WO2022077770A1 - 3d打印机 - Google Patents

3d打印机 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022077770A1
WO2022077770A1 PCT/CN2020/139986 CN2020139986W WO2022077770A1 WO 2022077770 A1 WO2022077770 A1 WO 2022077770A1 CN 2020139986 W CN2020139986 W CN 2020139986W WO 2022077770 A1 WO2022077770 A1 WO 2022077770A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
slide rail
guide rail
nozzle
plane
shower head
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2020/139986
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
刘辉林
唐京科
陈春
敖丹军
严罗林
刘志拱
Original Assignee
深圳市创想三维科技有限公司
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Application filed by 深圳市创想三维科技有限公司 filed Critical 深圳市创想三维科技有限公司
Publication of WO2022077770A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022077770A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
    • B29C64/106—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B29C64/227—Driving means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of 3D printing, in particular to a 3D printer.
  • 3D printing is a kind of rapid prototyping technology, which is a technology that constructs objects by layer-by-layer printing based on digital model files, using adhesive materials such as powdered metal or plastic.
  • 3D printing is usually achieved using digital technology material printers, which are generally referred to as 3D printers, and 3D printing technology is used in jewelry, footwear, industrial design, architecture, engineering and construction (AEC), automotive, aerospace, dental and There are applications in the medical industry, education, geographic information systems, civil engineering, firearms, and more.
  • the X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis of traditional 3D printers are usually set perpendicular to each other, that is, they are spatially represented as a standard spatial Cartesian coordinate system, which results in a limited range of 3D printer applications and low printing accuracy.
  • the present invention provides a 3D printer, aiming at solving the problems of limited application range and low printing precision of the existing 3D printer.
  • the present invention provides a 3D printer, which includes a forming platform located in the XY plane, the forming platform can move along the Y-axis direction in the XY plane; an inclined plane moving module is arranged on the forming The upper part of the platform is located in the preset XZ1 plane, wherein the preset XZ1 plane is inclined with respect to the XZ plane at a preset angle ⁇ , and the preset angle ⁇ >0;
  • the inclined plane moving module is used for working on the forming platform.
  • the inclined plane moving module includes: at least one lifting slide rail, the lifting slide rail is inclined relative to the forming platform along the Z1 axis direction; a horizontal slide rail is movably installed on the lifting slide rail
  • the first driving component is drivingly connected with the horizontal slide rail and the nozzle device, so that the horizontal slide rail can move along the lifting slide rail along the X-axis direction.
  • the lift or the lift slide rail moves along the horizontal slide rail, and the spray head device moves along the horizontal slide rail or the lift slide rail.
  • the shower head device includes: a shower head connecting base plate, which is movably mounted on the horizontal slide rail and is driven by the first driving component to move along the horizontal slide rail; the shower head moves the base plate, which is connected with the shower head
  • the substrates are arranged opposite to each other; the nozzle is installed at the end of the nozzle moving substrate close to the forming platform; the second driving component is connected to the nozzle connecting substrate and the nozzle moving substrate, and is used for driving the nozzle to move the substrate
  • the nozzle is driven to move relative to the nozzle connecting substrate, so as to perform linear movement in a predetermined direction toward the forming platform.
  • the second drive assembly includes: a guide rail assembly, a lead screw and a motor; the guide rail assembly is disposed on the shower head connecting substrate or the shower head moving substrate, and is located between the shower head connecting substrate and the shower head moving substrate between the substrates; the driving member is connected with the nozzle moving substrate through the lead screw, and is used to drive the nozzle moving substrate to move along the track direction of the guide rail assembly to drive the nozzle toward the forming platform Make a linear movement.
  • the guide rail assembly is arranged along a direction perpendicular to the XZ1 plane, and the track direction is a direction perpendicular to the XZ1 plane.
  • the shower head device further includes: a third driving component, the third driving component is connected with the shower head connecting substrate, and is used for driving the shower head connecting substrate to rotate relative to the horizontal slide rail to adjust the track The angle between the direction and the XZ1 plane.
  • the guide rail assembly includes a first guide rail assembly and a second guide rail assembly
  • the first guide rail assembly includes a first linear guide rail and a first slider
  • the second guide rail assembly includes a second linear guide rail and a second guide rail.
  • a slider; the first slider is fixedly arranged on the nozzle connecting base, one side of the first linear guide is fixedly connected with the nozzle moving substrate, and the other side is movably arranged on the first slider
  • the second sliding block is fixedly arranged on the shower head connecting substrate, one side of the second linear guide rail is fixedly connected with the shower head moving substrate, and the other side is movably arranged on the second sliding block.
  • the inclined plane moving module comprises two lifting slide rails, the two lifting slide rails are arranged in parallel, and the two ends of the horizontal slide rail are respectively fixedly connected with the two lifting slide rails.
  • the first driving assembly includes a first driving member and a second driving member, the first driving member is used to drive the horizontal slide rail to rise and fall along the lifting slide rail, and the second driving member is used for for driving the shower head to connect the substrate to move along the horizontal slide rail.
  • the spray head device further includes a sliding assembly, the sliding assembly includes a plurality of pulleys, the pulleys are arranged on the spray head connecting base plate through a fastening assembly, and each pulley is engaged with the horizontal sliding rail so that the shower head connecting substrate is movably mounted on the horizontal slide rail.
