WO2022083559A1 - 一种具备带智能识别可分离式工作头的电动工具 - Google Patents

一种具备带智能识别可分离式工作头的电动工具 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022083559A1
WO2022083559A1 PCT/CN2021/124520 CN2021124520W WO2022083559A1 WO 2022083559 A1 WO2022083559 A1 WO 2022083559A1 CN 2021124520 W CN2021124520 W CN 2021124520W WO 2022083559 A1 WO2022083559 A1 WO 2022083559A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
working head
motor
power tool
intelligent identification
assembly
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PCT/CN2021/124520
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
罗小军
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宁波新港工具有限公司
罗小军
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Application filed by 宁波新港工具有限公司, 罗小军 filed Critical 宁波新港工具有限公司
Publication of WO2022083559A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022083559A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25F—COMBINATION OR MULTI-PURPOSE TOOLS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DETAILS OR COMPONENTS OF PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS NOT PARTICULARLY RELATED TO THE OPERATIONS PERFORMED AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B25F3/00—Associations of tools for different working operations with one portable power-drive means; Adapters therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25F—COMBINATION OR MULTI-PURPOSE TOOLS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DETAILS OR COMPONENTS OF PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS NOT PARTICULARLY RELATED TO THE OPERATIONS PERFORMED AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B25F5/00—Details or components of portable power-driven tools not particularly related to the operations performed and not otherwise provided for

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electric tool, more particularly to an electric tool with a detachable working head with intelligent identification.
  • Handheld power tools are popular with consumers due to their high work efficiency, and have become one of the most widely used tools in work and life. They can be divided into handheld gun drills, handheld impact wrenches, and handheld electric punches Scissors, Handheld Angle Grinders, Handheld Impact Screwdrivers, Handheld Polishers, etc.
  • the hand-held power tool is a machine in which the controller controls the motor to drive the work head to achieve mechanized operation.
  • the work head and the motor are integrated and then fixed to the drive handle and integrated into one, so that it can be easily carried to the workplace and operated by hand.
  • the above structure has the following shortcomings: first, wear is inevitable in the working process of the working head, excessive wear under frequent use will easily damage the working head, and the integrated design leads to the damage of the working head.
  • the entire power tool must be discarded. Consumers have to repurchase the entire power tool, but at this time, the motor in the drive handle (especially the brushless motor, which has the characteristics of long service life), switches, controllers and other components are often available in good condition.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a power tool with a working head and a drive handle that are of a split design, and the same drive handle can be adapted to different types of working heads.
  • a power tool with a detachable working head with intelligent identification comprising:
  • a drive handle having a power supply for power supply and a controller for command processing
  • the motor is installed in the drive handle, and the speed is controlled by the controller;
  • the working head is driven by the motor, and is detachably installed on the drive handle in a state opposite to the motor;
  • the assembly and disassembly assembly includes a limit part connected with the working head and the motor and a detachable and fixed assembly and disassembly part, and the assembly and disassembly assembly fixed with the working head is detachably installed on the drive handle;
  • the sensed element is installed in the assembly and disassembly assembly fixed with the working head, and it is prefabricated with parameter information matching the type of the working head;
  • the sensing element is installed in the drive handle relative to the sensed element, and is used to sense the preset parameters in the sensed element, and send the parameters to the controller, and the controller controls the motor correspondingly.
  • the assembly and disassembly assembly is composed of two opposite front-end cages and rear-end cages.
  • the opposite ends of the cage and the rear cage are detachable parts and can be detachably connected.
  • the mounting and dismounting parts of the front-end cage and the rear-end cage are respectively formed with a plurality of receiving holes and mounting holes that can correspond one-to-one, and each mounting hole is installed with a mounting hole that can be inserted and matched with the receiving hole.
  • the positioning pin is used to limit the radial movement or relative rotation of the driving handle and the working head through the plug-in fit.
  • the motor output shaft passes through the rear end cage and is installed with splines
  • the input end of the working head passes through the front end cage along the same axis as the motor output end, and is installed with a connector for receiving the splines
  • the connector is provided with There are connecting teeth that can mesh with the spline teeth to rotate synchronously when the spline rotates.
  • a locking piece is sleeved on the input end of the working head on one side of the limiting part of the front end cage, the locking piece can rotate around the input end of the working head with a fixed axis, and a plurality of arcs are formed on the outer peripheral wall of the locking piece
  • the lock head is formed by the part between any two adjacent arc-shaped grooves.
  • the receiving hole on the peripheral side of the locking piece is C-shaped and its open end faces the locking piece, and the outer peripheral wall of each positioning pin is provided with an annular groove, which passes through the annular groove when the lock head rotates with the locking piece.
  • a corresponding chute is provided on the docking position between the working head and the front-end holder, and the lock head is accommodated by the chute to prevent the lock head from rotating over-position.
  • a paddle is installed on the lock head, and the operating end of the paddle is located outside the chute.
  • the assembling and disassembling parts of the front-end holder and the rear-end holder are respectively provided with opposite first slots and second slots, and the sensed element and the sensing element are respectively installed in the first slot and the second slot. in the slot.
  • the sensed element and the sensing element are respectively a magnet and a Hall element or an infrared transmitter and an infrared receiver respectively.
  • a switch for controlling the on-off of the circuit is installed on the drive handle.
  • the drive handle includes a left casing and a right casing which are arranged side by side and are formed with a through groove inside, and the two through grooves form a through cavity after the left casing and the right casing are fixed, so as to connect the motor, the induction element and the control The device is stored in the through cavity.
  • the through-cavity includes first open ends located on the upper parts of the left and right casings, and the first open ends are closed by the limiting portion of the assembly and disassembly assembly.
  • the through cavity further includes second open ends located at the lower parts of the left and right casings, the power supply part is located at the lower end of the drive handle, and the upper part thereof is inserted into the second open ends to be fixed.
