WO2022118774A1 - ノンアルコールビールテイスト飲料 - Google Patents
ノンアルコールビールテイスト飲料 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022118774A1 WO2022118774A1 PCT/JP2021/043534 JP2021043534W WO2022118774A1 WO 2022118774 A1 WO2022118774 A1 WO 2022118774A1 JP 2021043534 W JP2021043534 W JP 2021043534W WO 2022118774 A1 WO2022118774 A1 WO 2022118774A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- beer
- beverage
- taste
- taste beverage
- alcoholic beer
- Prior art date
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- 235000013361 beverage Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 193
- 230000001476 alcoholic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 90
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- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 38
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N Dextrotartaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- 235000013405 beer Nutrition 0.000 claims description 24
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A23L2/40—Effervescence-generating compositions
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L2/00—Non-alcoholic beverages; Dry compositions or concentrates therefor; Their preparation
- A23L2/52—Adding ingredients
- A23L2/54—Mixing with gases
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L2/00—Non-alcoholic beverages; Dry compositions or concentrates therefor; Their preparation
- A23L2/52—Adding ingredients
- A23L2/56—Flavouring or bittering agents
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L29/00—Foods or foodstuffs containing additives; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L29/03—Organic compounds
- A23L29/045—Organic compounds containing nitrogen as heteroatom
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12C—BEER; PREPARATION OF BEER BY FERMENTATION; PREPARATION OF MALT FOR MAKING BEER; PREPARATION OF HOPS FOR MAKING BEER
- C12C5/00—Other raw materials for the preparation of beer
- C12C5/02—Additives for beer
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12G—WINE; PREPARATION THEREOF; ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES; PREPARATION OF ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES NOT PROVIDED FOR IN SUBCLASSES C12C OR C12H
- C12G3/00—Preparation of other alcoholic beverages
- C12G3/04—Preparation of other alcoholic beverages by mixing, e.g. for preparation of liqueurs
- C12G3/06—Preparation of other alcoholic beverages by mixing, e.g. for preparation of liqueurs with flavouring ingredients
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2002/00—Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2250/00—Food ingredients
- A23V2250/02—Acid
- A23V2250/056—Tartaric acid
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a non-alcoholic beer-taste beverage.
- Patent Document 1 describes a method for producing a non-alcoholic fermented beverage, which can reduce the concentration of produced alcohol by about 40 to 55% as compared with the conventional method by adding ⁇ -glucosidase before the fermentation step in beer production. The technology related to is disclosed.
- Non-alcoholic beer-taste beverages produced by the method described in Patent Document 1 often have insufficient aftertaste that is typical of beer-taste beverages, as compared with ordinary beer. Therefore, there is a demand for non-alcoholic beer-taste beverages with improved aftertaste. Further, there is a demand for non-alcoholic beer-taste beverages that not only improve the sharpness of the aftertaste but also have a beer-taste beverage-like taste and do not have an unsuitable aftertaste of astringency.
- the present invention contains 2,3-diethyl-5-methylpyrazine, and the content (Y) of 2,3-diethyl-5-methylpyrazine is 80% by mass or less based on the total amount of non-alcoholic beer-taste beverages.
- the present invention includes the following aspects of the invention. [1] Non-alcoholic beer containing 2,3-diethyl-5-methylpyrazine and having a content (Y) of 2,3-diethyl-5-methylpyrazine of 80% by mass or less based on the total amount of non-alcoholic beer-taste beverages. taste beer. [2] The non-alcoholic beer-taste beverage according to [1], further containing tartaric acid.
- a suitable non-alcoholic beer-taste beverage of the present invention can be a beverage having a good aftertaste and a well-balanced drinkability. Further, the non-alcoholic beer-taste beverage according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention can be a beverage having no astringency with an unsuitable aftertaste.
- non-alcoholic beer-taste beverage belongs to "alcoholic beverages” defined by the Liquor Tax Law and the liquor administration-related laws and regulations interpretation notification dated April 1, 2018. It means a carbonated drink with a beer-like flavor.
- the alcohol content of the non-alcoholic beer-taste beverage of one aspect of the present invention may be less than 1 (v / v%), preferably less than 0.5 (v / v)%, more preferably 0.1. It is less than (v / v)%, more preferably less than 0.01 (v / v)%, even more preferably less than 0.005 (v / v)%.
- the alcohol content is expressed as a volume / volume-based percentage (v / v%).
- the alcohol content of the beverage can be measured by any known method, for example, by gas chromatography.
- the non-alcoholic beer-taste beverage is a fermented beer obtained by removing alcohol generated in the fermentation step after undergoing a fermentation step using yeast (top-fermenting yeast or bottom-fermenting yeast) in the manufacturing step. It may be a taste beverage.
- the fermented beer-taste beverage may be a top-fermented beer-taste beverage brewed through a fermentation process using top-fermented yeast, or a bottom-fermented beer brewed through a fermentation process using bottom-fermented yeast. It may be a taste beverage.
- Alcohol-producing yeast (Saccharomyces) or wild yeast (Brettanomyces, etc.) may be used for fermentation, or alcohol-free yeast (Saccharomyces, etc.), wild yeast (Brettanomyces, etc.), lactic acid fermentation or gluconic acid fermentation is performed. Bacteria and the like may be used. Further, it may be a fermented beverage obtained by stopping fermentation so that the alcohol content is less than 1 (v / v%). Further, a fermented beverage diluted with water or the like so that the alcohol content is less than 1 (v / v%) may be used.
- the non-alcoholic beer-taste beverage according to one aspect of the present invention may be a non-fermented beverage prepared without undergoing such a fermentation step.
- non-alcoholic beer-taste beverage of one aspect of the present invention is a non-fermented beverage
- esters, higher alcohols and lactones eg, isoamyl acetate, ethyl acetate, n-propanol, isobutanol
- lactones eg, isoamyl acetate, ethyl acetate, n-propanol, isobutanol
- a carbonated beverage prepared to have a beer flavor by adding a beer fragrance containing (-3-pentenoic acid) or the like is also included in the non-fermented non-alcoholic beer taste beverage according to one aspect of the present invention.
- non-alcoholic beer-taste beverage may be a non-alcoholic beer-taste beverage that uses malt as a raw material, or a non-alcoholic beer-taste beverage that does not use malt.
- a non-alcoholic beer-taste beverage using malt is preferable, and a non-alcoholic beer-taste beverage using barley malt is more preferable.
- the non-alcoholic beer-taste beverage of one aspect of the present invention may contain 2,3-diethyl-5-methylpyrazine, but the content (Y) of 2,3-diethyl-5-methylpyrazine is the beer-taste beverage.
- it is preferably 0.02% by mass or more based on the total amount (100% by mass) of the non-alcoholic beer-taste beverage, more preferably.
- the content (Y) of 2,3-diethyl-5-methylpyrazine is the non-alcoholic beverage from the viewpoint of suppressing the bitterness of the aftertaste, which is unsuitable for a beer-taste beverage.
