WO2022088910A1 - 一种咔唑衍生物及其应用 - Google Patents

一种咔唑衍生物及其应用 Download PDF

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WO2022088910A1
WO2022088910A1 PCT/CN2021/115217 CN2021115217W WO2022088910A1 WO 2022088910 A1 WO2022088910 A1 WO 2022088910A1 CN 2021115217 W CN2021115217 W CN 2021115217W WO 2022088910 A1 WO2022088910 A1 WO 2022088910A1
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groups
group
aromatic
atoms
heteroaromatic ring
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French (fr)
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曹建华
戴雄
唐怡杰
孙建波
边坤
王美艳
赵佳
王庆一
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北京八亿时空液晶科技股份有限公司
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Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of materials for organic electroluminescence elements, and particularly relates to a carbazole derivative and its application.
  • Organic electroluminescence is mainly divided into fluorescence and phosphorescence, but according to the theory of spin quantum statistics, the probability of singlet excitons and triplet excitons is 1:3, that is, the theory of fluorescence from white singlet exciton radiation transitions The limit is 25%, and the theoretical limit for fluorescence of triplet exciton radiative transitions is 75%. How to utilize the energy of 75% triplet excitons becomes a top priority. In 1997, Forrest et al. found that the phenomenon of phosphorescent electroluminescence broke through the quantum efficiency limit of 25% of organic electroluminescent materials, which aroused extensive attention to metal complex phosphorescent materials. Since then, people have carried out a lot of research on phosphorescent materials.
  • the present invention provides a carbazole derivative and an application thereof.
  • the carbazole derivative of the present invention as a raw material for materials for organic electroluminescence elements, can provide lower starting voltage and lower luminous efficiency.
  • the first object of the present invention provides a carbazole derivative, and the structural formula of the carbazole derivative is shown in formula (I):
  • R 1 to R 6 are the same or different, and are selected from hydrogen, deuterium, straight-chain alkyl with C 1 -C 40 , straight-chain heteroalkyl with C 1 -C 40 , branched with C 3 -C 40 Chain or cyclic alkyl, branched or cyclic heteroalkyl with C3 - C40 , alkenyl or alkynyl with C2 - C40 , aromatic ring system with 5-60 carbon atoms or one of heteroaromatic ring systems, each of R 1 to R 6 may be substituted with one or more groups R, and wherein two or more adjacent substituted groups may be optionally joined or fused to form monocyclic or polycyclic aliphatic, aromatic or heteroaromatic ring systems;
  • X is selected from O or S
  • W is the same or different at each occurrence, selected from CR or N, and any two adjacent groups W represent a group of formula (1) or (2) below:
  • G is C(R) 2 , NR, oxygen or sulfur;
  • Z is the same or different at each occurrence, Z is CR or N, and " ⁇ " represents the adjacent group W;
  • One of an aromatic ring or heteroaromatic ring system of atoms, an aryloxy or heteroaryloxy group having 5 to 60 carbon atoms, and each group in the R group may be replaced by one or more groups R 7 substitution, or a combination of
  • Ar1 is the same or different at each occurrence and is selected from aromatic or heteroaromatic ring systems having 5 to 30 carbon atoms which may be substituted by one or more non-aromatic groups R8 ; this The two groups Ar 3 bound to the same nitrogen or phosphorus atom can also be bridged to each other by a single bond or a bridging group selected from N(R 8 ), C(R 8 ) 2 , oxygen or sulfur;
  • An aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system in the sense of the present invention is intended to be taken to mean a system which does not necessarily have to contain only aryl or heteroaryl groups, but in which a plurality of aryl or heteroaryl groups can also consist of non-aromatic units For example C, N, O or S atoms are attached.
  • aryl or heteroaryl groups can also consist of non-aromatic units For example C, N, O or S atoms are attached.
  • two or more aryl groups are linked by, for example, short alkyl groups, such as fluorene, 9,9'-spirobifluorene, 9,9-diarylfluorene, triarylamine
  • Systems of diaryl ethers and the like are also taken to mean aromatic ring systems in the sense of the present invention.
  • Aryl in the sense of the present invention contains 6 to 60 carbon atoms
  • heteroaryl in the sense of the present invention contains 2 to 60 carbon atoms and at least one heteroatom, provided that the sum of carbon atoms and heteroatoms is at least 5 ; the heteroatom is preferably selected from N, O or S.
  • Aryl or heteroaryl here is taken to mean simple aromatic rings, i.e., benzene, naphthalene, etc., or simple heteroaromatic rings, such as pyridine, pyrimidine, thiophene, etc., or fused aryl or heteroaryl groups bases, such as anthracene, phenanthrene, quinoline, isoquinoline, etc.
  • Aromatic rings connected to each other by single bonds, such as biphenyls are on the contrary not referred to as aryl or heteroaryl groups, but as aromatic ring systems.
  • aliphatic hydrocarbon radicals or alkyl radicals or alkenyl radicals or alkynyl radicals which contain from 1 to 40 carbon atoms in the sense of the present invention and in which individual hydrogen atoms or -CH 2 - radicals can also be substituted by the aforementioned radicals are preferably considered to be Refers to the following groups: methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, 2-methylbutyl, n-pentyl, sec-pentyl, neopentyl, cyclopentyl, n-hexyl, neohexyl, cyclohexyl, n-heptyl, cycloheptyl, n-octyl, cyclooctyl, 2-ethylhexyl, cyclohexenyl, hep
  • the alkoxy group preferably has 1 to 40 carbon atoms and is considered to be methoxy, trifluoromethoxy, ethoxy, n-propoxy, isopropoxy, n-butoxy, isobutoxy base, sec-butoxy, tert-butoxy, n-pentoxy, sec-pentoxy, 2-methylbutoxy, n-hexyloxy, cyclohexyloxy, n-heptyloxy, cycloheptyloxy, n-heptyloxy Octyloxy, cyclooctyloxy, 2-ethylhexyloxy, pentafluoroethoxy and 2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy.
  • Heteroalkyl groups preferably have 1 to 40 carbon atoms, and refer to groups in which individual hydrogen atoms or -CH 2 - groups may be substituted by oxygen, sulfur, halogen atoms, and are considered to refer to alkoxy, Alkylthio, fluoroalkoxy, fluoroalkylthio, especially methoxy, ethoxy, n-propoxy, isopropoxy, n-butoxy, isobutoxy, sec-butoxy Oxy, tert-butoxy, methylthio, ethylthio, n-propylthio, isopropylthio, n-butylthio, isobutylthio, sec-butylthio, tert-butylthio, trifluoromethylthio group, trifluoromethoxy, pentafluoroethoxy, pentafluoroethylthio, 2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy, 2,2,2-trifluoroe
  • cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl can be cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cyclobutenyl, cyclopentenyl, cyclohexenyl, cycloheptyl , cycloheptenyl, wherein one or more -CH 2 - groups may be replaced by the above-mentioned groups; in addition, one or more hydrogen atoms may be replaced by deuterium atoms, halogen atoms or nitrile groups.
  • aromatic or heteroaromatic ring atoms according to the invention, aromatic or heteroaromatic ring systems which in each case may also be substituted by the abovementioned radicals R 8 in particular refer to radicals derived from benzene, Naphthalene, anthracene, benzanthracene, phenanthrene, pyrene, Perylene, fluoranthene, tetracene, pentacene, benzopyrene, biphenyl, benzene, terphenyl, terphenyl, fluorene, spirobifluorene, dihydrophenanthrene, dihydropyrene, tetrahydropyrene, cis or trans-indenofluorene, cis- or trans-indenocarbazole, cis- or trans-indolocarbazole, trimerindene, heterotrimerindene, spirotrimerindene, spiroheterotrimerin
  • R 1 to R 6 are the same or different, and are selected from hydrogen, deuterium, an aromatic ring system or a heteroaromatic ring system with 5 to 60 carbon atoms, and each of R 1 to R 6 is A group may be substituted with one or more groups R, and wherein two or more adjacent substituted groups may be optionally joined or fused to form a monocyclic or polycyclic aliphatic, aromatic or heteroaromatic family ring system;
  • X is selected from O or S
  • W is the same or different at each occurrence, selected from CR or N, and any two adjacent groups W represent a group of formula (1) or (2) below:
  • X is selected from O or S
  • W is the same or different at each occurrence, selected from CR or N, and any two adjacent groups W represent a group of formula (1) or (2) below:
  • G is C(R) 2 , NR, oxygen or sulfur;
  • Z is the same or different at each occurrence, Z is CR or N, and " ⁇ " represents the adjacent group W;
  • One of an aromatic ring or heteroaromatic ring system of atoms, an aryloxy or heteroaryloxy group having 5 to 60 carbon atoms, and each group in the R group may be replaced by one or more groups R 7 substitution,
  • Ar1 is the same or different at each occurrence and is selected from aromatic or heteroaromatic ring systems having 5 to 30 carbon atoms which may be substituted by one or more non-aromatic groups R8 ; this The two groups Ar 3 bound to the same nitrogen or phosphorus atom can also be bridged to each other by a single bond or a bridging group selected from N(R 8 ), C(R 8 ) 2 , oxygen or sulfur;
  • R 8 is selected from hydrogen atom, deuterium atom, fluorine atom, nitrile group, aliphatic hydrocarbon group with C 1 to C 20 , aromatic ring or heteroaromatic ring system with 5 to 30 carbon atoms, one of R 8 or Multiple hydrogen atoms can be replaced by deuterium atoms, halogen atoms, or nitrile groups, wherein two or more adjacent substituents R 8 can each form a monocyclic or polycyclic aliphatic, aromatic or heteroaromatic ring Tie.
  • carbazole derivative is one of CJHK486 ⁇ CJHK716:
  • each X is independently selected from O or S.
