WO2022120926A1 - 一种原水加热除硬水处理装置 - Google Patents
一种原水加热除硬水处理装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022120926A1 WO2022120926A1 PCT/CN2020/137841 CN2020137841W WO2022120926A1 WO 2022120926 A1 WO2022120926 A1 WO 2022120926A1 CN 2020137841 W CN2020137841 W CN 2020137841W WO 2022120926 A1 WO2022120926 A1 WO 2022120926A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- water
- heat exchanger
- raw water
- heating
- gravel
- Prior art date
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 431
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 81
- 239000008233 hard water Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 239000008236 heating water Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium carbonate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-]C([O-])=O ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000001095 magnesium carbonate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 229910000021 magnesium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 claims description 67
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 56
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 55
- 239000003082 abrasive agent Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 235000002639 sodium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 32
- VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium nitrate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 32
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium carbonate Substances [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 30
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- NKWPZUCBCARRDP-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].OC([O-])=O.OC([O-])=O NKWPZUCBCARRDP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910000020 calcium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium chloride Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Cl-].[Cl-] TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 16
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 16
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 16
- ZCCIPPOKBCJFDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium nitrate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O ZCCIPPOKBCJFDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 16
- QWDJLDTYWNBUKE-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Mg+2].OC([O-])=O.OC([O-])=O QWDJLDTYWNBUKE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000002370 magnesium bicarbonate Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 235000014824 magnesium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910000022 magnesium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- YIXJRHPUWRPCBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium nitrate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O YIXJRHPUWRPCBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000004317 sodium nitrate Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 235000010344 sodium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910001629 magnesium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000019341 magnesium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- DNHVXYDGZKWYNU-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Pb] DNHVXYDGZKWYNU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000005388 borosilicate glass Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002144 chemical decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- VUZPPFZMUPKLLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane;hydrate Chemical compound C.O VUZPPFZMUPKLLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000008213 purified water Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000006004 Quartz sand Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010431 corundum Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001651 emery Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- FYHXNYLLNIKZMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;carbonic acid Chemical compound [Ca].OC(O)=O FYHXNYLLNIKZMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- MKWWEDUUWVJSSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonic acid;sodium Chemical compound [Na].OC(O)=O.OC(O)=O MKWWEDUUWVJSSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 229910012375 magnesium hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005352 clarification Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000012716 precipitator Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 235000010216 calcium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 15
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonic acid Chemical compound OC(O)=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000005261 decarburization Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000008239 natural water Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000053 physical method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001223 reverse osmosis Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000012267 brine Substances 0.000 description 2
- 159000000007 calcium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 159000000003 magnesium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008139 complexing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005262 decarbonization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010612 desalination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003651 drinking water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020188 drinking water Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012851 eutrophication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002521 macromolecule Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000004060 metabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001151 other effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003384 small molecules Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003911 water pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F5/00—Softening water; Preventing scale; Adding scale preventatives or scale removers to water, e.g. adding sequestering agents
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47J—KITCHEN EQUIPMENT; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; APPARATUS FOR MAKING BEVERAGES
- A47J31/00—Apparatus for making beverages
- A47J31/44—Parts or details or accessories of beverage-making apparatus
- A47J31/54—Water boiling vessels in beverage making machines
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
Definitions
- the invention relates to a raw water heating and hardening water treatment device, in particular to a raw water heating and hardening removal device for producing softened water.
- Water is the source of all organic compounds and living substances, and is a precious resource for human survival. Facts have proved that to ensure human health, we must ensure the safety of drinking water. Modern scientific research has shown that water changes from macromolecules to small molecules after heating, which is conducive to the passage of water channels in cells and accelerates human metabolism.
- Chinese patent 201510910166.1 uses a microwave heating method of 1500-2500MHz to realize the production of "boiled water” pure water, but this method has high energy consumption and is not suitable for large factories. Mass production.
- water is used as an important substance in numerous industrial fields. Because the largest salt content in fresh water is hardness salts, that is, temporarily hard calcium bicarbonate, magnesium bicarbonate and calcium salts and magnesium salts of various permanent acids, raw water will cause carbonic acid due to changes in temperature during the process. Calcium hydrogen and magnesium bicarbonate are decomposed and become scale, and the calcium salt and magnesium salt of permanent hard various acids become scale due to chemical reaction, which affects the heat exchange efficiency of the medium.
- the most conventional way is to remove the temporary hardening by chemical methods such as adding acid or alkali; or to remove the permanent and temporary hardening by ion exchange; or to remove the permanent and temporary hardening by reverse osmosis .
- the present invention creates a brand-new method, namely physical method, to relieve the problem of scale adhering to the surface of the heat exchanger. Therefore, a new technology of heating and grinding to remove dirt was invented. Therefore, the water can be de-hardened without adding drugs and polluting the environment.
- This device is a device that can meet the needs of industrial production and people's life to the greatest extent, and is low-cost, harmless, and environmentally friendly.
- a raw water heating and removing hard water treatment device comprising a raw water pretreatment device, a water supply device, a heat exchange device, a final stage heating device, a separation and sedimentation device, a filter device, and an exhaust device. It is characterized in that the raw water pretreatment device includes coarse filtration and activated carbon filtration.
- the raw water treated by the pretreatment device is pumped out by the water pump, mixed with sand and gravel abrasives by the ejector, or the raw water mixed with the sand and gravel abrasives and then passed through the water pump to set the flow rate and input to the heating side of the multi-stage vertical heat exchanger.
- the raw water is heated from the natural initial temperature to the set temperature, and then the water is heated to 110°C to 125°C by the final stage heater, and kept for 3 to 10 minutes. This causes the calcium bicarbonate and magnesium bicarbonate in the raw water to be heated to produce a decomposition reaction, resulting in calcium carbonate precipitation, magnesium carbonate precipitation and carbonic acid.
- Sodium carbonate reacts chemically with calcium sulfate, calcium chloride, calcium nitrate and other salts in water to form calcium carbonate precipitation and sodium sulfate, sodium chloride, and sodium nitrate.
- Sodium carbonate reacts with magnesium sulfate, magnesium chloride, and magnesium nitrate in water to form magnesium carbonate precipitation and sodium sulfate, sodium chloride, and sodium nitrate.
- calcium bicarbonate and magnesium bicarbonate are decomposed to produce calcium carbonate precipitation, and magnesium carbonate precipitation, that is, scale, will form on the heat exchange surface of the vertical heat exchanger, which will seriously affect the heat exchange efficiency.
- Ca(HCO 3 ) 2 CaCO 3 ⁇ +CO 2 ⁇ +H 2 O.
- Mg(HCO 3 ) 2 MgCO 3 +H 2 O+ CO 2 ⁇ .
- Sodium carbonate reacts chemically with calcium sulfate, calcium chloride, calcium nitrate and other salts in water to form calcium carbonate precipitation and sodium sulfate, sodium chloride, and sodium nitrate.
- Na 2 CO 3 +CaCl 2 CaCO 3 ⁇ +2NaCl.
- Na 2 CO 3 +Ca(NO 3 ) 2 CaCO 3 ⁇ +2NaNO 3 .
- Sodium carbonate reacts with magnesium sulfate, magnesium chloride, and magnesium nitrate in water to form magnesium carbonate precipitation and sodium sulfate, sodium chloride, and sodium nitrate.
- MgSO 4 +Na 2 CO 3 MgCO 3 ⁇ +Na 2 SO 4 .
- Mg(NO 3 ) 2 +Na 2 CO 3 MgCO 3 ⁇ +2NaNO 3 .
- sand and gravel abrasives are added to the raw water to cause friction between the sand and gravel abrasives in the water and the scale on the tube wall of the vertical heat exchanger, thereby grinding down the scale.
- the scale under grinding acts as a crystal nucleus, which can rapidly crystallize and grow calcium carbonate and magnesium carbonate generated by thermal decomposition of calcium bicarbonate and magnesium bicarbonate.
- On the scale make it grind the scale on the pipe wall through the grit abrasive and the pipe wall to keep the pipe wall clean.
- the working pressure of the whole system is provided by the initial feed pump.