- the total amount (100% by mass) of the alcoholic beer taste beverage it is 80% by mass or less, preferably 70% by mass or less, more preferably 60% by mass or less, more preferably 50% by mass or less, still more preferably 45% by mass ppb.
- it is more preferably 40 mass ppb or less, still more preferably 35 mass ppb or less, and particularly preferably 30 mass ppb or less.
- the non-alcoholic beer-taste beverage according to one aspect of the present invention preferably further contains tartaric acid.
- tartaric acid together with 2,3-diethyl-5-methylpyrazine, it is possible to obtain a non-alcoholic beer-taste beverage with further improved sharpness of the aftertaste that is typical of beer-taste beverages.
- the content (X) of tartrate is the total amount (100) of the non-alcoholic beer-taste beverage from the viewpoint of making the beverage with a more sharp aftertaste that is typical of beer-taste beverages.
- mass% preferably 1.0 mass ppm or more, more preferably 3.0 mass ppm or more, still more preferably 5.0 mass ppm, still more preferably 7.0 mass ppm or more, and particularly preferably 10 mass ppm or more. It is ppm or more.
- the content (X) of tartrate is preferably 700% by mass based on the total amount (100% by mass) of the non-alcoholic beer-taste beverage from the viewpoint of making the beverage with a more sharp aftertaste that is typical of beer-taste beverages.
- more preferably 600 mass ppm or less more preferably 500 mass ppm or less, more preferably 450 mass ppm or less, still more preferably 400 mass ppm or less, still more preferably 350 mass ppm or less, still more preferably 300 mass ppm or less.
- [(X) / (Y)] is a beverage that has a sharp aftertaste that is typical of beer-taste beverages and that has a beer-taste beverage-like aftertaste that suppresses the bitterness of the aftertaste that is unsuitable for beer-taste beverages. More preferably 0.05 or more, more preferably 0.1 or more, still more preferably 0.15 or more, still more preferably 0.2 or more, still more preferably 0.25 or more, particularly preferably 0.3 or more, more.
- it is 0.33 or more, and further, 0.5 or more, 0.7 or more, 1.0 or more, 2.0 or more, 3.0 or more, 4.0 or more, 5.0 or more, 6.0.
- the above may be 7.0 or more, 8.0 or more, 9.0 or more, 10.0 or more, 15.0 or more, or 20.0 or more, preferably 700 or less, more preferably 650 or less, and further. It is preferably 600 or less, more preferably 550 or less, particularly preferably 500 or less, still more preferably 400 or less, and further, 350 or less, 300 or less, 250 or less, 200 or less.
- the tartaric acid content (X) of the beer-taste beverage can be measured by, for example, high performance liquid chromatography.
- the content (Y) of 2,3-diethyl-5-methylpyrazine in a beer-taste beverage can be measured by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC / MS).
- GC / MS gas chromatography-mass spectrometry
- the pH of the non-alcoholic beer-taste beverage according to one aspect of the present invention is not particularly limited, but is preferably less than 4.0, more preferably 3.9 or less, still more preferably 3.8 or less, and particularly preferably 3. It is 0.7 or less. Further, from the viewpoint of suppressing the generation of microorganisms and improving the flavor, the pH of the non-alcoholic beer-taste beverage according to one aspect of the present invention is preferably 2.0 or more, more preferably 2.2 or more, and more. It is more preferably 2.3 or more, still more preferably 2.5 or more, still more preferably 2.7 or more, and particularly preferably 3.0 or more.
- the pH can be adjusted by adding diluted water or carbonated water, the type of raw material (fermentation, corn glitz, sugar solution, etc.), the amount of raw material, the type of enzyme, the amount of enzyme added, the timing of enzyme addition, and the saccharification time in the preparation tank.
- pH adjustment can be done by adding diluted water or carbonated water, adding minerals (sodium salt, potassium salt, calcium salt, magnesium salt, etc.), and minerals.
- minerals sodium salt, potassium salt, calcium salt, magnesium salt, etc.
- the pH of the carbonated beverage according to the present invention is the method described in the revised BCOJ beer analysis method (published by the Brewing Society of Japan, edited by the International Technical Committee of the Brewing Society of Japan [Analysis Committee], revised in 2013, 8.7 pH. Can be measured by.
- the total amount of the non-alcoholic beer-taste beverage according to the present invention is not particularly limited, but is preferably 1.5% by weight or less, more preferably 1. It is 1% by weight or less, more preferably 0.80% by weight or less, still more preferably less than 0.50%.
- the "total extract amount” in this specification is a revised BCOJ beer analysis method edited by the International Technical Committee of the Brewing Society of Japan (BCOJ) for degassed samples (published by the Brewing Society of Japan, revised in 2013). It means the extract value (mass%) measured according to "Beer analysis method 7.2 extract" of.
- the color of the non-alcoholic beer-taste beverage of one aspect of the present invention is not particularly limited, but may be amber or golden like ordinary beer, black like black beer, or colorless and transparent. A desired color may be added by adding a coloring agent or the like.
- the color of the beverage can be discriminated by the naked eye, but it may be defined by the total light transmittance, the chromaticity, or the like.
- the non-alcoholic beer-taste beverage according to one aspect of the present invention may be a beverage packed in a container, and examples of the container include, for example, bottles, PET bottles, cans, or barrels, but are particularly portable. Cans, bottles or PET bottles are preferred from the viewpoint of ease of use.
- the main raw material for the non-alcoholic beer-taste beverage of one aspect of the present invention may or may not be malt with water. Further, hops may be used, and in addition, preservatives, sweeteners, water-soluble dietary fibers, bitterness or bitterness-imparting agents, antioxidants, flavors, acidulants, salts and the like may be used.
- the malt refers to malt seeds such as barley, wheat, rye, oats, oats, adlay, and oats that have been germinated, dried, and rooted.
- the variety may be any.
- barley malt is preferable as the malt to be used.
- Barley malt is one of the most commonly used malts as a raw material for Japanese beer-taste beverages.
- barley such as two-row barley and six-row barley, but any of them may be used.
- colored malt and the like can also be used. When using colored malt, different types of colored malt may be used in appropriate combinations, or one type of colored malt may be used.
- a grain other than malt together with malt.
- Such grains include, for example, wheat that does not correspond to malt (barley, wheat, rye, crow wheat, oat, pigeon wheat, starch, etc.), rice (white rice, brown rice, etc.), corn, corn, potatoes, etc. , Beans (soybeans, oats, etc.), buckwheat, sorghum, oats, hie, starch obtained from them, extracts (extracts) thereof and the like.
- corn corn (corn grits or the like).
- the protein include soybean protein, pea protein, yeast extract, and decomposition products thereof.
- malt When malt is not used, it is a non-alcoholic beer-taste beverage that uses a liquid sugar containing a carbon source and a nitrogen source as an amino acid-containing material (for example, soybean protein, etc.) such as the above-mentioned grains other than malt. There may be.
