WO2022078329A1 - 换电站 - Google Patents

换电站 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022078329A1
WO2022078329A1 PCT/CN2021/123297 CN2021123297W WO2022078329A1 WO 2022078329 A1 WO2022078329 A1 WO 2022078329A1 CN 2021123297 W CN2021123297 W CN 2021123297W WO 2022078329 A1 WO2022078329 A1 WO 2022078329A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
power exchange
box
vehicle
platform
battery
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Application number
PCT/CN2021/123297
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张建平
朱明厚
万里斌
兰志波
Original Assignee
奥动新能源汽车科技有限公司
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Application filed by 奥动新能源汽车科技有限公司 filed Critical 奥动新能源汽车科技有限公司
Publication of WO2022078329A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022078329A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/30—Constructional details of charging stations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/80—Exchanging energy storage elements, e.g. removable batteries
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60S—SERVICING, CLEANING, REPAIRING, SUPPORTING, LIFTING, OR MANOEUVRING OF VEHICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60S5/00—Servicing, maintaining, repairing, or refitting of vehicles
    • B60S5/06—Supplying batteries to, or removing batteries from, vehicles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/12—Electric charging stations

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of electric vehicles, in particular to a power exchange station.
  • the existing battery installation methods of electric vehicles are generally divided into fixed type and replaceable type.
  • the fixed battery is generally fixed on the vehicle, and the vehicle is directly used as the charging object when charging.
  • the replaceable battery is generally installed in a movable way. The battery can be removed at any time for replacement or charging. After the battery is removed from the electric vehicle, the fully charged battery can be installed in the electric vehicle to obtain power supply. No time-consuming waiting for charging to complete.
  • the battery of the existing replaceable structure is installed on the body support of the electric vehicle, and the exchange station replaces the replaceable battery of the electric vehicle on the vehicle platform through a shuttle.
  • the overall power exchange efficiency of the power exchange station is generally improved from the perspective of improving the power exchange efficiency of an electric vehicle. It is possible to exchange power for an electric vehicle, resulting in poor overall power exchange efficiency of the power exchange station; there are also ways to improve the overall power exchange efficiency of the power exchange station by increasing the number of power exchange stations or the number of complete sets of power exchange related equipment in the power exchange station. This method will greatly increase the area occupied by the power station, occupy a large amount of land area, and increase the cost of station construction.
  • the Chinese patent application with publication number CN109849861A discloses a power exchange station and a control method thereof.
  • the power exchange station includes: a first charging room and a second charging room; a first power exchange platform, and the first power exchange platform is located in the first charging room and the second charging room; the first shuttle and the second shuttle, which travel between the first charging room, the second charging room and the first power exchange platform, respectively; and the control unit, which is connected to the first
  • the shuttle car and the second shuttle car are electrically connected to control the first shuttle car and the second shuttle car to perform the following operations: when the same vehicle on the first power exchange platform is operated, if the first shuttle car performs removal of the battery and When one operation of installing the battery is performed, the second shuttle performs the other operation of removing the battery and installing the battery.
  • the battery swap station and the control method thereof shorten the waiting time for the vehicle to replace the battery, and improve the battery replacement efficiency of the battery swap station.
  • the vehicle on the first power exchange platform can only be exchanged from both sides, while the vehicle on the second power exchange platform can only be exchanged from one side. That is to say, the power exchange efficiency of the vehicle on the second power exchange platform is still low; moreover, the charging room between the two power exchange platforms is designed to be shared, which will inevitably lead to only one battery transfer operation at the same time, which will greatly reduce the power consumption. Reduce power exchange efficiency.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the defect that the overall power exchange efficiency of the power exchange station in the prior art is low, and to provide a system that can reduce the cost and reduce the floor space while improving the overall power exchange efficiency of the power exchange station. Swap station.
  • a power exchange station is used for replacing a battery pack on an electric vehicle, the power exchange station comprises a first power exchange box body and a second power exchange box body arranged in parallel, the first power exchange box body and the second power exchange box body are arranged in parallel.
  • a first multifunctional box body and a second multifunctional box body are arranged between the two ends in the length direction of the second power exchange box body, and the first power exchange box body and the second power exchange box body are along the
  • a vehicle-carrying platform is arranged throughout the width direction, which are a first vehicle-carrying platform and a second vehicle-carrying platform respectively.
  • the functional box body and the second multi-functional box body are respectively located on both sides of the driving passage, so as to form a zigzag-like power exchange station.
  • each vehicle platform is provided with a power exchange area for an electric vehicle to exchange power, and the electric vehicle can be parked in the power exchange area to perform power exchange operations.
  • the two electric vehicles are exchanged by two mutually independent first power exchange boxes and second power exchange boxes, and they do not interfere with each other during the power exchange process, so that the power exchange station can exchange power for two electric vehicles at the same time. feasibility.
  • Both the first multifunctional box and the second multifunctional box are arranged between the first power exchange box and the second power exchange box.
  • the first power exchange box and the second power exchange box can be fully utilized.
  • two power exchange boxes and two multifunctional boxes form a quasi-shaped power exchange station, which provides a new layout structure of the power exchange station, which greatly reduces the area of The construction cost of the power station;
  • the first power exchange box and the second power exchange box can share the first multifunctional box and the second multifunctional box, reducing the number of multifunctional boxes and reducing the occupation of the power exchange station.
  • the land area is further improved to further improve the feasibility of the power exchange station for two electric vehicles at the same time.
  • the first vehicle-carrying platform and the second vehicle-carrying platform both extend with an up-slope and a down-slope along the driving-in and out-going direction of the electric vehicle.
  • the electric vehicle is guided to drive to the power exchange area on the vehicle platform through the uphill, and the electric vehicle is guided to leave the power exchange area through the downhill, so as to realize the guidance of the driving path of the electric vehicle before and after the power exchange. , so that the electric vehicle to be replaced can be accurately parked in the battery-changing area on the vehicle platform.
  • the electric vehicles of the first vehicle platform and the second vehicle platform are driven in and out in the same direction, and any of the first multi-function box and the second multi-function box is in the same direction.
  • One is provided with a drive-out channel at a position corresponding to the downhill on the driving channel, and the drive-out channel is used for the electric vehicle on the corresponding vehicle platform to drive out of the swap station .
  • the direction in which the electric vehicles of the first vehicle platform and the second vehicle platform drive in and out are the same, which means that there is only one entrance and one exit for the swap station.
  • the car platform, the exit of the swap station is close to the car platform located in front of the direction in which the electric vehicle is entering, and only the electric vehicle that is being swapped on the front car platform leaves the swap station, and the battery is swapped on the rear car platform. Electric cars can only leave the swap station.
  • By setting the drive-out channel on the first multi-function box or the second multi-function box it is convenient for the electric vehicle in the rear to directly drive out of the power exchange station through the drive-out channel on the side after completing the power exchange, without waiting for the electric vehicle in front.
  • the car has been swapped and driven away, which improves the overall swapping efficiency of the swap station.
  • the electric vehicles of the first vehicle platform and the second vehicle platform are arranged in opposite directions of driving in and out, and at least one of the first multi-function box and the second multi-function box is installed.
  • One is provided with a drive-out channel at a position corresponding to the downhill on the driving channel, and the drive-out channel is used for the electric vehicle on the corresponding vehicle platform to drive out of the swap station .
  • the electric vehicles of the first vehicle platform and the second vehicle platform drive in and out in opposite directions, which means that the swap station has two entrances, and the two electric vehicles can enter and exit from the two entrances on both sides of the swap station at the same time.
  • the exit channel set on the first multi-function box or the second multi-function box will leave the power exchange station.
  • the exit channel set on the first multi-function box or the second multi-function box will leave the power exchange station.
  • other electric vehicles waiting for battery replacement can drive into the vehicle platform, without waiting for the electric vehicle to complete the battery replacement to completely leave the area where the battery swap station is located, which further improves the battery replacement efficiency of the battery swap station.
  • a drive-out channel can also be set on the first multi-function box body and the second multi-function box body respectively. In this way, it is more convenient for the two electric vehicles to drive away from the power exchange station through the corresponding drive-out channel at the same time when the power exchange is completed at the same time. .
  • the power exchange box body parts located on both sides of the first vehicle platform and the second vehicle platform are respectively formed.
  • a first functional area and a second functional area the first multi-functional box body communicates with at least one of the two first functional areas at both ends, so that the first battery transport device can be used in the first multi-functional box.
  • the second multi-function box is communicated with at least one of the two second functional areas at both ends, so that the second battery transport device can be used in the second multi-function area. move between the functional box and the second functional area.
  • the battery swap boxes on both sides of the two vehicle platforms form a functional area respectively, so that the battery can be removed and installed from the two sides of the vehicle platform for the electric vehicle, thereby improving the battery replacement efficiency of the electric vehicle.
  • the multi-functional box is connected with the corresponding functional area, so that the corresponding battery transfer device can transfer the battery between the functional area and the multi-kinetic energy box, so as to improve the battery transfer efficiency, so as to improve the overall power exchange efficiency of the power exchange station.
  • the first functional area and the second functional area are respectively provided with a first temporary storage area and a second temporary storage area for temporarily storing the battery swapping device used for disassembling and assembling the battery pack; and/or, the The first functional area and the second functional area are respectively provided with a first charging compartment and a second charging compartment for placing the battery pack.
  • the battery swapping device travels back and forth between the functional area and the vehicle-carrying platform to remove or install the battery of the electric vehicle, and a temporary storage area is set up in the functional area to facilitate the storage of the battery swapping device.
