WO2022121478A1 - 壳体组件及其制备方法和电子设备 - Google Patents

壳体组件及其制备方法和电子设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022121478A1
WO2022121478A1 PCT/CN2021/122382 CN2021122382W WO2022121478A1 WO 2022121478 A1 WO2022121478 A1 WO 2022121478A1 CN 2021122382 W CN2021122382 W CN 2021122382W WO 2022121478 A1 WO2022121478 A1 WO 2022121478A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
pointed
housing assembly
glass body
pointed protruding
edge
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2021/122382
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
敖玉银
邱惊龙
孙文峰
韩泽
詹建波
徐钦昌
Original Assignee
Oppo广东移动通信有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Oppo广东移动通信有限公司 filed Critical Oppo广东移动通信有限公司
Publication of WO2022121478A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022121478A1/zh

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C15/00—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by etching
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C17/00—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
    • C03C17/22—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with other inorganic material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04M—TELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04M1/00—Substation equipment, e.g. for use by subscribers
    • H04M1/02—Constructional features of telephone sets
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K5/00—Casings, cabinets or drawers for electric apparatus
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C2217/00—Coatings on glass
    • C03C2217/70—Properties of coatings
    • C03C2217/77—Coatings having a rough surface
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C2218/00—Methods for coating glass
    • C03C2218/10—Deposition methods
    • C03C2218/11—Deposition methods from solutions or suspensions
    • C03C2218/111—Deposition methods from solutions or suspensions by dipping, immersion

Definitions

  • the present application belongs to the technical field of electronic products, and in particular relates to a casing assembly, a preparation method thereof, and an electronic device.
  • the present application provides a case assembly, a preparation method thereof, and an electronic device.
  • the case assembly has an anti-glare effect and a flashing effect, and can present a sparkling visual effect, which greatly improves the case assembly and electronic equipment. Appearance expressive, enhance product competitiveness.
  • the present application provides a housing assembly, comprising a glass body, the glass body has a first surface, the first surface has a plurality of micron-scale pointed protrusion structures, the pointed protrusions
  • the protruding structure includes a tip, a bottom, and three edge cut surfaces extending from the tip to the bottom, wherein, in the plurality of pointed protruding structures, at least 95% of the length of the pointed protruding structures are The aspect ratio is 1:(0.2-0.5).
  • the present application provides a method for preparing a housing assembly, comprising:
  • a frosting liquid is provided, and the first surface of the glass body precursor is frosted and cleaned to obtain a shell assembly, wherein the frosting liquid contains a surfactant, ammonium ions, and at least one of magnesium ions and potassium ions An ion; the first surface has a plurality of pointed protruding structures, the pointed protruding structures include a tip, a bottom, and three edge cut surfaces extending from the tip to the bottom, the pointed The aspect ratio of the protruding structure is 1:(0.2-0.6).
  • the present application provides an electronic device, including a case assembly and a main board, the case assembly includes a glass body, the glass body has a first surface, and the first surface has a plurality of micron-scale A pointed protruding structure, the pointed protruding structure includes a tip, a bottom, and three facets extending from the tip to the bottom, wherein, among the plurality of pointed protruding structures, at least 95 % of the pointed protruding structures have an aspect ratio of 1:(0.2-0.5).
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a housing assembly provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of area A in FIG. 1 .
  • FIG 3 is a top view of a first surface of a glass body according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a housing assembly provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a housing assembly provided by another embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 7A is a schematic view of the surface microstructure of the housing assembly prepared in Example 1, where the scale is 100 ⁇ m.
  • FIG. 7B is a schematic view of the surface microstructure of the housing assembly prepared in Example 1, wherein the scale is 0.05 mm.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the surface microstructure of the housing assembly prepared in Comparative Example 1.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the surface microstructure of the housing assembly prepared in Comparative Example 2.
  • FIG. 10A is a schematic view of the surface of the housing assembly subjected to frosting treatment for 10 s in Example 1.
  • FIG. 10A is a schematic view of the surface of the housing assembly subjected to frosting treatment for 10 s in Example 1.
  • FIG. 10B is a schematic view of the surface of the shell assembly subjected to frosting treatment for 30 s in Example 1.
  • FIG. 10B is a schematic view of the surface of the shell assembly subjected to frosting treatment for 30 s in Example 1.
  • FIG. 10C is a schematic view of the surface of the shell assembly subjected to frosting treatment for 60 s in Example 1.
  • FIG. 10C is a schematic view of the surface of the shell assembly subjected to frosting treatment for 60 s in Example 1.
  • FIG. 10D is a schematic view of the surface of the housing assembly prepared in Example 1.
  • FIG. 10D is a schematic view of the surface of the housing assembly prepared in Example 1.
  • Glass body-10 first surface-101, second surface-102, pointed protruding structure-11, tip-111, bottom-112, bevel-cut surface-113, decorative layer-20, housing assembly-100.
  • An embodiment of the present application provides a housing assembly, including a glass body, the glass body has a first surface, and the first surface has a plurality of micron-scale pointed protruding structures, the pointed protruding structures It includes a tip, a bottom, and three edge cut surfaces extending from the tip to the bottom, wherein, in the plurality of pointed protruding structures, at least 95% of the pointed protruding structures have an aspect ratio is 1: (0.2-0.5).
  • the pointed protruding structure includes at least one of a triangular pyramid and a triangular pyramid-like structure.
  • intersection of the three edge cut planes in two pairs respectively forms a first edge, a second edge and a third edge, and the lengths of the first edge, the second edge and the third edge are The ratio is 1:(0.8-1.2):(2-6).
  • the ratio of the height of the first edge to the pointed protruding structure is 1: (3-7).
  • At least 95% of the pointed protrusion structures have an aspect ratio of 1:(0.25-0.4).
  • the height of the pointed protruding structure is 10 ⁇ m-15 ⁇ m, the length is 90 ⁇ m-200 ⁇ m, and the width is 30 ⁇ m-60 ⁇ m.
  • the ratio of length to height of the pointed protruding structure is not less than 6.
  • the length to height ratio of the pointed protruding structure is 6-25.
  • the surface roughness of the first surface is 1.5 ⁇ m-2.1 ⁇ m
  • the haze of the glass body is 70%-90%
  • the light transmittance is 45%-55%.
  • the distance between the adjacent pointed protrusion structures is 0 ⁇ m-30 ⁇ m.
  • the glass body contains at least one of magnesium element and potassium element, wherein the mass content of the magnesium element is 1%-12%, and the mass content of the potassium element is 1%-12%.
  • the glass body is tempered glass.
  • the housing assembly further includes a decoration layer
  • the glass body has the first surface and the second surface arranged oppositely, the decoration layer is arranged on the second surface of the glass housing;
  • the The decorative layer includes at least one of a color layer, an optical film layer, a texture layer, a protective layer and a cover bottom layer.
  • the casing assembly further includes a protective layer, and the protective layer is disposed on the first surface of the glass casing; the thickness of the protective layer is less than 50 ⁇ m.
  • An embodiment of the present application provides a method for preparing a casing assembly, including: providing a frosting liquid, and performing frosting treatment and cleaning on a first surface of a glass body precursor to obtain a casing assembly, wherein the frosting liquid is comprising surfactant, ammonium ions, and at least one ion of magnesium ions and potassium ions; the first surface has a plurality of pointed protruding structures, the pointed protruding structures include a tip, a bottom, and a For the three edge cut surfaces extending from the tip to the bottom, the length-width ratio of the pointed protruding structure is 1:(0.2-0.6).
  • the frosting liquid includes:
  • the frosting liquid includes:
  • the temperature of the frosting treatment is 25°C-32°C, and the time is 4min-6min.
  • An embodiment of the present application provides an electronic device, including a case assembly and a main board, the case assembly includes a glass body, the glass body has a first surface, and the first surface has a plurality of micron-scale pointed A protruding structure, the pointed protruding structure includes a tip, a bottom, and three facets extending from the tip to the bottom, wherein, among the plurality of pointed protruding structures, at least 95% of the The aspect ratio of the pointed protruding structure is 1:(0.2-0.5).
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a housing assembly according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the housing assembly 100 includes a glass body 10 .
  • the glass body 10 has a first surface 101 , and the first surface 101 has a plurality of micron-scale tips.
  • protruding structure 11 Please refer to FIG. 2 , which is an enlarged view of area A in FIG. 1 , wherein the pointed protruding structure 11 includes a tip 111 , a bottom 112 , and three tangential surfaces 113 extending from the tip 111 to the bottom 112 .
  • the pointed protruding structures 11 at least 95% of the pointed protruding structures 11 have an aspect ratio of 1:(0.2-0.5).
  • the first surface 101 of the glass body 10 has a plurality of micron-scale pointed protruding structures 11 , so that the housing assembly 100 has a frosting effect, and the contact area of the pointed protruding structures 11 with the finger is small, so that the The effects of anti-fingerprint, anti-scratch and anti-glare are realized;
  • the pointed convex structure 11 has a plurality of edge-cut surfaces 113, and light is reflected on the edge-cut surfaces 113. Due to the different angles of the edge-cut surfaces 113, different directions can be generated. The reflected light on the surface achieves a sparkling effect, which greatly enriches the visual effect of the housing assembly 100 .
  • the aspect ratios of most of the pointed protruding structures 11 are not much different. Since the pointed protruding structures 11 are of micron size, most of the pointed protruding structures 11 have a high similarity in the microscopic topography and structure. , the uniformity is good, which is beneficial to the improvement of the uniformity of the flash effect of the housing assembly 100 on the macroscopic level. Since the length of most of the pointed protruding structures 11 is much larger than the width, two of the three edge cutting surfaces 113 of the pointed protruding structures 11 have a larger area and can reflect more light. As a result, the luminous intensity of the edge cut surface 113 is higher, thereby improving the flashing intensity and flashing effect of the housing assembly 100 macroscopically.
  • the housing assembly 100 only has a frosted effect, and the surface is almost a round granular protrusion with a small particle size, which is prone to diffuse reflection and no glittering effect. It needs to be used with glittering ink to have glittering;
  • the provided housing assembly 100 avoids the use of flash ink, saves the production process and cost, and at the same time, the pointed protruding structures 11 on the first surface 101 have good morphology uniformity, high flash intensity, and very obvious flash effect.
  • the appearance of the housing assembly 100 is greatly improved.
  • the first surface 101 of the glass body 10 is the first surface 101 of the housing assembly 100 , and at least one surface of the glass body 10 has a pointed protruding structure 11 .
  • the glass body 10 has a first surface 101 and a second surface 102 disposed opposite to each other, wherein the second surface 102 may or may not have the pointed protruding structure 11 . limited. It can be understood that “first" and “second” in this application are only used for descriptive purposes.
  • the first surface 101 of the glass body 10 has a plurality of micron-scale pointed protruding structures 11 .
  • There are many edge-cut surfaces 113 and light is reflected on the plurality of edge-cut surfaces 113 , so that the pointed protruding structure 11 becomes a flash point, and the multiple pointed protruding structures 11 make the housing assembly 100 present a sparkling visual effect.
  • the pointed protruding structure 11 is composed of a tip 111 , a bottom 112 , and three facets 113 extending from the tip 111 to the bottom 112 .
  • each of the three facets 113 can reflect more light than the structure with four or more facets 113;
  • the length of most of the pointed convex structures 11 is much larger than the width, so that the area of two of the three edge cut surfaces 113 of the pointed convex structure 11 is larger, and the flash intensity and effect are stronger; at the same time,
  • the shape uniformity of the pointed protruding structures 11 is high, reaching more than 95%, and the uniformity of the flashing effect of the pointed protruding structures 11 is strong, which improves the uniformity of the flashing effect of the housing assembly 100 on the macroscopic level.
  • the pointed protruding structure 11 includes at least one of a triangular pyramid and a triangular pyramid-like structure.
