WO2023077761A1 - 一种可实现快速装配及装配锁定的电动工具 - Google Patents

一种可实现快速装配及装配锁定的电动工具 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023077761A1
WO2023077761A1 PCT/CN2022/091567 CN2022091567W WO2023077761A1 WO 2023077761 A1 WO2023077761 A1 WO 2023077761A1 CN 2022091567 W CN2022091567 W CN 2022091567W WO 2023077761 A1 WO2023077761 A1 WO 2023077761A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
locking
assembly
drive shaft
electric tool
tool capable
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PCT/CN2022/091567
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李海华
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李海华
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Publication date
Priority claimed from CN202122677565.1U external-priority patent/CN216030622U/zh
Priority claimed from CN202123031494.4U external-priority patent/CN218947580U/zh
Application filed by 李海华 filed Critical 李海华
Publication of WO2023077761A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023077761A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25F—COMBINATION OR MULTI-PURPOSE TOOLS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DETAILS OR COMPONENTS OF PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS NOT PARTICULARLY RELATED TO THE OPERATIONS PERFORMED AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B25F5/00—Details or components of portable power-driven tools not particularly related to the operations performed and not otherwise provided for

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of electric tools, in particular to an electric tool capable of realizing rapid assembly and assembly locking of a body part of the electric tool and a main body part of the tool.
  • Power tools are mainly divided into metal cutting power tools, grinding power tools, assembly power tools and railway power tools.
  • Common electric tools include electric drills, electric hammers, and impact drills.
  • electric tools were generally operated and used by professionals.
  • Electric tools mainly include a body and a tool body located at one end of the body.
  • the body and the tool body are usually detachable, and the tool body can be replaced to meet different functions.
  • the machine body and the tool body are matched by spline teeth and spline holes, the positions of the teeth and holes need to be aligned during assembly, and the positions of the spline holes on different tool bodies will vary. There are differences, which cause the main body of the tool to be unable to be quickly inserted into the machine body, making assembly difficult and affecting the use of the operator.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide an electric tool capable of fast assembly and assembly locking of the tool body and the machine body of the electric tool, which reduces the difficulty of operation and improves the reliability and safety during work.
  • the invention provides an electric tool capable of fast assembly and assembly locking, which includes a body and a tool body detachably connected to the body;
  • the casing of the machine body is provided with a drive shaft connected to the motor, and one end of the drive shaft close to the tool body is sleeved with spline teeth, and the spline teeth can move axially along the drive shaft, and the A rotation limiting structure is provided between the drive shaft and the spline teeth, so that the spline teeth can rotate together with the drive shaft;
  • a connecting sleeve is installed on the end of the tool body close to the body, and the connection A spline hole matching the spline teeth is provided in the sleeve;
  • an elastic member is also sleeved on the drive shaft, one end of the elastic member is connected to the drive shaft, and the other end is connected to the spline teeth;
  • the housing is also provided with a jack portion, one end of the tool main body has a connector matching the jack portion, and the other end has a tool head for installing a processing tool;
  • the locking mechanism between the bodies, the locking mechanism includes a locking sleeve installed on the housing, the locking sleeve is provided with a first locking part, and the connecting head is provided with the first The locking part is matched with the second locking part; wherein, the locking sleeve is rotated to lock or unlock the first locking part and the second locking part.
  • the end of the drive shaft is provided with a limiting portion for abutting against the outer end surface of the spline teeth.
  • the limiting portion includes a limiting groove provided on the drive shaft, and a limiting member installed in the limiting groove.
  • the limiting member is a rubber ring.
  • the rotation limiting structure includes a planar portion arranged axially along the drive shaft, and the installation holes in the spline teeth are matched with the drive shaft.
  • two or more planar portions are provided in a circular array around the axis of the drive shaft.
  • the rotation limiting structure includes a protrusion provided on the drive shaft, and a recess provided in the spline teeth to cooperate with the protrusion.
  • an introduction portion is provided at the end of the spline teeth close to the connecting sleeve.
  • the first locking part is a first stop provided on the inner wall of the lock sleeve, and the second locking part is a second stop provided on the peripheral wall of the connector;
  • the locking mechanism further includes a toggle piece for adjusting the rotation of the lock sleeve, the toggle piece has a fixed portion connected to the lock sleeve, and is arranged on the fixed portion and extends to The toggle part outside the housing.
  • the locking mechanism further includes a fixing seat, the fixing seat is installed in the housing, and the lock sleeve is installed in the fixing seat.
  • the locking mechanism further includes a gear adjusting mechanism
  • the gear adjusting mechanism includes: gear slots, the gear slots are arranged on the fixing seat, and there are at least two gear slots, the gear slots
  • the position slot has a guide side wall; an adjustment piece, the adjustment piece is installed on the fixed part, and the bottom of the adjustment piece is clamped in the gear slot, and driven by the toggle piece, it moves along the The guide side wall moves from one of the gear slots into the other adjacent gear slot.
  • the locking sleeve is provided with a locking part
  • the fixing part is provided with a locking groove matching with the locking part
  • the inner wall of the fixing base is provided with a mounting groove for installing a retaining ring, and the retaining ring is used to abut against the outer surface of the locking sleeve.
  • the switch control mechanism is used to control the lock or unlock of the switch.
  • it also includes a reversing control mechanism arranged in the housing, and the reversing control mechanism has a control button protruding from the housing.
  • the reverse control mechanism further includes: a locking block, the locking block has a through groove sleeved on the protrusion; an elastic member, the elastic member One end is connected with the housing, and the other end is connected with the locking block.
  • the present invention provides an electric tool capable of fast assembly and assembly locking.