- the pressure applied by the pump must be greater than or equal to the corresponding boiling temperature and pressure of the water.
- the whole system is a pressure-bearing system. After the water passes through the filter, the pressure of the system is partially reduced, and the pressure of the whole device is controlled by the valve at the end.
- the raw water is exhausted to remove carbon dioxide gas in the raw water, and the effluent exhaust device is installed after the terminal valve.
- the multi-stage heat exchangers are arranged in a vertical arrangement.
- the top of each group of vertical heat exchangers is provided with at least one heated underwater lead pipe connected downward from the top, and each with at least one end connected upward. cooling water lead pipe.
- the nozzle of the heating water lead pipe of the upper-stage vertical heat exchanger is connected with the water inlet nozzle of the heating and heating water lead pipe of the next-level vertical heat exchanger, and the end of the vertical heat exchanger of the previous stage is connected to the water inlet pipe.
- the nozzle of the cooling water lead pipe is connected to the water inlet nozzle of the next-level vertical heat exchanger for exothermic cooling and the underwater lead pipe, and so on to form the cold water heating and rising, leading down to the top, and then exchanging heat with the next level.
- the cold water from the heater heats up the connected series piping. After that, the water is heated to 110°C to 125°C by the final stage heater, and kept for 3 to 10 minutes.
- the exothermic hot water is released from the top, and is connected to the hot water exothermic descending tube cluster connected to the hot water at the top.
- the temperature difference of each group of heat exchange tube clusters is set at 6 It operates at about ⁇ 35°C, forming a countercurrent heat exchange between cold and hot water.
- the heat exchange tubes in the vertical heat exchanger are glass tubes, glass tubes or high borosilicate glass tubes.
- the heat exchange tube is either a metal tube, and the metal tube is a stainless steel tube, or a titanium tube, or a copper tube, or an aluminum tube or an aluminum alloy tube.
- the raw water on the heating side of the multi-stage vertical heat exchanger is heated up step by step to achieve the natural initial temperature of the raw water from the incoming water, and is heated by the multi-stage vertical heat exchanger and the final stage heater until it is heated to the required setting of the raw water. temperature. Since the last stage heating is to make up for the heat transfer temperature difference of about 6 to 35°C required on both sides of the vertical heat exchanger, the heat required to make up the heat transfer temperature difference of water is very small. After that, the hot water is passed through the cooling side of the vertical heat exchanger, and the temperature is lowered from 110° C. to 125° C. to an appropriately set temperature.
- the vertical heat exchanger Since the heated cold water is input from the end of the vertical heat exchanger, and the cooled hot water is output from the end of the vertical heat exchanger, the vertical heat exchanger increases the temperature of the incoming water and the density of the water decreases, forming a natural upward cycle power. When the water temperature drops, the density of the water increases, forming a natural descending water circulation power, and forming a circulation path for the cooling water to descend step by step.
- the calcium bicarbonate and magnesium bicarbonate in the heated raw water are heated to produce a decomposition reaction, resulting in calcium carbonate precipitation, magnesium carbonate precipitation, carbon dioxide and water.
- the raw water that is heated and produces chemical decomposition reaction is cooled by a vertical heat exchanger. After that, the abrasive grit abrasive and the scale sediment are separated by the grit abrasive and scale separator. Due to the large proportion of sand and gravel abrasives, it is the first to settle out.
- the precipitated sand and gravel abrasives are then injected into the cold water to be heated through the pipeline jet mixer or water pump, so that the sand and gravel abrasives form a circulation, and the scale is subsequently precipitated.
- the water after being separated and clarified from the scale is input into the filter device, the water is filtered and purified, the purified water is filtered, the calcium and magnesium precipitates in the water are removed, and filtered through a filter to remove the calcium carbonate and magnesium carbonate precipitates in the raw water, and the precipitation is filtered. After the raw water, the temporary and permanent hardness of the water is eliminated, so that the water can be softened.
- the raw water is exhausted through a deaerator to remove carbon dioxide gas in the water, and the raw water becomes boiled water.
- the outer walls of the heat exchanger, the final stage heater, the pipeline and the valve of the raw water heating and dehardening device are all provided with a thermal insulation layer.
- a raw water heating and dehardening water treatment device comprises a raw water pretreatment device, a water supply device, a heat exchange device, a final stage heating device, a separation and sedimentation device, a filter device, and an exhaust device. It is characterized in that the raw water pretreatment device includes coarse filtration and activated carbon filtration.
- the raw water treated by the pretreatment device is pumped out by the water pump, mixed with the sand and gravel abrasives by the ejector, or the raw water mixed with the sand and gravel abrasives and then passed through the water pump to set the flow rate and input to the heating side of the multi-stage horizontal heat exchanger.
- the raw water is heated from the natural initial temperature to the set temperature, and then the water is heated to 110°C to 125°C by the final stage heater, and kept for 3 to 10 minutes.
- This causes the calcium bicarbonate and magnesium bicarbonate in the raw water to be heated to produce a decomposition reaction, resulting in calcium carbonate precipitation, magnesium carbonate precipitation and carbonic acid.
- Sodium carbonate reacts chemically with calcium sulfate, calcium chloride, calcium nitrate and other salts in water to form calcium carbonate precipitation and sodium sulfate, sodium chloride, and sodium nitrate.
- Sodium carbonate reacts with magnesium sulfate, magnesium chloride, and magnesium nitrate in water to form magnesium carbonate precipitation and sodium sulfate, sodium chloride, and sodium nitrate.
- calcium bicarbonate and magnesium bicarbonate are decomposed to produce calcium carbonate precipitation and magnesium carbonate precipitation, that is, scale, which will be deposited on the heat exchange surface of the horizontal heat exchanger, which will seriously affect the heat exchange efficiency.
- Ca(HCO 3 ) 2 CaCO 3 ⁇ +CO 2 ⁇ +H 2 O.
- Mg(HCO 3 ) 2 MgCO 3 +H 2 O+ CO 2 ⁇ .
- Sodium carbonate reacts chemically with calcium sulfate, calcium chloride, calcium nitrate and other salts in water to form calcium carbonate precipitation and sodium sulfate, sodium chloride, and sodium nitrate.
- Na 2 CO 3 +CaCl 2 CaCO 3 ⁇ +2NaCl.
- Na 2 CO 3 +Ca(NO 3 ) 2 CaCO 3 ⁇ +2NaNO 3 .
- Sodium carbonate reacts with magnesium sulfate, magnesium chloride, and magnesium nitrate in water to form magnesium carbonate precipitation and sodium sulfate, sodium chloride, and sodium nitrate.
- MgSO 4 +Na 2 CO 3 MgCO 3 ⁇ +Na 2 SO 4 .
- Mg(NO 3 ) 2 +Na 2 CO 3 MgCO 3 ⁇ +2NaNO 3 .
- sand and gravel abrasives are added to the raw water to cause friction between the sand and gravel abrasives in the water and the scale on the tube wall of the horizontal heat exchanger, thereby grinding down the scale.
- the scale under grinding acts as a crystal nucleus, which can rapidly crystallize and grow calcium carbonate and magnesium carbonate generated by thermal decomposition of calcium bicarbonate and magnesium bicarbonate.
- On the scale make it grind the scale on the pipe wall through the grit abrasive and the pipe wall to keep the pipe wall clean.
- the working pressure of the whole system is provided by the initial feed pump.
- the pressure applied by the pump must be greater than or equal to the corresponding boiling temperature and pressure of the water.
- the whole system is a pressure-bearing system. After the water passes through the filter, the pressure of the system is partially reduced, and the pressure of the whole device is controlled by the valve at the end.
- the raw water is exhausted to remove carbon dioxide gas in the raw water, and the effluent exhaust device is installed after the terminal valve.
- the multi-stage heat exchanger is a horizontal shell-and-tube heat exchanger, or a horizontal tube-and-tube heat exchanger, which is arranged by stacking up and down, or horizontally arranged in layers.
- the multi-stage heat exchangers are arranged in a horizontal arrangement, and the end of each level of the horizontal heat exchanger is provided with at least one serial pipe that is connected to the next stage of warming water from the end, and at least one end is provided.
