WO2022073278A1 - 一种用循环压缩气体吹脱并回收工件表面料液的工艺和装置 - Google Patents

一种用循环压缩气体吹脱并回收工件表面料液的工艺和装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022073278A1
WO2022073278A1 PCT/CN2020/128004 CN2020128004W WO2022073278A1 WO 2022073278 A1 WO2022073278 A1 WO 2022073278A1 CN 2020128004 W CN2020128004 W CN 2020128004W WO 2022073278 A1 WO2022073278 A1 WO 2022073278A1
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Prior art keywords
gas
air
liquid
workpiece
stripping
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PCT/CN2020/128004
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
包芳芳
蒋经纬
蒋正海
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浙江海河环境科技有限公司
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Priority to DE112020002423.7T priority Critical patent/DE112020002423T5/de
Publication of WO2022073278A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022073278A1/zh

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
    • F26B21/02—Circulating air or gases in closed cycles, e.g. wholly within the drying enclosure
    • F26B21/04—Circulating air or gases in closed cycles, e.g. wholly within the drying enclosure partly outside the drying enclosure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D46/30—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using loose filtering material
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
    • F26B21/004—Nozzle assemblies; Air knives; Air distributors; Blow boxes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
    • F26B21/02—Circulating air or gases in closed cycles, e.g. wholly within the drying enclosure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
    • F26B21/06—Controlling, e.g. regulating, parameters of gas supply
    • F26B21/10—Temperature; Pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
    • F26B21/06—Controlling, e.g. regulating, parameters of gas supply
    • F26B21/12—Velocity of flow; Quantity of flow, e.g. by varying fan speed, by modifying cross flow area
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
    • F26B21/14—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects using gases or vapours other than air or steam, e.g. inert gases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B25/00—Details of general application not covered by group F26B21/00 or F26B23/00
    • F26B25/005—Treatment of dryer exhaust gases
    • F26B25/006—Separating volatiles, e.g. recovering solvents from dryer exhaust gases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B25/00—Details of general application not covered by group F26B21/00 or F26B23/00
    • F26B25/06—Chambers, containers, or receptacles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B25/00—Details of general application not covered by group F26B21/00 or F26B23/00
    • F26B25/06—Chambers, containers, or receptacles
    • F26B25/08—Parts thereof
    • F26B25/10—Floors, roofs, or bottoms; False bottoms
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B3/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat
    • F26B3/02—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by convection, i.e. heat being conveyed from a heat source to the materials or objects to be dried by a gas or vapour, e.g. air
    • F26B3/04—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by convection, i.e. heat being conveyed from a heat source to the materials or objects to be dried by a gas or vapour, e.g. air the gas or vapour circulating over or surrounding the materials or objects to be dried
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B9/00—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects at rest or with only local agitation; Domestic airing cupboards
    • F26B9/06—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects at rest or with only local agitation; Domestic airing cupboards in stationary drums or chambers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D46/0027—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours with additional separating or treating functions
    • B01D46/003—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours with additional separating or treating functions including coalescing means for the separation of liquid

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of clean production and environmental pollution prevention and control of resource recovery, water saving and emission reduction, and in particular relates to a process and a device for stripping off and recovering workpiece surface material liquid with circulating compressed gas.
  • the cleaning process can only be removed after cleaning.
  • the cleaning process is the core pollution-producing process of heavy metals, cyanide, acid, alkali, nitrogen, fluorine, phosphorus, sulfur and other pollution sources in the surface treatment industry. It is an important source of pollution. Under the following conditions, the amount of cleaning water (or the amount of cleaning sewage generated) in this process has a linear relationship of 1:1 with the amount of material and liquid carried on the surface of the workpiece.
  • Natural draining method There are existing methods to reduce the amount of material liquid carried on the surface of the workpiece. Usually, the workpiece is lifted off above the liquid surface of the soaking tank, and the residence time is increased to drain naturally or at the same time, the method of vibration is adopted to make the material drop to the surface of the immersion tank. Soaking tank.
  • Air blowing spray deliquoring method by blowing clean compressed gas at the same time, and spraying clean mist to separate and recover the material liquid on the surface of the workpiece; Cleaning difficulty, use clean gas with a certain pressure, and blow the workpiece with clean mist at the same time; b.
  • the stripping tail gas carrying the material liquid is purified and discharged up to the standard.
  • the disadvantages of the natural draining method are: a.
  • the material liquid formed by the surface tension attached to the surface of the workpiece cannot be drained. If it is drained naturally for a long time, the material liquid will naturally evaporate the water, and the chemical components will remain on the surface of the workpiece, resulting in crystals, which will increase the difficulty of washing; b.
  • Naturally draining for a long time will cause the workpiece to come into contact with oxygen in the air, etc.
  • the reaction makes the surface of the workpiece form a reaction product layer, such as the reaction between oxygen in the air and the iron workpiece to produce a yellow iron oxide layer.
  • the disadvantages of the air blowing and spray deliquoring method are: a. The two gases, the clean gas and the mist, are required to blow the material and liquid on the workpiece at the same time, and the structure of the stripping system is complicated; b. The feed liquid oxidized by air needs to use an inert gas as a cleaning gas); c. The stripping tail gas carrying the feed liquid needs to be purified before it can reach the standard discharge, which increases the treatment investment and processing cost. Although it can reach the standard, it cannot be zero discharge.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a process and device for stripping and recycling surface workpiece material and liquid with circulating compressed gas.
  • the structure is simple, the operation cost is low, and the material and liquid recovery rate is high.
  • the invention provides a device for stripping and recovering material liquid on workpiece surface with circulating compressed gas, comprising a circulating gas pressurizing unit 1; the circulating gas pressurizing unit is connected with the stripping unit through an air supply pipe 2; the material and liquid are recovered
  • the feed pipe of the lifting unit 12 is connected to the discharge port of the stripping unit;
  • the stripping unit includes a pressurized gas air cavity 3, a blowing port 4, a stripping chamber 5, an air guide orifice plate 6, and a gas-liquid separation chamber 7 , filter material 8, air guide net 9 and exhaust air cavity 10;
  • the circulating gas supercharging unit includes a supercharger; the air inlet of the supercharger is connected with the exhaust port of the exhaust air cavity, and the air outlet of the supercharger is connected with the inlet of the compressed gas air cavity;
  • the outer wall of the pressurized air cavity 3 and the outer wall of the stripping unit are the same outer wall; the stripping chamber is also provided with an air inlet connected to the air outlet of the supercharger, and the inner wall of the pressurized gas air cavity is provided There are air outlet 4;
  • the peripheral wall of the stripping chamber and the inner wall of the pressurized gas air cavity 3 are the same wall; the upper opening of the stripping chamber is open, serving as the workpiece inlet and outlet;
  • the bottom of the stripping chamber is provided with an air-guiding orifice plate 6; the air-guiding orifice plate divides the central area of the stripping unit into a stripping chamber 5 and a gas-liquid separation chamber 7 up and down; Flow hole, the formed gas-liquid mixture enters the gas-liquid separation chamber through the guide hole;
  • the gas-liquid separation chamber is provided with a filter material 8, and the gas-liquid separation chamber is provided with an air-conducting net 9 around the outer periphery; the aperture of the air-conducting net is smaller than the particle size of the filter material; There is a ring-shaped exhaust air cavity 10 .
  • the outer wall of the exhaust air cavity and the outer wall of the stripping groove are the same outer wall, which is the extension of the outer wall of the pressurized gas air cavity to the bottom;
  • the exhaust air cavity and the pressurized gas air cavity are separated by a partition plate, and the exhaust air cavity is provided with an exhaust gas outlet, and the exhaust gas outlet is connected with the air inlet of the supercharger;
  • the outer wall of the exhaust air cavity is provided with a tail gas communication pipe 11 connected with the circulating gas pressurizing unit and a communication pipe connected with the recovered material liquid lifting unit 12 .
  • the guide holes are evenly arranged on the air guide hole plate;
  • the diameter of the guide holes is 10-50mm, and the hole spacing is 30-100mm;
  • the guide holes are distributed in a rectangular or quincunx shape.
  • the setting mode of the air outlet is fixed or movable with the workpiece.
  • the air outlet is fixed, if the distance between the air outlet and the workpiece is far, the air outlet can be equipped with an outlet pipe.
  • the inner wall of the pressurized gas air cavity is a polyhedron
  • 1-2 fixed air outlets are provided for each surface area of the blow-off chamber with an area of less than 1000 cm 2 ; ⁇ 30;
  • the setting density of the blowing ports is set according to the principle of the same polyhedron density.
