WO2022086229A1 - Pha 조성물 및 이의 제조 방법 - Google Patents
Pha 조성물 및 이의 제조 방법 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022086229A1 WO2022086229A1 PCT/KR2021/014826 KR2021014826W WO2022086229A1 WO 2022086229 A1 WO2022086229 A1 WO 2022086229A1 KR 2021014826 W KR2021014826 W KR 2021014826W WO 2022086229 A1 WO2022086229 A1 WO 2022086229A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- pha
- composition
- present
- properties
- hydroxybutyrate
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 239000005014 poly(hydroxyalkanoate) Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 229920000903 polyhydroxyalkanoate Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- SJZRECIVHVDYJC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 4-hydroxybutyrate Chemical compound OCCCC([O-])=O SJZRECIVHVDYJC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- WHBMMWSBFZVSSR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 3-hydroxybutyrate Chemical compound CC(O)CC([O-])=O WHBMMWSBFZVSSR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 9
- WHBMMWSBFZVSSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N R3HBA Natural products CC(O)CC(O)=O WHBMMWSBFZVSSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000565 sealant Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 208000037534 Progressive hemifacial atrophy Diseases 0.000 claims 3
- 238000012017 passive hemagglutination assay Methods 0.000 claims 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 21
- 229920000704 biodegradable plastic Polymers 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000017423 tissue regeneration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920002799 BoPET Polymers 0.000 description 1
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010021639 Incontinence Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000001185 bone marrow Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000000845 cartilage Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002526 effect on cardiovascular system Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004009 herbicide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012943 hotmelt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 239000010954 inorganic particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001684 low density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004702 low-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000116 mitigating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002362 mulch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010813 municipal solid waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000005036 nerve Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 235000012149 noodles Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000000399 orthopedic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012785 packaging film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006280 packaging film Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000575 pesticide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012945 sealing adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000002435 tendon Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000844 transformation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013618 yogurt Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G63/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G63/02—Polyesters derived from hydroxycarboxylic acids or from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds
- C08G63/06—Polyesters derived from hydroxycarboxylic acids or from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds derived from hydroxycarboxylic acids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L67/00—Compositions of polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L67/04—Polyesters derived from hydroxycarboxylic acids, e.g. lactones
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J167/00—Adhesives based on polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09J167/04—Polyesters derived from hydroxycarboxylic acids, e.g. lactones
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2201/00—Properties
- C08L2201/06—Biodegradable
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
- C08L2205/02—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing two or more polymers of the same C08L -group
- C08L2205/025—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing two or more polymers of the same C08L -group containing two or more polymers of the same hierarchy C08L, and differing only in parameters such as density, comonomer content, molecular weight, structure
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a biodegradable plastic polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) composition having improved adhesive properties and mechanical properties, and a method for preparing the same.
- PHA biodegradable plastic polyhydroxyalkanoate
- Polyhydroxyalkanoates are used in films (eg, packaging films, agricultural films, mulch films), golf tees, caps and closures, agricultural supports and stakes, paper and board coatings (eg, cups). , plates, boxes, etc.), thermoformed products (e.g. trays, containers, yogurt jars, flowerpots, noodles, molds, etc.), housings (e.g. for electronics), sacks (e.g.
- PHA is also used for sutures, repair devices, repair patches, slings, cardiovascular patches, orthopedic pins, attachment barriers, stents, guided tissue repair/regeneration devices, cartilage repair devices, nerve guidance devices, tendon repair devices, bone marrow scaffolds. , and the development of biomedical devices including wound dressings.
- Korean Patent Application No. 10-2020-0046051 discloses a polyester with a specific molecular weight of PHA and a content of 4HB, but it is difficult to improve adhesive properties with the disclosed configuration.
- biodegradable adhesive composition that is biodegradable and has adhesive properties at the same time as an environmentally and human-friendly composition using a biodegradable plastic alone material.
- PHA polyhydroxyalkanoate
- the present invention provides polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA),
- PHA poly-3-hydroxybutyrate-co-4-hydroxybutyrate
- a PHA composition wherein the PHA has a weight average molecular weight of Mw of 130,000 to 700,000 and a number average molecular weight of Mn of 60,000 to 350,000.
- the PHA may include two or more types of PHAs having different 4HB content.
- the adhesive strength according to ASTM D1876 evaluation standard of the PHA composition according to the present invention may be 1 kg/in or more.
- the tensile strength according to the ASTM D638 evaluation standard may be 0.1 Mpa or more.
- the elongation according to the ASTM D638 evaluation standard may be 200% or more.
- the composition according to the present invention may be used as a sealant.