  • the pointed protruding structures 11 are (like) triangular pyramids, so that the area of the two facets 113 is relatively larger, and the resulting light reflection intensity is higher, thereby producing a more obvious flashing effect.
  • the triangular-like pyramid is a structure similar to that of a triangular pyramid, for example, the tip 111 of the triangular-like pyramid is a plane shape and the like.
  • the pointed protruding structure 11 may be roughly the same as the (like) triangular pyramid topography structure, and certain deviations are allowed. Please refer to FIG.
  • FIG. 3 which is a top view of the first surface of the glass body according to an embodiment of the application, wherein the pointed protruding structures 11 on the first surface 101 of the glass body 10 are triangular pyramids, and when the light shines on the pointed protrusions When on the structure 11 , strong reflection, such as specular reflection, will be generated on the prismatic surface 113 , so as to generate a sparkling effect and improve the visual effect of the housing assembly 100 .
  • the length of the pointed protruding structure 11 is the maximum value of the distance between any two points on the contour line of the orthographic projection of the pointed protruding structure 11 on the second surface 102 of the glass body 10; the width is the same as the In the direction perpendicular to the length direction, the maximum value of the distance between any two points on the contour line of the orthographic projection; the height is the distance from the tip 111 to the bottom 112 of the pointed protruding structure 11 .
  • the pointed protruding structure 11 is a micron-scale structure and has a small size, relatively speaking, the aspect ratio of the pointed protruding structure 11 is within a certain range, and the height is in the micron-scale range, so that the two edges of the The cut surface 113 is relatively large, which can reflect a large amount of light, enhance the intensity of the reflected light, and improve the flash effect.
  • at least 95% of the pointed protruding structures 11 have an aspect ratio of 1:(0.2-0.5).
  • the pointed protrusion structures 11 taking the number of all the pointed protrusion structures 11 on the first surface 101 as 100%, at least 95% of the pointed protrusion structures 11 have an aspect ratio that satisfies the above conditions. It can be seen that the aspect ratios of most of the pointed protruding structures 11 satisfy this condition, so that the topographic uniformity of the pointed protruding structures 11 is good, and the uniformity and the quality of the housing assembly 100 are improved. Specifically, by measuring the length and width of the pointed protruding structures 11 per unit area, and calculating the aspect ratio, it is obtained through analysis that at least 95% of the aspect ratio is within the above range.
  • the aspect ratio of the pointed protruding structures 11 that can be, but not limited to, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, and at least 99% is 1:(0.2-0.5). In one embodiment, the aspect ratio of the pointed protruding structures 11 is 1:(0.2-0.5). All the pointed protruding structures 11 satisfy the above conditions, so that the uniformity of the morphology is high, and the flash effect on the macroscopic level is more uniform. In another embodiment, among the plurality of pointed protruding structures 11 , at least 95% of the pointed protruding structures 11 have an aspect ratio of 1:(0.25-0.4).
  • the difference in the aspect ratio of the pointed protruding structures 11 is made smaller, the uniformity of the pointed protruding structures 11 is further improved, and the quality of the housing assembly 100 is improved.
  • the aspect ratio of the pointed protruding structures 11 that can be, but not limited to, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, and at least 99% is 1:(0.25-0.4).
  • the aspect ratio of the pointed protruding structures 11 may be, but not limited to, 1:(0.2-0.3), 1:(0.2-0.4), 1:(0.25-0.5), 1:(0.3-0.5), 1: (0.3-0.5), 1: (0.4-0.5), etc.
  • the length of the pointed protruding structures 11 is 90 ⁇ m-200 ⁇ m. Further, the length is 100 ⁇ m-190 ⁇ m. Specifically, the length of the pointed protruding structures 11 may be, but not limited to, 90 ⁇ m, 100 ⁇ m, 110 ⁇ m, 125 ⁇ m, 135 ⁇ m, 150 ⁇ m, 160 ⁇ m, 175 ⁇ m, 185 ⁇ m, 200 ⁇ m, and the like. In another embodiment, the width of the pointed protruding structures 11 is 30 ⁇ m-60 ⁇ m. Further, the width is 35 ⁇ m-55 ⁇ m.
  • the width may be, but not limited to, 30 ⁇ m, 40 ⁇ m, 42 ⁇ m, 45 ⁇ m, 50 ⁇ m, 53 ⁇ m, 55 ⁇ m, 58 ⁇ m, 60 ⁇ m, and the like.
  • the length of the pointed protruding structures 11 is 90 ⁇ m-200 ⁇ m, and the width is 30 ⁇ m-60 ⁇ m.
  • the topography uniformity between the pointed convex structures 11 is high, which improves the uniformity and consistency of the appearance effect of the first surface 101 on a macroscopic level.
  • At least 95% of the pointed protruding structures 11 have an aspect ratio of 1:(0.2-0.5), and these pointed protruding structures 11 are evenly distributed on the first surface 101, which can improve the flashing effect. uniformity.
  • the ratio of length to height of the pointed protruding structures 11 is not less than 6. Therefore, in the micron-scale pointed protrusion structure 11, the change in height will not affect the shape of the pointed protrusion structure 11 too much, thereby ensuring that the shape uniformity of the pointed protrusion structure 11 is high and the uniformity of the flash effect is good.
  • the aspect ratio of the pointed protruding structures 11 is 1:(0.2-0.5), and the ratio of the length to the height of the pointed protruding structures 11 is not less than 6. Further, the ratio of length to height of the pointed protruding structures 11 is greater than 8. Furthermore, the ratio of length to height of the pointed protruding structures 11 is not greater than 25.
  • the roughness of the first surface 101 can be ensured, so as to have good anti-fingerprint, anti-glare, and anti-slip effects.
  • the length-to-height ratio of the pointed protruding structures 11 is 6-25.
  • the height of the pointed protruding structures 11 is 10 ⁇ m-15 ⁇ m.
  • the glass body 10 has a frosted touch, has an anti-fingerprint effect, and has a strong three-dimensional touch.
  • the height of the pointed protruding structures 11 is 11 ⁇ m-14 ⁇ m.
  • the height of the pointed protruding structures 11 is 12 ⁇ m-13.5 ⁇ m.
  • the height of the pointed protruding structures 11 may be, but not limited to, 10 ⁇ m, 10.6 ⁇ m, 11 ⁇ m, 11.5 ⁇ m, 12 ⁇ m, 12.5 ⁇ m, 13 ⁇ m, 14 ⁇ m, and the like.
  • the adjacent pointed protruding structures 11 may be seamlessly connected, and may also be spaced.
  • the distance between adjacent pointed protruding structures 11 is 0 ⁇ m-30 ⁇ m, so as to achieve dense or relatively scattered flashing effects. It can be understood that the distance between adjacent pointed protruding structures 11 is the minimum distance between the orthographic projection contour lines of adjacent pointed protruding structures 11 on the second surface 102 .
  • the spacing between adjacent pointed protrusion structures 11 may be, but not limited to, 0 ⁇ m, 0.5 ⁇ m, 3 ⁇ m, 5 ⁇ m, 10 ⁇ m, 16 ⁇ m, 20 ⁇ m, 25 ⁇ m, 30 ⁇ m, and the like.
  • the pointed protruding structures 11 with an aspect ratio of 1:(0.2-0.5) are uniformly distributed on the first surface 101 , and any adjacent pointed protruding structures 11 on the first surface 101 are arranged in a uniform manner.
  • the spacing between them can be the same or different.
  • the edge cut surface 113 has an acute included angle with the second surface.
  • the included angle of the acute angle is 10°-80°, so that the prismatic surface 113 can reflect the incident light within a larger angle range, thereby producing a sparkling effect.
  • the included angle of the acute angle is 30°-60°.
  • the acute angle may be, but not limited to, 10°, 20°, 30°, 40°, 50°, 60°, 70°, 80°, and the like.
  • there is an included angle between adjacent edge cut surfaces 113 there is an included angle between adjacent edge cut surfaces 113 .
  • the included angle between the adjacent edge cut surfaces 113 is an obtuse angle, so that the intensity of the reflected light can be greatly enhanced and the flashing effect can be improved.
  • the pointed protruding structures 11 are at least one of a triangular pyramid and a triangular-like pyramid, the three facets 113 intersect in pairs to form three edges.
  • the orthographic projection of the pointed protruding structures 11 on the surface of the second surface 102 is a triangle
  • the length of the pointed protruding structures 11 is the maximum side length of the triangle
  • the width is corresponding to the maximum side length.
  • the pointed protruding structure 11 has a first edge, a second edge and a third edge.
  • the length ratio of the first edge, the second edge and the third edge is 1:(0.8-1.2):(2-6).
  • the lengths of the three edges are similar, so that the area of the edge cut surfaces 113 in the pointed protruding structure 11 is similar, so that the flash effect at different angles is highly consistent.
  • the length ratio of the first edge, the second edge and the third edge is 1:(0.9-1.1):(3-5).
  • the length of the first edge may be, but not limited to, 30 ⁇ m-70 ⁇ m, 40 ⁇ m-60 ⁇ m, 40 ⁇ m-50 ⁇ m, and the like.
  • the length of the first edge may be, but not limited to, 100 ⁇ m-220 ⁇ m, 120 ⁇ m-200 ⁇ m, 150 ⁇ m-18 ⁇ m, and the like.
  • the ratio of the height of the first edge to the pointed protruding structure 11 is 1: (3-7). As a result, the shape of the pointed protruding structures 11 is relatively uniform, and the intensity of the flashing effect is improved. Further, the ratio of the height of the first edge to the pointed protruding structure 11 is 1: (4-6).
  • At least a part of the casing assembly 100 is formed by the glass body 10 , so that the casing assembly 100 has a frosted effect, and also has a sparkling flashing effect, with rich visual effects and strong expressiveness.
  • a part of the housing assembly 100 is composed of the glass body 10, and a part is composed of other materials, so that different material regions of the housing assembly 100 have different appearance effects, which greatly improves the housing assembly 100. appearance performance.
  • the case assembly 100 is formed of the glass body 10 , so that the entire case assembly 100 has frosting and glittering effects, and the overall consistency is good. Please refer to FIG.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a case assembly according to an embodiment of the present application, wherein the case assembly 100 is formed of a glass body 10 .
  • the housing assembly 100 has an inner surface and an outer surface disposed oppositely in use, and at this time, the first surface 101 is the outer surface or a part of the outer surface of the housing assembly 100, so that the frosting mixed flash effect can be achieved. render.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a casing assembly according to another embodiment of the present application, wherein the casing assembly 100 further includes a decoration layer 20 disposed on the second surface 102 of the glass body 10 .
  • the decoration layer 20 may be, but not limited to, at least one of a color layer, an optical film layer, a texture layer, a protective layer and a cover bottom layer.
  • the color layer is used to provide color
  • the optical film layer can produce a visual effect of light and shadow flow
  • the texture layer can provide a texture effect
  • the protective layer is used to protect the casing assembly 100
  • the cover bottom layer can protect a surface of the casing assembly 100. The side light is blocked.
  • the texture layer, the optical film layer, the color layer and the cover layer are sequentially disposed on the second surface 102 of the glass body 10 .
  • the optical film layer, the color layer and the cover layer are sequentially disposed on the second surface 102 of the glass body 10 .
  • the protective layer is disposed on the first surface 101 of the glass body 10 to protect the housing assembly 100 . Further, the thickness of the protective layer is less than 50 ⁇ m, so that the casing assembly 100 can play a protective role, and at the same time, the flashing effect of the pointed protruding structures 11 on the first surface 101 is not affected.
  • the glass body 10 may be a 2D structure, a 2.5D structure or a 3D structure, and the specific shape and size may be selected according to application requirements, thereby determining the shape structure of the housing assembly 100 .
  • the thicknesses of the glass body 10 and the shell assembly 100 can also be selected according to application requirements, specifically, but not limited to, selected from 0.1mm-1mm, 0.2mm-0.8mm, or 0.3mm-0.6mm, respectively.
