WO2022071787A1 - Combinaciones farmacéuticas de estatinas y fibratos para el tratamiento y prevención de hiperlipidemias y enfermedades cardiovasculares - Google Patents
Combinaciones farmacéuticas de estatinas y fibratos para el tratamiento y prevención de hiperlipidemias y enfermedades cardiovasculares Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022071787A1 WO2022071787A1 PCT/MX2020/050034 MX2020050034W WO2022071787A1 WO 2022071787 A1 WO2022071787 A1 WO 2022071787A1 MX 2020050034 W MX2020050034 W MX 2020050034W WO 2022071787 A1 WO2022071787 A1 WO 2022071787A1
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- Prior art keywords
- atorvastatin
- pharmaceutical composition
- fenofibrate
- composition according
- pharmaceutically acceptable
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- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000004756 silanes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000017550 sodium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019812 sodium carboxymethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920001027 sodium carboxymethylcellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007962 solid dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007909 solid dosage form Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000600 sorbitol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960002920 sorbitol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000010356 sorbitol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940071138 stearyl fumarate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000005720 sucrose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960004793 sucrose Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 208000011580 syndromic disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001839 systemic circulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011975 tartaric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000002906 tartaric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960004559 theobromine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940124597 therapeutic agent Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000001225 therapeutic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036962 time dependent Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004448 titration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- RKBCYCFRFCNLTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N triisopropylamine Chemical compound CC(C)N(C(C)C)C(C)C RKBCYCFRFCNLTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000005591 trimellitate group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- YFTHZRPMJXBUME-UHFFFAOYSA-N tripropylamine Chemical compound CCCN(CCC)CCC YFTHZRPMJXBUME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LENZDBCJOHFCAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris Chemical compound OCC(N)(CO)CO LENZDBCJOHFCAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960000281 trometamol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000010977 unit operation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000019165 vitamin E Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940046009 vitamin E Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011709 vitamin E Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002676 xenobiotic agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002034 xenobiotic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000811 xylitol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010447 xylitol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- HEBKCHPVOIAQTA-SCDXWVJYSA-N xylitol Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CO HEBKCHPVOIAQTA-SCDXWVJYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960002675 xylitol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- XOOUIPVCVHRTMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc stearate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O XOOUIPVCVHRTMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/40—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having five-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. sulpiride, succinimide, tolmetin, buflomedil
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P3/00—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
- A61P3/06—Antihyperlipidemics
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/21—Esters, e.g. nitroglycerine, selenocyanates
- A61K31/215—Esters, e.g. nitroglycerine, selenocyanates of carboxylic acids
- A61K31/216—Esters, e.g. nitroglycerine, selenocyanates of carboxylic acids of acids having aromatic rings, e.g. benactizyne, clofibrate
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/20—Pills, tablets, discs, rods
- A61K9/2004—Excipients; Inactive ingredients
- A61K9/2009—Inorganic compounds
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/20—Pills, tablets, discs, rods
- A61K9/2004—Excipients; Inactive ingredients
- A61K9/2013—Organic compounds, e.g. phospholipids, fats
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/20—Pills, tablets, discs, rods
- A61K9/2004—Excipients; Inactive ingredients
- A61K9/2013—Organic compounds, e.g. phospholipids, fats
- A61K9/2018—Sugars, or sugar alcohols, e.g. lactose, mannitol; Derivatives thereof, e.g. polysorbates
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/20—Pills, tablets, discs, rods
- A61K9/2004—Excipients; Inactive ingredients
- A61K9/2022—Organic macromolecular compounds
- A61K9/2031—Organic macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polyethylene glycol, polyethylene oxide, poloxamers
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/20—Pills, tablets, discs, rods
- A61K9/2004—Excipients; Inactive ingredients
- A61K9/2022—Organic macromolecular compounds
- A61K9/205—Polysaccharides, e.g. alginate, gums; Cyclodextrin
- A61K9/2059—Starch, including chemically or physically modified derivatives; Amylose; Amylopectin; Dextrin
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/20—Pills, tablets, discs, rods
- A61K9/2095—Tabletting processes; Dosage units made by direct compression of powders or specially processed granules, by eliminating solvents, by melt-extrusion, by injection molding, by 3D printing
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/20—Pills, tablets, discs, rods
- A61K9/28—Dragees; Coated pills or tablets, e.g. with film or compression coating
- A61K9/2806—Coating materials
- A61K9/2833—Organic macromolecular compounds
- A61K9/284—Organic macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polyvinyl pyrrolidone
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P9/00—Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K2300/00—Mixtures or combinations of active ingredients, wherein at least one active ingredient is fully defined in groups A61K31/00 - A61K41/00
Definitions
- the present invention relates to combination pharmaceutical compositions in the field of treatment of hyperlipidemias and cardiovascular diseases.
- Patent US5273995 with equivalent in Mexico MX 178535 and in the name of WARNER LAMBERT COMPANY LLC describes the active ingredient atorvastatin, a pharmaceutical composition that contains it and its use to manufacture a pharmaceutical drug to relieve hypercholesterolemia; however, its validity ended in 2011 and 2010, respectively.
- Patent MX 214428 from the same company, describes crystalline form I of atorvastatin hydrate that has an X-ray powder diffraction and contains at least one of the following 26 values determined by using CuKcc 11.9 or 22.0 radiation. Crystalline forms II and IV of atorvastatin are also disclosed.