  • the power supply part includes a button installed on the outer side to separate it from the drive handle, one end of the button forms a blocking block and passes through the interior of the power supply part to the upper part thereof, and the left side above the second open end
  • the casing and the right casing are formed with opposite mounting plates, and the two mounting plates are provided with positioning holes which can communicate with each other and are used for passing through the clamping blocks at the docking positions.
  • the power supply unit includes a battery pack.
  • the quick separation and installation of the work head and the drive handle are realized by the assembly and disassembly assembly.
  • the drive handle with high manufacturing cost that has not reached the service life of the power tool is retained, and at the same time It greatly enriches the types of work heads that can be adapted, and provides users with more diverse choices. There is no need to purchase or prepare a variety of whole power tools for work, which ensures the continuity of the intact parts of the power tools to be replaced. Use to avoid material waste, in line with the green concept of today's social development, and greatly reduce the cost of users.
  • the fixation effect of the assembly and disassembly assembly is good, and can provide axial, radial and anti-deflection fixation for the working head and the drive handle installed with the motor.
  • a corresponding sensed element is set in the assembly and disassembly assembly of each working head.
  • the sensed element is prefabricated with parameter information matching the type of working head.
  • the parameter information includes information such as the type and model of the corresponding working head.
  • a sensing element is installed in the assembly and disassembly assembly on the drive handle corresponding to the position of the sensed element. The sensing element is used to sense the preset parameters in the sensed element and send the parameters to the controller.
  • the controller judges the parameter signal and determines the
  • the control program corresponding to the type of working head contained in the parameter signal controls the working voltage, current and speed of the motor by the determined control program, so as to ensure that different types of working heads can operate normally after being installed on the drive handle. Diversified work requirements, and effectively reduce the mechanical structure of the work head.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall assembly structure of the present invention (taking a hand-held gun drill as an example);
  • Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the assembly and disassembly assembly of the present invention
  • Fig. 3 is the enlarged structural schematic diagram of the receiving hole of the present invention.
  • Fig. 4 is the enlarged structural schematic diagram of the locking piece and the locating pin of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the assembly structure of the drive handle (the first paragraph) of the present invention.
  • Fig. 6 is the exploded structure schematic diagram of the drive handle (the first paragraph) of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the drive handle (the second paragraph) of the present invention.
  • Fig. 8 is the exploded structure schematic diagram of the hand-held gun drill working head matched with the drive handle (the first item) of the present invention
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the hand-held impact screwdriver working head matched with the drive handle (the first item) of the present invention.
  • Fig. 10 is the exploded structure schematic diagram of the hand-held impact wrench working head matched with the drive handle (the first) of the present invention
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the hand-held polishing machine working head matched with the driving handle (the second paragraph) of the present invention.
  • Fig. 12 is the exploded structure schematic diagram of the hand-held angle die machine working head matched with the drive handle (the second paragraph) of the present invention
  • Fig. 13 is the exploded structure schematic diagram of the hand-held electric punching and shearing working head matched with the driving handle (the second paragraph) of the present invention
  • 1 drive handle 1a first open end; 1b second open end; 101 left shell; 102 right shell; 103 mounting plate; 103a positioning hole; 2 power supply part; 201 button; 201a block; 3 controller; 4 Motor; 5 working head; 6 assembly and disassembly components; 6a limit part; 6b assembly and disassembly part; 601 front end holder; 601a receiving hole; 601b first slot; 602 rear end holder; Slot; 7 sensed element; 8 sensing element; 9 positioning pin; 9a annular groove; 10 spline; 11 connector; 12 locking piece; 12a arc groove; 12b lock head; 13 chute; switch.
  • two more representative driving handles 1 are used as examples, and the working heads are more representative hand-held gun drills, hand-held impact screwdrivers, hand-held impact wrenches, hand-held polishing machines, hand-held Angle die machines and hand-held electric punching shears are examples.
  • a power tool with a detachable working head is mainly used for the occasion where the work cannot be carried out due to the damage of the working head 5 and the whole machine needs to be replaced urgently, or It is a situation where different types of power tools are required due to the diversification of operations.
  • It includes: a drive handle 1, a power supply part 2 for power supply on the drive handle 1, and a controller 3 for command processing;
  • the controller 3 includes a single-chip microcomputer.
  • the single-chip microcomputer has the characteristics of high integration, small size, good reliability, rich instructions and strong control ability, and can well assist the electric tool of the technical solution to realize the following functions.
  • a part of the assembly and disassembly assembly 6 is attached to the working head 5, and another part of the assembly and disassembly assembly 6 that can be detachably fixed with the assembly and disassembly assembly 6 on the working head 5 is attached to the driving handle 1,
  • the same driving handle 1 can be adapted to different types of working heads 5, and the assembling and disassembling components 6 connected with the working heads 5 are simultaneously installed on the driving handle 1 in a detachable manner.
  • the detachable connection between the working head 5 and the motor 4 is realized, so that the working head 5 to be replaced can be removed from the driving handle 1 independently.
  • the drive handle 1 with high manufacturing cost that has not reached the service life, greatly enriches the types of work heads 5 that can be adapted, and provides users with more diverse choices, without the need to purchase or prepare a variety of tools.
  • the whole power tool used in the operation ensures the continuous use of the intact parts of the power tool to be replaced, avoids the waste of materials, conforms to the green environmental protection concept of today's social development, and greatly reduces the cost of the user.
  • Different working heads have a set of independent control programs during operation (the control program includes the control of changes in the working voltage, current and rotational speed of the corresponding working heads 5), in order to ensure that each working head 5 can be
  • the controller 3 performs program control on the motor 4, and then the motor 4 drives the working head 5 to operate.
  • a corresponding The sensing element 8 the sensed element 8 is prefabricated with parameter information matching the type of the working head 5, the parameter information includes information such as the type and model of the corresponding working head 5, and the sensing element 9 is installed in the drive corresponding to the position of the sensed element 8.