  • the spline teeth can move axially along the drive shaft by movably socketing the spline teeth on one end of the drive shaft.
  • the motor drives the drive shaft to drive the spline teeth to rotate, so that the spline teeth and the spline holes are quickly aligned.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of a rapidly assembling electric tool according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • Fig. 2 is a disassembled view of a quick-assemble electric tool according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of a tool body in a rapidly assembling electric tool according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the drive shaft and the connecting sleeve in the quick-assembled electric tool according to the embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the drive shaft, the spline teeth and the elastic member in the quick-assemble electric tool according to the embodiment of the present invention
  • Fig. 6 is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a drive shaft in a quick-assemble electric tool according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of spline teeth in a quick-assemble electric tool according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 8 is a schematic perspective view of the three-dimensional structure of the connecting sleeve in the quick-assemble electric tool according to the embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the housing in the electric tool according to the embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 10 is an enlarged view of part A in Figure 9;
  • Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of a switch control mechanism in an electric tool according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 12 is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the reverse control mechanism in the electric tool according to the embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 13 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of a locking mechanism in an electric tool according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 14 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of Fig. 13 from another angle;
  • Fig. 15 is an exploded view of the locking mechanism in the electric tool according to the embodiment of the present invention.
  • orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms “center”, “upper”, “lower”, “left”, “right”, “vertical”, “horizontal”, “inner” and “outer” are Based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship that the inventive product is usually placed in use, it is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the referred device or element must Having a particular orientation, being constructed and operating in a particular orientation, and therefore not to be construed as limiting the invention.
  • the terms “first”, “second”, etc. are only used for distinguishing descriptions, and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
  • the terms “installation”, “installation”, “connection” and “connection” should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be a fixed connection, It can also be a detachable connection or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediary, and it can be the internal communication of two components.
  • installation e.g., it may be a fixed connection, It can also be a detachable connection or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediary, and it can be the internal communication of two components.
  • this embodiment provides an electric tool capable of fast assembly and assembly locking, including a body 1, a tool body 2, and a locking mechanism 3 after the body 1 and tool body 2 are assembled.
  • the housing 11 of the machine body 1 is provided with a drive shaft 10 connected to the motor.
  • the end of the drive shaft 10 close to the tool body 2 is sleeved with spline teeth 30.
  • the spline teeth 30 can move axially along the drive shaft 10, and the drive shaft
  • a rotation limiting structure is provided between 10 and the spline teeth 30 , so that the spline teeth 30 can rotate together with the drive shaft 10 .
  • a connecting sleeve 20 is installed on the end of the tool body 2 close to the machine body 1 , and the connecting sleeve 20 is provided with a spline hole 211 matching with the spline teeth 30 .
  • the driving shaft 10 is also sleeved with an elastic member 40 , one end of the elastic member 40 is connected to the driving shaft 10 , and the other end is connected to the spline teeth 30 .
  • the main body 1 includes a battery mount at the bottom and a casing above the battery mount.
  • the casing has a cavity for accommodating a motor, and the drive shaft 10 is connected to the motor for outputting driving force.
  • the drive shaft 10 is a stepped shaft, and one end thereof extends toward the tool body 2 .
  • the spline tooth 30 is provided with an installation hole matching the extension end of the drive shaft 10 , and the installation hole is in clearance fit with the drive shaft 10 so that the spline tooth 30 can move axially relative to the drive shaft 10 .
  • the rotation limiting structure is used to fix the rotation direction of the drive shaft 10 and the spline teeth 30 , and the spline teeth 30 can rotate together with the drive shaft 10 under the driving of the motor.
  • the rotation limiting structure may include a planar portion 112 arranged axially along the drive shaft 10 , and the shape of the installation hole in the spline tooth 30 matches the drive shaft 10 .
  • Two or more planar portions 112 can be arranged in a circular array around the axis of the drive shaft 10 .
  • the rotation limiting structure may also include a protrusion provided on the drive shaft 10 and a recess provided in the spline teeth 30 to cooperate with the protrusion.
  • the rotation direction of the drive shaft 10 and the spline teeth 30 is fixed by the mating insertion of the protrusion part and the recess part.
  • the tool body 2 includes an outer shell matched with the main body 1, and one end of the outer shell is provided with a plug connector plugged with the main body 1, and the connecting sleeve 20 is arranged in the tool main body 2, and one end thereof is provided with a mounting part for installing a work piece. , the other end is plugged and fixed with the spline teeth 30 through the spline hole 211, so that the connecting sleeve 20 and the driving shaft 10 are fixed as one, and driven by the motor, the driving shaft 10 can drive the connecting sleeve 20 and the work piece to rotate together.
  • the elastic member 40 can be a spring or a rubber sleeve, and the elastic member 40 is sheathed on the extension end of the drive shaft 10 , one end of which is fixed to the drive shaft 10 , and the other end is fixed to the spline teeth 30 .
  • This implementation model provides a fast-assembling electric tool.
  • the tool body 2 When assembling, the tool body 2 is inserted into the machine body 1, and the drive shaft 10 extends into the connecting sleeve 20. If the spline teeth 30 on the drive shaft 10 are connected to the If the spline holes 211 in the sleeve 20 are aligned, the spline teeth 30 are directly inserted into the spline holes 211 to fix the drive shaft 10 and the connection sleeve 20; The spline holes 211 are in a staggered state, the connecting sleeve 20 pushes the spline teeth 30 to move backward, and the elastic member 40 is compressed.
  • the motor is started, and the drive shaft 10 is driven to drive the spline teeth 30 to rotate.
