WO2022111886A1 - Injektor zum einbringen, insbesondere zum direkten einblasen, von gasförmigem kraftstoff in einen brennraum einer verbrennungskraftmaschine, sowie gasmotor - Google Patents
Injektor zum einbringen, insbesondere zum direkten einblasen, von gasförmigem kraftstoff in einen brennraum einer verbrennungskraftmaschine, sowie gasmotor Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2022111886A1 WO2022111886A1 PCT/EP2021/076750 EP2021076750W WO2022111886A1 WO 2022111886 A1 WO2022111886 A1 WO 2022111886A1 EP 2021076750 W EP2021076750 W EP 2021076750W WO 2022111886 A1 WO2022111886 A1 WO 2022111886A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- housing
- gaseous fuel
- injector
- area
- valve body
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 121
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 110
- 210000000746 body region Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 17
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 6
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000265 homogenisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003071 parasitic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013519 translation Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M21/00—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form
- F02M21/02—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels
- F02M21/0218—Details on the gaseous fuel supply system, e.g. tanks, valves, pipes, pumps, rails, injectors or mixers
- F02M21/0248—Injectors
- F02M21/0257—Details of the valve closing elements, e.g. valve seats, stems or arrangement of flow passages
- F02M21/026—Lift valves, i.e. stem operated valves
- F02M21/0269—Outwardly opening valves, e.g. poppet valves
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M21/00—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form
- F02M21/02—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels
- F02M21/0218—Details on the gaseous fuel supply system, e.g. tanks, valves, pipes, pumps, rails, injectors or mixers
- F02M21/0248—Injectors
- F02M21/0257—Details of the valve closing elements, e.g. valve seats, stems or arrangement of flow passages
- F02M21/026—Lift valves, i.e. stem operated valves
- F02M21/0263—Inwardly opening single or multi nozzle valves, e.g. needle valves
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M21/00—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form
- F02M21/02—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels
- F02M21/0218—Details on the gaseous fuel supply system, e.g. tanks, valves, pipes, pumps, rails, injectors or mixers
- F02M21/0248—Injectors
- F02M21/0275—Injectors for in-cylinder direct injection, e.g. injector combined with spark plug
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M21/00—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form
- F02M21/02—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels
- F02M21/0218—Details on the gaseous fuel supply system, e.g. tanks, valves, pipes, pumps, rails, injectors or mixers
- F02M21/0248—Injectors
- F02M21/0251—Details of actuators therefor
- F02M21/0254—Electric actuators, e.g. solenoid or piezoelectric
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/30—Use of alternative fuels, e.g. biofuels
Definitions
- Injector for introducing, in particular for blowing gaseous fuel directly into a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine, and gas engine
- the invention relates to an injector for introducing, in particular for blowing gaseous fuel directly into a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine.
- the invention also relates to a gas engine with at least one such injector.
- DE 102017213737 A1 discloses an injector for injecting gaseous fuel into a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine, with a nozzle body in which a pressure chamber is formed which can be filled with gaseous fuel under an injection pressure and from which an injection opening through which the gaseous fuel emerges can escape.
- EP 1 195203 A2 discloses a device for atomizing a liquid medium as known.
- Object of the present invention is to provide an injector for a
- a first aspect of the invention relates to an injector for introducing, in particular for blowing gaseous fuel, in particular hydrogen, directly into a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine, in particular of a motor vehicle.
- the internal combustion engine is in its fired operation by means of the gaseous Fuel operable, so that the internal combustion engine is a gas engine, in particular according to the Otto engine principle, or is also referred to as a gas engine.
- the gaseous fuel is introduced into the combustion chamber, in particular blown directly, for example within a respective working cycle of the internal combustion engine by means of the injector.
- the injector comprises a housing through which the gaseous fuel can flow.
- the gaseous fuel in particular from outside the housing or the injector as a whole, can be or is introduced into the housing and thereby into the injector and can then be or is led out again from the housing and in particular out of the injector as a whole becomes.
- the gaseous fuel is introduced into the injector, in particular into the housing, via at least one inlet opening.
- the discharge of the gaseous fuel from the housing or from the injector as a whole is also referred to as removing the gaseous fuel from the housing or from the injector as a whole.
- the housing has at least or exactly one outflow opening through which the gaseous fuel flowing through the housing can flow, or several outflow openings, via which the gaseous fuel can be discharged from the housing, in particular from the injector as a whole, and thus, for example, for introducing the gaseous fuel into the combustion chamber can be conducted into an environment of the housing, in particular of the injector as a whole.