  • the moving travel distance is the best, and the disassembled battery pack can be stored and charged through the corresponding charging compartment, which improves the disassembly and assembly efficiency of the battery pack.
  • the battery replacement device transports and installs the fully charged battery pack in the functional area on the electric vehicle parked on the vehicle platform, and removes and transports the battery pack with insufficient power from the electric vehicle to the functional area for charging.
  • the charging compartment is used to place the battery pack and charge the battery pack.
  • the charged battery pack is transported through a power exchange device and installed on the electric vehicle to provide power for the electric vehicle.
  • the above arrangement enables the battery replacement device to transport the battery pack removed from the electric vehicle to any functional area and charge it, or to take out the battery pack in any functional area to supply the electric vehicle, which improves the replacement performance. Electric flexibility.
  • the first power exchange box is provided with a first power exchange device that travels between the first vehicle platform and the first temporary storage area, and a first power exchange device that travels between the first vehicle platform and the first temporary storage area.
  • the second power exchange equipment in the second temporary storage area; the second power exchange box is provided with the first power exchange equipment to and from the second vehicle platform and the first temporary storage area, and to The second vehicle platform and the second power exchange device in the second temporary storage area.
  • each power exchange box has two power exchange devices to provide power exchange services for an electric vehicle, one power exchange device is used to take out the battery pack on the electric vehicle, and the other power exchange device is used to send the battery to the electric vehicle.
  • Installing the battery pack in the car, taking out the battery pack on the electric car and obtaining a new battery pack in the functional area can be done at the same time. Compared with only one battery replacement device, it saves the battery pack after the battery replacement device takes out the battery pack. The time it takes to obtain a new battery pack after placing it in the functional area improves the overall power exchange efficiency of the power exchange station.
  • the power exchange box parts located on both sides of the first vehicle platform respectively constitute a first functional area and a second functional area; in the second power exchange In the box, the part of the battery-changing box located on either side of the second vehicle platform constitutes the first functional area, and the first multi-function box is respectively connected to the two ends of the power exchange box.
  • the first functional area communicates with each other for the first battery transfer device to move between the first multifunctional box and the first functional area
  • the second multifunctional box is only connected to the second function at one end
  • Areas are communicated with each other for the second battery transfer device to move between the second multi-function box and the second functional area
  • the second multi-function box and the second battery exchange box are formed between the second multi-function box and the second battery exchange box Exit the channel.
  • a method for forming an exit channel is provided.
  • the exit channel is formed by the gap between one end of the second power exchange box that is not connected to the second functional area and the second functional area on the side, with a simple structure, The cost is low. In this way, the length dimension of the second multi-function box is smaller than that of the first multi-function box.
  • the power exchange station further includes a monitoring room, and any one of the first multi-function box body and the second multi-function box body is set as the monitoring room; or, the monitoring room is independently set Outside the first multi-function box and the second multi-function box, and connected with the first multi-function box and the second multi-function box; and/or, the power exchange station Also includes a charger module, the charger module is arranged in any one of the first multi-function box body and the second multi-function box body.
  • the monitoring room is used to monitor the entire power exchange process, which is convenient for technicians to find problems in the power exchange process in time to deal with them, and improve the reliability of power exchange at the power exchange station.
  • the charger module is arranged in the multi-functional box, which is convenient for temperature control of the entire power exchange station, and can achieve better temperature control effect.
  • the first vehicle-carrying platform and the second vehicle-carrying platform are provided with an ascending ramp and a descending ramp along the driving-in and driving-out direction of the electric vehicle, and the first vehicle-carrying platform and the third The two vehicle platforms are connected through the platform.
  • the first vehicle-carrying platform and the second vehicle-carrying platform share one uphill and one downhill, which can reduce the uphill and downhill process of the electric vehicle, and make the electric vehicle travel more easily in the driving passage. smooth.
  • reducing one up ramp and one down ramp can also shorten the distance between the first power exchange box and the second power exchange box, and reduce the floor space of the power exchange station.
  • each vehicle-carrying platform is provided with a power exchange area for an electric vehicle to exchange power, and the electric vehicle can be parked in the power exchange area to perform power exchange operations.
  • the two electric vehicles are exchanged by two mutually independent first power exchange boxes and second power exchange boxes, and they do not interfere with each other during the power exchange process, so that the power exchange station can exchange power for two electric vehicles at the same time. feasibility.
  • Both the first multifunctional box and the second multifunctional box are arranged between the first power exchange box and the second power exchange box.
  • the first power exchange box and the second power exchange box can be fully utilized.
  • two power exchange boxes and two multifunctional boxes form a quasi-shaped power exchange station, which provides a new layout structure of the power exchange station, which greatly reduces the area of The construction cost of the power station;
  • the first power exchange box and the second power exchange box can share the first multifunctional box and the second multifunctional box, reducing the number of multifunctional boxes and reducing the occupation of the power exchange station.
  • the land area is further improved to further improve the feasibility of the power exchange station for two electric vehicles at the same time.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic top-view structural diagram of a power exchange station according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the power exchange station according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the power exchange box according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic top view of the structure of the battery transfer device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic top-view structural diagram of the charging compartment according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic top-view structural diagram of a power exchange device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic top-view structural diagram of the vehicle-carrying platform according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the power exchange station according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention during power exchange work.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic top-view structural diagram of a power exchange station according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic top-view structural diagram of a power exchange station according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic top-view structural diagram of a power exchange station according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the power exchange station according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic top-view structural diagram of a power exchange station according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic top-view structural diagram of a power exchange station according to Embodiment 6 of the present invention.
  • first power exchange box 11 second power exchange box 12 ; first multi-function box 21 ; second multi-function box 22 ; first box unit 221 ; second box unit 222 ; first vehicle platform 31; second vehicle platform 32; up ramp 33; down ramp 34; clip lane 35;
  • the invention provides a power exchange station, which is used for replacing the battery pack on the electric vehicle.
  • the battery swap station includes two battery swap boxes, two multi-function boxes and two vehicle platforms.
  • the battery swap boxes are used to store battery swap equipment 7 for battery swapping for electric vehicles and
  • the multifunctional box can be used for various purposes, such as serving as a monitoring room to monitor the entire battery swap process or as a charging room to charge the battery pack, etc.
  • the vehicle platform is used to park electric vehicles, electric vehicles Swap the battery on the vehicle platform.
  • the two power exchange boxes are divided into a first power exchange box body 11 and a second power exchange box body 12 , and the first power exchange box body 11 and the second power exchange box body 12 are parallel in the left-right direction They are arranged at intervals, the first power exchange box 11 is located on the left side, the second power exchange box body 12 is located on the right side, and the first power exchange box body 11 and the second power exchange box body 12 are respectively used for two electric vehicles. Change the power.
  • the first power exchange box 11 and the second power exchange box 12 in this embodiment are two power exchange boxes with the same size and arrangement direction, and the length, width and height directions of both are the same.
  • the two multi-function boxes are a first multi-function box 21 and a second multi-function box 22 respectively, and the first power exchange box 11 and the second power exchange box 12 are along the length direction ( A first multifunctional box 21 is connected between the upper ends in the up-down direction), and a second multifunctional box is connected between the lower ends of the first power exchange box 11 and the second power exchange box 12 along the length direction thereof. twenty two.
  • the left and right ends of the first multifunctional box body 21 and the second multifunctional box body 22 are respectively connected to the opposite surfaces of the first power exchange box body 11 and the second power exchange box body 12 , namely the first multifunctional box body 21 and the left end of the second multifunctional box 22 is connected to the right end of the first power exchange box 11 , and the right ends of the first multifunctional box 21 and the second multifunctional box 22 are connected to the left end of the second power exchange box 12 .
  • up, down, left and right involved in this embodiment are all based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings.
  • This embodiment provides a brand new internal layout structure of the power exchange station.
  • Two power exchange boxes and two multifunctional boxes form a quasi-shaped power exchange station.
  • the first power exchange box body 11 and the second power exchange box body 12 is the left and right sides of the "hui"
  • the first multi-function box 21 and the second multi-function box 22 are the upper and lower sides of the "hui”.
  • Both the first multi-function box 21 and the second multi-function box 22 are arranged between the first power exchange box 11 and the second power exchange box 12, on the one hand, the first power exchange box 11 and the second power exchange box can be fully utilized.
  • the space between the second power exchange boxes 12, the like-shaped power exchange station can greatly reduce the floor space of the power exchange power station and reduce the cost of building the power exchange power station.
  • the first power exchange box 11 and the second power exchange box 12 can share the first multi-function box 21 and the second multi-function box 22 , thereby reducing the number of multi-function boxes and reducing the footprint of the power exchange station. area, and improve the feasibility of the power exchange station for two electric vehicles at the same time.
  • the two vehicle platforms are a first vehicle platform 31 and a second vehicle platform 32, respectively, and a first vehicle platform is arranged through the middle of the first power exchange box 11 along its width direction. 31.
  • a second vehicle-carrying platform 32 is arranged through the middle of the second power exchange box 12 along its width direction.
  • the vehicle-carrying platform is used to connect the outside and the inside of the power exchange station, so that the electric vehicle can enter the power exchange station for power exchange. .
  • the first vehicle-carrying platform 31 and the second vehicle-carrying platform 32 communicate with each other, thereby forming a driving channel 4 inside the power exchange station.
  • the box body 21 is arranged on the upper side of the driving passage 4
  • the second multifunctional box body 22 is arranged on the lower side of the driving passage 4 .
  • the electric vehicle can drive into the power exchange station from the second vehicle-carrying platform 32 , and travel to the first vehicle-carrying platform 31 through the driving passage 4 for power exchange.