- the manufacturing method of the present invention may include mixing two or more types of PHAs having different 4HB content.
- the method may include mixing two types of PHAs having different 4HB contents in a weight ratio of 10:90 to 90:10.
- composition having excellent adhesive properties with a plastic material by improving adhesive properties with a single component of biodegradable PHA without requiring additional chemical substances.
- composition having improved mechanical properties such as tensile strength and elongation properties as well as adhesive properties.
- the expression “between” is used as an expression including the corresponding numerical value. Specifically, for example, the expression “1 to 2” is meant to include all numbers between 1 and 2 as well as 1 and 2.
- PHA copolymer refers to a polymer composed of at least two different hydroxy alkanoic acid monomers.
- PHA polyhydroxyalkanoate
- 4-hydroxybutyrate (4-hydroxybutyrate, 4HB) comprising 5 to 80%
- PHA poly-3-hydroxybutyrate-co-4-hydroxybutyrate
- a PHA composition wherein the PHA has a weight average molecular weight of 130,000 to 700,000 Mn and a number average molecular weight of 60,000 to 350,000 Mn.
- the PHA in the PHA, 5 to 80%, for example 5% or more, also 10% or more, 20% or more, for example 80% or less, further 60% or less, 50% or less can
- the PHA 5 to 80%, for example, 5% or more, and also 10% or more, for example 80% or less, and also 70% or less, 60% or less, 50% or less may be included.
- the PHA weight average molecular weight of the present invention may be Mw 130,000 to 700,000, for example, Mw 130,000 or more, and also Mw 150,000 or more, Mw 200,000 or more, Mw 250,000 or more, for example Mw 700,000 or less, and 650,000 or less. there is.
- the number average molecular weight may be Mn 60,000 to 350,000, for example Mn 60,000 or more, Mn 70,000 or more, Mn 80,000 or more, such as Mn 350,000 or less, and Mn 330,000 or less, Mn 300,000 or less.
- the PHA may include two or more types of PHAs having different 4HB content. Specifically, for example, it may include PHA in which two types of PHA having different 4HB content are mixed in a weight ratio of 10:90 to 90:10, for example, 30:70 to 70:30. Specifically, for example, it may include a PHA mixture in which PHA containing 10 g of 10% 4HB and PHA containing 90 g of 50% 4HB are mixed.
- the PHA may include a combination of crystalline PHA and amorphous PHA.
- the 4HB content may be included in 15% or less, and in the case of amorphous PHA, the 4HB content may be included in 20 to 80%.
- 30 g of a crystalline PHA polymer having a 4HB content of 10% may be mixed with 70 g of an amorphous PHA polymer having a 4HB content of 50%.
- the PHA composition of the present invention may have an adhesive strength of 1 kg/in or more, for example, 1.5 kg/in or more, and also 2 kg/in or more according to the ASTM D1876 evaluation standard.
- the PHA composition of the present invention may have a tensile strength of 0.1 Mpa or more, for example, 0.12 Mpa or more, and 0.14 Mpa or more according to ASTM D638 evaluation standard.
- the PHA composition of the present invention may have an elongation of 200% or more according to the ASTM D638 evaluation standard, for example, 220% or more.
- PHA poly-3-hydroxybutyrate-co-4-hydroxybutyrate
- the present invention provides a method for preparing a PHA composition, wherein the PHA has a weight average molecular weight of Mw of 130,000 to 700,000 and a number average molecular weight of Mn of 60,000 to 350,000.
- the manufacturing method of the present invention may include mixing two or more types of PHAs having different 4HB content.
- the composition according to the present invention has excellent adhesion to a plastic material, and in particular, excellent adhesion to a polyester-based material. Therefore, it can be manufactured from, for example, a hot melt material, a hot sealing adhesive material, or the like. In addition, since mechanical properties such as tensile strength and elongation properties as well as adhesive properties can be improved, it can be manufactured using a sealant, for example, a sealant film material. Unlike conventional materials such as LDPE and EVA, the composition of the present invention does not contain additives such as inorganic particles. there is.
- Poly-3-hydroxybutyrate-co 50% 4-hydrobutyrate (Mw 450,000, Mn 223,000) material, 50 ⁇ m thickness and 10 X 10cm size sheet specimen was prepared by a hot presser at 140 °C and 10 bar did That is, the P3HB-co-4HB copolymer consists of a corresponding monomer comprising 50% of 3HB monomer and 50% of 4HB monomer in the total polymer structure.
- a sheet specimen was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that a poly-3-hydroxybutyrate-co 50% 4-hydrobutyrate (Mw 360,000 Mn 149,000) material was used for the preparation of the specimen.