- the gaseous fuel initially introduced into the housing or into the injector as a whole is discharged from the housing and through the outflow opening, also known as the outlet opening from which, in particular, it is discharged or discharged as a whole and thereby conducted, that is to say blown, into the environment, in particular directly into the combustion chamber.
- the gaseous fuel flowing through the outflow opening emerges from the housing and out of the injector as a whole, so that the injector ejects or blows out the gaseous fuel flowing through the outflow opening and thereby blows it directly into the combustion chamber, for example.
- the injector in particular the housing, also has a valve seat which is formed, for example, in particular directly, by the housing, in particular by a housing element of the housing.
- the injector has a valve element, also referred to simply as a valve, which moves along a direction of movement is movable relative to the housing and relative to the valve seat at least or exclusively translationally between a closed position and at least one open position.
- the closed position is a first position of the valve element. In other words, the closed position is also referred to as the first position.
- the open position is a second position of the valve member. In other words, the open position is also referred to as the second position.
- the direction of movement preferably runs parallel to the direction of longitudinal extent of the valve element and/or the housing.
- valve element can be moved along the direction of movement relative to the housing and relative to the valve seat between the positions.
- valve element can be moved along the direction of movement relative to the housing and relative to the valve seat between the positions. and is movable.
- valve element In the closed position, the valve element sits on the valve seat. In other words, the valve element is in the closed position in support contact with the valve seat, whereby in the closed position by means of the valve element a first housing region of the housing through which the gaseous fuel can flow and in the flow direction of the gaseous fuel flowing through the housing Fuel arranged downstream of the first housing portion, second housing portion of the housing is separated.
- the second housing area includes the outflow opening.
- the outflow opening opens directly into the combustion chamber at the other end, so that the gaseous fuel flowing through the outflow opening and thus outflowing from the injector is blown directly into the combustion chamber.
- the valve seat extends, in particular in the circumferential direction of the housing or of the respective housing region running around the direction of movement and in particular completely circumferentially, around a transfer opening which is closed by the valve element in the closed position of the valve element and is thus blocked.
- the housing areas are fluidically separated from one another by means of the valve element, as a result of which no gaseous fuel can flow from the first housing area into the second housing area.
- no gaseous fuel flows through the outflow opening, so that in the closed position of the valve element the injector does not provide the gaseous fuel, ie does not blow it out.
- the fact that in the closed position of the valve element the housing regions are fluidically separated from one another by means of the valve element means that the gaseous fuel does not flow out of the housing, in particular out of the injector as a whole, via the outflow opening. Since the housing areas are fluidically separated from one another in the closed position of the valve element by means of the valve element, the outflow opening is fluidically separated from the first housing area in the closed position of the valve element, in particular by means of the valve element. Thus, the gaseous fuel cannot flow from the first housing portion to the outflow opening and cannot flow through the outflow opening.
- the valve element In the open position, the valve element is at a distance from the valve seat or is lifted, as a result of which the housing areas are fluidly connected to one another, in particular via the flow opening, and the gaseous fuel flowing through the housing areas can be discharged from the housing, in particular from the injector as a whole, via the outflow opening.
- the valve element in order to introduce the gaseous fuel into the combustion chamber, in particular to blow it directly into the combustion chamber, the valve element is moved from the closed position into the open position.
- the gaseous fuel can flow from the first housing area into the second housing area, flow through the second housing area and in particular the outflow opening, so that in the open position the injector can or blows out the gaseous fuel.
- the valve element when it moves from the closed position to the open position, is at least partially in the second housing portion is movable. In other words, it is provided that the valve element moves at least partially into the second housing area during its movement from the closed position into the open position.
- valve element in order to move the valve element from the closed position to the open position, the valve element is moved relative to the Housing and thus moved relative to the valve seat at least or exclusively in a translatory manner in an opening direction running parallel to the direction of movement, which points, in particular from the first housing area, to the second housing area. Since at least part of the valve element is moved into the second housing area when it is moved from the closed position to the open position, at least part of the valve element is moved out of the second housing area when it is moved from the open position to the closed position.
- valve element moves into the second housing region during its movement from the closed position to the open position, the valve element is also referred to as an outwardly opening valve element, so that the injector is referred to as an outwardly opening injector or A-nozzle or A-injector.
- the valve element has a valve body area which is arranged in both positions, i.e. both in the closed position and in the open position in the second housing area, and therefore extends into the second housing area, which at least in a partial area of the valve body area is in tapers in a direction pointing away from the valve seat, that is to say in particular in the aforementioned opening direction, in particular in the manner of a cone or truncated cone.
