WO2022097534A1 - 車両速度算出装置及び車両速度算出方法 - Google Patents
車両速度算出装置及び車両速度算出方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022097534A1 WO2022097534A1 PCT/JP2021/039447 JP2021039447W WO2022097534A1 WO 2022097534 A1 WO2022097534 A1 WO 2022097534A1 JP 2021039447 W JP2021039447 W JP 2021039447W WO 2022097534 A1 WO2022097534 A1 WO 2022097534A1
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- speed
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- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001052 transient effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01P—MEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
- G01P3/00—Measuring linear or angular speed; Measuring differences of linear or angular speeds
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
- B61L25/00—Recording or indicating positions or identities of vehicles or trains or setting of track apparatus
- B61L25/02—Indicating or recording positions or identities of vehicles or trains
- B61L25/021—Measuring and recording of train speed
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
- B60L3/0023—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train
- B60L3/0038—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train relating to sensors
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
- B60L3/10—Indicating wheel slip ; Correction of wheel slip
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01P—MEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
- G01P3/00—Measuring linear or angular speed; Measuring differences of linear or angular speeds
- G01P3/42—Devices characterised by the use of electric or magnetic means
- G01P3/50—Devices characterised by the use of electric or magnetic means for measuring linear speed
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2200/00—Type of vehicles
- B60L2200/26—Rail vehicles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
- B60L2240/10—Vehicle control parameters
- B60L2240/12—Speed
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
- B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
- B60L2240/46—Drive Train control parameters related to wheels
- B60L2240/461—Speed
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
- B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
- B60L2240/48—Drive Train control parameters related to transmissions
- B60L2240/486—Operating parameters
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a vehicle speed calculation device and a vehicle speed calculation method for calculating the traveling speed of a railway vehicle.
- a shaft speed sensor is generally used as a method for detecting the traveling speed of a railway vehicle.
- the shaft speed sensor can be installed on the axle of the vehicle to generate a speed pulse according to the number of rotations of the axle, and the traveling speed is calculated by using the speed pulse and the wheel diameter.
- the shaft speed sensor is inexpensive and highly accurate, but on the other hand, since the traveling speed is calculated from the rotation speed of the axle, if the wheel falls into a non-adhesive state such as slipping or sliding, the vehicle is accurate. It becomes difficult to calculate the speed.
- non-contact speed sensors such as Doppler speed sensors using the Doppler effect and GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) using positioning satellites are being used.
- This non-contact speed sensor is not affected by the adhesive state of the wheel, but on the other hand, it is often disadvantageous in terms of accuracy and cost as compared with the axial speed sensor. Therefore, the non-contact speed sensor and the shaft speed sensor are often used in combination.
- Patent Document 1 states that a mileage obtained from an axial speed sensor and a mileage obtained by GNSS are compared, and when the difference becomes large, a failure, slipping or slipping occurs. The technique for determining is disclosed.
- the speed calculation device of a railroad vehicle breaks down, not only the broken down vehicle will be stopped, but also the entire line section on which the broken down vehicle is running will be greatly affected. Therefore, if the reliability of the speed calculation device is to be improved by making the devices constituting the speed calculation device redundant, the non-contact speed sensor is expensive, and the redundancy by using a plurality of devices is not necessary. There is a problem that it cannot be easily realized from the viewpoint of cost.
- one of the representative vehicle speed calculation devices includes at least two shaft speed sensors for detecting the number of rotations of the axle of a railroad vehicle per unit time, and a line.
- a non-contact speed sensor that non-contactly detects the speed of a railroad vehicle, and a sensor that receives at least two first detection values detected by the shaft speed sensor and a second detection value detected by the non-contact speed sensor.
- the estimated speed calculation unit Based on the receiving unit, the estimated speed calculation unit that calculates the current estimated speed of the railway vehicle from the latest vehicle speed and acceleration of the railway vehicle, and at least two first detection values, the second detection value, and the estimated speed.