- patent FR 2157853 in the name of FOURNIER GMBH LAB, describes the active ingredient fenofibrate.
- patent MX 252667 whose co-owners are the company ALKERMES PHARMA IRELAND LIMITED, and the company ABBOTT LABORATORIES, IRELAND, LIMITED, describe in their main claim a stable fenofibrate composition for oral administration, comprising fenofibrate particles having a average effective particle size less than about 2000 nm.
- atorvastatin is sensitive to humidity that puts its stability at risk and therefore the composition or pharmaceutical form that contains it.
- pharmaceutical compositions have been proposed that combine these active ingredients in separate entities in a single solid dosage form, in multilayer tablets, bilayer tablets, or capsules, in solution, or sachets containing the active ingredients in granules. or separate pearls.
- the Mexican patent MX 333517 of the company ABBOTT LABORATORIES, IRELAND, LIMITED describes the use of a compound selected from fenofibrate, fenofibric acid, and a salt of fenofibric acid for the preparation of a drug for the treatment of obstructive sleep apnea or sleep syndrome.
- obstructive sleep apnea which may be associated with a known hydroxymethylglutaryl reductase coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) inhibitor or statin, including but not limited to atorvastatin.
- HMG-CoA hydroxymethylglutaryl reductase coenzyme A
- Mexican patent MX 270015 of SARL GALENIX INNOVATIONS describes a process for the manufacture of a pharmaceutical composition containing the active ingredient fenofibrate or one of its derivatives, possibly in the form of an association of fenofibrate or its derivative with a second active ingredient, in the form of tablets, where the second active ingredient is selected from metformin, cobalamin, folic acid, betaine, n-acetylcysteine, vitamin E, and an HGMCoA inhibitor.
- the claimed process exclusively comprises granulation or compaction steps that are carried out by dry means.
- patent MX 261110 of ABBOTT GMBH & CO. KG describes a formulation comprising fenofibric acid, or a physiologically acceptable salt or derivative thereof and optionally other active substances (which in one embodiment includes atorvastatin), as well as a binder component comprising when less one enteric binder and physiologically acceptable excipients, wherein the enteric binder is an enteric polymer selected from hydroxypropylmethylcellulose phthalate, hydroxypropylmethylcellulose acetate succinate, carboxymethylethylcellulose, cellulose acetate phthalate, cellulose acetate trimellitate, and sodium carboxymethylcellulose.
- enteric binder is an enteric polymer selected from hydroxypropylmethylcellulose phthalate, hydroxypropylmethylcellulose acetate succinate, carboxymethylethylcellulose, cellulose acetate phthalate, cellulose acetate trimellitate, and sodium carboxymethylcellulose.
- Document LIS20110165239A1 mentions the manufacture of a multilayer tablet, physically separating a part of the tablet that contains fenofibrate from another that contains atorvastatin.
- Mexican patent application MX/a/2013/006332 describes a co-solvent system made up of poloxamer, polyethylene glycol and diethylene glycol monoethyl ether, used to achieve the dissolution of fenofibrate.
- the patent states that they cannot achieve drug dissolution without the co-solvent system in the proper proportions.
- the co-solvent is found in a proportion of 5 to 15%. It also has binders, among which can be HPMC, PVP, HPC, carboxymethylcellulose, methocel, methacrylates and mixtures thereof.
- antistatic agents are selected from silicon dioxide and talc and mixtures thereof; stabilizers calcium carbonate, silicified crystalline cellulose, calcium phosphate and mixtures thereof in a proportion of 15 to 60%.
- the tablet may or may not contain a coating.
- fenofibrate is incorporated through an aqueous dispersion composed of co-solvents, the surfactant, humectant and binder. The dispersion is sprayed onto the mixture of diluents and disintegrants. It is dried and sifted.
- Atorvastatin lubricant, stabilizer, anti-aesthetic agent and compressibility vehicle are added.
- the process is a wet granulation of fenofibrate.
- the dissolution is ensured with the co-solvents system.
- atorvastatin is sensitive to moisture and in the wet granulation process there is residual moisture that puts the stability of atorvastatin and therefore of the tablet at risk.
- Application PA/a/2006/003813 generally describes the combination of atorvastatin-fenofibrate in concentrations of 10-80 mg and 140-170 mg, respectively, as well as the pharmaceutical form in tablets.
- Such compositions are manufactured without any need to add water or an aqueous medium and where at least 80% of the active substances (in this case the fibrate and statin) are present in the composition in dissolved form, which ensures a bio -proper availability of both active ingredients during oral administration.
- the particulate material comprising as active substances one or more fibrates and one or more statins, where at least 80% of the total amount of the active substances is dissolved in a carrier selected from the group consisting of a hydrophobic, a hydrophilic, and a water-miscible carrier.
- a carrier selected from the group consisting of a hydrophobic, a hydrophilic, and a water-miscible carrier.
- the active substances are present in the form of a solid solution in the particulate composition.
- the presence of a solid solution can be tested by a DSC test. However, some crystallization of active substances from solid solutions can be expected during storage.
- the vehicle has the characteristics of oil (sorption material), with a maximum melting point of 25°C; and the hydrophobic or hydrophilic carrier with melting point of 0 to 250°C, but it is necessary to add an oil sorption material.