- the valve body area is curved at least in the partial area.
- the valve body area is thus a flow guiding element or a flow guiding geometry, by means of which the gaseous fuel flowing through the housing areas and the outflow opening in the open position of the valve element can be guided particularly advantageously, in particular in a particularly streamlined manner.
- the gaseous fuel flowing through the housing areas and the outflow opening in the open position flows, for example, on its way from the first housing area to the second housing area and through the outflow opening at least onto the partial area of the valve body area and/or at least around the partial area of the valve body area and/or or along at least the partial area of the valve body area, so that the valve body area or at least the partial area of the valve body area influences the flowing, gaseous fuel with regard to its flow.
- the valve body area is designed at least in the partial area in such a way that at least the partial area of the valve body area is tapered and/or curved, the valve body area influences the flowing, gaseous fuel, ie its flow, in a particularly advantageous manner.
- the second housing area is at least partially, in particular at least predominantly or completely, delimited or formed, for example, directly by a housing part of the housing designed in one piece, the housing element being, for example, a so-called blow cap of the housing or a blow cap region of the housing.
- the valve element moves from the closed position into the open position, it moves at least partially into the blowing cap or into the blowing cap area.
- the bubble cap is mentioned below, this also includes the bubble cap area and vice versa, unless otherwise stated.
- Hydrogen as a gaseous fuel has a lower density than air and therefore mixes poorly in the combustion chamber.
- it is desirable or advantageous to selectively generate a swirl and/or tumble flow of the gaseous fuel flowing into the combustion chamber for example in the form of hydrogen, in particular using a Einblaseimpulses in combination with the interaction of a so-called Blasjets with the combustion chamber, in particular directly, delimiting combustion chamber walls of the internal combustion engine.
- the aforementioned blow jet is to be understood in particular as follows: In the open position of the valve element, the injector blows out the gaseous fuel, forming at least or exactly one fuel jet, which is the aforementioned blow jet.
- the injector blows out the gaseous fuel while forming a plurality of fuel jets, also referred to as blow jets, particularly when a plurality of outflow openings are provided.
- a multi-hole blow cap arranged centrally in the combustion chamber, the impulse can be increased, which is also an advantage.
- the gaseous fuel flowing through the outflow opening and thereby outflowing through the outflow opening out of the housing, in particular out of the injector as a whole forms the aforementioned blast jet, also referred to as jet or fuel jet.
- a first of the combustion chamber walls mentioned above is, for example, a cylinder wall which, in particular directly, delimits a cylinder of the internal combustion engine.
- the cylinder wall is formed, for example, by a cylinder housing of the internal combustion engine, designed in particular as a cylinder crankcase.
- a second of the combustion chamber walls is formed, for example, by a piston, which is arranged in the cylinder in a translationally movable manner.
- the second combustion chamber wall is a piston bowl of the piston.
- the advantageous formation of the mixture can be realized by using a plurality of outflow openings, also referred to as blowholes, and thus uniform air intake. It is advantageous if the individual jet momentum is as high as possible in order to achieve a sufficiently large jet penetration depth. This is particularly ensured by the design of the valve body according to the invention, due to the reduced flow losses.
- the blowing cap is a flow area which is arranged below the valve element, also referred to as the injection valve, in relation to the opening direction, and, in particular through the outflow opening, gives the gaseous fuel flowing through the outflow opening an advantageous flow, for example an advantageous swirl and/or tumble flow can impress.
- the outwardly opening valve element is usually designed as a simple disk valve, the valve body area of which is designed as a simple valve disk.
- the invention provides a particularly advantageous structural configuration of the valve element and in particular of the valve body area, with the design of the valve body area according to the invention making it possible to keep a so-called blow cap volume particularly low.
- the blow cap volume is to be understood, for example, as the entire volume or internal volume of the second housing area, in particular with the exception of the outflow opening. Since the blow cap volume can be kept particularly small in the case of the invention, an undesirable dead volume can be reduced in comparison to conventional solutions, flow losses can be reduced and undesirable self-ignition in the blow cap, ie in the second housing area, can be prevented. In addition, a particularly advantageous jet direction of the blowing jet can be set by the invention.
- valve element in principle, it is conceivable, particularly in the case of injectors for direct injection of hydrogen, to design the valve element as a valve element that opens inwards, and therefore as a needle that opens inwards. During its movement from the closed position to the open position, the valve element moves away from the second housing area and at least partially into the first housing area. The valve seat would then be at one end of the blow cap.