  • each vehicle-carrying platform is provided with a power exchange area for an electric vehicle to exchange power
  • the electric vehicle can be parked in the power exchange area to perform a power exchange operation. Therefore, in this implementation, two electric vehicles can be simultaneously powered by two corresponding vehicle platforms in the first power exchange box 11 and the second power exchange box 12 , thereby improving the overall power exchange efficiency of the power exchange station.
  • the two electric vehicles are respectively powered by two mutually independent first power exchange boxes 11 and second power exchange boxes 12. During the power exchange process, the power exchange operations of the two electric vehicles do not interfere with each other, so that It can improve the feasibility of the power exchange station to exchange power for two electric vehicles at the same time.
  • the power exchange box part located on the upper side of the first vehicle platform 31 is formed with a first functional area 51 , which is located on the lower side of the first vehicle platform 31 .
  • a second functional area 52 is formed on the part of the power exchange box.
  • the first functional area 51 is formed on the power exchange box part located on the upper side of the second vehicle platform 32
  • the power exchange box part located on the lower side of the second vehicle platform 32 is formed with a first functional area 51 .
  • the second functional area 52 The functional area in the power exchange box is used to realize various functions such as battery pack storage, charging, and storage of power exchange equipment.
  • the power exchange box parts on both sides of the two vehicle platforms constitute one function respectively. In this area, the battery can be disassembled and installed from both sides of the vehicle platform, thereby improving the power exchange efficiency of the electric vehicle.
  • the left and right ends of the first multi-function box 21 are communicated with the first functional area 51 of the first power exchange case 11 and the first functional area 51 of the second power exchange case 12 respectively, and the second The left and right ends of the functional box 22 are respectively communicated with the second functional area 52 of the first power exchange box 11 and the second functional area 52 of the second power exchange box 12 .
  • the first multi-function box 21 may only communicate with one of the first functional areas 51, and/or, the second multi-function box 22 may also only communicate with one of the second functional areas 52 are connected.
  • the first multi-function box 21 is set in communication with the two first functional areas 51 and the second multi-function box 22 is in communication with the two second functional areas 52, so that the first power exchange box 11 and the The two battery swap boxes 12 share the first multi-function box 21 and the second multi-function box 22 at the same time, thereby reducing the number and size of the multi-function boxes and reducing the floor space of the battery swap station.
  • the power exchange station also includes four battery transfer devices 6, which are two first battery transfer devices 61 and two second battery transfer devices 62 respectively.
  • the battery pack in the station is taken out and passed to the power exchange device 7, so that the power exchange device 7 can replace the new battery pack for the electric vehicle. Store in the swap station.
  • the two first battery transfer devices 61 are respectively arranged in the first functional area 51 of the first power exchange box 11 and in the first functional area 51 of the second power exchange box 12 , and the first battery transfer device 61 can be installed in the first power exchange box 11 .
  • a functional area 51 moves in the first functional area 51.
  • a first track 511 for the movement of the first battery transfer device 61 is provided in the first functional area 51. The first track 511 is used to guide the moving direction of the first battery transfer device 61 and restrict the first battery transfer device 61 The movement range of the battery transfer device 61 .
  • the two second battery transfer devices 62 are respectively disposed in the second functional area 52 of the first power exchange box 11 and in the second functional area 52 of the second power exchange box 12 , and the second battery transfer devices 62 can be installed in the first power exchange box 11 .
  • the second functional area 52 is provided with a second rail 521 for the movement of the second battery transfer device 62.
  • the second rail 521 is used to guide the moving direction of the second battery transfer device 62 and restrict the second battery transfer device 62 The range of movement of the battery transporter 62 .
  • the battery swapping devices 7 are respectively a first battery swapping device 71 and a second battery swapping device 72 , and the first functional area 51 is provided with a first battery swapping device for temporarily storing the first battery swapping device 71 .
  • a second temporary storage area 522 for temporarily storing the second power exchange device 72 is provided in the second functional area 52 .
  • the first power exchange device 71 in the first power exchange box 11 travels between the first vehicle platform 31 and the first temporary storage area 512
  • the second power exchange device 72 in the first power exchange box 11 travels back and forth between the first vehicle platform 31 and the first temporary storage area 512. Between the first vehicle platform 31 and the second temporary storage area 522 .
  • the first power exchange device 71 in the second power exchange box 12 travels between the second vehicle platform 32 and the first temporary storage area 512
  • the second power exchange device 72 in the second power exchange box 12 travels between the second power exchange box 12 and the first temporary storage area 512 .
  • the first temporary storage area 512 , the vehicle platform and the second temporary storage area 522 are provided with a power-swap track 8 for moving the power-swap device 7
  • the power-swap track 8 is used to guide the power-swap device 7's movement direction, and limit the movement range of the battery swapping device 7.
  • a temporary storage area for temporarily storing the battery-changing device 7 is correspondingly set in the functional area of the battery-changing box, so as to facilitate the storage of the battery-changing device 7 and enable the battery-changing device 7 to be stored between the corresponding functional area and the vehicle platform.
  • the travel distance is the best, which improves the disassembly and assembly efficiency of the battery pack.
  • the power exchange device 7 travels between the functional area and the vehicle platform, and is used to transport and install the fully charged battery pack in the functional area on the electric vehicle parked on the vehicle platform, and to replace the battery with insufficient power on the electric vehicle.
  • the bag is removed and transported to the Ribbon for charging.
  • the first functional area 51 and the second functional area 52 on the upper and lower sides of each vehicle platform are communicated through the vehicle platform, and the battery swap device 7 can transport the battery pack removed from the electric vehicle to any functional area and exchange the It is charged, and the battery pack in any functional area can also be taken out to provide it to the electric vehicle, which improves the flexibility of battery replacement.
  • Each power exchange box has two power exchange devices 7 to provide power exchange services for an electric vehicle, one power exchange device 7 is used to take out the battery pack on the electric vehicle, and the other power exchange device 7 is used to install it on the electric vehicle
  • the battery pack, taking out the battery pack on the electric vehicle and obtaining a new battery pack in the functional area can be carried out at the same time. Compared with only one battery replacement device 7, it saves the battery pack after the battery replacement device 7 takes out the battery pack. The time it takes to obtain a new battery pack after placing it in the functional area improves the overall power exchange efficiency of the power exchange station.
  • the power swap station further includes charging compartments 9 , which are respectively a first charging compartment 91 arranged in the first functional area 51 and a second charging compartment 92 arranged in the second functional area 52 .
  • the charging compartment 9 is used to place and charge the battery pack, and the battery swap device 7 transfers the battery pack removed from the electric vehicle into the charging compartment 9 to store and charge the battery pack.
  • the charged battery pack is transferred to the power exchange device 7 through the battery transfer device 6, and the power exchange device 7 transports the battery pack and installs it on the electric vehicle to provide power for the electric vehicle.
  • the first vehicle platform 31 and the second vehicle platform 32 both extend with an ascending ramp 33 and a descending ramp 34 along the in-and-out direction (left-right direction) of the electric vehicle.
  • the up ramp 33 and the down ramp 34 are used to guide the driving direction of the electric vehicle.
  • the power swap station guides the electric vehicle to drive to the power swap area on the vehicle platform through the up ramp 33, and guides the electric vehicle through the down ramp 34.
  • the car drives out of the battery swap area, so as to guide the driving path of the electric vehicle before and after the battery swap, so that the electric vehicle to be swapped can be accurately parked in the battery swap area on the vehicle platform.
  • the electric vehicle first drives to the power exchange area on the vehicle-carrying platform under the guidance of the up ramp 33, and then begins to exchange power. Electricity area and drive out of the swap station.
  • both the first vehicle carrying platform 31 and the second vehicle carrying platform 32 further include a clip lane 35 , the left end of the clip lane 35 is connected to the down ramp 34 , and the right end of the clip lane 35 is connected to the up ramp 33 connect.
  • the clip lane 35 is the power exchange area on the vehicle platform.
  • the electric vehicle is parked on the clip lane 35 for power exchange.
  • the clip lane 35 is used to limit the power exchange position of the electric vehicle to ensure that the power exchange device 7 can be normally disassembled and assembled on the electric vehicle. battery pack.
  • the electric vehicles of the first vehicle-carrying platform 31 and the second vehicle-carrying platform 32 drive in and out in the same direction. As shown by the arrows in FIG. 1 , the electric vehicles are driven from the second vehicle on the right side.
  • the platform 32 drives into the swap station, and drives away from the swap station from the first vehicle-carrying platform 31 on the left.
  • the first electric vehicle drives into the swap station under the guidance of the up ramp 33 of the second vehicle platform 32 on the right side, and drives through the up ramp 33 of the second vehicle platform 32, the first The clip lane 35 of the second vehicle platform 32 , the down ramp 34 of the second vehicle platform 32 , the driving channel 4 , and the up ramp 33 of the first vehicle platform 31 , and finally stop at the clip lane of the first vehicle platform 31 . 35, start to change the battery.
  • the second electric vehicle drives into the swap station under the guidance of the up ramp 33 of the second vehicle platform 32 on the right side, and stops at the second vehicle platform 32 after passing the up ramp 33 of the second vehicle platform 32 On the clip lane 35, start to change the battery.
  • the battery pack replacement process of the second electric vehicle is briefly described below, and the battery pack replacement process of the first electric vehicle is the same.
  • the second power exchange device 72 in the second power exchange box 12 is driven out of the second temporary storage area 522 and moved to the bottom of the second electric vehicle, and the battery pack is taken out from the second electric vehicle
  • the first power exchange device 71 in the second power exchange box 12 can obtain a fully charged battery pack suitable for the second electric vehicle in the first functional area 51 , and store it in the second power exchange device 72
  • the second battery swap device 72 places the battery pack taken out of the second electric vehicle into the second functional area 52 , and the battery pack is charged in the second functional area 52 for supplying other battery packs after charging is completed. Electric cars that need to be replaced.