- a liquid sugar containing a carbon source and a nitrogen source as an amino acid-containing material (for example, soybean protein, etc.) such as the above-mentioned grains other than malt. There may be.
- hop form used in one aspect of the present invention examples include pellet hops, powdered hops, hop extracts and the like. Further, as the hop to be used, a processed hop product such as an isodized hop or a reduced hop may be used. The amount of hops added is appropriately adjusted, but is preferably 0.0001 to 1% by mass with respect to the total amount of the beverage.
- a non-alcoholic beer-taste beverage using hops as a raw material is a beverage containing iso-alpha acid, which is a component derived from hops.
- the content of iso-alpha acid in the non-alcoholic beer-taste beverage using hops may be more than 0.1% by mass, or 1.0% by mass, based on the total amount (100% by mass) of the beer-taste beverage. It may be super.
- the content of iso-alpha acid in the non-alcoholic beer-taste beverage without hops may be 0.1% by mass or less based on the total amount (100% by mass) of the beer-taste beverage.
- the non-alcoholic beer-taste beverage according to one aspect of the present invention may be a beverage further containing a preservative.
- the preservative used in one embodiment of the present invention include benzoic acid; benzoate such as sodium benzoate; benzoic acid ester such as propyl paraoxybenzoate and butyl paraoxybenzoate; dimethyl dicarbonate; and the like.
- a commercially available preparation such as strong sample leather (manufactured by San-Ei Gen FFI Co., Ltd., a mixture of sodium benzoate and butyl benzoate) may be used. These preservatives may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the blending amount of the preservative is preferably 5 to 1200 mass ppm, more preferably 10 to 1100 mass ppm, still more preferably 15 to 1000. It is mass ppm, more preferably 20 to 900 mass ppm.
- the non-alcoholic beer-taste beverage according to one aspect of the present invention may be a beverage further containing a sweetener.
- sweeteners include commercially available saccharified liquids obtained by decomposing grain-derived starch with an acid or an enzyme, commercially available sugars such as starch syrup, sugars of trisaccharides or higher, sugar alcohols, natural sweeteners such as stevia, and artificial sweeteners. Can be mentioned. These sweeteners may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the form of these saccharides may be a liquid such as a solution or a solid such as a powder. Further, there are no particular restrictions on the type of starch raw material grain, the method for purifying starch, and the treatment conditions such as hydrolysis with enzymes or acids.
- a saccharide having an increased proportion of maltose may be used by appropriately setting the conditions for hydrolysis with an enzyme or acid.
- sucrose, fructose, glucose, maltose, trehalose, maltotriose, maltotetraose, isomaltose, isomalttriose, isomalttetrase, and solutions (sugar solutions) thereof can also be used.
- the artificial sweetener include aspartame, acesulfame potassium (acesulfame K), sucralose, neotame and the like.
- the non-alcoholic beer-taste beverage according to one aspect of the present invention may be a beverage further blended with water-soluble dietary fiber.
- water-soluble dietary fiber examples include indigestible dextrin, polydextrose, guar gum decomposition product, pectin, glucomannan, alginic acid, laminarin, fucoidin, carrageenan and the like, from the viewpoint of versatility such as stability and safety. , Indigestible dextrin or polydextrose is preferred.
- These water-soluble dietary fibers may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the bitterness may be imparted by a hop or an ⁇ -acid-isolated hop extract, and the bitterness or bitterness-imparting agent shown below together with the hop or the ⁇ -acid-isolated hop extract. May be used. Further, instead of using hops and hop extracts obtained by isolating ⁇ -acid, the following bitterness agents or bitterness-imparting agents may be used instead of hops. Examples of the bitterness agent or bitterness-imparting agent include rosemary, reishi, hime scent, morimatsumi, sage, maze scent, mannentake, laurel, quasin, citrus extract, nigaki extract, coffee extract, and tea extract.
- bitterness agents or bitterness-imparting agents may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the non-alcoholic beer-taste beverage according to one aspect of the present invention may be a beverage further containing an antioxidant.
- the antioxidant is not particularly limited, and those used as antioxidants in ordinary beer and low-malt beer can be used, and examples thereof include ascorbic acid, erythorbic acid, and catechin. These antioxidants may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the non-alcoholic beer-taste beverage according to one aspect of the present invention may be a beverage further blended with a fragrance.
- the fragrance is not particularly limited, and a general beer fragrance can be used. Beer flavoring is used for beer-like flavoring. Examples of beer flavors include esters and higher alcohols, and specific examples thereof include isoamyl acetate, ethyl acetate, n-propanol, isobutanol, acetaldehyde, ethyl caproate, linalol, 4-vinylguaiacol, isoamylpropionate, and the like. Examples thereof include 2-methyl-2-pentenoic acid and 4-methyl-3-pentenoic acid. These fragrances may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the non-alcoholic beer-taste beverage according to one aspect of the present invention preferably contains tartaric acid, but may be a beverage further containing an acidulant other than tartaric acid.
- the acidulant other than tartaric acid is not particularly limited as long as it is a substance having an acidity, but for example, phosphoric acid, citric acid, gluconic acid, lactic acid, malic acid, phytic acid, acetic acid, succinic acid, gluconodeltalactone or them. Salt is mentioned.
- At least one selected from phosphoric acid, citric acid, gluconic acid, lactic acid, malic acid, phytic acid, acetic acid, succinic acid and salts thereof is preferable, and phosphoric acid, citric acid, lactic acid and acetic acid are preferable. And at least one selected from salts thereof is more preferred, and at least one selected from phosphoric acid and lactic acid is even more preferred.
- the acidulant used in one aspect of the present invention is preferably a combination of phosphoric acid and lactic acid. These acidulants may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the non-alcoholic beer-taste beverage according to one aspect of the present invention may be a beverage further containing salts.
- salts include sodium chloride, acidic potassium phosphate, acidic calcium phosphate, ammonium phosphate, magnesium sulfate, calcium sulfate, potassium metabisulfate, calcium chloride, magnesium chloride, potassium nitrate, ammonium sulfate, monosodium citrate, and dicitrate. Examples thereof include sodium, trisodium citrate, and potassium chloride. These salts may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the non-alcoholic beer-taste beverage of one aspect of the present invention may be a beverage containing one or more wood extracts selected from beech, sugi, cherry, nara, hinoki, apple and walnut, and the extract may be substantially the same. It may be a beverage that does not contain the extract, or a beverage that does not contain the extract.
- the non-alcoholic beer-taste beverage according to one aspect of the present invention may be a beverage containing an extract of a plant belonging to the genus Quercus serrata of the family Fagaceae, a beverage containing substantially no such extract, or a beverage containing no such extract. May be.
- the non-alcoholic beer-taste beverage according to one aspect of the present invention may be a beverage having a spirantol content of 0.1 mass ppb or more, or a beverage having a spirantol content of less than 0.1 mass ppb.
- Carbon dioxide gas contained in the non-alcoholic beer-taste beverage of one aspect of the present invention may be added by mixing with carbonated water, or carbon dioxide gas may be added directly to the raw material liquid.