- this due to thermal boundary conditions in the combustion chamber and in particular during the fired operation of the internal combustion engine, this can lead to sealing problems, which can be avoided by designing the valve element according to the invention as an outwardly opening valve element.
- valve element as simple, outward-opening poppet valve
- the second partial housing area is omitted, so that one end of the poppet valve on the combustion chamber side is then arranged directly in the combustion chamber and is not surrounded by the blower cap, generate the blower jet as an umbrella jet, which does not lead to the generation of an advantageous swirl and/or or tumble flow of the gaseous fuel forming the blow jet.
- a simple poppet valve in a blowing cap causes flow losses, so that the direction of the jet direction is not guaranteed.
- valve body area acts as an advantageous flow guidance geometry, which advantageously and flow-favorably guides the gaseous fuel flowing through the housing areas and thereby the outflow opening or advantageously influences its flow.
- valve body area or the valve element can occupy a particularly large part of the inner volume of the blowing cap or the second housing area, particularly in its open position, whereby the blowing cap volume can be reduced in comparison to conventional solutions.
- the risk of self-ignition can be reduced and the dead volume can be reduced.
- the gaseous fuel flowing through the second partial area can advantageously be guided, in particular in the second housing area.
- at least the partial area of the valve body area has a particularly advantageous shape, also referred to as a valve shape, by means of which the gaseous fuel or its flow can be advantageously guided in the second housing area.
- a particularly advantageous shape also referred to as a valve shape
- the flow losses of the blower cap, ie in the second housing area can be kept particularly low, and when using a plurality of overflow openings or overflow bores, an influence can be avoided.
- the overflow opening or overflow bore is to be understood in particular as the outflow opening mentioned above.
- the invention enables a defined inflow of the overflow opening or overflow bore, which leads to a particularly advantageous and defined jet direction of the gaseous fuel flowing out of the housing, in particular out of the injector as a whole.
- An advantageous twist and/or tumble flow of the gaseous fuel flowing out of the housing or out of the injector as a whole into the combustion chamber can thus be implemented.
- the mixture homogenization can be improved compared to conventional solutions, as a result of which a particularly high specific output of the internal combustion engine can be achieved.
- particularly low-emission operation of the internal combustion engine can be implemented.
- the valve body area occupies at least one third, in particular at least half, of the aforementioned and described interior volume of the second housing area, which occupies the interior volume through which the gaseous fuel can flow in the closed position of the valve element.
- a further embodiment is characterized in that the valve body area is rotationally symmetrical in relation to a central axis of the valve body area running parallel to the direction of movement.
- valve body area is convex at least in the partial area, in particular at least predominantly, and is therefore arched into the second housing area. This ensures that the gaseous fuel is guided in a particularly streamlined manner.
- valve body area is designed in the shape of a spherical segment, at least in the partial area, in particular at least predominantly or completely.
- valve body area is concavely arched at least in the partial area. This allows a particularly streamlined guidance of the gaseous fuel can be guaranteed, so that the latter can be introduced particularly well into the combustion chamber.
- a further embodiment is characterized in that the tapering partial area of the valve body area ends at a wall of the valve body area which forms in particular an end face facing the combustion chamber and whose wall extends in a plane perpendicular to the direction of movement.
- the valve body area is at least partially, in particular at least predominantly or completely, hollow.
- the weight of the valve element can be kept sufficiently low so that the valve element can be moved back and forth between the closed position and the open position with high dynamics, that is to say particularly quickly.
- the gaseous fuel can be introduced particularly well into the combustion chamber.
- valve seat is circular.
- the injector has an electrically operable actuator, ie an electric actuator, by means of which the valve element can be moved from at least one of the positions into the respective other position using electrical energy or electric current.
- the actuator in order to use the actuator to move the valve element from one position to the other position, the actuator is supplied with electrical energy or with electrical current.
- the gaseous fuel can be introduced into the combustion chamber as required.
- One position is preferably the closed position, so that the other position is preferably the open position.
- a second aspect of the invention relates to an internal combustion engine designed as a gas engine, which has at least one injector according to the first aspect of the invention.
- Advantages and advantageous configurations of the first aspect of the invention are to be regarded as advantages and advantageous configurations of the second aspect of the invention and vice versa. Further advantages, features and details of the invention result from the following description of preferred exemplary embodiments and from the drawing.
- the features and combinations of features mentioned above in the description and the features and combinations of features mentioned below in the description of the figures and/or shown alone in the figures can be used not only in the combination specified in each case, but also in other combinations or on their own, without going beyond the scope of the leave invention.