  • the first electric vehicle drives away from the power exchange station along the down ramp 34 of the first vehicle platform 31, and the second electric vehicle needs to wait until the first electric vehicle leaves the power exchange station before leaving the power exchange station.
  • the second electric vehicle driving away from the swap station, it sequentially drives through the down ramp 34 of the second vehicle platform 32 , the driving channel 4 , the up ramp 33 of the first vehicle platform 31 , and the first vehicle platform 32 .
  • the power exchange station further includes a monitoring room 100 , and a monitoring device 101 is arranged in the monitoring room 100 .
  • the first multi-function box 21 is directly set as the monitoring room 100
  • the monitoring room 100 is used to monitor the entire power exchange process, so that the technicians can discover the problems in the power exchange process in time to avoid problems. Processing to improve the reliability of the power exchange at the power exchange station.
  • the second multi-function box 22 can also be directly set as the monitoring room 100 .
  • the swap station further includes a charger module (not shown in the figure), and the charger module is used to charge the battery pack.
  • the charger module can be arranged in any one of the first multi-function box 21 and the second multi-function box 22, so as to facilitate temperature control of the entire power exchange station and achieve better temperature control effect. If the multi-function box includes both the monitoring room 100 and the charger module, the monitoring room 100 and the charger module are preferably not arranged in the same multi-function box.
  • the structure of the power exchange station in this embodiment is basically the same as the structure of the power exchange station in Embodiment 1, and the difference is that the power exchange station further includes an exit channel 110 .
  • the second multi-function box 22 is provided with an exit channel 110 at the corresponding position of the downhill 34 of the second vehicle platform 32 located on the driving channel 4 .
  • the corresponding The location suffices for the electric vehicle to be able to drive away from the swap station from the down ramp 34 of the second vehicle-carrying platform 32 .
  • the drive-out channel 110 may also be provided through the first multi-function box 21 .
  • the drive-out channel 110 is not provided, since the electric vehicles of the first vehicle-carrying platform 31 and the second vehicle-carrying platform 32 drive in and out in the same direction in this embodiment, it means that the power exchange station has only one entrance and one exit.
  • the upper ramp of the second vehicle platform 32 is the entrance of the swap station, and the down ramp of the first vehicle platform 31 is the exit of the swap station. Only when the electric vehicle on the first vehicle platform 31 leaves the swap station , the electric vehicle on the second vehicle-carrying platform 32 can drive away from the power exchange station, thereby reducing the power exchange efficiency of the power exchange station.
  • the drive-out channel 110 can facilitate the electric vehicle on the second vehicle platform 32 to directly drive out of the battery station through the side exit channel 110 after battery swapping, without waiting for the completion of the battery swap of the electric vehicle on the first vehicle platform 31 And drive away, which shortens the waiting time after the electric vehicle on the second vehicle platform 32 is switched, improves the feasibility of exchanging power for two electric vehicles at the power exchange station at the same time, and improves the overall power exchange efficiency of the power exchange station.
  • the length dimension of the second multi-function box 22 is smaller than that of the first multi-function box 21 , and the second multi-function box 22 is only connected to the second functional area 52 of the first power exchange box 11 . Connected and communicated, the interval between the second multi-function box 22 and the second power exchange box 12 forms an outgoing channel 110, which has a simple structure and low cost.
  • the driving directions of the electric vehicles of the first vehicle loading platform 31 and the second vehicle loading platform 32 are the same, so only one driving-out channel 110 is provided to satisfy the requirement for the electric vehicles on the second vehicle loading platform 32 to drive away.
  • the swap station is all that is needed, and the electric vehicle on the first vehicle-carrying platform 31 can directly drive away from the swap station through the down ramp 34 of the first vehicle-carrying platform 31 .
  • the driving directions of the electric vehicles of the first vehicle platform 31 and the second vehicle platform 32 can also be set in opposite directions.
  • the swap station has two entrances for the electric vehicles to enter the swap station. , the left side of the first vehicle platform 31 and the second vehicle platform 32 should be the up ramp 33, and the right side should be the down ramp 34.
  • the electric vehicles on the first vehicle platform 31 and the second vehicle platform 32 are both It is necessary to leave the swap station through the exit passage 110 .
  • two electric vehicles can enter the power exchange station from the up ramp 33 of the first vehicle platform 31 and the up ramp 33 of the second vehicle platform 32 at the same time, saving each vehicle from queuing separately to enter the power exchange station.
  • the time of the power station is improved, and the overall power exchange efficiency of the power exchange station is improved.
  • the electric vehicle waiting for the power exchange outside the power exchange station can enter the vehicle platform from the entrance of the power exchange station, and there is no need to wait for the electric vehicle that has completed the power exchange to completely drive away from the exchange station.
  • the area where the power station is located further improves the power exchange efficiency of the power station.
  • the drive-out channel 110 is used as the exit of the swapping station, so that the electric vehicle can directly drive away from the swapping station without changing the driving direction, and can only leave the swapping station after reversing or turning around. Feasibility of car battery swap.
  • the number of the exit passages 110 may be one or two, and the two exit passages 110 are preferably arranged on the first multi-function box 21 and the second multi-function box 22 respectively, so as to realize The two electric vehicles can leave the power exchange station at the same time when the power exchange is completed, which improves the power exchange efficiency.
  • the structure of the power exchange station in this embodiment is basically the same as the structure of the power exchange station in Embodiment 2, the difference is that the second multifunctional box 22 is simultaneously connected to the second functional area 52 and the second function area of the first power exchange box 11 .
  • the second functional area 52 of the second battery swap box 12 is connected and communicated.
  • the second multifunctional box 22 is divided into a first box unit 221 and a second box unit 222 , and the second functional area 52 of the first power exchange box 11 and the first box unit 221 Connected and communicated, the second functional area 52 of the second power exchange box 12 is connected and communicated with the second box unit 222, the first box unit 221 and the second box unit 222 are arranged in parallel and spaced in the left-right direction, the first box unit 221 and the second box unit 222 The interval between the case unit 221 and the second case unit 222 forms the outgoing passage 110 .
  • the structure of the power exchange station in this embodiment is basically the same as the structure of the power exchange station in Embodiment 1, and the difference is that the monitoring room 100 is not formed by a multifunctional box.
  • the monitoring room 100 is independently arranged outside the first multi-function box 21 and the second multi-function box 22 , and the monitoring room 100 is arranged on the right side of the second power exchange box 12 and passes through the The second power exchange box 12 is connected to the first multi-function box 21 and the second multi-function box 22 .
  • the first multi-function box 21 is provided with a first charging compartment 91
  • the second multi-function box 22 is provided with a second charging compartment 92, so that the multi-function box is also It can be used as a box for accommodating battery packs and providing battery pack charging, so as to improve the battery pack capacity and battery pack charging efficiency of the swap station. Since the first multi-function box 21 communicates with the two first functional areas 51, and the second multi-function box 22 communicates with the two second functional areas 52, the first battery transport device 61 can be placed in the first multi-function box.
  • the battery is moved and transported between the body 21 and the first functional area 51, and the second battery transport device 62 can move and transport the battery between the second multi-functional box 22 and the second functional area 52, thereby improving the battery transport efficiency and changing the battery.
  • the overall power exchange efficiency of the power station is improved.
  • the first multi-function box 21 is also provided with a function for moving the first battery transport device 61 .
  • the first rail 511, the first rail 511 in the first multi-function box 21 is connected to the first rail 511 in the first functional area 51, and the second multi-function box 22 is also provided with a second battery transfer device 62
  • the moving second rail 521 , the second rail 521 in the second multi-function box 22 is connected with the second rail 521 in the second functional area 52 .
  • the structure of the power exchange station in this embodiment is basically the same as the structure of the power exchange station in Embodiment 1, the difference is that the power exchange station only includes one up ramp 33 and one down ramp 34 .
  • the first vehicle-carrying platform 31 and the second vehicle-carrying platform 32 are provided with an ascending ramp 33 and a descending ramp 34 in the direction of driving in and out of the electric vehicle.
  • the platform 120 communicates between the vehicle-carrying platforms 32 .
  • the first vehicle-carrying platform 31 and the second vehicle-carrying platform 32 share an up-slope 33 and a down-slope 34, which can reduce the uphill and downhill processes of the electric vehicle and make the electric vehicle travel more easily in the driving passage 4. smooth.
  • reducing one up ramp 33 and one down ramp 34 can also shorten the distance between the first power exchange box 11 and the second power exchange box 12, and reduce the floor space of the power exchange station.
  • the structure of the power exchange station in this embodiment is basically the same as that of the power exchange station in Embodiment 1, and the difference lies in the positional relationship between the power exchange box and the multifunctional box.
  • the upper and lower ends of the first power exchange box 11 and the second power exchange box 12 in this embodiment are connected to the first multifunctional box 21 and the second multifunctional box 22 respectively.
  • the upper ends of the power exchange box 11 and the second power exchange box 12 are connected to the lower end of the first multifunctional box 21
  • the lower ends of the first power exchange box 11 and the second power exchange box 12 are connected to the second multifunctional box.