  • the second object of the present invention is to provide an application of the carbazole derivative in a material for organic components.
  • the material for organic elements of the present invention contains the compound of the present invention.
  • the material for organic elements may be constituted using the compound of the present invention alone, or may contain other compounds together.
  • the materials for organic elements are materials for organic electroluminescence elements, materials for organic field effect transistors or materials for organic thin film solar cells.
  • the compound of the present invention contained in the material for an organic electroluminescence element of the present invention can be used as a host material.
  • the material for organic electroluminescence elements of the present invention may contain other compounds as dopant materials.
  • the material for the organic electroluminescence element is a material for the light-emitting layer.
  • the material for the organic electroluminescence element is an electron transport layer material, a hole transport layer material or an encapsulation layer material.
  • the third object of the present invention is to provide an organic electroluminescence element, comprising a first electrode, a second electrode and at least one organic layer disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode, the organic layer At least one layer contains the carbazole derivative.
  • the organic electroluminescent element includes a cathode, an anode and at least one light-emitting layer. In addition to these layers, it may also contain other layers, for example in each case one or more hole injection layers, hole transport layers, hole blocking layers, electron transport layers, electron injection layers, excitation layers Sub-blocking layer, electron blocking layer and/or charge generating layer. An intermediate layer having, for example, an exciton blocking function can likewise be introduced between the two light-emitting layers. It should be noted, however, that each of these layers does not have to be present.
  • the organic electroluminescent device described herein may comprise one light-emitting layer, or it may comprise multiple light-emitting layers.
  • various light-emitting compounds capable of emitting light are used in the light-emitting layer.
  • Particular preference is given to systems having three emitting layers, wherein the three layers can exhibit blue, green and red emission. If more than one light-emitting layer is present, according to the invention, at least one of these layers comprises a compound of the invention.
  • the organic electroluminescent element according to the present invention does not comprise a separate hole injection layer and/or hole transport layer and/or hole blocking layer and/or electron transport layer, i.e. the light emitting layer and the hole injection layer or The anode is directly adjacent, and/or the light emitting layer is directly adjacent to the electron transport layer or the electron injection layer or the cathode.
  • organic electroluminescent elements which are characterized in that one or more layers are applied by means of a sublimation method in which the passage is carried out in a vacuum sublimation device at an initial pressure of less than 10 ⁇ 5 Pa, preferably less than 10 ⁇ 6 Pa Vapor deposition to apply the material.
  • the initial pressure may also be even lower, eg below 10 ⁇ 7 Pa.
  • a particular example of this method is the organic vapor jet printing method, in which the material is applied directly through a nozzle and is thus structured.
  • organic electroluminescent elements from solution, for example by spin coating, or by means of any desired printing method such as screen printing, flexographic printing, lithographic printing, photoinduced thermography, thermal transfer printing, spraying Ink printing or nozzle printing to create one or more layers.
  • Soluble compounds are obtained, for example, by appropriate substitution. These methods are also particularly suitable for oligomers, dendrimers and polymers.
  • hybrid methods in which, for example, one or more layers are applied from solution and one or more further layers are applied by vapour deposition.
  • the invention also relates to a method for producing an organic electroluminescent element according to the invention, characterized in that at least one layer is applied by means of a sublimation method, and/or characterized in that it is applied by means of an organic vapor deposition method or by means of sublimation of a carrier gas At least one layer is applied, and/or characterized in that the at least one layer is applied from solution by spin coating or by means of printing methods.
  • the present invention relates to comprising at least one carbazole derivative according to the invention as indicated above.
  • the carbazole derivatives can preferably also contain other compounds.
  • Processing the carbazole derivatives according to the invention from the liquid phase, for example by spin coating or by printing methods, requires a formulation of the compounds according to the invention.
  • These formulations can be, for example, solutions, dispersions or emulsions.
  • mixtures of two or more solvents may preferably be used.
  • Suitable and preferred solvents are, for example, toluene, anisole, o-, m- or p-xylene, methyl benzoate, mesitylene, tetralin, o-dimethoxybenzene, tetrahydrofuran, methyltetrahydrofuran, Tetrahydropyran, chlorobenzene, dioxane, phenoxytoluene, especially 3-phenoxytoluene, (-)-fenchone, 1,2,3,5-tetramethylbenzene, 1,2, 4,5-tetramethylbenzene, 1-methylnaphthalene, 2-methylbenzothiazole, 2-phenoxyethanol, 2-pyrrolidone, 3-methylanisole, 4-methylanisole, 3,4-dimethylanisole, 3,5-dimethylanisole, acetophenone, alpha-terpineol, benzothiazole, butyl benzoate, cumene, cyclohexanol, cyclo
  • the organic layer further includes one or more selected from the group consisting of an electron injection layer, an electron transport layer, a hole blocking layer, an electron blocking layer, a hole transport layer, a hole injection layer, a light emitting layer, and a light refraction layer.
  • the organic electroluminescent element of the present invention may be either a top-emitting light-emitting element or a bottom-emitting light-emitting element.
  • the structure and preparation method of the organic electroluminescence element of the present invention are not limited.
  • the organic electroluminescent element prepared by using the compound of the present invention can reduce the start-up voltage and improve the luminous efficiency and brightness.
  • the fourth object of the present invention is to provide a display device including the organic electroluminescence element.
  • the fifth object of the present invention is to provide a lighting device including the organic electroluminescence element.
  • the carbazole derivatives of the present invention have higher triplet energy levels and are suitable for use as materials for organic electroluminescence elements, and the materials for organic electroluminescence elements containing the carbazole derivatives of the present invention have low start-up voltages , high luminous efficiency and brightness, in addition, the carbazole derivatives of the present invention have good thermal stability and film-forming properties, and are used in materials for organic electroluminescence elements, organic electroluminescence elements, display devices, and lighting devices. Among them, the service life can be extended, and the manufacturing cost of the organic electroluminescent element material, the organic electroluminescent element, the display device, and the lighting device can be reduced.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a bottom emission example of the organic electroluminescence device of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a top emission example of the organic electroluminescent device of the present invention.
  • Luminance and chromaticity coordinates tested with a spectral scanner PhotoResearch PR-715;
  • Life Test Use LTS-1004AC Life Test Device.
  • the preparation method of compound CJHK684, comprises the steps:
  • the preparation method of compound CJHK644, comprises the steps:
  • the preparation method of compound CJHK549 comprises the steps:
  • the seventh step preparation of compound CJHK549
  • the preparation method of compound CJHK579 comprises the steps:
  • the first step preparation of compound Int-15
  • Compounds CJHK558 ⁇ CJHK578, CJHK580 ⁇ CJHK611 refer to the preparation method of compound CJHK579 in Example 7, the difference is that the 2-chloro-4,6-diphenyl group in the fifth step in Example 7 is replaced by different halogenated compounds -1,3,5-triazine, other test parameters were adjusted adaptively.
  • the preparation method of compound CJHK497 comprises following reaction steps:
  • the compound represented by the following formula A was used as the green light host material
  • the compound represented by the following formula B was used as the green light doping material
  • the compound represented by the formula C was used as the hole injection material
  • the compound represented by the formula D was used as the hole injection material.
  • the compound is used as a hole transport material
  • the compound shown by formula E is used as the red light host material of the comparative sample
  • the compound shown by formula F is used as a red light dopant material
  • the compound shown by formula G is used as an electron transport dopant material
  • LiQ is used as an electron transport host.
  • Materials, organic electroluminescent elements were prepared as described below.
  • the EL evaporation machine manufactured by DOV Company was used to vapor-deposit on the ITO glass in turn to make a green light element, and an organic electroluminescence element as a green light comparative example was obtained.
  • the red light element was prepared by successively using the EL evaporation machine manufactured by DOV Company to evaporate onto the ITO glass, and the organic electroluminescence element as the red light comparative example was prepared.
  • Compound A was replaced with one of the compounds CJHK486 to CJHK716, and the method of Comparative Example 1 was used to fabricate an organic electroluminescent element:
  • the green light element prepared from the organic material of the present invention has lower driving voltage, higher current efficiency, and better color purity, and the luminous brightness of the element is initially 2000 cd/cm 2 . Under the initial conditions, the lifetime of the device using the compound of the present invention as the green host material is greatly improved.
  • an organic electroluminescence red light element was prepared, and the aforementioned compound E was replaced with the compounds CJHK486-CJHK716 of the present invention.
  • the same method was used to make an organic electroluminescence element:
  • the element prepared from the organic material of the present invention has significantly lower driving voltage, higher current efficiency and better luminous color purity than that of the red light element prepared in Comparative Example 1.
  • the LT90% lifetime of the element using the compound of the present invention as the host material for red light is significantly improved.
  • 1 and 2 are respectively a schematic diagram of a bottom emission example of the organic electroluminescence device of the present invention and a schematic diagram of a top emission example of the organic electroluminescence device, the carbazole derivatives prepared by the present invention are included in the luminescence in layer 5.