  • the booster is a booster fan or a fan or an air compressor.
  • the filter material is a flat-type square-hole or round-hole filter screen with a mesh area of 0.2-8 mm 2 ; or a stacked-type spherical or columnar filter material with a particle size of 2-20 mm.
  • the present invention provides a process for blowing off and recovering the material liquid on the workpiece surface by adopting the device described in the above technical solution, comprising the following steps:
  • the liquid-gas mixture is then discharged to the gas-liquid separation chamber through the air-guiding orifice plate for gas-liquid separation, and the separated exhaust gas enters the air inlet of the booster unit after passing through the air-guiding net and the exhaust air cavity; It is reused after the liquid lifting unit.
  • the wind speed of the circulating gas blowing off the feed liquid is 3-30 m/s.
  • the angle of the blowing wind and the plane (or tangent plane) of the workpiece is 15-80° and blown off downward or obliquely downward;
  • the angle of the blowing wind and the plane (or tangent plane) of the workpiece is 15-80°, and the workpiece is blown off in the positive downward direction or the reverse oblique downward direction.
  • the invention provides a device for stripping and recovering material and liquid on workpiece surface with circulating compressed gas, comprising a circulating gas pressurizing unit 1; a stripping unit connected with the circulating gas pressurizing unit through an air supply pipe 2; The liquid pipe is connected to the recovery liquid lifting unit 12 of the stripping unit.
  • the stripping unit includes a pressurized gas air cavity 3, a blowing port 4, a stripping chamber 5, an air guide orifice plate 6, a gas-liquid separation chamber 7, a filter material 8, an air guide net 9 and an exhaust air cavity 10; the circulation
  • the gas supercharging unit includes a supercharger; the air inlet of the supercharger is connected with the exhaust port of the exhaust air cavity, and the air outlet of the supercharger is connected with the inlet of the compressed gas air cavity; the supercharged gas air
  • the outer wall of the cavity 3 and the outer wall of the stripping unit are the same outer wall; the stripping chamber is also provided with an air inlet connected to the air outlet of the supercharger, and the inner wall of the pressurized gas air cavity is provided with a blowing port 4;
  • the peripheral wall of the stripping chamber and the inner wall of the pressurized gas air cavity 3 are the same wall; the upper opening of the stripping chamber is open, as the workpiece inlet and outlet; the bottom of the stripping chamber is provided with an air
  • the chemical consumption of the device provided by the application can be saved by 10-20%; Recycling can reduce the overall production of sewage in the surface treatment industry by about 50%, and the cost of sewage treatment by about 50%. prevention level.
  • the device provided by the present application only needs to blow low-humidity circulating exhaust gas to the workpiece, and does not require spraying, thereby saving the cost of the spraying process device and the operation cost.
  • the gas source of the circulating gas pressurization unit is the low-humidity circulating gas after degassing and gas-liquid separation, and it is not necessary to continuously input clean gas, which saves the cost of clean gas ((for the material and liquid are easy to react with air, an inert gas should be used) It is particularly important for the gas to be used as the feed and liquid stripping of the clean gas source.)
  • the device provided in the present application eliminates the need for suction and collection of the tail gas generated by the air-blown spray deliquoring method, and the purification process of waste gas pollution.
  • Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the device provided by the present invention for stripping and recycling surface workpiece material liquid with circulating compressed gas, wherein, 1 is a circulating gas pressurizing unit, 2 is an air supply pipe, 3 is a pressurized gas air cavity, and 4 is a blower port, 5 is the stripping chamber, 6 is the air guide orifice plate, 7 is the gas-liquid separation chamber, 8 is the filter material, 9 is the air guide net, 10 is the exhaust air cavity, 11 is the exhaust gas circulation pipe, and 12 is the recovery material and liquid lift unit.
  • 1 is a circulating gas pressurizing unit
  • 2 is an air supply pipe
  • 3 is a pressurized gas air cavity
  • 4 is a blower port
  • 5 is the stripping chamber
  • 6 is the air guide orifice plate
  • 7 is the gas-liquid separation chamber
  • 8 is the filter material
  • 9 is the air guide net
  • 10 is the exhaust air cavity
  • 11 is the exhaust gas circulation pipe
  • 12 is the recovery material and liquid lift unit.
  • the invention provides a device for stripping and recovering surface workpiece material liquid with circulating compressed gas, comprising a circulating gas pressurizing unit 1; a stripping unit connected with the circulating gas pressurizing unit through an air supply pipe 2; The liquid pipe is connected with the stripping unit to recover the material liquid lifting unit 12;
  • the stripping unit includes a pressurized gas air cavity 3, a blowing port 4, a stripping chamber 5, an air guide orifice 6, a gas-liquid separation chamber 7, a filter material 8, an air guide net 9 and an exhaust air cavity 10;
  • the circulating gas supercharging unit includes a supercharger; the air inlet of the supercharger is connected with the exhaust port of the exhaust air cavity, and the air outlet of the supercharger is connected with the inlet of the compressed gas air cavity;
  • the outer wall of the pressurized air cavity 3 and the outer wall of the stripping unit are the same outer wall; the stripping chamber is also provided with an air inlet connected to the air outlet of the supercharger, and the inner wall of the pressurized gas air cavity is provided There are air outlet 4;
  • the peripheral wall of the stripping chamber and the inner wall of the pressurized gas air cavity 3 are the same wall; the upper opening of the stripping chamber is open, serving as the workpiece inlet and outlet;
  • the bottom of the stripping chamber is provided with an air-guiding orifice plate 6; the air-guiding orifice plate divides the central area of the stripping unit into a stripping chamber 5 and a gas-liquid separation chamber 7 up and down; Flow hole, the formed gas-liquid mixture enters the gas-liquid separation chamber through the guide hole;
  • the gas-liquid separation chamber is provided with a filter material 8, and the gas-liquid separation chamber is provided with an air-conducting net 9 around the outer periphery; the aperture of the air-conducting net is smaller than the particle size of the filter material; There is a ring-shaped exhaust air cavity 10 .
  • the device for stripping off and recovering the material liquid on the surface of the workpiece includes a circulating gas booster unit 1; the circulating gas booster unit includes a booster; the air inlet of the booster and the stripping unit The exhaust port of the exhaust air cavity is connected to the exhaust port, and the air outlet of the supercharger is connected to the compressed gas air cavity inlet of the blow-off unit.
  • the circulating exhaust gas is pressurized by a supercharging fan, a fan or an air compressor, so that the pressurized circulating gas has sufficient wind pressure, wind speed and air volume at the circulating gas blowing port.
  • air can be used for most workpieces and feed liquids; for stripping and recovery of chemical feed liquids and workpieces that are easy to oxidize and react with air components, exposure to air is easy to produce redox of components in the air.
  • nitrogen or other inert gas can be used to replace air, such as iron workpieces with high quality requirements, strong reduction type material liquid, etc.
  • the device provided by the present invention includes a stripping unit connected with the circulating gas pressurizing unit through an air supply pipe 2 .
  • the stripping unit includes a pressurized gas air chamber 3, a blowing port 4, a stripping chamber 5, an air guide orifice 6, a gas-liquid separation chamber 7, a filter material 8, an air guide network 9, an exhaust air chamber 10, and an exhaust gas communication pipe.
  • the circulating gas supercharging unit 1 is connected to the pressurized gas air chamber 3 for intake through the air supply pipe 2, and the exhaust air chamber 10 is connected to the exhaust gas.
  • the device provided by the present invention includes a pressurized gas air cavity 3 in the stripping unit connected to the circulating gas pressurizing unit through an air supply pipe 2 , and the circulating gas is transported to the pressurized gas air cavity 3 through the air supply pipe 2 inside;
  • the pressurized gas air cavity is arranged around the periphery of the stripping chamber, the outer side wall of the pressurized gas air cavity 3 and the outer wall of the stripping unit are the same outer wall, and the upper wall is the groove top of the stripping unit,
  • the lower wall and the upper wall of the exhaust air cavity 10 are the same wall, and the height is the same as that of the air guide orifice 6; one or more blowing ports 4 are arranged on each side of the inner wall of the pressurized gas air cavity, such as the distance between the air outlet and the workpiece.
  • a blow-out outlet pipe should be provided; the outer wall of the pressurized gas air cavity and the outer wall of the blow-off groove are the same outer wall; the inside of the blow-out port is the blow-off area.