- the side is connected to the series pipe of the next stage cooling water.
- the heating water of the upper horizontal heat exchanger is connected to the nozzle of the series pipe of the heating water of the next stage, and is connected to the inlet pipe of the series pipe of the horizontal heat exchanger of the next level that is connected to the heating water of the next stage.
- the end of the upper-level horizontal heat exchanger is connected to the serial pipe nozzle of the next-level heating water, and the series-connected water inlet nozzle of the next-level cooling water is connected to the heat-releasing and cooling water of the next-level horizontal heat exchanger.
- Connect, and so on to form a cold water heat exchanger which is then connected to the cold water heat exchanger of the next stage heat exchanger.
- the water is heated to 110°C to 125°C by the final stage heater, and kept for 3 to 10 minutes.
- the exothermic hot water is released from the end, and the temperature difference of each group of heat exchange tube clusters is set to operate at about 6-35 °C, forming a countercurrent heat exchange between cold and hot water.
- the heat exchange tubes in the horizontal heat exchanger are glass tubes, glass tubes or high borosilicate glass tubes.
- the heat exchange tube is either a metal tube, and the metal tube is a stainless steel tube, or a titanium tube, or a copper tube, or an aluminum tube or an aluminum alloy tube.
- the raw water on the heating side of the multi-stage horizontal heat exchanger is heated up step by step to achieve the natural initial temperature of the raw water from the incoming water, and is heated by the multi-stage horizontal heat exchanger and the final stage heater until it is heated to the required setting for the raw water. temperature. Since the final stage heating is to make up for the heat transfer temperature difference of about 6 to 35°C required on both sides of the horizontal heat exchanger, very little heat is required to make up for the heat transfer temperature difference of water.
- the hot water is passed through the cooling side of the horizontal heat exchanger, and the temperature is lowered from 110° C. to 125° C. to an appropriately set temperature. Since the heated cold water is input from the end side of the horizontal heat exchanger, the cooled hot water is output from the end side of the horizontal heat exchanger.
- the calcium bicarbonate and magnesium bicarbonate in the heated raw water will decompose due to heating, resulting in calcium carbonate precipitation, magnesium carbonate precipitation, carbon dioxide and water.
- the raw water that is heated and produces chemical decomposition reaction is cooled by a horizontal heat exchanger. After that, the abrasive grit abrasive and the scale sediment are separated by the grit abrasive and scale separator. Due to the large proportion of sand and gravel abrasives, it is the first to settle out. The precipitated sand and gravel abrasives are then injected into the cold water to be heated through the pipeline jet mixer or water pump, so that the sand and gravel abrasives form a circulation, and the scale is subsequently precipitated.
- the water after being separated and clarified from the scale is input into the filter device, the water is filtered and purified, the purified water is filtered, the calcium and magnesium precipitates in the water are removed, and filtered through a filter to remove the calcium carbonate and magnesium carbonate precipitates in the raw water, and the precipitation is filtered.
- the temporary and permanent hardness of the water is eliminated, so that the water can be softened.
- the raw water is exhausted through a deaerator to remove carbon dioxide gas in the water, and the raw water becomes boiled water.
- the outer walls of the heat exchanger, the final stage heater, the pipeline and the valve of the raw water heating and dehardening device are all provided with a thermal insulation layer.
- the heat source of the final stage heater is a water steam heater arranged at the bottom of the final stage heater to directly inject water vapor into water for direct heating. Bring the temperature of the heated water to 110 to 125 degrees and hold for 3-10 minutes.
- a raw water heating and removing hard water treatment device the heat source of the final stage heater is provided at the bottom of the final stage heater, including water steam heat exchanger heating, electric heater heating, electrode heater heating, gas heater heating, solar water heater heating Heating, microwave heater heating. Bring it to a temperature of 110 degrees to 125 degrees and hold for 3-10 minutes.
- a raw water heating and removing hard water treatment device, the sand and gravel abrasives include quartz sand, emery and corundum.
- the utility model relates to a raw water heating and dehardening water treatment device.
- the sand and gravel abrasive water jet mixer is used for raw water jet to suck the sand and gravel abrasive water slurry mixture.
- the utility model relates to a raw water heating and dehardening water treatment device. After the sand and gravel abrasives and the raw water are stirred by a stirrer, they are pumped out by a water pump and enter the raw water heating and dehardening device.
- a raw water heating and removing hard water treatment device, the sand-gravel-abrasive-scale-separating-precipitation filter is a three-stage structure, the first section is a sand-gravel abrasive precipitation section, the second section is a scale precipitation section, the upper part of the scale precipitation section is provided with a sloping plate, and the first section is a sand-gravel abrasive precipitation section.
- the third section is the water filtration section.
- the grit abrasive is precipitated in the form of a mixed water slurry, which is connected to the jet mixer through a pipeline valve.
- a raw water heating and removing hard water treatment device, the sand-gravel-abrasive-scale-separating-precipitation filter is a three-stage structure, the first section is a sand-gravel abrasive precipitation section, the second section is a scale precipitation section, the upper part of the scale precipitation section is provided with a sloping plate, and the first section is a sand-gravel abrasive precipitation section.
- the third section is the water filtration section.
- the sand-gravel abrasive sediment is connected to the raw water tank with agitator through the pipeline valve in the form of mixed water slurry, and is pumped out by the water pump and enters the raw water heating and dehardening device.
- a raw water heating and removing hard water treatment device the heat exchange tubes of the vertical heat exchanger and the horizontal heat exchanger may be aluminum tubes or aluminum alloy tubes, and the aluminum tubes or aluminum alloy tubes will chemically react with oxygen in water to generate
- the hard aluminum oxide film layer which can be regenerated after wear, has high heat exchange efficiency, stable mechanical properties, and moderate price. It is a good option for vertical heat exchangers. Its aluminum tube or aluminum alloy tube can be extruded. It can be produced, and the surface can be made with internal and external heat exchange fins, which increases the heat exchange area of water.
- the invention is a raw water heating and dehardening water treatment device, which is a pure physical dehardening method, has high utilization rate of raw water, does not need to use drugs, saves energy and reduces emissions, and solves the problem of scaling on the heat exchange surface of the heat exchanger, low thermal efficiency and energy consumption. Large, the ion exchanger and reverse osmosis discharge large brine, causing the problem of environmental pollution. And it is especially suitable for industrial mass production.
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of the first system of a raw water heating and dehardening water treatment device according to the present invention.
- Figure 2 shows a schematic diagram of a second system of a raw water heating and dehardening water treatment device of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 shows a schematic diagram of a third system of a raw water heating and dehardening water treatment device of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 shows a schematic diagram of a fourth system of a raw water heating and dehardening water treatment device according to the present invention.
- Example 1 As shown in Figure 1 .
- the raw water enters the raw water tank 19 through the valve F6 and the raw water supply pipe 20, the raw water in the raw water tank 19 enters the multimedia filter 14 through the valve F7, the raw water pump 17 and the valve F8, and the raw water filtered by the multimedia filter 14 passes through the valve.
- F9 enters the activated carbon filter 11, and the raw water filtered by the activated carbon filter 11 passes through the valve F10, the pressurized water pump 9, the valve F11, and enters the raw water sand and gravel abrasive jet mixer 8, and passes through the raw water.
- Pipe 6 enters vertical heat exchanger 1 .
- the raw water is heated up and rises. After reaching the top of the heat exchanger, it enters the next-stage heat exchanger along the raw water descending pipe 2 and continues to heat until it enters the raw water steam heater 4.
- the steam supply pipe 24 of the water steam heater heats the raw water through the valve F1.
- the raw water in the steam heater 4 is heated to the set temperature, and the water is kept for 3 minutes and then discharged along the drain riser 3, enters the heat exchanger 1 to release heat and descends, and then enters the next stage through the drain riser 3
- the heat exchanger 1 releases heat and descends until it enters the sand and gravel abrasive sedimentation tank 7 through the cooling boiled water discharge pipe 5 .
- the boiled water mixed with sand and gravel abrasives enters the sedimentation tank 7, and after the sand and gravel abrasives in the boiled water are precipitated, it enters the raw water sand and gravel abrasive jet mixer 8 through the valve F5 for mixing to realize circulation.