- It comprises a speed determination unit that determines the vehicle speed, and the speed determination unit has at least two first detection values calculated from at least two first detection values based on the sticky or non-adhesive state of the wheel equipped with the axial speed sensor.
- the vehicle speed is determined by selecting a required speed from the speed of the vehicle, the second speed calculated from the second detected value, and the estimated speed.
- a vehicle speed calculation device that can accurately detect a vehicle speed and can continue operation even if one speed sensor fails while suppressing an increase in cost. Issues, configurations and effects other than those described above will be clarified by the description in the "mode for carrying out the invention" described below.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a basic configuration of a vehicle speed calculation device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
- the basic configuration of the vehicle speed calculation device according to the first embodiment is two axes mounted on the vehicle (1-1) for detecting the number of rotations of the axles (1-2) and (1-4) per unit time.
- the speed of the vehicle (1-1) is detected in a non-contact manner with the track without using the speed sensors (1-3) and (1-5), and the rotation speeds of the axles (1-2) and (1-4).
- the speed calculator (1-7) receives the detected values from the axial speed sensors (1-3) and (1-5) and the non-contact speed sensor (1-6), and calculates the speed for each sensor.
- Sensor receiving unit (1-8) estimated speed calculation unit (1-9) that calculates the current estimated speed from the latest vehicle speed, and sensor receiving unit (1-8) and estimated speed calculation unit (1-9).
- a speed determination unit (1-10) that determines the vehicle speed based on the speed information obtained from.
- non-contact speed sensor (1-6) As the non-contact speed sensor (1-6), a Doppler sensor, a millimeter wave sensor, an acceleration sensor, a GNSS sensor, or the like is generally used.
- the shaft speed sensors (1-3) and (1-5) that can directly detect the rotation speeds of the axles (1-2) and (1-4) are the non-contact speed sensors (1-5).
- the accuracy of speed detection is higher than 1-6).
- the wheels (1-11) and (1-12) are in a non-adhesive state such as slipping or sliding, there is a large discrepancy between the vehicle speed and the rotation speeds of the axles (1-2) and (1-4). Therefore, the speed calculated from the shaft speed sensors (1-3) and (1-5) and the actual vehicle speed can also deviate from each other.
- the non-contact speed sensor (1-6) is inferior to the axial speed sensors (1-3) and (1-5) in terms of measurement accuracy, but as described above, the wheels (1-11) and (1).
- the vehicle speed that does not depend on the state of -12) can be detected.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a flowchart of vehicle speed calculation executed by the speed calculator (1-7).
- the processing contents of each step will be described with reference to this flowchart.
- step (3-1) the sensor receiving unit (1-8) receives each input value from the axial speed sensor (1-3) and (1-5) and the non-contact speed sensor (1-6). Based on this, the vehicle speed is calculated for each sensor.
- the wheels (1-11) and (1-11) and ( The vehicle speed can be calculated by (2 ⁇ ⁇ r ⁇ n) / (N ⁇ t) [m / s], where the radius of 1-12) is r [m].
- a non-contact speed sensor there is a type in which this sensor reports the moving speed directly, and a type in which the coordinate point at the time of measurement is reported like GNSS.
- the distance traveled within a certain short time is considered to be a linear motion and can be calculated from the movement amount of the coordinate points, and the velocity can be calculated by dividing the movement distance by the movement time.
- the calculation of the vehicle speed for each sensor is processed by the sensor receiving unit (1-8), but the present invention is not limited to this, and the sensor receiving unit (1-8) uses the detection value for each sensor.
- the configuration may be such that the vehicle is received and output to the speed determination unit (1-10) as it is, and the speed determination unit (1-10) calculates the vehicle speed for each sensor from the detection value for each sensor.
- the speed determination unit (1-10) determines the vehicle speed for each sensor from the sensor receiving unit (1-8) and the estimated speed from the estimated speed calculation unit (1-9). Receive.