  • the spline teeth 30 rotate to When aligned with the spline hole 211 , under the action of the elastic member 40 , the spline tooth 30 moves forward, automatically springs into the spline hole 211 , and is plugged and fixed with the connecting sleeve 20 .
  • the present invention provides a quick-assembled electric tool.
  • the spline teeth can move axially along the drive shaft by movably socketing the spline teeth on one end of the drive shaft.
  • the motor drives the drive shaft to drive the spline teeth to rotate, so that the spline teeth and the spline holes are quickly aligned. Socket quick connect.
  • the end of the drive shaft 10 is provided with a limiting portion for abutting against the outer end surface of the spline teeth 30 .
  • the limiting part is mainly used for limiting the spline tooth 30 to prevent it from slipping off the drive shaft 10 .
  • the limiting portion includes a limiting groove 111 arranged on the drive shaft 10, and a limiting member installed in the limiting groove 111, the limiting groove 111 may be an annular Groove, the stopper can be the rubber ring that is connected in the annular groove.
  • the end of the spline teeth 30 close to the connecting sleeve 20 can be provided with an introduction portion 31
  • the introduction portion 31 can be an inclined surface
  • the setting of the inclined surface facilitates the quick insertion of the spline teeth 30 into the connecting sleeve 20
  • an inclined surface may also be provided at the end of the spline hole 211 close to the spline teeth 30 .
  • the body 1 includes a battery mount at the bottom and a casing 11 above the battery mount, the casing 11 has a cavity for accommodating the motor, and one end has a socket communicating with the cavity 110.
  • One end of the tool main body 2 has a connector 21 that matches the socket portion 110, and the other end has a tool head 22 for installing a processing tool.
  • Both the socket portion 110 and the end surface of the connector 21 can be provided with a bevel, and the setting of the bevel makes the body 1 It is easier and more convenient to disassemble and assemble with the tool main body 2.
  • a locking mechanism 3 for locking the machine body 1 and the tool body 2 is also provided between the connecting head 21 and the housing 11.
  • the locking mechanism 3 includes a lock sleeve 301 installed on the housing 11, and the lock sleeve 301 can be relatively
  • the housing 11 rotates, the locking sleeve 301 is provided with a first locking portion 311 , and the connecting head 21 is provided with a second locking portion 210 matching with the first locking portion 311 .
  • the locking and unlocking between the connecting head and the housing is realized through the locking mechanism between the two, so that the machine body and the tool body can be quickly disassembled and assembled, and at the same time, the machine body and the tool body are guaranteed
  • the stability of the connection makes it difficult for the machine body and the tool body to loosen during work, avoiding the shaking of the tool body, thereby improving the processing effect.
  • the first locking part 311 can be a first stopper arranged on the inner wall of the lock sleeve 301, and a plurality of first stoppers can be arranged at equal intervals around the inner wall of the lock sleeve 301, and the second locking part 210 can be arranged at The second stopper on the circumferential wall of the connector 21, the second stoppers can be arranged at equal intervals around the outer wall of the connector 21, when the lock sleeve 301 is rotated, the first stopper and the second stopper abut or stagger, To lock or unlock the machine body 1 and the tool body 2.
  • the locking mechanism 3 can also include a toggle member 32 arranged on the housing 11.
  • the toggle member 32 has a fixed portion 321 connected to the lock sleeve 301, and is arranged on the fixed portion 321 and extends To the toggle part 322 outside the housing 11 .
  • the locking sleeve 301 is driven to rotate by the toggle member 32 , so as to quickly lock or unlock the machine body 1 and the tool body 2 .
  • the locking sleeve 301 can be fixedly connected to the fixing part 321 by sticking or screwing.
  • the locking part 312 can be provided on the locking sleeve 301, and the fixing part 321 can be provided with The engaging groove 3211 matched with the engaging portion 312, the engaging portion 312 may be T-shaped, so that the connection between the locking sleeve 301 and the toggle member 32 is more stable.
  • Locking mechanism 3 can also comprise fixed seat 33, and fixed seat 33 is used for installing lock sleeve 301, plays a role in protecting and supporting lock sleeve 301, and fixed base 33 can be a circular shell with an opening at one end, which is installed in the housing 11, the lock sleeve 301 is installed in the cavity of the fixed seat 33, and can rotate relative to the fixed seat 33.
  • the locking mechanism 3 can also include a gear adjustment mechanism, the gear adjustment mechanism includes a gear groove 331 and an adjusting piece 34, the gear groove 331 has a guiding side wall, and its cross section is in a downwardly concave circular arc or V shape.
  • the gear slot 331 is arranged on the fixing seat 33, and there are at least two, and the whole is corrugated.
  • the adjusting piece 34 moves from one gear slot 331 into the other adjacent gear slot 331 along the guide side wall. The tightness between the machine body 1 and the tool body 2 is adjusted through the gear adjustment mechanism.
  • the inner wall of the fixing seat 33 can also be provided with a mounting groove 332 for installing a retaining ring, and the retaining ring is used to abut against the outer surface of the lock sleeve 301 to limit and fix the lock sleeve 301 to prevent its displacement.
  • the body 1 may also include a switch control mechanism 13 installed in the housing 11 , the switch control mechanism 13 is used to control the lock or unlock of the switch 12 .
  • a switch control mechanism 13 installed in the housing 11 , the switch control mechanism 13 is used to control the lock or unlock of the switch 12 .
  • one end of the switch control mechanism 13 can be rotatably connected to the housing 11, and the other end is provided with a stopper 131 extending downward.
  • the switch control mechanism 13 is opened.
  • the stopper 131 rotates against the switch 12 to lock the switch 12 to prevent the operator from accidentally touching the switch 12 and avoid safety accidents; unlock.