  • the surface roughness of the first surface 101 is 1.5 ⁇ m-2.1 ⁇ m. Therefore, the housing assembly 100 can have obvious tactile and three-dimensional feeling, excellent anti-fingerprint, anti-glare, and anti-skid effects, and at the same time, the surface roughness range is small, and the macroscopic variation of the housing assembly 100 is small, thereby making the microscopic sharpness
  • the shape uniformity of the protruding structure 11 is high, which improves the quality of the housing assembly 100 .
  • the surface roughness of the first surface 101 is 1.6 ⁇ m-2 ⁇ m. Specifically, the surface roughness of the first surface 101 may be, but not limited to, 1.5 ⁇ m, 1.6 ⁇ m, 1.7 ⁇ m, 1.8 ⁇ m, 1.9 ⁇ m, 2 ⁇ m or 2.1 ⁇ m.
  • the haze of the glass body 10 is 70%-90%.
  • the housing assembly 100 can produce a hazy visual effect and improve the aesthetic feeling.
  • the haze of the glass body 10 is 75%-90%.
  • the haze of the glass body 10 is 75%-85%.
  • the haze of the glass body 10 may be, but not limited to, 70%, 72%, 75%, 77%, 80%, 83%, 85%, 90%, and the like.
  • the transmittance of the glass body 10 is 45%-55%.
  • the transmittance of the glass body 10 is the transmittance of light at a wavelength of 550 nm.
  • the glass body 10 has a wide transmittance range, and the required transmittance can be selected according to actual needs.
  • the transmittance of the glass body 10 is 48%-52%. At this time, the transmittance of the glass body 10 is low, so that more light is reflected, which in turn produces a strong flash effect.
  • the transmittance of the glass body 10 is 50%-80%. At this time, the glass body 10 has higher transmittance, better permeability, and stronger appearance expression.
  • the transmittance of the glass body 10 may be, but not limited to, 45%, 46%, 47%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 75%, 80%, and the like.
  • the glass body 10 contains magnesium element and/or potassium element.
  • the fluorosilicic acid generated during the frosting process can react with magnesium salts to produce magnesium fluorosilicate and/or potassium fluorosilicate, which is beneficial to the attachment of the primary crystal nucleus and the triangular pyramid or triangular pyramid-like pointed shape.
  • the raised structure 11 is generated, and the uniformity of crystal attachment and growth is improved.
  • the glass body 10 may contain, but is not limited to, magnesium oxide and/or aluminum oxide.
  • the glass body 10 contains magnesium element, and the mass content of magnesium element is 1%-12%. Further, the mass content of magnesium element is 6%-10%.
  • the mass content of magnesium may be, but not limited to, 2%, 3%, 4%, 5%, 7%, 8%, 9% or 12%.
  • the glass body 10 contains potassium element, and the mass content of potassium element is 1%-12%. Further, the mass content of potassium element is 6%-10%. Specifically, the mass content of magnesium may be, but not limited to, 2%, 4%, 5%, 5%, 7%, 9%, 10% or 12%.
  • the glass body 10 contains magnesium and potassium, wherein the mass content of magnesium is 1%-12%, and the mass content of potassium is 1%-12%.
  • the glass can be selected from Panda Yiqiang glass, AGC DT star1 glass, etc.
  • the material of Panda Yiqiang glass can include 62% silicon oxide, 14% alumina, 11% sodium oxide, 6% potassium oxide and 6% potassium oxide. % of magnesium oxide and other substances.
  • the glass body 10 is tempered glass. Therefore, the housing assembly 100 has excellent mechanical properties, and the service life of the housing assembly 100 is increased.
  • the impact strength of the glass body 10 may be 500MPa-800MPa. Further, the impact strength of the glass body 10 may be 550MPa-700MPa. Specifically, the impact strength of the glass body 10 may be, but not limited to, 500 MPa, 580 MPa, 600 MPa, 650 MPa, 690 MPa, 700 MPa, 730 MPa, 800 MPa, and the like.
  • the housing assembly 100 provided by the present application has a frosting effect, which can achieve anti-fingerprint and anti-glare, and at the same time, the first surface 101 can reflect light to produce a flash effect, which greatly improves the appearance of the housing assembly 100, and the first surface 101 can reflect light.
  • the consistency and uniformity of the flash effect on 101 are high, and the visual effect is good.
  • the present application also provides a method for preparing a casing assembly, the preparation method for preparing the casing assembly 100 of any of the above-mentioned embodiments includes:
  • a frosting liquid is provided, and the first surface of the glass body precursor is frosted and cleaned to obtain a shell assembly, wherein the frosting liquid contains a surfactant, ammonium ions, and at least one of magnesium ions and potassium ions Ion; the first surface has a plurality of pointed protruding structures, the pointed protruding structures include a tip, a bottom, and three edge sections extending from the tip to the bottom, and the aspect ratio of the pointed protruding structure is 1:( 0.2-0.6).
  • primary fluorosilicate nuclei are generated by the reaction between the frosting liquid and the glass body precursor, which are attached to the first surface 101 of the glass body precursor, and then continue to adsorb fluorosilicate in the manner of adsorption and nucleation;
  • the crystal nucleus When the crystal nucleus is attached to the first surface 101, it grows and expands in combination with the diffusion gradient and interfacial reaction kinetics, protecting the glass body precursor under the crystal from further erosion, and the area without crystal attachment will continue to react; Field theory to model the diffusion of nuclei.
  • the glass body precursor becomes the glass body 10
  • the fluorosilicate crystals attached to the first surface 101 of the glass body 10 are cleaned and removed to obtain a pointed convex structure 11 formed on the glass surface.
  • the shell assembly 100 is obtained; the shape of the pointed protruding structure 11 is related to the shape of the generated crystal, and the cations in the frosting liquid of the present application include ammonium ions, and at least one ion of magnesium ions and potassium ions, so that the absolute Most of the fluorosilicates are in the shape of a polygonal pyramid, so that the above-mentioned pointed convex structures 11 can be formed; at the same time, the frosting liquid contains surfactants, which can change the surface energy of the fluorosilicates in the medium, so as to adjust the primary
  • the density of crystal nuclei increases the uniformity, size and roughness of the produced crystals, and further improves the structural uniformity of the pointed protruding structures 11 .
  • the cations in the frosting liquid provided by the present application that can react with fluorosilicic acid can form a crystal structure with the tangential surface 113 with fluorosilicic acid, so as to produce a pointed convex with the tangential surface 113 on the first surface 101
  • the density and distribution of primary crystal nuclei are controlled, so that the distribution and growth uniformity of fluorosilicate crystals are high.
  • there may be magnesium-containing compounds, aluminum-containing compounds, etc. in the glass body precursor, and fluorosilicic acid and these substances can also form fluorosilicates. The content of such fluorosilicates is low and will not affect or change much.
  • the morphology of the pyramid-shaped fluorosilicate crystal and the morphology of the finally formed pointed protruding structure 11 The preparation method of the casing assembly 100 is simple, the process flow is few, the source of raw materials is wide, and the preparation cost is low.
  • the prepared casing assembly 100 not only has the effects of frosting, anti-fingerprint, anti-glare, anti-skid, etc. Glitter effect, strong appearance.
  • the glass body precursor before the frosting treatment is performed, may also be cleaned. Specifically, it is possible, but not limited to, to perform water washing and acid washing on the glass body precursor to remove contamination on the surface of the glass body precursor.
  • the glass body precursor may be washed with water for 20s-30s, and then washed with hydrofluoric acid with a mass concentration of 5% and/or 5% sulfuric acid for 15s-30s to remove the glass body precursor. Oil stains and difficult-to-remove stains on the surface of the glass body precursor to achieve an overall and uniform effect of cleaning and activating the glass.
  • the frosting treatment before the frosting treatment is performed, it may further include providing a protective layer on the surface of the glass body precursor that is not subjected to the frosting treatment. In this way, the surface that is not subjected to frosting treatment is protected to prevent contact with the frosting liquid.
  • the protective layer is formed by disposing acid-resistant ink on one surface of the glass body precursor. Further, after the frosting treatment, it also includes removing the protective layer.
  • the frosting liquid includes 30%-40% of ammonium fluoride salt, 0.1%-1% of potassium salt and/or magnesium salt, 0.1%-0.5% of surfactant, and 30% of inorganic acid. %-45%, and water 20%-30%.
  • the ammonium fluoride salt in the frosting liquid and the inorganic acid generate hydrofluoric acid
  • the hydrofluoric acid reacts with the silica in the glass to generate fluorosilicic acid (4HF+SiO 2 ⁇ SiF 4 +2H 2 O), fluorosilicic acid and potassium salt and/or magnesium salt to generate potassium fluorosilicate and/or magnesium fluorosilicate
  • the crystal nucleus of the ultrafine crystal particle is attached to the glass surface and is the primary crystal nucleus; further, the ammonium ion in the fluorosilicate and ammonium fluoride salt
  • the reaction generates ammonium fluorosilicate, and reacts with the salt in the glass to generate other fluorosilicates, which are adsorbed to the primary crystal nucleus in the manner of adsorption and nucleation, and the crystal grows and expands.
  • inorganic acid is used to provide hydrogen ions
  • ammonium fluoride salt is used to provide fluoride ions and ammonium ions, so as to facilitate the generation of hydrofluoric acid and ammonium fluorosilicate, so that the shell assembly 100 can be frosted and flash effect
  • potassium and/or magnesium salts are used to react with fluorosilicic acid to generate fluorosilicate as the primary crystal nucleus
  • surfactants are used to regulate the distribution and growth of fluorosilicate crystals to ensure uniformity
  • the frosting liquid includes ammonium fluoride salt 35%-40%, potassium salt and/or magnesium salt 0.2%-0.8%, surfactant 0.15%-0.45%, inorganic acid 32%-43% , and water 23%-27%.
  • the ammonium fluoride salt in the frosting liquid accounts for 30%-40%, 32%-40%, 35%-40% or 35%-38% by mass percentage. Specifically, the ammonium fluoride salt in the frosting liquid accounts for 30%, 33%, 35%, 37%, 38%, 40%, etc.
  • potassium salt and/or magnesium salt in the frosting liquid accounts for 0.1%-1%, 0.2%-0.8%, 0.3%-0.7% or 0.1%-0.5% by mass percentage. Specifically, potassium salt and/or magnesium salt in the frosting liquid accounts for 0.1%, 0.3%, 0.4%, 0.5%, 0.6%, 0.9%, etc.
  • potassium salts and magnesium salts in the frosting liquid account for 0.2%-1%, which further improves the generation of primary crystal nuclei and the uniformity of the distribution of crystal nuclei, thereby improving the distribution of the sharp convex structures 11 on the surface of the shell component 100 and Morphological uniformity.
  • the surfactant in the frosting liquid accounts for 0.1%-0.5%, 0.15%-0.45% or 0.2%-0.4% by mass percentage. Specifically, the surfactant in the frosting liquid accounts for 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.25%, 0.3%, 0.4%, 0.5%, etc. In the present application, surfactants are of great significance to the uniformity and consistency of the topography of the pointed protruding structures 11.
  • the mineral acid in the frosting liquid accounts for 30%-45%, 32%-43% or 35%-40% by mass percentage. Specifically, inorganic acid accounts for 30%, 33%, 34%, 35%, 36%, 37%, 38%, 42%, 44%, etc. in the frosting liquid.
  • water in the frosting liquid accounts for 20%-30%, 23%-27% or 24%-27% by mass percentage. Specifically, water in the frosting liquid accounts for 20%, 22%, 25%, 26%, 27%, 28%, 29%, 30%, etc.
  • the fluorosilicate may be, but not limited to, at least one of ammonium bifluoride and ammonium fluoride.
  • the potassium salt may be, but is not limited to, at least one of potassium nitrate, potassium sulfate and potassium chloride.