- the boiled water from which the grit abrasives are precipitated enters the water into the scale sedimentation tank 12 through the inclined plate 10, and the scale mud is discharged through the valve F4, the scale mud pump 13 and the scale mud pipe 14; the water in the scale sedimentation tank 12 enters the white boiled water filter 16.
- the decarburizer 23 After filtering, it enters the decarburizer 23 for decarburization through the valve F2 and the boiled water raw water pipe 25, and the boiled water after decarburization enters the intermediate water tank 18, and the boiled water is supplied through the valve F3, the boiled water pump 22 and the boiled water outlet pipe 21.
- Example 2 As shown in FIG. 2 .
- the raw water enters the raw water tank 19 through the raw water supply pipe 20 and the valve F6, the raw water in the raw water tank 19 enters the multimedia filter 14 through the valve F7, the raw water pump 17 and the valve F8, and the raw water filtered through the multimedia filter 14 passes through the valve.
- F9 enters the activated carbon filter 11, and the raw water filtered by the activated carbon filter 11 enters the water and sand mixing tank 27 through the valve F10.
- the water and sand mixing tank 27 is provided with a water and sand mixer 26, and the water and sand mixer 26 is in the water tank. After the water is stirred and mixed, it enters the heat exchanger 1 through the valve F11, the jet water pump and the valve F12, as the supplementary water for the vertical heat exchanger 1.
- the raw water is heated up and rises. After reaching the top of the vertical heat exchanger, it enters the next-stage heat exchanger along the raw water descending pipe 2 and continues to heat until it enters the raw water steam heater 4.
- the steam supply pipe 24 of the water steam heater passes through the valve F1 Heat the raw water in the raw water steam heater 4, heat the water to the set temperature, and keep it for 3 minutes, then discharge it along the drain riser 3, enter the heat exchanger 1 to release heat, and then enter the bottom through the drain riser 3.
- the first-stage heat exchanger 1 releases heat and descends until it enters the sand and gravel abrasive sedimentation tank 7 through the cooling boiled water discharge pipe 5 .
- the boiled water mixed with sand and gravel abrasives enters the sedimentation tank 7, and after the sand and gravel abrasives in the boiled water are precipitated, the raw water filtered by the activated carbon filter 11 enters the water-sand mixed water tank 27 through the valve F10, and the water-sand mixed water tank 27 is provided with water.
- the boiled water from which the sand and gravel abrasives are precipitated enters the water into the scale sedimentation tank 12 through the inclined plate 10 , and the scale mud is discharged through the valve F4 , the scale mud pump 13 and the scale mud pipe 14 .
- the water in the scale sedimentation tank 12 enters into the boiled water filter 16 and after being filtered, it enters the decarburizer 23 through the valve F2 and the boiled water raw water pipe 25 for decarburization, and the decarburized boiled water enters the intermediate water tank 18, and the boiled water passes through the valve F3.
- the plain water pump 22 and the plain water outlet pipe 21 are supplied.
- Example 3 As shown in FIG. 3 .