- the carbon dioxide concentration of the beer-taste beverage of one aspect of the present invention is preferably 0.30 (w / w)% or more, more preferably 0.35 (w / w)% or more, still more preferably 0.40 (w). / W)% or more, more preferably 0.42 (w / w)% or more, still more preferably 0.45 (w / w)% or more, still more preferably 0.46 (w / w)%.
- the above is more preferably 0.47 (w / w)% or more, particularly preferably 0.48 (w / w)% or more, and more preferably 0.80 (w / w)%.
- the carbon dioxide gas concentration is measured by immersing the container containing the target beverage in a water tank at 20 ° C for 30 minutes or more while shaking occasionally to adjust the beverage to 20 ° C, and then measuring the gas volume.
- the measurement can be performed using an apparatus (for example, GVA-500 (manufactured by Kyoto Denshi Kogyo Co., Ltd.)).
- the carbon dioxide gas pressure of the packaged beverage may be appropriately adjusted within the range of the above carbon dioxide concentration, but is 5.0 kg / cm 2 or less. It may be 4.5 kg / cm 2 or less, or 4.0 kg / cm 2 or less, or 0.20 kg / cm 2 or more, 0.50 kg / cm 2 or more, or 1.0 kg / cm 2 or more. Either the upper limit or the lower limit may be combined, and for example, the carbon dioxide gas pressure of the beverage is 0.20 kg / cm 2 or more and 5.0 kg / cm 2 or less, 0.50 kg / cm 2 or more and 4.5 kg / cm.
- the amount of carbon dioxide gas contained in the packaged carbonated drink of one aspect of the present invention may be 5.0 kg / cm 2 or less, 4.5 kg / cm 2 or less, or 4.0 kg / cm 2 or less, and also. It may be 0.20 kg / cm 2 or more, 0.50 kg / cm 2 or more, or 1.0 kg / cm 2 or more. Either the upper limit or the lower limit may be combined, and for example, the carbon dioxide gas pressure of the beverage is 0.20 kg / cm 2 or more and 5.0 kg / cm 2 or less, 0.50 kg / cm 2 or more and 4.5 kg / cm.
- the gas pressure means the gas pressure in the container, except for special cases.
- the pressure is measured by a method well known to those skilled in the art. It can be measured by using a method of swinging and reading the value when the pointer reaches a certain position, or by using a commercially available gas pressure measuring device.
- additives may be added, if necessary, as long as the effects of the present invention are not impaired.
- additives include colorants, foam-forming agents, fermentation accelerators, yeast extracts, protein-based substances such as peptide-containing substances, and seasonings such as amino acids.
- the colorant is used to give a beer-like color to a beverage, and a caramel color or the like can be used.
- Foam-forming agents are used to form beer-like foam in beverages or to retain foam in beverages, and are plant-extracted saponin-based substances such as soybean saponin and kiraya saponin, and plants such as corn and soybean.
- Proteins, peptide-containing substances such as collagen peptides, yeast extracts and the like can be appropriately used.
- the fermentation accelerator is used to promote fermentation by yeast, and for example, yeast extract, bran components such as rice and wheat, vitamins, mineral agents and the like can be used alone or in combination.
- the method for producing a non-alcoholic beer-taste beverage of the present invention is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include methods having the following steps (1) to (3).
- -Step (1) A step of obtaining a pre-beverage liquid by performing at least one of a saccharification treatment, a boiling treatment, and a solid content removing treatment using various raw materials.
- -Step (2) A step of adding carbon dioxide gas to the pre-beverage liquid.
- -Step (3) A step of adjusting the content (Y) of the content of 2,3-diethyl-5-methylpyrazine.
- the following step (4) may be further provided, if necessary.
- -Step (4) A step of adjusting the content (X) of tartaric acid.
- the step (1) is a step of obtaining a pre-beverage liquid by performing at least one of a saccharification treatment, a boiling treatment, and a solid content removing treatment using various raw materials.
- various raw materials including water and malt are put into a charging kettle or a charging tank, and an enzyme such as amylase is added as needed.
- an enzyme such as amylase
- various raw materials other than malt hops, dietary fiber, sweeteners, antioxidants, bitterness-imparting agents, flavorings, acidulants, pigments and the like may be added.
- the mixture of various raw materials is heated to saccharify the starch of the raw materials for saccharification treatment.
- the temperature and time of the saccharification treatment are appropriately adjusted depending on the type of malt used, the malt ratio, water and raw materials other than malt.
- filtration is performed to obtain a saccharified solution.
- the saccharified solution is preferably boiled.
- hops, bitterness agents and the like are used as raw materials in this boiling treatment, it is preferable to add them. Hops, bitterness agents and the like may be added between the start of boiling and the end of boiling of the saccharified solution. After the boiling treatment is completed, it is preferably transferred to a whirlpool, cooled to 0 to 10 ° C. to prepare a cooling liquid, and then subjected to a solid content removing treatment for removing solid content such as coagulated protein. In this way, the pre-beverage liquid is obtained.
- a pre-beverage liquid may be prepared by adding hops, bitterness agents and the like to a malt extract to which warm water is added and performing a boiling treatment.
- liquid sugar containing a carbon source, nitrogen source as an amino acid-containing raw material other than wheat or malt may be mixed with warm water to prepare a liquid sugar solution, and the liquid sugar solution may be boiled to prepare a pre-beverage liquid.
- hops may be added before the boiling treatment, or may be added between the start of boiling and the end of boiling of the liquid sugar solution.
- a fermentation step using yeast top-fermenting yeast or bottom-fermenting yeast
- the alcohol content is set to 1 (v / v).
- Less than% preferably less than 0.5 (v / v)%, more preferably less than 0.1 (v / v)%, even more preferably less than 0.01 (v / v)%, even more preferably 0.
- a non-alcoholic beer-taste beverage may be produced by performing a step of producing a fermented beverage having a temperature of less than 005 (v / v)%).
- the above-mentioned fermentation step and the step of removing alcohol may not be performed.
- the step (2) is a step of adding carbon dioxide gas to the pre-drinking liquid.
- a method for adding carbon dioxide gas a known method applied when producing a carbonated beverage can be used, and for example, it may be added by mixing the pre-beverage liquid obtained in the step (1) with carbonated water. Carbonated gas may be added directly to the pre-beverage liquid. It is preferable to adjust the carbon dioxide pressure so as to be in the above range by using such a method.
- Step (3) is a step of adjusting the content (Y) of 2,3-diethyl-5-methylpyrazine
- step (4) is a step of adjusting the content (X) of tartaric acid.
- the steps (3) and (4) may be performed before or after the saccharification treatment of the step (1), before or after the boiling treatment, and before or after the solid content removing treatment, and after the completion of the step (1). It may be performed before and after the step (2). However, from the viewpoint of accurately adjusting the content in the finally produced beverage, it is preferable to carry out the process after the end of the step (1) and before the start of the step (2).
- the order of steps (3) and (4) is not particularly limited, and may be performed from either step.