  • the machine body 1 may also include a reverse control mechanism 14 disposed in the housing 11 for controlling the reverse rotation of the tool head 22 .
  • the reverse control mechanism 14 has a control button 141 protruding from the housing 11 .
  • the control button 141 has a protrusion 1411
  • the reverse control mechanism 14 may also include a locking block 142 and an elastic member 143.
  • the locking block 142 has a through groove 1421 sleeved on the protrusion 1411, and the elastic
  • the member 143 can be a spring, one end of which is connected to the housing 11 , and the other end is connected to the locking block 142 .
  • one end of the locking block 142 can be pressed against the rib at the bottom of the tool body 2, so that the locking block 142 can move backward along the through groove 1421 to press the protrusion.
  • Lift 1411 to lock the control button 141 when the installed tool head 22 has the function of reversing, the ribs at the bottom of the tool body 2 are removed, and the locking block 142 is reset forward under the action of the elastic member 143 to release the protrusion. Step 1411 to unlock the control button 141.
  • the electric tool that can realize fast assembly and assembly locking can move the spline teeth along the axial direction of the drive shaft by movably socketing the spline teeth on one end of the drive shaft.
  • the motor drives the drive shaft to drive the spline teeth to rotate, so that the spline teeth and the spline holes are quickly aligned.
  • the shaft and the connecting sleeve are quickly connected; through the locking mechanism between the connecting head and the housing, the locking and unlocking between the two is realized, so that the body and the tool body can be quickly disassembled and assembled, and at the same time, the connection between the body and the tool body is ensured.
  • the stability makes it difficult to loose between the machine body and the tool body during work, avoiding the shaking of the tool body, thereby improving the processing effect of the electric tool and ensuring the safety during work.

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Abstract

一种可实现快速装配及装配锁定的电动工具,包括机体（1）和可拆卸地连接于机体（1）上的工具主体（2），机体（1）的壳体（11）内设有与电机连接的驱动轴（10），其一端套接有沿驱动轴（10）移动的花键齿（30），驱动轴（10）与花键齿（30）之间设有旋转限位结构，工具主体（2）一端安装有连接套（20），连接套（20）内设有与花键齿（30）相配合的花键孔（211）；壳体（11）还设有插孔部（110），工具主体（2）一端具有与插孔部（110）配合的连接头（21）；连接头（21）与壳体（11）之间设置锁紧机构（3），其包括安装于壳体（11）上的锁套（301），锁套（301）上设有第一锁紧部（311），连接头（21）上设有与第一锁紧部（311）配合的第二锁紧部（210）。该电动工具可以实现机体（1）与工具主体（2）的快速装配与锁定，方便根据工作需求快捷地更换不同的工具头，并保证装配的可靠性，保证工作时的安全性。

Description

一种可实现快速装配及装配锁定的电动工具 技术领域
本发明涉及电动工具技术领域，特别涉及一种可以实现电动工具机体部与工具主体部快速装配及装配锁定的电工工具。