- sorption material with a maximum melting point of 25°C
- hydrophobic or hydrophilic carrier with melting point of 0 to 250°C
- melt binders or solid solvents examples are described among which mention Polyethylene glycol.
- a PEG:poloxamer mixture is described, specifically PEG 6000.
- vehicles with low melting points are preferred.
- dissolve the drugs dissolve the drugs, and spray said solution in a solid diluent. It is mentioned as a method option to melt the vehicle and dissolve the fenofibrate, the solution is sprayed on a carrier solid capable of adsorbing the solution.
- a solid solution of fenofibrate that is dissolved in a vehicle is mentioned as another method option. They indicate as part of their manufacturing process the need to dissolve drugs in co-solv
- application MX/a/2010/014200 describes a formulation of fenofibrate with improved oral bioavailability, simplicity of design and manufacturing and absence of food effect, where fenofibrate alone or together with the statin is dissolved in a lipophilic surfactant.
- ic and hydrophilic until a clear solution is obtained. May include pH stabilizer, antioxidants, preservatives, color, flavor, buffer, and viscosity agents. It presents polysorbate 80 from 20 to 80%; poloxamer 10 to 20%; and the pharmaceutical form is in the form of a liquid contained in a capsule.
- the formulation may also contain atorvastatin from 5 to 80 mg.
- the invention is related to the manufacturing processes of the formulation and the dosage forms that it comprises, such as the soft gelatin capsule.
- atorvastatin is sensitive to moisture and in typical granulation processes, such as wet granulation, there is residual moisture that puts the stability of atorvastatin at risk and therefore of any pharmaceutical form manufactured with said methodology. that contains it.
- the proposed composition and its manufacturing method overcome these major drawbacks, the use of co-solvents is not necessary to achieve the dissolution effects of the active ingredients.
- the present invention proposes the combination in a single dosage unit of the active ingredients atorvastatin and fenofibrate, with doses of 20 ⁇ 0.7 mg and 160-200 mg respectively, solving a set of important challenges due to the physicochemical properties and the difference in doses to guarantee the obtaining of a stable product in the treatment of hyperlipidemia and prevention of cardiovascular diseases.
- the present invention relates to solid, stable, immediate-release pharmaceutical compositions, as well as their manufacturing method, comprising atorvastatin and fenofibrate, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, for the treatment of hyperlipidemia and the prevention of cardiovascular diseases.
- the method makes it possible to obtain a pharmaceutical composition that is easy to administer in a single dose.
- the method includes a granulation step activated by heating with fenofibrate; an atorvastatin incorporation step; a compression stage and where the process is carried out without the incorporation of water, avoiding conditions that affect the stability of atorvastatin.
- the fenofibrate is preferably micronized.
- the particle size distribution of the micronized fenofibrate is less than 30 ⁇ m (100%), preferably it is equal to or less than 0.95 ⁇ m (d10), preferably equal to or less than 5.35 ⁇ m (d50), and more preferably equal to or less than 11 .28 ⁇ m (d90).
- atorvastatin is preferably in its calcium trihydrate form.
- the hyperlipidemias and cardiovascular diseases are selected from: hyperlipidemia, hyperlipoproteinemia, hypercholesterolemia, hypertension, angina pectoris, heart attacks, aneurysms, regulation of the blood concentration of LDL, HDL and triglycerides.
- One embodiment of the invention comprises a pharmaceutical composition
- a pharmaceutical composition comprising: (a) atorvastatin, or an equivalent amount of a salt thereof, in a pharmaceutically acceptable amount that is in the range between 20 ⁇ 0.7 mg and (b) micronized fenofibrate , or its micronized salt, in a pharmaceutically acceptable amount that is in the range between 160 mg and 200 mg, and (c) a pharmaceutically acceptable amount of pharmaceutically acceptable excipients and/or carriers.
- Acceptable pharmaceutical carriers and/or carriers include binders, diluents, disintegrants, pH modulators, surfactants, lubricants, solvents, and coatings.
- the coating is a moisture barrier.
- the composition is in the form of a tablet, tablet, caplet, granules, tablets, pills. Preferably, it is in the form of a biconvex tablet and/or a coated tablet.
- the dissolution profiles of the present pharmaceutical combination represent a comparison between both doses to demonstrate bioexemption. Because it is a bioequivalence test exemption study, the drug that requires exemption from this test is called a test drug.
- the reference drug is the one used in the comparative bioavailability study between the drugs when they are administered in the same formulation with respect to the reference drugs administered jointly and separately.
- FIGURES Figure 1. Average particle size distribution analysis graph for fenofibrate.
- Figure 2. Graph of the average percentages dissolved as a function of the sampling times of the reference drug, percentage of atorvastatin dissolved.
- Figure 3. Graph of the average percentages dissolved as a function of the sampling times of the test drug, percentage of atorvastatin dissolved.
- Figure 4 Graph of the average percentages dissolved as a function of the sampling times of the reference drug, percentage of fenofibrate dissolved.
- Figure 7 Graph of the average dissolved percentages of fenofibrate (reference drug and test drug) at the different sampling times performed.
- Figure 9 Plot of compartmental pharmacokinetic modeling for atorvastatin.