  • the potassium salt is potassium nitrate, and the resulting potassium fluorosilicate has suitable solubility, which is beneficial to the formation and attachment of potassium fluorosilicate crystals.
  • the magnesium salt may be, but is not limited to, at least one of magnesium nitrate, magnesium sulfate and magnesium chloride.
  • the magnesium salt is magnesium nitrate, and the resulting magnesium fluorosilicate has suitable solubility, which is beneficial to the formation and attachment of magnesium fluorosilicate crystals.
  • the inorganic acid may be, but is not limited to, at least one of nitric acid, sulfuric acid, and hydrochloric acid.
  • the mineral acid includes nitric acid to facilitate the formation and attachment of the fluorosilicate.
  • the surfactant may be, but not limited to, phosphate ester surfactant, sodium dodecyl sulfonate, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, hydroxymethyl cellulose, etc.
  • the active agent includes at least one of alkyl polyoxyethylene ether phosphates and alkyl phosphates.
  • the frosting liquid comprises ammonium bifluoride 30%-40%, potassium nitrate 0.1%-0.5%, magnesium nitrate 0.1%-0.5%, phosphate ester surfactant 0.1%-0.5% %, nitric acid 30%-40%, hydrochloric acid 0%-5%, and water 20%-30%. Further, by mass percentage, the frosting liquid includes ammonium bifluoride 35%-40%, potassium nitrate 0.1%-0.4%, magnesium nitrate 0.1%-0.4%, phosphate ester surfactant 0.15%-0.45%, nitric acid 31% -39%, hydrochloric acid 1%-4%, and water 23%-27%.
  • the frosting liquid includes ammonium bifluoride 35%-38%, potassium nitrate 0.15%-0.35%, magnesium nitrate 0.15%-0.35%, phosphate ester surfactant 0.2%-0.4%, nitric acid 32% -38%, hydrochloric acid 2%-3.5%, and water 24%-26%.
  • the frosting liquid before the frosting treatment is performed, the frosting liquid may be aged for 16h-24h.
  • the aging treatment Through the aging treatment, the components of the frosting liquid are mixed evenly, and in the process, hydrofluoric acid is slowly produced inside the frosting liquid, which is beneficial to the frosting treatment.
  • the generated hydrofluoric acid is more gentle and safe in the frosting treatment.
  • the aging temperature is 20°C-50°C.
  • the curing temperature is 25°C-40°C
  • the time is 18h-22h.
  • the maturing frosting liquid may also be filtered, specifically, but not limited to, filtration using a 70-mesh-100-mesh sieve.
  • the glass body precursor and the frosting liquid may also be separately subjected to a cooling treatment. Therefore, the speed of the subsequent reaction can be slowed down, the uniformity of the crystal distribution, and the uniformity and consistency of the formed pointed protruding structures 11 can be improved.
  • the glass body precursor can be treated with water at 4°C-10°C for 5s-20s, so as to achieve the purpose of cooling.
  • the temperature of the frosting treatment is 25°C-32°C, and the time is 4min-6min.
  • the selection of the above frosting treatment conditions can make the fluorosilicate well adhere to the surface of the glass body precursor, which is beneficial to the formation of the pointed convex structure 11; if the frosting treatment time is too short, the crystal nucleation is insufficient, and the frosting If the treatment time is too long, the crystal morphology will change.
  • the generated fluorosilicate has completely covered the surface of the glass body precursor, so there is no need to extend the reaction time to avoid the increase in the preparation cost.
  • the fluorosilicate can be The time for the acid salt to completely cover the surface of the glass body precursor controls the time for frosting.
  • the temperature of the frosting treatment is 26°C-30°C, and the time is 4min-5min.
  • the glass may be immersed in a frosting liquid for frosting treatment.
  • the temperature of the frosting treatment may be, but not limited to, 25° C., 28° C., 30° C., 31° C., 32° C., etc.
  • the time may be, but not limited to, 4 min, 5 min, 6 min, and the like.
  • the glass body precursor becomes the glass body 10, and fluorosilicate is attached to the first surface 101 of the glass body 10; the glass body 10 is separated from the frosting liquid, and the frosting is
  • the treated first surface 101 is cleaned to remove fluorosilicate crystals, and the casing assembly 100 can be obtained.
  • the cleaning treatment can be performed with but not limited to water.
  • the temperature of the water washing is 20°C-40°C, specifically, but not limited to, 25°C, 30°C, 35°C, 38°C or 40°C.
  • the shell assembly 100 may also be strengthened; that is, the glass body 10 may be strengthened.
  • the glass body 10 is strengthened by a chemical strengthening method. Specifically, the glass body 10 can be subjected to a salt bath, but the salt bath includes at least one of sodium salt and potassium salt, the temperature is 400°C-500°C, and the time is 2h-10h.
  • CNC machining of the casing assembly 100 may also be included, so as to obtain the casing assembly 100 that meets the application requirements.
  • the preparation method provided by the present application is simple and convenient to operate, and can obtain the casing assembly 100 with frosting and flashing effects at the same time, which greatly improves and enhances the appearance of the casing assembly 100 and is beneficial to its application.
  • the present application also provides an electronic device, including the housing assembly 100 of any of the foregoing embodiments.
  • the electronic device may be, but not limited to, a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a notebook computer, a watch, MP3, MP4, GPS navigator, digital camera, and the like.
  • the following takes a mobile phone as an example for description.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the electronic device includes a housing assembly 100 and a main board.
  • the electronic device with the above-mentioned housing assembly 100 can not only have frosting effect to achieve anti-fingerprint, anti-glare, and anti-skid, but also have a flashing effect, which can significantly improve the appearance of the electronic device and meet user needs.
  • a preparation method of a shell assembly comprising:
  • panda strong glass was pickled with 5% hydrofluoric acid and 5% sulfuric acid for 25s, then rinsed and placed in the above frosting liquid for 4min.
  • the performance of the housing assembly prepared in Example 1 was tested by a transmittance meter (550nm wavelength), a haze meter and a roughness meter.
  • the transmittance was 50%, the haze was 83%, and the surface roughness of the first surface was is 1.75 ⁇ m.
  • a preparation method of a shell assembly comprising:
  • panda strong glass was pickled with 5% hydrofluoric acid and 5% sulfuric acid for 25s, then rinsed and placed in the above frosting liquid for 3.5min. The remaining steps are the same as those of Example 1.
  • a preparation method of a shell assembly comprising:
  • a preparation method of a shell assembly comprising:
  • a preparation method of a shell assembly comprising:
  • a preparation method of a shell assembly comprising:
  • the surface roughness of the housing assembly prepared in Comparative Example 2 was detected by a roughness tester to be 1.3 ⁇ m-2.8 ⁇ m, and the roughness uniformity was general.
  • the glitter effect of the shell assemblies prepared in the examples is obviously better than that of the shell assemblies prepared in the comparative examples, and the examples
  • the uniformity of the glitter is high, among which, the glitter intensity and effect of Example 1 are the best, the glitter effect of the glass prepared in Comparative Example 1 is very insignificant, and the uniformity of the glitter is poor.
  • FIG. 7A is a schematic view of the surface microstructure of the shell assemblies prepared in Example 1, wherein The ruler is 100 ⁇ m, and the length of one of the spike-like protrusion structures was measured to be 109.18 ⁇ m (shown in [1] in Fig. 7A), and the width of one of the spike-like protrusion structures was measured to be 30.69 ⁇ m (shown in [2] in Fig.
  • Figure 7B is a schematic view of the surface microstructure of the shell assembly prepared in Example 1, wherein the scale is 0.05mm, and the length of one of the pointed protruding structures is 0.104mm and the width is 0.04mm (Figure 7B shown in [1], [2]), one of the pointed protruding structures has a length of 0.095 mm (shown in [3] in Figure 7B).
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the surface microstructure of the housing assembly prepared in Comparative Example 1, wherein the scale is 0.05 mm, and the length of one of the pointed protruding structures is measured to be 0.071 mm.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the surface microstructure of the housing assembly prepared in Comparative Example 2, where the scale is 100 ⁇ m.
  • the pointed convex structures on the surface of the housing assembly of Example 1 are triangular pyramid-shaped, and the shape and distribution uniformity and consistency of the pointed convex structures are the best.
  • the protruding structures on the surface of the housing component are chaotic in appearance, and there is almost no edge cut surface, and the roughness is uneven.
  • the morphologies of the starting structures are quite different, with a dendritic-like convex structure and a flower-like convex structure, mainly in the hexagonal crystal form, with average roughness uniformity and poor morphological consistency.
  • FIGS. 10A to 10D Two-dimensional microscope was used to detect and analyze the surface of the shell component during the frosting process in Example 1. The results are shown in FIGS. 10A to 10D , wherein FIG. 10A is the shell component in Example 1 that has been frosted for 10s. Surface schematic diagram, it can be seen that ultra-fine grains have been generated on the glass surface, some of which can become primary crystal nuclei. The figure shows that the size of one of the grains is 0.002mm (shown in [1] in Figure 10A).
  • Fig. 10B is a schematic view of the surface of the shell assembly subjected to frosting treatment for 30s in Example 1, in which, fine primary crystal nuclei can be seen, and the figure shows that the size of one of the primary crystal nuclei is 0.004 mm (in Fig.
  • Fig. 10C is a schematic view of the surface of the shell assembly subjected to frosting treatment for 60s in Example 1, wherein the secondary growth and amplification of crystal nuclei can be seen, and the figure shows that the length of one of the growing crystal nuclei is 0.016mm ( [1] in Fig. 10C), and another growing crystal nucleus has a length of 0.026 mm (in [2] in Fig. 10C).
  • FIG. 10D is a schematic view of the surface of the shell assembly prepared in Example 1, that is, a schematic view of the surface of the shell assembly after frosting for 240s, wherein the growth of crystals has been completed, and after cleaning, a shell with a pointed convex structure is obtained
  • the figure shows that one of the pointed protruding structures has a length of 0.094mm (shown in [1] in Figure 10D), and the other pointed protruding structure has a length of 0.125mm and a width of 0.056mm (Figure 10D [1]). shown in [2], [3] in 10D).
  • the generated primary crystal nuclei are attached to the surface of the glass, and the crystals grow and expand through adsorption and nucleation, protecting the glass below the crystals from further erosion, and the crystals without crystals are not attached.
  • the glass surface will continue to react, so that the final spiky convex structure formed on the glass surface has the same morphology as the attached fluorosilicate crystal; the above frosting process makes the growth and expansion of the fluorosilicate crystal more orderly and shaped.
  • the appearance size is more uniform, so that the pointed protruding structure with excellent uniformity and consistency can be obtained, and the flash effect and quality of the shell component can be improved.