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Abstract

本发明涉及一种咔唑衍生物及其应用,所述的咔唑衍生物的结构式如式(I)所示,本发明所述的咔唑衍生物具有较高的三重态能级,适宜作为有机电致发光元件用材料使用,含有本发明所述的咔唑衍生物的有机电致发光元件用材料启动电压低,发光效率和亮度高,另外,本发明所述的咔唑衍生物具有良好的热稳定性和成膜性能,应用在有机电致发光元件用材料、有机电致发光元件、显示装置、照明装置中,能够延长使用寿命,从而能够降低有机电致发光元件用材料、有机电致发光元件、显示装置、照明装置的制造成本。

Description

一种咔唑衍生物及其应用 技术领域
本发明属于有机电致发光元件用材料技术领域,具体涉及一种咔唑衍生物及其应用。
背景技术
最近几年有机电致发光显示技术已趋于成熟,一些产品已进入市场,但在产业化过程中,仍有许多问题亟待解决,特别是用于制作元件的各种有机材料,其载流子注入、传输性能,材料电发光性能、使用寿命、色纯度、各种材料之间及与各电极之间的匹配等,尚有许多问题还未解决。尤其是发光元件在发光效率和使用寿命还达不到实用化要求,这大大限制了OLED技术的发展。
有机电致发光主要分为荧光和磷光,但根据自旋量子统计理论,单重态激子和三重态激子的概率为1:3,即来白单重态激子辐射跃迁的荧光的理论极限为25%,三重态激子辐射跃迁的荧光的理论极限为75%。如何利用75%的三线态激子的能量成为当务之急。1997年Forrest等发现磷光电致发光现象突破了有机电致发光材料量子效率25%效率的限制,引起人们对金属配合物磷光材料的广泛关注。从此,人们对磷光材料进行大量的研究。
鉴于以上原因,特提出本发明。
发明内容
为了解决现有技术存在的以上问题,本发明提供了一种咔唑衍生物及其应用,本发明的咔唑衍生物作为有机电致发光元件用材料的原料,能够提供启动电压降低、发光效率、亮度提高的有机电致发光元件用材料以及有机电致发光元件。
本发明的第一目的,提供了一种咔唑衍生物,所述的咔唑衍生物的结构式如式(I)所示:
Figure PCTCN2021115217-appb-000001
其中,R 1~R 6相同或不同,选自氢、氘、具有C 1~C 40的直链烷基、具有C 1~C 40的直链杂烷基、具有C 3~C 40的支链或环状的烷基、具有C 3~C 40的支链或环状的杂烷基、具有C 2~C 40的烯基或炔基、具有5~60个碳原子的芳香族环系或杂芳族环系中的一种,R 1~R 6每个基团可被一个或多个基团R取代,且其中两个或更多个相邻的取代基团可以任选地接合或稠合形成单环或多环的脂族、芳族或杂芳族环系;
X选自O或S;
W在每次出现时相同或不同,选自CR或N,并且任两个相邻的基团W代表下式(1)或(2)的基团:
Figure PCTCN2021115217-appb-000002
其中,G为C(R) 2、NR、氧或硫;Z在每次出现时相同或不同,Z为CR或N,并且“^”代表相邻基团W;
R每次出现时相同或不同,选自氢原子、氘原子、卤素原子、腈基、硝基、 N(Ar 1) 2、N(R 7) 2、C(=O)Ar 1、C(=O)R 7、P(=O)(Ar 1) 2、具有C 1~C 40的直链烷基、具有C 1~C 40的直链杂烷基、具有C 3~C 40的支链或环状的烷基、具有C 3~C 40的支链或环状的杂烷基、具有C 2~C 40的烯基或炔基、具有5~80个、优选5~60个碳原子的芳族环或杂芳族环系、具有5~60个碳原子的芳氧基或杂芳氧基中的一种,R基团中的每个基团可被一个或多个基团R 7取代,或这些体系的组合,其中一个或多个非相邻的-CH 2-基团可被R 7C=CR 7、C≡C、Si(R 7) 2、Ge(R 7) 2、Sn(R 7) 2、C=O、C=S、C=Se、C=NR 7、P(=O)(R 7)、SO、SO 2、NR 7、O、S或CONR 7代替,并且其中一个或多个氢原子或被氘原子、卤素原子、腈基或硝基代替,其中两个或更多个相邻的取代基R可以任选地接合或稠合形成单环或多环的脂族、芳族或杂芳族环系,所述环系可被一个或多个基团R 7取代;
R 7在每次出现时相同或不同,选自氢原子、氘原子、卤素原子、腈基、硝基、N(Ar 1) 2、N(R 8) 2、C(=O)Ar 1、C(=O)R 8、P(=O)(Ar 1) 2、具有C 1~C 40的直链烷基、具有C 1~C 40的直链杂烷基、具有C 3~C 40的支链或环状的烷基、具有C 3~C 40的支链或环状的杂烷基、具有C 2~C 40的烯基或炔基、具有5~60个碳原子的芳族环或杂芳族环系、具有5~60个碳原子的芳氧基或杂芳氧基中的一种,R 7中的每个基团可被一个或多个基团R 8取代,或这些体系的组合,其中一个或多个非相邻的-CH 2-基团可被R 8C=CR 8、C≡C、Si(R 8) 2、Ge(R 8) 2、Sn(R 8) 2、C=O、C=S、C=Se、C=NR 8、P(=O)(R 8)、SO、SO 2、NR 8、O、S或CONR 8代替,并且其中一个或多个氢原子可被氘原子、卤素原子、腈基或硝基代替,其中两个或更多个相邻的取代基R可以任选地接合或稠合形成单环或多环的脂族、芳族或杂芳族环系,所述环系可被一个或多个基团R 8取代;
Ar 1在每次出现时相同或不同,选自具有5~30个碳原子的芳族或杂芳族环系,所述环系可被一个或多个非芳族基团R 8取代;此处键合至同一氮原子或磷原子的两个基团Ar 3也可通过单键或选自N(R 8)、C(R 8) 2、氧或硫的桥连基彼此桥连;
R 8选自氢原子、氘原子、氟原子、腈基、具有C 1~C 20的脂族烃基、具有 5~30个碳原子的芳族环或杂芳族环系,R 8中一个或多个氢原子可被氘原子、卤素原子、或腈基代替,其中两个或更多个相邻的取代基R 8可彼此形成单环或多环的脂族、芳族或杂芳族环系。
在本发明意义上的芳族或杂芳族环系旨在被认为是指不必仅含有芳基或杂芳基的体系,而是其中多个芳基或杂芳基还可以由非芳族单元例如C、N、O或S原子连接。因此,例如,和其中两个或更多个芳基被例如短的烷基连接的体系一样,诸如芴、9,9’-螺二芴、9,9-二芳基芴、三芳基胺、二芳基醚等的体系也被认为是指在本发明意义上的芳族环系。
本发明意义上的芳基含有6~60个碳原子,在本发明意义上的杂芳基含有2~60个碳原子和至少一个杂原子,其条件是碳原子和杂原子的总和至少是5;所述杂原子优选选自N、O或S。此处的芳基或杂芳基被认为是指简单的芳族环,即苯、萘等,或简单的杂芳族环,如吡啶、嘧啶、噻吩等,或稠合的芳基或杂芳基,如蒽、菲、喹啉、异喹啉等。通过单键彼此连接的芳族环,例如联苯,相反地不被称为芳基或杂芳基,而是称为芳族环系。
对于本发明意义上的含有1~40个碳原子并且其中单独的氢原子或-CH 2-基团还可被上述基团取代的脂族烃基或者烷基或者烯基或炔基优选被认为是指如下基团:甲基、乙基、正丙基、异丙基、正丁基、异丁基、仲丁基、叔丁基、2-甲基丁基、正戊基、仲戊基、新戊基、环戊基、正己基、新己基、环己基、正庚基、环庚基、正辛基、环辛基、2-乙基己基、环己烯基、庚烯基、环庚烯基、辛烯基、环辛烯基、乙炔基、丙炔基、丁炔基、戊炔基、己炔基、庚炔基或辛炔基。烷氧基优选具有1~40个碳原子的烷氧基被认为是指甲氧基、三氟甲氧基、乙氧基、正丙氧基、异丙氧基、正丁氧基、异丁氧基、仲丁氧基、叔丁氧基、正戊氧基、仲戊氧基、2-甲基丁氧基、正己氧基、环己氧基、正庚氧基、环庚氧基、正辛氧基、环辛氧基、2-乙基己氧基、五氟乙氧基和2,2,2-三氟乙氧基。杂烷基优选具有1~40个碳原子的烷基,是指其中单独的氢原子或-CH 2-基团可被氧、硫、卤素原子取代的基团,被认为是指烷氧基、烷硫基、氟代的烷 氧基、氟代的烷硫基,特别是指甲氧基、乙氧基、正丙氧基、异丙氧基、正丁氧基、异丁氧基、仲丁氧基、叔丁氧基、甲硫基、乙硫基、正丙硫基、异丙硫基、正丁硫基、异丁硫基、仲丁硫基、叔丁硫基、三氟甲硫基、三氟甲氧基、五氟乙氧基、五氟乙硫基、2,2,2-三氟乙氧基、2,2,2-三氟乙硫基、乙烯氧基、乙烯硫基、丙烯氧基、丙烯硫基、丁烯硫基、丁烯氧基、戊烯氧基、戊烯硫基、环戊烯氧基、环戊烯硫基、己烯氧基、己烯硫基、环己烯氧基、环己烯硫基、乙炔氧基、乙炔硫基、丙炔氧基、丙炔硫基、丁炔氧基、丁炔硫基、戊炔氧基、戊炔硫基、己炔氧基、己炔硫基。
一般来说,根据本发明的环烷基、环烯基可为环丙基、环丁基、环戊基、环己基、环丁烯基、环戊烯基、环己烯基、环庚基、环庚烯基,其中一个或多个-CH 2-基团可被上述基团代替;此外,一个或多个氢原子还可被氘原子、卤素原子或腈基代替。
根据本发明的芳族或杂芳族环原子,在每种情况下还可被上述基团R 8取代的芳族或杂芳族环系,特别是指衍生自如下物质的基团:苯、萘、蒽、苯并蒽、菲、芘、
Figure PCTCN2021115217-appb-000003
苝、荧蒽、并四苯、并五苯、苯并芘、联苯、偶苯、三联苯、三聚苯、芴、螺二芴、二氢菲、二氢芘、四氢芘、顺式或反式茚并芴、顺式或反式茚并咔唑、顺式或反式吲哚并咔唑、三聚茚、异三聚茚、螺三聚茚、螺异三聚茚、呋喃、苯并呋喃、异苯并呋喃、二苯并呋喃、噻吩、苯并噻吩、异苯并噻吩、二苯并噻吩、吡咯、吲哚、异吲哚、咔唑、吡啶、喹啉、异喹啉、吖啶、菲啶、苯并[5,6]喹啉、苯并[6,7]喹啉、苯并[7,8]喹啉、吩噻嗪、吩噁嗪、吡唑、吲唑、咪唑、苯并咪唑、萘并咪唑、菲并咪唑、吡啶并咪唑、吡嗪并咪唑、喹喔啉并咪唑、噁唑、苯并噁唑、萘并噁唑、蒽并噁唑、菲并噁唑、异噁唑、1,2-噻唑、1,3-噻唑、苯并噻唑、哒嗪、六氮杂苯并菲、苯并哒嗪、嘧啶、苯并嘧啶、喹喔啉、1,5-二氮杂蒽、2,7-二氮杂芘、2,3-二氮杂芘、1,6-二氮杂芘、1,8-二氮杂芘、4,5-二氮杂芘,4,5,9,10-四氮杂苝、吡嗪、吩嗪、吩噁嗪、吩噻嗪、荧红环、萘啶、氮杂咔唑、苯并咔啉、咔啉、菲咯啉、1,2,3-三唑、1,2,4-三唑、苯并三唑、1,2,3-噁二唑、1,2,4-噁二唑、1,2,5-噁二唑、1,3,4-噁二唑、1,2,3-噻 二唑、1,2,4-噻二唑、1,2,5-噻二唑、1,3,4-噻二唑、1,3,5-三嗪、1,2,4-三嗪、1,2,3-三嗪、四唑、1,2,4,5-四嗪、1,2,3,4-四嗪、1,2,3,5-四嗪、嘌呤、蝶啶、吲嗪和苯并噻二唑或者衍生自这些体系的组合的基团。