- the heat exchanger is a horizontal heat exchanger, and the connecting pipeline is a downstream series pipeline, and the others are the same as in Figure 1.
- Example 4 As shown in FIG. 4 .
- the heat exchanger is a horizontal heat exchanger, and the connecting pipeline is a downstream series pipeline, and the others are equivalent to Figure 2.
Abstract
一种原水加热除硬水处理装置，包括粗滤、活性炭过滤，原水通过水泵加压泵出，经喷射器混合沙砾磨料，或原水混合沙砾磨料后通过水泵，以设定流速，输入到多级立式或卧式换热器(1)的加热侧和末级加热器，将原水从自然初始温度，加热到设定温度。这使原水中的暂硬及永硬受热产生分解反应，生成碳酸钙沉淀，碳酸镁沉淀。原水中加入了沙砾磨料，使水中的沙砾磨料和立式换热器(1)管壁上的水垢产生磨擦，从而将水垢磨下，保持管壁的清洁。装置通过多级立式或卧式换热器(1)的冷却侧，将水温降到设定温度，并通过过滤，得到除去暂硬及永硬的白开水，原水利用率高，无需使用药品，节能减排，解决了换热器换热面结垢，热效率不高、能耗大，造成污染环境的问题。
Description
本发明涉及一种原水加热除硬水处理装置，特别是一种原水加热除硬生产软化水装置。
水是一切有机化合物和生命物质的源泉，是人类赖以生存的宝贵资源。事实证明，想保证人体健康，必须保证饮水安全。现代科学研究表明，水加热后从大分子变为小分子团，有利于通过细胞水通道，加速人体新陈代谢。
由于白开水的健康特性，现有技术中已有关于白开水的生产研究，例如中国专利201510910166.1采用1500～2500MHz的微波加热方式实现“白开水”纯净水生产，但这种方式能耗高，不适合工厂大批量生产。
再例如中国专利CN106186490B，一种凉白开生产工艺，需UHT加热杀菌，将脱气洁净水通入UHT杀菌机进行加热杀菌，由于须对原水进行软化处理，必须对自然水体排放高含盐水，这不但浪费了水资源，而且还造成了河道及自然水体高含盐水的污染。
另外，水作为一种重要物质用于众多的工业领域。因淡水中最大的含盐量是硬度盐类，也即暂硬碳酸氢钙、碳酸氢镁及永硬各种酸的钙盐、镁盐，原水会在工艺过程中，因温度发生变化造成碳酸氢钙、碳酸氢镁分解，变成水垢，永硬各种酸的钙盐、镁盐则因化学反应变成水垢，影响介质的换热效率。为了解决这些问题，最常规的方式是通过化学法如加酸或碱，使暂硬脱除；或通过离子交换将永硬、暂硬脱除；或通过反渗透将永硬、暂硬脱除。然而，在这个过程中，必须对水加各种药品，如酸、碱或其它药品，如作为循环水中的络合剂等。这些药品的加入，使水最起码产生酸、碱、盐对水体污染，而这种污染对自然水体相当大，使之用于灌溉或其它的影响，使土壤盐碱化，或使水体富营养化。因此，用物理法解决酸、碱、盐对水体的污染，在不加药品的情况下，实现水体的脱硬，是人们梦寐以求的。然而，由于在物理方法如加热脱盐除硬方面，因暂硬或者永硬分解产生水垢造成换热效率的下降而使之无法实现这种方法的持续性，因此，原水脱硬一直没有良好的解决办法。
本发明创造了一种全新的方法，即物理法来解除水垢附着于换热器表面的问题。因此，发明了一种加热除硬磨擦除垢的新技术。从而实现在不加药品，不污染环境的前提下，对水进行脱硬处理，这种装置是能够最大限度的符合工业生产及人们生活的需求，且成本低、无危害、环保的装置。
鉴于以上情形，为了解决换热面结垢，热效率不高、能耗大，离子交换器及反渗透排放浓盐水，污染环境的问题，发明了一种原水加热除硬水处理装置，其具体技术方案如下：一种原水加热除硬水处理装置，包括原水预处理装置、供水装置、换热装置、末级加热装置、分离沉淀装置、过滤装置、排气装置。其特征是：原水预处理装置包括粗滤、活性炭过滤。经预处理装置处理的原水，通过水泵加压泵出，经喷射器混合沙砾磨料，或原水混合沙砾磨料后通过水泵，以设定流速，输入到多级立式换热器的加热侧。将原水从自然初始温度，加热到设定温度，之后，通过末级加热器，将水加热到110℃～125℃，并保持3～10分钟。这使原水中的碳酸氢钙、碳酸氢镁受热产生分解反应，生成碳酸钙沉淀，碳酸镁沉淀和碳酸。碳酸钠和水中的硫酸钙、氯化钙、硝酸钙等盐类产生化学反应，生成碳酸钙沉淀及硫酸钠、氯化钠、硝酸钠。碳酸钠和水中的硫酸镁、氯化镁、硝酸镁反应，生成碳酸镁沉淀及硫酸钠、氯化钠、硝酸钠。由于在换热过程中，碳酸氢钙、碳酸氢镁分解产生碳酸钙沉淀、碳酸镁沉淀即水垢，会结在立式换热器换热面上，严重影响换热效率。
Ca(HCO
3)
2 = CaCO
3↓ +CO
2↑ +H
2O。
Mg(HCO
3)
2= MgCO
3+H
2O+
CO
2↑ 。
碳酸钠和水中的硫酸钙、氯化钙、硝酸钙等盐类产生化学反应，生成碳酸钙沉淀及硫酸钠、氯化钠、硝酸钠。
Na
2CO
3+CaSO
4= CaCO
3↓+ Na
2SO
4。
Na
2CO
3+CaCl
2= CaCO
3↓+2NaCl。
Na
2CO
3+Ca(NO
3)
2= CaCO
3↓+2NaNO
3。
碳酸钠和水中的硫酸镁、氯化镁、硝酸镁反应，生成碳酸镁沉淀及硫酸钠、氯化钠、硝酸钠。
MgSO
4+Na
2CO
3= MgCO
3↓+Na
2SO
4。
MgCl
2 + Na
2CO
3 = MgCO
3↓ + 2NaCl。
Mg(NO
3)
2+Na
2CO
3=MgCO
3↓+2NaNO
3。
为了解决立式换热器换热面结垢的问题，则在原水中加入了沙砾磨料，使水中的沙砾磨料和立式换热器管壁上的水垢产生磨擦，从而将水垢磨下。磨下的水垢作为晶核，可使碳酸氢钙、碳酸氢镁受热分解生成的碳酸钙、碳酸镁迅速结晶长大，析出碳酸钙、碳酸镁悬浮物，与沙砾磨料共同作用于换热管壁的水垢之上，使之通过沙砾磨料与管壁磨擦将管壁上的水垢磨下，保持管壁的清洁。
整个系统的工作压力为初始给水泵所提供，水泵施加压力的大小，其压力必须大于等于对应的水沸腾温度压力。整个系统为承压系统，水经过滤器之后，实现系统压力的部分消减，整个装置的压力，通过末端所设阀门控制。对原水进行排气，除去原水中的二氧化碳气体，出水排气装置，设于末端阀门之后。
多级换热器为立式排列设置，每一组立式换热器的顶部，均设有至少一根从顶部下连的升温水下引管，和均设有至少一根端头上连的降温水上引管。上一级立式换热器升温水下引管的管口，与下一级立式换热器加热升温水上引管的进水管口连接，上一级立式换热器端头上连的降温水上引管的管口，与下一级立式换热器放热降温水下引管的进水管口连接，以此类推形成冷水加热上升，到顶部下引，再与下一级换热器的冷水加热上升连接的串联管路。之后，通过末级加热器，将水加热到110℃～125℃，并保持3～10分钟。而放热的热水从顶部放热输出，到端头向上接出管与顶部的热水连接的热水放热下降管簇，每一组换热管簇温度端差设定温升在6～35℃左右运行，形成冷热水之间的逆流换热。
立式换热器中的换热管为玻璃管，玻璃管或为高硼硅材质玻璃管。换热管或为金属管，金属管或为不锈钢管，或为钛管，或为铜管，或为铝管或铝合金管。
多级立式换热器加热侧的原水，通过逐级加热升温，实现原水从进水自然初始温度，通过多级立式换热器和末级加热器加热，直到加热到原水所需设定温度。由于末级加热是为了弥补立式换热器两侧所需6～35℃左右的传热温差，因此，弥补水的换热温差所需热量极少。之后，将热水通过立式换热器冷却侧，从110℃～125℃降温冷却至适当设定温度。由于升温的冷水从立式换热器端头输入，降温的热水从立式换热器端头输出 ，立式换热器使进水温度上升，水密度变小，形成自然上升循环动力，水温度下降，则水密度变大，形成自然下降水循环动力，形成降温水逐级下降的循环通路。