  • the bottom of the stripping chamber is provided with an air-guiding orifice plate 6; the air-guiding orifice plate divides the central area of the stripping unit into a stripping chamber 5 and a gas-liquid separation chamber 7 up and down; There are diversion holes to form a uniform gas-liquid mixture and enter the gas-liquid separation chamber through the diversion holes; the pressurized gas wind chamber in the blow-off unit can make the compressed gas form a basic equal pressure area in the wind chamber, and the pressurized gas wind chamber One or more blowing ports are set at different positions of the blower to blow the liquid-hanging workpiece.
  • the large wind pressure in the flow area of the air chamber basically has no pipe resistance and pipe damage; the compressed gas blown out from the blowing port must have humidity (liquid content), The characteristic requirements of wind pressure and air volume.
  • the pressurized gas air cavity is an annular box-shaped closed cavity with a hollow structure provided with one air inlet and two or more air outlets. In order to reduce wind resistance, if the blow-off unit is circular, the air inlet angle of the air inlet of the air cavity is located in the tangential direction of the blow-off chamber; if the blow-off unit is square, the air inlet of the air chamber is located in the tangential direction of the middle of the corner.
  • the corner of the pressurized gas air cavity is preferably set as an arc corner.
  • the width of the pressurized gas air cavity varies according to the characteristics of the workpiece and the material liquid; the width of the pressurized gas air cavity is preferably 60-400 mm.
  • the air outlet is also an air volume and air direction regulator. According to the size, shape and placement of the workpiece, the air outlet volume and direction of the air outlet arranged around are adjusted, so as to select the most suitable air volume and direction. If the distance is too large, a blow-out outlet pipe should be set up so that the blow-out port is located at the best distance from the workpiece to achieve the best blow-off effect.
  • the position of the air outlet can be divided into two ways: fixed or moved with the workpiece.
  • the wind force generated by the compressed gas blown out through the air outlet is greater than the surface tension of the material and liquid on the surface of the workpiece, which destroys the tension structure of the material and liquid on the surface layer, so that the material and liquid are separated from the workpiece and enter the gas-liquid separation chamber together with the compressed gas.
  • the inner wall of the pressurized gas air cavity is a polyhedron, preferably 1 to 2 air outlets are provided with an area of less than 100 cm 2 on each surface area of the blow-off chamber; ; The air outlet larger than 10000cm 2 is designed separately. In the case of a movable air outlet, preferably 1 to 2 air outlets are provided.
  • the setting density of the blowing ports is set according to the principle of the same polyhedron density.
  • Blowing angle of the air outlet When the workpiece is blown off statically, the angle of the blowing wind and the plane (or tangent) of the workpiece is 15-80° downward or obliquely downward; when the workpiece is blown off dynamically, the direction of the blowing wind and the plane (or tangent) of the workpiece ) The angle is 15 to 80° to blow off in the positive downward direction or the reverse oblique downward direction of the workpiece direction.
  • the wind pressure of the compressed gas blown from the blowing port reaches 20-60m/s on the surface of the workpiece.
  • the air outlet is preferably equipped with air volume switch adjustment and blowing direction adjustment devices; some air outlets can be selectively opened according to the characteristics of different workpieces; the actual number of air outlets, blowing angle, and blowing volume can be switched and adjusted according to the characteristics of the workpiece and material liquid.
  • the stripping chamber 5 is located in the central area of the stripping groove, the outer side is the pressurized gas air cavity 3, and the bottom is the air guide hole plate 6.
  • the air guide orifice plate 6 is provided with guide holes; the guide holes are preferably evenly arranged on the air guide orifice plate; the diameter of the guide holes is preferably 10-50mm, and the hole spacing is preferably 30-100mm; the The guide holes are preferably distributed in a rectangular or quincunx shape.
  • the air guide orifice plate can be arranged on the same plate as the bottom plate of the pressurized gas air cavity, and the bottom plate area of the air cavity is a non-porous area.
  • the compressed gas blows off the tank liquid carried by the workpiece to form a liquid-gas mixture, and the blown large droplets drop directly onto the air guide orifice plate, and then drop to the gas-liquid separation chamber 7 along the guide holes on the air guide orifice plate.
  • the liquid-gas mixture passes through the uniform air-guiding holes on the air-guiding orifice plate to form a uniform airflow into the gas-liquid separation chamber.
  • the inner circumference of the gas-liquid separation chamber 7 is provided with a filter material 8, and the outer circumference of the gas-liquid separation chamber is provided with an air guide net 9; the aperture of the air guide net is smaller than the particle size of the filter material; The outer periphery of the air guide net is provided with a ring-shaped exhaust air cavity 10 .
  • the gas-liquid separation chamber is located in the central area of the stripping unit below the air guide orifice plate 6 . After the gas-liquid mixture generated by the stripping chamber 5 enters the gas-liquid separation chamber, it collides with the filter screen or the filter material 8, so that the small particle droplets form large particle droplets and then drop into the gap of the filter material at the bottom of the gas-liquid separation chamber.
  • the filter material 8 is formed of inert materials such as plastics, ceramics, enamel, and quartz sand.
  • the filter material is a mesh filter material made of the above-mentioned inert materials or a granular filter material with a high specific surface area; the filter material is a layered mesh filter with a mesh area of 0.2 to 8 mm 2 .
  • the mesh filter material refers to a square-hole or round-hole filter screen with a mesh area of 0.2-8mm 2 ; the filter screen is preferably set with 2-3 layers and is horizontally installed in the area above the liquid outlet of the recovered material and liquid in the gas-liquid separation chamber , the filter is removable and washable.
  • the high specific surface area granular filter material refers to a spherical or columnar filter material with a particle size of 2-20 mm, which is installed in a stacked manner in the gas-liquid separation chamber.
  • the air guide net is used to block the filter material from flowing out of the gas-liquid separation chamber; the pore size of the air guide net is smaller than the particle size of the filter material, and the pore size of the air guide net is preferably 1.5-10 mm.
  • the material droplets fall into the material-liquid area or the filter material gap at the bottom of the gas-liquid separation chamber to form a material-liquid layer; the tail gas after separating most of the material and liquid flows through the filter screen or granular filter material gap at the upper part of the gas-liquid separation chamber to the guide.
  • the air net 9 flows from the mesh holes to the exhaust air cavity 10 to form an exhaust gas layer on the upper part.
  • the device provided by the present application includes an exhaust air cavity 10, which is located below the bottom plate of the pressurized gas air cavity 3 and the periphery of the outer side of the air guide net 9; the exhaust air cavity is a gas-liquid separation
  • the exhaust gas is combined into a cavity, which is a ring-shaped closed hollow cavity;
  • the air inlet side of the exhaust air cavity is the porous air guide network inside the air cavity, and the air outlet of the air cavity is arranged on the outer wall of the air cavity and the booster fan (or fan or air compressor) corresponding location.
  • the exhaust air cavity is an air cavity with low wind resistance, and the outer wall of the exhaust air cavity is provided with a tail gas communication pipe 11 connected with the circulating gas pressurizing unit and a communication pipe connected with the recovered material liquid lifting unit 12 .
  • the exhaust gas enters the circulating gas pressurization unit 1 through the exhaust gas circulation pipe 11 through the air cavity outlet of the exhaust gas cavity for recycling, and no exhaust gas is discharged into the workshop or the external environment, and no secondary pollution is generated.
  • the tail gas is characterized by some fine droplets that cannot be separated in the gas. It is a low-humidity tail gas.
  • the circulating tail gas is a circulating tail gas with a liquid concentration of 15-50 g/m 3 discharged after gas-liquid separation.
  • the circulating tail gas continues to enter the circulating gas.
  • the supercharging unit 1 is used as circulating air.
  • the bottom of the exhaust air cavity 10 is provided with a liquid discharge port; the material liquid recovered from the stripping is discharged through the liquid discharge port.
  • the device provided by the present application further includes a recovered material liquid lifting unit 12 connected to the stripping unit; the recovered material liquid lifting pump adopted by the recovered material liquid lifting unit is a chemically resistant plastic, ceramic and other material liquid pump.
  • the feed pipe of the recovered material liquid lifting unit 12 is connected with the discharge port at the lower part of the stripping unit through a communication pipe;
  • the lifting unit 12 is connected to the discharge port through a communication pipe.
  • the recovered feed liquid lifting unit is arranged outside the stripping unit.
  • the recovered material liquid lifting unit transfers the recovered material liquid to the soaking tank for reuse in the tank.
  • the present invention provides a process for blowing off and recovering the material liquid on the workpiece surface by adopting the device described in the above technical solution, comprising the following steps:
  • the liquid-gas mixture is then discharged to the gas-liquid separation chamber through the air-guiding orifice plate for gas-liquid separation, and the separated exhaust gas enters the air inlet of the booster unit after passing through the air-guiding net and the exhaust air cavity; It is reused after the liquid lifting unit.