  • the upper end of the body 22 is connected.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Arrangement Or Mounting Of Propulsion Units For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种换电站，换电站包括平行设置的第一换电箱体和第二换电箱体，第一换电箱体和第二换电箱体的长度方向的两个端部之间设有第一多功能箱体和第二多功能箱体，第一换电箱体和第二换电箱体沿宽度方向分别贯穿设置有第一载车平台和第二载车平台，第一载车平台和第二载车平台相通以形成行车通道，第一多功能箱体和第二多功能箱体分别位于行车通道的两侧，以形成类回字形换电站。本发明能够实现两辆电动汽车分别由两个相互独立的换电箱体同时进行换电，换电过程中彼此互不干涉，多功能箱体设置在两个换电箱体之间，便于两个换电箱体共用，减少了换电站整体占地面积，而且提高了换电站的整体换电效率。

Description

换电站
本申请要求申请日为2020/10/12的中国专利申请2020110869339的优先权。本申请引用上述中国专利申请的全文。
技术领域
本发明涉及电动汽车领域，特别涉及一种换电站。
背景技术
现有电动汽车的电池安装方式一般分为固定式和可换式，其中固定式的电池一般固定在汽车上，充电时直接以汽车作为充电对象。而可换式的电池一般采用活动安装的方式，电池可以随时取下，以进行更换或充电，在电池从电动汽车上取下后，安装已充满电的电池到电动汽车上即可获得供电，无需耗时等待充电完成。
现有可换式结构的电池安装设置在电动汽车的车身支架上，换电站通过穿梭车对载车平台上的电动汽车的可换式电池进行更换。
目前，在现有技术中，针对一个换电站而言，一般都是从提高一辆电动汽车的换电效率的角度来提高换电站的整体换电效率，也就是说，一个换电站同一时间只能为一辆电动汽车换电，导致换电站的整体换电效率较差；也有通过增加换电站数量或换电站内全套换电相关设备的数量来提高换电站的整体换电效率，但这种方式又会导致换电站占用面积大大增加，占用大量土地面积，增加建站成本。
公开号为CN109849861A的中国专利申请公开了一种换电站及其控制方法，该换电站包括：第一充电室和第二充电室；第一换电平台，第一换电平台位于第一充电室和第二充电室之间；第一穿梭车和第二穿梭车，二者分别往返于第一充电室、第二充电室和第一换电平台之间；以及控制单元，控制单元与第一穿梭车和第二穿梭车电连接，用于控制第一穿梭车和第二穿梭车进行如下操作：在对第一换电平台上的同一车辆进行操作时，若第一穿梭车执行拆卸电池和安装电池中的一个操作时，第二穿梭车执行拆卸电池和安装电池中的另一个操作。该换电站及其控制方法通过第一穿梭车和第二穿梭车的交替操作，缩短了车辆更换电池的等待时间，提高了换电站的电池更换效率。
然而，该专利申请公开的方案中，仅能够实现对第一换电平台上的车辆从两侧进行换电，而对位于第二换电平台上的车辆只能够从单侧进行换电，也就是说第二换电平台上的车辆的换电效率仍然较低；而且，两个换电平台之间的充电室为共用设计，这势必 导致同一时间只能够进行一个电池转运操作，也会大大降低换电效率。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是为了克服现有技术中换电站的整体换电效率低的缺陷，提供一种能够在提高换电站的整体换电效率的同时还能够降低成本、减少占地面积的换电站。
本发明是通过下述技术方案来解决上述技术问题：
一种换电站，用于对电动汽车上的电池包进行更换，所述换电站包括平行设置的第一换电箱体和第二换电箱体，所述第一换电箱体和所述第二换电箱体的长度方向的两个端部之间设有第一多功能箱体和第二多功能箱体，所述第一换电箱体和所述第二换电箱体沿宽度方向均贯穿设置有一载车平台，分别为第一载车平台和第二载车平台，所述第一载车平台和所述第二载车平台相通以形成行车通道，所述第一多功能箱体和所述第二多功能箱体分别位于所述行车通道的两侧，以形成类回字形换电站。在本方案中，每一个载车平台上均设置有供一辆电动汽车换电的换电区域，电动汽车可以停靠在该换电区域内进行换电操作。通过第一换电箱体和第二换电箱体中分别对应的两个载车平台，能够实现两辆电动汽车同时进行换电，从而提高换电站的整体换电效率。两辆电动汽车分别由两个相互独立的第一换电箱体和第二换电箱体对其进行换电，换电过程中彼此互不干涉，提高换电站同时为两辆电动汽车换电的可行性。第一多功能箱体和第二多功能箱体均设置在第一换电箱体和第二换电箱体之间，一方面能够充分利用第一换电箱体和第二换电箱体之间的空间，两个换电箱体和两个多功能箱体组成类回字形换电站，提供了一种全新的换电站内布局结构，大大减少了换电站的占地面积，降低了换电站的建站成本；另一方面第一换电箱体和第二换电箱体可以共用第一多功能箱体和第二多功能箱体，减少多功能箱体的数量，减少换电站的占地面积，进一步提高换电站同时为两辆电动汽车换电的可行性。
较佳地，所述第一载车平台和所述第二载车平台沿电动汽车驶入驶出方向均延伸有上坡道和下坡道。在本方案中，通过上坡道引导电动汽车行驶至载车平台上的换电区域，并通过下坡道引导电动汽车驶出换电区域，从而实现对电动汽车换电前后的行驶路径进行引导，便于待换电的电动汽车准确停放在载车平台上的换电区域内。
较佳地，所述第一载车平台和所述第二载车平台的电动汽车驶入驶出方向相一致，所述第一多功能箱体和所述第二多功能箱体中的任一个在与位于所述行车通道上的所述下坡道的对应位置上设有驶出通道，所述驶出通道用于供对应的所述载车平台上的电动 汽车驶出所述换电站。在本方案中，第一载车平台和第二载车平台的电动汽车驶入驶出方向相一致意味着换电站只有一个入口和一个出口，换电站的入口靠近位于电动汽车驶入方向后方的载车平台，换电站的出口靠近位于电动汽车驶入方向前方的载车平台，只有当前方载车平台上进行换电的电动汽车驶离换电站之后，在后方载车平台上进行换电的电动汽车才能驶离换电站。通过在第一多功能箱体或第二多功能箱体上设置驶出通道，便于后方的电动汽车在完成换电后可直接由侧面的驶出通道直接驶出换电站，无需等待前方的电动汽车换电完成并驶离，提高了换电站的整体换电效率。
较佳地，所述第一载车平台和所述第二载车平台的电动汽车驶入驶出方向相反设置，所述第一多功能箱体和所述第二多功能箱体中的至少一个在与位于所述行车通道上的所述下坡道的对应位置上设有驶出通道，所述驶出通道用于供对应的所述载车平台上的电动汽车驶出所述换电站。在本方案中，第一载车平台和第二载车平台的电动汽车驶入驶出方向相反意味着换电站具有两个入口，两个电动汽车可同时从换电站的两侧的两个入口驶入对应的载车平台上进行换电，并且在换电完成后由设置在第一多功能箱体或第二多功能箱体上的驶出通道驶离换电站，已换电完成的电动汽车驶离对应的载车平台后，其它等待换电的电动汽车即可驶入载车平台，无需等待换电完成的电动汽车完全驶离换电站所在区域，进一步提高了换电站的换电效率。另外，还可以在第一多功能箱体和第二多功能箱体上分别设置一个驶出通道，这样，更便于两个电动汽车同时换电完成时通过对应的驶出通道同时驶离换电站。
较佳地，在所述第一换电箱体和所述第二换电箱体中，位于所述第一载车平台和所述第二载车平台两侧的换电箱体部分分别构成第一功能区和第二功能区，所述第一多功能箱体至少与两端两个所述第一功能区中的一个相通，以供第一电池转运装置在所述第一多功能箱体和所述第一功能区之间移动，所述第二多功能箱体至少与两端两个所述第二功能区中的一个相通，以供第二电池转运装置在所述第二多功能箱体和所述第二功能区之间移动。在本方案中，两个载车平台的两侧的换电箱体部分分别构成一个功能区，使得电动汽车能够从载车平台的两侧进行电池拆卸与安装，从而提高电动汽车的换电效率；而且，将多功能箱体与对应的功能区连通，便于对应的电池转运装置在功能区与多动能箱体之间转运电池，以提高电池转运效率，从而实现提高换电站的整体换电效率。
较佳地，所述第一功能区和所述第二功能区分别设有暂存用于拆装电池包的换电设备的第一暂存区和第二暂存区；和/或，所述第一功能区和所述第二功能区分别设有用于放置电池包的第一充电仓和第二充电仓。在本方案中，换电设备往返于功能区和载车平台之间以实现对电动汽车进行电池拆卸或安装，在功能区内对应设置暂存区，便于换电 设备的存放，使换电设备的移动行程距离最佳，而且拆卸下来的电池包可以通过对应的充电仓进行存放与充电，提高了电池包拆装效率。换电设备将功能区中充满电的电池包运输并安装在停靠在载车平台上的电动汽车上，以及将电动汽车上电量不足的电池包取下并运输至功能区进行充电。充电仓用于放置电池包并对电池包进行充电，充电完成的电池包通过换电设备运输并安装在电动汽车上，为电动汽车提供动力。上述设置使换电设备可以将从电动汽车上取下的电池包运输至任意一个功能区并对其进行充电，也可以将任意一个功能区中的电池包取出以提供给电动汽车，提高了换电的灵活性。