  • the assembly and disassembly assembly 6 on the handle 1 is used to sense the preset parameters in the sensed element 8 and send the parameters to the controller 3.
  • the controller 3 judges the parameter signal and determines the working head 5 contained in the parameter signal.
  • the control program corresponding to the type is used to control the working voltage, current and rotational speed of the motor 4 by the determined control program, so as to ensure that different types of work heads 5 can operate normally after being installed on the drive handle 1, and meet the requirements of diverse operations. requirements, and effectively reduce the mechanical structure of the working head 5.
  • the sensing element 8 cannot sense the sensed element 7 and cannot send the parameters to the controller 3.
  • the controller 3 does not receive the parameters, the motor 4 always keeps the stop state. , thereby preventing the motor 4 from idling, and avoiding the situation of accidentally touching the idling motor 4 to cause injury, and greatly improving the safety factor of the entire electric tool.
  • the assembly and disassembly assembly 6 and its preferred structure will be described in detail below.
  • the assembly and disassembly assembly 6 in the following content is not only convenient and quick to disassemble, but also has a good fixing effect. , radial and anti-deflection fixed.
  • the assembly and disassembly assembly 6 is composed of two opposite front-end cages 601 and rear-end cages 602 .
  • the opposite ends of the front-end cage 601 and the rear-end cage 602 are detachable parts 6b and can be detachably connected.
  • the front-end cage 601 and the rear-end cage 602 are fixed, they are fixed with the front-end cage 601 and the rear-end cage 602
  • the working head 5 and the motor 4 can be installed on the driving handle 1 in a relatively fixed state, so as to avoid the relative movement between the working head 5 and the motor 4 caused by external force.
  • a plurality of receiving holes 601 a and mounting holes 602 a are respectively formed on the mounting and dismounting parts 6 b of the front-end holder 601 and the rear-end holder 602 , and each mounting hole
  • the positioning pins 9 that can be inserted and matched with the receiving holes 601a are installed in the 602a.
  • the front-end cage 601 and the rear-end cage 602 can be kept radially fixed and fixed. Relative rotation is prevented.
  • the output shaft of the motor 4 passes through the rear cage 602 and is installed with the splines 10 , and the input end of the working head 5 is installed with the splines 10 .
  • the output shaft of the motor 4 passes through the rear cage 602 and is installed with the splines 10
  • the input end of the working head 5 is installed with the splines 10 .
  • the connector 11 is provided with connecting teeth that can engage with the teeth of the splines 10.
  • the axis of its input end always coincides with the axis of the output end of the motor 4, so that the splines 10 on the output end of the motor 4 can be accurately received by the connector 11, so as to realize the working head 5.
  • the drive shaft of the motor 4 rotates, it drives the spline 10 to rotate synchronously, and then the spline 10 drives the connector 11 engaged with it and the working head 5 integrated with the connector 11 to rotate.
  • a locking piece 12 is sleeved on the input end of the working head 5 on the side of the limiting portion 6a of the front end holder 601, and the locking piece 12 can be used around the input end of the working head 5.
  • a plurality of arc-shaped grooves 12a are formed on the outer peripheral wall of the locking piece 12, and the lock head 12b is formed by the part between any two adjacent arc-shaped grooves 12a.
  • the receiving hole 601a on the peripheral side of the locking piece 12 is C-shaped, and part of the peripheral wall of the positioning pin 9 can be exposed from the C-shaped opening of the receiving hole 601a, and the C-shaped receiving hole
  • the open end of 601a faces the locking piece 12, and the outer peripheral wall of each positioning pin 9 is provided with an annular groove 9a, so that when the locking head 12b rotates with the locking piece 12, the locking head 12b can pass through the C-shaped receiving hole 601a in turn.
  • the positioning pin 9, the rear end holder 602 on which the positioning pin 9 is installed, and the drive handle 1 fixed to the rear end holder 602 cannot move axially. Similarly, at this time, they are limited by the annular groove 9a. Because the locking piece 12 is located between the working head 5 and the front end holder 601, when the locking piece 12 cannot move axially, the working head 5 and the front end holder 601 cannot move axially.
  • the 601 is also unable to move axially, so that when the lock head 12b is in the docking position with the annular groove 9a, it can ensure that the motor 4 in the working head 5 and the driving handle 1 can always be kept in a relatively fixed state in the axial direction.
  • the head 5 is turned on, it is only necessary to rotate the locking piece 12 to make the locking head 12b disengage from the annular groove 9a of the positioning pin 9 .
  • a corresponding chute 13 is provided on the docking position between the working head 5 and the front-end holder 601 , and the lock head 12 b is received by the chute 13 to prevent the lock head 12 b from rotating over-position.
  • the lock head 12b can just be snapped into the annular groove 9a of the positioning pin 9, and when the lock head 12b rotates to the other end of the chute 13, the lock head 12b is completely self-positioning The pin 9 comes out of the annular groove 9a.
  • the user does not need to judge by feeling whether the lock head 12b has been turned into or out of the annular groove 9a, but can intuitively make the lock head 12b in the docking position and the annular groove 9a.
  • the rotation between the disengaged and docked positions can quickly realize the relative fixation of the working head 5 and the motor 4 or replace the working head 5 .
  • a paddle 14 is installed on the lock head 12 b , and the operating end of the paddle 14 is located outside the chute 13 .
  • the locking piece 12 is driven to rotate synchronously, so as to achieve the purpose of fixing the axes of the working head 5 and the driving handle 1, and avoid the troubles caused by the inconvenient rotation of the locking head 12b due to the small size of the lock head 12b.
  • the disassembly process of the working head 5 is described by the above-mentioned assembly and disassembly assembly 6.
  • the paddle 14 is controlled to rotate, so that the locking head 12b is completely released from the annular groove 9a of the positioning pin 9.
  • the working head 5 can be moved in the axial direction.