  • the circulating gas pressurization unit 1 is started, and the exhaust gas from the exhaust port of the exhaust air cavity of the inlet and blowing off unit is pressurized and input into the compressed gas air cavity 3 through the air supply pipe 2; after the turbocharger is turned on, the exhaust air cavity 10 forms a negative pressure, the stripping chamber 5 forms a slight negative pressure. After being pressurized by the fan, the compressed gas is blown into the stripping chamber 5 through the air supply pipe, the pressurized gas air cavity and the blowing port after the air volume is balanced.
  • the outlet does not enter the air, and the blow-off is all circulating air, forming an internal balance (except for a small amount of breathing air entering and leaving the upper port of the recovery tank at the initial stage of startup and when the workpiece is lifted into and out of the blow-off tank).
  • the compressed gas forms a low wind resistance air supply cavity in the pressurized gas air cavity 3, and the compressed gas blows air to the workpiece at a set angle through the blowing port arranged on the inner wall of the air cavity.
  • the workpiece to be processed that is lifted from the soaking tank and carries the material liquid is lifted into the blow-off chamber from the upper port of the blow-off chamber 5, so that the workpiece is in a state of hanging or placed on the air-guiding orifice plate for easy blow-off, and the blow-off is performed.
  • the wind speed of the blowing and stripping liquid is 3 ⁇ 30m/s.
  • the blowing wind direction and the workpiece plane (or tangent plane) angle are 15-80° to the positive downward direction or the reverse oblique downward direction of the workpiece direction to blow off the gas. After 5-30 seconds of blow-off, the workpiece is lifted out of the blow-off chamber from the upper port and into the subsequent cleaning tank.
  • the blown material-liquid droplets and gas-liquid mixture enter the gas-liquid separation chamber 7 through the guide holes of the air-guiding orifice plate 6; the material-liquid droplets and gas-liquid mixture flow through the packing 8 arranged in the gas-liquid separation chamber, and the The liquid mixture collides on the surface of the packing, and the droplets that form large particles drop to the bottom of the packing area, and the tail gas from which most of the material and liquid are separated enters the exhaust air cavity 10 through the air guide net 9; In the wind resistance air cavity, the exhaust gas is transported to the inlet of the booster fan through the exhaust gas circulation pipe 11 arranged on the outer wall of the exhaust air cavity; the material liquid dropped to the bottom of the packing area forms a material liquid layer, and the material liquid layer is connected to the recovered material liquid through the liquid discharge port The lift pump returns the feed liquid to the soaking tank.
  • the workpiece to be treated is a variety of metal, non-metal, semiconductor and other workpieces for surface pickling, alkali cleaning, degreasing, cyanidation, passivation, phosphating, chemical surface conditioning, electrolysis, and other methods.
  • the workpiece can be divided into copper, stainless steel, silver, tin and other materials for different welding purposes; the shape characteristics of the pickling workpiece are: the wire-shaped welding material with a diameter of 1-3mm is surrounded by multiple circles to a diameter of about 400-600mm bundled welding consumables;
  • the pickling tank is equipped with 10-13% sulfuric acid washing liquid; the workpiece is hoisted into the pickling tank by the electric hoist for pickling; the workpiece is acid soaked, and the surface metal oxide reacts with sulfuric acid to produce CuSO 4 and water, soaking time 5 ⁇ 15min; after the acid soaking, use the electric hoist to lift the workpiece to the upper part of the pickling tank, let it stand for preliminary draining of the surface material, let it stand for 0.5 ⁇ 5min, and the drained material will drop into the pickling tank; The preliminarily drained workpiece is hoisted into the first-level washing and rinsing tank by the electric hoist. The rinsing water comes from the second-level rinsing tank.
  • the effluent after rinsing is the rinsing wastewater discharged into the sewage treatment system.
  • One or more pollutants such as chromium, nickel, silver, tin, etc.; the sulfuric acid concentration control index of the rinsing tank is less than 3%; the workpiece after the first-level washing is lifted into the second-level washing and rinsing tank by the electric hoist, and the rinsing water comes from The third-level rinsing tank, the effluent after rinsing flows back to the first-level washing and rinsing tank, and the sulfuric acid concentration control index of the rinsing tank is less than 0.5%; the workpiece after the second-level washing is hoisted into the third-level washing and rinsing tank by the electric hoist, and the rinsing water is clean Tap water, after rinsing, the effluent flows back to the secondary water washing and rinsing tank.
  • the sulfuric acid concentration control index of the rinsing tank is less than 0.1%, and the pH value is 5.5 to 6.5.
  • the number of rinsing tanks will continue to decrease. When the concentration of sulfuric acid is less than 10% or the number is reduced to the extent that the workpiece cannot be submerged, it is necessary to add pickling solution in time.
  • the pickling and hanging liquid stripping recovery machine is used to recover the pickling hanging liquid.
  • the operation and equipment technical parameters of the pickling hanging liquid stripping and recycling machine are:
  • Step 1 the parameters of the compressed gas fan required for blowing off: the fan air volume is 800m 3 /h, the wind pressure is 2740Pa, the motor power is 1.5KW, and the wind speed of the compressed gas on the surface of the workpiece is 35m/s during operation;
  • Step 2 setting parameters for compressed air delivery, air outlet, and blow-off: the compressed air at the outlet of the fan enters the air cavity for air distribution, and 24 blowing ports are set around the inner wall of the air cavity.
  • the angle between the wind direction and the plane (or cut surface) of the workpiece is 60°, and the air is blown obliquely downward.
  • gas-liquid separation parameters of liquid-containing gas the bottom of the stripping chamber is provided with a porous gas-conducting orifice plate, the porous gas-conducting orifice plate has a diameter of 30mm, the hole spacing is 60mm, and the holes are distributed in a rectangular shape; the gas-liquid separation area is set to be filled with particles Spherical ceramic filter material with a diameter of 8-10mm;
  • Step 4 the parameters of the liquid pump for the collection and recovery of the liquid droplets of the stripping chemical: 1m 3 /h, head 5m, motor power 0.38KW, PP plastic pump;
  • the stripping tail gas refers to low-humidity tail gas containing a certain feed liquid, and the liquid concentration is 20-30g/m 3 ; the tail gas is input to the fan for recycling and recycling.
  • the sulfuric acid concentration control index is less than 3%; for the second-level water washing and rinsing tank, the sulfuric acid concentration control index is less than 0.5%;
  • the sulfuric acid concentration continues to decrease, and the material liquid is continuously brought to the water washing and rinsing tank by the workpiece, and the quantity will continue to decrease. Consistent, record the added volume of the bath solution.
  • the present invention provides a device for stripping off and recovering the material liquid on the surface of the workpiece with a circulating compressed gas, including a circulating gas booster unit 1; Stripping unit; Recovered material liquid lifting unit 12 connected to the stripping unit through a material liquid pipe;
  • the stripping unit includes a pressurized gas air chamber 3, a blowing port 4, a stripping chamber 5, an air guide orifice plate 6, Gas-liquid separation chamber 7, filter material 8, air guide net 9 and exhaust air cavity 10;
  • the circulating gas pressurization unit includes a supercharger; the air inlet of the supercharger is connected to the exhaust port of the exhaust air cavity, The air outlet of the supercharger is connected with the inlet of the compressed gas air cavity; the outer wall of the pressurized gas air cavity 3 and the outer wall of the stripping unit are the same outer wall;
  • the air inlet is connected to the air outlet of the machine, and the inner wall of the pressurized gas air cavity is provided with a blowing port 4; the peripheral wall of the stripping
  • the chemical consumption of the device provided by the application can be saved by 10-20%; Recycling can reduce the overall production of sewage in the surface treatment industry by about 50%, and the cost of sewage treatment by about 50%. prevention level.
  • the device provided by the present application only needs to blow low-humidity circulating exhaust gas to the workpiece, and does not require spraying, thereby saving the cost of the spraying process device and the operation cost.
  • the gas source of the circulating gas pressurization unit is the low-humidity circulating gas after degassing and gas-liquid separation, and it is not necessary to continuously input clean gas, which saves the cost of clean gas ((for the material and liquid are easy to react with air, an inert gas should be used)
  • the material and liquid stripping that gas does the clean gas source is particularly important).
  • the device provided by the application has exempted the tail gas generated by the blowing spray deliquoring method and needs to be collected by suction, and the waste gas pollution purification process.