背景技术
电动工具主要分为金属切削电动工具、研磨电动工具、装配电动工具和铁道用电动工具。常见的电动工具有电钻、电锤、冲击电钻等。以前的电动工具一般是由专业人员进行操作使用，随着大容量电池特别是锂电电池的普及应用，各种功能电动工具已经从专业领域走进了千家万户，在个体家庭中也得到了广泛使用，因此，电动工具操作的便利性、安全性要求也随之提高。
电动工具主要包括机体和设于机体一端的工具主体，为方便使用，现有技术中，通常将机体与工具主体设为可拆卸式的，通过更换工具主体以满足不同的使用功能。但在实际使用中，由于机体与工具主体之间是通过花键齿和花键孔配合，装配时齿与孔的位置需要对准才能装配上，而不同工具主体上的花键孔的位置会有差异，造成工具主体无法快速插入机体上，装配困难，影响操作者使用。
另外，目前的电动工具的工具主体大都采用螺纹的方式直接连接于机体上，这种连接方式不仅无法实现快速拆装，而且由于电动工具在工作过程中有较强的振动，使得机体与工具主体的连接处易松动，从而导致工具主体出现晃动，影响操作者的使用。
发明内容
根据电动工具的应用需求，本发明的目的在于提供一种能够实现电动工具的工具主体与机体快速装配及装配锁定的电动工具，降低操作难度，提高工作时的可靠性和安全性。
本发明提供一种可实现快速装配及装配锁定的电动工具，包括机体和可拆卸地连接于所述机体上的工具主体；
所述机体的壳体内设有与电机连接的驱动轴，所述驱动轴靠近所述工具主体的一端套接有花键齿，所述花键齿能沿所述驱动轴轴向移动，且所述驱动轴与所述花键齿之间设有旋转限位结构，使所述花键齿能够随所述驱动轴一同旋转；所述工具主体靠近所述机体一端安装有连接套，所述连接套内设有与所述花键齿相配合的花键孔；所述驱动轴上还套设有弹性件，所述弹性件一端与所述驱动轴连接，另一端连接所述花键齿；
所述壳体还设有插孔部，所述工具主体一端具有与所述插孔部配合的连接头,另一端具有用于安装加工工具的工具头；设于所述连接头与所述壳体之间的锁紧机构，所述锁紧 机构包括安装于所述壳体上的锁套，所述锁套上设有第一锁紧部，所述连接头上设有与所述第一锁紧部配合的第二锁紧部；其中，转动所述锁套，使所述第一锁紧部与所述第二锁紧部锁定或解锁。
优选地，所述驱动轴的端部设有用于抵接于所述花键齿外端面的限位部。
优选地，所述限位部包括设于所述驱动轴上的限位凹槽，及安装于所述限位凹槽内的限位件。
优选地，所述限位件为橡胶圈。
优选地，所述旋转限位结构包括沿所述驱动轴轴向设置的平面部，所述所述花键齿内的安装孔与所述驱动轴相配合。
优选地，所述平面部绕所述驱动轴的轴心呈圆周阵列设有两个或两个以上。
优选地，所述旋转限位结构包括设于所述驱动轴上的凸起部，及设于所述花键齿内与所述凸起部相配合的凹陷部。
优选地，所述花键齿靠近所述连接套的端部设有导入部。
优选地，所述第一锁紧部为设置在所述锁套内壁的第一挡块，所述第二锁紧部为设置在所述连接头圆周壁上的第二挡块；
当转动所述锁套，所述第一挡块与所述第二挡块抵接或错开。
优选地，所述锁紧机构还包括用于调节所述锁套转动的拨动件，所述拨动件具有与所述锁套连接的固定部，及设于所述固定部上并延伸至所述壳体外的拨动部。
优选地，所述锁紧机构还包括固定座，所述固定座安装于所述壳体内，所述锁套安装于所述固定座内。
优选地，所述锁紧机构还包括挡位调节机构，所述挡位调节机构包括：挡位槽，所述挡位槽设置在所述固定座上，且至少设有两个，所述挡位槽具有导向侧壁；调节片，所述调节片安装在所述固定部上，且所述调节片底部卡设在所述挡位槽内，并在所述拨动件带动下，沿所述导向侧壁从一个所述挡位槽移入相邻的另一个所述挡位槽内。
优选地，所述锁套上设有卡接部，所述固定部上设有与所述卡接部配合的卡接槽。
优选地，所述固定座的内壁设有用于安装挡圈的安装槽，所述挡圈用于抵接在所述锁套外侧面。
优选地，还包括安装于所述壳体内的开关控制机构，所述开关控制机构用于控制开关锁定或解锁。
优选地，还包括设于所述壳体内的反转控制机构，所述反转控制机构具有从所述壳体内伸出的控制按钮。
优选地，所述控制按钮上具有凸起，所述反转控制机构还包括：锁紧块，所述锁紧块具有套设在所述凸起上的通槽；弹性件，所述弹性件一端与所述壳体连接，另一端连接所述锁紧块。
本发明提供的一种可实现快速装配及装配锁定的电动工具，通过将花键齿活动套接在驱动轴一端，使花键齿可沿驱动轴轴向移动，在花键齿与花键孔无法对接时，通过电机驱动驱动轴带动花键齿旋转，使花键齿与花键孔快速对准，在弹性件的作用下使花键齿向前移动插入花键孔内，从而将驱动轴与连接接套快速连接；通过连接头与壳体之间的锁紧机构实现两者之间的锁定和解锁，使机体和工具主体实现快速拆装，同时保证机体和工具主体之间连接的稳固性，使得在工作时，机体与工具主体之间不易发生松动，避免工具主体出现晃动，从而提高电动工具的加工效果并保证工作时的安全性。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明中记载的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本发明实施方式的可快速装配的电动工具立体结构示意图；
图2为本发明实施方式的可快速装配的电动工具拆分图；
图3为本发明实施方式的可快速装配的电动工具中工具主体立体结构示意图；
图4为本发明实施方式的可快速装配的电动工具中驱动轴与连接套装配结构示意图；
图5为本发明实施方式的可快速装配的电动工具中驱动轴与花键齿及弹性件装配结构示意图；
图6为本发明实施方式的可快速装配的电动工具中驱动轴立体结构示意图；
图7为本发明实施方式的可快速装配的电动工具中花键齿立体结构示意图；
图8为本发明实施方式的可快速装配的电动工具中连接套立体结构示意图；
图9为本发明实施方式的电动工具中壳体内部结构示意图；
图10为图9中A部放大图；
图11为本发明实施方式的电动工具中开关控制机构立体结构示意图；
图12为本发明实施方式的电动工具中反转控制机构立体结构示意图；
图13为本发明实施方式的电动工具中锁紧机构立体结构示意图；
图14为图13另一角度立体结构示意图；
图15为本发明实施方式的电动工具中锁紧机构爆炸图。
附图标记