  • the receiving hole 601a on the front end holder 601 is separated from the positioning pin 9 on the rear end holder 602, so that the working head 5 is separated from the driving handle 1 in the axial direction.
  • the splines on the output end of the motor 4 10 is disengaged from the connector 11 on the input end of the working head 5, and the disassembly is completed.
  • the whole disassembly process is quick and convenient, which saves a lot of time for the staff and is more convenient for the user to use.
  • the sensed element 7 and the sensing element 8 are respectively a magnet and a Hall element or an infrared transmitter and an infrared receiver respectively.
  • the sensed element 7 and the sensing element 8 in this embodiment are not limited to the above-mentioned ones. Both, well-known sensors and elements that can be sensed by corresponding well-known sensors can also be used.
  • a switch 15 for controlling the on-off of the circuit is installed on the drive handle 1 .
  • the power supply unit 2 includes a battery pack.
  • the assembling and dismounting parts 6b of the front-end cage 601 and the rear-end cage 602 are respectively provided with opposite second A slot 601b and a second slot 602b, the sensed element 7 and the sensing element 8 are respectively installed in the first slot 601b and the second slot 602b, through the above arrangement, the sensed element 7 and the sensing element 8 can always be It is fixed at a relatively fixed position with the front-end holder 601 and the rear-end holder 602, so as to avoid that when the front-end holder 601 is fixed on the drive handle 1 along with the working head 5, the sensing element 8 in the drive handle 1 cannot sense.
  • inductive element 8 In the case of inductive element 8.
  • the driving handle 1 includes a left casing 101 and a right casing 102 which are arranged in parallel with a through groove formed therein. After the left casing 101 and the right casing 102 are fixed, the two through grooves form a through cavity, so as to accommodate the motor 4 , the induction element 8 , the switch 15 and the controller 3 into the through cavity.
  • the through cavity includes a first open end 1a located on the upper part of the left casing 101 and the right casing 102, and the first open end 1a is closed by the limiting part 6a of the assembly and disassembly assembly 6, so that the motor 4 is sealed to the drive handle 1 the upper end of .
  • the through cavity further includes a second open end 1b located at the lower part of the left casing 101 and the right casing 102, the power supply part 2 is located at the lower end of the driving handle 1, and its upper part is inserted into the second open end 1b to be fixed.
  • the power supply part 2 includes a button 201 installed on the outer side for separating it from the driving handle 1 , one end of the button 201 forms a blocking block 201a and passes through the interior of the power supply part 2 to the upper part thereof, and the second opening