- step (3-3) the speed determination unit (1-10) is the wheel (1-11) or (1-12) on which the axial speed sensor (1-3) or (1-5) is installed. It is determined whether the state is an adhesive state or a non-adhesive state (idling / sliding state).
- the acceleration is obtained from the speed change of the axial speed sensor within a certain time
- the idling state is detected when the acceleration of a certain value or more is detected
- the sliding state is detected when the deceleration of a certain value or more is detected. It is possible to judge that it is in.
- the idling / sliding state may be obtained from an external device such as a BCU (brake control unit) or a drive device that directly controls the brake.
- step (3-3) It is determined that all the wheels (1-11) and (1-12) on which the axial speed sensors (1-3) and (1-5) are installed are in an adhesive state (both are in an adhesive state).
- the speed determination unit (1-10) is calculated from the two axial speed sensors (1-3) and (1-5) and the non-contact speed sensor (1-6). Compare each speed. When the speed difference between the sensors exceeds a predetermined specified value, the value obtained from those sensors is not used for calculating the vehicle speed.
- This predetermined specified value can be set to a value obtained by adding the speed tolerance calculated from the shaft speed sensor including the wheel diameter tolerance and the speed tolerance calculated from the non-contact speed sensor. Conceivable.
- step (3-5) If the comparison result in step (3-4A) shows that the speed difference between the vehicle speeds from the two or more sensors is within a predetermined specified value range (that is, they match), step (3-5). ), Priority is given to any of the values from the matching sensors as the vehicle speed.
- FIG. 3 as a method of giving priority to the most accurate axial speed among the sensors used and setting the vehicle speed, "(axial speed priority)" is shown in parentheses. However, the method is not limited to this method, and a method of giving priority to the fastest speed as the vehicle speed may be used in consideration of safety.
- step (3-6) the vehicle speed calculated in step (3-5) is passed to the estimated speed calculation unit (1-9), and the estimated speed calculation unit (1-9) is used for the next time. Calculate the estimated speed for speed calculation.
- the calculation of this estimated speed by the estimated speed calculation unit (1-9) is not limited to step (3-6), and the previously calculated vehicle speed is used before step (3-2). It may be calculated by
- step (3-4B) Either wheel 1 (1-11) or wheel 2 (1-12) on which the axial speed sensors (1-3) and (1-5) are installed is in an adhesive state, and the remaining one is not.
- the speed determining unit (1-10) is calculated from the axial speed sensor and the non-contact speed sensor (1-6) on the adhesive side, respectively. Compare speed with estimated speed. If the speed difference between the speed of one of the sensors used for comparison and the estimated speed exceeds a predetermined specified value, the value of that sensor is not used for calculating the vehicle speed.
- step (3-5) By comparison in step (3-4B), if the speed difference between the vehicle speeds from the two sensors is within the specified specified value range (that is, they match), in step (3-5). , Any of the values from the matching sensors is given priority as the vehicle speed. At this time, instead of using the estimated speed value, as in (a) above, consider the method of giving priority to the most accurate sensor among the sensors used and setting the vehicle speed, and safety. A method such as giving priority to the fastest speed as the vehicle speed is used.
- Step (3-4C) In the speed determination unit (1-10), the time during which both wheels (1-11) and (1-12) remain in the non-adhesive state (idling / sliding state) is within the specified time. Find out if it exists.
- the non-adhesive state of the wheels is usually a transient state, it is not a normal state to last for a long time, and both wheels (1-11) and (1-12) are non-adhesive.
- both the axial speed sensors (1-3) and (1-5) become unusable. Therefore, only the non-contact speed sensor (1-6) and the estimated speed are used, and long-term use is not preferable in terms of accuracy. Therefore, if the non-adhesive state is outside the specified time, step (3-9). ).
- the above-mentioned specified time may be the maximum time during which the vehicle may be in a non-adhesive state, but the specified time is determined by vehicle characteristics such as braking force and weight. Further, instead of a constant value, the specified time may be changed depending on the time of acceleration or deceleration. If the non-adhesive state is within the specified time, the process proceeds to step (3-7).