进一步的,所述R 1~R 6相同或不同,选自氢、氘、具有5~60个碳原子的芳香族环系或杂芳族环系中的一种,R 1~R 6每个基团可被一个或多个基团R取代,且其中两个或更多个相邻的取代基团可以任选地接合或稠合形成单环或多环的脂族、芳族或杂芳族环系;
X选自O或S;
W在每次出现时相同或不同,选自CR或N,并且任两个相邻的基团W代表下式(1)或(2)的基团:
X选自O或S;
W在每次出现时相同或不同,选自CR或N,并且任两个相邻的基团W代表下式(1)或(2)的基团:
Figure PCTCN2021115217-appb-000004
其中,G为C(R) 2、NR、氧或硫;Z在每次出现时相同或不同,Z为CR或N,并且“^”代表相邻基团W;
R每次出现时相同或不同,选自氢原子、氘原子、卤素原子、腈基、硝基、N(Ar 1) 2、N(R 7) 2、C(=O)Ar 1、C(=O)R 7、P(=O)(Ar 1) 2、具有C 1~C 40的直链烷基、具有C 1~C 40的直链杂烷基、具有C 3~C 40的支链或环状的烷基、具有C 3~C 40的支链或环状的杂烷基、具有C 2~C 40的烯基或炔基、具有5~80个、优选5~60个碳原子的芳族环或杂芳族环系、具有5~60个碳原子的芳氧基或杂芳氧基中的一种,R基团中的每个基团可被一个或多个基团R 7取代,或这些体系的组合,其 中一个或多个非相邻的-CH 2-基团可被R 7C=CR 7、C≡C、Si(R 7) 2、Ge(R 7) 2、Sn(R 7) 2、C=O、C=S、C=Se、C=NR 7、P(=O)(R 7)、SO、SO 2、NR 7、O、S或CONR 7代替,并且其中一个或多个氢原子或被氘原子、卤素原子、腈基或硝基代替,其中两个或更多个相邻的取代基R可以任选地接合或稠合形成单环或多环的脂族、芳族或杂芳族环系,所述环系可被一个或多个基团R 7取代;
R 7在每次出现时相同或不同,选自氢原子、氘原子、卤素原子、腈基、硝基、N(Ar 1) 2、N(R 8) 2、C(=O)Ar 1、C(=O)R 8、P(=O)(Ar 1) 2、具有C 1~C 40的直链烷基、具有C 1~C 40的直链杂烷基、具有C 3~C 40的支链或环状的烷基、具有C 3~C 40的支链或环状的杂烷基、具有C 2~C 40的烯基或炔基、具有5~60个碳原子的芳族环或杂芳族环系、具有5~60个碳原子的芳氧基或杂芳氧基中的一种,R 7中的每个基团可被一个或多个基团R 8取代,或这些体系的组合,其中一个或多个非相邻的-CH 2-基团可被R 8C=CR 8、C≡C、Si(R 8) 2、Ge(R 8) 2、Sn(R 8) 2、C=O、C=S、C=Se、C=NR 8、P(=O)(R 8)、SO、SO 2、NR 8、O、S或CONR 8代替,并且其中一个或多个氢原子可被氘原子、卤素原子、腈基或硝基代替,其中两个或更多个相邻的取代基R可以任选地接合或稠合形成单环或多环的脂族、芳族或杂芳族环系,所述环系可被一个或多个基团R 8取代;
Ar 1在每次出现时相同或不同,选自具有5~30个碳原子的芳族或杂芳族环系,所述环系可被一个或多个非芳族基团R 8取代;此处键合至同一氮原子或磷原子的两个基团Ar 3也可通过单键或选自N(R 8)、C(R 8) 2、氧或硫的桥连基彼此桥连;
R 8选自氢原子、氘原子、氟原子、腈基、具有C 1~C 20的脂族烃基、具有5~30个碳原子的芳族环或杂芳族环系,R 8中一个或多个氢原子可被氘原子、卤素原子、或腈基代替,其中两个或更多个相邻的取代基R 8可彼此形成单环或多环的脂族、芳族或杂芳族环系。
进一步的,所述的咔唑衍生物具体结构如CJHK486~CJHK716中的一种:
Figure PCTCN2021115217-appb-000005
Figure PCTCN2021115217-appb-000006
Figure PCTCN2021115217-appb-000007
Figure PCTCN2021115217-appb-000008
Figure PCTCN2021115217-appb-000009
Figure PCTCN2021115217-appb-000010
Figure PCTCN2021115217-appb-000011
Figure PCTCN2021115217-appb-000012
Figure PCTCN2021115217-appb-000013
Figure PCTCN2021115217-appb-000014
Figure PCTCN2021115217-appb-000015
Figure PCTCN2021115217-appb-000016
Figure PCTCN2021115217-appb-000017
Figure PCTCN2021115217-appb-000018
其中,X各自独立的选自O或S。
本发明的第二目的,提供了一种所述的咔唑衍生物在有机元件用材料中的应用。
本发明的有机元件用材料含有本发明的化合物。有机元件用材料可以单独使用本发明的化合物构成,也可以同时含有其他化合物。
进一步的,所述的有机元件用材料为有机电致发光元件用材料、有机场效应晶体管用材料或有机薄膜太阳电池用材料。
本发明的有机电致发光元件用材料中所含有的本发明的化合物可以用作主体材料。此时,本发明的有机电致发光元件用材料中可以含有作为掺杂材料的其他化合物。
进一步的,所述的有机电致发光元件用材料为发光层用材料。
进一步的,所述的有机电致发光元件用材料为电子输送层材料、孔穴输送层材料或封装层材料。
本发明的第三目的,提供了一种有机电致发光元件,包括第一电极、第二电极和置于第一电极和第二电极之间的至少一层的有机层,所述的有机层至少一层包含所述的咔唑衍生物。
所述有机电致发光元件包含阴极、阳极和至少一个发光层。除了这些层之外,它还可以包含其它的层,例如在每种情况下,包含一个或多个空穴注入层、空穴传输层、空穴阻挡层、电子传输层、电子注入层、激子阻挡层、电子阻挡层和/或电荷产生层。具有例如激子阻挡功能的中间层同样可引入两个发光层之 间。然而,应当指出,这些层中的每个并非必须都存在。此处所述有机电致发光装置可包含一个发光层,或者它可包含多个发光层。即,将能够发光的多种发光化合物用于所述发光层中。特别优选具有三个发光层的体系,其中所述三个层可显示蓝色、绿色和红色发光。如果存在多于一个的发光层,则根据本发明,这些层中的至少一个层包含本发明的化合物。
进一步地,根据本发明的有机电致发光元件不包含单独的空穴注入层和/或空穴传输层和/或空穴阻挡层和/或电子传输层,即发光层与空穴注入层或阳极直接相邻,和/或发光层与电子传输层或电子注入层或阴极直接相邻。
在根据本发明的有机电致发光元件的其它层中,特别是在空穴注入和空穴传输层中以及在电子注入和电子传输层中,所有材料可以按照根据现有技术通常所使用的方式来使用。本领域普通技术人员因此将能够在不付出创造性劳动的情况下与根据本发明的发光层组合使用关于有机电致发光元件所知的所有材料。
此外优选如下的有机电致发光元件,其特征在于借助于升华方法施加一个或多个层,其中在真空升华装置中在低于10 -5Pa、优选低于10 -6Pa的初压下通过气相沉积来施加所述材料。然而,所述初压还可能甚至更低,例如低于10 -7Pa。
同样优选如下的有机电致发光元件,其特征在于借助于有机气相沉积方法或借助于载气升华来施加一个或多个层,其中,在10 -5Pa至1Pa之间的压力下施加所述材料。该方法的特别的例子是有机蒸气喷印方法,其中所述材料通过喷嘴直接施加,并且因此是结构化的。
此外优选如下的有机电致发光元件,从溶液中,例如通过旋涂,或借助于任何所希望的印刷方法例如丝网印刷、柔性版印刷、平版印刷、光引发热成像、热转印、喷墨印刷或喷嘴印刷,来产生一个或多个层。可溶性化合物,例如通过适当的取代获得可溶性化合物。这些方法也特别适于低聚物、树枝状大分子和聚合物。此外可行的是混合方法,其中例如从溶液中施加一个或多个层并且通过气相沉积施加一个或多个另外的层。
这些方法是本领域普通技术人员通常已知的,并且他们可以在不付出创造性劳动的情况下将其应用于包含根据本发明的化合物的有机电致发光元件。
因此,本发明还涉及制造根据本发明的有机电致发光元件的方法,其特征在于借助于升华方法来施加至少一个层,和/或特征在于借助于有机气相沉积方法或借助于载气升华来施加至少一个层,和/或特征在于从溶液中通过旋涂或借助于印刷方法来施加至少一个层。