受热原水中的碳酸氢钙、碳酸氢镁受热产生分解反应，生成碳酸钙沉淀，碳酸镁沉淀、二氧化碳和水。受热并产生化学分解反应的原水，通过立式换热器进行降温。之后，通过沙砾磨料水垢分离沉淀器，将磨擦沙砾磨料和水垢沉淀分离。由于沙砾磨料比重大，率先沉淀析出，沉淀的沙砾磨料再通过管道喷射混合器或水泵，注入到需加热的冷水中，使沙砾磨料构成循环，水垢则后续沉淀析出。与水垢分离澄清之后的水，输入到过滤装置中，使水过滤净化，过滤净化的水，除去了水中的钙镁沉淀并通过过滤器过滤，除去原水中的碳酸钙和碳酸镁沉淀，沉淀过滤之后的原水，消除水中的暂硬和永硬，使水得以软化。并对原水通过除气器进行排气，除去水中的二氧化碳气体，并使原水成为白开水。原水加热除硬装置的换热器、末级加热器、管道和阀门的外壁均设有保温层。
一种原水加热除硬水处理装置，包括原水预处理装置、供水装置、换热装置、末级加热装置、分离沉淀装置、过滤装置、排气装置。其特征是：原水预处理装置包括粗滤、活性炭过滤。经预处理装置处理的原水，通过水泵加压泵出，经喷射器混合沙砾磨料，或原水混合沙砾磨料后通过水泵，以设定流速，输入到多级卧式换热器的加热侧。将原水从自然初始温度，加热到设定温度，之后，通过末级加热器，将水加热到110℃～125℃，并保持3～10分钟。这使原水中的碳酸氢钙、碳酸氢镁受热产生分解反应，生成碳酸钙沉淀，碳酸镁沉淀和碳酸。碳酸钠和水中的硫酸钙、氯化钙、硝酸钙等盐类产生化学反应，生成碳酸钙沉淀及硫酸钠、氯化钠、硝酸钠。碳酸钠和水中的硫酸镁、氯化镁、硝酸镁反应，生成碳酸镁沉淀及硫酸钠、氯化钠、硝酸钠。由于在换热过程中，碳酸氢钙、碳酸氢镁分解产生碳酸钙沉淀、碳酸镁沉淀即水垢，会结在卧式换热器换热面上，严重影响换热效率。
Ca(HCO
3)
2 = CaCO
3↓ +CO
2↑ +H
2O。
Mg(HCO
3)
2= MgCO
3+H
2O+
CO
2↑ 。
碳酸钠和水中的硫酸钙、氯化钙、硝酸钙等盐类产生化学反应，生成碳酸钙沉淀及硫酸钠、氯化钠、硝酸钠。
Na
2CO
3+CaSO
4= CaCO
3↓+ Na
2SO
4。
Na
2CO
3+CaCl
2= CaCO
3↓+2NaCl。
Na
2CO
3+Ca(NO
3)
2= CaCO
3↓+2NaNO
3。
碳酸钠和水中的硫酸镁、氯化镁、硝酸镁反应，生成碳酸镁沉淀及硫酸钠、氯化钠、硝酸钠。
MgSO
4+Na
2CO
3= MgCO
3↓+Na
2SO
4。
MgCl
2 + Na
2CO
3 = MgCO
3↓ + 2NaCl。
Mg(NO
3)
2+Na
2CO
3=MgCO
3↓+2NaNO
3。
为了解决卧式换热器换热面结垢的问题，则在原水中加入了沙砾磨料，使水中的沙砾磨料和卧式换热器管壁上的水垢产生磨擦，从而将水垢磨下。磨下的水垢作为晶核，可使碳酸氢钙、碳酸氢镁受热分解生成的碳酸钙、碳酸镁迅速结晶长大，析出碳酸钙、碳酸镁悬浮物，与沙砾磨料共同作用于换热管壁的水垢之上，使之通过沙砾磨料与管壁磨擦将管壁上的水垢磨下，保持管壁的清洁。
整个系统的工作压力为初始给水泵所提供，水泵施加压力的大小，其压力必须大于等于对应的水沸腾温度压力。整个系统为承压系统，水经过滤器之后，实现系统压力的部分消减，整个装置的压力，通过末端所设阀门控制。对原水进行排气，除去原水中的二氧化碳气体，出水排气装置，设于末端阀门之后。
多级换热器为卧式管壳换热器，或为管管套装卧式换热器，通过上下叠摞排列布置，或是横卧层状排列布置。
多级换热器为卧式排列设置，每一级卧式换热器的端头，设有至少一根从端头顺联下一级升温水的串接管，和设有至少一根端头侧部顺联下一级降温水的串接管。上一级卧式换热器升温水顺联下一级升温水的串接管的管口，与下一级卧式换热器加热升温水顺联下一级升温水的串接管进水管口连接，上一级卧式换热器端头顺联下一级升温水的串接管管口，与下一级卧式换热器放热降温水顺联下一级降温水的串接管进水管口连接，以此类推形成冷水换热器，再与下一级换热器的冷水换热器连接的串联管路。之后，通过末级加热器，将水加热到110℃～125℃，并保持3～10分钟。而放热的热水从端头放热输出，每一组换热管簇温度端差设定温升在6～35℃左右运行，形成冷热水之间的逆流换热。
卧式换热器中的换热管为玻璃管，玻璃管或为高硼硅材质玻璃管。换热管或为金属管，金属管或为不锈钢管，或为钛管，或为铜管，或为铝管或铝合金管。
多级卧式换热器加热侧的原水，通过逐级加热升温，实现原水从进水自然初始温度，通过多级卧式换热器和末级加热器加热，直到加热到原水所需设定温度。由于末级加热是为了弥补卧式换热器两侧所需6～35℃左右的传热温差，因此，弥补水的换热温差所需热量极少。之后，将热水通过卧式换热器冷却侧，从110℃～125℃降温冷却至适当设定温度。由于升温的冷水从卧式换热器端头侧输入，降温的热水从卧式换热器端头侧输出 。
受热原水中的碳酸氢钙、碳酸氢镁因受热会产生分解反应，生成碳酸钙沉淀，碳酸镁沉淀、二氧化碳和水。受热并产生化学分解反应的原水，通过卧式换热器进行降温。之后，通过沙砾磨料水垢分离沉淀器，将磨擦沙砾磨料和水垢沉淀分离。由于沙砾磨料比重大，率先沉淀析出，沉淀的沙砾磨料再通过管道喷射混合器或水泵，注入到需加热的冷水中，使沙砾磨料构成循环，水垢则后续沉淀析出。与水垢分离澄清之后的水，输入到过滤装置中，使水过滤净化，过滤净化的水，除去了水中的钙镁沉淀并通过过滤器过滤，除去原水中的碳酸钙和碳酸镁沉淀，沉淀过滤之后的原水，消除水中的暂硬和永硬，使水得以软化。并对原水通过除气器进行排气，除去水中的二氧化碳气体，并使原水成为白开水。原水加热除硬装置的换热器、末级加热器、管道和阀门的外壁均设有保温层。
一种原水加热除硬水处理装置，其末级加热器的热源为设于末级加热器底部的水蒸汽加热器直接将水蒸汽注入水中直接加热。使被加热水的温度达到110度至125度，并保持3-10分钟。
一种原水加热除硬水处理装置，其末级加热器的热源为设于末级加热器底部的包括水蒸汽换热器加热、电加热器加热、电极加热器加热、燃气加热器加热、太阳能热水器加热、微波加热器加热。使其温度达到110度至125度，并保持3-10分钟。
一种原水加热除硬水处理装置，其沙砾磨料包括石英砂、金刚砂、刚玉。
一种原水加热除硬水处理装置，其沙砾磨料水喷射混合器为原水喷射，抽吸沙砾磨料水浆混合物。
一种原水加热除硬水处理装置，其沙砾磨料与原水通过搅拌器搅拌后，经水泵泵出，进入原水加热除硬装置。
一种原水加热除硬水处理装置，其沙砾磨料水垢分离沉淀过滤器为三段式结构，第一段为沙砾磨料沉淀段，第二段为水垢沉淀段，水垢沉淀段上部设有斜板，第三段为水过滤段。沙砾磨料沉淀以混合水浆的形式，通过管道阀门与喷射混合器连接。
一种原水加热除硬水处理装置，其沙砾磨料水垢分离沉淀过滤器为三段式结构，第一段为沙砾磨料沉淀段，第二段为水垢沉淀段，水垢沉淀段上部设有斜板，第三段为水过滤段。沙砾磨料沉淀以混合水浆的形式通过管道阀门与设有搅拌器的原水箱连接，经水泵泵出，进入原水加热除硬装置。
一种原水加热除硬水处理装置，其立式换热器、卧式换热器的换热管或为铝管或铝合金管，铝管或铝合金管会与水中的氧发生化学反应，生成坚硬的氧化铝膜层，此膜层可以磨损后再次生成 ，而其换热效率高，机械性能稳定，价格适中，为立式换热器良好选项，其铝管或铝合金管可以通过挤出生产，并能使之表面制成具有内外换热翅片，增加了水的换热面积。
本发明一种原水加热除硬水处理装置，是一种纯物理除硬方法，原水利用率高，无需使用药品，节能减排，解决了换热器换热面结垢，热效率不高、能耗大，离子交换器及反渗透排放浓盐水大，造成污染环境的问题。而且尤其适合工业化大规模生产。
图1示出了本发明一种原水加热除硬水处理装置第一系统示意图。
图2示出了本发明一种原水加热除硬水处理装置第二系统示意图。
图3示出了本发明一种原水加热除硬水处理装置第三系统示意图。