- a sheet specimen was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that a poly-3-hydroxybutyrate-co 50% 4-hydrobutyrate (Mw 290,000, Mn 145,000) material was used for the preparation of the specimen.
- a sheet specimen was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that a poly-3-hydroxybutyrate-co 33% 4-hydrobutyrate (Mw 400,000 Mn 160,000) material was used for the preparation of the specimen.
- a sheet specimen was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that a poly-3-hydroxybutyrate-co 33% 4-hydrobutyrate (Mw 500,000, Mn 270,000) material was used for the preparation of the specimen.
- a sheet specimen was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that a poly-3-hydroxybutyrate-co 33% 4-hydrobutyrate (Mw 640,000, Mn 320,000) material was used to prepare the specimen.
- a sheet specimen was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that a poly-3-hydroxybutyrate-co 28% 4-hydrobutyrate (Mw 330,000, Mn 147,000) material was used for preparing the specimen.
- a sheet specimen was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that a poly-3-hydroxybutyrate-co 28% 4-hydrobutyrate (Mw 550,000 Mn 220,000) material was used for the preparation of the specimen.
- Table 1 shows the mechanical properties and adhesive strength measurement results of Examples 1 to 9.
- Example 1 40-60 0.2 663 3.3
- Example 2 40-60 0.16 482 3.5
- Example 3 40-60 0.14 328 2.3
- Example 4 40-60 0.91 1246 2.5
- Example 5 40-60 0.84 664 2.2
- Example 6 40-60 1.51 783 2.8
- Example 7 40-60 2.84 1661 3.7
- Example 8 40-60 8.32 1378 2.4
- Example 9 40-60 2.56 234 2.8
- the adhesive strength of the composition according to the present invention was all confirmed to be 2 kg/in or more, it was confirmed that the use of a biodegradable plastic adhesive or sealant was suitable.
- the above results represent the evaluation values of the physical properties of the PHA composition alone according to the present invention, the above physical properties can be further strengthened when a commonly used additive is added.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Adhesives Or Adhesive Processes (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Biological Depolymerization Polymers (AREA)
- Polyesters Or Polycarbonates (AREA)
- Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)
Abstract
Description
두께(㎛) | 인장강도(Mpa) | 신율(%) | 접착강도(kg/in) | |
실시예1 | 40-60 | 0.2 | 663 | 3.3 |
실시예2 | 40-60 | 0.16 | 482 | 3.5 |
실시예3 | 40-60 | 0.14 | 328 | 2.3 |
실시예4 | 40-60 | 0.91 | 1246 | 2.5 |
실시예5 | 40-60 | 0.84 | 664 | 2.2 |
실시예6 | 40-60 | 1.51 | 783 | 2.8 |
실시예7 | 40-60 | 2.84 | 1661 | 3.7 |
실시예8 | 40-60 | 8.32 | 1378 | 2.4 |
실시예9 | 40-60 | 2.56 | 234 | 2.8 |
Claims (9)
- 폴리히드록시알카노에이트(PHA) 내,3-히드록시부티레이트(3HB) 5 내지 80%; 및4-히드록시부티레이트(4HB) 5 내지 80%를 포함하고,상기 PHA가 폴리-3-히드록시부티레이트-co-4-히드록시부티레이트(P3HB-4HB)이고,상기 PHA의 중량평균 분자량이 Mw 130,000 내지 700,000이고, 수평균 분자량이 Mn 60,000 내지 350,000인, PHA 조성물.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 PHA가 4HB의 함량이 서로 다른 2종 이상의 PHA를 포함하는 것인, PHA 조성물.
- 제1항에 있어서,ASTM D1876 평가 규격에 따른 접착 강도가 1kg/in 이상인 것인, PHA 조성물.
- 제1항에 있어서,ASTM D638 평가 규격에 따른 인장강도가 0.1 Mpa 이상인 것인, PHA 조성물.
- 제1항에 있어서,ASTM D638 평가 규격에 따른 신율이 200% 이상인 것인, PHA 조성물.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 조성물이 실란트 용도인 것인, PHA 조성물.
- 제1항에 따른 조성물을 제조하는 PHA 조성물의 제조방법.
- 제7항에 있어서,4HB의 함량이 서로 다른 2종 이상의 PHA를 혼합하는 단계를 포함하는 것인, PHA 조성물의 제조방법.
- 제7항에 있어서,4HB의 함량이 서로 다른 2종의 PHA를 10:90 내지 90:10의 중량비로 혼합하는 단계를 포함하는 것인, PHA 조성물의 제조방법.