  • the experimental results show: the workpiece carries the material and liquid recovery rate of 56%, the water consumption for subsequent cleaning is reduced by 52.7%, and the discharge of cleaning wastewater is reduced by 52.7%.
  • the process and device for circulating exhaust gas is not required, and the process and device characteristics of other parts except the circulating exhaust gas connecting pipe 11 are within the scope of the above protection clauses, and also belong to the scope of protection of the invention.

Abstract

本发明提供一种用循环压缩气体吹脱并回收工件表面料液的工艺和装置，装置包括依次连接的循环气体增压单元、输风管、吹脱单元，和回收料液提升单元；循环气体增压单元包括增压机；增压机的进风口与尾气风腔的排气口相连，增压机的出风口与压缩气体风腔的进口相连；吹脱单元上设有与增压机的出风口相连的进风口，增压气体风腔的内壁设有吹风口；吹脱室的底部设有导气孔板；所述导气孔板将吹脱单元的中心区域上下分隔为吹脱室和气液分离室；导气孔板上设有导流孔，形成的气液混合体进入气液分离室；气液分离室内设有滤料，气液分离室的外四周设有导气网；导气网的外周设有呈环状尾气风腔。该装置将多项功能结合、结构简单，且具有较高料液回收率。

Description

一种用循环压缩气体吹脱并回收工件表面料液的工艺和装置
本申请要求于2020年10月10日提交中国专利局、申请号为202011077603.3、发明名称为“一种用循环压缩气体吹脱并回收工件表面料液的工艺和装置”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本发明属于资源回收、节水、减排的清洁生产和环境污染防治技术领域，尤其涉及一种用循环压缩气体吹脱并回收工件表面料液的工艺和装置。
背景技术
工件表面处理(如酸洗、氧化、电镀、电解、电泳、磷化、蚀刻等)经化学料液浸泡后，工件表面由于表面张力的作用会形成一个料液层，工件携带的料液需经清洗工序清洗后才能去除，清洗工序是表面处理行业重金属、氰化物、酸、碱、氮、氟、磷、硫等污染源的核心产污工序，为重要的污染源头，在排放水浓度一致的条件下，该工序清洗水的用量(或清洗污水的产生量)与工件表面携带的料液量成1:1的线性关系。
(1)自然沥干法，已有减少工件表面料液携带量的方法通常为把工件提离到浸泡槽液面上方，增加停留时间自然沥干或同时采取震动的方法使料液滴落到浸泡槽。(2)吹气喷雾脱液法，通过同时吹入洁净的压缩气体，喷入洁净的雾气分离回收工件表面料液；方法特征为：a为保证料液不吹干而形成物料结晶而增加后续清洗难度，采用有一定压力的清洁气体，同时用清洁雾气一起吹工件；b携带有料液的吹脱尾气经过净化后达标排放。
而自然沥干法的缺点为：a、不能沥除附着在工件表面由表面张力形成的料液。如果用长时间自然沥干，料液会自然蒸发水份，化学组分留在工件表面，产生结晶体，该结晶体会增加水洗难度；b、长时间自然沥干会导致工件与空气中氧等接触反应，使工件表面形成反应产物层，如空气中氧与铁质工件反应产生黄式氧化铁层。
吹气喷雾脱液法缺点为：a、需清洁气体及雾气两种气体同时吹工件上的 料液，存在吹脱系统结构复杂；b、清洁气体及雾气来源较难、成本提高(如遇易被空气氧化的料液需用惰性气体作为清洁气体)；c、携带有料液的吹脱尾气需经过净化后才能达标排放，增加处理投资及处理成本，虽能达标但还不能零排放。
发明内容
有鉴于此，本发明的目的在于提供一种用循环压缩气体吹脱并回收表面工件料液的工艺和装置，该装置把吹脱、气液分离、尾气循环、料液回收多项功能结合在一起、结构简单、运行成本低，且具有较高的料液回收率。
本发明提供了一种用循环压缩气体吹脱并回收工件表面料液的装置，包括循环气体增压单元1；所述循环气体增压单元通过输风管2与吹脱单元相连；回收料液提升单元12的进料管与所述吹脱单元出料口相连；所述吹脱单元包括增压气体风腔3、吹风口4、吹脱室5、导气孔板6、气液分离室7、滤料8、导气网9和尾气风腔10；
所述循环气体增压单元包括增压机；所述增压机的进风口与尾气风腔的排气口相连，所述增压机的出风口与压缩气体风腔的进口相连；
所述增压气体风腔3的外壁与吹脱单元的外壁为同一个外壁；所述吹脱室上还设有与增压机的出风口相连的进风口，增压气体风腔的内壁设有吹风口4；
所述吹脱室的周壁与所述增压气体风腔3的内壁为同一壁；所述吹脱室的上口为敞口，作为工件出入口；
所述吹脱室的底部设有导气孔板6；所述导气孔板将所述吹脱单元的中心区域上下分隔为吹脱室5和气液分离室7；所述导气孔板上设有导流孔，形成的气液混合体通过导流孔进入气液分离室；
所述气液分离室内设有滤料8，所述气液分离室的外四周设有导气网9；所述导气网的孔径小于滤料的粒径；所述导气网的外周设有呈环状的尾气风腔10。
优选地，所述尾气风腔外壁和吹脱槽的外壁为同一个外壁，为增压气体风腔的外壁向底部的延伸；
所述尾气风腔和增压气体风腔之间由隔板隔开，尾气风腔设有尾气排出口，所述尾气排出口与增压机的进风口相连；
所述尾气风腔外壁设有与循环气体增压单元连接的尾气联通管11和与回收料液提升单元12连接的联通管。
优选地，所述导流孔均匀设置在导气孔板上；
所述导流孔的孔径为10～50mm，孔间距为30～100mm；
所述导流孔呈矩形或梅花形分布。
优选地，所述吹风口的设置方式为固定式或随工件移动式。固定设置吹风口，若吹风口与工件的距离较远，吹风口可设置加装导出管。
优选地，所述增压气体风腔的内壁若为多面体，所述吹脱室吹风的每个面面积小于1000cm 2的固定吹风口设置1～2个；1000～10000cm 2的固定吹风口设置2～30个；
或设置移动式吹风口，吹脱室的每个面设置1～2个吹风口；
所述增压气体风腔的内壁若为圆形，吹风口的设置密度按多面体密度相同原则设置。
优选地，所述增压机为增压风机或风扇或空压机。
优选地，所述滤料为平面式的网孔面积为0.2～8mm 2的方孔或圆孔过滤网；或为堆积式的粒径为2～20mm的球状或柱状滤料。
本发明提供了一种采用上述技术方案所述装置吹脱并回收工件表面料液的工艺，包括以下步骤：
启动循环气体增压单元，循环气体通过增压气体风腔及吹风口向吹脱室内的工件表面吹压缩循环气体，将待处理工件表面的料液吹脱，得到液气混合体；
所述液气混合体再经导气孔板排至气液分离室进行气液分离，分离后的尾气通过导气网、尾气风腔后进入增压单元进气口；分离后所得料液通过料液提升单元后回用。
优选地，循环气体吹脱料液的风速为3～30m/s。
优选地，待处理工件在静态吹脱时，吹风风向与工件平面(或切面)角度为15～80°向下方或斜下方吹脱；
待处理工件在动态吹脱时，吹风风向与工件平面(或切面)角度为15～80° 工件走向的正向下方或逆斜下方吹脱。