  • the nozzle device is movably arranged on the inclined plane moving module, and the inclined plane moving module is inclined relative to the forming platform, so that the nozzle device is inclined relative to the forming platform and can be adjusted movably to achieve a variety of different
  • the change of the position realizes the flexible adjustment of the nozzle position in the 3D printer, thereby greatly improving the application range and printing accuracy of the 3D printer.
  • the 3D printer of the invention is simple in structure and low in cost, and can be widely used in the field of 3D printers.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the front structure of a 3D printer provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a back structure of a 3D printer provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 3 is the space Cartesian coordinate system of the 3D printer provided by the embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a front structure of a nozzle device in a 3D printer provided by an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a rear structure of a nozzle device in a 3D printer provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Reference numerals 1. Forming platform; 2. Inclined surface moving module; 3. Nozzle device; 4. Lifting slide rail; 5. Horizontal slide rail; 6. First drive assembly; Base plate; 9. Nozzle; 10. Second drive assembly; 11. Lead screw; 12. Motor; 13. First linear guide rail; 14. First sliding block; 15. Second linear guide rail; ; 17. Pulleys; 18. Fastening components.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic view of the front structure of the 3D printer provided by the present invention
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic view of the back structure of the 3D printer provided by the present invention.
  • a specific embodiment of the 3D printer of the present invention will be described below by referring to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 in conjunction with the space rectangular coordinate system shown in FIG. 3 .
  • the 3D printer includes a forming platform 1, an inclined plane moving module 2 and a nozzle device 3, wherein the forming platform 1 is located in the XY plane, and the forming platform 1 can be located in the XY plane along the Y axis direction movement;
  • the inclined plane moving module 2 is arranged above the forming platform 1, and is located in a preset XZ1 plane, wherein the preset XZ1 plane is inclined with a preset angle ⁇ relative to the XZ plane, and the The preset angle ⁇ >0;
  • the nozzle device 3 is movably installed on the inclined plane moving module 2 for working on the forming platform 1 .
  • the forming platform 1 is used to complete the model forming, which is usually a belt mechanism composed of a belt and a belt transmission mechanism.
  • the belt driven by the belt transmission mechanism can move back and forth along the Y-axis direction, and the inclined plane moving module 2 is set Above the forming platform 1 and fixedly connected with the frame of the forming platform 1 .
  • FIG. 3 is a space rectangular coordinate system, wherein XYZ is a standard space rectangular coordinate system, and XYZ1 is a space rectangular coordinate system formed by the 3D printer in this embodiment, wherein Z1 and Z form a space between A certain included angle ⁇ , the included angle ⁇ can be any angle greater than 0, and the inclined plane moving module 2 is arranged in the XZ1 plane.
  • the nozzle device 3 is movably arranged on the inclined plane moving module 2 , which is mainly used to form infinite printing along the Y-axis direction on the forming platform 1 .
  • the 3D printer in this embodiment tilts the XZ1 plane and the XZ plane where the inclined plane moving module 2 is located, and makes the nozzle device 3 movably set on the inclined plane moving module 2.
  • the multi-angle flexible adjustment of the nozzle position can be realized, thereby greatly improving the application range and printing accuracy of the 3D printer.
  • the inclined plane moving module 2 includes: at least one lifting slide rail 4, the lifting slide rail 4 is inclined relative to the forming platform 1 along the Z1 axis direction; the horizontal slide rail 5, It is movably installed on the lifting slide rail 4, and is arranged above the forming platform 1 along the X-axis direction; the first driving component 6 is drivingly connected with the horizontal slide rail 5 and the nozzle device 3, In order to make the horizontal slide rail 5 ascend and descend along the lift slide rail 4 , the nozzle device 3 moves along the horizontal slide rail 5 .
  • the lifting slide rail 4 is the Z1 axis, which is fixedly connected with the forming platform 1.
  • the number of the lifting slide rails 4 can be set according to actual needs.
  • two lifting slide rails 4 can be set, which are respectively set on the forming platform 1. both ends of .
  • the horizontal slide rail 5 is movably installed on the lift slide rail 4 and can be arranged above the forming platform 1 along the X-axis direction, so as to provide a moving track for the nozzle device 3 .
  • the first driving assembly 6 is drivingly connected with the horizontal slide rail 5 and the spray head device 3 , and can drive the spray head device 3 to move along the horizontal slide rail 5 and drive the horizontal slide rail 5 to rise and fall along the lift slide rail 4 .
  • the horizontal slide rail 5 can move along the lifting slide rail 4 at the same time, and the position of the Z1 axis and the distance of the Y axis can be changed at the same time.
  • the slide rail 5 moves, thereby realizing 3D printing.
  • the spray head device 3 includes: a spray head connection base plate 7 movably mounted on the horizontal slide rail 5 and driven by the first driving component 6 to move along the As the horizontal slide rail 5 moves, the nozzle moving substrate 8 is arranged opposite to the nozzle connecting substrate 7; the nozzle 9 is installed on the end of the nozzle moving substrate 8 close to the forming platform 1; the second drive Assembly 10 , connecting the shower head connecting substrate 7 and the shower head moving substrate 8 , for driving the shower head moving substrate 8 to drive the nozzles 9 to move relative to the shower head connecting substrate 7 to move toward the forming platform 1 Linear movement in a preset direction.
  • the nozzle connection base plate 7 is used as the basic component for connecting the nozzle device 3 and the horizontal slide rail 5 . It not only plays a connecting role, but also can move along the horizontal slide rail 5 to drive the nozzle 9 to move along the horizontal slide rail 5 . .