- step (3) 2,3-diethyl-5-methylpyrazine or 2,3-diethyl-5-methylpyrazine-containing additive is added to the unprepared beverage, or the beverage is obtained in a charging step or a fermentation step.
- the content (Y) may be adjusted by adjusting the amount of 2,3-diethyl-5-methylpyrazine to be obtained.
- 2,3-dilution-5-methylpyrazine is added or added based on the measured value. Water may be added to dilute the content (Y) so that the content (Y) is within the above range. If the content (Y) is already within the desired range, it is not necessary to add 2,3-diethyl-5-methylpyrazine or add water or carbonated water to dilute it in this step. ..
- tartaric acid may be added to the beverage before preparation to adjust the tartaric acid content (X). Further, after measuring the content (X) of tartaric acid in the beverage before adjustment, the content of tartaric acid is added or diluted by adding water based on the measured value, and the content (X) is described above. Adjustments may be made so as to be within the range of. If the content (X) is already within the desired range due to the presence of tartaric acid derived from the raw material in the beverage before preparation, the operation of adding tartaric acid or adding water to dilute it in this step is performed. Not needed.
- a step performed in the production of a non-alcoholic beer-taste beverage known to those skilled in the art such as a liquor storage step and a filtration step, may be performed.
- the non-alcoholic beer-taste beverage of one aspect of the present invention thus obtained is filled in a predetermined container and distributed as a product on the market.
- the method for bottling beverages is not particularly limited, and a bottling method well known to those skilled in the art can be used.
- the container packing step the non-alcoholic beer-taste beverage of the present invention is filled and sealed in the container.
- a container of any form and material may be used in the container packing step, and examples of the container are as described above.
- Examples 1 to 12 Comparative Examples 1 to 3
- the wort obtained through saccharification treatment does not undergo a fermentation step using yeast, and the content is 2,3-diethyl so as to have the content shown in Tables 1 to 4.
- -5-Methylpyrazine and tartrate acid were added.
- the carbon dioxide gas pressure was 2.3 kg / cm 2
- the pH was less than 4.0
- the alcohol content was 0.0 (v / v)%.
- a non-alcoholic beer-taste beverage was prepared.
- tartaric acid was not added, and in Comparative Examples 1 and 2, 2,3-diethyl-5-methylpyrazine was not added.
- At least one of the average scores of each panelist of the two sensory evaluation items of "beer-taste beverage-like aftertaste sharpness” and “beer-taste beverage-like drinkability” is less than 2.0 and / or The average value of the scores of each panelist in the sensory evaluation item of "presence or absence of bitterness of aftertaste unsuitable for beer-taste beverage” is less than 2.5.
- the non-alcoholic beer-taste beverages of Examples 1 to 16 have a good aftertaste sharpness and a good mouthfeel, which are typical of beer-taste beverages, and the bitterness of an unsuitable aftertaste is also suppressed. It became.
- the non-alcoholic beer-taste beverages of Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 2 were beverages that did not have a good taste like beer-taste beverages.