- FIG. 1 shows a detail of a schematic sectional view of an internal combustion engine designed as a gas engine with an injector according to the invention according to a first embodiment
- FIG. 2 shows a detail of a schematic sectional view of the injector according to a second embodiment
- FIG. 3 shows a detail of a schematic sectional view of the injector according to a third embodiment
- FIG. 4 shows a detail of a schematic sectional view of the injector according to a fourth embodiment.
- FIG. 1 shows a detail, in a schematic sectional view, of an internal combustion engine 10 designed as a gas engine, which is designed as a reciprocating piston engine or as a reciprocating piston engine.
- the internal combustion engine 10 is part of a motor vehicle.
- the motor vehicle which is preferably designed as a motor vehicle, in particular as a passenger car or commercial vehicle, has the internal combustion engine in its fully manufactured state and can be driven by means of the internal combustion engine 10 .
- Internal combustion engine 10 includes a cylinder housing 12, which is preferably embodied as a cylinder crankcase and has at least one cylinder 14 means forming or limited.
- the cylinder housing 12 has a cylinder wall 16 as the first combustion chamber wall, with the cylinder 14 being directly delimited by the cylinder wall 16 and thus formed.
- the internal combustion engine 10 includes a housing element 17 which is designed separately from the cylinder housing 12 and is designed, for example, as a cylinder head.
- the case member 17 is connected to the cylinder case 12 .
- the housing element 17 includes or forms a combustion chamber roof 18 which is assigned to the cylinder 14 .
- the internal combustion engine 10 also includes a piston 20 which is accommodated in the cylinder 14 in a translationally movable manner.
- the piston 20, the cylinder 14 and the combustion chamber roof 18 each partially delimit a combustion chamber 22 of the internal combustion engine 10, the piston 20, in particular its piston recess not shown in FIG. 1, having or forming a second combustion chamber wall partially delimiting the combustion chamber.
- Combustion processes take place in combustion chamber 22 during fired operation of internal combustion engine 10 .
- a fuel-air mixture also simply referred to as a mixture
- the mixture includes a gaseous fuel that is introduced into combustion chamber 22 .
- the internal combustion engine 10 is operated in its fired mode by means of the gaseous fuel.
- the gaseous fuel is blown directly into the combustion chamber 22 within a respective working cycle of the internal combustion engine and is thereby introduced into the combustion chamber 22 .
- the mixture also includes air, which is also referred to as fresh air and is introduced into combustion chamber 22 .
- a spark plug is used to ignite the mixture.
- the internal combustion engine is operated according to the Otto engine principle, ie by means of one or the Otto combustion process.
- the internal combustion engine 10 also includes an injector 24 assigned to the combustion chamber 22, by means of which the gaseous fuel can be blown directly into the combustion chamber 22 and thereby introduced.
- injector 24 assigned to the combustion chamber 22, by means of which the gaseous fuel can be blown directly into the combustion chamber 22 and thereby introduced.
- the gaseous fuel is blown directly into combustion chamber 22 by means of injector 24, in particular with the formation of at least or precisely one, also referred to as a blowing jet, and through the fuel flowing out of injector 24 as a whole and thus into the Combustion chamber 22 inflowing, gaseous fuel formed fuel jet.
- the internal combustion engine 10 is a hydrogen engine, so the gaseous fuel is hydrogen.
- the injector 24 has a housing 26 through which the gaseous fuel (hydrogen) can flow, which in the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG.
- the gaseous fuel can be or is discharged from the housing 26 via the outflow opening 28 for introducing the gaseous fuel, in particular for blowing the gaseous fuel directly into the combustion chamber 22 .
- the outflow opening 28 is designed as a bore, so that the outflow opening 28 is also referred to as an outflow bore or overflow bore. It can be seen that the gaseous fuel flowing through the housing 26 can be discharged as a whole from the housing 26 and from the injector 24 via the outflow opening 28 and can thus be blown directly into the combustion chamber 22 .
- the injector 24, in particular the housing 26, also has a valve seat 30. In the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 1, valve seat 30 is formed by housing 26 .
- the valve seat 30 is formed by a first housing element 32 of the housing 26 , it being conceivable for the housing 26 to have a second housing element 34 which, for example, is formed separately from the housing element 32 and is connected to the housing element 32 .
- the housing elements 32 and 34 are connected to one another in such a way that the housing elements 32 and 34 are fixed to one another, which means that relative movements between the housing elements 32 and 34 are avoided.