  • the left casing 101 and the right casing 102 above the end 1b are formed with opposite mounting plates 103, and the two mounting plates 103 are provided with positioning holes 103a which can communicate with each other at the docking position for the clamping block 201a to pass through.
  • the power supply part 2 can be fixed on the driving handle 1 .

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Details Of Spanners, Wrenches, And Screw Drivers And Accessories (AREA)
  • Auxiliary Devices For Machine Tools (AREA)
  • Finish Polishing, Edge Sharpening, And Grinding By Specific Grinding Devices (AREA)
  • Automatic Assembly (AREA)

Abstract

一种具备带智能识别可分离式工作头（5）的电动工具，它包括驱动手柄（1），其具有电源部（2）和控制器（3）；它还包括电机（4），安装于驱动手柄（1）内，由控制器（3）进行转速控制；工作头（5），由电机（4）驱动，呈与电机（4）对置的状态可拆卸的安装于驱动手柄（1）上；装拆组件（6），包括与工作头（5）和电机（4）连接的限位部（6a）以及可拆卸固定的装拆部（6b）；被感元件（7），安装于同工作头（5）相固定的装拆组件（6）中，其预制有与工作头（5）种类相匹配的参数信息；感应元件（8），安装于对应被感元件（7）位置的驱动手柄（1）中，用于感应被感元件（7）中的预置参数，并将参数发送至控制器（3），由控制器（3）对电机（4）进行对应的程序控制。

Description

一种具备带智能识别可分离式工作头的电动工具 技术领域
本发明涉及一种电动工具，更具体讲的是一种具备带智能识别可分离式工作头的电动工具。
背景技术
手持式电动工具由于其高效的工作效率而倍受消费者的喜爱，已经成为工作生活使用最为广泛的工具之一，其按种类可分为手持式枪钻、手持式冲击扳手、手持式电冲剪、手持式角磨机、手持式冲击螺丝批、手持式抛光机等。
手持式电动工具是由控制器控制电机驱动工作头实现机械化操作的机器，目前，在设计上将工作头与电机整合后固定至驱动手柄上整合为一体，以便于携带至作业场所以及用手持操作，但上述结构存在以下不足：首先，磨损是工作头在作业过程中所不可避免的，频繁使用下过量磨损容易使工作头损坏，一体式的设计导致工作头损坏后整台电动工具必须废弃，消费者不得不重新购买整台的电动工具，但此时，驱动手柄中的电机(特别是无刷电机，本身具有使用寿命较长的特点)开关、控制器等部件往往是完好可用的，而这些部件往往占到电动工具总成本的百分之八十，这就意味着在电动工具在报废时，电动工具并未得到良好的使用，不仅造成材料的浪费，还增加了消费者的成本支出；其次，对于因作业的多样化而需要用到不同种类电动工具的场合，一体式的设计使消费者需要准备多种与作业相关的电动工具，数量较多的电动工具在携带时加重了消费者的负担，同样购置多种电动工具使消费者的成本支出进一步增加。
发明内容
针对以上情况，为克服以上现有技术的缺陷，本发明的目的是提供一种工作头和驱动手 柄为分体式设计，且同一驱动手柄能够适配不同种类工作头的电动工具。
为了实现上述目的，本发明的技术解决方案是：
一种具备带智能识别可分离式工作头的电动工具，它包括：
驱动手柄，其具有用于电力供给的电源部，用于指令处理的控制器；
它还包括：
电机，安装于驱动手柄内，由控制器进行转速控制；
工作头，由电机驱动，并呈与电机对置的状态可拆卸的安装于驱动手柄上；
装拆组件，包括与工作头和电机连接的限位部以及可拆卸固定的装拆部，且与工作头固定的装拆组件以可分离的方式安装于驱动手柄上；
被感元件，安装于同工作头相固定的装拆组件中，其预制有与工作头种类相匹配的参数信息；
感应元件，安装于相对被感元件位置的驱动手柄中，用于感应被感元件中的预置参数，并将参数发送至控制器，由控制器对电机进行对应的程序控制。
作为优选的是，装拆组件由两对置的前端保持架和后端保持架构成，前端保持架和后端保持架的相互远离端为限位部并分别与工作头和驱动手柄固定，前端保持架和后端保持架的相对端为装拆部并可拆卸连接。
作为优选的是，前端保持架和后端保持架的装拆部上分别形成有多个可一一对应的承接孔和安装孔，每个安装孔中均安装有可与承接孔插接配合的定位销，以通过插接配合限制驱动手柄和工作头发生径向移动或相对转动。
作为优选的是，电机输出轴穿过后端保持架并安装有花键，工作头输入端沿与电机输出端的同一轴线穿过前端保持架并安装有用以收纳花键的连接器，连接器上设有可与花键齿牙啮合的连接齿，以在花键转动时同步转动。
作为优选的是，前端保持架限位部一侧的工作头输入端上套设有锁片，锁片可绕工作头 输入端作定轴转动，锁片的外周壁上形成有多个弧形凹槽，并由其中任意两个相邻弧形凹槽间的部分构成锁头。
作为优选的是，锁片周侧的承接孔呈C形且其开口端朝向锁片，每个定位销的外周壁上均开设有环形槽，当锁头随锁片转动时通过环形槽。
作为优选的是，工作头与前端保持架的对接位上开设有对应的滑槽，锁头由滑槽进行收纳，以防止锁头转动过位。
作为优选的是，锁头上安装有拨片，拨片的操作端位于滑槽外。
作为优选的是，前端保持架和后端保持架的装拆部上分别开设有相对的第一插槽和第二插槽，被感元件和感应元件分别安装于第一插槽和第二插槽中。
作为优选的是，被感元件和感应元件分别为磁体和霍尔元件或分别为红外发射器和红外接收器。
作为优选的是，驱动手柄上安装有用以控制电路通断的开关。
作为优选的是，驱动手柄包括并列设置的内部形成有通槽的左壳体和右壳体，两通槽在左壳体和右壳体固定后构成通腔，以将电机、感应元件以及控制器收纳至通腔中。
作为优选的是，通腔包括位于左壳体和右壳体上部的第一开口端，第一开口端由装拆组件的限位部封闭。
作为优选的是，通腔还包括位于左壳体和右壳体下部的第二开口端，电源部位于驱动手柄的下端，且其上部插入第二开口端中固定。
作为优选的是，电源部包括安装于外侧面上用于使其与驱动手柄分离的按钮，按钮的一端形成卡块并穿过电源部的内部至其上部通出，第二开口端上方的左壳体和右壳体上形成有相对的安装板，两安装板在对接位上开设有可相互连通的用以供卡块穿过的定位孔。