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Abstract

一种壳体组件，包括玻璃本体，该玻璃本体具有第一表面，该第一表面上具有多个微米级的尖状凸起结构，尖状凸起结构包括尖端、底部，以及由尖端向底部延伸的三个棱切面，其中，在多个尖状凸起结构中，至少95％的尖状凸起结构的长宽比为1：(0.2-0.5)。第一表面上具有多个微米级的尖状凸起结构，使得壳体组件可以实现防指纹和防眩光，同时尖状凸起结构的多个棱切面，可以对光线进行反射，产生闪光效果，提升了壳体组件的外观，并且大部分的尖状凸起结构的长宽比相差不大，尖状凸起结构微观形貌相似度高，均匀性好，有利于宏观上壳体组件的闪光效果均匀性的提升。该壳体组件通过蒙砂工艺制备用于电子设备。

Description

壳体组件及其制备方法和电子设备 技术领域
本申请属于电子产品技术领域，具体涉及壳体组件及其制备方法和电子设备。
背景技术
随着电子设备的不断发展，用户对电子设备外观效果的要求也越来越高。因而，为了满足越来越高的用户审美要求，电子设备的外观也需要不断发展丰富，为用户提供更好的使用体验。
发明内容
鉴于此，本申请提供了一种壳体组件及其制备方法和电子设备，该壳体组件具有防眩光效果以及闪光效果，可以呈现闪闪发光的视觉效果，极大提升了壳体组件和电子设备的外观表现力，增强产品竞争力。
第一方面，本申请提供了一种壳体组件，包括玻璃本体，所述玻璃本体具有第一表面，所述第一表面上具有多个微米级的尖状凸起结构，所述尖状凸起结构包括尖端、底部，以及由所述尖端向所述底部延伸的三个棱切面，其中，在多个所述尖状凸起结构中，至少95％的所述尖状凸起结构的长宽比为1：(0.2-0.5)。
第二方面，本申请提供了一种壳体组件的制备方法，包括：
提供蒙砂液，对玻璃本体前体的第一表面进行蒙砂处理并清洗，得到壳体组件，其中，所述蒙砂液包含表面活性剂、铵离子、以及镁离子和钾离子中的至少一种离子；所述第一表面上具有多个尖状凸起结构，所述尖状凸起结构包括尖端、底部，以及由所述尖端向所述底部延伸的三个棱切面，所述尖状凸起结构的长宽比为1：(0.2-0.6)。
第三方面，本申请提供了一种电子设备，包括壳体组件和主板，所述壳体组件包括玻璃本体，所述玻璃本体具有第一表面，所述第一表面上具有多个微米级的尖状凸起结构，所述尖状凸起结构包括尖端、底部，以及由所述尖端向所述底部延伸的三个棱切面，其中，在多个所述尖状凸起结构中，至少95％的所述尖状凸起结构的长宽比为1：(0.2-0.5)。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施方式中的技术方案，下面将对本申请实施方式中所需要使用的附图进行说明。
图1为本申请一实施方式提供的壳体组件的结构示意图。
图2为图1中区域A的放大图。
图3为本申请一实施方式提供的玻璃本体第一表面的俯视图。
图4为本申请一实施方式提供的壳体组件的结构示意图。
图5为本申请另一实施方式提供的壳体组件的结构示意图。
图6为本申请一实施方式提供的电子设备的结构示意图。
图7A为实施例1制得的壳体组件的表面微观结构示意图，其中标尺为100μm。
图7B为实施例1制得的壳体组件的表面微观结构示意图，其中标尺为0.05mm。
图8为对比例1制得的壳体组件的表面微观结构示意图。
图9为对比例2制得的壳体组件的表面微观结构示意图。
图10A为实施例1中蒙砂处理10s的壳体组件表面示意图。
图10B为实施例1中蒙砂处理30s的壳体组件表面示意图。
图10C为实施例1中蒙砂处理60s的壳体组件表面示意图。
图10D为实施例1中制得的壳体组件表面示意图。
标号说明：
玻璃本体-10，第一表面-101，第二表面-102，尖状凸起结构-11，尖端-111，底部-112，棱切面-113，装饰层-20，壳体组件-100。
具体实施方式
以下是本申请的优选实施方式，应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本申请原理的前提下，还可以做出若干改进和润饰，这些改进和润饰也视为本申请的保护范围。
下文的公开提供了许多不同的实施方式或例子用来实现本申请的不同结构。为了简化本申请的公开，下文中对特定例子的部件和设置进行描述。当然，它们仅仅为示例，并且目的不在于限制本申请。此外，本申请可以在不同例子中重复参考数字和/或参考字母，这种重复是为了简化和清楚的目的，其本身不指示所讨论各种实施方式和/或设置之间的关系。此外，本申请提供了的各种特定的工艺和材料的例子，但是本领域普通技术人员可以意识到其他工艺的应用和/或其他材料的使用。
本申请实施例提供了一种壳体组件，包括玻璃本体，所述玻璃本体具有第一表面，所述第一表面上具有多个微米级的尖状凸起结构，所述尖状凸起结构包括尖端、底部，以及由所述尖端向所述底部延伸的三个棱切面，其中，在多个所述尖状凸起结构中，至少95％的所述尖状凸起结构的长宽比为1：(0.2-0.5)。
其中，所述尖状凸起结构包括三棱锥和类三棱锥中的至少一种。
其中，三个所述棱切面两两相交分别形成第一棱边、第二棱边和第三棱边，所述第一棱边、所述第二棱边和所述第三棱边的长度比为1：(0.8-1.2)：(2-6)。
其中，所述第一棱边与所述尖状凸起结构的高度比值为1：(3-7)。
其中，在多个所述尖状凸起结构中，至少95％的所述尖状凸起结构的长宽比为1：(0.25-0.4)。
其中，所述尖状凸起结构的高度为10μm-15μm，长度为90μm-200μm，宽度为30μm-60μm。
其中，所述尖状凸起结构的长度和高度比不小于6。
其中，所述尖状凸起结构的长度和高度比为6-25。
其中，所述第一表面的表面粗糙度为1.5μm-2.1μm，所述玻璃本体的雾度为70％-90％，透光率为45％-55％。
其中，相邻所述尖状凸起结构之间的间距为0μm-30μm。
其中，所述玻璃本体含有镁元素和钾元素中的至少一种，其中，所述镁元素的质量含量为1％-12％，所述钾元素的质量含量为1％-12％。
其中，所述玻璃本体为强化玻璃。
其中，所述壳体组件还包括装饰层，所述玻璃本体具有相对设置的所述第一表面和第二表面，所述装饰层设置在所述玻璃壳体的所述第二表面；所述装饰层包括颜色层、光学膜层、纹理层、防护层和盖底层中的至少一种。
其中，所述壳体组件还包括防护层，所述防护层设置在所述玻璃壳体的所述第一表面；所述防护层的厚度小于50μm。
本申请实施例提供了一种壳体组件的制备方法，包括：提供蒙砂液，对玻璃本体前体的第一表面进行蒙砂处理并清洗，得到壳体组件，其中，所述蒙砂液包含表面活性剂、铵离子、以及镁离子和钾离子中的至少一种离子；所述第一表面上具有多个尖状凸起结构，所述尖状凸起结构包括尖端、底部，以及由所述尖端向所述底部延伸的三个棱切面，所述尖状凸起结构的长宽比为1：(0.2-0.6)。
其中，按质量百分比计，所述蒙砂液包括：
Figure PCTCN2021122382-appb-000001
其中，按质量百分比计，所述蒙砂液包括：
Figure PCTCN2021122382-appb-000002
其中，所述蒙砂处理的温度为25℃-32℃，时间为4min-6min。
其中，还包括对所述壳体组件进行强化处理。
本申请实施例提供了一种电子设备，包括壳体组件和主板，所述壳体组件包括玻璃本体，所述玻璃本体具有第一表面，所述第一表面上具有多个微米级的尖状凸起结构，所述尖状凸起结构包括尖端、底部，以及由所述尖端向所述底部延伸的三个棱切面，其中，在多个所述尖状凸起结构中，至少95％的所述尖状凸起结构的长宽比为1：(0.2-0.5)。
请参考图1，为本申请一实施方式提供的壳体组件的结构示意图，壳体组件100包括玻璃本体10，玻璃本体10具有第一表面101，第一表面101上具有多个微米级的尖状凸起结构11。请参阅图2，为图1中区域A的放大图，其中，尖状凸起结构11包括尖端111、 底部112，以及由尖端111向底部112延伸的三个棱切面113，在多个所述尖状凸起结构11中，至少95％的所述尖状凸起结构11的长宽比为1：(0.2-0.5)。
在本申请中，玻璃本体10的第一表面101上具有多个微米级的尖状凸起结构11，使得壳体组件100具有蒙砂效果，尖状凸起结构11与手指接触面积小，从而实现防指纹、防划伤、防眩光的效果；进一步的，尖状凸起结构11具有多个棱切面113，光线在棱切面113上发生反射，由于棱切面113角度不同，从而可以产生不同方向上的反射光，实现闪闪发光的效果，极大地丰富了壳体组件100的视觉效果。绝大部分的尖状凸起结构11的长宽比相差不大，由于尖状凸起结构11为微米级尺寸，从而使得绝大部分的尖状凸起结构11的微观形貌结构相似度高，均一性好，有利于宏观上壳体组件100的闪光效果均匀性的提升。由于绝大部分的尖状凸起结构11的长度远大于宽度，从而使得尖状凸起结构11的三个棱切面113中有两个棱切面113的面积较大，能够反射更多的光线，从而使得该棱切面113的发光强度更高，进而在宏观上提升了壳体组件100的闪光强度和闪光效果。相关技术中，壳体组件100仅仅具有蒙砂效果，表面几乎为圆形颗粒状的凸起，粒径小，容易产生漫反射，无闪光效果，需要配合闪光油墨使用，才能具有闪光；本申请提供的壳体组件100避免了闪光油墨的使用，节省了制作流程和成本，同时，第一表面101上的尖状凸起结构11形貌均匀度好，闪光强度高、闪光效果非常明显，极大地提升了壳体组件100的外观表现力。
在本申请中，玻璃本体10的第一表面101，即为壳体组件100的第一表面101，玻璃本体10的至少一个表面具有尖状凸起结构11。请参阅图1，玻璃本体10具有相对设置的第一表面101和第二表面102，其中第二表面102可以具有尖状凸起结构11，也可以不具有尖状凸起结构11，对此不作限定。可以理解的，本申请中“第一”、“第二”仅用于描述目的。
在本申请中，玻璃本体10的第一表面101上具有多个微米级的尖状凸起结构11，尖状凸起结构11包括尖端111、底部112，以及由尖端111向底部112延伸的三个棱切面113，光线在多个棱切面113上发生反射，从而使得该尖状凸起结构11成为闪光点，多个尖状凸起结构11使得壳体组件100呈现出闪闪发光的视觉效果。
在本申请实施方式中，尖状凸起结构11由尖端111、底部112，以及由尖端111向底部112延伸的三个棱切面113组成。在尖状凸起结构11尺寸相同的情况下，相比于具有四个或四个以上棱切面113结构，三个棱切面113中每一个棱切面113的能够反射更多的光线；同时由于绝大部分的尖状凸起结构11的长度远大于宽度，从而使得尖状凸起结构11的三个棱切面113中有两个棱切面113的面积更大，闪光强度和效果更加强烈；同时，尖状凸起结构11的形貌均匀度高，达到95％以上，尖状凸起结构11的闪光效果一致性强，提升了壳体组件100在宏观上的闪光效果均一性。