- Figure 10 Simulation of steady-state plasma atorvastatin concentrations after administration of one atorvastatin/fenofibrate (20 mg/200 mg) tablet every 24 hours for 14 days.
- Figure 13 Simulation of plasma concentrations of fenofibric acid at steady state, after administration of one tablet with atorvastatin / fenofibrate (20 mg / 200 mg) every 24 hours for 14 days.
- Figure 14 The comparison of the dissolution profile of fenofibrate was made between a commercial fenofibrate tablet (reference), a composition described in the state of the art (MX/a/2013/006332 patent application), against the composition of fenofibrate and atorvastatin of the present invention (test).
- Pharmaceutically Acceptable Salt refers to salts that retain the biological efficacy and properties of the given compound, and are not biologically or otherwise undesirable (P. Heinrich Stahl and Camille G. Wermuth (Eds.) Pharmaceutical Salts Properties, Selection, and Use (International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry), Wiley - VCH;2nd Revised Edition (May 16, 2011)).
- Pharmaceutically acceptable base addition salts can be prepared from inorganic or organic bases. Salts derived from inorganic bases include, by way of example only, sodium, potassium, lithium, ammonium, calcium and magnesium salts. Salts derived from organic bases include, but are not limited to, primary, secondary, and tertiary amine salts.
- Suitable amines include, isopropylamine, trimethylamine, diethylamine, tri(isopropyl)amine, tri(n-propyl)amine, ethanolamine, 2-dimethylaminoethanol, tromethamine, lysine, arginine, histidine, caffeine, procaine, hydrabamine, choline, betaine , ethylenediamine, glucosamine, N-alkylglucamines, theobromine, puhnas, piperazine, pipehdine, morpholine, N-ethylpipehdine, and the like.
- Salts derived from inorganic acids include hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, phosphoric acid, and the like.
- Salts derived from organic acids include acetic acid, Propionic acid, glycolic acid, pyruvic acid, oxalic acid, malic acid, malonic acid, succinic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, tartaric acid, citric acid, benzoic acid, cinnamic acid, mandelic acid, methanesulfonic acid, ethanesulfonic acid, p -toluenesulfonic acid, salicylic acid, and the like.
- Excipient is the ingredient that is part of this pharmaceutical composition, among them are diluents, disintegrants, lubricants, coating, absorbents, among others.
- Stability It is the ability of a pharmaceutical product to retain its chemical, physical, microbiological and biopharmaceutical properties within specified limits throughout its shelf life.
- the present invention relates to solid, stable, immediate-release pharmaceutical compositions with a synergistic effect, maintaining dissolution and bioavailability, of a statin and a fibrate, which are administered in a single pharmaceutical form orally as a therapeutic agent for treatment of hyperlipidemia and prevention of cardiovascular diseases that are selected from among: hyperlipidemia, hyperlipoproteinemia, hypercholesterolemia, hypertension, angina pectoris, heart attacks, aneurysms, regulation of the blood concentration of LDL, HDL and triglycerides.
- the present invention also relates to the manufacture of said compositions of a statin and a fibrate for oral administration.
- the statin is selected from atorvastatin and the fibrate is selected from fenofibrate.
- the method makes it possible to obtain a pharmaceutical composition that is easy to administer in a single dose.
- the combination of atorvastatin and fenofibrate represents a set of important technological challenges due to the physicochemical properties of the drugs, the adequate selection of excipients and the manufacturing conditions, as well as the difference in doses to guarantee obtaining a stable product in the development of pharmaceutical compositions, a very important role in relation to the release of the drug, the rate of absorption and the amount absorbed in the body.
- the composition of the present invention comprises: (a) atorvastatin in a pharmaceutically acceptable amount that is in the range between 20 ⁇ 0.7 mg and (b) fenofibrate in a pharmaceutically acceptable amount that is in the range between 160 mg and 200 mg , and (c) a pharmaceutically acceptable amount of pharmaceutically acceptable excipients and/or carriers.
- the pharmaceutical composition can be used for the manufacture of a drug useful in the treatment of hyperlipidemia and prevention of cardiovascular diseases.
- the composition of the present invention comprises atorvastatin or an equivalent amount of a salt thereof, preferably in its calcium trihydrate form, wherein 21.65 mg of atorvastatin calcium trihydrate is equivalent to 20 mg of atorvastatin.
- the pharmaceutically acceptable amount of the active ingredient atorvastatin is adjusted according to the titration.
- composition of the present invention comprises fenofibrate preferably in a micronized form.
- Determination of the particle size distribution by laser beam diffraction was carried out for micronized fenofibrate, using a DPS module in a particle size analyzer.
- the particle size distribution of micronized fenofibrate is less than 30 ⁇ m (100%), preferably the particle size distribution of micronized fenofibrate is equal to or less than 0.95 ⁇ m (d10), preferably equal to or less than 5.35 ⁇ m (d50) , and more preferably equal to or less than 11.28 ⁇ m (d90) ( Figure 1).
- the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention comprises acceptable pharmaceutical excipients and/or carriers, including but not limited to: binders, diluents, disintegrants, pH modulators, surfactants, lubricants, solvents and coatings.
- binders examples include various grades of polyethylene glycol, glyceryl behenate, microcrystalline wax, polyoxystearoyl glycerides.