- step (3-7) the speed determination unit (1-10) compares the speed calculated from the non-contact speed sensor (1-6) with the estimated speed. By this comparison, the speed determination unit (1-10) calculates the speed difference between the speed calculated from the non-contact speed sensor (1-6) and the estimated speed from the non-contact speed sensor (1-6). If the speed is within the range of the speed tolerance, the value from the non-contact speed sensor (1-6) is set as the vehicle speed in step (3-5). On the other hand, if it is out of this tolerance range (a failure of the non-contact speed sensor (1-6) is assumed), in step (3-8), the speed determination unit (1-10) , Let the estimated speed be the vehicle speed.
- step (3-9) When the time when both wheels (1-11) and (1-12) are in the non-adhesive state (idling / sliding state) is out of the specified time, in step (3-9), the speed determination unit (1-10) is determined to be a failure and measures such as stopping the system are taken.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram schematically showing how a vehicle (1-1) traveling at a constant speed applies a brake and decelerates at a constant acceleration.
- FIGS. 5 to 7 are diagrams showing the results calculated by the present invention with respect to the speed of the vehicle (1-1) shown in FIG. As mentioned above, if the vehicle brakes while traveling, its wheels (1-11) and (1-12) may slip.
- FIG. 5 shows the wheels (1-11) with the axle speed sensor (1-3) attached to the axle (1-2) from the time the vehicle (1-1) brakes is applied to the time the vehicle (1-1) starts decelerating to the time it stops. It is a figure which shows the calculation result when the wheel (1-12) which attached the shaft speed sensor (1-5) to the axle (1-4), and the wheel (1-12) both kept the adhesive state.
- the speed calculator (1-) In 7 since the wheels (1-11) and (1-12) do not slide or slip from the start of deceleration (5-1) to the stop of the vehicle (5-2), the speed calculator (1-) In 7), the speed based on the values of the highly accurate shaft speed sensors (1-3) and (1-5) is calculated as the vehicle speed. In this case, even if one of the three of the shaft speed sensor 1 (1-3), the shaft speed sensor 2 (1-5), and the non-contact speed sensor (1-6) fails, the remaining Since the two are functioning normally, the flow chart shown in FIG. 3 does not change, and the function and accuracy can be maintained.
- FIG. 6 shows the wheels (1-11) and (1) provided with the axial speed sensors (1-3) and (1-5) from the time the vehicle (1-1) brakes is applied to the time the vehicle (1-1) starts decelerating to the time it stops. It is a figure which shows the calculation result when either one of -12) slides or slips and becomes a non-adhesive state, and the rest keeps an adhesive state.
- the wheel 1 (1-11) to which the axial speed sensor 1 (1-3) is attached is the point (6-11) between the start of deceleration (6-1) and the stop of the vehicle (6-4). It will be in a state of gliding in the section from 2) to the point (6-3). Therefore, in the section from the point (6-2) to the point (6-3), the velocity obtained from the axial velocity sensor 1 (1-3) has a large meandering value as shown by the alternate long and short dash line in FIG. Shows.
- step (3-4B) the speed obtained from the axial speed sensor 1 (1-3) is excluded from the vehicle speed calculation.
- the axial speed sensor 2 (1-5) is shown by the two-dot chain line in FIG. 6 (characteristics almost the same as the solid line in the figure). The speed obtained from does not meander.
- the speed calculator (1-7) uses the speed based on the value of the shaft speed sensor 2 (1-5), which is more accurate than the non-contact speed sensor (1-6), as the vehicle speed (FIG. 3). Step (3-5)).
- the vehicle speed calculated from the shaft speed sensor 2 (1-5) is not calculated in step (3-4B) of FIG. Since the speed does not match the speed calculated by the contact speed sensor (1-6) and also does not match the estimated speed, it cannot be the vehicle speed. Therefore, the value of the non-contact speed sensor (1-6) is determined as the vehicle speed.