作为优选的是，电源部包括电池包。
与现有技术相比，本发明的优点在于：
由装拆组件实现工作头和驱动手柄的快速分离和安装，在替换损坏的工作头或暂无需使用的工作头时，保留了电动工具中未达到使用寿的制造成本较高的驱动手柄，同时极大地丰富了能够适配工作头的种类，为使用者提供更多样化的选择，无需再购置或准备多种用于作业的整台电动工具，保证了待更换电动工具中完好部件的持续使用，避免材料的浪费，符合当今社会发展的绿色环保理念，并极大地降低了使用者的成本支出。
同时，装拆组件的固定效果良好，可以为工作头和安装有电机的驱动手柄提供轴向、径向以及防偏转固定。
每一种工作头的装拆组件中均设置一个与其对应的被感元件，被感元件预制有与工作头种类相匹配的参数信息，该参数信息包括所对应工作头的种类、型号等信息，对应被感元件位置的驱动手柄上的装拆组件中安装有感应元件，感应元件用于感应被感元件中的预置参数，并将参数发送至控制器，控制器判别参数信号，确定与该参数信号中包含的工作头类型对应的控制程序，由所确定的控制程序对电机的工作电压、电流以及转速进行控制，从而保证不同种类的工作头安装至驱动手柄上后均能够正常运行，满足作业多样化的需求、并有效减化工作头的机械结构。
同时，可提升与工作头分离状态下的驱动手柄的安全性，在工作头已经拆卸的情况下，防止电机空转，避免了无意中触碰正在空转的电机而造成伤害的情况，大大提高了整个电动工具使用的安全系数。
附图说明
图1是本发明的整体组装结构示意图(以手持式枪钻为例)；
图2是本发明的装拆组件的结构示意图；
图3是本发明的承接孔的放大结构示意图；
图4是本发明的锁片与定位销的放大结构示意图；
图5是本发明的驱动手柄(第一款)的组装结构示意图；
图6是本发明的驱动手柄(第一款)的分解结构示意图；
图7是本发明的驱动手柄(第二款)的分解结构示意图；
图8是本发明的与驱动手柄(第一款)相配的手持式枪钻工作头的分解结构示意图；
图9是本发明的与驱动手柄(第一款)相配的手持式冲击螺丝批工作头的分解结构示意图；
图10是本发明的与驱动手柄(第一款)相配的手持式冲击扳手工作头的分解结构示意图；
图11是本发明的与驱动手柄(第二款)相配的手持式抛光机工作头的分解结构示意图；
图12是本发明的与驱动手柄(第二款)相配的手持式角模机工作头的分解结构示意图；
图13是本发明的与驱动手柄(第二款)相配的手持式电冲剪工作头的分解结构示意图；
如图所示：
1驱动手柄；1a第一开口端；1b第二开口端；101左壳体；102右壳体；103安装板；103a定位孔；2电源部；201按钮；201a卡块；3控制器；4电机；5工作头；6装拆组件；6a限位部；6b装拆部；601前端保持架；601a承接孔；601b第一插槽；602后端保持架；602a安装孔；602b第二插槽；7被感元件；8感应元件；9定位销；9a环形槽；10花键；11连接器；12锁片；12a弧形凹槽；12b锁头；13滑槽；14拨片；15开关。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和具体实施例对本发明作进一步详细说明。
在本发明的描述中，需要说明的是，术语“上”，“下”，“左”，“右”，“内”，“外”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，或是该发明产品使用时惯常摆放的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于简化描述，而不是指示或暗示该方位是必须具有的特定的方位以及特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本发明的限制。
需要提及的是，电机4、开关15、控制器3、电源部2均为电连接，且连接关系是已经公开的技术，故不再一一进行赘述；
在以下内容中以两款较具代表性的驱动手柄1为例，且工作头以较具代表性的手持式枪 钻、手持式冲击螺丝批、手持式冲击扳手、手持式抛光机、手持式角模机以及手持式电冲剪为例。
实施例1：
如图1、图2、图5至图13所示，一种具备可分离式工作头的电动工具，主要针对因工作头5损坏导致作业无法进行而急待对整机进行更换的场合，或是因作业的多样化而需要用到不同种类电动工具的场合。
它包括：驱动手柄1，在驱动手柄1上具有用于电力供给的电源部2，以及用于指令处理的控制器3；
在控制器3中包含单片机，单片机具有集成度高,体积小,可靠性好，且指令丰富、控制能力强的特点，能够很好的辅助本技术方案的电动工具实现下述的功能。
它还包括：电机4、工作头5、装拆组件6、被感元件7以及感应元件8，电机4和感应元件8均安装于驱动手柄1内，工作头5呈与电机4对置的状态设置于驱动手柄1上由电机4驱动，并且工作头5与驱动手柄1间为可拆卸连接，装拆组件6自身为可分离设置，它包括与工作头5和电机4连接的限位部6a以及可拆卸固定的装拆部6b，工作头5上附带有一部分装拆组件6，在驱动手柄1上附带能够与工作头5上的装拆组件6可拆卸固定的另一部分装拆组件6，使同一驱动手柄1能与不同种类的工作头5适配，与工作头5连接的装拆组件6同时以可分离的方式安装于驱动手柄1上，通过将相固定的装拆部6b分离，实现工作头5与电机4间的可拆卸连接，使待更换的工作头5能够独立的自驱动手柄1上取下，在替换损坏的工作头5或暂无需使用的工作头5时，保留了电动工具中未达到使用寿的制造成本较高的驱动手柄1，同时极大地丰富了能够适配工作头5的种类，为使用者提供更多样化的选择，无需再购置或准备多种用于作业的整台电动工具，保证了待更换电动工具中完好部件的持续使用，避免材料的浪费，符合当今社会发展的绿色环保理念，并极大地降低了使用者的成本支出。
不同的工作头在作业时均对应有一套独立的控制程序(控制程序包括对所对应工作头5的工作电压、电流以及转速等的变化控制)，为保证在更换后每种工作头5均能正常运行，本实施例中由控制器3对电机4进行程序控制再由电机4驱动工作头5作业，具体的，在每一种工作头5的装拆组件6中均设置一个与其对应的被感元件8，被感元件8预制有与工作头5种类相匹配的参数信息，该参数信息包括所对应工作头5的种类、型号等信息，感应元件9安装于对应被感元件8位置的驱动手柄1上的装拆组件6中，用于感应被感元件8中的预置参数，并将参数发送至控制器3，控制器3判别参数信号，确定与该参数信号中包含的工作头5类型对应的控制程序，由所确定的控制程序对电机4的工作电压、电流以及转速进行控制，从而保证不同种类的工作头5安装至驱动手柄1上后均能够正常运行，满足作业多样化的需求、并有效减化工作头5的机械结构。
同时，在工作头5已经拆卸的情况下，感应元件8无法感应到被感元件7而无法将参数发送至控制器3，控制器3在未接收到参数的情况下，电机4始终保持停止状态，从而防止电机4空转，且避免了无意中触碰正在空转的电机4而造成伤害的情况，大大提高了整个电动工具使用的安全系数。