较佳地，所述第一换电箱体设有往返于所述第一载车平台和所述第一暂存区的第一换电设备以及往返于所述第一载车平台和所述第二暂存区的第二换电设备；所述第二换电箱体设有往返于所述第二载车平台和所述第一暂存区的所述第一换电设备以及往返于所述第二载车平台和所述第二暂存区的所述第二换电设备。在本方案中，每个换电箱体有两个换电设备为一辆电动汽车提供换电服务，一个换电设备用于取出电动汽车上的电池包，另一个换电设备用于向电动汽车安装电池包，取出电动汽车上的电池包和获取功能区内的新的电池包可以同时进行，相较于只设置一个换电设备而言，节约了换电设备取出电池包后将电池包放置在功能区内，再取得新的电池包所耗费的时间，提高换电站的整体换电效率。
较佳地，在所述第一换电箱体中，位于所述第一载车平台两侧的换电箱体部分分别构成第一功能区和第二功能区；在所述第二换电箱体中，所述第二载车平台位于所述第二载车平台任一侧的换电箱体部分构成所述第一功能区，所述第一多功能箱体分别与两端的所述第一功能区相通，以供第一电池转运装置在所述第一多功能箱体和所述第一功能区之间移动，所述第二多功能箱体仅与一端的所述第二功能区相通，以供第二电池转运装置在所述第二多功能箱体和所述第二功能区之间移动，所述第二多功能箱体与所述第二换电箱体之间形成驶出通道。在本方案中，提供一种驶出通道的形成方式，驶出通道由第二换电箱体不与第二功能区连通一端和该侧的第二功能区之间的间隙形成，结构简单、成本低，此方式下，第二多功能箱体的长度尺寸小于第一多功能箱体的长度尺寸。
较佳地，所述换电站还包括监控室，所述第一多功能箱体和所述第二多功能箱体中的任一个被设置成所述监控室；或，所述监控室独立设置在所述第一多功能箱体和所述第二多功能箱体的外部，并与所述第一多功能箱体和所述第二多功能箱体连接；和/或，所述换电站还包括充电机模块，所述充电机模块设于所述第一多功能箱体和所述第二多功能箱体中的任一个内。在本方案中，监控室用于监控整个换电过程，便于技术人员及时发现换电过程中存在的问题以进行处理，提高换电站换电的可靠性。另外，将充电机 模块设置在多功能箱体内，便于对整个换电站进行温度控制，能够取得更好的温控效果。
较佳地，所述第一载车平台和所述第二载车平台沿电动汽车的驶入驶出方向共设有一上坡道和一下坡道，所述第一载车平台和所述第二载车平台之间通过平台连通。在本方案中，第一载车平台和第二载车平台共用一个上坡道和一个下坡道，能够减少电动汽车一个上坡和下坡的过程，使电动汽车在行车通道内的行驶更加平稳。而且减少一个上坡道和一个下坡道还能缩短第一换电箱体和第二换电箱体之间的距离，减少换电站的占地面积。
本发明的积极进步效果在于：每一个载车平台上均设置有供一辆电动汽车换电的换电区域，电动汽车可以停靠在该换电区域内进行换电操作。通过第一换电箱体和第二换电箱体中分别对应的两个载车平台，能够实现两辆电动汽车同时进行换电，从而提高换电站的整体换电效率。两辆电动汽车分别由两个相互独立的第一换电箱体和第二换电箱体对其进行换电，换电过程中彼此互不干涉，提高换电站同时为两辆电动汽车换电的可行性。第一多功能箱体和第二多功能箱体均设置在第一换电箱体和第二换电箱体之间，一方面能够充分利用第一换电箱体和第二换电箱体之间的空间，两个换电箱体和两个多功能箱体组成类回字形换电站，提供了一种全新的换电站内布局结构，大大减少了换电站的占地面积，降低了换电站的建站成本；另一方面第一换电箱体和第二换电箱体可以共用第一多功能箱体和第二多功能箱体，减少多功能箱体的数量，减少换电站的占地面积，进一步提高换电站同时为两辆电动汽车换电的可行性。
附图说明
图1为本发明实施例1的换电站的俯视结构示意图。
图2为本发明实施例1的换电站的内部结构示意图。
图3为本发明实施例1的换电箱体的内部结构示意图。
图4为本发明实施例1的电池转运装置的俯视结构示意图。
图5为本发明实施例1的充电仓的俯视结构示意图。
图6为本发明实施例1的换电设备的俯视结构示意图。
图7为本发明实施例1的载车平台的俯视结构示意图。
图8为本发明实施例1的换电站进行换电工作时的内部结构示意图。
图9为本发明实施例2的换电站的俯视结构示意图。
图10为本发明实施例3的换电站的俯视结构示意图。
图11为本发明实施例4的换电站的俯视结构示意图。
图12为本发明实施例4的换电站的内部结构示意图。
图13为本发明实施例5的换电站的俯视结构示意图。
图14为本发明实施例6的换电站的俯视结构示意图。
附图标记说明：第一换电箱体11；第二换电箱体12；第一多功能箱体21；第二多功能箱体22；第一箱体单元221；第二箱体单元222；第一载车平台31；第二载车平台32；上坡道33；下坡道34；夹车道35；行车通道4；第一功能区51；第一轨道511；第一暂存区512；第二功能区52；第二轨道521；第二暂存区522；电池转运装置6；第一电池转运装置61；第二电池转运装置62；换电设备7；第一换电设备71；第二换电设备72；换电轨道8；充电仓9；第一充电仓91；第二充电仓92；监控室100；监控设备101；驶出通道110；平台120。
具体实施方式
下面通过实施例的方式进一步说明本发明，但并不因此将本发明限制在所述的实施例范围之中。
实施例1
本发明提供一种换电站，用于对电动汽车上的电池包进行更换。如图1-2所示，换电站包括两个换电箱体、两个多功能箱体和两个载车平台，换电箱体用于存放给电动汽车进行换电的换电设备7以及容纳电池包并为电池包充电，多功能箱体可以实现多种用途，例如作为监控室以监控整个换电流程或作为充电室为电池包充电等，载车平台用于停靠电动汽车，电动汽车在载车平台上进行换电。
如图1所示，两个换电箱体分为第一换电箱体11和第二换电箱体12，第一换电箱体11和第二换电箱体12在左右方向上平行并间隔设置，第一换电箱体11位于左侧，第二换电箱体12位于右侧，第一换电箱体11和第二换电箱体12分别用于为两辆电动汽车进行换电。本实施例中的第一换电箱体11和第二换电箱体12为两个尺寸、布置方向均相同的换电箱体，两者的长度、宽度和高度方向均相同。
如图1所示，两个多功能箱体分别为第一多功能箱体21和第二多功能箱体22，第一换电箱体11和第二换电箱体12沿其长度方向(上下方向)的上端部之间连接有第一多功能箱体21，第一换电箱体11和第二换电箱体12沿其长度方向的下端部之间连接有第二多功能箱体22。第一多功能箱体21和第二多功能箱体22的左右两端分别连接在第一换电箱体11和第二换电箱体12相对的面上，即第一多功能箱体21和第二多功能箱体22的左端与第一换电箱体11的右端连接，第一多功能箱体21和第二多功能箱体22的右端 与第二换电箱体12的左端连接。其中，本实施例中涉及的上、下、左、右均是基于附图所示的方位或位置关系。
本实施例提供了一种全新的换电站内布局结构，两个换电箱体和两个多功能箱体组成了类回字形换电站，第一换电箱体11和第二换电箱体12为“回”的左右两边，第一多功能箱体21和第二多功能箱体22为“回”的上下两边。
第一多功能箱体21和第二多功能箱体22均设置在第一换电箱体11和第二换电箱体12之间，一方面能够充分利用第一换电箱体11和第二换电箱体12之间的空间，类回字形的换电站能够大大减少换电站的占地面积，降低换电站的建站成本。另一方面第一换电箱体11和第二换电箱体12可以共用第一多功能箱体21和第二多功能箱体22，减少多功能箱体的数量，减少换电站的占地面积，提高换电站同时为两辆电动汽车换电的可行性。
如图1-2所示，两个载车平台分别为第一载车平台31和第二载车平台32，第一换电箱体11的中部沿其宽度方向贯穿设置有第一载车平台31，第二换电箱体12的中部沿其宽度方向贯穿设置有第二载车平台32，载车平台用于连通换电站的外部和内部，以使电动汽车可以驶入换电站进行换电。第一载车平台31和第二载车平台32之间相通，从而在换电站的内部形成行车通道4，行车通道4为类回字形换电站中“回”的中间的小口，第一多功能箱体21设置在行车通道4的上侧，第二多功能箱体22设置在行车通道4的下侧。电动汽车可以从第二载车平台32驶入换电站，并经过行车通道4行驶至第一载车平台31进行换电。
由于每一个载车平台上均提供让一辆电动汽车换电的换电区域，电动汽车可以停靠在该换电区域内进行换电操作。因此本实施通过第一换电箱体11和第二换电箱体12中分别对应的两个载车平台来实现两辆电动汽车能够同时进行换电，从而提高换电站的整体换电效率。两辆电动汽车分别由两个相互独立的第一换电箱体11和第二换电箱体12对其进行换电，换电过程中，两辆电动汽车的换电操作互不干涉，从而能够提高换电站同时为两辆电动汽车换电的可行性。
如图2-3所示，在第一换电箱体11中，位于第一载车平台31上侧的换电箱体部分形成有第一功能区51，位于第一载车平台31下侧的换电箱体部分形成有第二功能区52。在第二换电箱体12中，位于第二载车平台32上侧的换电箱体部分形成有第一功能区51，位于第二载车平台32下侧的换电箱体部分形成有第二功能区52。换电箱体中的功能区用于实现电池包的存放、充电以及换电设备的存放等多种功能，本实施例将两个载车平台的两侧的换电箱体部分分别构成一个功能区，使得电动汽车能够从载车平台的两侧进 行电池拆卸与安装，从而提高电动汽车的换电效率。