- the vehicle speed calculated from the non-contact speed sensor (1-6) is calculated by the axial speed sensor 2 (3-4B) in step (3-4B) of FIG.
- the speed does not match the speed calculated from 1-5), and the estimated speed also does not match.
- the range comparison between the axial speed sensor 2 (1-5) and the estimated speed is the same, the function and accuracy can be maintained.
- FIG. 7 shows the wheels (1-11) and (1) provided with the axial speed sensors (1-3) and (1-5) from the time the vehicle (1-1) brakes is applied to the time the vehicle (1-1) starts decelerating to the time it stops. It is a figure which shows the calculation result in the case of sliding or slipping (non-adhesive state) in both of -12).
- the wheel 1 (1-11) is in the section from the point (7-2) to the point (7-4).
- 2 (1-12) is in the section from the point (7-3) to the point (7-5), and each is in a gliding state.
- the wheel 1 (1-11) and the wheel 2 (1-12) are sliding together.
- the velocities obtained from the axial speed sensor 1 (1-3) and the axial speed sensor 2 (1-5) show large meandering values. ..
- step (3-3) of FIG. 3 the values from both axial speed sensors are excluded from the vehicle speed calculation.
- the speed obtained from the non-contact speed sensor (1-6) does not depend on the adhesive / non-adhesive state of the wheels, so the speed calculator (1-7) uses this value as the vehicle speed. ..
- the speed determination unit In (1-10) determines that the failure has occurred and takes measures such as stopping the system.
- the vehicle speed calculation using the vehicle speed calculation device has been described assuming the case where two axle speed sensors are provided on the axle, but the description is not limited to this case, and 2 There may be more than one. However, if the number of axial speed sensors is increased, the risk of the wheels becoming non-adhesive can be reduced, but the processing mode for determining the final vehicle speed from the increase in cost including vehicle fitting and maintenance and the majority vote. Will be complicated.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a basic configuration of a vehicle speed calculation device according to a second embodiment of the present invention. The difference from the first embodiment is that the shaft speed sensor 1 (2-3) and the shaft speed sensor 2 (2-4) are attached to the same axle (2-2).
- the axial speed sensors are attached to different axles as in the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1, since the axial speed sensors are installed at spatially separated positions, failure due to common factors such as stepping stones is prevented. be able to. Further, as long as the two wheels (1-11) and (1-12) do not fall into a non-adhesive state, the axial speed sensor can be used and the detection accuracy can be maintained.
- the processing content itself according to the second embodiment is the same as that of the first embodiment, but the axle speed sensor 1 (2-3) and the shaft speed sensor 2 (2-4) have the same axle (2-2). Since it is attached to the step (3-3) in FIG. 3, it does not occur when branching from the step (3-3) to the step (3-4B) side.