- the binder is preferably poloxamer 188 in a pharmaceutically acceptable amount ranging from 5 to 10%.
- Examples of pharmaceutically acceptable diluents include, but are not limited to cellulose derivatives, such as microcrystalline cellulose PH102, phosphate derivatives such as dibasic phosphate of calcium, starch derivatives such as pregelatinized starch and corn starch, as well as, mannitol, xylitol, maltitol, lactitol, sorbitol, sucrose or a combination thereof.
- the diluent is preferably lactose monohydrate in a pharmaceutically acceptable amount ranging from 5 to 90%.
- the diluent is also preferably magnesium aluminum silicate in a pharmaceutically acceptable amount ranging from 5 to 90%.
- disintegrants include, but are not limited to, croscarmellose, cellulose derivatives such as hydroxypropylcellulose, carboxymethylcellulose, microcrystalline cellulose; povidone derivatives such as crospovidone; starch derivatives such as pregelatinized starch, sodium starch glycolate and corn starch.
- the disintegrant is preferably sodium starch glycolate, which is selected in the present invention for its high ability to rapidly take up water and increase its volume, in a pharmaceutically acceptable amount in the range of 2 to 8%.
- pH modulators to provide formulation stability include alkali and alkaline earth metal salts, such as calcium phosphate, sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, calcium hydroxide.
- the pH modulator is preferably magnesium oxide in a pharmaceutically acceptable amount ranging from 0.5 to 5%.
- surfactants may be such as poloxamers, polyoxyethylene castor oil derivatives, benzalkonium chloride, benzethonium chloride, polyoxyethylene alkyl ethers, and polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid esters.
- the surfactant is preferably sodium lauryl sulfate in a pharmaceutically acceptable amount ranging from 1 to 2.5%.
- Examples of pharmaceutically acceptable lubricants include, but are not limited to, magnesium stearate, zinc stearate, calcium stearate, stearic acid, monostearate, stearyl fumarate; talc and sulfated derivatives such as magnesium lauryl sulfate.
- the lubricant is preferably magnesium stearate in a pharmaceutically acceptable amount ranging from 0.25 to 5%.
- the composition of the present invention may contain coatings, which may be, in an enunciative and non-limiting way, selected from cellulose derivatives such as: hydroxypropylmethylcellulose, hydroxypropylcellulose, carboxymethylcelluloses; polyvinyl derivatives such as polyvinyl alcohol; polyethylene glycol, povidones in all grades K and their derivatives, as well as moisture barrier coatings.
- the moisture barrier coating is preferably opadry, such as opadry AMB II blue in a pharmaceutically acceptable amount ranging from 0.5 to 6%.
- composition of the present invention also comprises a solvent, such as and preferably water in a pharmaceutically acceptable amount or as sufficient for (cbp).
- a solvent such as and preferably water in a pharmaceutically acceptable amount or as sufficient for (cbp).
- the present invention also describes an optimized method that allows the combined manufacture of the active ingredients atorvastatin and fenofibrate in a single solid, stable, immediate-release pharmaceutical form.
- Atorvastatin is preferably in its calcium trihydrate form, where 21.65 mg of atorvastatin calcium trihydrate is equivalent to 20 mg of atorvastatin.
- the solid pharmaceutical composition is selected from the group comprising a tablet, tablet, monolayer tablet, granules, caplet, lozenges or pills. Preferably, it is in the form of a tablet and/or coated tablet.
- the biconvex-shaped tablets allow the coating process to be carried out efficiently, obtaining a stable product with good physical and chemical characteristics.
- the most preferred pharmaceutical form of the invention is in “tablets" due to its dose accuracy, it is also the pharmaceutical form with the best acceptance due to its easy administration, making it possible to dose a high concentration of drugs, unlike capsules. In the case of tablets, it is possible to reduce the volume of the powders and thus facilitate their handling and administration.
- the present invention also refers to both the pharmaceutical composition and the manufacturing method to obtain it. The method makes it possible to obtain a pharmaceutical composition that is easy to administer in a single dose.
- the production process of the composition in the form of tablets was rooted in the selection of the unit operations, the order and the execution time to control the different physicochemical properties of the drugs.
- the technological challenge lies in the combination of two drugs with very low water solubility and poor flow; in the case of fenofibrate, a preferably micronized material is used, so it is necessary to carry out a granulation process in order to be able to manufacture tablets, considering the high concentration of the active ingredient; atorvastatin also presents important stability problems, being sensitive to humidity, acidic pH and high temperatures.
- melt granulation process the binder solution of a standard wet granulation process is replaced by a meltable binder.
- This binder can be added molten, but it can also be added in its solid state when the technology used allows it.
- Heat activated granulation is a process in which heating is used to activate granule formation (i.e. agglomeration) in the presence of a binder with a manageable glass transition temperature without requiring reaching a melting temperature.
- the glass transition temperature (Tg) is the temperature above which a reversible transition occurs in which the non-crystalline regions of the polymer change from a glassy (rigid and brittle) state to a so-called viscoelastic state, with significant loss. of stiffness. It is associated with the initiation of long-range movement of the polymer chain due to temperature factors.
- the polymer in its solid state has intermediate mechanical characteristics between its characteristics in the liquid state and in the solid state.
- the goal of heat-activated granulation is to densify the powder mixture to improve flow and compaction, as well as drug dissolution.