  • the nozzle moving substrate 8 is arranged opposite to the nozzle connecting substrate 7 and can move relative to the nozzle connecting substrate 7.
  • the nozzle 9 is arranged on the end of the nozzle moving substrate 8 near the molding platform 1, which is convenient for operation.
  • the second drive assembly 10 is located between the nozzle connecting substrate 7 and the nozzle moving substrate 8, and is used to drive the nozzle moving substrate 8 to drive the nozzle 9 to move relative to the nozzle connecting substrate 7, so as to perform linear movement in a preset direction toward the forming platform 1.
  • the preset direction may form a certain angle with the XZ1 plane, and the included angle is any angle greater than 0.
  • the second driving assembly 10 includes: a guide rail assembly, a lead screw 11 and a motor 12; the guide rail assembly is disposed on the shower head connecting substrate 7 or the shower head moving substrate 8, and is located at the between the shower head connecting substrate 7 and the shower head moving substrate 8; the motor 12 is connected to the shower head moving substrate 8 through the lead screw 11 for driving the shower head moving substrate 8 along the guide rail assembly It moves in the direction of the track to drive the nozzle 9 to move linearly toward the forming platform 1 .
  • the forming platform 11 in this example is generally a belt mechanism composed of a belt and a belt transmission mechanism.
  • the plane where the belt mechanism is located is the XY plane, and the belt driven by the belt transmission mechanism can go back and forth along the Y-axis direction shown in FIG. 3 . move, and the Z1 axis is not perpendicular to the XY plane, but has a certain inclination angle.
  • the guide rail assembly forms a certain angle with the XZ1 plane, and the guide rail assembly and the XZ1 plane are perpendicular to each other as an example for illustration.
  • the motor 12 drives the nozzle moving base plate 8 to move along the track direction of the guide rail assembly through the lead screw 11, and then drives the nozzle 9 to move along the direction of the guide rail assembly, and the guide rail assembly is perpendicular to the XZ1 plane. Therefore, the nozzle 9 can move in a direction perpendicular to the XZ1 plane.
  • the belt of the forming platform 1 can be used as a platform for placing the 3D model, and the movement of the nozzle 9 along the track of the guide rail assembly (for example, its movement direction can be defined as the newly added Y1 axis direction) replaces the belt movement to complete 3D printing.
  • the lead screw 11 is a high-precision part, when printing small models in this way, the printing accuracy will be significantly improved, and when printing large models, the large model can also be divided into several small models, that is, when printing each small model
  • the belt does not move as a forming platform, but is 3D printed by the X axis, Z1 axis and the newly added Y1 axis.
  • the belt moves to the position of the next small model to be printed, and then continues to print. , and finally complete the printing of the large model, so that the printing accuracy can also be improved when printing the large model.
  • the guide rail assembly is disposed along a direction perpendicular to the XZ1 plane, and the track direction is a direction perpendicular to the XZ1 plane.
  • the guide rail assembly is set along the direction perpendicular to the XZ1 plane to fix the track direction to the direction perpendicular to the XZ1 plane, and the second drive assembly 10 drives the nozzle 9 to move perpendicular to the XZ1 plane, thereby forming a new Z axis.
  • the nozzle can be moved perpendicular to XZ1 under the driving of the motor, so that the printing model can be printed in detail to a certain extent, and finally the printing accuracy in the Z-axis direction can be improved.
  • the shower head device 3 further includes: a third driving component, the third driving component is connected to the shower head connecting substrate 7 and is used to drive the shower head connecting substrate 7 relative to the horizontal slide rail 5 Turn to adjust the angle between the track direction and the XZ1 plane.
  • the third driving component can be a motor 12 or other driving devices
  • the nozzle connecting substrate 7 can be clamped on the horizontal slide rail 5 through a circular ring
  • the horizontal slide rail 5 is arranged in a cylindrical shape, so that the third driving component can pass through the third driving component.
  • the nozzle connecting substrate 7 can be clamped on the horizontal slide rail 5 for fixing.
  • the guide rail assembly includes a first guide rail assembly and a second guide rail assembly
  • the first guide rail assembly includes a first linear guide rail 13 and a first slider 14
  • the second guide rail assembly includes a second guide rail assembly.
  • Linear guide rail 15 and second sliding block 16
  • the first sliding block 14 is fixedly arranged on the spray head connecting base plate 7, one side of the first linear guide rail 13 is fixedly connected with the spray head moving base plate 8, and the other side
  • One side is movably arranged on the first slider 14
  • the second slider 16 is fixedly arranged on the shower head connecting substrate 7
  • one side of the second linear guide rail 15 is fixedly connected with the shower head moving substrate 8
  • the other side is movably arranged on the second sliding block 16 .
  • the first sliding block 14 and the second sliding block 16 are fixedly arranged on the shower head connecting base plate 7 , the first linear guide rail 13 is fixedly connected to the spray head connecting base plate 7 through the first sliding block 14 , and the second linear guide rail 15 passes through the second sliding block 14 .
  • the slider 16 is fixedly connected to the shower head connecting substrate 7 , and the other sides of the first linear guide 13 and the second linear guide 15 are also fixedly connected to the shower head moving substrate 8 , so that the shower head moving substrate 8 is fixed at a horizontal level through the shower head connecting substrate 7 . on rail 5.
  • the first linear guide 13 can move along the first sliding block 14, and the second linear guide 15 can move along the second sliding block 16.