图4示出了本发明一种原水加热除硬水处理装置第四系统示意图。
图中：1换热器、2原水下降管、3原水上升管、4原水蒸汽加热器、5冷却原水排出管、6原水输入管、7沙砾磨料沉淀池、8沙砾磨料原水混合器、9喷射水泵、10斜板、11活性炭过滤器、12水垢沉淀池、13水垢泥浆泵、14多介质过滤器、15水垢泥浆管、16白开水过滤器、17原水泵、18中间水箱、19原水箱、20原水给水管、21白开水出水管、22白开水泵、23脱碳风机、24水蒸汽加热器供汽管、25白开水原水管、26水沙混合器、27水沙混合水箱。
具体实施方式。
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动性的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
实施例1：如图1所示。
原水通过阀门F6和原水给水管20进入原水箱19，原水箱19中的原水通过阀门F7、原水泵17和阀门F8进入到多介质过滤器14，经过到多介质过滤器14过滤的原水通过阀门F9进入到活性炭过滤器11，经过活性炭过滤器11过滤后的原水通过阀门F10、加压水泵9、阀门F11、进入原水沙砾磨料喷射混合器8，经过原水沙砾磨料喷射混合器8的出水，通过管道6进入立式换热器1。
原水被加热升温上升，到换热器顶端后，沿原水下降管2进入到下一级换热器继续加热，直到进入原水蒸汽加热器4，水蒸汽加热器供汽管24通过阀门F1加热原水蒸汽加热器4中的原水，将水加热到设定温度，并保持3分钟后沿排水上升管3排出，进入换热器1放热侧放热下降，再通过排水上升管3进入下一级换热器1放热下降，直到通过冷却白开水排出管5进入到沙砾磨料沉淀池7中。
混有沙砾磨料的白开水进入沉淀池7中，白开水中的沙砾磨料沉淀析出后，通过阀门F5进入原水沙砾磨料喷射混合器8中混合，实现循环。沉淀析出沙砾磨料的白开水进入水通过斜板10进入到水垢沉淀池12，水垢泥浆通过阀门F4、水垢泥浆泵13和水垢泥浆管14排出；水垢沉淀池12中的水进入到白开水过滤器16中经过过滤后，通过阀门F2和白开水原水管25进入脱碳器23脱碳，脱碳后的白开水进入到中间水箱18中，白开水通过阀门F3、白开水泵22和白开水出水管21供出。
实施例2：如图2所示。
原水通过原水给水管20和阀门F6进入原水箱19，原水箱19中的原水通过阀门F7、原水泵17和阀门F8进入到多介质过滤器14，经过到多介质过滤器14过滤的原水通过阀门F9进入到活性炭过滤器11，经过活性炭过滤器11过滤后的原水通过阀门F10进入到水沙混合水箱27，水沙混合水箱27中设有水沙混合器26，水沙混合器26对水箱中的水进行搅拌混合后，通过阀门F11、喷射水泵和阀门F12进入到换热器1，作为立式换热器1的补水。
原水被加热升温上升，到立式换热器顶端后，沿原水下降管2进入到下一级换热器继续加热，直到进入原水蒸汽加热器4，水蒸汽加热器供汽管24通过阀门F1加热原水蒸汽加热器4中的原水，将水加热到设定温度，并保持3分钟后沿排水上升管3排出，进入换热器1放热侧放热下降，再通过排水上升管3进入下一级换热器1放热下降，直到通过冷却白开水排出管5进入到沙砾磨料沉淀池7中。
混有沙砾磨料的白开水进入沉淀池7中，白开水中的沙砾磨料沉淀析出后，经过活性炭过滤器11过滤后的原水通过阀门F10进入到水沙混合水箱27，水沙混合水箱27中设有水沙混合器26，水沙混合器26对水箱中的水进行搅拌混合后，通过阀门F11、喷射水泵和阀门F12进入到换热器1，实现循环。沉淀析出沙砾磨料的白开水进入水通过斜板10进入到水垢沉淀池12，水垢泥浆通过阀门F4、水垢泥浆泵13和水垢泥浆管14排出。水垢沉淀池12中的水进入到白开水过滤器16中经过过滤后，通过阀门F2和白开水原水管25进入脱碳器23脱碳，脱碳后的白开水进入到中间水箱18中，白开水通过阀门F3、白开水泵22和白开水出水管21供出。
实施例3：如图3所示。
其换热器为卧式换热器，连接管道为顺流串联管道，其它等同于图1。
实施例4：如图4所示。
其换热器为卧式换热器，连接管道为顺流串联管道，其它等同于图2。
Claims (10)
- 一种原水加热除硬水处理装置，包括原水预处理装置、供水装置、换热装置、末级加热装置、分离沉淀装置、过滤装置、排气装置，其特征是；原水预处理装置包括粗滤、活性炭过滤；经预处理装置处理的原水，通过水泵加压泵出，经喷射器混合沙砾磨料，或原水混合沙砾磨料后通过水泵，以设定流速，输入到多级立式换热器的加热侧；将原水从自然初始温度，加热到设定温度，之后，通过末级加热器，将水加热到110℃～125℃，并保持3～10分钟；这使原水中的碳酸氢钙、碳酸氢镁受热产生分解反应，生成碳酸钙沉淀，碳酸镁沉淀和碳酸；碳酸钠和水中的硫酸钙、氯化钙、硝酸钙等盐类产生化学反应，生成碳酸钙沉淀及硫酸钠、氯化钠、硝酸钠；碳酸钠和水中的硫酸镁、氯化镁、硝酸镁反应，生成碳酸镁沉淀及硫酸钠、氯化钠、硝酸钠；由于在换热过程中，碳酸氢钙、碳酸氢镁分解产生碳酸钙沉淀、碳酸镁沉淀即水垢，会结在立式换热器换热面上，严重影响换热效率；Ca(HCO 3) 2 = CaCO 3↓ +CO 2↑ +H 2OMg(HCO 3) 2= MgCO 3+H 2O+ CO 2↑碳酸钠和水中的硫酸钙、氯化钙、硝酸钙等盐类产生化学反应，生成碳酸钙沉淀及硫酸钠、氯化钠、硝酸钠；Na 2CO 3+CaSO 4= CaCO 3↓+ Na 2SO 4Na 2CO 3+CaCl 2= CaCO 3↓+2NaClNa 2CO 3+Ca(NO 3) 2= CaCO 3↓+2NaNO 3碳酸钠和水中的硫酸镁、氯化镁、硝酸镁反应，生成碳酸镁沉淀及硫酸钠、氯化钠、硝酸钠；MgSO 4+Na 2CO 3= MgCO 3↓+Na 2SO 4MgCl 2 + Na 2CO 3 = MgCO 3↓ + 2NaClMg(NO 3) 2+Na 2CO 3=MgCO 3↓+2NaNO 3为了解决立式换热器换热面结垢的问题，则在原水中加入了沙砾磨料，使水中的沙砾磨料和立式换热器管壁上的水垢产生磨擦，从而将水垢磨下；磨下的水垢作为晶核，可使碳酸氢钙、碳酸氢镁受热分解生成的碳酸钙、碳酸镁迅速结晶长大，析出碳酸钙、碳酸镁悬浮物，与沙砾磨料共同作用于换热管壁的水垢之上，使之通过沙砾磨料与管壁磨擦将管壁上的水垢磨下，保持管壁的清洁；整个系统的工作压力为初始给水泵所提供，水泵施加压力的大小，其压力必须大于等于对应的水沸腾温度压力；整个系统为承压系统，水经过滤器之后，实现系统压力的部分消减，整个装置的压力，通过末端所设阀门控制；对原水进行排气，除去原水中的二氧化碳气体，出水排气装置，设于末端阀门之后；多级换热器为立式排列设置，每一组立式换热器的顶部，均设有至少一根从顶部下连的升温水下引管，和均设有至少一根端头上连的降温水上引管；上一级立式换热器升温水下引管的管口，与下一级立式换热器加热升温水上引管的进水管口连接，上一级立式换热器端头上连的降温水上引管的管口，与下一级立式换热器放热降温水下引管的进水管口连接，以此类推形成冷水加热上升，到顶部下引，再与下一级换热器的冷水加热上升连接的串联管路；之后，通过末级加热器，将水加热到110℃～125℃，并保持3～10分钟；而放热的热水从顶部放热输出，到端头向上接出管与顶部的热水连接的热水放热下降管簇，每一组换热管簇温度端差设定温升在6～35℃左右运行，形成冷热水之间的逆流换热；立式换热器中的换热管为玻璃管，玻璃管或为高硼硅材质玻璃管；换热管或为金属管，金属管或为不锈钢管，或为钛管，或为铜管，或为铝管或铝合金管；多级立式换热器加热侧的原水，通过逐级加热升温，实现原水从进水自然初始温度，通过多级立式换热器和末级加热器加热，直到加热到原水所需设定温度；由于末级加热是为了弥补立式换热器两侧所需6～35℃左右的传热温差，因此，弥补水的换热温差所需热量极少；之后，将热水通过立式换热器冷却侧，从110℃～125℃降温冷却至适当设定温度；由于升温的冷水从立式换热器端头输入，降温的热水从立式换热器端头输出 ，立式换热器使进水温度上升，水密度变小，形成自然上升循环动力，水温度下降，则水密度变大，形成自然下降水循环动力，形成降温水逐级下降的循环通路；受热原水中的碳酸氢钙、碳酸氢镁受热产生分解反应，生成碳酸钙沉淀，碳酸镁沉淀、二氧化碳和水；受热并产生化学分解反应的原水，通过立式换热器进行降温；之后，通过沙砾磨料水垢分离沉淀器，将磨擦沙砾磨料和水垢沉淀分离；由于沙砾磨料比重大，率先沉淀析出，沉淀的沙砾磨料再通过管道喷射混合器或水泵，注入到需加热的冷水中，使沙砾磨料构成循环，水垢则后续沉淀析出；与水垢分离澄清之后的水，输入到过滤装置中，使水过滤净化，过滤净化的水，除去了水中的钙镁沉淀并通过过滤器过滤，除去原水中的碳酸钙和碳酸镁沉淀，沉淀过滤之后的原水，消除水中的暂硬和永硬，使水得以软化；并对原水通过除气器进行排气，除去水中的二氧化碳气体，并使原水成为白开水；原水加热除硬装置的换热器、末级加热器、管道和阀门的外壁均设有保温层。