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Abstract
Description
前記した以外の課題、構成及び効果は、以下に記す「発明を実施するための形態」における説明により明らかにされる。
実施例1に係る車両速度算出装置の基本構成は、車両(1-1)に搭載された、車軸(1-2)と(1-4)の単位時間あたりの回転数を検出する2つの軸速度センサ(1-3)と(1-5)、車軸(1-2)や(1-4)の回転数を用いずに線路とは非接触に車両(1-1)の速度を検出する非接触式速度センサ(1-6)、及び、軸速度センサ(1-3)と(1-5)の出力及び非接触式速度センサ(1-6)の出力から車両速度を算出する速度算出器(1-7)、から構成される。
図3は、速度算出器(1-7)が実行処理する車両速度算出のフローチャートを示す図である。以下、このフローチャートに沿って、各ステップの処理内容を説明する。
(a)軸速度センサ(1-3)と(1-5)が設置された全ての車輪(1-11)と(1-12)が粘着状態(2つ共に粘着状態)にあると判断された場合
ステップ(3-4A)にて、速度決定部(1-10)は、2つの軸速度センサ(1-3)と(1-5)及び非接触式速度センサ(1-6)から算出した各々の速度を比較する。各センサ相互の速度差が所定の規定値を超えた場合、それらセンサから得た値を車両速度の算出には使用しない。この所定の規定値は、車輪径の公差を含めた軸速度センサから算出される速度の公差と、非接触式速度センサから算出される速度の公差とを足した値に設定するなどの方法が考えられる。
ステップ(3-4B)にて、速度決定部(1-10)は、粘着している側の軸速度センサ及び非接触式速度センサ(1-6)から各々算出した速度と推定速度とを比較する。比較に供する一方のセンサの速度と推定速度との速度差が、所定の規定値を超えた場合、そのセンサの値は車両速度の算出には使用しない。
ステップ(3-4C)にて、速度決定部(1-10)は、両方の車輪(1-11)と(1-12)が非粘着状態(空転/滑走の状態)を継続している時間が、規定時間内であるか否かを調べる。
非粘着状態が規定時間内の場合には、ステップ(3-7)へ進む。
図4は、ある一定速度で走行中の車両(1-1)がブレーキをかけ、一定の加速度で減速する様子を模式的に示す図である。
・軸速度センサ1(1-3)が故障した場合、図3のステップ(3-3)にて非粘着状態の車輪に設置された軸速度センサ(ここでは、軸速度センサ1(1-3))は速度算出の入力条件から外されているため、図3のフローチャートの流れは変わらず、機能及び精度を保つことができる。
・軸速度センサ1(1-3)もしくは軸速度センサ2(1-5)が故障した場合、図3のステップ(3-3)にて、非粘着状態の車輪に設置された軸速度センサは速度算出の入力条件から外されているため、図3のフローチャートの流れは変わらず、機能及び精度を保つことができる。
図2は、本発明の実施例2に係る車両速度算出装置の基本構成を示す図である。軸速度センサ1(2-3)と軸速度センサ2(2-4)とを、同じ車軸(2-2)に取り付けて構成している点が、実施例1と異なる点である。
Claims (12)
- 鉄道車両の車軸の単位時間当たりの回転数を検出する少なくとも2個の軸速度センサと、
線路とは非接触に前記鉄道車両の速度を検出する非接触式速度センサと、
前記軸速度センサが検出した少なくとも2つの第1の検出値及び前記非接触式速度センサが検出した第2の検出値を受信するセンサ受信部と、
前記鉄道車両の直近の車両速度及び加速度より前記鉄道車両の現時点の推定速度を算出する推定速度算出部と、
前記少なくとも2つの第1の検出値、前記第2の検出値及び前記推定速度に基づいて車両速度を決定する速度決定部と
を備え、
前記速度決定部は、
前記軸速度センサを備える車輪の粘着または非粘着の状態に基づいて、前記少なくとも2つの第1の検出値から算出した少なくとも2つの第1の速度、前記第2の検出値から算出した第2の速度及び前記推定速度から、所要の速度を選択して前記車両速度を決定する
ことを特徴とする車両速度算出装置。 - 請求項1に記載の車両速度算出装置であって、
前記速度決定部は、
前記軸速度センサを備える車輪の粘着または非粘着の状態に基づいて、前記少なくとも2つの第1の速度、前記第2の速度及び前記推定速度から選択した3つの速度を多数決により比較し、多数側となる速度を前記車両速度に決定する
ことを特徴とする車両速度算出装置。 - 請求項2に記載の車両速度算出装置であって、
前記速度決定部は、
前記軸速度センサを備える車輪が非粘着状態にある場合に、当該軸速度センサが検出した前記第1の検出値から算出した前記第1の速度を前記多数決による比較から除外する