- Poloxamer 188 has a melting point between 52°C and 57°C, reporting a glass transition temperature around 50°C. The process works at a product temperature of 47°C, a temperature at which the polymer achieves the adhesion of smaller particles (fine powders) to form larger particles (granules or agglomerates).
- Temperature control is a critical point since, as mentioned, it is only required to densify the powder mixture. Managing the temperature of the product at the melting temperature of the polymer implies a greater adhesion of the particles, that is, the granule formed will be larger and more rigid, being crucial factors in the dissolution of the drug.
- Fenofibrate shows low solubility, is sensitive to light, and exhibits elastic deformation and moderate stickiness.
- Magnesium oxide dissipates the fenofibrate charges; however, it also achieves greater particle slippage and decreases the drug's adhesiveness.
- the aluminum and magnesium silicate is used as a diluent but not as a moisture adsorbent since it improves the rheological properties of fenofibrate by reducing electrostatic charges without affecting the flow characteristics together with magnesium oxide.
- the present invention determines to carry out a granulation process activated by heating with fenofibrate and incorporate atorvastatin to carry out the manufacture without the incorporation of water and avoiding conditions that could affect the stability of this drug.
- the manufacture was carried out seeking to keep the process free of water, due to the sensitivity of atorvastatin; a granulation process is required since the characteristics of the fenofibrate powder do not make a direct compression process possible.
- the dissolution rate of the active ingredients was determined and the dissolution profiles of the present pharmaceutical combination represent a comparison between both doses to demonstrate exemption.
- Stability tests provide a means of comparing different formulations, packaging materials, or manufacturing processes in short-term experiments. As soon as the final formulation and manufacturing process are established, the manufacturer carries out a series of stability tests that will make it possible to predict the stability of the product or drug in this case and to determine its shelf life and storage conditions.
- Example 1 Particle size distribution of fenofibrate
- Determination of the particle size distribution by laser beam diffraction was carried out for micronized fenofibrate by placing 0.5g of the raw material in a sample holder and using a DPS module in the particle size analyzer to obtain an obscuration of 4-7%. The determination is made in duplicate.
- the particle size distribution of the micronized fenofibrate is less than 30 ⁇ m (100%), preferably it is equal to or less than 0.95 ⁇ m (d10), preferably equal to or less than 5.35 ⁇ m (d50), and more preferably equal to or less than 11 .28 ⁇ m (d90) ( Figure 1).
- the manufacturing process for the preparation of tablets that comprise the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention comprises:
- a granulation stage activated by heating with the fenofibrate, preferably micronized fenofibrate
- the various stages include:
- magnesium oxide is added to the micronized fenofibrate and mixed manually to remove static from the powder. 2. The previous mixture is sieved through a mesh (0.64 mm or 0.025 in), together with poloxamer 188, 20% lactose monohydrate DCL-11 and 80% aluminum and magnesium silicate.
- the powder is loaded into a granulator with a heating system and is brought to a temperature of 47°C with constant movement.
- a particle size reduction operation is performed by mesh (1.27 mm or 0.050 in), to the granules obtained in step No. 3.
- step 6 To the mixer from step 6, add the sieve from step 5, the powder from step 7 and mix for 5 min.
- the final powder mixture is compressed into cores of 600 ⁇ 30 mg, with a hardness of 6.0-13.0 Kp and a disintegration time of less than 9 min.
- Example 3 Pharmaceutical composition of atorvastatin in combination with fenofibrate
- Table 1 Pharmaceutical composition of atorvastatin in combination with fenofibrate.
- the amount of water that is sufficient for the formulation includes the water of the coating and that is in an amount of up to 0.08 mg/tab without affecting the manufacturing process and stability of the pharmaceutical composition of the invention.
- Example 4 Preferred pharmaceutical composition of atorvastatin in combination with fenofibrate
- the amount of water that is sufficient for the formulation includes the water of the coating and that is in an amount of up to 0.08 mg/tab without affecting the manufacturing process and stability of the pharmaceutical composition of the invention.
- Example 5 Preferred pharmaceutical composition of atorvastatin in combination with fenofibrate
- Statins and fenofibric acid derivatives are widely used for the treatment of hypercholesterolemia and hypertriglyceridemia, respectively, and administered together have shown efficacy for the treatment of mixed hyperlipidemia.
- the dissolution test (in vitro test) is used to determine the rate (amount/time) and extent (total amount) at which a drug is released from the dosage form; in the case of the dissolution profile, it corresponds to the quantification at different times of the dissolved drug under standardized conditions.
- the importance of the dissolution test lies in the following: a) It is a guide for the development of new formulations during the development of the product: it allows evaluating the possible interference of the excipients or the manufacturing process on the release of the drug. b) Process control and quality assurance: helps to ensure continuous product quality and its optimization after a change in manufacturing, formulation, manufacturing site and process escalation. c) Indicator of in vivo development: it is an indicator of bioavailability, it allows establishing the correlation between in vitro parameters with bioavailability results.
- Dissolution profiles were performed for atorvastatin/fenofibrate tablets 20/200 mg (reference drug) and atorvastatin/fenofibrate tablets 20/160 mg (test drug). Both batches of drugs (reference and test) are from Laboratorios Silanes S.A. of C.V.