  • the nozzle can be driven to move by the lead screw 11 under the driving of the motor 12.
  • the base plate 8, and then the first linear guide rail 13 and the second linear guide rail 15 are moved along the first sliding block 14 and the second sliding block 16 by the nozzle moving the base plate 8, and finally the nozzle 9 is driven to follow the first linear guide rail 13 and the second linear guide rail 15.
  • the moving tracks of the two linear guides 15 move.
  • the inclined plane moving module 2 includes two lifting slide rails 4 , the two lifting slide rails 4 are arranged in parallel, and two ends of the horizontal slide rail 5 are respectively connected to the two lifting slide rails 4 .
  • the rail 4 is fixedly connected.
  • the two lifting slide rails 4 are respectively arranged at both ends of the forming platform 1 , and the two ends of the horizontal slide rail 5 are respectively connected with the two lifting slide rails 4 .
  • the first driving assembly 6 includes a first driving member and a second driving member, and the first driving member is used to drive the horizontal slide rail 5 to ascend and descend along the lifting slide rail 4 , The second driving member is used to drive the shower head connecting substrate 7 to move along the horizontal slide rail 5 .
  • first driving member and the second driving member can be respectively disposed on the two lifting slide rails 4, and one of the first driving member or the second driving member can be used to drive the horizontal slide rail 5 to move along the lifting slide rail 4 , the first driving member and the second driving member cooperate together or one of them is used to drive the nozzle connecting substrate 7 to move along the horizontal slide rail 5.
  • first driving member is used to drive the horizontal slide rail 5 to move up and down along the horizontal slide rail 5.
  • the slide rail 4 moves, and the second driving member is used to drive the shower head connecting substrate 7 to move along the horizontal slide rail 5 .
  • the shower head device 3 further includes a sliding component, and the sliding component includes a plurality of pulleys 17 , and the pulleys 17 are arranged on the shower head connection base plate 7 through the fastening components 18 , each of the pulleys 17 . All of them are engaged with the horizontal slide rail 5 so that the shower head connecting base plate 7 is movably mounted on the horizontal slide rail 5 .
  • the nozzle connecting substrate 7 is moved along the horizontal slide rail 5 by the pulley 17 in the sliding assembly to realize the printing in the X-axis direction.