1-机体；2-工具主体；3-锁紧机构；10-驱动轴；111-限位凹槽；112-平面部；211-花键孔；11-壳体；12-开关；13-开关控制机构；14-反转控制机构；20-连接套；21-连接头；22-工具头；301-锁套；32-拨动件；33-固定座；34-调节片；110-插孔部；131-挡块；141-控制按钮；142-锁紧块；143-弹性件；210-第二锁紧部；30-花键齿；31-导入部；311-第一锁紧部；312-卡接部；321-固定部；322-拨动部；331-挡位槽；332-安装槽；1411-凸起；1421-通槽；3211-卡接槽；40-弹性件。
具体实施方式
为了使本领域技术人员更好地理解本发明的技术方案，下面结合附图对本发明进行详细描述，本部分的描述仅是示范性和解释性，不应对本发明的保护范围有任何的限制作用。
应注意到：相似的标号在下面的附图中表示类似项，因此，一旦某一项在一个附图中被定义，则在随后的附图中不需要对其进行进一步定义和解释。
需要说明的是，术语“中心”、“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，或者是该发明产品使用时惯常摆放的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本发明的限制。此外，术语“第一”、“第二”等仅用于区分描述，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性。
此外，术语“水平”、“竖直”、“悬垂”等术语并不表示要求部件绝对水平或悬垂，而是可以稍微倾斜。如“水平”仅仅是指其方向相对“竖直”而言更加水平，并不是表示该结构一定要完全水平，而是可以稍微倾斜。
在本发明的描述中，还需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“设置”、“安装”、“相连”、“连接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义。
如图1所示，本实施方式提供的一种可实现快速装配及装配锁定的电动工具，包括机 体1、工具主体2以及机体1与工具主体2装配后的锁紧机构3。
先结合参照图2-图8，本发明的电动工具的机体1与工具主体2的快速装配结构及装配原理详述如下。
机体1的壳体11内设有与电机连接的驱动轴10，驱动轴10靠近工具主体2的一端套接有花键齿30，花键齿30能沿驱动轴10轴向移动，且驱动轴10与花键齿30之间设有旋转限位结构，使花键齿30能够随驱动轴10一同旋转。
工具主体2靠近机体1一端安装有连接套20，连接套20内设有与花键齿30相配合的花键孔211。
驱动轴10上还套设有弹性件40，弹性件40一端与驱动轴10连接，另一端连接花键齿30。
其中，主体1包括位于底部的电池安装座及位于电池安装座上方的壳体，壳体内具有容纳电机的空腔，驱动轴10与电机连接，用于输出驱动力。驱动轴10设为阶梯轴，其一端朝工具主体2的方向延伸。花键齿30内设有与驱动轴10的延伸端相适配的安装孔，且安装孔与驱动轴10间隙配合，使花键齿30能够相对驱动轴10轴向移动。
其中，旋转限位结构用于将驱动轴10与花键齿30的旋转方向进行定位固定，在电机驱动下，花键齿30能够随驱动轴10一同旋转。
具体地，旋转限位结构可以包括沿驱动轴10轴向设置的平面部112，花键齿30内的安装孔形状与驱动轴10相配合。平面部112可以绕驱动轴10的轴心呈圆周阵列设有两个或两个以上。
当然，旋转限位结构也可以包括设于驱动轴10上的凸起部，及设于花键齿30内与凸起部相配合的凹陷部。通过凸起部与凹陷部配合插接，以将驱动轴10与花键齿30的旋转方向进行固定。
其中，工具主体2包括与主体1相配合的外壳体，外壳体一端设有与主体1插接的插接头，连接套20设于工具主体2内，其一端设有用于安装工作件的安装部，另一端通过花键孔211与花键齿30插接固定，从而使连接套20与驱动轴10固定为一体，在电机驱动下，驱动轴10能够带动连接套20及工作件一同旋转。
其中，弹性件40可以是弹簧或者橡胶套，弹性件40套设在驱动轴10的延伸端，其一端与驱动轴10固定，另一端与花键齿30固定。
本实施新型提供的一种可快速装配的电动工具，在装配时，将工具主体2插入机体1内，驱动轴10伸入至连接套20内，若驱动轴10上的花键齿30与连接套20内的花键孔 211对准，则花键齿30直接插入花键孔211内，将驱动轴10与连接套20固定；若驱动轴10上的花键齿30与连接套20内的花键孔211呈错开的状态，连接套20则推动花键齿30向后移动，弹性件40压缩，此时启动电机，驱动驱动轴10带动花键齿30旋转，当花键齿30转动至与花键孔211对准时，在弹性件40作用下，花键齿30向前移动，自动弹入花键孔211内，与连接套20插接固定。
可见，本发明提供的一种可快速装配的电动工具，通过将花键齿活动套接在驱动轴一端，使花键齿可沿驱动轴轴向移动，在花键齿与花键孔无法对接时，通过电机驱动驱动轴带动花键齿旋转，使花键齿与花键孔快速对准，在弹性件的作用下使花键齿向前移动插入花键孔内，从而将驱动轴与连接接套快速连接。
作为本实施方式的进一步优选，驱动轴10的端部设有用于抵接于花键齿30外端面的限位部。限位部主要用于对花键齿30起限位作用，防止其从驱动轴10上滑落。
其中，限位部包括设于驱动轴10上的限位凹槽111，及安装于限位凹槽111内的限位件，限位凹槽111可以是设于驱动轴10圆周面上的环形槽，限位件可以是连接在环形槽内的橡胶圈。
进一步地，花键齿30靠近连接套20的端部可以设置导入部31，导入部31可以是斜面，斜面的设置便于花键齿30快速插入连接套20内。同理，在花键孔211靠近花键齿30的一端也可以设置斜面。
接着，结合参照图9-图15，本发明的电动工具的机体1与工具主体2装配后的锁紧机构及锁定原理详述如下。
如图2和图9所示，机体1包括位于底部的电池安装座及位于电池安装座上方的壳体11，壳体11内具有容纳电机的空腔，一端具有与空腔连通的插孔部110。工具主体2一端具有与插孔部110配合的连接头21,另一端具有用于安装加工工具的工具头22，插孔部110与连接头21的端面均可以设置斜面，斜面的设置使得机体1和工具主体2拆装更加轻松、方便。