- the percentage of atorvastatin dissolved in its respective dissolution medium for both the reference drug and the test drug was greater than 80% on average within the first 15 min and greater than 90% on average within 20 minutes, for what these results show that the evaluated products can be accepted as equivalent. See Tables 4-5 and Figure 2-3.
- the percentage of fenofibrate dissolved in its respective dissolution medium for both the reference drug and the test drug was greater than 40% on average within the first 20 min and greater than 80% on average within 60 minutes, for what these results show that the evaluated products can be accepted as equivalent. See Tables 6-7 and Figure 4-5.
- Table 9 Calculation of the atorvastatin similarity factor. Table 10. Comparison % dissolved fenofibrate reference drug and test
- Example 8 Pharmacokinetic simulation of atorvastatin and fenofibrate at steady state
- Pharmacokinetic simulation was performed in order to predict the behavior of atorvastatin and fenofibric acid administered concomitantly, after following a dosage schedule of one tablet every 24 hours for 2 weeks, which allows demonstrating that the concentrations reached for both drugs they are effective, safe and comparable to those reported in the literature, from 3.17-30 pg/mL for fenofibric acid (Back, 2018; Moffat, 2011) and from 2.5-50.1 ng/mL for atorvastatin (Chou, 2013).
- the plasma concentration data with respect to time of atorvastatin and fenofibric acid (active metabolite of fenofibrate), on which the simulation at steady state is based, correspond to those obtained in the study carried out in healthy volunteers, in fasting condition, to to demonstrate the non-pharmacokinetic interaction between atorvastatin 20 mg and fenofibrate 200 mg, when administered in a fixed dose (drug from Laboratorios Silanes, S.A. de C.V.) versus the individual reference drugs indicated by COFEPRIS.
- Test drug (treatment B) corresponds to the one manufactured by Laboratorios Silanes with the following description: Test drug (treatment B)
- Each tablet contains: atorvastatin 20 mg / fenofibrate 200 mg
- Table 12 Descriptive statistics for atorvastatin plasma concentrations over time for treatment B (test drug in fixed combination). Table 13. Descriptive statistics of atorvastatin pharmacokinetic parameters for treatment B (test drug in fixed combination).
- Plasma concentrations at steady state were simulated by fitting the data to the best compartmental pharmacokinetic model using the Phoenix/Winnonlin version 8.2 software package. In this sense, the plasma concentrations of atorvastatin have a better correlation with a two-compartment model, represented schematically (Fig. 8, 9 and 10) and mathematically (Tables 14 and 15) below:
- R is the accumulation factor
- beta is the elimination constant in the two-compartment model, and is the dosing interval (24 hours for the simulation).
- the R value 1.10, which means that there is no significant accumulation (10%) of atorvastatin at steady state when administered once daily.
- Table 16 Descriptive statistics for plasma concentrations of fenofibhco acid with respect to time for treatment B (test drug in fixed combination). Table 17. Descriptive statistics of the pharmacokinetic parameters of fenofibric acid by treatment
- Plasma concentrations at steady state were simulated by fitting the data to the best compartmental pharmacokinetic model using the Phoenix/Winnonlin version 8.2 software package.
- the plasma concentrations of fenofibric acid have a better correlation with a monocompartmental model, represented schematically (Fig. 11, 12 and 13) and mathematically (Tables 18 and 19) below:
- K10 is the elimination constant in the one-compartment model and is the dosage interval (24 hours for the simulation).
- the R value indicates a 2.57-fold accumulation in steady-state plasma concentrations of fenophylcolic acid when administered once daily.
- the projection to the steady state complements the results obtained in the interaction study where both drugs were administered in a single dose, and which essentially provides sufficient pharmacokinetic information considering the following reasons:
- Atorvastatin does not exhibit accumulation at steady state in the once-daily dosing schedule.
- Atorvastatin and fenofibrate do not have time-dependent pharmacokinetics (eg, auto-inhibition or auto-induction).
- Y The processes responsible for the elimination of atorvastatin from the systemic circulation are CYP3A4, P-gp and OATP2(OATP1 B1), but fenofibrate and fenofibric acid are not metabolized via cytochrome P450, they do not significantly inhibit P-gp mediated transport and do not have a potential to cause a clinically significant OATP1 B1 inhibition drug-drug interaction (Wong, 2006, Yamazaki, 2005).
- the comparison of the fenofibrate dissolution profile was made between a commercial fenofibrate tablet (reference), a composition described in the state of the art (MX/a/2013/006332 patent application), against the composition of fenofibrate and atorvastatin of the present invention (test).
- the comparison of the atorvastatin dissolution profile was also made between a commercial atorvastatin tablet (reference), a composition described in the state of the art (MX/a/2013/006332 patent application), against the composition of fenofibrate and atorvastatin of the present invention (test).
- the dissolution profile of the fenofibrate-atorvastatin composition of the present invention is better than that of the individual active ingredients, as well as that of the combination described in the state of the art.
- Example 10 Stability of pharmaceutical compositions of atorvastatin and fenofibrate 20/160 mg tablets.
- Solid pharmaceutical forms stand out for their great physical, chemical and biological stability, dosage accuracy, drug release control and low cost.
- Oral liquid forms usually have some advantages, such as greater bioavailability than solid forms, less irritating effect on the gastric mucosa, and greater ease of ingestion.