下面将对装拆组件6及其优选结构作详细阐述，以下内容中的装拆组件6不仅拆卸方便快捷，且固定效果良好，可以为工作头5和安装有电机4的驱动手柄1提供轴向、径向以及防偏转固定。
装拆组件6由两对置的前端保持架601和后端保持架602构成，前端保持架601和后端保持架602的相互远离端为限位部6a并分别与工作头5和驱动手柄1固定，前端保持架601和后端保持架602的相对端为装拆部6b并可拆卸连接，前端保持架601和后端保持架602固定后，与前端保持架601和后端保持架602固定的工作头5和电机4能够以相对固定的状态安装于驱动手柄1上，避免因外力导致工作头5与电机4间发生相对移动。
如图6至图13所示，具体的，前端保持架601和后端保持架602的装拆部6b上分别形 成有多个可一一对应的承接孔601a和安装孔602a，每个安装孔602a中均安装有可与承接孔601a插接配合的定位销9，当定位销9插入承接孔601a中实现插接配合时，前端保持架601和后端保持架602间能够保持径向固定并可防止发生相对转动。
如图5至图7所示，为了使工作头5安装时其输入端能够快速与电机4输出端配合，电机4输出轴穿过后端保持架602并安装有花键10，工作头5输入端沿与电机4输出端的同一轴线穿过前端保持架601并安装有用以收纳花键10的连接器11，连接器11上设有可与花键10齿牙啮合的连接齿，通过该设置，不同种类的工作头5在安装至驱动手柄1上时，其输入端的轴线始终与电机4输出端的轴线重合，从而使电机4输出端上的花键10能够准确的被连接器11收纳，实现工作头5在固定后无需对其安装位置进行校准，当电机4驱动轴转动时带动花键10同步转动，再由花键10带动与其啮合的连接器11以及与连接器11一体的工作头5转动。
如图2、图8至图13所示，进一步的，前端保持架601限位部6a一侧的工作头5输入端上套设有锁片12，锁片12可绕工作头5输入端作定轴转动，锁片12的外周壁上形成有多个弧形凹槽12a，并由其中任意两个相邻弧形凹槽12a间的部分构成锁头12b。
如图3至图5所示，进一步的，锁片12周侧的承接孔601a呈C形，定位销9的部分外周壁能够自承接孔601a的C形开口向外显露，且C形承接孔601a的开口端朝向锁片12，每个定位销9的外周壁上均开设有环形槽9a，从而当锁头12b随锁片12转动时，锁头12b能够依次经过呈C形的承接孔601a和定位销9上的环形槽9a，且在锁头12b转动至环形槽9a中时，停止转动锁片12，使锁头12b与环形槽9a处于对接状态，此时，受到锁头12b的限位作用，定位销9、安装定位销9的后端保持架602、与后端保持架602相固定的驱动手柄1均无法进行轴向的移动，同样的，此时受到环形槽9a的限位作用，使得锁头12b以及锁片12无法发生轴向移动，由于锁片12位于工作头5和前端保持架601之间，当锁片12无法进行轴向移动时，工作头5和前端保持架601同样无法发生轴向移动，从而在锁头12b同环形 槽9a处于对接位置时，可保证工作头5和驱动手柄1中的电机4能够始终保持在轴向相对固定的状态，当要拆卸工作头5时，只需转动锁片12，使锁头12b自定位销9的环形槽9a脱离即可。
如图3所示，进一步的，工作头5与前端保持架601的对接位上开设有对应的滑槽13，锁头12b由滑槽13进行收纳，以防止锁头12b转动过位，当锁头12b转动至滑槽13的一端时，锁头12b恰好可卡接于定位销9的环形槽9a中，而当锁头12b转动至滑槽13的另一端时，则锁头12b完全自定位销9的环形槽9a中脱出，通过以上设置，使用者无需凭借感觉判断锁头12b是否已转入或脱离环形槽9a，而是可直观的使锁头12b在与环形槽9a的对接位和脱离对接位间转动，从而快速的实现工作头5和电机4的相对固定或对工作头5进行更换。
如图3、图5、图8至图13所示，进一步的，锁头12b上安装有拨片14，拨片14的操作端位于滑槽13外，通过以上设置，通过转动拨片14间接带动锁片12同步转动，达到工作头5和驱动手柄1轴线固定的目的，避免了因锁头12b体积较小转动不便给使用者造成的困扰。
通过上述装拆组件6对工作头5的拆卸过程进行描述，首先控制拨片14转动，使锁头12b完全自定位销9的环形槽9a中脱出，此时可沿轴向移动工作头5，再使前端保持架601上的承接孔601a与后端保持架602上的定位销9分离，使工作头5沿轴向与驱动手柄1分离，在分离过程中，电机4输出端上的花键10自与工作头5输入端上的连接器11中脱离，完成拆卸，整个拆卸过程快速方便，为工作人员节省了大量的时间，更方便使用者的使用。
进一步的，被感元件7和感应元件8分别为磁体和霍尔元件或分别为红外发射器和红外接收器，当然，本实施例中的被感元件7和感应元件8并不仅局限于上述的两种，也可以使用公知的传感器和能由对应的公知传感器感应的元件。
进一步的，驱动手柄1上安装有用以控制电路通断的开关15。
进一步的，电源部2包括电池包。
实施例2：
如图5至图13所示，本实施例在上述实施例1的基础上，作出其中一种优化设计，前端保持架601和后端保持架602的装拆部6b上分别开设有相对的第一插槽601b和第二插槽602b，被感元件7和感应元件8分别安装于第一插槽601b和第二插槽602b中，通过以上设置，使得被感元件7和感应元件8能够始终固定在一个与前端保持架601、后端保持架602相对固定的位置上，避免了当前端保持架601随工作头5固定于驱动手柄1上时，驱动手柄1中的感应元件8无法感应到感应元件8的情况。
实施例3：
如图6和图所示，本实施例在上述实施例1的基础上，作出其中一种优化设计，驱动手柄1包括并列设置的内部形成有通槽的左壳体101和右壳体102，两通槽在左壳体101和右壳体102固定后构成通腔，以将电机4、感应元件8、开关15以及控制器3收纳至通腔中。
进一步的，通腔包括位于左壳体101和右壳体102上部的第一开口端1a，第一开口端1a由装拆组件6的限位部6a封闭，使得电机4被密封于驱动手柄1的上端。
进一步的，通腔还包括位于左壳体101和右壳体102下部的第二开口端1b，电源部2位于驱动手柄1的下端，且其上部插入第二开口端1b中固定。
进一步的，电源部2包括安装于外侧面上用于使其与驱动手柄1分离的按钮201，按钮201的一端形成卡块201a并穿过电源部2的内部至其上部通出，第二开口端1b上方的左壳体101和右壳体102上形成有相对的安装板103，两安装板103在对接位上开设有可相互连通的用以供卡块201a穿过的定位孔103a，当卡块201a卡入定位孔103a中时，能将电源部2固定于驱动手柄1上。
上述实施例和说明书中描述的只是说明本发明的原理和最佳实施例，在不脱离本发明精神和范围的前提下，本发明还会有各种变化和改进，这些变化和改进都落入要求保护的本发明范围内。

Claims (16)

  1. 一种具备带智能识别可分离式工作头的电动工具，它包括：
    驱动手柄(1)，其具有用于电力供给的电源部(2)，用于指令处理的控制器(3)；