连接头21与壳体11之间还设有用于将机体1与工具主体2进行锁定的锁紧机构3，锁紧机构3包括安装于壳体11上的锁套301，且锁套301可相对壳体11转动，锁套301上设有第一锁紧部311，连接头21上设有与第一锁紧部311配合的第二锁紧部210。
当需要机体1与工具主体2连接时，将连接头21插入插孔部110内，旋转锁套301，使第一锁紧部311与第二锁紧部210卡接，从而将机体1和工具主体2锁紧固定；当需要将工具主体2拆卸时，旋转锁套301，使第一锁紧部311与第二锁紧部210分离开，从而 将机体1和工具主体2解锁分开。
可见，本实施方式提供的一种电动工具，通过连接头与壳体之间的锁紧机构实现两者之间的锁定和解锁，使机体和工具主体实现快速拆装，同时保证机体和工具主体之间连接的稳固性，使得在工作时，机体与工具主体之间不易发生松动，避免工具主体出现晃动，从而提高加工效果。
具体地，第一锁紧部311可以为设置在锁套301内壁的第一挡块，第一挡块可以绕锁套301圆周内壁等间距设置多个，第二锁紧部210可以为设置在连接头21圆周壁上的第二挡块，第二挡块可以绕连接头21圆周外壁等间距设置多个，当转动锁套301，使第一挡块与第二挡块抵接或错开，以将机体1与工具主体2锁定或解锁。
为便于旋转锁套301，锁紧机构3还可以包括设于壳体11上的拨动件32，拨动件32具有与锁套301连接的固定部321，及设于固定部321上并延伸至壳体11外的拨动部322。通过拨动件32带动锁套301转动，从而实现快速将机体1和工具主体2锁定或解锁。
具体地，锁套301可以通过粘贴或螺钉等方式与固定部321固定连接，当然，在本实施方式中，为便于拆装，可以在锁套301上设置卡接部312，固定部321上设置与卡接部312配合的卡接槽3211，卡接部312可以呈T型，使得锁套301与拨动件32连接更加稳固。
锁紧机构3还可以包括固定座33，固定座33用于安装锁套301，对锁套301起保护和支承作用，固定座33可以是一端具有开口的圆形壳体，其安装在壳体11内，锁套301则安装在固定座33内腔，且可相对固定座33旋转。
锁紧机构3还可以包括挡位调节机构，挡位调节机构包括挡位槽331和调节片34，挡位槽331具有导向侧壁，其横截面呈向下凹的圆弧形或V字型，挡位槽331设置在固定座33上，且至少设有两个，整体呈波纹形，调节片34安装在固定部321上，并与拨动件32固定为一体，调节片34底部卡设在挡位槽331内，在拨动件32带动下，调节片34沿导向侧壁从一个挡位槽331移入相邻的另一个挡位槽331内。通过挡位调节机构以调节机体1与工具主体2之间的松紧度。
其中，固定座33的内壁还可以设置用于安装挡圈的安装槽332，挡圈用于抵接在锁套301的外侧面，以将锁套301限位固定，防止其出现偏位。
机体1还可以包括安装于壳体11内的开关控制机构13，开关控制机构13用于控制开关12锁定或解锁。具体地，如图10和图11所示，开关控制机构13一端可以与壳体11 转动连接，另一端设有向下延伸的挡块131，在工具主体2安装之前，开关控制机构13开启，挡块131转动抵接开关12，以将开关12进行锁定，防止操作人员误触开关12，避免安全事故发生；在工具主体2安装到位后，挡块131转动远离开关12，以将开关12进行解锁。
机体1还可以包括设于壳体11内用于控制工具头22反转的反转控制机构14，反转控制机构14具有从壳体11内伸出的控制按钮141。
如图12所示，控制按钮141上具有凸起1411，反转控制机构14还可以包括锁紧块142和弹性件143，锁紧块142具有套设在凸起1411上的通槽1421，弹性件143可以是弹簧，其一端与壳体11连接，另一端连接锁紧块142。
具体地，当安装的工具头22不具备反转功能时，可通过工具主体2底部的筋条顶压锁紧块142一端，使锁紧块142沿通槽1421向后移动，以顶压凸起1411，从而将控制按钮141锁定；当安装的工具头22具备反转功能时，将工具主体2底部的筋条拆除，锁紧块142在弹性件143的作用下向前复位，以释放凸起1411，从而将控制按钮141解锁。
本发明的上述实施例的可实现快速装配及装配锁定的电动工具，通过将花键齿活动套接在驱动轴一端，使花键齿可沿驱动轴轴向移动，在花键齿与花键孔无法对接时，通过电机驱动驱动轴带动花键齿旋转，使花键齿与花键孔快速对准，在弹性件的作用下使花键齿向前移动插入花键孔内，从而将驱动轴与连接接套快速连接；通过连接头与壳体之间的锁紧机构实现两者之间的锁定和解锁，使机体和工具主体实现快速拆装，同时保证机体和工具主体之间连接的稳固性，使得在工作时，机体与工具主体之间不易发生松动，避免工具主体出现晃动，从而提高电动工具的加工效果并保证工作时的安全性。
需要说明的是，在本文中，术语“包括”、“包含”或者其任何其他变体意在涵盖非排他性的包含，从而使得包括一系列要素的过程、方法、物品或者设备不仅包括那些要素，而且还包括没有明确列出的其他要素，或者是还包括为这种过程、方法、物品或者设备所固有的要素。
本文中应用了具体个例对本发明的原理及实施方式进行了阐述，以上实例的说明只是用于帮助理解本发明的方法及其核心思想。以上仅是本发明的优选实施方式，应当指出，由于文字表达的有限性，而客观上存在无限的具体结构，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明原理的前提下，还可以做出若干改进、润饰或变化，也可以将上述技术特征以适当的方式进行组合；这些改进润饰、变化或组合，或未经改进将发明的构思和技术方案直接应用于其它场合的，均应视为本发明的保护范围。

Claims (17)

  1. 一种可实现快速装配及装配锁定的电动工具，其特征在于，所述的电动工具包括机体(1)和可拆卸地连接于所述机体(1)上的工具主体(2)；
    所述机体(1)的壳体(11)内设有与电机连接的驱动轴(10)，所述驱动轴(10)靠近所述工具主体(2)的一端套接有花键齿(30)，所述花键齿(30)能沿所述驱动轴(10)轴向移动，且所述驱动轴(10)与所述花键齿(30)之间设有旋转限位结构，使所述花键齿(30)能够随所述驱动轴(10)一同旋转；所述工具主体(2)靠近所述机体(1)一端安装有连接套(20)，所述连接套(20)内设有与所述花键齿(30)相配合的花键孔(211)；所述驱动轴(10)上还套设有弹性件(40)，所述弹性件(40)一端与所述驱动轴(10)连接，另一端连接所述花键齿(30)；