- the non-alcoholic beer-taste beverage of Comparative Example 3 was a beverage having a bitter aftertaste unsuitable as a beer-taste beverage.
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Abstract
Description
例えば、特許文献1には、ビール製造における発酵工程前において、α-グルコシダーゼを添加することで、従来法に比べ生成アルコール濃度を約40~55%も低減させ得る、ノンアルコール発酵飲料の製造方法に関する技術が開示されている。
[1]
2,3-ジエチル-5-メチルピラジンを含み、2,3-ジエチル-5-メチルピラジンの含有量(Y)が、ノンアルコールビールテイスト飲料の全量基準で80質量ppb以下である、ノンアルコールビールテイスト飲料。
[2]
さらに酒石酸を含む、[1]に記載されたノンアルコールビールテイスト飲料。
[3]
酒石酸の含有量(X)が、前記ノンアルコールビールテイスト飲料の全量基準で350質量ppm以下である、[2]に記載されたノンアルコールビールテイスト飲料。
[4]
2,3-ジエチル-5-メチルピラジンの含有量(Y)(単位:質量ppb)と酒石酸の含有量(X)(単位:質量ppm)との比[(X)/(Y)]が700以下である、[2]又は[3]に記載されたノンアルコールビールテイスト飲料。
[5]
前記ノンアルコールビールテイスト飲料のアルコール度数が、1.0(v/v)%未満である、[1]~[4]のいずれかに記載されたノンアルコールビールテイスト飲料。
[6]
前記ノンアルコールビールテイスト飲料の炭酸ガス圧が、5.0kg/cm2以下である、[1]~[5]のいずれかに記載されたノンアルコールビールテイスト飲料。
[7]
前記ノンアルコールビールテイスト飲料が、非発酵飲料である、[1]~[6]のいずれかに記載されたノンアルコールビールテイスト飲料。
本発明において、「ノンアルコールビールテイスト飲料」とは、平成30年4月1日が施行日の酒税法及び酒類行政関係法令等解釈通達で定義された「酒類」には属さない、ビール様の風味を有する炭酸飲料を意味する。
本発明の一態様のノンアルコールビールテイスト飲料のアルコール度数としては、1(v/v%)未満であればよいが、好ましくは0.5(v/v)%未満、より好ましくは0.1(v/v)%未満、更に好ましくは0.01(v/v)%未満、より更に好ましくは0.005(v/v)%未満である。
なお、本明細書において、アルコール度数は、体積/体積基準の百分率(v/v%)で示されるものとする。また、飲料のアルコール含有量は、公知のいずれの方法によっても測定することができるが、例えば、ガスクロマトグラフィーによって測定することができる。
また、アルコールが1(v/v%)未満になるように発酵を停止させて得られる発酵飲料であっても良い。また、アルコールが1(v/v%)未満になるように水などで希釈した発酵飲料でも良い。発酵を停止させる場合は硫化水素やダイアセチル、2,3-ペンタンジオン、アセトアルデヒドといったオフフレーバーが閾値以下になるように発酵を停止させることが好ましいが必ずしも閾値以下にする必要はない。硫化水素やダイアセチル、2,3-ペンタンジオン、アセトアルデヒドといったオフフレーバーがビールテイスト飲料の香味と融合し良好な香味になれば、オフフレーバーの濃度については限定されない。
また、本発明の一態様のノンアルコールビールテイスト飲料は、このような発酵工程を経ないで調製される非発酵飲料であってもよい。
本発明の一態様のノンアルコールビールテイスト飲料が非発酵飲料である場合、ビール様の風味を持つように、エステル、高級アルコールやラクトン類(例えば、酢酸イソアミル、酢酸エチル、n-プロパノール、イソブタノール、アセトアルデヒド、カプロン酸エチル、カプリル酸エチル、イソアミルプロピオネート、リナロール、ゲラニオール、シトラール、4-ビニルグアイアコール(4-VG)、1,4-シネオール、1,8-シネオール、2,3-ジエチル-5-メチルピラジン、γ-デカノラクトン、γ-ウンデカラクトン、ヘキサン酸エチル、2-メチル酪酸エチル、n-酪酸エチル、ミルセン等)、酸(例えば、2-メチル-2-ペンテン酸、4-メチル-3-ペンテン酸)等を含むビール香料を添加して、ビール風味を有するように調整した炭酸飲料も、本発明の一態様の非発酵ノンアルコールビールテイスト飲料に包含される。
また、本明細書において、ビールテイスト飲料の2,3-ジエチル-5-メチルピラジンの含有量(Y)の含有量は、ガスクロマトグラフィー質量分析法(GC/MS)により測定することができる。具体的な測定方法の一例としては、以下の試料を用いて、以下の測定条件で測定する方法が挙げられる。
[試料]
測定対象となる飲料10~20gに、ジクロロメタン30~50mLを加えた溶液を調製する。そして当該溶液のジクロロメタン層を減圧濃縮後、下記に示すGC/MS装置に1μL注入して、測定を行う。
[測定条件]
・GC/MS装置:7890B/5977B(Agilent Technologies社製)
・カラム:DB-WAX(Agilent Technologies社製)、直径0.25mm×30m、膜厚0.25μm
・導入系:スプリット5:1
・注入量:1μL
・試料注入口温度:220℃
・カラム温度:40℃(1分間保持)→10℃/分で160℃まで昇温→15℃/分で200℃まで昇温
・ガス流量:ヘリウム(キャリアガス)を1mL/分
・イオン源温度:230℃
・イオン化法:EI
pHの調整は、希釈水または炭酸水の添加、原材料(麦芽、コーングリッツ、糖液等)の種類、原材料の量、酵素の種類、酵素の添加量、酵素の添加のタイミング、仕込槽で糖化時間、仕込槽でのタンパク分解時間、仕込槽でのpH、仕込工程(麦芽投入から酵母添加前での麦汁製造工程)でのpH、pH調整の際に使用する酸の種類(乳酸、リン酸、リンゴ酸、酒石酸、クエン酸など)、pH調整の際に使用する酸の添加量、pH調整のタイミング(仕込時、発酵時、発酵完了時、ビール濾過前、ビール濾過後など)、麦汁を調製する際(糖化時含む)の各温度領域の設定温度及び保持時間、発酵前液のオリジナルエキス濃度、発酵工程でのオリジナルエキス濃度、発酵条件(酸素濃度、通気条件、酵母品種、酵母の添加量、酵母増殖数、酵母の除去タイミング、発酵温度、発酵時間、圧力設定、二酸化炭素濃度等)等を適宜設定して行うことができる。
仕込槽や発酵タンクなどのビール醸造設備を使用しない場合のpHの調整は、希釈水や炭酸水の添加、ミネラル類(ナトリウム塩、カリウム塩、カルシウム塩、マグネシウム塩など)の添加、ミネラル類が含まれる水の添加、酸味料の使用量や酸味料の種類、原材料の使用量や種類の選択の他に製造工程中の時間(原料の混合に伴う調合時間など)、製造工程中の温度、製造工程中のpH、製造工程中のオリジナルエキス濃度等を適宜設定して調整できる。
本発明に係る炭酸飲料のpHは、改訂BCOJビール分析法(公益財団法人日本醸造協会発行、ビール酒造組合国際技術委員会〔分析委員会〕編集2013年増補改訂の8.7pHに記載されている方法によって測定することができる。
なお、本明細書における「総エキス量」は、脱ガスしたサンプルをビール酒造組合国際技術委員会(BCOJ)が編集する改訂BCOJビール分析法(公益財団法人日本醸造協会発行、2013年増補改訂)の「ビール分析法 7.2 エキス」に従い測定したエキス値(質量%)を意味する。
本発明の一態様のノンアルコールビールテイスト飲料の主な原材料は、水と共に麦芽を用いてもよく、また、麦芽を用いなくてもよい。さらにホップを用いてもよく、その他に、保存料、甘味料、水溶性食物繊維、苦味料又は苦味付与剤、酸化防止剤、香料、酸味料、塩類等を用いてもよい。