- Some advantages such as greater bioavailability than solid forms, less irritating effect on the gastric mucosa, and greater ease of ingestion.
- Among the disadvantages is that there is a greater probability of contamination and the possible instability of the drugs in solution.
- An example of the instability of the solutions is that they can crystallize since the environment in which they are found can favor the change to its base state, making it less soluble and which in turn decreases the bioavailability of the drug.
- the present invention describes an optimized method that allows the combined manufacture of the active ingredients atorvastatin and fenofibrate in a dose of 20/200 mg and 20/160 mg, respectively, in a single solid, stable, immediate-release pharmaceutical form.
- Atorvastatin is preferably in its calcium trihydrate form.
- the invention comprises carrying out a granulation process activated by heating with fenofibrate and incorporating atorvastatin to carry out the manufacture without incorporating water and avoiding conditions that could affect the stability of this drug.
- the present invention solves a set of important technological challenges due to the physicochemical properties and the difference in doses to guarantee the obtaining of a stable product that would otherwise be impossible to obtain or formulate.
- composition of the present invention is also intended for the treatment and control of the group of conditions selected from: hyperlipidemia, hyperlipoproteinemia, hypercholesterolemia as well as the prevention and control of cardiovascular diseases such as hypertension, angina pectoris, heart attacks, aneurysms, regulation of blood concentration of LDL, HDL and triglycerides, among others References
- LIPITOR® atorvastatin calcium tablets
- Lipid metabolism regulator submission Control No: 237270. ⁇ Pfizer Ireland Pharmaceuticals Upjohn Canada ULC, Licensee ⁇ Upjohn Canada ULC, 2020. Date of Revision: April 30, 2020; page 27.
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Abstract
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Priority Applications (11)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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BR112023005247A BR112023005247A2 (pt) | 2020-09-29 | 2020-09-29 | Combinações farmacêuticas de estatinas e fibratos para o tratamento e prevenção da hiperlipidemia e doenças cardiovasculares |
PCT/MX2020/050034 WO2022071787A1 (es) | 2020-09-29 | 2020-09-29 | Combinaciones farmacéuticas de estatinas y fibratos para el tratamiento y prevención de hiperlipidemias y enfermedades cardiovasculares |
KR1020237014816A KR20230079187A (ko) | 2020-09-29 | 2020-09-29 | 고지혈증 및 심혈관 질환의 치료 및 예방을 위한 스타틴 및 피브레이트의 약학적 병용 |
CA3191478A CA3191478A1 (en) | 2020-09-29 | 2020-09-29 | Pharmaceutical combinations of statins and fibrates for the treatment and prevention of hyperlipidemias and cardiovascular disease |
JP2023518214A JP2023543565A (ja) | 2020-09-29 | 2020-09-29 | 脂質異常症及び心血管疾患の処置及び予防のためのスタチン類及びフィブラート類の薬学的配合物 |
PE2023000820A PE20240141A1 (es) | 2020-09-29 | 2020-09-29 | Combinaciones farmaceuticas de estatinas y fibratos para el tratamiento y prevencion de hiperlipidemias y enfermedades cardiovasculares |
MX2022015336A MX2022015336A (es) | 2020-09-29 | 2020-09-29 | Combinaciones farmaceuticas de estatinas y fibratos para el tratamiento y prevencion de hiperlipidemias y enfermedades cardiovasculares. |
EP20956398.0A EP4180036A4 (en) | 2020-09-29 | 2020-09-29 | PHARMACEUTICAL COMBINATIONS OF STATINS AND FIBRATES FOR THE TREATMENT AND PREVENTION OF HYPERLIPIDEMIA AND CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES |
US18/028,625 US20230355578A1 (en) | 2020-09-29 | 2020-09-29 | Pharmaceutical combinations of statins and fibrates for the treatment and prevention of hyperlipidemias and cardiovascular disease |
DO2023000043A DOP2023000043A (es) | 2020-09-29 | 2023-02-28 | Combinaciones farmacéuticas de estatinas y fibratos para el tratamiento y prevención de hiperlipidemias y enfermedades cardiovasculares |
CONC2023/0004367A CO2023004367A2 (es) | 2020-09-29 | 2023-04-05 | Combinaciones farmacéuticas de estatinas y fibratos para el tratamiento y prevención de hiperlipidemias y enfermedades cardiovasculares |
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PCT/MX2020/050034 WO2022071787A1 (es) | 2020-09-29 | 2020-09-29 | Combinaciones farmacéuticas de estatinas y fibratos para el tratamiento y prevención de hiperlipidemias y enfermedades cardiovasculares |
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US (1) | US20230355578A1 (es) |
EP (1) | EP4180036A4 (es) |
JP (1) | JP2023543565A (es) |
KR (1) | KR20230079187A (es) |
BR (1) | BR112023005247A2 (es) |
CA (1) | CA3191478A1 (es) |
CO (1) | CO2023004367A2 (es) |
DO (1) | DOP2023000043A (es) |
MX (1) | MX2022015336A (es) |
PE (1) | PE20240141A1 (es) |
WO (1) | WO2022071787A1 (es) |
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- 2020-09-29 MX MX2022015336A patent/MX2022015336A/es unknown
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MX2022015336A (es) | 2023-01-11 |
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