本发明提供了一种用循环压缩气体吹脱并回收工件表面料液的装置，包括循环气体增压单元1；通过输风管2与所述循环气体增压单元相连的吹脱单元；通过料液管与所述吹脱单元相连的回收料液提升单元12。所述吹脱单元包括增压气体风腔3、吹风口4、吹脱室5、导气孔板6、气液分离室7、滤料8、导气网9和尾气风腔10；所述循环气体增压单元包括增压机；所述增压机的进风口与尾气风腔的排气口相连，所述增压机的出风口与压缩气体风腔的进口相连；所述增压气体风腔3的外壁与吹脱单元的外壁为同一个外壁；所述吹脱室上还设有与增压机的出风口相连的进风口，增压气体风腔的内壁设有吹风口4；所述吹脱室的周壁与所述增压气体风腔3的内壁为同一壁；所述吹脱室的上口为敞口，作为工件出入口；所述吹脱室的底部设有导气孔板6；所述导气孔板将所述吹脱单元的中心区域上下分隔为吹脱室5和气液分离室7；所述导气孔板上设有导流孔，形成的气液混合体通过导流孔进入气液分离室；所述气液分离室内设有滤料8，所述气液分离室的外四周设有导气网9；所述导气网的孔径小于滤料的粒径；所述导气网的外周设有呈环状的尾气风腔10。与现有的工件短时间自然沥干法相比，本申请提供的装置化学药品用量节省10～20％；化学料液工件沾带进入清洗工序量减少40～70％；该部分化学料液全部得到回收，可使表面处理行业污水产生量总体减少50％左右，污水处理成本降低50％左右，产生资源回收、污染排放源头控制、节约用水等效果，大幅度提高表面处理行业清洁生产水平和污染防治水平。本申请提供的装置只需向工件吹低湿度循环尾气，不需要喷雾，节省喷雾工序装置成本及运行成本。本申请中循环气体增压单元的气源为吹脱气经气液分离后的低湿循环气体，不需要连续输入清洁气体，节省了清洁气体成本((针对料液易与空气反应，应采用惰性气体做清洁气体气源的料液吹脱尤为重要)。本申请提供的装置免除了吹气喷雾脱液法产生的尾气需吸风收集，废气污染净化工序。
附图说明
图1为本发明提供的用循环压缩气体吹脱并回收表面工件料液的装置示意图，其中，1为循环气体增压单元，2为输风管，3为增压气体风腔，4为吹风口，5为吹脱室，6为导气孔板，7为气液分离室，8为滤料，9为导气网， 10为尾气风腔，11为尾气循环管，12为回收料液提升单元。
具体实施方式
本发明提供了一种用循环压缩气体吹脱并回收表面工件料液的装置，包括循环气体增压单元1；通过输风管2与所述循环气体增压单元相连的吹脱单元；通过料液管与所述吹脱单元相连的回收料液提升单元12；
所述吹脱单元包括增压气体风腔3、吹风口4、吹脱室5、导气孔板6、气液分离室7、滤料8、导气网9和尾气风腔10；
所述循环气体增压单元包括增压机；所述增压机的进风口与尾气风腔的排气口相连，所述增压机的出风口与压缩气体风腔的进口相连；
所述增压气体风腔3的外壁与吹脱单元的外壁为同一个外壁；所述吹脱室上还设有与增压机的出风口相连的进风口，增压气体风腔的内壁设有吹风口4；
所述吹脱室的周壁与所述增压气体风腔3的内壁为同一壁；所述吹脱室的上口为敞口，作为工件出入口；
所述吹脱室的底部设有导气孔板6；所述导气孔板将所述吹脱单元的中心区域上下分隔为吹脱室5和气液分离室7；所述导气孔板上设有导流孔，形成的气液混合体通过导流孔进入气液分离室；
所述气液分离室内设有滤料8，所述气液分离室的外四周设有导气网9；所述导气网的孔径小于滤料的粒径；所述导气网的外周设有呈环状的尾气风腔10。
本发明提供的用循环压缩气体吹脱并回收工件表面料液的装置包括循环气体增压单元1；所述循环气体增压单元包括增压机；所述增压机的进风口与吹脱单元的尾气风腔排口相连，所述增压机的出风口与吹脱单元的压缩气体风腔进口相连。
本申请通过增压风机或风扇或空压机把循环尾气进行增压使增压后的循环气在循环气体吹风口具有足够的风压、风速及风量。所述循环气体的组分，对于多数工件及料液可采用空气；对于吹脱回收易氧化和易与空气组分产生反应的化学料液和工件裸露于空气中易于空气中组份产生氧化还原反应的，可采 用氮气或其它惰性气体替代空气，如质量要求高的铁质工件，强还原型料液等。
本发明提供的装置包括通过输风管2与所述循环气体增压单元连接的吹脱单元。所述吹脱单元包括增压气体风腔3、吹风口4、吹脱室5、导气孔板6、气液分离室7、滤料8、导气网9、尾气风腔10、尾气联通管11。循环气体增压单元1通过输风管2与增压气体风腔3进气，尾气风腔10排气连接。
本发明提供的装置包括与所述循环气体增压单元通过输风管2连接的吹脱单元内的增压气体风腔3，循环气体通过输风管2输送至所述增压气体风腔3内；所述增压气体风腔设置在吹脱室的四周周边，所述增压气体风腔3的外侧壁与吹脱单元的外壁为同一个外壁，上壁为吹脱单元的槽顶，下壁与尾气风腔10的上壁为同一壁，高度与导气孔板6持平；所述增压气体风腔的内壁每侧上设置1个或多个吹风口4，如出风口与工件距离太大，应设置吹风口导出管；所述增压气体风腔的外壁和吹脱槽的外壁为同一个外壁；吹风口以内为吹脱区。所述吹脱室的底部设设有导气孔板6；所述导气孔板将所述吹脱单元的中心区域上下分隔为吹脱室5和气液分离室7；所述导流板6上设有导流孔，形成均匀气液混合体通过导流孔进入气液分离室；吹脱单元内的增压气体风腔能使压缩气体在风腔形成基本等压区，在增压气体风腔的不同位置设置1个或多个吹风口对挂液工件进行吹气，风腔过流面积大风压基本无管阻，管损；从吹风口吹出的压缩气体须具备湿度(含液量)、风压、风量的特征要求。所述增压气体风腔是一个设有1个进气口，2个以上出气口的中空结构的环状厢式封闭腔体。为减少风阻，若吹脱单元为圆形，则风腔进风口的进风角度位于吹脱室的切线方向；若吹脱单元为方形，则风腔的进风口位于边角中部切面方向。所述增压气体风腔的转角处优选设置为弧形转角。所述增压气体风腔的宽度根据工件及料液的特征而不同；所述增压气体风腔的宽度优选为60～400mm。
所述吹风口也为风量、风向调节器，根据工件尺寸、形状及放置位置，调节布置在四周的吹风口的出风量和吹风方向，以期选择最合适的风量和吹风方向，若出风口与工件距离太大，应设置吹风口导出管，使吹风口位于工件最佳距离，达到最佳的吹脱效果。所述吹风口的位置分为固定或随工件移动两种方式。通过吹风口吹出的压缩气体产生的风力大于工件表层料液的表面张力，破坏了表层料液张力结构，使料液脱离工件，与压缩气体一起进入气液分离室。 所述增压气体风腔的内壁若为多面体，所述吹脱室吹风的每个面面积小于100cm 2的吹风口优选设置1～2个；1000～10000cm 2的吹风口优选设置2～30个；大于10000cm 2的吹风口另行设计。若为移动式吹风口，优选设置1～2个吹风口。所述增压气体风腔的内壁若为圆形，吹风口的设置密度按多面体密度相同原则设置。吹风口吹风角度：当工件在静态吹脱时吹风风向与工件平面(或切面)角度为15～80°向下方或斜下方吹脱；当工件在动态吹脱时吹风风向与工件平面(或切面)角度为15～80°工件走向的正向下方或逆斜下方吹脱。吹风口吹出的压缩气体风压在工件表面风速达到20～60m/s。吹风口优选设置有风量开关调节、吹风方向调节装置；可根据不同工件特征选择性开启部分吹风口；吹风口实际使用数量、吹风角度、吹风量可根据工件及料液特征进行开关及调整。
在本申请中，所述吹脱室5位于吹脱槽的中心区域，其外侧为增压气体风腔3，底部为导气孔板6。所述导气孔板6上设有导流孔；所述导流孔优选均匀设置在导气孔板上；所述导流孔的孔径优选为10～50mm，孔间距优选为30～100mm；所述导流孔优选呈矩形或梅花形分布。所述导气孔板可以与所述增压气体风腔的底板设置在同一块板上，风腔的底板区为无孔区。压缩气体吹落工件携带的槽液后形成液气混合体，吹落的大液滴直接滴落到导气孔板，沿导气孔板上的导流孔再滴落到气液分离室7。所述液气混合体通过导气孔板上的均匀的导流孔，形成均匀气流进入气液分离室。