  • the number of fastening components 18 corresponds to the number of pulleys 17
  • each pulley 17 is fixedly arranged on the shower head connecting base plate 7 through a fastening component 18 .
  • the lifting slide rail 4 is inclined relative to the forming platform 1 along the Z1 axis direction, and then the horizontal slide rail 5 is movably installed on the lifting slide rail 4, and the nozzle device 3 is movably arranged on the on the horizontal slide rail 5, so that the nozzle device 3 can be moved along the horizontal slide rail 5 and the horizontal slide rail 5 can be moved along the lifting slide rail 4 under the driving of the first drive assembly 6, so as to realize 3D printing. It greatly improves the range and printing accuracy of 3D printers.
  • a motor 12 is provided in the nozzle device 3, and the lead screw 11 is driven by the motor 12, and then the lead screw 11 drives the nozzle moving substrate 8 to move relative to the nozzle connecting substrate 7, and finally drives the nozzle 9 along the guide rail.
  • Component movement improves printing accuracy, further reducing product defect rates.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Spray Control Apparatus (AREA)
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Abstract

本发明提供一种3D打印机，其包括成型平台，位于XY平面内，所述成型平台可于所述XY平面内沿着Y轴方向移动；斜面移动模组，设置于所述成型平台的上方，且位于预设的XZ1平面内，其中，所述预设的XZ1平面相对于XZ平面以预设角度θ倾斜设置，所述预设角度θ＞0；以及喷头装置，活动安装在所述斜面移动模组上，用于在所述成型平台上作业。本发明实现了3D打印机中喷嘴位置的灵活调整，从而大大提高了3D打印机所应用的范围以及打印精度。

Description

3D打印机 技术领域
本发明涉及3D打印技术领域，具体涉及一种3D打印机。
背景技术
3D打印即快速成型技术的一种，其是一种以数字模型文件为基础，运用粉末状金属或者塑料等可粘合材料，通过逐层打印的方式来构造物体的技术。3D打印通常是采用数字技术材料打印机来实现的，这类打印机一般简称3D打印机，而3D打印技术在珠宝、鞋类、工业设计、建筑、工程和施工(AEC)、汽车，航空航天、牙科和医疗产业、教育、地理信息系统、土木工程、枪支以及其他领域都有所应用。
传统的3D打印机的X轴、Y轴以及Z轴通常是互相垂直设置的，即在空间上表现为标准的空间直角坐标系，导致3D打印机所应用的范围受限且打印精度较低。
发明内容
本发明提供一种3D打印机，旨在解决现有3D打印机所应用的范围受限且打印精度较低的问题。
第一方面，本发明提供一种3D打印机，其包括成型平台，位于XY平面内，所述成型平台可于所述XY平面内沿着Y轴方向移动；斜面移动模组，设置于所述成型平台的上方，且位于预设的XZ1平面内，其中，所述预设的XZ1平面相对于XZ平面以预设角度θ倾斜设置，所述预设角度θ＞0；以及喷头装置，活动安装在所述斜面移动模组上，用于在所述成型平台上作业。
进一步地，所述斜面移动模组包括：至少一升降滑轨，所述升降滑轨沿着所述Z1轴方向相对于所述成型平台倾斜设置；水平滑轨，活动安装在所述升降滑 轨上，且沿着所述X轴方向设置在所述成型平台上方；第一驱动组件，与所述水平滑轨及所述喷头装置驱动连接，以使所述水平滑轨沿所述升降滑轨升降或所述升降滑轨沿所述水平滑轨移动，所述喷头装置沿所述水平滑轨或升降滑轨移动。
进一步地，所述喷头装置包括：喷头连接基板，活动安装在所述水平滑轨上且受所述第一驱动组件驱动而沿着所述水平滑轨移动；喷头移动基板，与所述喷头连接基板相对设置；喷嘴，安装在所述喷头移动基板靠近所述成型平台一侧的端部；第二驱动组件，连接所述喷头连接基板与所述喷头移动基板，用于驱动所述喷头移动基板带动所述喷嘴相对于所述喷头连接基板移动，以朝所述成型平台进行预设方向的直线移动。
进一步地，所述第二驱动组件包括：导轨组件、丝杠以及电机；所述导轨组件设置在所述喷头连接基板或所述喷头移动基板上，且位于所述喷头连接基板与所述喷头移动基板之间；所述驱动件通过所述丝杠与所述喷头移动基板相连接，用于驱动所述喷头移动基板沿着所述导轨组件的轨道方向移动以带动所述喷嘴朝所述成型平台进行直线移动。
进一步地，所述导轨组件沿着垂直于所述XZ1平面的方向设置，所述轨道方向为垂直于所述XZ1平面的方向。