    其特征在于，它还包括：
    电机(4)，安装于所述驱动手柄(1)内，由所述控制器(3)进行转速控制；
    工作头(5)，由所述电机(4)驱动，并呈与所述电机(4)对置的状态可拆卸的安装于所述驱动手柄(1)上；
    装拆组件(6)，包括与所述工作头(5)和所述电机(4)连接的限位部(6a)以及可拆卸固定的装拆部(6b)，且与所述工作头(5)固定的所述装拆组件(6)以可分离的方式安装于所述驱动手柄(1)上；
    被感元件(7)，安装于同所述工作头(5)相固定的所述装拆组件(6)中，其预制有与所述工作头(5)种类相匹配的参数信息；
    感应元件(8)，安装于相对所述被感元件(7)位置的所述驱动手柄(1)中，用于感应所述被感元件(7)中的预置参数，并将参数发送至所述控制器(3)，由所述控制器(3)对所述电机(4)进行对应的程序控制。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种具备带智能识别可分离式工作头的电动工具，其特征在于，所述装拆组件(6)由两对置的前端保持架(601)和后端保持架(602)构成，所述前端保持架(601)和所述后端保持架(602)的相互远离端为限位部(6a)并分别与所述工作头(5)和所述驱动手柄(1)固定，所述前端保持架(601)和所述后端保持架(602)的相对端为装拆部(6b)并可拆卸连接。
  3. 根据权利要求3所述的一种具备带智能识别可分离式工作头的电动工具，其特征在于，所述前端保持架(601)和所述后端保持架(602)的装拆部(6b)上分别形成有多个可一一对应的承接孔(601a)和安装孔(602a)，每个所述安装孔(602a)中均安装有可与所述承接 孔(601a)插接配合的定位销(9)，以通过插接配合限制所述驱动手柄(1)和所述工作头(5)发生径向移动或相对转动。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的一种具备带智能识别可分离式工作头的电动工具，其特征在于，所述电机(4)输出轴穿过后端保持架(602)并安装有花键(10)，所述工作头(5)输入端沿与所述电机(4)输出端的同一轴线穿过所述前端保持架(601)并安装有用以收纳所述花键(10)的连接器(11)，所述连接器(11)上设有可与所述花键(10)齿牙啮合的连接齿，以在所述花键(10)转动时同步转动。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的一种具备带智能识别可分离式工作头的电动工具，其特征在于，所述前端保持架(601)限位部(6a)一侧的工作头(5)输入端上套设有锁片(12)，所述锁片(12)可绕所述工作头(5)输入端作定轴转动，所述锁片(12)的外周壁上形成有多个弧形凹槽(12a)，并由其中任意两个相邻所述弧形凹槽(12a)间的部分构成锁头(12b)。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的一种具备带智能识别可分离式工作头的电动工具，其特征在于，所述锁片(12)周侧的所述承接孔(601a)呈C形且其开口端朝向所述锁片(12)，每个定位销(9)的外周壁上均开设有环形槽(9a)，当所述锁头(12b)随所述锁片(12)转动时通过所述环形槽(9a)。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的一种具备带智能识别可分离式工作头的电动工具，其特征在于，所述工作头(5)与所述前端保持架(601)的对接位上开设有对应的滑槽(13)，所述锁头(12b)由所述滑槽(13)进行收纳，以防止所述锁头(12b)转动过位。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的一种具备带智能识别可分离式工作头的电动工具，其特征在于，所述锁头(12b)上安装有拨片(14)，所述拨片(14)的操作端位于所述滑槽(13)外。
  9. 根据权利要求2所述的一种具备带智能识别可分离式工作头的电动工具，其特征在于，所述前端保持架(601)和后端保持架(602)的装拆部(6b)上分别开设有相对的第一插槽(601b)和第二插槽(602b)，被感元件(7)和感应元件(8)分别安装于所述第一插槽 (601b)和所述第二插槽(602b)中。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的一种具备带智能识别可分离式工作头的电动工具，其特征在于，被感元件(7)和感应元件(8)分别为磁体和霍尔元件或分别为红外发射器和红外接收器。
  11. 根据权利要求1所述的一种具备带智能识别可分离式工作头的电动工具，其特征在于，所述驱动手柄(1)上安装有用以控制电路通断的开关(15)。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的一种具备带智能识别可分离式工作头的电动工具，其特征在于，所述驱动手柄(1)包括并列设置的内部形成有通槽的左壳体(101)和右壳体(102)，两所述通槽在所述左壳体(101)和所述右壳体(102)固定后构成通腔，以将所述电机(4)、感应元件(8)以及控制器(3)收纳至通腔中。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的一种具备带智能识别可分离式工作头的电动工具，其特征在于，所述通腔包括位于所述左壳体(101)和所述右壳体(102)上部的第一开口端(1a)，所述第一开口端(1a)由装拆组件(6)的限位部(6a)封闭。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的一种具备带智能识别可分离式工作头的电动工具，其特征在于，所述通腔还包括位于所述左壳体(101)和所述右壳体(102)下部的第二开口端(1b)，所述电源部(2)位于所述驱动手柄(1)的下端，且其上部插入所述第二开口端(1b)中固定。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的一种具备带智能识别可分离式工作头的电动工具，其特征在于，所述电源部(2)包括安装于外侧面上用于使其与所述驱动手柄(1)分离的按钮(201)，所述按钮(201)的一端形成卡块(201a)并穿过所述电源部(2)的内部至其上部通出，所述第二开口端(1b)上方的所述左壳体(101)和所述右壳体(102)上形成有相对的安装板(103)，两所述安装板(103)在对接位上开设有可相互连通的用以供所述卡块穿过的定位孔(103a)。
  16. 根据权利要求1所述的一种具备带智能识别可分离式工作头的电动工具，其特征在于， 所述电源部(2)包括电池包。
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