在本申请中，所述气液分离室7内周设有滤料8，所述气液分离室的外四周设有导气网9；所述导气网的孔径小于滤料的粒径；所述导气网的外周设有呈环状的尾气风腔10。所述气液分离室位于导气孔板6以下的吹脱单元的中心区域内。由吹脱室5产生的气液混合物进入气液分离室后，与滤网或滤料8撞击，使小颗粒液滴形成大颗粒液滴后滴落在气液分离室底部的滤料的空隙中；由工件吹落的大液滴直接滴落到导流板，沿导流孔再滴落到气液分离室，沿滤网或滤料空隙汇及在气液分离室底部的填料的空隙中。液气混合体经过气液分离后的尾气通过导气网9的网孔排放至尾气风腔10。所述滤料8为由塑料、陶瓷、搪瓷、石英砂等惰性材料形成。所述滤料为由上述惰性材料制成的网状滤料或高比表面积的颗粒状滤料；所述滤料为层状的网孔面积为 0.2～8mm 2的方孔或圆孔过滤网；或为堆积状的粒径为2～20mm的球状或柱状滤料。所述网状滤料指网孔面积为0.2～8mm 2的方孔或圆孔过滤网；过滤网优选设置2～3层，水平安装在气液分离室的回收料液出液口上方的区域，过滤网为可拆洗式。所述高比表面积颗粒状滤料是指粒径为2～20mm的球状或柱状滤料，在气液分离室堆积式安装。导气网为阻隔滤料流出气液分离室；导气网的孔径小于滤料的粒径，导气网的孔径优选为1.5～10mm。吹脱后与工件分离的流态气液混合体流经所述滤料表面时，细小液滴在滤网或颗粒状滤料表面撞击形成大颗粒液滴，液滴随滤网或颗粒状滤料滴落到气液分离室底部的料液区或滤料缝隙中，形成料液层；分离大部分料液后的尾气经过气液分离室上部的滤网或颗粒状滤料缝隙流到导气网9，从网孔流到尾气风腔10在上部形成尾气层。
本申请提供的装置包括尾气风腔10，所述尾气风腔10位于所述增压气体风腔3的底板以下及导气网9外侧的四周周边；所述尾气风腔为气液分离后的尾气汇合腔体，该腔体是一个环状封闭的中空腔体；尾气风腔的进风侧为风腔内侧的多孔导气网、风腔出风口设置在风腔外壁与增压风机(或风扇或空压机)对应位置。所述尾气风腔为低风阻的风腔，所述尾气风腔的外壁设有与循环气体增压单元连接的尾气联通管11和与回收料液提升单元12连接的联通管。所述尾气通过尾气风腔的风腔出口由尾气循环管11进入到循环气体增压单元1进行循环利用，无尾气排入车间或外环境，不会产生二次污染。尾气中尚有部分未能分离的细小液滴继续进入增压气体单元中作为循环风利用。尾气的特征为气体中尚有部分未能分离的细小液滴，是一种低湿尾气，为气液分离后排出的含液浓度为15～50g/m 3的循环尾气，循环尾气继续进入循环气体增压单元1作为循环风利用。所述尾气风腔10的底部设置有排液口；吹脱回收料液通过所述排液口排出。
本申请提供的装置还包括与所述吹脱单元连接的回收料液提升单元12；所述回收料液提升单元采用的回收料液提升泵为耐化学腐蚀性的塑料、陶瓷等料液泵。所述回收料液提升单元12的进料管与与所述吹脱单元的下部的出料口通过联通管相连；具体地，所述尾气风腔上设有出料口，所述回收料液提升单元12通过联通管连接到出料口。所述回收料液提升单元设置在吹脱单元以 外。所述回收料液提升单元将回收料液转移到浸泡槽进行回槽再利用。
本发明提供了一种采用上述技术方案所述装置吹脱并回收工件表面料液的工艺，包括以下步骤：
启动循环气体增压单元，循环气体通过增压气体风腔及吹风口向吹脱室内的工件表面吹压缩循环气体，将待处理工件表面的料液吹脱，得到液气混合体；
所述液气混合体再经导气孔板排至气液分离室进行气液分离，分离后的尾气通过导气网、尾气风腔后进入增压单元进气口；分离后所得料液通过料液提升单元后回用。
启动循环气体增压单元1，来自进吹脱单元的尾气风腔的排出口的尾气经增压后通过输风管2输入压缩气体风腔3；开启增压机后使尾气风腔10形成负压，吹脱室5形成微负压，经风机增压后通过风量平衡后输风管、增压气体风腔和吹风口，向吹脱室5内吹压缩气体，风量平衡后吹脱室上口不进风，吹脱全部为循环风，形成内平衡(除启动初期及工件吊入与吊离吹脱槽时有少量呼吸气从回收槽上口进出外)。压缩气体在增压气体风腔3内形成低风阻供风腔体，压缩气体通过设置在风腔内壁的吹风口按设定角度向工件吹气。
从浸泡槽提升出来的携带有料液的待处理工件从吹脱室5上口吊入吹脱室，使工件处于便于吹气的悬挂或放置在导气孔板上的状态，进行吹脱，循环气体吹脱料液的风速为3～30m/s，待处理工件在静态吹脱时，吹风风向与工件平面(或切面)角度为15～80°向下方或斜下方吹脱；待处理工件在动态吹脱时，吹风风向与工件平面(或切面)角度为15～80°工件走向的正向下方或逆斜下方吹脱气。经5-30秒的吹脱，工件从上口吊出吹脱室，吊入后续的清洗槽。
吹落的料液液滴及气液混合体通过导气孔板6的导流孔进入气液分离室7；料液液滴及气液混合体流经设置在气液分离室的填料8，气液混合体的在填料表面撞击，形成大颗粒的液滴滴落到填料区底部，分离出大部分料液的尾气通过导气网9进入尾气风腔10；尾气在尾气风腔10内形成低风阻风腔体，尾气通过设置在尾气风腔外壁的尾气循环管11输送到增压风机进口；滴落到填料区底部的料液形成料液层，料液层通过排液口连接回收料液提升泵把料液回流到浸泡槽。待处理工件为各种金属、非金属、半导体等工件进行化学料液 浸泡式或其他方式进行表面酸洗、碱洗、除油脱脂、氰化、钝化、磷化、化学表调、电解、铝氧化、电镀、化学蚀刻等工艺过程产生的携带有化学料液的工件。
为了进一步说明本发明，下面结合实施例对本发明提供的一种用循环压缩气体吹脱并回收工件表面料液的工艺和装置进行详细地描述，但不能将它们理解为对本发明保护范围的限定。
实施例和对比例
(1)概况:
*设备名称：酸洗挂液吹脱回收机；
*实施对象：铜钎焊材料酸洗；
*钎焊材料特征：工件焊接用途不同可分为铜、不锈钢、银、锡等材料；酸洗工件外形特征为:直径1～3mm的线型焊材以多圈环绕成直径约为400～600mm的捆状焊材；
*酸洗目的：清除焊材表面的金属氧化物、油污等；
*酸洗材料：10～13％硫酸；
(2)现有酸洗工艺流程及技术参数
工艺流程：
酸洗槽→槽上沥干→一级水洗→二级水洗→三级水洗→烘干；
工艺流程及技术参数说明：
在酸洗槽中配置10～13％的硫酸洗液；由电动葫芦把工件吊入到酸洗槽中进行酸洗；工件酸浸泡，表面金属氧化物与硫酸反应产生CuSO 4和水，浸泡时间5～15min；酸浸泡结束后用电动葫芦把工件提升到酸洗槽上部，静置初步沥干表面料液，静置沥干时间0.5～5min，沥出的料液滴落到酸洗槽；初步沥干的工件由电动葫芦吊入到一级水洗漂洗槽，漂洗水来自二级漂洗槽，漂洗后的出水为漂洗废水排入污水处理系统，排出漂洗废水的污染特征为：pH、铜、铬、镍、银、锡等污染物的一种或多种；该漂洗槽的硫酸浓度控制指标<3％；一级水洗后的工件由电动葫芦吊入到二级水洗漂洗槽，漂洗水来自三级漂洗槽，漂洗后的出水逆流到一级水洗漂洗槽，该漂洗槽的硫酸浓度控制指标<0.5％；二级水洗后的工件由电动葫芦吊入到三级水洗漂洗槽，漂洗水清洁自 来水，漂洗后的出水逆流到二级水洗漂洗槽，该漂洗槽的硫酸浓度控制指标<0.1％，pH值5.5～6.5；随着酸洗过程持续的硫酸浓度下降，料液不断被工件带到水洗漂洗槽，数量也会不断减少，在硫酸浓度低于10％或数量减少到不能淹没工件情况下需要及时添加酸洗液。
(3)本发明实施例酸洗工艺流程及技术参数：
酸洗槽→槽上沥干→酸洗挂液循环压缩气体吹脱料液回收装置→一级水洗→二级水洗→三级水洗→烘干；
工艺流程及技术参数说明：
a、在酸洗槽中配置12.3％的硫酸洗液；由电动葫芦把工件吊入到酸洗槽中进行酸洗；工件酸浸泡，表面金属氧化物与硫酸反应产生CuSO 4和水，浸泡时间10～15min；酸浸泡结束后用电动葫芦把工件提升到酸洗槽上部，静置初步沥干表面料液，静置沥干时间1min，沥出的料液滴落到酸洗槽；初步沥干的工件由电动葫芦吊入到酸洗挂液吹脱回收机；
b、循环压缩气体吹脱并回收工件表面的料液，采用酸洗挂液吹脱回收机回收酸洗挂液，酸洗挂液吹脱回收机操作及设备技术参数为：
*步骤一，吹脱所需压缩气体风机参数：风机风量800m 3/h，风压2740Pa、电机功率1.5KW，运行时压缩气体在工件表面风速为35m/s；
*步骤二，压缩空气输送、出风口、吹脱设置参数:风机出口压缩气体进入风腔布气，风腔内壁四周设置吹24个吹风口，吹风口吹风角度：当工件在静态吹脱时吹风风向与工件平面(或切面)角度为60°向斜下方吹气，吹脱方式采用间隙式，每件工件吹脱时间0.5min；
*步骤三，含液气体的气液分离参数：吹脱室的底部设置多孔导气孔板，多孔导气孔板为孔径30mm，孔间距60mm，孔位呈矩形分布；气液分离区设置填充有粒径为8～10mm的球状陶瓷滤料；