此外,本发明涉及包含至少一种上文指出的本发明的咔唑衍生物。如上文关于有机电致发光元件指出的相同优选情况适用于所述本发明的咔唑衍生物。特别是,所述咔唑衍生物此外还可优选包含其它化合物。从液相处理根据本发明的咔唑衍生物,例如通过旋涂或通过印刷方法进行处理,需要根据本发明的化合物的制剂。这些制剂可以例如是溶液、分散体或乳液。出于这个目的,可优选使用两种或更多种溶剂的混合物。合适并且优选的溶剂例如是甲苯,苯甲醚,邻二甲苯、间二甲苯或对二甲苯,苯甲酸甲酯,均三甲苯,萘满,邻二甲氧基苯,四氢呋喃,甲基四氢呋喃,四氢吡喃,氯苯,二噁烷,苯氧基甲苯,特别是3-苯氧基甲苯,(-)-葑酮,1,2,3,5-四甲基苯,1,2,4,5-四甲基苯,1-甲基萘,2-甲基苯并噻唑,2-苯氧基乙醇,2-吡咯烷酮,3-甲基苯甲醚,4-甲基苯甲醚,3,4-二甲基苯甲醚,3,5-二甲基苯甲醚,苯乙酮,α-萜品醇,苯并噻唑,苯甲酸丁酯,异丙苯,环己醇,环己酮,环己基苯,十氢化萘,十二烷基苯,苯甲酸乙酯,茚满,苯甲酸甲酯,1-甲基吡咯烷酮,对甲基异丙基苯,苯乙醚,1,4-二异丙基苯,二苄醚,二乙二醇丁基甲基醚,三乙二醇丁基甲基醚,二乙二醇二丁基醚,三乙二醇二甲基醚,二乙二醇单丁基醚,三丙二醇二甲基醚,四乙二醇二甲基醚,2-异丙基萘,戊苯,己苯,庚苯,辛苯,1,1-双(3,4-二甲基苯基)乙烷,或这些溶剂的混合物。
进一步地,所述有机层还包括选自电子注入层、电子输送层、空穴阻挡层、电子阻挡层、空穴输送层、空穴注入层、发光层、光折射层的一种以上。
本发明的有机电致发光元件既可以是顶发射光元件,又可以是底发射光元 件。本发明的有机电致发光元件的结构和制备方法没有限定。采用本发明的化合物制得的有机电致发光元件可降低启动电压、提高发光效率和亮度。
本发明的第四目的,提供了一种显示装置,包括所述的有机电致发光元件。
本发明的第五目的,提供了一种照明装置,包括所述的有机电致发光元件。
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果为:
本发明所述的咔唑衍生物具有较高的三重态能级,适宜作为有机电致发光元件用材料使用,含有本发明所述的咔唑衍生物的有机电致发光元件用材料启动电压低,发光效率和亮度高,另外,本发明所述的咔唑衍生物具有良好的热稳定性和成膜性能,应用在有机电致发光元件用材料、有机电致发光元件、显示装置、照明装置中,能够延长使用寿命,从而能够降低有机电致发光元件用材料、有机电致发光元件、显示装置、照明装置的制造成本。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案,下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍,显而易见地,下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1是本发明的有机电致发光装置的一个底部发光例子的示意图;
图2是本发明的有机电致发光装置的一个顶部发光例子的示意图。
附图标记
1-基板、2-阳极、3-孔穴注入层、4-孔穴传输/电子阻挡层、5-发光层、6-孔穴阻挡/电子传输层、7-电子注入层、8-阴极。
具体实施方式
为使本发明的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚,下面将对本发明的技术方案进行详细的描述。显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创 造性劳动的前提下所得到的所有其它实施方式,都属于本发明所保护的范围。
下述实施例对OLED材料及元件进行性能测试的测试仪器及方法如下:
OLED元件性能检测条件:
亮度和色度坐标:使用光谱扫描仪PhotoResearch PR-715测试;
电流密度和起亮电压:使用数字源表Keithley 2420测试;
功率效率:使用NEWPORT 1931-C测试;
寿命测试:使用LTS-1004AC寿命测试装置。
实施例1
化合物CJHK684的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
第一步,化合物Int-1的制备
Figure PCTCN2021115217-appb-000019
在氮气保护下,0.10mol的1-二苯并呋喃硼酸或1-二苯并噻吩硼酸分散在150mL甲苯中,加入0.1mol的1,8-二溴萘、0.20mol的无水碳酸钠、0.5g的Pd(PPh 3) 4催化剂,再加入150mL的乙醇和100mL的水,升温回流搅拌反应8小时,冷却到室温,加入100mL水稀释,用乙酸乙酯萃取,收集有机相,干燥,过滤,滤滤减压浓缩干,用硅胶柱分离纯化,得到白色固体,收率83%。
第二步:化合物Int-2的制备
Figure PCTCN2021115217-appb-000020
25.0mmol第一步制备的中间体Int-1、7.5mmol的三环己基磷四氟硼酸盐、5.0mmol的醋酸钯、50.0mmol的无水碳酸铯以及80mL的二甲基乙酰胺,在氮气保护下,升温回流搅拌反应12小时,冷却到室温,加入200mL的水稀释, 用乙酸乙酯萃取,收集有机相用饱和盐水洗,干燥,过滤,滤液减压浓缩干,用硅胶柱分离纯化,得到化合物Int-2,收率58%。
第三步:化合物Int-3的制备
Figure PCTCN2021115217-appb-000021
20.0mmol第二步制备的中间体Int-2溶解于100mL的干燥四氢呋喃中,在氮气保护下,用液氮降温至-80℃,滴加入10.0mL的2.5M丁基锂正己烷溶液,搅拌反应1小时,滴加入30.0mmol的硼酸三甲酯溶于无水四氢呋喃的溶液,搅拌反应1小时,升温到-10℃,加入50mL的2M稀盐酸水溶液,搅拌反应30分钟,用乙酸乙酯萃取,收集有机相,干燥,过滤,滤液减压浓缩干,加入石油醚分散,过滤,得到化合物Int-3,收率65%。
第四步:化合物Int-4的制备
Figure PCTCN2021115217-appb-000022
在氮气保护下,20.0mmol的中间体Int-3分散在60mL甲苯中,加入17.0mmol的邻硝基溴苯、40.0mmol的无水碳酸钠、0.2g的Pd(PPh 3) 4催化剂,再加入30mL的乙醇和30mL的水,升温回流搅拌反应8小时,冷却到室温,加入100mL水稀释,用乙酸乙酯萃取,收集有机相,干燥,过滤,滤滤减压浓缩干,用硅胶柱分离纯化,得到黄色固体,收率74%。
第五步:化合物Int-5的制备
Figure PCTCN2021115217-appb-000023
20.0mmol第四步制备的中间体Int-4和60.0mL的亚磷酸三乙酯混合,升温回流搅拌反应16小时,冷却到室温,减压浓缩干,用硅胶柱分离纯化,得到化合物Int-5,黄色固体,收率85%。
第六步:化合物CJHK684的制备
Figure PCTCN2021115217-appb-000024
10.0mmol第五步制备的中间体Int-5溶解于50mL干燥的二甲基亚砜中、在氮气保护下,用冰水浴降温至5℃,分批加入12.0mmol的65%氢化钠,搅拌反应1小时,再加入12.0mmol的2-([1,1'-联苯]-4-基)-4-氯-6-苯基-1,3,5-三嗪,升至室温,搅拌反应12小时,加入200mL水稀释,过滤,滤饼用水洗、乙醇洗,再用硅胶柱分离纯化,得到化合物CJHK684,黄色固体,收率60~70%。
实验数据:
CJHK684-1(X=O):
MS(MALDI-TOF):m/z 689.2357[M+H]+;1HNMR(δ、CDCl3):9.06~9.04(1H,m);8.53~8.46(3H,m);8.27~8.09(9H,m);7.95~7.87(3H,m);7.70~7.67(2H,m);7.49~7.38(6H,m);7.34~7.26(4H,m)。
CJHK684-2(X=S):
MS(MALDI-TOF):m/z 705.2131[M+H]+;1HNMR(δ、CDCl3):8.97~8.95(1H,m);8.52~8.45(4H,m);8.37(1H,s);8.25~8.07(10H,m);7.70~7.67(2H,m);7.49~7.46(2H,m);7.42~7.36(4H,m);7.34~7.36(4H,m)。
实施例2
化合物CJHK663~CJHK683、CJHK685~CJHK716的制备,参照实施例1的制备方法,将不同的卤代物替换为实施例1中第六步2-([1,1'-联苯]-4-基)-4-氯-6-苯基-1,3,5-三嗪,其他实验参数进行常规调整。
实施例3
化合物CJHK644的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
第一步:化合物Int-6的制备
Figure PCTCN2021115217-appb-000025
20.0mmol实施例1中第二步制备的中间体Int-2溶解于60mL干燥的THF中、在氮气保护下,用冰水浴降温至0℃,滴加入22.0mmol的2.5M正丁基锂正己烷溶液,搅拌反应1小时,升到室温搅拌反应5小时,再滴加入24.0mmol的碘溶于THF的溶液,搅拌反应2小时,滴加入20mL的饱和亚硫酸氢钠水溶液,用乙酸乙酯萃取,收集有机相,干燥,过滤,滤液减压浓缩干,再用硅胶柱分离纯化,得到化合物Int-6,白色固体,收率62%。
第二步:化合物Int-7的制备
Figure PCTCN2021115217-appb-000026
10.0mmol第一步制备的中间体Int-6溶解于80mL的N,N-二甲基甲酰胺中、在氮气保护下,加入12.0mmol的邻氯苯胺、10.0mmol的铜粉和25.0mmol的无水碳酸钾,升温到100℃搅拌反应8小时,冷却到室温,过滤,滤液倒入200mL的冰水中,过滤,滤饼用水洗,乙醇洗,固体用硅胶柱分离纯化,得到化合物Int-7,黄色固体,收率84%。
第三步:化合物Int-8的制备
Figure PCTCN2021115217-appb-000027