- the housing 26, in particular the housing element 32 has a through-flow opening 36, also referred to as a through-opening, around which the valve seat 30 extends completely in the circumferential direction of the housing 26 and thus in the circumferential direction of the through-flow opening 36.
- the valve seat 30 and thus the flow opening 36 are circular.
- the injector 24 also has a valve element 38, simply referred to as a valve, which moves along a direction of movement illustrated in Fig. 1 by a double arrow 40 relative to the housing 26 and thus relative to the housing elements 32 and 34 and relative to the valve seat 30 between a closed position and at least or exactly one open position shown in FIG. 1 is at least or exclusively movable in translation.
- the closed position is also referred to as the first position, with the open position being referred to as the second position.
- the housing 26 has a first housing area 42 and a second housing area 44 , the housing areas 42 and 44 being able to be flowed through by the gaseous fuel flowing through the housing 26 .
- housing area 42 is arranged beyond valve seat 30 or throughflow opening 36 , housing area 44 being arranged on this side of valve seat 30 or throughflow opening 36 .
- the valve element 38 in particular a valve body 46 of the valve element 38, sits on the valve seat 30, as a result of which the flow opening 36 is fluidically blocked by means of the valve element 38, in particular by means of the valve body 46, whereby the housing regions 42 and 44 are fluidically separated from one another .
- the housing area 44 has the outflow opening 28 .
- the outflow opening 28 opens out on one side or at one end into or onto an area surrounding the injector 24 as a whole and thereby into the combustion chamber 22 .
- the outflow opening 28 opens into the housing 26 and thereby into the housing area 44.
- the gaseous fuel cannot flow from the housing region 42 into the housing region 44 and thus not through the outflow opening 28, so that in the closed position of the valve element 38 the gaseous fuel can flow out of the housing 26 and in particular out of the injector 24 omitted altogether.
- the injector 24 does not introduce, in particular blow, the gaseous fuel into the combustion chamber 22.
- valve element 38 releases the throughflow opening 36 so that in the open position of the valve element 38 the housing regions 42 and 44 are fluidically connected to one another via the throughflow opening 36 .
- the gaseous fuel can flow through housing regions 42 and 44 and through outflow opening 28, so that when valve element 38 of injector 24 is in the open position, the gaseous fuel blows out or can blow out.
- the gaseous fuel is blown directly into the combustion chamber 22 by means of the injector 24 .
- the housing areas 42 and 44 gaseous fuel flowing through can be removed via the outflow opening 48 from the housing 26 and thereby from the injector 24 as a whole.
- Fig. 1 shows a first embodiment of the injector 24.
- the valve element 38 whose movement from the closed position to the open position can be moved at least partially into the second housing region 44 .
- the valve element 38 is moved relative to the housing 26 and thus relative to the valve seat 30 at least or exclusively in a translatory manner in a direction parallel to the direction of movement and in Fig.
- Valve element 38 is thus a valve element that opens outwards, although valve element 38, in particular its end region E on the combustion chamber side formed in particular by valve body 46, is arranged in both positions within housing 26 and thereby in second housing region 44. Furthermore, in the first embodiment, it is provided that the valve element 38 has a valve body region 50, which is arranged in both positions in the second housing region 44 and is formed by the valve body 46 more than half or fully arched. In the first embodiment, the valve body area 50 is convexly arched and thereby arched into the second housing area 44, with the valve body area 50 being designed in the shape of a spherical segment.
- second housing region 44 In the closed position of valve element 38, second housing region 44 has an interior volume through which the gaseous fuel can flow, with valve body region 50 occupying at least a third, in particular at least half, of the interior volume of second housing region 44 in the closed position. As a result, a dead volume can be kept particularly low.
- Injector concepts with inwardly opening or outwardly opening nozzle needles are known. In both injector concepts, however, a high closing force is applied by a hydraulic system in order to keep leakage as low as possible. Electrically controlled or operable injectors can do this not realize high closing forces, so that the valve seat 30 should be particularly protected against roughness and thermal distortion. This is possible because the valve seat 30 is located in the housing 26 .
- the housing region 44 is at least partially, in particular at least predominantly and thus more than half and very preferably completely, delimited or formed, in particular directly, by a blow cap region 52 of the housing 26, also referred to as a blow cap.
- the blow cap area 52 is formed or delimited by the housing element 34, which can be designed in one piece.
- the blower cap, and therefore the blower cap area 52 is used to shape the jet, and therefore to form the aforementioned fuel jet (blast jet).