本発明の一態様においては、用いる麦芽としては、大麦麦芽が好ましい。大麦麦芽は、日本のビールテイスト飲料の原料として最も一般的に用いられる麦芽の1つである。大麦には、二条大麦、六条大麦などの種類があるが、いずれを用いてもよい。さらに、通常麦芽のほか、色麦芽なども用いることができる。なお、色麦芽を用いる際には、種類の異なる色麦芽を適宜組み合わせて用いてもよいし、一種類の色麦芽を用いてもよい。
そのような穀物としては、例えば、麦芽には該当しない麦(大麦、小麦、ライ麦、カラス麦、オート麦、ハト麦、エン麦等)、米(白米、玄米等)、とうもろこし、こうりゃん、ばれいしょ、豆(大豆、えんどう豆等)、そば、ソルガム、粟、ひえ、及びそれらから得られたデンプン、これらの抽出物(エキス)等が挙げられる。これらの中でも、トウモロコシ(コーングリッツ等)を用いることが好ましい。また、タンパクとしては、大豆タンパク、エンドウ豆タンパク、酵母エキス、これらの分解物等が挙げられる。
ホップの添加量としては、適宜調製されるが、飲料全量に対して、好ましくは0.0001~1質量%である。
一方で、ホップを用いないノンアルコールビールテイスト飲料におけるイソα酸の含有量は、当該ビールテイスト飲料の全量(100質量%)基準で、0.1質量ppm以下であってもよい。
なお、本明細書において、イソα酸の含有量は、改訂BCOJビール分析法(公益財団法人日本醸造協会発行、ビール酒造組合国際技術委員会〔分析委員会〕編集2013年増補改訂)に記載の高速液体クロマトグラフィー(HPLC)分析法により測定された値を意味する。
本発明の一態様で用いる保存料としては、例えば、安息香酸;安息香酸ナトリウム等の安息香酸塩;パラオキシ安息香酸プロピル、パラオキシ安息香酸ブチル等の安息香酸エステル;二炭酸ジメチル;等が挙げられる。また、保存料としては、強力サンプレザー(三栄源エフ・エフ・アイ株式会社製、安息香酸ナトリウムと安息香酸ブチルの混合物)等の市販の製剤を用いてもよい。
これらの保存料は、単独で用いてもよく、2種以上を併用してもよい。
甘味料としては、穀物由来のデンプンを酸又は酵素等で分解した市販の糖化液、市販の水飴等の糖類、三糖類以上の糖、糖アルコール、ステビア等の天然甘味料、人工甘味料等が挙げられる。
これらの甘味料は、単独で用いてもよく、2種以上を併用してもよい。
これらの糖類の形態は、溶液等の液体であってもよく、粉末等の固体であってもよい。
また、デンプンの原料穀物の種類、デンプンの精製方法、及び酵素や酸による加水分解等の処理条件についても特に制限はない。例えば、酵素や酸による加水分解の条件を適宜設定することにより、マルトースの比率を高めた糖類を用いてもよい。その他、スクロース、フルクトース、グルコース、マルトース、トレハロース、マルトトリオース、マルトテトラオース、イソマルトース、イソマルトトリオース、イソマルトテトラ―ス及びこれらの溶液(糖液)等を用いることもできる。
また、人工甘味料としては、例えば、アスパルテーム、アセスルファムカリウム(アセスルファムK)、スクラロース、ネオテーム等が挙げられる。
水溶性食物繊維としては、例えば、難消化性デキストリン、ポリデキストロース、グアーガム分解物、ペクチン、グルコマンナン、アルギン酸、ラミナリン、フコイジン、カラギーナン等が挙げられ、安定性や安全性等の汎用性の観点から、難消化性デキストリン又はポリデキストロースが好ましい。
これらの水溶性食物繊維は、単独で用いてもよく、2種以上を併用してもよい。
苦味料又は苦味付与剤としては、例えば、マンネンロウ、レイシ、姫茴香、杜松実、セージ、迷迭香、マンネンタケ、月桂樹、クワシン、柑橘抽出物、ニガキ抽出物、コーヒー抽出物、茶抽出物、ゴーヤ抽出物、ハス胚芽抽出物、キダチアロエ抽出物、マンネンロウ抽出物、レイシ抽出物、ローレル抽出物、セージ抽出物、キャラウェイ抽出物、ナリンギン、ニガヨモギ、ニガヨモギ抽出物、アブシンチン、キハダ、柑橘類の果皮抽出物等が挙げられる。
これらの苦味料又は苦味付与剤は、単独で用いてもよく、2種以上を併用してもよい。
酸化防止剤としては、特に限定されず、通常のビールや発泡酒に酸化防止剤として用いられるものが使用でき、例えば、アスコルビン酸、エリソルビン酸、及びカテキン等が挙げられる。
これらの酸化防止剤は、単独で用いてもよく、2種以上を併用してもよい。
香料としては、特に限定されず、一般的なビール香料を用いることができる。ビール香料は、ビール様の風味付けのために用いるものである。
ビール香料としては、エステルや高級アルコール等が挙げられ、具体的には、酢酸イソアミル、酢酸エチル、n-プロパノール、イソブタノール、アセトアルデヒド、カプロン酸エチル、リナロール、4-ビニルグアイアコール、イソアミルプロピオネート、2-メチル-2-ペンテン酸、4-メチル-3-ペンテン酸等が挙げられる。
これらの香料は、単独で用いてもよく、2種以上を併用してもよい。
酒石酸以外の酸味料としては、酸味を有する物質であれば特に限定されないが、例えば、リン酸、クエン酸、グルコン酸、乳酸、リンゴ酸、フィチン酸、酢酸、コハク酸、グルコノデルタラクトン又はそれらの塩が挙げられる。これらの酸味料の中でも、リン酸、クエン酸、グルコン酸、乳酸、リンゴ酸、フィチン酸、酢酸、コハク酸及びそれらの塩から選ばれる少なくとも1種が好ましく、リン酸、クエン酸、乳酸、酢酸及びそれらの塩から選ばれる少なくとも1種がより好ましく、リン酸及び乳酸から選ばれる少なくとも1種が更に好ましい。
そして、本発明の一態様で用いる酸味料は、リン酸、及び乳酸の組み合わせが好ましい。
これらの酸味料は、単独で用いてもよく、2種以上を併用してもよい。
塩類としては、例えば、塩化ナトリウム、酸性リン酸カリウム、酸性リン酸カルシウム、リン酸アンモニウム、硫酸マグネシウム、硫酸カルシウム、メタ重亜硫酸カリウム、塩化カルシウム、塩化マグネシウム、硝酸カリウム、硫酸アンモニウム、クエン酸一ナトリウム、クエン酸二ナトリウム、クエン酸三ナトリウム、塩化カリウム等が挙げられる。
これらの塩類は、単独で用いてもよく、2種以上を併用してもよい。
本発明の一態様のノンアルコールビールテイスト飲料に含まれる炭酸ガスは、炭酸水との混和によって加えてもよく、又は原料液に炭酸ガスを直接添加してもよい。
なお、本明細書において、炭酸ガス濃度は、対象となる飲料が入った容器を時々振りながら20℃の水槽に30分間以上浸して、当該飲料が20℃になるよう調整した後に、ガスボリューム測定装置(例えば、GVA-500(京都電子工業株式会社製)等)を用いて測定することができる。
本明細書において、ガス圧とは、特別な場合を除き、容器内におけるガス圧をいう。
圧力の測定は、当業者によく知られた方法、例えば20℃にした試料をガス内圧計に固定した後、一度ガス内圧計の活栓を開いてガスを抜き、再び活栓を閉じ、ガス内圧計を振り動かして指針が一定の位置に達したときの値を読み取る方法を用いて、又は市販のガス圧測定装置を用いて測定することができる。
本発明の一態様のノンアルコールビールテイスト飲料は、本発明の効果を妨げない範囲で、必要に応じて、様々な添加物を添加してもよい。
そのような添加物としては、例えば、着色料、泡形成剤、発酵促進剤、酵母エキス、ペプチド含有物等のタンパク質系物質、アミノ酸等の調味料が挙げられる。
着色料は、飲料にビール様の色を与えるために使用するものであり、カラメル色素などを用いることができる。泡形成剤は、飲料にビール様の泡を形成させるため、あるいは飲料の泡を保持させるために使用するものであり、大豆サポニン、キラヤサポニン等の植物抽出サポニン系物質、コーン、大豆などの植物タンパク、及び、コラーゲンペプチド等のペプチド含有物、酵母エキスなどを適宜使用することができる。