- 一种原水加热除硬水处理装置，包括原水预处理装置、供水装置、换热装置、末级加热装置、分离沉淀装置、过滤装置、排气装置，其特征是；原水预处理装置包括粗滤、活性炭过滤；经预处理装置处理的原水，通过水泵加压泵出，经喷射器混合沙砾磨料，或原水混合沙砾磨料后通过水泵，以设定流速，输入到多级卧式换热器的加热侧；将原水从自然初始温度，加热到设定温度，之后，通过末级加热器，将水加热到110℃～125℃，并保持3～10分钟；这使原水中的碳酸氢钙、碳酸氢镁受热产生分解反应，生成碳酸钙沉淀，碳酸镁沉淀和碳酸；碳酸钠和水中的硫酸钙、氯化钙、硝酸钙等盐类产生化学反应，生成碳酸钙沉淀及硫酸钠、氯化钠、硝酸钠；碳酸钠和水中的硫酸镁、氯化镁、硝酸镁反应，生成碳酸镁沉淀及硫酸钠、氯化钠、硝酸钠；由于在换热过程中，碳酸氢钙、碳酸氢镁分解产生碳酸钙沉淀、碳酸镁沉淀即水垢，会结在卧式换热器换热面上，严重影响换热效率；Ca(HCO 3) 2 = CaCO 3↓ +CO 2↑ +H 2OMg(HCO 3) 2= MgCO 3+H 2O+ CO 2↑碳酸钠和水中的硫酸钙、氯化钙、硝酸钙等盐类产生化学反应，生成碳酸钙沉淀及硫酸钠、氯化钠、硝酸钠；Na 2CO 3+CaSO 4= CaCO 3↓+ Na 2SO 4Na 2CO 3+CaCl 2= CaCO 3↓+2NaClNa 2CO 3+Ca(NO 3) 2= CaCO 3↓+2NaNO 3碳酸钠和水中的硫酸镁、氯化镁、硝酸镁反应，生成碳酸镁沉淀及硫酸钠、氯化钠、硝酸钠；MgSO 4+Na 2CO 3= MgCO 3↓+Na 2SO 4MgCl 2 + Na 2CO 3 = MgCO 3↓ + 2NaClMg(NO 3) 2+Na 2CO 3=MgCO 3↓+2NaNO 3为了解决卧式换热器换热面结垢的问题，则在原水中加入了沙砾磨料，使水中的沙砾磨料和卧式换热器管壁上的水垢产生磨擦，从而将水垢磨下；磨下的水垢作为晶核，可使碳酸氢钙、碳酸氢镁受热分解生成的碳酸钙、碳酸镁迅速结晶长大，析出碳酸钙、碳酸镁悬浮物，与沙砾磨料共同作用于换热管壁的水垢之上，使之通过沙砾磨料与管壁磨擦将管壁上的水垢磨下，保持管壁的清洁；整个系统的工作压力为初始给水泵所提供，水泵施加压力的大小，其压力必须大于等于对应的水沸腾温度压力；整个系统为承压系统，水经过滤器之后，实现系统压力的部分消减，整个装置的压力，通过末端所设阀门控制；对原水进行排气，除去原水中的二氧化碳气体，出水排气装置，设于末端阀门之后；多级换热器为卧式管壳换热器，或为管管套装卧式换热器，通过上下叠摞排列布置，或是横卧层状排列布置；多级换热器为卧式排列设置，每一级卧式换热器的端头，设有至少一根从端头顺联下一级升温水的串接管，和设有至少一根端头侧部顺联下一级降温水的串接管；上一级卧式换热器升温水顺联下一级升温水的串接管的管口，与下一级卧式换热器加热升温水顺联下一级升温水的串接管进水管口连接，上一级卧式换热器端头顺联下一级升温水的串接管管口，与下一级卧式换热器放热降温水顺联下一级降温水的串接管进水管口连接，以此类推形成冷水换热器，再与下一级换热器的冷水换热器连接的串联管路；之后，通过末级加热器，将水加热到110℃～125℃，并保持3～10分钟；而放热的热水从端头放热输出，每一组换热管簇温度端差设定温升在6～35℃左右运行，形成冷热水之间的逆流换热；卧式换热器中的换热管为玻璃管，玻璃管或为高硼硅材质玻璃管；换热管或为金属管，金属管或为不锈钢管，或为钛管，或为铜管，或为铝管或铝合金管；多级卧式换热器加热侧的原水，通过逐级加热升温，实现原水从进水自然初始温度，通过多级卧式换热器和末级加热器加热，直到加热到原水所需设定温度；由于末级加热是为了弥补卧式换热器两侧所需6～35℃左右的传热温差，因此，弥补水的换热温差所需热量极少；之后，将热水通过卧式换热器冷却侧，从110℃～125℃降温冷却至适当设定温度；由于升温的冷水从卧式换热器端头侧输入，降温的热水从卧式换热器端头侧输出 ；受热原水中的碳酸氢钙、碳酸氢镁因受热会产生分解反应，生成碳酸钙沉淀，碳酸镁沉淀、二氧化碳和水；受热并产生化学分解反应的原水，通过卧式换热器进行降温；之后，通过沙砾磨料水垢分离沉淀器，将磨擦沙砾磨料和水垢沉淀分离；由于沙砾磨料比重大，率先沉淀析出，沉淀的沙砾磨料再通过管道喷射混合器或水泵，注入到需加热的冷水中，使沙砾磨料构成循环，水垢则后续沉淀析出；与水垢分离澄清之后的水，输入到过滤装置中，使水过滤净化，过滤净化的水，除去了水中的钙镁沉淀并通过过滤器过滤，除去原水中的碳酸钙和碳酸镁沉淀，沉淀过滤之后的原水，消除水中的暂硬和永硬，使水得以软化；并对原水通过除气器进行排气，除去水中的二氧化碳气体，并使原水成为白开水；原水加热除硬装置的换热器、末级加热器、管道和阀门的外壁均设有保温层。
- 根据权利要求1或2所述的一种原水加热除硬水处理装置，其特征是：末级加热器的热源为设于末级加热器底部的水蒸汽加热器直接将水蒸汽注入水中直接加热；使被加热水的温度达到110℃~125℃，并保持3-10分钟。
- 根据权利要求1或2所述的一种原水加热除硬水处理装置，其特征是：末级加热器的热源为设于末级加热器底部的包括水蒸汽换热器加热、电加热器加热、电极加热器加热、燃气加热器加热、太阳能热水器加热、微波加热器加热；使其温度达到110℃~125℃，并保持3-10分钟。
- 根据权利要求1或2所述的一种原水加热除硬水处理装置，其特征是：沙砾磨料包括石英砂、金刚砂、刚玉。
- 根据权利要求1或2所述的一种原水加热除硬水处理装置，其特征是：沙砾磨料水喷射混合器为原水喷射，抽吸沙砾磨料水浆混合物。
- 根据权利要求1或2所述的一种原水加热除硬水处理装置，其特征是：沙砾磨料与原水通过搅拌器搅拌后，经水泵泵出，进入原水加热除硬装置。
- 根据权利要求1或2所述的一种原水加热除硬水处理装置，其特征是：沙砾磨料水垢分离沉淀过滤器为三段式结构，第一段为沙砾磨料沉淀段，第二段为水垢沉淀段，水垢沉淀段上部设有斜板，第三段为水过滤段；沙砾磨料沉淀以混合水浆的形式，通过管道阀门与喷射混合器连接。
- 根据权利要求1或2所述的一种原水加热除硬水处理装置，其特征是：沙砾磨料水垢分离沉淀过滤器为三段式结构，第一段为沙砾磨料沉淀段，第二段为水垢沉淀段，水垢沉淀段上部设有斜板，第三段为水过滤段；沙砾磨料沉淀以混合水浆的形式通过管道阀门与设有搅拌器的原水箱连接，经水泵泵出，进入原水加热除硬装置。
- 根据权利要求1或2所述的一种原水加热除硬水处理装置，其特征是：立式换热器、卧式换热器的换热管或为铝管或铝合金管，铝管或铝合金管会与水中的氧发生化学反应，生成坚硬的氧化铝膜层，此膜层可以磨损后再次生成 ，而其换热效率高，机械性能稳定，价格适中，为立式换热器良好选项，其铝管或铝合金管可以通过挤出生产，并能使之表面制成具有内外换热翅片，增加了水的换热面积。
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