*步骤四，吹脱化学料液液滴收集回收的料液泵参数：1m 3/h，扬程5m、电机功率0.38KW，PP塑料泵；
*步骤五，回收吹脱尾气参数，所指吹脱尾气为的含有一定料液的低湿尾气，含液浓度为20～30g/m 3；该尾气输入风机回收循环使用。
*三级逆流漂洗技术参数为：
一级水洗漂洗槽，硫酸浓度控制指标<3％；二级水洗漂洗槽，硫酸浓度控制指标<0.5％；三级水洗漂洗槽，硫酸浓度控制指标<0.1％，pH值5.5～6.5；随着酸洗过程持续的硫酸浓度下降，料液不断被工件带到水洗漂洗槽，数量也会不断减少，酸洗槽硫酸浓度控制10～15％，酸洗槽槽液数量按实验前后液位高保持一致，计录槽液添加量。
(4)本发明实施例与现有酸洗工艺效果对比见表1：
表1 本发明实施例和现有酸洗工艺的效果对比
Figure PCTCN2020128004-appb-000001
Figure PCTCN2020128004-appb-000002
由以上实施例可知，本发明提供了一种用循环压缩气体吹脱并回收工件表面料液的装置，包括循环气体增压单元1；通过输风管2与所述循环气体增压单元相连的吹脱单元；通过料液管与所述吹脱单元相连的回收料液提升单元12；所述吹脱单元包括增压气体风腔3、吹风口4、吹脱室5、导气孔板6、气液分离室7、滤料8、导气网9和尾气风腔10；所述循环气体增压单元包括增 压机；所述增压机的进风口与尾气风腔的排气口相连，所述增压机的出风口与压缩气体风腔的进口相连；所述增压气体风腔3的外壁与吹脱单元的外壁为同一个外壁；所述吹脱室上还设有与增压机的出风口相连的进风口，增压气体风腔的内壁设有吹风口4；所述吹脱室的周壁与所述增压气体风腔3的内壁为同一壁；所述吹脱室的上口为敞口，作为工件出入口；所述吹脱室的底部设有导气孔板6；所述导气孔板将所述吹脱单元的中心区域上下分隔为吹脱室5和气液分离室7；所述导气孔板上设有导流孔，形成的气液混合体通过导流孔进入气液分离室；所述气液分离室内设有滤料8，所述气液分离室的外四周设有导气网9；所述导气网的孔径小于滤料的粒径；所述导气网的外周设有呈环状的尾气风腔10。与现有的工件短时间自然沥干法相比，本申请提供的装置化学药品用量节省10～20％；化学料液工件沾带进入清洗工序量减少40～70％；该部分化学料液全部得到回收，可使表面处理行业污水产生量总体减少50％左右，污水处理成本降低50％左右，产生资源回收、污染排放源头控制、节约用水等效果，大幅度提高表面处理行业清洁生产水平和污染防治水平。本申请提供的装置只需向工件吹低湿度循环尾气，不需要喷雾，节省喷雾工序装置成本及运行成本。本申请中循环气体增压单元的气源为吹脱气经气液分离后的低湿循环气体，不需要连续输入清洁气体，节省了清洁气体成本((针对料液易与空气反应，应采用惰性气体做清洁气体气源的料液吹脱尤为重要)。本申请提供的装置免除了吹气喷雾脱液法产生的尾气需吸风收集，废气污染净化工序。实验结果表明：工件携带料液回收率56％，后续清洗用水量减少52.7％，清洗废水排放量减少52.7％。
针对料液不会产生挥发性污染废气、或其他原因不需要循环尾气工艺及装置，除循环尾气连接管11以外的其他部分的工艺及装置特征在以上保护条款范围的，同样属于发明保护范围。
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式，应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明原理的前提下，还可以做出若干改进和润饰，这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种用循环压缩气体吹脱并回收工件表面料液的装置，包括循环气体增压单元1；所述循环气体增压单元通过输风管2与吹脱单元相连；回收料液提升单元12的进料管与所述吹脱单元出料口相连；
    所述吹脱单元包括增压气体风腔3、吹风口4、吹脱室5、导气孔板6、气液分离室7、滤料8、导气网9和尾气风腔10；
    所述循环气体增压单元包括增压机；所述增压机的进风口与尾气风腔的排气口相连，所述增压机的出风口与压缩气体风腔的进口相连；
    所述增压气体风腔3的外壁与吹脱单元的外壁为同一个外壁；所述吹脱室上还设有与增压机的出风口相连的进风口，增压气体风腔的内壁设有吹风口4；
    所述吹脱室的周壁与所述增压气体风腔3的内壁为同一壁；所述吹脱室的上口为敞口，作为工件出入口；
    所述吹脱室的底部设有导气孔板6；所述导气孔板将所述吹脱单元的中心区域上下分隔为吹脱室5和气液分离室7；所述导气孔板上设有导流孔，形成的气液混合体通过导流孔进入气液分离室；
    所述气液分离室内设有滤料8，所述气液分离室的外四周设有导气网9；所述导气网的孔径小于滤料的粒径；所述导气网的外周设有呈环状的尾气风腔10。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的装置，其特征在于，所述尾气风腔外壁和吹脱槽的外壁为同一个外壁，为增压气体风腔的外壁向底部的延伸；
    所述尾气风腔和增压气体风腔之间由隔板隔开，尾气风腔设有尾气排出口，所述尾气排出口与增压机的进风口相连；
    所述尾气风腔的外壁设有与循环气体增压单元连接的尾气联通管11；同时设有与所述回收料液提升单元12连接的联通管。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的装置，其特征在于，所述导流孔均匀设置在导气孔板上；
    所述导流孔的孔径为10～50mm，孔间距为30～100mm；
    所述导流孔呈矩形或梅花形分布。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的装置，其特征在于，所述吹风口4的设置方式为固定式或随工件移动式。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的装置，其特征在于，所述增压气体风腔的内壁若为多面体，所述吹脱室的吹风的每个面面积小于1000cm 2的固定吹风口设置1～2个；1000～10000cm 2的固定吹风口设置2～30个；
    或设置移动式吹风口，吹脱室的每个面设置1～2个吹风口；
    所述增压气体风腔的内壁若为圆形，吹风口的设置密度按多面体密度相同原则设置。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的装置，其特征在于，所述增压机为风机或风扇或空压机。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的装置，其特征在于，所述滤料为平面式的网孔面积为0.2～8mm 2的方孔或圆孔过滤网；或为堆积式的粒径为2～20mm的球状或柱状滤料。
  8. 一种采用权利要求1～7任一项所述装置吹脱并回收工件表面料液的工艺，包括以下步骤：
    启动循环气体增压单元，循环气体通过增压气体风腔及吹风口向吹脱室内的工件表面吹压缩循环气体，将待处理工件表面的料液吹脱，得到液气混合体；
    所述液气混合体再经导气孔板排至气液分离室进行气液分离，分离后的尾气通过导气网、尾气风腔后进入增压单元进气口；分离后所得料液通过料液提升单元后回用。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的工艺，其特征在于，循环气体吹脱料液的风速为3～30m/s。
  10. 根据权利要求8所述的工艺，其特征在于，待处理工件在静态吹脱时，吹风风向与工件平面(或切面)角度为15～80°向下方或斜下方吹脱；
    待处理工件在动态吹脱时，吹风风向与工件平面(或切面)角度为15～80°工件走向的正向下方或逆斜下方吹脱。
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