- the blower cap has exactly one outflow opening 28 which can impress a shape on the gaseous fuel flowing through the outflow opening 28 or on the fuel jet formed by the gaseous fuel.
- the injector 24, in particular the blowing cap has a plurality of outflow openings 28, for example designed as bores. Since the valve body area 50 is arranged in the housing area 44 in both positions, the valve body area 50 or the valve element 38 is set back in relation to the outflow opening 28 and in the housing 26 . In this way, an excessive, in particular thermal, load on the valve seat 30 can be avoided.
- the injector 24 is preferably an electrically controlled and electrically operable injector. This means that an electrically operable actuator is preferably provided, by means of which the valve element 38 can be moved at least from one of the positions into the other position using electrical energy or electric current.
- blowing cap space Due to the design, there is usually a relatively large blowing cap space, which is to be understood as meaning the aforementioned inner volume of the housing region 44 .
- the blower cap space represents a volume which is separated or delimited from the actual combustion chamber 22 except for the outflow opening 28 or the outflow openings.
- increases in a temperature in the blast cap space relative to combustion chamber 22 are possible. This presents the risk of self-ignition in the bubble cap space. While blowing in the Gaseous fuel results in large velocity gradients in the bubble cap space, which can sometimes lead to parasitic vortex structures.
- the valve body region 50 is provided as a curved structure, in particular a convex structure.
- the valve body area 50 thus functions as a jet-shaping cap, by means of which the gaseous fuel can be guided in a particularly advantageous and streamlined manner.
- the gaseous fuel flows through the housing areas 42 and 44, the gaseous fuel flowing against the valve body area 50 and flowing around it. Due to the corresponding configuration of the valve body area 50, the gaseous fuel can be guided in a particularly streamlined manner.
- valve element 38 is therefore not designed as a simple disk valve with a simple valve disk as the valve body 46, but the valve body 46 or its valve body region 50 is in the form of a spherical segment in the first embodiment and is therefore designed as a curved structure.
- the valve body 46 or the valve body area 50 is a stream-shaping cap that is optimized in terms of flow, which significantly reduces the free volume in the blower cap space compared to conventional solutions and leads to an advantageously directed flow of gaseous fuel through the rest of the blower cap space.
- valve element 38 is extended below a conventionally provided valve disk in order to optimize the flow into the blower cap, thus protruding into the housing area 44, in order to thereby define the gaseous fuel or its flow in the blower cap and at the same time to reduce the particular free blower cap volume.
- the free blowing cap volume is to be understood in particular as the volume in which the valve element 38 is not arranged in the open position.
- valve element 38 also referred to as an injection valve, sufficiently low and thus to be able to ensure sufficiently high dynamics of valve element 38
- the valve body 46 has a cavity 54 in its interior.
- the valve element 38 includes the valve body 46 and a stem 56. The stem 56 and the valve body 46 may be integrally formed with each other.
- valve body 46 is of hollow design
- shaft 56 and the valve body 46 are in the form of components which are designed separately from one another and are connected to one another.
- the valve body 46 and thus the valve body region 50 is connected by welding, in particular by laser welding, to the shaft 56 or to an injection valve blank.
- valve body area 50 is convex and thus arched away from the housing area 44, the valve body area 50 also being able to be designed in the shape of a spherical segment.
- Fig. 3 shows a third embodiment of the injector 24.
- the valve body area 50 is conical or frustoconical in shape, such that the valve body area 50 points away from the valve seat 30 and thus in the direction illustrated by the arrow 48 opening direction , in particular continuously or successively, tapers.
- a partial area T of the valve body area 50 tapers in the opening direction, the partial area T of the valve body area 50 tapering in the opening direction ending at a wall 58 of the valve body area 50, the wall 58 of which runs in a plane that extends perpendicularly to the direction of movement.
- the wall 58 is planar when viewed outwards or in the opening direction.
- valve body region 50 is rotationally symmetrical in relation to a longitudinal center axis L running parallel to the direction of movement or coinciding with the direction of movement.
- the gaseous fuel can be guided in a particularly streamlined manner.
- FIG. 4 shows the injector 24 according to a fourth specific embodiment in a schematic sectional view.
- the injector 24 has a plurality of outflow openings 28 , for example at least or exactly 10 or a different number.
- an optimization of the dead water space in the blow cap space can be achieved.