进一步地，所述喷头装置还包括：第三驱动组件，所述第三驱动组件与所述喷头连接基板相连，用于驱动所述喷头连接基板相对于所述水平滑轨转动以调整所述轨道方向与所述XZ1平面的夹角。
进一步地，所述导轨组件包括第一导轨组件和第二导轨组件，所述第一导轨组件包括第一直线导轨和第一滑块，所述第二导轨组件包括第二直线导轨和第二滑块；所述第一滑块固定设置在所述喷头连接基板上，所述第一直线导轨的一面与所述喷头移动基板固定连接，其另一面活动设置在所述第一滑块上；所述第二滑块固定设置在所述喷头连接基板上，所述第二直线导轨的一面与所述喷头移动基板固定连接，其另一面活动设置在所述第二滑块上。
进一步地，所述斜面移动模组包括两个所述升降滑轨，两个所述升降滑轨平 行设置，所述水平滑轨的两端分别与两所述升降滑轨固定连接。
进一步地，所述第一驱动组件包括第一驱动件和第二驱动件，所述第一驱动件用于驱动所述水平滑轨沿着所述升降滑轨升降，所述第二驱动件用于驱动所述喷头连接基板沿着所述水平滑轨移动。
进一步地，所述喷头装置还包括滑动组件，所述滑动组件包括若干滑轮，所述滑轮通过紧固组件设置在所述喷头连接基板上，每个所述滑轮均卡合在所述水平滑轨上以使所述喷头连接基板活动安装于所述水平滑轨上。
本发明公开的3D打印机，通过将喷头装置活动设置在斜面移动模组上，而斜面移动模组相对于成型平台倾斜设置，使得喷头装置相对于成型平台倾斜设置且可活动调节以实现多种不同位置的变化，实现了3D打印机中喷嘴位置的灵活调整，从而大大提高了3D打印机所应用的范围以及打印精度。本发明的3D打印机结构简单、成本较低，可在3D打印机领域进行广泛应用。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例技术方案，下面将对实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1是本发明实施例提供的3D打印机的正面结构示意图；
图2是本发明实施例提供的3D打印机的背面结构示意图；
图3是本发明实施例提供的3D打印机的空间直角坐标系；
图4是本发明实施例提供的3D打印机中喷头装置的正面结构示意图；
图5是本发明实施例提供的3D打印机中喷头装置的背面结构示意图。
附图标记：1、成型平台；2、斜面移动模组；3、喷头装置；4、升降滑轨；5、水平滑轨；6、第一驱动组件；7、喷头连接基板；8、喷头移动基板；9、喷嘴；10、第二驱动组件；11、丝杠；12、电机；13、第一直线导轨；14、第一滑 块；15、第二直线导轨；16、第二滑块；17、滑轮；18、紧固组件。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
应当理解，当在本说明书和所附权利要求书中使用时，术语“包括”和“包含”指示所描述特征、整体、操作、元素和/或组件的存在，但并不排除一个或多个其它特征、整体、操作、元素、组件和/或其集合的存在或添加。
还应当理解，在此本发明说明书中所使用的术语仅仅是出于描述特定实施例的目的而并不意在限制本发明。如在本发明说明书和所附权利要求书中所使用的那样，除非上下文清楚地指明其它情况，否则单数形式的“一”“一个”及“该”意在包括复数形式。还应当进一步理解，在本发明说明书和所附权利要求书中使用的术语“和/或”是指相关联列出的项中的一个或多个的任何组合以及所有可能组合，并且包括这些组合。
另外，本发明所提到的方向用语，例如「上」、「下」、「前」、「后」、「左」、「右」、「内」、「外」、「侧面」等，仅是参考附加图式以及产品使用状态的方向。因此，使用的方向用语是用以说明及理解本发明，而非用以限制本发明。此外，在附图中，结构相似或相同的结构是以相同标号表示。
参见图1至图2，图1展示了本发明提供的3D打印机的正面结构示意图，图2展示了本发明提供的3D打印机的背面结构示意图。下面通过参照图1和图2并结合图3所示的空间直角坐标系来说明本发明3D打印机的具体实施例。如图所示，所述3D打印机包括成型平台1、斜面移动模组2以及喷头装置3，其中，成型平台1位于XY平面内，所述成型平台1可于所述XY平面内沿着Y轴方向移动；斜面移动模组2设置于所述成型平台1的上方，且位于预设的XZ1平面内，其中，所述预设的XZ1平面相对于XZ平面以预设角度θ倾斜设置， 所述预设角度θ＞0；喷头装置3活动安装在所述斜面移动模组2上，用于在所述成型平台1上作业。
本实施例中，成型平台1用于完成模型成型，其通常是由皮带以及皮带传动机构组成的皮带机构，受皮带传动机构驱动的皮带可沿着Y轴方向来回移动而斜面移动模组2设置在成型平台1上方，且与成型平台1的框架固定连接。如图3所示，图3是空间直角坐标系，其中，XYZ是标准的空间直角坐标系，而XYZ1是本实施例中的3D打印机所形成的空间直角坐标系，其中Z1与Z之间形成一定的夹角θ，该夹角θ可以是大于0的任一角度，而斜面移动模组2设置在XZ1平面内。喷头装置3活动设置在斜面移动模组2上，其主要用于在成型平台1上形成沿Y轴方向无限打印。本实施例中的3D打印机通过将斜面移动模组2所在的XZ1平面与XZ平面进行倾斜设置且使得喷头装置3活动设置在斜面移动模组2上，通过调节斜面移动模组2以及喷头装置3可实现喷嘴位置的多角度灵活调整，从而大大提高了3D打印机所应用的范围以及打印精度。
在一实施例中，所述斜面移动模组2包括：至少一升降滑轨4，所述升降滑轨4沿着所述Z1轴方向相对于所述成型平台1倾斜设置；水平滑轨5，活动安装在所述升降滑轨4上，且沿着所述X轴方向设置在所述成型平台1上方；第一驱动组件6，与所述水平滑轨5及所述喷头装置3驱动连接，以使所述水平滑轨5沿所述升降滑轨4升降，所述喷头装置3沿所述水平滑轨5移动。
其中，升降滑轨4即为Z1轴，其与成型平台1固定连接，升降滑轨4的数量可以根据实际需求进行设置，通常情况下可以设置两个升降滑轨4，分别设置在成型平台1的两端。水平滑轨5活动安装在升降滑轨4上，可沿着X轴方向设置在成型平台1上方，用于为喷头装置3提供移动轨道。而第一驱动组件6与水平滑轨5和喷头装置3驱动连接，并且可以驱动喷头装置3沿着水平滑轨5移动以及驱动水平滑轨5沿着升降滑轨4升降。而由于Z1轴是相对于Z轴倾斜设置的，因此，水平滑轨5沿着升降滑轨4移动的同时，可以同时改变Z1轴的位置以及Y轴的距离，再结合喷头装置3沿着水平滑轨5移动，从而实现3D打印。