10.0mmol第二步制备的中间体Int-7溶解于80mL的甲苯中、在氮气保护下,加入15.0mmol的无水碳酸铯、1.0mmol的碘化亚铜和1.0mmol的醋酸钯以及2.0mmol的SPhos,升温到100℃搅拌反应12小时,冷却到室温,加入100mL的水稀释,用乙酸乙酯萃取,收集有机相,干燥,过滤,滤液减压浓缩干,用硅胶柱分离纯化,得到化合物Int-8,黄色固体,收率88%。
第四步:化合物CJHK644的制备
Figure PCTCN2021115217-appb-000028
10.0mmol上步制备的中间体Int-8溶解于50mL干燥的二甲基亚砜中、在氮气保护下,用冰水浴降温至5℃,分批加入12.0mmol的65%氢化钠,搅拌反应1小时,再加入12.0mmol的2-氯-3-苯基喹喔啉,升温至60℃,搅拌反应12小时,加入200mL水稀释,过滤,滤饼用水洗、乙醇洗,再用硅胶柱分离纯化,得到化合物CJHK644,黄色固体,收率70~80%。
实验数据:
CJHK644-1(X=O):
MS(MALDI-TOF):m/z 586.1937[M+H]+;1HNMR(δ、CDCl3):8.72(1H,s);8.52~8.49(1H,m);8.29~8.23(4H,m);8.04~7.89(8H,m);7.81~7.77(3H,m);7.56~7.46(4H,m);7.28~7.24(1H,m);7.16~7.13(1H,m)。
CJHK644-2(X=S):
MS(MALDI-TOF):m/z 602.1707[M+H]+;1HNMR(δ、CDCl3):8.79(1H, s);8.43~8.40(2H,m);8.27~8.17(6H,m);8.06~7.89(5H,m);7.81~7.79(2H,m);7.56~7.52(2H,m);7.44~7.36(3H,m);7.24~7.20(1H,m);7.16~7.13(1H,m)。
实施例4
化合物CJHK612~CJHK643、CJHK645~CJHK662的制备,参照实施例3的制备方法,不同之处在于,将不同的卤代物替换实施例3中第四步的2-氯-3-苯基喹喔啉,其他参数做适应性的调整。
实施例5
化合物CJHK549的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
第一步:化合物Int-9的制备
Figure PCTCN2021115217-appb-000029
在氮气保护下,15.0mmol的1-氯-8-碘-二苯并[b,d]呋喃或1-氯-8-碘-二苯并[b,d]噻吩分散在60mL甲苯中,加入16.0mmol的邻硝基苯硼酸频那醇酯、30.0mmol的无水碳酸钠、0.15g的Pd(PPh 3) 4催化剂,再加入30mL的乙醇和30mL的水,升温回流搅拌反应8小时,冷却到室温,加入100mL水稀释,用乙酸乙酯萃取,收集有机相,干燥,过滤,滤滤减压浓缩干,用硅胶柱分离纯化,得到黄色固体,收率82%。
第二步:化合物Int-10的制备
Figure PCTCN2021115217-appb-000030
在氮气保护下,10.0mmol的中间体Int-9溶解在60mL的N,N-二甲基甲酰胺中,加入12.0mmol的联硼酸频那醇酯、15.0mmol的无水碳酸铯、45.0mg 的醋酸钯催化剂和0.2g的双(二苯基膦基)二茂铁,升温到90℃搅拌反应8小时,冷却到室温,加入100mL水稀释,用乙酸乙酯萃取,收集有机相,干燥,过滤,滤滤减压浓缩干,用硅胶柱分离纯化,得到黄色固体,收率88%。
第三步:化合物Int-11的制备
Figure PCTCN2021115217-appb-000031
在氮气保护下,10.0mmol的中间体Int-10溶解在60mL的甲苯中,加入10.0mmol的1,8-二溴萘、20.0mmol的无水碳酸钠、45.0mg的Pd(PPh 3) 4钯催化剂,升温回流搅拌反应10小时,冷却到室温,加入100mL水稀释,用乙酸乙酯萃取,收集有机相,干燥,过滤,滤滤减压浓缩干,用硅胶柱分离纯化,得到黄色固体,收率76%。
第四步:化合物Int-12的制备
Figure PCTCN2021115217-appb-000032
在氮气保护下,10.0mmol的中间体Int-11溶解在100mL的氯苯中,加入30.0mmol的三苯基磷,升温回流搅拌反应15小时,冷却到室温,减压浓缩干,加入100mL的二氯甲烷,过滤,滤饼用甲醇洗,得到黄色固体,收率75~80%。
第五步:化合物Int-13的制备
Figure PCTCN2021115217-appb-000033
15.0mmol的中间体Int-12溶解于60mL干燥的N,N-二甲基甲酰胺中、在氮气保护下,用冰水浴降温至0℃,分批加入18.0mmol的65%氢化钠,搅拌反应1小时,再滴加入18.0mmol的5-苯基-2-溴氯苄的N,N-二甲基甲酰胺溶液,升至室温,搅拌反应12小时,加入200mL水稀释,过滤,滤饼用水洗、乙醇洗,得到化合物Int-13,黄色固体,收率85~90%。
第六步:化合物Int-14的制备
Figure PCTCN2021115217-appb-000034
20.0mmol中间体Int-13溶解于80mL的N,N-二甲基甲酰胺中,在氮气保护下,加入3.0mmol的醋酸钯、10.0mmol的苄基三甲基溴化铵、60.0mmol的无水碳酸铯和1.0mmol的SPhos配体,升温至90℃搅拌反应48小时,冷却到室温,加入200mL水稀释,过滤,滤饼用水洗、乙醇洗,固体用硅胶柱分离纯化,得到化合物Int-14,黄色固体,收率65%。
第七步:化合物CJHK549的制备
Figure PCTCN2021115217-appb-000035
15.0mmol的中间体Int-14溶解于150mL的氯仿中,加入30.0mmol的高锰酸钾和1.0g的18-冠-6,升温回流搅拌反应48小时,冷却到室温,过滤,滤饼用二氯甲烷洗,收集滤液,固体用硅胶柱分离纯化,再用甲苯-THF重结晶,得到化合物CJHK549,黄色固体,收率65~70%。
实验数据:
CJHK549-1(X=O):
MS(MALDI-TOF):m/z 560.1667[M+H]+;1HNMR(δ、CDCl3):8.90~8.88(1H,m);8.77~8.73(3H,m);8.38~8.32(4H,m);8.18~8.10(4H,m);7.88~7.85(2H,m);7.65~7.61(1H,m);7.54~7.49(3H,m);7.46~7.44(2H,m);7.39~7.37(1H,m)。
CJHK549-2(X=S):
MS(MALDI-TOF):m/z 576.1440[M+H]+;1HNMR(δ、CDCl3):8.75~8.72(2H,m);8.68(1H,s);8.65~8.63(1H,m);8.45~8.42(1H,m);8.21~8.12(7H,m);7.97~7.95(1H,d);7.92~7.90(1H,d);7.69~7.65(1H,m);7.54~7.49(3H,m);7.47~7.44(2H,m);7.39~7.37(1H,m)。
实施例6
化合物CJHK547-548、CJHK550-557的制备,参照实施例5化合物CJHK549的制备方法,不同之处在于,将不同的氯化苄替换实施例5中第五步的5-苯基-2-溴氯苄,其他试验参数做适应性的调整。
实施例7
化合物CJHK579的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
第一步:化合物Int-15的制备
Figure PCTCN2021115217-appb-000036
15.0mmol的苯并呋喃或苯并噻吩溶解于120mL干燥的THF中、在氮气保护下,用液氮降温至-78℃,滴加入18.0mmol的2.5M正丁基锂正己烷溶液,搅拌反应1小时,再滴加入12.5mmol的吲哚-3-甲醛溶于THF的溶液,升至室温,搅拌反应1小时,滴加入20mL的饱和氯化铵水溶液,用乙酸乙酯萃取,收集有机相,干燥,过滤,滤液减压浓缩干,过硅胶柱分离纯化,得到化合物Int-15,收率95%。
第二步:化合物Int-16的制备
Figure PCTCN2021115217-appb-000037
15.0mmol的中间体Int-15溶解于80mL的二氯甲烷中、在氮气保护下,加入18.0mmol的三乙基硅烷,缓慢滴加入15.0mmol的三氟乙酸溶于二氯甲烷的溶液,搅拌反应2小时,加入40mL的10%氢氧化钠水溶液,用二氯甲烷萃取,收集有机相,干燥,过滤,滤液减压浓缩干,过硅胶柱分离纯化,得到化合物Int-16,收率80~90%。
第三步:化合物Int-17的制备
Figure PCTCN2021115217-appb-000038
10.0mmol的中间体Int-16溶解在100mL乙醇中,加入5.0mmol的
Figure PCTCN2021115217-appb-000039
酸,再加入10.0mmol的8-溴-1-萘甲醛,搅拌反应12小时,过滤,滤饼用乙醇洗,得到白色固体,收率90~95%。
第四步:化合物Int-18的制备
Figure PCTCN2021115217-appb-000040
20.0mmol的中间体Int-17分散在250mL二甲苯中,升温至100℃,分批加入0.20mol的二氧化锰固体,升温回流搅拌反应24小时,冷却到室温,过滤,滤液减压浓缩干,用二氯甲烷/乙醇重结晶,得到黄色固体,收率85%。
第五步:化合物Int-19的制备
Figure PCTCN2021115217-appb-000041