    所述壳体(11)内还设有插孔部(110)，所述工具主体(2)一端具有与所述插孔部(110)配合的连接头(21),另一端具有用于安装加工工具的工具头(22)；设于所述连接头(21)与所述壳体(11)之间的锁紧机构(3)，所述锁紧机构(3)包括安装于所述壳体(11)上的锁套(301)，所述锁套(301)上设有第一锁紧部(311)，所述连接头(21)上设有与所述第一锁紧部(311)配合的第二锁紧部(210)；其中，转动所述锁套(301)，使所述第一锁紧部(311)与所述第二锁紧部(210)锁定或解锁。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种可实现快速装配及装配锁定的电动工具，其特征在于，所述驱动轴(10)的端部设有用于抵接于所述花键齿(30)外端面的限位部。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的一种可实现快速装配及装配锁定的电动工具，其特征在于，所述限位部包括设于所述驱动轴(10)上的限位凹槽(111)，及安装于所述限位凹槽(111)内的限位件。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的一种可实现快速装配及装配锁定的电动工具，其特征在于，所述限位件为橡胶圈。
  5. 根据权利要求1至4任意一项所述的一种可实现快速装配及装配锁定的电动工具，其特征在于，所述旋转限位结构包括沿所述驱动轴(10)轴向设置的平面部(112)，所述花键齿(30)内的安装孔与所述驱动轴(10)相配合。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的一种可实现快速装配及装配锁定的电动工具，其特征在于，所述平面部(112)绕所述驱动轴(10)的轴心呈圆周阵列设有两个或两个以上。
  7. 根据权利要求1至4任意一项所述的一种可实现快速装配及装配锁定的电动工具，其特征在于，所述旋转限位结构包括设于所述驱动轴(10)上的凸起部，及设于所述花键齿(30)内与所述凸起部相配合的凹陷部。
  8. 根据权利要求1至4任意一项所述的一种可实现快速装配及装配锁定的电动工具，其特征在于，所述花键齿(30)靠近所述连接套(20)的端部设有导入部(31)。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的一种可实现快速装配及装配锁定的电动工具，其特征在于，所述第一锁紧部(311)为设置在所述锁套(301)内壁的第一挡块，所述第二锁紧部(210)为设置在所述连接头(21)圆周壁上的第二挡块；当转动所述锁套(301)，所述第一挡块与所述第二挡块抵接或错开。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的一种可实现快速装配及装配锁定的电动工具，其特征在于，所述锁紧机构(3)还包括用于调节所述锁套(301)转动的拨动件(32)，所述拨动件(32)具有与所述锁套(301)连接的固定部(321)，及设于所述固定部(321)上并延伸至所述壳体(11)外的拨动部(322)。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的一种可实现快速装配及装配锁定的电动工具，其特征在于，所述锁紧机构(3)还包括固定座(33)，所述固定座(33)安装于所述壳体(11)内，所述锁套(301)安装于所述固定座(33)内。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的一种可实现快速装配及装配锁定的电动工具，其特征在于，所述锁紧机构(3)还包括挡位调节机构，所述挡位调节机构包括：
    挡位槽(331)，所述挡位槽(331)设置在所述固定座(33)上，且至少设有两个，所述挡位槽(331)具有导向侧壁；
    调节片(34)，所述调节片(34)安装在所述固定部(321)上，且所述调节片(34)底部卡设在所述挡位槽(331)内，并在所述拨动件(32)带动下，沿所述导向侧壁从一个所述挡位槽(331)移入相邻的另一个所述挡位槽(331)内。
  13. 根据权利要求10所述的一种可实现快速装配及装配锁定的电动工具，其特征在于，所述锁套(301)上设有卡接部(312)，所述固定部(321)上设有与所述卡接部(312)配合的卡接槽(3211)。
  14. 根据权利要求11所述的一种可实现快速装配及装配锁定的电动工具，其特征在于，所述固定座(33)的内壁设有用于安装挡圈的安装槽(332)，所述挡圈用于抵接在所述锁套(301)外侧面。
  15. 根据权利要求1所述的一种可实现快速装配及装配锁定的电动工具，其特征在于，所述机体(1)还包括安装于所述壳体(11)内的开关控制机构(13)，所述开关控制机构(13)用于控制开关(12)锁定或解锁。
  16. 根据权利要求1所述的一种可实现快速装配及装配锁定的电动工具，其特征在于，所述机体(1)还包括设于所述壳体(11)内的反转控制机构(14)，所述反转控制机构(14)具有从所述壳体(11)内伸出的控制按钮(141)。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的一种可实现快速装配及装配锁定的电动工具，其特征在于，所述控制按钮(141)上具有凸起(1411)，所述反转控制机构(14)还包括：
    锁紧块(142)，所述锁紧块(142)具有套设在所述凸起(1411)上的通槽(1421)；
    弹性件(143)，所述弹性件(143)一端与所述壳体(11)连接，另一端连接所述锁紧块(142)。
PCT/CN2022/091567 2021-11-03 2022-05-07 一种可实现快速装配及装配锁定的电动工具 WO2023077761A1 (zh)

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