在进一步的实施例中，如图4和图5所示，所述喷头装置3包括：喷头连接基板7，活动安装在所述水平滑轨5上且受所述第一驱动组件6驱动而沿着所述水平滑轨5移动，喷头移动基板8，与所述喷头连接基板7相对设置；喷嘴9，安装在所述喷头移动基板8靠近所述成型平台1一侧的端部；第二驱动组件10，连接所述喷头连接基板7与所述喷头移动基板8，用于驱动所述喷头移动基板8带动所述喷嘴9相对于所述喷头连接基板7移动，以朝所述成型平台1进行预设方向的直线移动。
其中，喷头连接基板7作为连接喷头装置3和水平滑轨5的基础部件，其不仅起到连接作用，同时自身还可以沿着水平滑轨5移动，以带动喷嘴9沿着水平滑轨5移动。喷头移动基板8与喷头连接基板7相对设置，且可相对喷头连接基板7进行移动，喷嘴9设置在喷头移动基板8靠近成型平台1一侧的端部，便于作业。第二驱动组件10位于喷头连接基板7和喷头移动基板8之间，用于驱动喷头移动基板8带动喷嘴9相对于喷头连接基板7移动，从而朝成型平台1进行预设方向的直线移动，具体地，预设方向可以是与XZ1平面形成一定的夹角，该夹角为大于0的任一角度。
在进一步地实施例中，所述第二驱动组件10包括：导轨组件、丝杠11以及电机12；所述导轨组件设置在所述喷头连接基板7或所述喷头移动基板8上，且位于所述喷头连接基板7与所述喷头移动基板8之间；所述电机12通过所述丝杠11与所述喷头移动基板8相连接，用于驱动所述喷头移动基板8沿着所述导轨组件的轨道方向移动以带动所述喷嘴9朝所述成型平台1进行直线移动。
其中，本实例中的成型平台11一般是由皮带以及皮带传动机构组成的皮带机构，皮带机构所在的平面即为XY平面，受皮带传动机构驱动的皮带可沿着图3所示Y轴方向来回移动，而Z1轴与XY平面并不是垂直的，而是有着一定的倾斜角度的，因此，当需要调整3D打印的高度时，需要同时调整喷嘴9在Y轴和Z1轴上的位置，而Y轴方向的移动是通过皮带的来回移动实现的，又因皮带不是刚性结构，具有一定的弹性，所以在调整喷嘴9在Y轴方向的位置时，会由于皮带的弹性而使得打印的精度有所降低。为了保证在调整3D打印的高度的 时候，打印精度不会降低，在第二驱动组件10中增加导轨组件、丝杠11以及电机12用以驱动喷嘴9沿着导轨组件的轨道方向移动。而导轨组件与XZ1平面形成一定的夹角，以导轨组件与XZ1平面互相垂直为例进行说明。在导轨组件与XZ1平面互相垂直时，电机12通过丝杠11驱动喷头移动基板8沿着导轨组件的轨道方向移动，进而驱动喷嘴9沿着导轨组件的方向移动，而导轨组件垂直于XZ1平面，因此，喷嘴9可沿着垂直于XZ1平面的方向移动。当打印的模型较小时，可以通过将成型平台1的皮带作为放置3D模型的平台，以喷嘴9沿着导轨组件的轨道的运动(例如其运动方向可定义为新增的Y1轴方向)取代皮带的移动，从而完成3D打印。由于丝杠11属于高精度部件，因此，通过采用该方式打印小模型时，会显著提高打印精度，而当打印大模型时，也可以将大模型分成若干小模型，即在打印每个小模型时，皮带作为成型平台不进行移动，而由X轴Z1轴以及新增的Y1轴进行3D打印，当打印完一个小模型时，皮带移动到下一个待打印的小模型的位置，然后继续打印，最后完成对大模型的打印，从而使得在打印大模型时也可以提高打印精度。
在进一步地实施例中，所述导轨组件沿着垂直于所述XZ1平面的方向设置，所述轨道方向为垂直于所述XZ1平面的方向。
其中，将导轨组件沿着垂直于XZ1平面的方向进行设置从而将轨道方向固定为垂直于XZ1平面的方向，通过第二驱动组件10带动喷嘴9垂直于XZ1平面进行移动，从而形成一新的Z轴。从而使得喷嘴可在电机的驱动下垂直于XZ1进行移动，进而可以在一定程度上对打印模型进行细微上的打印，最终提高Z轴方向的打印精度。
在一实施例中，所述喷头装置3还包括：第三驱动组件，所述第三驱动组件与所述喷头连接基板7相连，用于驱动所述喷头连接基板7相对于所述水平滑轨5转动以调整所述轨道方向与所述XZ1平面的夹角。
其中，第三驱动组件可以是电机12或者是其它的驱动装置，喷头连接基板7可以通过圆环卡合在水平滑轨5上，水平滑轨5设置成圆柱形，从而可以通过第三驱动组件驱动喷头连接基板7沿着水平滑轨5进行转动以调整与XZ1平面 的夹角，当调整到预设夹角时，可以将喷头连接基板7卡号在水平滑轨5上以进行固定。
在一实施例中，所述导轨组件包括第一导轨组件和第二导轨组件，所述第一导轨组件包括第一直线导轨13和第一滑块14，所述第二导轨组件包括第二直线导轨15和第二滑块16；所述第一滑块14固定设置在所述喷头连接基板7上，所述第一直线导轨13的一面与所述喷头移动基板8固定连接，其另一面活动设置在所述第一滑块14上；所述第二滑块16固定设置在所述喷头连接基板7上，所述第二直线导轨15的一面与所述喷头移动基板8固定连接，其另一面活动设置在所述第二滑块16上。
其中，第一滑块14和第二滑块16固定设置在喷头连接基板7上，第一直线导轨13通过第一滑块14与喷头连接基板7固定连接，第二直线导轨15通过第二滑块16与喷头连接基板7固定连接，而第一直线导轨13和第二直线导轨15的另一面还与喷头移动基板8固定连接，从而使得喷头移动基板8通过喷头连接基板7固定在水平滑轨5上。同时，第一直线导轨13可沿着第一滑块14移动，第二直线导轨15可沿着第二滑块16移动，因此，可以在电机12的驱动下，通过丝杠11带动喷头移动基板8，进而通过喷头移动基板8带动第一直线导轨13和第二直线导轨15沿着第一滑块14和第二滑块16移动，最终带动喷嘴9跟随第一直线导轨13和第二直线导轨15的移动轨迹移动。
在一实施例中，所述斜面移动模组2包括两个所述升降滑轨4，两个所述升降滑轨4平行设置，所述水平滑轨5的两端分别与两所述升降滑轨4固定连接。
其中，两个升降滑轨4分别设置在成型平台1两端，且水平滑轨5的两端分别与两个升降滑轨4相连接。
在进一步地实施例中，所述第一驱动组件6包括第一驱动件和第二驱动件，所述第一驱动件用于驱动所述水平滑轨5沿着所述升降滑轨4升降，所述第二驱动件用于驱动所述喷头连接基板7沿着所述水平滑轨5移动。