10.0mmol的中间体Int-18溶解于50mL干燥的N,N-二甲基甲酰胺中、在氮气保护下,用冰水浴降温至0℃,分批加入12.0mmol的65%氢化钠,搅拌反应1小时,加入12.0mmol的2-氯-4,6-二苯基-1,3,5-三嗪,搅拌反应12小时,加入100mL水稀释,过滤,滤饼用水洗、乙醇洗,得到化合物Int-19,黄色固体,收率85~90%。
第六步:化合物CJHK579的制备
Figure PCTCN2021115217-appb-000042
10.0mmol的中间体Int-19溶解于60mL的二甲苯中、在氮气保护下,加入1.0mmol的碘化亚铜和1.0mmol的醋酸钯,再加入15.0mmol的无水碳酸铯和2.0mmol的SPhos配体,升温至110℃搅拌反应12小时,冷却到室温,过滤,滤饼用甲苯洗,滤液减压浓缩干,用硅胶柱分离纯化,得到化合物CJHK579,黄色固体,收率76~85%。
实验数据:
CJHK579-1(X=O):
MS(MALDI-TOF):m/z 613.2042[M+H]+;1HNMR(δ、CDCl3):8.83~8.81(1H,m);8.76~8.73(1H,m);8.60(1H,s);8.58~8.54(4H,m);8.41~8.37(5H,m);8.13~8.03(3H,m);7.86~7.83(1H,m);7.52~7.48(1H,m);7.45~7.40(6H,m);7.37~7.34(1H,m)。
CJHK579-2(X=S):
MS(MALDI-TOF):m/z 629.1818[M+H]+;1HNMR(δ、CDCl3):8.92~8.89(1H,m);8.73(1H,s);8.59~8.54(5H,m);8.44~8.24(7H,m);8.16~8.12(2H,m);7.53~7.49(1H,m);7.44~7.40(6H,m);7.36~7.32(1H,m)。
实施例8
化合物CJHK558~CJHK578、CJHK580~CJHK611,参照实施例7中化合物CJHK579的制备方法,不同之处在于,将不同的卤代物替换实施例7中第五步的2-氯-4,6-二苯基-1,3,5-三嗪,其他试验参数做适应性的调整。
实施例9
化合物CJHK497的制备方法,包括如下反应步骤:
第一步:中间体Int-20的制备
Figure PCTCN2021115217-appb-000043
10.0mmol的实施例5中第四步制备的中间体Int-12溶解在80mL的甲苯中,加入15.0mmol的无水碳酸钾和1.0mmol的碘化亚铜,再加入0.1mmol的醋酸钯和0.2mmol的SPhos配体,升温至100℃,搅拌反应12小时,冷却到室温,过滤,滤饼用水洗,固体用硅胶柱分离纯化,得到中间体Int-20,黄色固体,收率75~80%。
第二步:化合物CJHK497的制备
Figure PCTCN2021115217-appb-000044
在氮气保护下,10.0mmol的中间体Int-20溶解在60mL的甲苯中,加入 12.0mmol的3-溴-9-苯基咔唑、15.0mmol的叔丁醇钠和0.1mmol的Pd2(dba)3催化剂,再加入0.1mL的10%三叔丁基磷甲苯溶液,升温至90℃,搅拌反应12小时,冷却到室温,加入20mL水,用二氯甲烷萃取,收集有机相,干燥,过滤,滤液减压浓缩干,用硅胶柱分离纯化,得到产物CJHK497,浅黄色固体,收率75~80%。
CJHK497-1(X=O):
MS(MALDI-TOF):m/z 623.2141[M+H]+;1HNMR(δ、CDCl3):8.63~8.61(1H,m);8.49~8.47(1H,m);8.38~8.34(4H,m);8.06~7.97(5H,m);7.86~7.82(2H,m);7.56~7.48(5H,m);7.37~7.29(5H,m);7.24~7.19(3H,m)。
CJHK497-2(X=S):
MS(MALDI-TOF):m/z 639.1912[M+H]+;1HNMR(δ、CDCl3):8.55~8.53(2H,m);8.43~8.42(1H,m);8.35~8.26(5H,m);8.17~8.12(4H,m);8.07(1H,s);7.54~7.47(5H,m);7.38~7.28(5H,m);7.23~7.18(3H,m)。
实施例10
化合物CJHK486~CJHK496、化合物CJHK498~CJHK546的制备,参照实施例9中化合物CJHK497的制备方法,不同之处在于,将不同的卤代物替换实施例9中第二步的3-溴-9-苯基咔唑,其他试验参数做适应性的调整。
有机电致发光元件的制备
对比例1
将作为对比样品的下述的式A所示化合物作为绿光主体材料,使用下述的式B所示化合物作为绿光掺杂材料、式C所示化合物作为空穴注入材料、式D所示化合物作为空穴传输材料、式E所示化合物作为对比样品的红光主体材料、式F所示化合物作为红光掺杂材料、式G所示化合物作为电子传输掺杂材料、LiQ作为电子传输主体材料,如下所述的制备有机电致发光元件。
Figure PCTCN2021115217-appb-000045
将化学式
Figure PCTCN2021115217-appb-000046
Figure PCTCN2021115217-appb-000047
依次采用DOV公司制造的EL蒸镀机蒸镀到ITO玻璃上制作绿光元件,制得作为绿光对比例的有机电致发光元件。
将化学式
Figure PCTCN2021115217-appb-000048
Figure PCTCN2021115217-appb-000049
依次采用DOV公司制造的EL蒸镀机蒸镀到ITO玻璃上制作红光元件,制得作为红光对比例的有机电致发光元件。
试验例1
将化合物A替换为化合物CJHK486~CJHK716中的一种,采用对比例1的 方法制作有机电致发光元件:
Figure PCTCN2021115217-appb-000050
Figure PCTCN2021115217-appb-000051
所得元件的性能检测结果列于表1中,其中驱动电压(V)、电流效率(LE)、色坐标(CIE)、半峰宽(FWHM)是在元件的电流密度为10mA/cm 2条件下得出,且电压、LE、FWHM和LT90%相较参比元件进行了数据归一化处理。
表1:绿光元件性能检测结果
Figure PCTCN2021115217-appb-000052
由上可知,本发明的有机材料制备成的绿光元件相较于对比例1制备的元件,驱动电压低,电流效率较高,色纯度好,而且在元件发光亮度初始为2000cd/cm 2为初始的条件下,使用本发明的化合物作为绿光主体材料的元件寿命有很大提高。
表1中仅列举了部分的化合物的性能,其他化合物性能与表中列举的化合物的结构基本一致,由于篇幅有限,不再一一列举。
按照对比例1的方法制备有机电致法光红光元件,将前述的化合物E替换为本发明的化合物CJHK486~CJHK716,除此之外,采用同样的方法制作有机电致发光元件:
Figure PCTCN2021115217-appb-000053
Figure PCTCN2021115217-appb-000054
所得元件的性能检测结果列于表2中,其中驱动电压(V)、电流效率(LE)、色坐标(CIE)、半峰宽(FWHM)是在元件的电流密度为10mA/cm 2条件下得出,且电压、LE、FWHM和LT90%相较参比元件进行了数据归一化处理。
表2红光元件性能检测结果
Figure PCTCN2021115217-appb-000055
由表2的红光元件性能测试结果可知,本发明的有机材料制备成的元件相较于对比例1制备的红光元件驱动电压明显降低,电流效率高,发光色纯度好。在元件初始亮度为2000cd/cm 2为初始的条件下,使用本发明的化合物作为红光主体材料的元件LT90%寿命有明显改善。
表1中仅列举了部分的化合物的性能,其他化合物性能与表中列举的化合物的结构基本一致,由于篇幅有限,不再一一列举。
如图1和2所示,分别为本发明的有机电致发光装置的一个底部发光例子的示意图和有机电致发光装置的一个顶部发光例子的示意图,本发明制备的咔唑衍生物包含在发光层5中。
以上所述,仅为本发明的具体实施方式,但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此,任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内,可轻易想到变化或替换,都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。因此,本发明的保护范围应以所述权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种咔唑衍生物,其特征在于,所述的咔唑衍生物的结构式如式(I)所示:
    Figure PCTCN2021115217-appb-100001
    其中,R 1~R 6相同或不同,选自氢、氘、具有C 1~C 40的直链烷基、具有C 1~C 40的直链杂烷基、具有C 3~C 40的支链或环状的烷基、具有C 3~C 40的支链或环状的杂烷基、具有C 2~C 40的烯基或炔基、具有5~60个碳原子的芳香族环系或杂芳族环系中的一种,R 1~R 6每个基团可被一个或多个基团R取代,且其中两个或更多个相邻的取代基团可以任选地接合或稠合形成单环或多环的脂族、芳族或杂芳族环系;
    X选自O或S;
    W在每次出现时相同或不同,选自CR或N,并且任两个相邻的基团W代表下式(1)或(2)的基团:
    Figure PCTCN2021115217-appb-100002