ことを特徴とする車両速度算出装置。 - 請求項3に記載の車両速度算出装置であって、
前記速度決定部は、
前記軸速度センサを備える車輪が全て非粘着状態にある場合に、前記第2の速度と前記推定速度との比較を行い、両方の速度差が、前記非接触式速度センサから算出される速度の公差の範囲内であれば、前記第2の速度を前記車両速度に決定し、前記公差の範囲外であれば、前記推定速度を前記車両速度に決定する
ことを特徴とする車両速度算出装置。 - 請求項3または4に記載の車両速度算出装置であって、
前記速度決定部は、
前記軸速度センサを備える車輪が全て非粘着状態にあり、かつ、当該非粘着状態が所定時間を超える場合には、故障と判断する
ことを特徴とする車両速度算出装置。 - 請求項1から5のいずれか1項に記載の車両速度算出装置であって、
前記速度決定部は、
前記少なくとも2つの第1の速度、前記第2の速度及び前記推定速度から選択した3つの速度が不一致である場合には、前記軸速度センサまたは前記非接触式速度センサを故障として判断する
ことを特徴とする車両速度算出装置。 - 請求項1から6のいずれか1項に記載の車両速度算出装置であって、
前記推定速度算出部は、前記鉄道車両の走行を等加速度運動とみなして前記推定速度を算出する
ことを特徴とする車両速度算出装置。 - 請求項1から7のいずれか1項に記載の車両速度算出装置であって、
2個の前記軸速度センサを同一の前記車軸に取り付ける
ことを特徴とする車両速度算出装置。 - 鉄道車両の車軸の単位時間当たりの回転数を検出する少なくとも2個の軸速度センサが検出する少なくとも2つの第1の検出値から少なくとも2つの第1の速度を算出し、
線路とは非接触に前記鉄道車両の速度を検出する非接触式速度センサが検出した第2の検出値から第2の速度を算出し、
前記鉄道車両の直近の車両速度及び加速度より、前記鉄道車両の現時点の推定速度を算出する速度算出ステップと、
前記軸速度センサを備える車輪の粘着または非粘着の状態に基づいて、前記少なくとも2つの第1の速度、前記第2の速度及び前記推定速度から、所要の速度を選択して前記鉄道車両の車両速度を決定する車両速度決定ステップと
を有する車両速度算出方法。 - 請求項9に記載の車両速度算出方法であって、
前記車両速度決定ステップは、
前記軸速度センサを備える車輪の粘着または非粘着の状態に基づいて、前記少なくとも2つの第1の速度、前記第2の速度及び前記推定速度から選択した3つの速度を多数決により比較し、多数側となる速度を前記車両速度に決定する
ことを特徴とする車両速度算出方法。 - 請求項10に記載の車両速度算出方法であって、
前記車両速度決定ステップは、
前記軸速度センサを備える車輪が非粘着状態にある場合に、当該車輪の車軸から検出した前記第1の検出値より算出した前記第1の速度を前記多数決による比較から除外する
ことを特徴とする車両速度算出方法。 - 請求項11に記載の車両速度算出方法であって、
前記車両速度決定ステップは、
前記軸速度センサを備える車輪が全て非粘着状態にある場合に、前記第2の速度と前記推定速度との比較を行い、両方の速度差が、前記非接触式速度センサから算出される速度の公差の範囲内であれば、前記第2の速度を前記車両速度に決定し、前記公差の範囲外であれば、前記推定速度を前記車両速度に決定する
ことを特徴とする車両速度算出方法。
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JP2016137731A (ja) * | 2015-01-26 | 2016-08-04 | 株式会社日立製作所 | 車両制御システム、車上装置、および地上装置 |
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JPH05249127A (ja) * | 1992-03-09 | 1993-09-28 | Toshiba Corp | 移動体の速度・移動距離演算装置 |
JPH0630509A (ja) * | 1992-04-01 | 1994-02-04 | Nabco Ltd | 車両の滑走防止装置 |
JP2016125856A (ja) * | 2014-12-26 | 2016-07-11 | 株式会社日立製作所 | 車両速度検出装置および該装置を搭載した車両並びに列車 |
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CN211809637U (zh) * | 2019-12-28 | 2020-10-30 | 陈金胜 | 一种基于多传感器信息融合的列车定位装置 |
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