降低了密封圈在使用时的损耗，提高了密封圈的使用寿命。本发明的
如图8、图9所示，柱塞13采用锻钢作为基体，在各滑动配合面堆焊铜合金耐磨层23。所述扇形板7和芯轴10上均设有T型槽，所述柱塞13上设有与所述T型槽配合安装的T型勾头。
参考图1，所述空心主轴4靠近所述联轴器18一端固定有水环3，所述水环3上设有进水孔31，所述空心主轴4内开有贯通的轴向主水孔和回流水孔33以及径向的分流水孔32，所述延伸轴8上设置有排水孔34，所述扇形板7上设有轴向水孔和径向水孔。空心主轴4上的分流水孔32与扇形板7上的径向水孔通过柔性管6连接。冷却水通过旋转接头1进入液压缸2，然后从水环3上的进水孔31流入轴向主水孔和分流水孔32，轴向主水孔内的水流随后通过水流通道从排水孔34排出；从分流水孔32进入扇形板7内的冷却水随后通过回流水孔33，然后通过水流通道从排水孔34排出。
扇形板7的具体结构如图4、图5所示，扇形板7上包括轴向水孔、径向水孔以及堵头；水孔口处可用堵头9或者其他方式堵死。径向水孔与轴向水孔连通，形成回路；扇形板7左右两侧各设置径向水孔，从而形成了径向水孔-轴向水孔-径向水孔的水流通道；扇形板7上水孔由左右两侧径向水孔分别通过管接头5和柔性管6与空心主轴4上的分流水孔32和回流水孔33接通，冷却水通过径向水孔进入扇形板7内，在流过扇形板7内的轴向水孔对扇形板7进行冷却，再经过径向水孔经柔性管6回流至空心主轴4内部的回流水孔33，最终汇流到延伸轴8的排水孔34中，排出卷筒。
本发明中使用冷却水作为冷却卷筒的冷却介质，也可以选择其他具有高的比热容的、低的熔点的安全的液体作为冷却介质，在此不再一一列举。
本发明由于在端部通过旋转接头1处供应冷却液和润滑油，因此，为了解决芯轴10位移测量问题，在与芯轴10固定连接的所述联轴器18上固定连接检测器19；该检测器19 通过固定座17与所述联轴器18固定连接，检测器19由于与芯轴10固定连接，因此准确测定检测器19的位移即可准确标定芯轴10的位移，从而能够精确标定卷筒胀径。
在本发明中还设置有位移传感器20，位移传感器20安装于机组固定支架上，其用于测量检测器19的位移。一般来说通过其他感应传感器也可以测定检测器19的位移，但是在本发明的环境中，由于工厂环境问题，经常会由于环境影响，导致检测不准确。因此本发明选用激光或超声波位移传感器20。通过设置在机组固定支架上的超声波位移传感器20，利用检测器19反射的超声波或者激光来测定位移，即便检测器19发生部分的振动，也不会影响到位移传感器20的精确测量。对于本发明来说,所述检测器19与所述位移传感器20之间的距离至少为50mm，避免因跳动过大而造成磨损的问题。通过传感器和检测器19的位置设置，确证了在发生微量振动情况下位移检测的准确性，避免影响卷筒胀径标定。
最后说明的是，以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案而非限制，尽管参照较佳实施例对本发明进行了详细说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解，可以对本发明的技术方案进行修改或者等同替换，而不脱离本发明技术方案的宗旨和范围，其均应涵盖在本发明的权利要求范围当中。

Claims (20)

  1. 一种热轧卷筒，包括机组固定支架、安装于所述机组固定支架上的旋转接头、液压缸、联轴器、芯轴、柱塞、扇形板、空心主轴，空心主轴套设在芯轴上，所述芯轴表面均匀分布多个滑动面，所述柱塞与所述滑动面滑动接触配合，还包括润滑系统和冷却系统，其中润滑系统通过油路对柱塞和滑动面接触位置进行润滑，其中冷却系统通过水路对空心主轴和扇形板进行冷却，其特征在于：润滑系统和冷却系统通过设置在同一位置的旋转接头分别供应润滑油和冷却液。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的热轧卷筒，其中与柱塞轴线平行的柱塞的侧面上均设置有沟槽，侧面上的沟槽彼此相连从而形成回路，沟槽内设置有密封圈。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的热轧卷筒，其中芯轴上设置有凹槽，凹槽内设置有密封圈，密封圈在芯轴和空心主轴之间形成可滑动的密封。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的热轧卷筒，所述空心主轴远离所述联轴器一端连接有延伸轴。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的热轧卷筒，其中空心主轴和延伸轴连接的位置通过设置在凹槽内的密封圈形成密封。
  6. 如权利要求1所述的热轧卷筒，其中润滑系统包括设置于所述芯轴内的两条以上并联的进油油路以及两条以上的并联的分油油路。
  7. 如权利要求6所述的热轧卷筒，其中进油油路和分油油路分别与分配器连接，其中分配器包括两个以上进油口、两个以上分油口和主腔体；进油口和分油口分别与主腔体连接；其中单个进油口与单个进油油路连接；单个分油口与单个分油油路连接。
  8. 如权利要求6所述的热轧卷筒，其中芯轴上的进油油路通过柔性管与旋转接头相连。
  9. 如权利要求1所述的热轧卷筒，其中出油孔向滑动面供油，出油孔通过供油油路与分油油路连接。
  10. 如权利要求7所述的热轧卷筒，其中一个以上的供油油路连接到一个分油油路。
  11. 如权利要求1所述的热轧卷筒，其中热轧卷筒内形成向芯轴的滑动面供油的润滑空间，该润滑空间通过出油孔向润滑空间供油，该润滑空间通过设置在热轧卷筒上的排气出油口排气出油。
  12. 如权利要求11所述的热轧卷筒，其中排气出油口所排出润滑油直接导出至扇形板的导向面。
  13. 如权利要求11所述的热轧卷筒，其中排气出油口内装有单向排气阀。
  14. 如权利要求1所述的一种热轧卷筒，其特征在于：所述空心主轴靠近所述联轴器 一端固定有水环，所述水环上设有进水孔，所述空心主轴内开有贯通的轴向主水孔和回流水孔以及径向的分流水孔，所述延伸轴上设置有排水孔；所述扇形板的两端分别设有一个以上的径向水孔，扇形板上还设置有一个以上的轴向水孔，其中两端的对应的径向水孔通过一个轴向水孔相连从而形成冷却液通路；其中两端径向水孔中的一个为扇形板进水孔，另一个为扇形板出水孔。
  15. 如权利要求14所述的热轧卷筒，其中扇形板进水孔和扇形板出水孔通过柔性管与空心主轴相连。
  16. 如权利要求14所述的热轧卷筒，其中水环上进水孔通过柔性管与旋转接头相连。
  17. 如权利要求1所述的热轧卷筒，其中柱塞上垂直于扇形板的端面上设置有盲孔，盲孔内设置有弹簧和弹簧盖；其中弹簧盖与扇形板接触，弹簧盖由盲孔内的弹簧支撑。
  18. 如权利要求17所述的热轧卷筒，其中盲孔上部为光孔，下部为螺纹孔。
  19. 如权利要求1所述的热轧卷筒，其中柱塞与扇形板接触的一端形成为T型勾头；柱塞的T型勾头与扇形板的T型沟槽配合。
  20. 如权利要求1所述的热轧卷筒，还包括检测器，所述检测器通过固定座与所述联轴器固定连接，与检测器配合使用的还包括安装于所述机组固定支架上的超声波或激光位移传感器。
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