    其中,G为C(R) 2、NR、氧或硫;Z在每次出现时相同或不同,Z为CR或N,并且“^”代表相邻基团W;
    R每次出现时相同或不同,选自氢原子、氘原子、卤素原子、腈基、硝基、N(Ar 1) 2、N(R 7) 2、C(=O)Ar 1、C(=O)R 7、P(=O)(Ar 1) 2、具有C 1~C 40的直链烷基、具有C 1~C 40的直链杂烷基、具有C 3~C 40的支链或环状的烷基、具有C 3~C 40的支链或环状的杂烷基、具有C 2~C 40的烯基或炔基、具有5~80个、优选5~60个碳原子的芳族环或杂芳族环系、具有5~60个碳原子的芳氧基或杂芳氧基中的一种,R基团中的每个基团可被一个或多个基团R 7取代,或这些体系的组合,其中一个或多个非相邻的-CH 2-基团可被R 7C=CR 7、C≡C、Si(R 7) 2、Ge(R 7) 2、Sn(R 7) 2、C=O、C=S、C=Se、C=NR 7、P(=O)(R 7)、SO、SO 2、NR 7、O、S或CONR 7代替,并且其中一个或多个氢原子或被氘原子、卤素原子、腈基或硝基代替,其中两个或更多个相邻的取代基R可以任选地接合或稠合形成单环或多环的脂族、芳族或杂芳族环系,所述环系可被一个或多个基团R 7取代;
    R 7在每次出现时相同或不同,选自氢原子、氘原子、卤素原子、腈基、硝基、N(Ar 1) 2、N(R 8) 2、C(=O)Ar 1、C(=O)R 8、P(=O)(Ar 1) 2、具有C 1~C 40的直链烷基、具有C 1~C 40的直链杂烷基、具有C 3~C 40的支链或环状的烷基、具有C 3~C 40的支链或环状的杂烷基、具有C 2~C 40的烯基或炔基、具有5~60个碳原子的芳族环或杂芳族环系、具有5~60个碳原子的芳氧基或杂芳氧基中的一种,R 7中的每个基团可被一个或多个基团R 8取代,或这些体系的组合,其中一个或多个非相邻的-CH 2-基团可被R 8C=CR 8、C≡C、Si(R 8) 2、Ge(R 8) 2、Sn(R 8) 2、C=O、C=S、C=Se、C=NR 8、P(=O)(R 8)、SO、SO 2、NR 8、O、S或CONR 8代替,并且其中一个或多个氢原子可被氘原子、卤素原子、腈基或硝基代替,其中两个或更多个相邻的取代基R可以任选地接合或稠合形成单环或多环的脂族、芳族或杂芳族环系,所述环系可被一个或多个基团R 8取代;
    Ar 1在每次出现时相同或不同,选自具有5~30个碳原子的芳族或杂芳族环系,所述环系可被一个或多个非芳族基团R 8取代;此处键合至同一氮原子或磷原子的两个基团Ar 3也可通过单键或选自N(R 8)、C(R 8) 2、氧或硫的桥连基彼此桥连;
    R 8选自氢原子、氘原子、氟原子、腈基、具有C 1~C 20的脂族烃基、具有5~30个碳原子的芳族环或杂芳族环系,R 8中一个或多个氢原子可被氘原子、卤素原子、或腈基代替,其中两个或更多个相邻的取代基R 8可彼此形成单环或多环的脂族、芳族或杂芳族环系。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的咔唑衍生物,其特征在于,所述R 1~R 6相同或不同,选自氢、氘、具有5~60个碳原子的芳香族环系或杂芳族环系中的一种,R 1~R 6每个基团可被一个或多个基团R取代,且其中两个或更多个相邻的取代基团可以任选地接合或稠合形成单环或多环的脂族、芳族或杂芳族环系;
    X选自O或S;
    W在每次出现时相同或不同,选自CR或N,并且任两个相邻的基团W代表下式(1)或(2)的基团:
    X选自O或S;
    W在每次出现时相同或不同,选自CR或N,并且任两个相邻的基团W代表下式(1)或(2)的基团:
    Figure PCTCN2021115217-appb-100003
    其中,G为C(R) 2、NR、氧或硫;Z在每次出现时相同或不同,Z为CR或N,并且“^”代表相邻基团W;
    R每次出现时相同或不同,选自氢原子、氘原子、卤素原子、腈基、硝基、N(Ar 1) 2、N(R 7) 2、C(=O)Ar 1、C(=O)R 7、P(=O)(Ar 1) 2、具有C 1~C 40的直链烷基、具有C 1~C 40的直链杂烷基、具有C 3~C 40的支链或环状的烷基、具有C 3~C 40的支链或环状的杂烷基、具有C 2~C 40的烯基或炔基、具有5~80个、优选5~60个碳原子的芳族环或杂芳族环系、具有5~60个碳原子的芳氧基或杂芳氧基中的一 种,R基团中的每个基团可被一个或多个基团R 7取代,或这些体系的组合,其中一个或多个非相邻的-CH 2-基团可被R 7C=CR 7、C≡C、Si(R 7) 2、Ge(R 7) 2、Sn(R 7) 2、C=O、C=S、C=Se、C=NR 7、P(=O)(R 7)、SO、SO 2、NR 7、O、S或CONR 7代替,并且其中一个或多个氢原子或被氘原子、卤素原子、腈基或硝基代替,其中两个或更多个相邻的取代基R可以任选地接合或稠合形成单环或多环的脂族、芳族或杂芳族环系,所述环系可被一个或多个基团R 7取代;
    R 7在每次出现时相同或不同,选自氢原子、氘原子、卤素原子、腈基、硝基、N(Ar 1) 2、N(R 8) 2、C(=O)Ar 1、C(=O)R 8、P(=O)(Ar 1) 2、具有C 1~C 40的直链烷基、具有C 1~C 40的直链杂烷基、具有C 3~C 40的支链或环状的烷基、具有C 3~C 40的支链或环状的杂烷基、具有C 2~C 40的烯基或炔基、具有5~60个碳原子的芳族环或杂芳族环系、具有5~60个碳原子的芳氧基或杂芳氧基中的一种,R 7中的每个基团可被一个或多个基团R 8取代,或这些体系的组合,其中一个或多个非相邻的-CH 2-基团可被R 8C=CR 8、C≡C、Si(R 8) 2、Ge(R 8) 2、Sn(R 8) 2、C=O、C=S、C=Se、C=NR 8、P(=O)(R 8)、SO、SO 2、NR 8、O、S或CONR 8代替,并且其中一个或多个氢原子可被氘原子、卤素原子、腈基或硝基代替,其中两个或更多个相邻的取代基R可以任选地接合或稠合形成单环或多环的脂族、芳族或杂芳族环系,所述环系可被一个或多个基团R 8取代;
    Ar 1在每次出现时相同或不同,选自具有5~30个碳原子的芳族或杂芳族环系,所述环系可被一个或多个非芳族基团R 8取代;此处键合至同一氮原子或磷原子的两个基团Ar 3也可通过单键或选自N(R 8)、C(R 8) 2、氧或硫的桥连基彼此桥连;
    R 8选自氢原子、氘原子、氟原子、腈基、具有C 1~C 20的脂族烃基、具有5~30个碳原子的芳族环或杂芳族环系,R 8中一个或多个氢原子可被氘原子、卤素原子、或腈基代替,其中两个或更多个相邻的取代基R 8可彼此形成单环或多环的脂族、芳族或杂芳族环系。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的咔唑衍生物,其特征在于,所述的咔唑衍生 物具体结构如CJHK486~CJHK716中的一种:
    Figure PCTCN2021115217-appb-100004
    Figure PCTCN2021115217-appb-100005
    Figure PCTCN2021115217-appb-100006
    Figure PCTCN2021115217-appb-100007
    Figure PCTCN2021115217-appb-100008
    Figure PCTCN2021115217-appb-100009
    Figure PCTCN2021115217-appb-100010
    Figure PCTCN2021115217-appb-100011
    Figure PCTCN2021115217-appb-100012
    Figure PCTCN2021115217-appb-100013
    Figure PCTCN2021115217-appb-100014
    Figure PCTCN2021115217-appb-100015
    Figure PCTCN2021115217-appb-100016
    Figure PCTCN2021115217-appb-100017
    其中,X各自独立的选自O或S。
  4. 一种权利要求1-3任意一项所述的咔唑衍生物在有机元件用材料中的应用。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的应用,其特征在于,所述的有机元件用材料为有机电致发光元件用材料、有机场效应晶体管用材料或有机薄膜太阳电池用材料。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的应用,其特征在于,所述的有机电致发光元件用材料为发光层用材料。
  7. 根据权利要求5所述的应用,其特征在于,所述的有机电致发光元件用材料为电子输送层材料、孔穴输送层材料或封装层材料。
  8. 一种有机电致发光元件,包括第一电极、第二电极和置于第一电极和第二电极之间的至少一层的有机层,其特征在于,所述的有机层至少一层包含权利要求1-3任意一项所述的咔唑衍生物。
  9. 一种显示装置,其特征在于,包括权利要求8所述的有机电致发光元件。
  10. 一种照明装置,其特征在于,包括权利要求8所述的有机电致发光元件。
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