其中，第一驱动件和第二驱动件可以分别设置在两个升降滑轨4上，且第一驱动件或者第二驱动件中的一个可用于驱动水平滑轨5沿着升降滑轨4移动， 第一驱动件和第二驱动件共同配合或者其中一个用于驱动喷头连接基板7沿着水平滑轨5移动，在本实施例中，第一驱动件用于驱动水平滑轨5沿着升降滑轨4移动，第二驱动件用于驱动喷头连接基板7沿着水平滑轨5移动。
在一实施例中，所述喷头装置3还包括滑动组件，所述滑动组件包括若干滑轮17，所述滑轮17通过紧固组件18设置在所述喷头连接基板7上，每个所述滑轮17均卡合在所述水平滑轨5上以使所述喷头连接基板7活动安装于所述水平滑轨5上。
其中，喷头连接基板7通过滑动组件中的滑轮17沿着水平滑轨5移动以实现X轴方向的打印，滑轮17的数量可以是2个、4个或者6个及以上，其具体数量可根据实际需求进行设置，而紧固组件18的数量与滑轮17的数量相对应，每个滑轮17均通过一个紧固组件18固定设置在喷头连接基板7上。
本发明公开的3D打印机，通过将升降滑轨4沿着Z1轴方向相对于成型平台1倾斜设置，再通过将水平滑轨5活动安装在升降滑轨4上，以及将喷头装置3活动设置在水平滑轨5上，从而可以在第一驱动组件6的驱动下使得喷头装置3沿着水平滑轨5移动以及使得水平滑轨5可沿着升降滑轨4移动，从而实现3D打印，同时还大大提高了3D打印机所能应用的范围和打印精度。为了进一步地提高打印精度，通过在喷头装置3中设有电机12，通过电机12带动丝杠11，进而丝杠11带动喷头移动基板8相对于喷头连接基板7移动，最后带动喷嘴9沿着导轨组件移动从而提高了打印精度，进一步地减少了产品的不良率。
以上所述，仅为本发明的具体实施方式，但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到各种等效的修改或替换，这些修改或替换都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。因此，本发明的保护范围应以权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种3D打印机，其特征在于，包括：
    成型平台，位于XY平面内，所述成型平台可于所述XY平面内沿着Y轴方向移动；
    斜面移动模组，设置于所述成型平台的上方，且位于预设的XZ1平面内，其中，所述预设的XZ1平面相对于XZ平面以预设角度θ倾斜设置，所述预设角度θ＞0；以及
    喷头装置，活动安装在所述斜面移动模组上，用于在所述成型平台上作业。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的3D打印机，其特征在于，所述斜面移动模组包括：
    至少一升降滑轨，所述升降滑轨沿着Z1轴方向相对于所述成型平台倾斜设置；
    水平滑轨，活动安装在所述升降滑轨上，且沿着X轴方向设置在所述成型平台上方；
    第一驱动组件，与所述水平滑轨及所述喷头装置驱动连接，以使所述水平滑轨沿所述升降滑轨升降或所述升降滑轨沿所述水平滑轨移动，所述喷头装置沿所述水平滑轨或升降滑轨移动。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的3D打印机，其特征在于，所述喷头装置包括：
    喷头连接基板，活动安装在所述水平滑轨上且受所述第一驱动组件驱动而沿着所述水平滑轨移动；
    喷头移动基板，与所述喷头连接基板相对设置；
    喷嘴，安装在所述喷头移动基板靠近所述成型平台一侧的端部；
    第二驱动组件，连接所述喷头连接基板与所述喷头移动基板，用于驱动所述喷头移动基板带动所述喷嘴相对于所述喷头连接基板移动，以朝所述成型平台进行预设方向的直线移动。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的3D打印机，其特征在于，所述第二驱动组件包括：导轨组件、丝杠以及电机；
    所述导轨组件设置在所述喷头连接基板或所述喷头移动基板上，且位于所述喷头连接基板与所述喷头移动基板之间；
    所述电机通过所述丝杠与所述喷头移动基板相连接，用于驱动所述喷头移动基板沿着所述导轨组件的轨道方向移动以带动所述喷嘴朝所述成型平台进行直线移动。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的3D打印机，其特征在于，所述导轨组件沿着垂直于所述XZ1平面的方向设置，所述轨道方向为垂直于所述XZ1平面的方向。
  6. 如权利要求4所述的3D打印机，其特征在于，所述喷头装置还包括：
    第三驱动组件，所述第三驱动组件与所述喷头连接基板相连，用于驱动所述喷头连接基板相对于所述水平滑轨转动以调整所述轨道方向与所述XZ1平面的夹角。
  7. 如权利要求4所述的3D打印机，其特征在于，所述导轨组件包括第一导轨组件和第二导轨组件，所述第一导轨组件包括第一直线导轨和第一滑块，所述第二导轨组件包括第二直线导轨和第二滑块；
    所述第一滑块固定设置在所述喷头连接基板上，所述第一直线导轨的一面与所述喷头移动基板固定连接，其另一面活动设置在所述第一滑块上；
    所述第二滑块固定设置在所述喷头连接基板上，所述第二直线导轨的一面与所述喷头移动基板固定连接，其另一面活动设置在所述第二滑块上。
  8. 如权利要求2所述的3D打印机，所述斜面移动模组包括两个所述升降滑轨，两个所述升降滑轨平行设置，所述水平滑轨的两端分别与两所述升降滑轨固定连接。
  9. 如权利要求8所述的3D打印机，所述第一驱动组件包括第一驱动件和第二驱动件，所述第一驱动件用于驱动所述水平滑轨沿着所述升降滑轨升降，所述第二驱动件用于驱动所述喷头连接基板沿着所述水平滑轨移动。
  10. 如权利要求3所述的3D打印机，其特征在于，所述喷头装置还包括滑动组件，所述滑动组件包括若干滑轮，所述滑轮通过紧固组件设置在所述喷头连接基板上，每个所述滑轮均卡合在所述水平滑轨上以使所述喷头连接基板活动 安装于所述水平滑轨上。
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