本实施例中，第一多功能箱体21的左右两端分别与第一换电箱体11的第一功能区51和第二换电箱体12的第一功能区51相通，第二多功能箱体22的左右两端分别与第一换电箱体11的第二功能区52和第二换电箱体12的第二功能区52相通。在其他可替代的实施方式中，第一多功能箱体21也可以只和其中一个第一功能区51相通，和/或，第二多功能箱体22也可以只和其中一个第二功能区52相通。本实施例设置为第一多功能箱体21与两个第一功能区51相通以及第二多功能箱体22与两个第二功能区52相通，能够使第一换电箱体11和第二换电箱体12同时共用第一多功能箱体21和第二多功能箱体22，减少多功能箱体的数量和尺寸，减少换电站的占地面积。
如图2-4所示，换电站还包括四个电池转运装置6，分别为两个第一电池转运装置61和两个第二电池转运装置62，电池转运装置6用于将存放在换电站内的电池包取出传递给换电设备7，以使换电设备7为电动汽车更换新的电池包，电池转运装置6还能够获取换电设备7从电动汽车上取下的电池包并将其存入换电站。
两个第一电池转运装置61分别设置在第一换电箱体11的第一功能区51内和第二换电箱体12的第一功能区51内，第一电池转运装置61能够在第一功能区51内移动，第一功能区51内设置有用于第一电池转运装置61移动的第一轨道511，第一轨道511用于引导第一电池转运装置61的移动方向，并限制第一电池转运装置61的移动范围。
两个第二电池转运装置62分别设置在第一换电箱体11的第二功能区52内和第二换电箱体12的第二功能区52内，第二电池转运装置62能够在第二功能区52内移动，第二功能区52内设置有用于第二电池转运装置62移动的第二轨道521，第二轨道521用于引导第二电池转运装置62的移动方向，并限制第二电池转运装置62的移动范围。
如图2-3、6所示，换电设备7分别为第一换电设备71和第二换电设备72，第一功能区51内设置有用于暂存第一换电设备71的第一暂存区512，第二功能区52内设置有用于暂存第二换电设备72的第二暂存区522。第一换电箱体11内的第一换电设备71往返于第一载车平台31和第一暂存区512之间，第一换电箱体11内的第二换电设备72往返于第一载车平台31和第二暂存区522之间。第二换电箱体12内的第一换电设备71往返于第二载车平台32和第一暂存区512之间，第二换电箱体12内的第二换电设备72往返于第二载车平台32和第二暂存区522之间。如图2-3所示，第一暂存区512、载车平台和第二暂存区522内设置有用于换电设备7移动的换电轨道8，换电轨道8用于引导换电设备7的移动方向，并限制换电设备7的移动范围。
在换电箱体的功能区内对应设置用于暂存换电设备7的暂存区，便于换电设备7的 存放，并使得换电设备7在对应的功能区和载车平台之间的移动行程距离最佳，提高拆装电池包拆装效率。换电设备7往返于功能区和载车平台之间，用于将功能区中充满电的电池包运输并安装在停靠在载车平台上的电动汽车上，以及将电动汽车上电量不足的电池包取下并运输至功能区进行充电。
每个载车平台的上下两侧的第一功能区51和第二功能区52通过载车平台连通，换电设备7可以将从电动汽车上取下的电池包运输至任意一个功能区并对其进行充电，也可以将任意一个功能区中的电池包取出以提供给电动汽车，提高了换电的灵活性。
每个换电箱体有两个换电设备7为一辆电动汽车提供换电服务，一个换电设备7用于取出电动汽车上的电池包，另一个换电设备7用于向电动汽车安装电池包，取出电动汽车上的电池包和获取功能区内的新的电池包可以同时进行，相较于只设置一个换电设备7而言，节约了换电设备7取出电池包后将电池包放置在功能区内，再取得新的电池包所耗费的时间，提高换电站的整体换电效率。
如图2-3、5所示，换电站还包括充电仓9，分别为设置在第一功能区51内的第一充电仓91和设置在第二功能区52内的第二充电仓92，充电仓9用于放置电池包并对电池包进行充电，换电设备7将其从电动汽车上拆卸下来的电池包转存至充电仓9内对电池包进行存放与充电。充电完成的电池包通过电池转运装置6传递给换电设备7，换电设备7运输电池包并将其安装在电动汽车上，为电动汽车提供动力。
如图7所示，第一载车平台31和第二载车平台32沿电动汽车驶入驶出方向(左右方向)均延伸有上坡道33和下坡道34。上坡道33和下坡道34用于引导电动汽车的行驶方向，具体的，换电站通过上坡道33引导电动汽车行驶至载车平台上的换电区域，并通过下坡道34引导电动汽车驶出换电区域，从而实现对电动汽车换电前后的行驶路径进行引导，便于待换电的电动汽车准确停放在载车平台上的换电区域内。换电过程中，电动汽车先经上坡道33的引导行驶至载车平台上的换电区域后，开始进行换电，换电完成后，电动汽车再经下坡道34的引导驶离换电区域并驶出换电站。
如图2-3所示，第一载车平台31和第二载车平台32均还包括夹车道35，夹车道35的左端与下坡道34连接，夹车道35的右端与上坡道33连接。夹车道35为载车平台上的换电区域，电动汽车停靠在夹车道35上进行换电，夹车道35用于限制电动汽车的换电位置，保证换电设备7能够正常拆装电动汽车上的电池包。
本实施例中，第一载车平台31和第二载车平台32的电动汽车驶入驶出方向相一致，如图1中的箭头所示，电动汽车均是从右侧的第二载车平台32驶入换电站，并从左侧的第一载车平台31驶离换电站。
以下简述两辆电动汽车的换电流程：
如图2所示，第一辆电动汽车在右侧的第二载车平台32的上坡道33的引导下驶入换电站，依次驶过第二载车平台32的上坡道33、第二载车平台32的夹车道35、第二载车平台32的下坡道34、行车通道4和第一载车平台31的上坡道33，最终停靠在第一载车平台31的夹车道35上，开始进行换电。第二辆电动汽车在右侧的第二载车平台32的上坡道33的引导下驶入换电站，驶过第二载车平台32的上坡道33后停靠在第二载车平台32的夹车道35上，开始进行换电。
以下简述第二辆电动汽车的电池包更换流程，第一辆电动汽车的电池包更换流程与之相同。如图8所示，第二换电箱体12内的第二换电设备72驶出第二暂存区522并移动至第二辆电动汽车的底部，从第二辆电动汽车上取出电池包，与此同时，第二换电箱体12内的第一换电设备71可以在第一功能区51中获取适合第二辆电动汽车的充满电的电池包，并在第二换电设备72取下电池包并驶离电动汽车之后移动至第二辆电动汽车的底部，将充满电的电池包安装在电动汽车上，之后再驶回第一暂存区512。第二换电设备72将从第二辆电动汽车中取出的电池包放置再第二功能区52内，该电池包在第二功能区52内进行充电，以用于在充电完成后提供给其他需要换电的电动汽车。
换电完成后，第一辆电动汽车沿第一载车平台31的下坡道34驶离换电站，第二辆电动汽车需要等到第一辆电动汽车驶离换电站之后，才能驶离换电站，第二辆电动汽车驶离换电站的过程中，依次驶过第二载车平台32的下坡道34、行车通道4、第一载车平台31的上坡道33、第一载车平台31的夹车道35和第一载车平台31的下坡道34。
换电站还包括监控室100，监控室100内设置由监控设备101。如图2所示，本实施例中是直接将第一多功能箱体21设置成监控室100，监控室100用于监控整个换电过程，便于技术人员及时发现换电过程中存在的问题以进行处理，提高换电站换电的可靠性。在其他可替代的实施方式中，也可以直接将第二多功能箱体22设置成监控室100。
优选的，换电站还包括充电机模块(图中未示出)，充电机模块用于对电池包进行充电。充电机模块可以设于第一多功能箱体21和第二多功能箱体22中的任一个内，以便于对整个换电站进行温度控制，能够取得更好的温控效果。如果多功能箱体同时包括监控室100和充电机模块，监控室100和充电机模块优选不设置在同一个多功能箱体内。
实施例2
本实施例中的换电站的结构与实施例1中的换电站结构基本相同，其不同之处在于换电站还包括驶出通道110。
如图9所示，第二多功能箱体22在于位于行车通道4上的第二载车平台32的下坡 道34的对应位置上设置有驶出通道110，本实施例中所指的对应位置满足电动汽车能够从第二载车平台32的下坡道34驶离换电站即可。在其他可替代的实施方式中，驶出通道110也可以贯穿设置于第一多功能箱体21上。
若不设置驶出通道110，由于本实施例中第一载车平台31和第二载车平台32的电动汽车驶入驶出方向相一致，因此意味着换电站只有一个入口和一个出口，第二载车平台32的上坡道处为换电站的入口，第一载车平台31的下坡道处为换电站的出口，只有当第一载车平台31上的电动汽车驶离换电站后，第二载车平台32上的电动汽车才能驶离换电站，从而降低了换电站的换电效率。
而驶出通道110可以便于第二载车平台32上的电动汽车换电后可直接由侧面的驶出通道110直接驶出换电站，无需等待第一载车平台31上的电动汽车换电完成并驶离，缩短了位于第二载车平台32上电动汽车换电结束后的等待时间，提高换电站同时为两辆电动汽车换电的可行性，并提高了换电站的整体换电效率。
本实施例中，第二多功能箱体22的长度尺寸小于第一多功能箱体21的长度尺寸，且第二多功能箱体22仅与第一换电箱体11的第二功能区52连接并连通，第二多功能箱体22与第二换电箱体12之间的间隔形成驶出通道110，结构简单，成本低。
也因为本实施例中第一载车平台31和第二载车平台32的电动汽车驶入驶出方向相一致，因此只设置一个驶出通道110满足第二载车平台32上电动汽车驶离换电站即可，第一载车平台31上电动汽车可以直接通过第一载车平台31的下坡道34驶离换电站。