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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EP21883297.0A EP4234604A1 (en) | 2020-10-23 | 2021-10-21 | Pha composition and method for manufacturing same |
US18/032,741 US20230392005A1 (en) | 2020-10-23 | 2021-10-21 | Pha composition and method for manufacturing same |
JP2023519254A JP2023543447A (ja) | 2020-10-23 | 2021-10-21 | Pha組成物及びその製造方法 |
CN202180072534.3A CN116390987A (zh) | 2020-10-23 | 2021-10-21 | Pha组合物及其制备方法 |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
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KR10-2020-0137921 | 2020-10-23 | ||
KR1020200137921A KR20220053784A (ko) | 2020-10-23 | 2020-10-23 | Pha 조성물 및 이의 제조 방법 |
Publications (1)
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WO2022086229A1 true WO2022086229A1 (ko) | 2022-04-28 |
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PCT/KR2021/014826 WO2022086229A1 (ko) | 2020-10-23 | 2021-10-21 | Pha 조성물 및 이의 제조 방법 |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US20230392005A1 (ko) |
EP (1) | EP4234604A1 (ko) |
JP (1) | JP2023543447A (ko) |
KR (2) | KR20220053784A (ko) |
CN (1) | CN116390987A (ko) |
WO (1) | WO2022086229A1 (ko) |
Families Citing this family (2)
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WO2024005601A1 (ko) * | 2022-06-30 | 2024-01-04 | 씨제이제일제당(주) | 의료용 조성물 |
WO2024025290A1 (ko) * | 2022-07-29 | 2024-02-01 | 씨제이제일제당(주) | 식물 생장 촉진제 및 이를 포함하는 식물 생장 촉진용 조성물 |
Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6201083B1 (en) * | 1997-09-18 | 2001-03-13 | Monsanto Company | Modified polyhydroxyalkanoates for production of coatings and films |
JP2011140656A (ja) * | 2003-02-21 | 2011-07-21 | Metabolix Inc | Phaブレンド |
KR20120104168A (ko) * | 2009-08-27 | 2012-09-20 | 메타볼릭스 인코포레이티드 | 강인화된 폴리하이드록시알카노에이트 조성물 |
KR20190073155A (ko) * | 2017-12-18 | 2019-06-26 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 폴리하이드록시알카노에이트를 포함하는 접착제 조성물 |
KR20200046051A (ko) | 2017-08-29 | 2020-05-06 | 미쯔비시 가스 케미칼 컴파니, 인코포레이티드 | 4-하이드록시부티레이트 단위를 포함하는 폴리에스테르 |
KR20200137921A (ko) | 2019-05-30 | 2020-12-09 | (주)이노시뮬레이션 | 운전자 주행 의도 추정 시스템 |
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2020
- 2020-10-23 KR KR1020200137921A patent/KR20220053784A/ko active Application Filing
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2021
- 2021-10-21 US US18/032,741 patent/US20230392005A1/en active Pending
- 2021-10-21 EP EP21883297.0A patent/EP4234604A1/en active Pending
- 2021-10-21 WO PCT/KR2021/014826 patent/WO2022086229A1/ko active Application Filing
- 2021-10-21 JP JP2023519254A patent/JP2023543447A/ja active Pending
- 2021-10-21 CN CN202180072534.3A patent/CN116390987A/zh active Pending
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2023
- 2023-06-13 KR KR1020230075362A patent/KR20230088664A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6201083B1 (en) * | 1997-09-18 | 2001-03-13 | Monsanto Company | Modified polyhydroxyalkanoates for production of coatings and films |
JP2011140656A (ja) * | 2003-02-21 | 2011-07-21 | Metabolix Inc | Phaブレンド |
KR20120104168A (ko) * | 2009-08-27 | 2012-09-20 | 메타볼릭스 인코포레이티드 | 강인화된 폴리하이드록시알카노에이트 조성물 |
KR20200046051A (ko) | 2017-08-29 | 2020-05-06 | 미쯔비시 가스 케미칼 컴파니, 인코포레이티드 | 4-하이드록시부티레이트 단위를 포함하는 폴리에스테르 |
KR20190073155A (ko) * | 2017-12-18 | 2019-06-26 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 폴리하이드록시알카노에이트를 포함하는 접착제 조성물 |
KR20200137921A (ko) | 2019-05-30 | 2020-12-09 | (주)이노시뮬레이션 | 운전자 주행 의도 추정 시스템 |
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KR20220053784A (ko) | 2022-05-02 |
EP4234604A1 (en) | 2023-08-30 |
CN116390987A (zh) | 2023-07-04 |
JP2023543447A (ja) | 2023-10-16 |
KR20230088664A (ko) | 2023-06-20 |
US20230392005A1 (en) | 2023-12-07 |
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