- combustion chamber roof 20 piston 22 combustion chamber 24 injector 26 housing 28 outflow opening 30 valve seat 32 housing element 34 housing element 36 flow opening 38 valve element 40 double arrow 42 first housing area 44 second housing area 46 valve body 48 arrow 50 valve body area 52 blow cap area 54 cavity 56 shaft 58 wall E end area L longitudinal center axis T partial area
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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CN202180079956.3A CN116568919A (zh) | 2020-11-30 | 2021-09-29 | 用于将气态燃料送入尤其是直喷入内燃机燃烧室的喷射器以及燃气发动机 |
US18/254,824 US20240035431A1 (en) | 2020-11-30 | 2021-09-29 | Injector for Introducing, in Particular for Directly Injecting Gaseous Fuel into a Combustion Chamber of an Internal Combustion Chamber, and Gas Engine |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE102020007299.2 | 2020-11-30 | ||
DE102020007299.2A DE102020007299B4 (de) | 2020-11-30 | 2020-11-30 | lnjektor zum Einbringen, insbesondere zum direkten Einblasen, von gasförmigem Kraftstoff in einen Brennraum einer Verbrennungskraftmaschine, sowie Gasmotor |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2022111886A1 true WO2022111886A1 (de) | 2022-06-02 |
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Family Applications (1)
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PCT/EP2021/076750 WO2022111886A1 (de) | 2020-11-30 | 2021-09-29 | Injektor zum einbringen, insbesondere zum direkten einblasen, von gasförmigem kraftstoff in einen brennraum einer verbrennungskraftmaschine, sowie gasmotor |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US20240035431A1 (de) |
CN (1) | CN116568919A (de) |
DE (1) | DE102020007299B4 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2022111886A1 (de) |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE10020719A1 (de) * | 1999-04-30 | 2001-02-22 | Caterpillar Inc | Reaktionskammerrückschlagventil und Gasbrennstoffmotor, der dieses verwendet |
EP1195203A2 (de) | 2000-10-05 | 2002-04-10 | Alstom (Switzerland) Ltd | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur elektrostatischen Zerstäubung eines flüssigen Mediums |
DE102014212339A1 (de) * | 2014-06-26 | 2015-12-31 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Injektor, insbesondere Einblasinjektor für gasförmige Kraftstoffe |
DE102014224344A1 (de) * | 2014-11-28 | 2016-06-02 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Gasinjektor mit nach außen öffnendem Ventilschließelement |
DE102017213737A1 (de) | 2017-08-08 | 2019-02-14 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Injektor für gasförmige Kraftstoffe |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP3015699B1 (de) | 2014-10-31 | 2018-12-05 | Winterthur Gas & Diesel AG | Gaszuführsystem mit einem Kontrollsystem und Zylinder für eine Hubkolbenbrennkraftmaschine, Hubkolbenbrennkraftmaschine, sowie Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Hubkolbenbrennkraftmaschine |
DE102017219932A1 (de) | 2017-11-09 | 2019-05-09 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Injektor zur Eindüsung von gasförmigem Kraftstoff |
DE102018211401A1 (de) | 2018-07-10 | 2020-01-16 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Injektor zur Eindüsung von gasförmigen Kraftstoff |
-
2020
- 2020-11-30 DE DE102020007299.2A patent/DE102020007299B4/de active Active
-
2021
- 2021-09-29 WO PCT/EP2021/076750 patent/WO2022111886A1/de active Application Filing
- 2021-09-29 US US18/254,824 patent/US20240035431A1/en active Pending
- 2021-09-29 CN CN202180079956.3A patent/CN116568919A/zh active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE10020719A1 (de) * | 1999-04-30 | 2001-02-22 | Caterpillar Inc | Reaktionskammerrückschlagventil und Gasbrennstoffmotor, der dieses verwendet |
EP1195203A2 (de) | 2000-10-05 | 2002-04-10 | Alstom (Switzerland) Ltd | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur elektrostatischen Zerstäubung eines flüssigen Mediums |
DE102014212339A1 (de) * | 2014-06-26 | 2015-12-31 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Injektor, insbesondere Einblasinjektor für gasförmige Kraftstoffe |
DE102014224344A1 (de) * | 2014-11-28 | 2016-06-02 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Gasinjektor mit nach außen öffnendem Ventilschließelement |
DE102017213737A1 (de) | 2017-08-08 | 2019-02-14 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Injektor für gasförmige Kraftstoffe |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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DE102020007299A1 (de) | 2022-06-02 |
CN116568919A (zh) | 2023-08-08 |
DE102020007299B4 (de) | 2022-10-20 |
US20240035431A1 (en) | 2024-02-01 |
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