在其他可替代的实施方式中，第一载车平台31和第二载车平台32的电动汽车驶入驶出方向也可以相反设置，此时换电站具有两个供电动汽车进入换电站的入口，第一载车平台31和第二载车平台32的左侧应该为上坡道33，右侧为下坡道34，第一载车平台31和第二载车平台32上的电动汽车都需要通过驶出通道110驶离换电站。该实施例下，两辆电动汽车可以同时分别从第一载车平台31的上坡道33和第二载车平台32的上坡道33进入换电站换电，节约每辆汽车单独排队进入换电站的时间，提高换电站的整体换电效率。而且换电完成的电动汽车驶离对应的载车平台后，换电站外等候换电的电动汽车就可以从换电站的入口驶入载车平台，无需等待换电完成的电动汽车完全驶离换电站所在区域，进一步提高了换电站的换电效率。驶出通道110作为换电站的出口可以使电动汽车在不改变行驶方向的情况下直接驶离换电站，而不用进行倒车或掉头等操作之后才能驶离换电站，提高换电站同时为两辆电动汽车换电的可行性。此种状态下，驶出通道110的数量可以为一个也可以为两个，两个驶出通道110优选分别设置在第一多功能箱体21和第二多功能箱体22上，从而能够实现两辆电动汽车换电完成时能够同时驶离换电 站，提高换电效率。
实施例3
本实施例中的换电站的结构与实施例2中的换电站结构基本相同，其不同之处在于第二多功能箱体22同时与第一换电箱体11的第二功能区52和第二换电箱体12的第二功能区52连接并连通。
如图10所示，第二多功能箱体22被分为第一箱体单元221和第二箱体单元222，第一换电箱体11的第二功能区52与第一箱体单元221连接并连通，第二换电箱体12的第二功能区52与第二箱体单元222连接并连通，第一箱体单元221和第二箱体单元222沿左右方向平行间隔设置，第一箱体单元221和第二箱体单元222之间的间隔形成驶出通道110。
实施例4
本实施例中的换电站的结构与实施例1中的换电站结构基本相同，其不同之处在于监控室100不是由多功能箱体设置而成的。
如图11-12所示，监控室100独立设置在第一多功能箱体21和第二多功能箱体22的外部，监控室100设置在第二换电箱体12的右侧，并通过第二换电箱体12与第一多功能箱体21和第二多功能箱体22连接。
如图12所示，本实施例中的第一多功能箱体21内设置有第一充电仓91，第二多功能箱体22内设置有第二充电仓92，从而使多功能箱体也可以作为用于容纳电池包并提供电池包充电的箱体，提高换电站的电池包容纳量和电池包的充电效率。由于第一多功能箱体21与两个第一功能区51相通，且第二多功能箱体22与两个第二功能区52相通，因此第一电池转运装置61能够在第一多功能箱体21和第一功能区51之间移动并转运电池，第二电池转运装置62能够在第二多功能箱体22和第二功能区52之间移动并转运电池，从而提高电池转运效率以及换电站的整体换电效率。
为了方便第一电池转运装置61和第二电池转运装置62在对应的多功能箱体和功能区之间的移动，第一多功能箱体21内也设置有用于第一电池转运装置61移动的第一轨道511，第一多功能箱体21内的第一轨道511与第一功能区51内的第一轨道511连接，第二多功能箱体22内也设置有用于第二电池转运装置62移动的第二轨道521，第二多功能箱体22内的第二轨道521与第二功能区52内的第二轨道521连接。
实施例5
本实施例中的换电站的结构与实施例1中的换电站结构基本相同，其不同之处在于换电站只包括一个上坡道33和一个下坡道34。
如图13所示，第一载车平台31和第二载车平台32沿电动汽车的驶入驶出方向共设有一上坡道33和一下坡道34，第一载车平台31和第二载车平台32之间通过平台120连通。第一载车平台31和第二载车平台32共用一个上坡道33和一个下坡道34，能够减少电动汽车一个上坡和下坡的过程，使电动汽车在行车通道4内的行驶更加平稳。而且减少一个上坡道33和一个下坡道34还能缩短第一换电箱体11和第二换电箱体12之间的距离，减少换电站的占地面积。
实施例6
本实施例中的换电站的结构与实施例1中的换电站结构基本相同，其不同之处在于换电箱体和多功能箱体之间的位置关系。
如图14所示，本实施例中的第一换电箱体11和第二换电箱体12的上下两端分别连接第一多功能箱体21和第二多功能箱体22，第一换电箱体11和第二换电箱体12的上端与第一多功能箱体21的下端连接，第一换电箱体11和第二换电箱体12的下端与第二多功能箱体22的上端连接。
在本发明的描述中，需要理解的是，术语“上”、“下”、“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“顶”、“底”、“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本发明的限制，除非文中另有说明。
虽然以上描述了本发明的具体实施方式，但是本领域的技术人员应当理解，这仅是举例说明，本发明的保护范围是由所附权利要求书限定的。本领域的技术人员在不背离本发明的原理和实质的前提下，可以对这些实施方式做出多种变更或修改，但这些变更和修改均落入本发明的保护范围。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种换电站，用于对电动汽车上的电池包进行更换，其特征在于，所述换电站包括平行设置的第一换电箱体和第二换电箱体，所述第一换电箱体和所述第二换电箱体的长度方向的两个端部之间设有第一多功能箱体和第二多功能箱体，所述第一换电箱体和所述第二换电箱体沿宽度方向均贯穿设置有一载车平台，分别为第一载车平台和第二载车平台，所述第一载车平台和所述第二载车平台相通以形成行车通道，所述第一多功能箱体和所述第二多功能箱体分别位于所述行车通道的两侧，以形成类回字形换电站。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的换电站，其特征在于，所述第一载车平台和所述第二载车平台沿电动汽车驶入驶出方向均延伸有上坡道和下坡道。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的换电站，其特征在于，所述第一载车平台和所述第二载车平台的电动汽车驶入驶出方向相一致，所述第一多功能箱体和所述第二多功能箱体中的任一个在与位于所述行车通道上的所述下坡道的对应位置上设有驶出通道，所述驶出通道用于供对应的所述载车平台上的电动汽车驶出所述换电站。
  4. 如权利要求2所述的换电站，其特征在于，所述第一载车平台和所述第二载车平台的电动汽车驶入驶出方向相反设置，所述第一多功能箱体和所述第二多功能箱体中的至少一个在与位于所述行车通道上的所述下坡道的对应位置上设有驶出通道，所述驶出通道用于供对应的所述载车平台上的电动汽车驶出所述换电站。
  5. 如权利要求1-4中至少一项所述的换电站，其特征在于，在所述第一换电箱体和所述第二换电箱体中，位于所述第一载车平台和所述第二载车平台两侧的换电箱体部分分别构成第一功能区和第二功能区，所述第一多功能箱体至少与两端两个所述第一功能区中的一个相通，以供第一电池转运装置在所述第一多功能箱体和所述第一功能区之间移动，所述第二多功能箱体至少与两端两个所述第二功能区中的一个相通，以供第二电池转运装置在所述第二多功能箱体和所述第二功能区之间移动。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的换电站，其特征在于，所述第一功能区和所述第二功能区分别设有暂存用于拆装电池包的换电设备的第一暂存区和第二暂存区；
    和/或，所述第一功能区和所述第二功能区分别设有用于放置电池包的第一充电仓和第二充电仓。
  7. 如权利要求6所述的换电站，其特征在于，所述第一换电箱体设有往返于所述第一载车平台和所述第一暂存区的第一换电设备以及往返于所述第一载车平台和所述第二暂存区的第二换电设备；所述第二换电箱体设有往返于所述第二载车平台和所述第一暂存 区的所述第一换电设备以及往返于所述第二载车平台和所述第二暂存区的所述第二换电设备。
  8. 如权利要求1-4中至少一项所述的换电站，其特征在于，在所述第一换电箱体中，位于所述第一载车平台两侧的换电箱体部分分别构成第一功能区和第二功能区；在所述第二换电箱体中，所述第二载车平台位于所述第二载车平台任一侧的换电箱体部分构成所述第一功能区，所述第一多功能箱体分别与两端的所述第一功能区相通，以供第一电池转运装置在所述第一多功能箱体和所述第一功能区之间移动，所述第二多功能箱体仅与一端的所述第二功能区相通，以供第二电池转运装置在所述第二多功能箱体和所述第二功能区之间移动，所述第二多功能箱体与所述第二换电箱体之间形成驶出通道。
  9. 如权利要求1-8中至少一项所述的换电站，其特征在于，所述换电站还包括监控室，所述第一多功能箱体和所述第二多功能箱体中的任一个被设置成所述监控室；或，所述监控室独立设置在所述第一多功能箱体和所述第二多功能箱体的外部，并与所述第一多功能箱体和所述第二多功能箱体连接；
    和/或，所述换电站还包括充电机模块，所述充电机模块设于所述第一多功能箱体和所述第二多功能箱体中的任一个内。
  10. 如权利要求1-8中至少一项所述的换电站，其特征在于，所述第一载车平台和所述第二载车平台沿电动汽车的驶入驶出方向共设有一上坡道和一下坡道，所述第一载车平台和所述第二载车平台之间通过平台连通。
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