在本申请一实施方式中，尖状凸起结构11包括三棱锥和类三棱锥中的至少一种。此时，尖状凸起结构11为(类)三棱锥，使得其中两个棱切面113的面积相对更大，产生的反光强度更高，进而能够产生更加明显的闪光效果。在本申请中，类三棱锥为与三棱锥类似的 结构，例如，类三棱锥的尖端111为面状等。在本申请中，尖状凸起结构11可以和(类)三棱锥形貌结构大致一致即可，允许存在一定的偏差。请参阅图3，为本申请一实施方式提供的玻璃本体第一表面的俯视图，其中，玻璃本体10的第一表面101上尖状凸起结构11为三棱锥，在光线照射在尖状凸起结构11上时，会在棱切面113产生强烈的反射，如镜面反射等，从而产生闪闪发光的效果，提升壳体组件100的视觉效果。
在本申请中，尖状凸起结构11的长度为尖状凸起结构11在玻璃本体10第二表面102上的正投影的轮廓线上任意两点之间的间距的最大值；宽度为与长度方向垂直的方向上的，该正投影的轮廓线上任意两点之间的间距的最大值；高度为尖状凸起结构11的尖端111至底部112之间的间距。由于尖状凸起结构11为微米级结构，尺寸较小，相对来说，尖状凸起结构11的长宽比为在特定范围内，高度在微米级范围内，从而使得其中的两个棱切面113相对较大，可以反射大量的光线，增强反射光的强度，提升闪光效果。在本申请中，在多个尖状凸起结构11中，至少95％的尖状凸起结构11的长宽比为1：(0.2-0.5)。可以理解的，以第一表面101上所有尖状凸起结构11的数量为100％，其中至少95％的尖状凸起结构11的长宽比满足上述条件。可以看出，绝大多数的尖状凸起结构11的长宽比满足该条件，从而使得尖状凸起结构11的形貌均匀性好，提升均匀度，以及壳体组件100的品质。具体的，可以通过对单位面积内的尖状凸起结构11的长度和宽度进行测量，并计算长宽比，通过分析得到其中有至少95％的长宽比在上述范围内。进一步的，可以但不限于为至少96％、至少97％、至少98％、至少99％的尖状凸起结构11的长宽比为1：(0.2-0.5)。在一实施例中，尖状凸起结构11的长宽比为1：(0.2-0.5)。所有尖状凸起结构11满足上述条件，从而使得形貌均匀一致性高，宏观上的闪光效果更加均一。在另一实施方式中，在多个尖状凸起结构11中，至少95％的尖状凸起结构11的长宽比为1：(0.25-0.4)。从而使得尖状凸起结构11的长宽比差异更小，进一步提升尖状凸起结构11的均匀性，提升壳体组件100的品质。进一步的，可以但不限于为至少96％、至少97％、至少98％、至少99％的尖状凸起结构11的长宽比为1：(0.25-0.4)。具体的，尖状凸起结构11的长宽比可以但不限于为1：(0.2-0.3)、1：(0.2-0.4)、1：(0.25-0.5)、1：(0.3-0.5)、1：(0.3-0.5)、1：(0.4-0.5)等。在一实施例中，尖状凸起结构11的长度为90μm-200μm。进一步的，长度为100μm-190μm。具体的，尖状凸起结构11的长度可以但不限于为90μm、100μm、110μm、125μm、135μm、150μm、160μm、175μm、185μm、200μm等。在另一实施例中，尖状凸起结构11的宽度为30μm-60μm。进一步的，宽度为35μm-55μm。具体的，宽度可以但不限于为30μm、40μm、42μm、45μm、50μm、53μm、55μm、58μm、60μm等。在又一实施例中，尖状凸起结构11的长度为90μm-200μm，宽度为30μm-60μm。在上述范围内的尖状凸起结构11之间的形貌均匀度高，提升宏观上第一表面101外观效果的均匀性和一致性。
在本申请实施方式中，至少95％的尖状凸起结构11的长宽比为1：(0.2-0.5)，这些尖状凸起结构11均匀分布在第一表面101上，可以提升闪光效果的均匀性。
在本申请实施方式中，尖状凸起结构11的长度和高度比不小于6。从而使得微米级的尖状凸起结构11中，高度的变化不会过多影响尖状凸起结构11的形貌，从而保证尖状凸 起结构11形貌均匀度高，闪光效果均匀性好。在一实施例中，尖状凸起结构11的长宽比为1：(0.2-0.5)，且尖状凸起结构11的长度和高度比不小于6。进一步的，尖状凸起结构11的长度和高度比大于8。更进一步的，尖状凸起结构11的长度和高度比不大于25。从而可以保证第一表面101的粗糙度，使得具有良好的防指纹、防眩光、防滑效果。在一实施例中，尖状凸起结构11的长度和高度比为6-25。在另一实施方式中，尖状凸起结构11的高度为10μm-15μm。从而使得玻璃本体10具有蒙砂触感，具有防指纹效果，立体触感强。进一步的，尖状凸起结构11的高度为11μm-14μm。更进一步的，尖状凸起结构11的高度为12μm-13.5μm。具体的，尖状凸起结构11的高度可以但不限于为10μm、10.6μm、11μm、11.5μm、12μm、12.5μm、13μm、14μm等。
在本申请中，相邻尖状凸起结构11之间可以无缝连接，也可以具有间距。在本申请实施方式中，相邻尖状凸起结构11之间的间距为0μm-30μm，以实现密集或相对分散的闪光效果。可以理解的，相邻尖状凸起结构11之间的间距为相邻尖状凸起结构11在第二表面102上的正投影轮廓线之间的最小距离。具体的，相邻尖状凸起结构11之间的间距可以但不限于为0μm、0.5μm、3μm、5μm、10μm、16μm、20μm、25μm、30μm等。在一实施例中，长宽比为1：(0.2-0.5)的尖状凸起结构11均匀分散设置在第一表面101上，第一表面101上任意相邻的尖状凸起结构11之间的间距可以相同，也可以不同。
在本申请中，棱切面113与第二表面具有锐角夹角。在本申请一实施方式中，锐角夹角为10°-80°，从而使得棱切面113可以在更大角度范围内使入射光反射，产生闪闪发光的效果。进一步的，锐角夹角为30°-60°。具体的，锐角夹角可以但不限于为10°、20°、30°、40°、50°、60°、70°、80°等。在本申请中，相邻棱切面113之间具有夹角。在本申请一实施方式中，相邻棱切面113之间的夹角为钝角，从而能够极大地增强反射光的强度，提升闪光效果。
在本申请中，尖状凸起结构11为三棱锥和类三棱锥中的至少一种时，三个棱切面113两两相交，形成了三条棱边。可以理解的，此时尖状凸起结构11在第二表面102表面上的正投影为三角形，尖状凸起结构11的长度即为三角形的最大边长，宽度即为与最大边长对应的端点到最大边长的高度值。在本申请实施方式中，尖状凸起结构11具有第一棱边、第二棱边和第三棱边。在本申请一实施方式中，第一棱边、第二棱边和第三棱边的长度比为1：(0.8-1.2)：(2-6)。三条棱边长度相近，使得尖状凸起结构11中的棱切面113面积相近，从而在不同角度下的闪光效果一致性高。进一步的，第一棱边、第二棱边和第三棱边的长度比为1：(0.9-1.1)：(3-5)。在一实施例中，第一棱边的长度可以但不限于为30μm-70μm、40μm-60μm或40μm-50μm等。在一实施例中，第一棱边的长度可以但不限于为100μm-220μm、120μm-200μm或150μm-18μm等。在本申请另一实施方式中，第一棱边与尖状凸起结构11的高度比值为1：(3-7)。从而使得尖状凸起结构11的形貌相对均匀一致，提升闪光效果的强度。进一步的，第一棱边与尖状凸起结构11的高度比值为1：(4-6)。
在本申请实施方式中，壳体组件100的至少一部分是由玻璃本体10构成，从而使得壳体组件100具有蒙砂效果，并且还有闪闪发光的闪光效果，视觉效果丰富，表现力强。在 一实施例中，壳体组件100中的部分是由玻璃本体10组成，部分由其他材质组成，从而使得壳体组件100的不同材质区域具有不同的外观效果，极大地提升了壳体组件100的外观表现力。在另一实施例中，壳体组件100由玻璃本体10形成，从而使得整个壳体组件100具有蒙砂和闪光效果，整体一致性佳。请参阅图4，为本申请一实施方式提供的壳体组件的结构示意图，其中，壳体组件100由玻璃本体10形成。可以理解的，壳体组件100在使用中具有相对设置的内表面和外表面，此时，第一表面101为壳体组件100的外表面或外表面的一部分，以使得蒙砂混合闪光效果能够呈现。
请参阅图5，为本申请另一实施方式提供的壳体组件的结构示意图，其中，壳体组件100还包括设置在玻璃本体10第二表面102的装饰层20。具体的，装饰层20可以但不限于为颜色层、光学膜层、纹理层、防护层和盖底层中的至少一种。其中，颜色层用于提供色彩，光学膜层可以产生光影流动的视觉效果，纹理层可以提供纹理效果，防护层用于对壳体组件100产生保护作用，盖底层能够对壳体组件100的一侧光线进行遮挡。在一实施例中，纹理层、光学膜层、颜色层和盖底层依次设置在玻璃本体10的第二表面102。在另一实施例中，光学膜层、颜色层和盖底层依次设置在玻璃本体10的第二表面102。在又一实施例中，防护层设置在玻璃本体10的第一表面101，从而对壳体组件100起到保护作用。进一步的，防护层的厚度小于50μm，从而可以壳体组件100起到保护作用，同时又不会影响第一表面101上尖状凸起结构11的闪光效果。
在本申请中，玻璃本体10可以为2D结构、2.5D结构或3D结构，具体形状和尺寸可以根据应用需要进行选择，从而决定了壳体组件100的形状结构。玻璃本体10和壳体组件100的厚度也可以根据应用需要进行选择，具体的，可以但不限于分别选自0.1mm-1mm、0.2mm-0.8mm或0.3mm-0.6mm等。
在本申请实施方式中，第一表面101的表面粗糙度为1.5μm-2.1μm。从而可以使壳体组件100具有明显的触感和立体感，优异的防指纹、防眩光、防滑效果，同时表面粗糙度范围小，壳体组件100在宏观上的变化差异小，从而使得微观上尖状凸起结构11形貌均匀度高，提升壳体组件100的品质。进一步的，第一表面101的表面粗糙度为1.6μm-2μm。具体的，第一表面101的表面粗糙度可以但不限于为1.5μm、1.6μm、1.7μm、1.8μm、1.9μm、2μm或2.1μm。
在本申请实施方式中，玻璃本体10的雾度为70％-90％。从而使得壳体组件100产生朦胧的视觉效果，提升美感。进一步的，玻璃本体10的雾度为75％-90％。更进一步的，玻璃本体10的雾度为75％-85％。具体的，玻璃本体10的雾度可以但不限于为70％、72％、75％、77％、80％、83％、85％、90％等。
在本申请实施方式中，玻璃本体10的透过率为45％-55％。在本申请中，玻璃本体10的透过率为在550nm波长下的光线的透过率。该玻璃本体10具有较宽的透过率范围，可以根据实际需要，选择所需的透过率。在一实施例中，玻璃本体10的透过率为48％-52％。此时，玻璃本体10的透过率较低，从而使得反射的光线较多，进而会产生较强的闪光效果。在另一实施例中，玻璃本体10的透过率为50％-80％。此时，玻璃本体10具有较高的透过 率，通透性更好，外观表现力更强。具体的，玻璃本体10的透过率可以但不限于为45％、46％、47％、40％、50％、60％、70％、75％、80％等。