発酵促進剤は、酵母による発酵を促進させるために使用するものであり、例えば、酵母エキス、米や麦などの糠成分、ビタミン、ミネラル剤などを単独又は組み合わせて使用することができる。
本発明のノンアルコールビールテイスト飲料の製造方法としては、特に制限は無く、例えば、下記工程(1)~(3)を有する方法が挙げられる。
・工程(1):各種原材料を用いて、糖化処理、煮沸処理、及び固形分除去処理のうち少なくとも1つの処理を行い、飲料前液を得る工程。
・工程(2):前記飲料前液に、炭酸ガスを加える工程。
・工程(3):2,3-ジエチル-5-メチルピラジンの含有量の含有量(Y)を調整する工程。
また、本発明の一態様の製造方法において、必要に応じて、さらに下記工程(4)を有してもよい。
・工程(4):酒石酸の含有量(X)を調整する工程。
以下、上記の各工程について説明する。
工程(1)は、各種原材料を用いて、糖化処理、煮沸処理、及び固形分除去処理のうち少なくとも1つの処理を行い、飲料前液を得る工程である。
例えば、各種原材料として、麦芽を用いる場合には、水及び麦芽を含む各種原材料を仕込釜又は仕込槽に投入し、必要に応じてアミラーゼ等の酵素を添加する。麦芽以外の各種原材料としては、ホップ、食物繊維、甘味料、酸化防止剤、苦味付与剤、香料、酸味料、色素等を加えてもよい。
各種原材料の混合物は、加温し、原材料の澱粉質を糖化させて糖化処理を行う。糖化処理の温度及び時間は、使用する麦芽の種類や、麦芽比率、水及び麦芽以外の原材料等によって適宜調整する。糖化処理後に、濾過を行い、糖化液が得られる。
この煮沸処理を行う際に、原材料としてホップや苦味料等を用いる場合には、これらを加えることが好ましい。ホップや苦味料等は、糖化液の煮沸開始から煮沸終了前の間で加えてもよい。
煮沸処理終了後には、ワールプールに移送し、0~10℃に冷却して冷却液とした後、凝固タンパク等の固形分を取り除くための固形分除去処理を行うことが好ましい。このようにして、飲料前液が得られる。
なお、上記の糖化液の代わりに、麦芽エキスに温水を加えたものに、ホップや苦味料等を加えて煮沸処理を行い、飲料前液を調製してもよい。
ホップを用いる場合には、煮沸処理前に加えてもよく、液糖溶液の煮沸開始から煮沸終了前の間で加えてもよい。
一方で、本発明の一態様の製造方法において、上記の発酵工程及びアルコールを除去する工程を行わない方法であってもよい。
工程(2)は、記飲料前液に、炭酸ガスを加える工程である。
炭酸ガスを加える方法について、炭酸飲料を製造する際に適用される公知の方法を用いることができ、例えば、工程(1)で得た飲料前液と炭酸水との混和によって加えてもよく、飲料前液に炭酸ガスを直接添加してもよい。このような方法を用いて、炭酸ガス圧が上述の範囲となるように調整されることが好ましい。
工程(3)は、2,3-ジエチル-5-メチルピラジンの含有量(Y)を調整する工程であり、工程(4)は、酒石酸の含有量(X)を調整する工程である。
工程(3)及び工程(4)は、工程(1)の糖化処理の前後、煮沸処理の前後、及び固形分除去処理の前後のいずれに行ってもよく、また、工程(1)終了後の工程(2)の前後で行ってもよい。ただし、最終的に製造される飲料中の含有量を正確に調整する観点から、工程(1)終了後であって、工程(2)開始前に行うことが好ましい。
なお、工程(3)及び工程(4)の順序は、特に制限は無く、どちらの工程から行ってもよい。
飲料の容器詰め方法としては、特に限定されず、当業者に周知の容器詰め方法を用いることができる。容器詰め工程によって、本発明のノンアルコールビールテイスト飲料は容器に充填・密閉される。容器詰め工程には、いずれの形態・材質の容器を用いてもよく、容器の例としては、上述のとおりである。
水、麦芽及びホップを原料として用い、糖化処理を経て得られた麦汁に、酵母を用いた発酵工程を行わずに、表1~4に記載の含有量となるように2,3-ジエチル-5-メチルピラジン及び酒石酸を添加した。また、全ての実施例及び比較例において、炭酸ガスを添加することで、炭酸ガス圧が2.3kg/cm2、pHが4.0未満、アルコール度数が0.0(v/v)%のノンアルコールビールテイスト飲料を調製した。
なお、実施例1~4及び比較例1においては、酒石酸を添加せずに調製し、比較例1及び2においては、2,3-ジエチル-5-メチルピラジンを添加せずに調製した。
[ビールテイスト飲料らしい後味のキレのスコア基準]
・「3.0」:ビールテイスト飲料らしい良好な後味のキレが強く感じられる。
・「2.5」:ビールテイスト飲料らしい良好な後味のキレが明確に感じられる。
・「2.0」:ビールテイスト飲料らしい良好な後味のキレがある程度感じられる。
・「1.5」:ビールテイスト飲料らしい良好な後味のキレがあまり感じられない。
・「1.0」:ビールテイスト飲料らしい良好な後味のキレが感じられない。
[ビールテイスト飲料らしい飲みごたえのスコア基準]
・「3.0」:ビールテイスト飲料らしい良好な飲みごたえが強く感じられる。
・「2.5」:ビールテイスト飲料らしい良好な飲みごたえが明確に感じられる。
・「2.0」:ビールテイスト飲料らしい良好な飲みごたえがある程度感じられる。
・「1.5」:ビールテイスト飲料らしい良好な飲みごたえがあまり感じられない。
・「1.0」:ビールテイスト飲料らしい良好な飲みごたえが感じられない。
[ビールテイスト飲料として不適な後味の苦味の有無のスコア基準]
・「3.0」:不適な後味の苦味が全く感じられない。
・「2.5」:不適な後味の苦味がほとんど感じられない。
・「2.0」:不適な後味の苦味がわずかに感じられる。
・「1.5」:不適な後味の苦味が明確に感じられない。
・「1.0」:不適な後味の苦味が強く感じられる。
[総合評価]
・「A」:「ビールテイスト飲料らしい後味のキレ」及び「ビールテイスト飲料らしい飲みごたえ」の2つの官能評価項目の各パネラーのスコアの平均値がいずれも2.0以上であり、「ビールテイスト飲料として不適な後味の苦味の有無」の官能評価項目の各パネラーのスコアの平均値が2.5以上である。
・「B」:「ビールテイスト飲料らしい後味のキレ」及び「ビールテイスト飲料らしい飲みごたえ」の2つの官能評価項目の各パネラーのスコアの平均値の少なくとも一方が2.0未満、及び/又は、「ビールテイスト飲料として不適な後味の苦味の有無」の官能評価の項目の各パネラーのスコアの平均値が2.5未満である。
Claims (7)
- 2,3-ジエチル-5-メチルピラジンを含み、2,3-ジエチル-5-メチルピラジンの含有量(Y)が、ノンアルコールビールテイスト飲料の全量基準で80質量ppb以下である、ノンアルコールビールテイスト飲料。
- さらに酒石酸を含む、請求項1に記載されたノンアルコールビールテイスト飲料。
- 酒石酸の含有量(X)が、前記ノンアルコールビールテイスト飲料の全量基準で350質量ppm以下である、請求項2に記載されたノンアルコールビールテイスト飲料。
- 2,3-ジエチル-5-メチルピラジンの含有量(Y)(単位:質量ppb)と酒石酸の含有量(X)(単位:質量ppm)との比[(X)/(Y)]が700以下である、請求項2又は3に記載されたノンアルコールビールテイスト飲料。
- 前記ノンアルコールビールテイスト飲料のアルコール度数が、1.0(v/v)%未満である、請求項1~4のいずれかに記載されたノンアルコールビールテイスト飲料。
- 前記ノンアルコールビールテイスト飲料の炭酸ガス圧が、5.0kg/cm2以下である、請求項1~5のいずれかに記載されたノンアルコールビールテイスト飲料。
- 前記ノンアルコールビールテイスト飲料が、非発酵飲料である、請求項1~6のいずれかに記載されたノンアルコールビールテイスト飲料。
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