在本申请实施方式中，玻璃本体10含有镁元素和/或钾元素。从而可以使得在蒙砂处理过程中生成的氟硅酸与镁盐反应，产生氟硅酸镁和/或氟硅酸钾，有利于初级晶核的附着以及三棱锥或类三棱锥状的尖状凸起结构11的产生，并且提升晶体附着以及生长的均匀度。具体的，玻璃本体10可以但不限于含有氧化镁和/或氧化铝。在一实施例中，玻璃本体10含有镁元素，镁元素的质量含量为1％-12％。进一步的，镁元素的质量含量为6％-10％。具体的，镁元素的质量含量可以但不限于为2％、3％、4％、5％、7％、8％、9％或12％。在另一实施例中，玻璃本体10含有钾元素，钾元素的质量含量为1％-12％。进一步的，钾元素的质量含量为6％-10％。具体的，镁元素的质量含量可以但不限于为2％、4％、5％、5％、7％、9％、10％或12％。在又一实施例中，在一实施例中，玻璃本体10含有镁元素和钾元素，其中，镁元素的质量含量为1％-12％，钾元素的质量含量为1％-12％。具体的，玻璃可以选用熊猫一强玻璃、AGC DT star1玻璃等，熊猫一强玻璃的材质可以包括62％的氧化硅、14％的氧化铝、11％的氧化钠、6％的氧化钾和6％的氧化镁以及其他物质。
在本申请实施方式中，玻璃本体10为强化玻璃。从而使得壳体组件100具有优异的机械性能，提升壳体组件100的使用寿命。在一实施例中，玻璃本体10的抗冲击强度可以为500MPa-800MPa。进一步的，玻璃本体10的抗冲击强度可以为550MPa-700MPa。具体的，玻璃本体10的抗冲击强度可以但不限于为500MPa、580MPa、600MPa、650MPa、690MPa、700MPa、730MPa、800MPa等。
本申请提供的壳体组件100具有蒙砂效果，实现防指纹和防眩光，同时第一表面101能够对光线就行反射，产生闪光效果，极大提升了壳体组件100的外观，且第一表面101上的闪光效果的一致性、均匀度高，视觉效果好。
本申请还提供的壳体组件的制备方法，该制备方法制备上述任一实施例的壳体组件100，包括：
提供蒙砂液，对玻璃本体前体的第一表面进行蒙砂处理并清洗，得到壳体组件，其中，蒙砂液包含表面活性剂、铵离子、以及镁离子和钾离子中的至少一种离子；第一表面上具有多个尖状凸起结构，尖状凸起结构包括尖端、底部，以及由尖端向底部延伸的三个棱切面，尖状凸起结构的长宽比为1：(0.2-0.6)。
在本申请中，通过蒙砂液与玻璃本体前体反应生成氟硅酸盐初级晶核，附着至玻璃本体前体的第一表面101，随后以吸附成核的方式继续吸附氟硅酸盐；当晶核附着至第一表面101上，结合扩散梯度和界面反应动力学进行生长和扩展，保护晶体下面的玻璃本体前体免受进一步侵蚀，未有晶体附着的区域会继续反应；可以通过相场理论，对晶核的扩散进行建模。蒙砂处理后，玻璃本体前体变为玻璃本体10，将附着在玻璃本体10第一表面101上的氟硅酸盐晶体清洗去除，得到了成型在玻璃表面的尖状凸起结构11，制得壳体组件100；尖状凸起结构11的形貌与生成的晶体形貌有关，本申请蒙砂液中阳离子包括铵离子、以及镁离子和钾离子中的至少一种离子，从而使得绝大部分的氟硅酸盐为多棱锥形状， 从而可以形成上述尖状凸起结构11；同时蒙砂液中含有表面活性剂，可以改变氟硅酸盐在介质中的表面能，从而可以调控初级晶核密度，提高产生的晶体的均匀性、大小以及粗糙度，进而提升了尖状凸起结构11结构上的均匀性。因此，本申请提供的蒙砂液中可以与氟硅酸反应的阳离子，均可以与氟硅酸形成具有棱切面113的晶体结构，从而在第一表面101上产生具有棱切面113的尖状凸起结构11，进一步的，通过加入表面活性剂，控制初级晶核密度与分布，使得氟硅酸盐晶体的分布和生长均匀性高。可以理解的，玻璃本体前体中可能存在含镁化合物、含铝化合物等，氟硅酸与这些物质也可以形成氟硅酸盐，这类氟硅酸盐含量较低，不会影响或改变多棱锥形状氟硅酸盐晶体形貌以及最终形成的尖状凸起结构11的形貌。该壳体组件100的制备方法简单，工艺流程少，原料来源广泛，制备成本低，制得的壳体组件100不仅具有蒙砂、防指纹、防眩光、防滑等效果，还成型出闪闪发光的闪光效果，外观表现力强。
在本申请实施方式中，进行蒙砂处理之前，还可以包括对玻璃本体前体进行清洗处理。具体的，可以但不限于为对玻璃本体前体进行水洗和酸洗，以去除玻璃本体前体表面的脏污。在一实施例中，可以对玻璃本体前体进行水洗20s-30s，然后采用质量浓度为5％的氢氟酸和/或对5％的硫酸玻璃本体前体进行酸洗15s-30s，以去除玻璃本体前体表面油污和较难去除的脏污，以达到整体而均匀的清洁和活化玻璃的效果。
在本申请实施方式中，进行蒙砂处理之前，还可以包括对玻璃本体前体中不进行蒙砂处理的表面上设置保护层。从而对不进行蒙砂处理的表面进行保护，防止与蒙砂液进行接触。在一实施例中，通过在玻璃本体前体的一侧表面设置耐酸性油墨，形成保护层。进一步的，在蒙砂处理后，还包括去除保护层。
在本申请实施方式中，按质量百分比计，蒙砂液包括氟铵盐30％-40％、钾盐和/或镁盐0.1％-1％、表面活性剂0.1％-0.5％、无机酸30％-45％，以及水20％-30％。蒙砂液中氟铵盐与无机酸生成氢氟酸，氢氟酸与玻璃中的二氧化硅反应生成氟硅酸(4HF+SiO 2→SiF 4+2H 2O)，氟硅酸与钾盐和/或镁盐生成氟硅酸钾和/或氟硅酸镁，该超微晶粒子的晶核附着至玻璃表面，为初级晶核；进一步的，氟硅酸与氟铵盐中的铵离子反应生成氟硅酸铵，以及与玻璃中的盐反应生成其他氟硅酸盐，这些氟硅酸盐以吸附成核的方式吸附至初级晶核上，进行晶体的生长和扩展。在上述蒙砂液中，无机酸用于提供氢离子，氟铵盐用于提供氟离子和铵离子，以便于氢氟酸和氟硅酸铵的产生，从而可以使壳体组件100具有蒙砂和闪光效果；钾盐和/或镁盐用于与氟硅酸是反应，生成作为初级晶核的氟硅酸盐；表面活性剂用于调控氟硅酸盐晶体的分布和生长，保证均匀度。进一步的，按质量百分比计，蒙砂液包括氟铵盐35％-40％、钾盐和/或镁盐0.2％-0.8％、表面活性剂0.15％-0.45％、无机酸32％-43％，以及水23％-27％。
在一实施例中，按质量百分比计，蒙砂液中氟铵盐占30％-40％、32％-40％、35％-40％或35％-38％。具体的，蒙砂液中氟铵盐占30％、33％、35％、37％、38％、40％等。在另一实施例中，按质量百分比计，蒙砂液中钾盐和/或镁盐占0.1％-1％、0.2％-0.8％、0.3％-0.7％或0.1％-0.5％。具体的，蒙砂液中钾盐和/或镁盐占0.1％、0.3％、0.4％、0.5％、0.6％、0.9％ 等。进一步的，蒙砂液中钾盐和镁盐占0.2％-1％，进一步提升初级晶核产生量，以及晶核分布的均匀性，从而提高壳体组件100表面尖状凸起结构11分布以及形貌的均匀度。在又一实施例中，按质量百分比计，蒙砂液中表面活性剂占0.1％-0.5％、0.15％-0.45％或0.2％-0.4％。具体的，蒙砂液中表面活性剂占0.1％、0.2％、0.25％、0.3％、0.4％、0.5％等。在本申请中，表面活性剂对于尖状凸起结构11形貌均匀度以及一致性的有着重要意义，添加量过多时，会使得第一表面101的表面粗糙度增加，立体感过于明显，影响使用的顺滑感。在又一实施例中，按质量百分比计，蒙砂液中无机酸占30％-45％、32％-43％或35％-40％。具体的，蒙砂液中无机酸占30％、33％、34％、35％、36％、37％、38％、42％、44％等。在又一实施例中，按质量百分比计，蒙砂液中水占20％-30％、23％-27％或24％-27％。具体的，蒙砂液中水占20％、22％、25％、26％、27％、28％、29％、30％等。
在本申请实施方式中，氟硅酸盐可以但不限于氟化氢铵和氟化铵中的至少一种。在本申请实施方式中，钾盐可以但不限于为硝酸钾、硫酸钾和氯化钾中的至少一种。在一实施例中，钾盐为硝酸钾，生成的氟硅酸钾溶解度适宜，有利于于氟硅酸钾晶体的形成和附着。在本申请实施方式中，镁盐可以但不限于为硝酸镁、硫酸镁和氯化镁中的至少一种。在一实施例中，镁盐为硝酸镁，生成的氟硅酸镁溶解度适宜，有利于氟硅酸镁晶体的形成和附着。在本申请实施方式中，无机酸可以但不限于为硝酸、硫酸和盐酸中的至少一种。在一实施例中，无机酸包括硝酸，从而有利于氟硅酸盐的成型和附着。在本申请实施方式中，表面活性剂可以但不限于磷酸酯表面活性剂、十二烷基磺酸钠、十二烷基苯磺酸钠、羟甲基纤维素等，具体的，磷酸酯表面活性剂包括烷基聚氧乙烯醚磷酸酯盐和烷基磷酸酯盐中的至少一种。
在本申请一实施方式中，按质量百分比计，蒙砂液包括氟化氢铵30％-40％、硝酸钾0.1％-0.5％、硝酸镁0.1％-0.5％、磷酸酯表面活性剂0.1％-0.5％、硝酸30％-40％、盐酸0％-5％，以及水20％-30％。进一步的，按质量百分比计，蒙砂液包括氟化氢铵35％-40％、硝酸钾0.1％-0.4％、硝酸镁0.1％-0.4％、磷酸酯表面活性剂0.15％-0.45％、硝酸31％-39％、盐酸1％-4％，以及水23％-27％。进一步的，按质量百分比计，蒙砂液包括氟化氢铵35％-38％、硝酸钾0.15％-0.35％、硝酸镁0.15％-0.35％、磷酸酯表面活性剂0.2％-0.4％、硝酸32％-38％、盐酸2％-3.5％，以及水24％-26％。
在本申请实施方式中，进行蒙砂处理之前，还可以包括将蒙砂液熟化16h-24h。通过熟化处理，使得蒙砂液成分混合均匀，并在此过程中使得蒙砂液内部缓慢产生出氢氟酸，有利于蒙砂处理的进行，同时相比于直接加入氢氟酸，通过间接方式生成的氢氟酸在蒙砂处理中，反应更加缓和安全。进一步的，熟化温度为20℃-50℃。更进一步的，熟化温度为25℃-40℃，时间为18h-22h。在一实施例中，还可以对熟化后的蒙砂液进行过滤处理，具体的，可以但不限于利用70目-100目筛进行过滤。
在本申请实施方式中，进行蒙砂处理之前，还可以包括对玻璃本体前体和蒙砂液分别进行降温处理。从而可以减缓后续反应的速度，提升晶体分布的均匀性，以及形成的尖状凸起结构11的均匀性和一致性。在一实施例中，可以但不限于将4℃-10℃的水处理玻璃本 体前体5s-20s，从而达到降温的目的。
在本申请实施方式中，蒙砂处理的温度为25℃-32℃，时间为4min-6min。选择上述蒙砂处理条件，可以使得氟硅酸盐能够很好地附着在玻璃本体前体表面，有利于尖状凸起结构11的形成；蒙砂处理时间过短，晶体成核不足，蒙砂处理时间过长，晶体形貌会发生改变，同时生成的氟硅酸盐已完全覆盖玻璃本体前体表面，无需再延长反应时间，避免制备成本的增加；在实际制备过程中，可以根据氟硅酸盐完全覆盖玻璃本体前体表面的时间控制蒙砂处理的时间。进一步的，蒙砂处理的温度为26℃-30℃，时间为4min-5min。在一实施例中，可以将玻璃浸入蒙砂液中，进行蒙砂处理。具体的，蒙砂处理的温度可以但不限于为25℃、28℃、30℃、31℃、32℃等，时间可以但不限于为4min、5min、6min等。
在本申请中，蒙砂处理后，玻璃本体前体变为玻璃本体10，玻璃本体10的第一表面101上附着有氟硅酸盐；将玻璃本体10与蒙砂液分离，并对蒙砂处理的第一表面101进行清洗，去除氟硅酸盐晶体，即可得到壳体组件100。具体的，可以但不限于用水进行清洗处理。在一实施例中，水洗的温度为20℃-40℃，具体的，可以但不限于为25℃、30℃、35℃、38℃或40℃。
在本申请实施方式中，还可以对壳体组件100进行强化处理；也就是说，对玻璃本体10进行强化处理。在一实施例中，通过化学强化法对玻璃本体10进行强化处理。具体的，可以但不限于为将玻璃本体10进行盐浴，盐浴包括钠盐和钾盐中的至少一种，温度为400℃-500℃，时间为2h-10h。
在本申请实施方式中，还可以包括对壳体组件100进行CNC加工处理，以得到满足应用需求的壳体组件100。
本申请提供的制备方法简单、操作方便，能够得到蒙砂和闪光效果同时实现的壳体组件100，极大改善和提升了壳体组件100的外观效果，有利于其应用。
本申请还提供了一种电子设备，包括上述任一实施例的壳体组件100。可以理解的，电子设备可以但不限于为手机、平板电脑、笔记本电脑、手表、MP3、MP4、GPS导航仪、数码相机等。下面以手机为例进行说明。请参阅图6，为本申请一实施方式提供的电子设备的结构示意图，电子设备包括壳体组件100和主板。具有上述壳体组件100的电子设备不仅可以具有蒙砂效果，实现防指纹、防眩光、防滑，同时还具有闪光效果，显著提升电子设备的外观，满足用户需求。
实施例1
一种壳体组件的制备方法，包括：
按质量百分比计，将35％的氟化氢铵、35％的硝酸、3％的盐酸、0.5％的硝酸钾、0.5％的硝酸镁、0.5％的磷酸酯表面活性剂，以及25.5％的水投入到恒温反应釜中，在恒温25℃下以100转/min搅拌20h，然后80目网纱过滤得到蒙砂液。
用5％的氢氟酸、5％的硫酸进行酸洗熊猫一强玻璃25s，再经漂洗后置于上述蒙砂液中，处理4min。
将蒙砂处理后的玻璃取出，并进行水洗即可。
通过透光率仪(550nm波长)、雾度仪和粗糙度仪检测实施例1制得的壳体组件性能，其透过率为50％、雾度为83％，第一表面的表面粗糙度为1.75μm。
实施例2
一种壳体组件的制备方法，包括：
按质量百分比计，将35％的氟化氢铵、38.5％的硝酸、0.5％的硝酸镁、0.5％的磷酸酯表面活性剂，以及25.5％的水投入到恒温反应釜中，在恒温25℃下以100转/min搅拌24h，然后80目网纱过滤得到蒙砂液。
用5％的氢氟酸、5％的硫酸进行酸洗熊猫一强玻璃25s，再经漂洗后置于上述蒙砂液中，处理3.5min。其余步骤与实施例1的条件一致。
实施例3
一种壳体组件的制备方法，包括：
按质量百分比计，将35％的氟化氢铵、40％的硝酸、0.5％的硝酸钾、0.5％的磷酸酯表面活性剂，以及24％的水投入到恒温反应釜中，其余步骤与实施例1的条件一致。
实施例4
一种壳体组件的制备方法，包括：
按质量百分比计，将37％的氟化氢铵、30％的硝酸、5％的盐酸、0.3％的硝酸钾、0.4％的硝酸镁、0.4％的磷酸酯表面活性剂，以及26.9％的水投入到恒温反应釜中，其余步骤与实施例1的条件一致。
对比例1
一种壳体组件的制备方法，包括：
按质量百分比计，将35％的氟化氢铵、35％的硝酸、3％的盐酸，以及25.5％的水投入到恒温反应釜中；其余步骤与实施例1的条件一致。
对比例2
一种壳体组件的制备方法，包括：
按质量百分比计，将60％的氟化氢铵、35％的氟硅酸铵、2％的氟硅酸钠、2.5％氟硅酸钙以及0.5％的成核剂混合为第一组分，将50％的硝酸和50％的水混合形成第二组分，将第一组分和第二组分等体积混合后投入到恒温反应釜中；其余步骤与实施例1的条件一致。
通过粗糙度仪检测对比例2制得的壳体组件的表面粗糙度为1.3μm-2.8μm，粗糙度均匀性一般。
通过肉眼观察实施例和对比例制得的壳体组件，可以明显看出，实施例的制得的壳体组件的闪光效果明显优于对比例制得的壳体组件的闪光效果，并且实施例的闪光的均匀度高，其中，实施例1的闪光强度以及效果最佳，对比例1制得的玻璃的闪光效果非常不明显，闪光的均匀度较差。
采用二次元显微镜对实施例1和对比例1-2制得的壳体组件进行观察，其中如附图所示，其中图7A为实施例1制得的壳体组件的表面微观结构示意图，其中标尺为100μm，并且测量了其中一个尖状凸起结构的长度为109.18μm(图7A中[1]所示)，其中一个尖状凸 起结构的宽度为30.69μm(图7A中[2]所示)，图7B为实施例1制得的壳体组件的表面微观结构示意图，其中标尺为0.05mm，并且测量了其中一个尖状凸起结构的长度为0.104mm、宽度为0.04mm(图7B中[1]、[2]所示)，其中一个尖状凸起结构的长度为0.095mm(图7B中[3]所示)。图8为对比例1制得的壳体组件的表面微观结构示意图，其中标尺为0.05mm，并且测量了其中一个尖状凸起结构的长度为0.071mm。图9为对比例2制得的壳体组件的表面微观结构示意图，其中标尺为100μm。通过比较可以看出，实施例1的壳体组件的表面上的尖状凸起结构为三棱锥状，尖状凸起结构的形貌以及分布的均匀度和一致性最佳，对比例1的壳体组件的表面上的凸起结构形貌混乱，且几乎没有棱切面的存在，粗糙度不均匀，对比例2的壳体组件的表面上的凸起结构虽然有棱切面的存在，但凸起结构的形貌差异较大，有像树枝状的凸起结构，有像花状的凸起结构，以六方晶型为主，粗糙度均匀性一般，形貌一致性不佳。
采用二次元显微镜对实施例1的蒙砂过程中壳体组件表面的情况进行检测分析，结果如图10A-图10D所示，其中，图10A为实施例1中蒙砂处理10s的壳体组件表面示意图，可以看出在玻璃表面已经产生了超细晶粒，部分能够成为初级晶核，图中示出了其中一个晶粒的尺寸为0.002mm(图10A中[1]所示)。图10B为实施例1中蒙砂处理30s的壳体组件表面示意图，其中，可以看到细小的初级晶核，图中示出了其中一个初级晶核的尺寸为0.004mm(图10B中[3]所示)。图10C为实施例1中蒙砂处理60s的壳体组件表面示意图，其中，可以看到晶核二级生长和扩增，图中示出了其中一个正在生长的晶核的长度为0.016mm(图10C中[1]所示)，另一个正在生长的晶核的长度为0.026mm(图10C中[2]所示)。图10D为实施例1中制得的壳体组件表面示意图，即为蒙砂处理240s后壳体组件表面示意图，其中晶体的生长已经完成，经过清洗后，得到了具有尖状凸起结构的壳体组件，图中示出了其中一个尖状凸起结构的长度为0.094mm(图10D中[1]所示)，另一个尖状凸起结构的长度为0.125mm、宽度为0.056mm(图10D中[2]、[3]所示)。可以看出，在蒙砂处理过程中，生成的初级晶核附着在玻璃表面，并通过吸附成核的方式，晶体进行生长和扩展，保护晶体下面的玻璃免受进一步侵蚀，未附着有晶体的玻璃表面会继续反应，从而使得最终在玻璃表面形成的尖状凸起结构与附着的氟硅酸盐晶体形貌相同；上述蒙砂过程使得氟硅酸盐晶体的生长和扩展更加有序、形貌尺寸更加均一，从而可以得到均匀度、一致性优异的尖状凸起结构，提升壳体组件的闪光效果以及品质。
以上对本申请实施方式所提供的内容进行了详细介绍，本文对本申请的原理及实施方式进行了阐述与说明，以上说明只是用于帮助理解本申请的方法及其核心思想；同时，对于本领域的一般技术人员，依据本申请的思想，在具体实施方式及应用范围上均会有改变之处，综上所述，本说明书内容不应理解为对本申请的限制。

Claims (20)

  1. 一种壳体组件，其特征在于，包括玻璃本体，所述玻璃本体具有第一表面，所述第一表面上具有多个微米级的尖状凸起结构，所述尖状凸起结构包括尖端、底部，以及由所述尖端向所述底部延伸的三个棱切面，其中，在多个所述尖状凸起结构中，至少95％的所述尖状凸起结构的长宽比为1：(0.2-0.5)。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的壳体组件，其特征在于，所述尖状凸起结构包括三棱锥和类三棱锥中的至少一种。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的壳体组件，其特征在于，三个所述棱切面两两相交分别形成第一棱边、第二棱边和第三棱边，所述第一棱边、所述第二棱边和所述第三棱边的长度比为1：(0.8-1.2)：(2-6)。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的壳体组件，其特征在于，所述第一棱边与所述尖状凸起结构的高度比值为1：(3-7)。
  5. 如权利要求1所述的壳体组件，其特征在于，在多个所述尖状凸起结构中，至少95％的所述尖状凸起结构的长宽比为1：(0.25-0.4)。
  6. 如权利要求1所述的壳体组件，其特征在于，所述尖状凸起结构的高度为10μm-15μm，长度为90μm-200μm，宽度为30μm-60μm。
  7. 如权利要求1所述的壳体组件，其特征在于，所述尖状凸起结构的长度和高度比不小于6。
  8. 如权利要求7所述的壳体组件，其特征在于，所述尖状凸起结构的长度和高度比为6-25。
  9. 如权利要求1所述的壳体组件，其特征在于，所述第一表面的表面粗糙度为1.5μm-2.1μm，所述玻璃本体的雾度为70％-90％，透光率为45％-55％。
  10. 如权利要求1所述的壳体组件，其特征在于，相邻所述尖状凸起结构之间的间距为0μm-30μm。
  11. 如权利要求1所述的壳体组件，其特征在于，所述玻璃本体含有镁元素和钾元素中的至少一种，其中，所述镁元素的质量含量为1％-12％，所述钾元素的质量含量为1％-12％。
  12. 如权利要求1所述的壳体组件，其特征在于，所述玻璃本体为强化玻璃。
  13. 如权利要求1所述的壳体组件，其特征在于，所述壳体组件还包括装饰层，所述玻璃本体具有相对设置的所述第一表面和第二表面，所述装饰层设置在所述玻璃壳体的所述第二表面；所述装饰层包括颜色层、光学膜层、纹理层、防护层和盖底层中的至少一种。
  14. 如权利要求1所述的壳体组件，其特征在于，所述壳体组件还包括防护层，所述防护层设置在所述玻璃壳体的所述第一表面；所述防护层的厚度小于50μm。
  15. 一种壳体组件的制备方法，其特征在于，包括：
    提供蒙砂液，对玻璃本体前体的第一表面进行蒙砂处理并清洗，得到壳体组件，其中， 所述蒙砂液包含表面活性剂、铵离子、以及镁离子和钾离子中的至少一种离子；所述第一表面上具有多个尖状凸起结构，所述尖状凸起结构包括尖端、底部，以及由所述尖端向所述底部延伸的三个棱切面，所述尖状凸起结构的长宽比为1：(0.2-0.6)。
  16. 如权利要求15所述的制备方法，其特征在于，按质量百分比计，所述蒙砂液包括：
    Figure PCTCN2021122382-appb-100001
  17. 如权利要求16所述的制备方法，其特征在于，按质量百分比计，所述蒙砂液包括：
    Figure PCTCN2021122382-appb-100002
  18. 如权利要求15所述的制备方法，其特征在于，所述蒙砂处理的温度为25℃-32℃，时间为4min-6min。
  19. 如权利要求15所述的制备方法，其特征在于，还包括对所述壳体组件进行强化处理。
  20. 一种电子设备，其特征在于，包括壳体组件和主板，所述壳体组件包括玻璃本体，所述玻璃本体具有第一表面，所述第一表面上具有多个微米级的尖状凸起结构，所述尖状凸起结构包括尖端、底部，以及由所述尖端向所述底部延伸的三个棱切面，其中，在多个所述尖状凸起结构中，至少95％的所述尖状凸起结构的长宽比为1：(0.2-0.5)。
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