WO2022068460A1 - 公海铁联运装卸装置 - Google Patents

公海铁联运装卸装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022068460A1
WO2022068460A1 PCT/CN2021/113680 CN2021113680W WO2022068460A1 WO 2022068460 A1 WO2022068460 A1 WO 2022068460A1 CN 2021113680 W CN2021113680 W CN 2021113680W WO 2022068460 A1 WO2022068460 A1 WO 2022068460A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
side beam
upper side
lower side
loading
unloading device
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2021/113680
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
谢志勇
田德强
凌斌
王雨
尹辉
刘应均
方超
李军浩
眭维
黄武雄
唐玉平
吴湘南
Original Assignee
中车株洲车辆有限公司
中广核铀业物流(北京)有限公司
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Application filed by 中车株洲车辆有限公司, 中广核铀业物流(北京)有限公司 filed Critical 中车株洲车辆有限公司
Publication of WO2022068460A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022068460A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62B—HAND-PROPELLED VEHICLES, e.g. HAND CARTS OR PERAMBULATORS; SLEDGES
    • B62B3/00—Hand carts having more than one axis carrying transport wheels; Steering devices therefor; Equipment therefor
    • B62B3/002—Hand carts having more than one axis carrying transport wheels; Steering devices therefor; Equipment therefor characterised by a rectangular shape, involving sidewalls or racks
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62B—HAND-PROPELLED VEHICLES, e.g. HAND CARTS OR PERAMBULATORS; SLEDGES
    • B62B3/00—Hand carts having more than one axis carrying transport wheels; Steering devices therefor; Equipment therefor
    • B62B3/02—Hand carts having more than one axis carrying transport wheels; Steering devices therefor; Equipment therefor involving parts being adjustable, collapsible, attachable, detachable or convertible
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62B—HAND-PROPELLED VEHICLES, e.g. HAND CARTS OR PERAMBULATORS; SLEDGES
    • B62B3/00—Hand carts having more than one axis carrying transport wheels; Steering devices therefor; Equipment therefor
    • B62B3/04—Hand carts having more than one axis carrying transport wheels; Steering devices therefor; Equipment therefor involving means for grappling or securing in place objects to be carried; Loading or unloading equipment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62B—HAND-PROPELLED VEHICLES, e.g. HAND CARTS OR PERAMBULATORS; SLEDGES
    • B62B5/00—Accessories or details specially adapted for hand carts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62B—HAND-PROPELLED VEHICLES, e.g. HAND CARTS OR PERAMBULATORS; SLEDGES
    • B62B5/00—Accessories or details specially adapted for hand carts
    • B62B5/04—Braking mechanisms; Locking devices against movement
    • B62B5/0452—Braking mechanisms; Locking devices against movement by hydraulic means

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the technical field of hoisting and handling equipment, and in particular, to a loading and unloading device for combined transportation of high seas and railways.
  • the purpose of the present disclosure is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, and to provide a handling device with lateral width and height adjustment suitable for factory operations, so as to improve the passing performance of the handling device and better meet usage requirements.
  • a loading and unloading device for high sea-rail intermodal transportation which includes two sets of frames arranged opposite to each other, and the frames are mainly composed of a lower side beam, an upper side beam, and a vertical beam connecting the lower side beam and the upper side beam. It consists of a telescopic mechanism. A transverse telescopic mechanism is arranged between the upper side beams of the two groups of the frames. The bottom of the lower side beams is provided with a walking mechanism, so that the device can move on the road surface. The upper side beams are provided with lifting workpieces. Structure.
  • the lateral telescopic mechanism includes a telescopic beam and a beam guide sleeve that are sleeved together, the end of the telescopic beam is fixedly connected to one of the upper side beams, and the end of the beam guide sleeve is connected to the other side beam.
  • the upper side beam is fixedly connected, the telescopic beam can move relative to the beam guide sleeve, the lateral telescopic mechanism further includes a lateral telescopic cylinder, the bottom end of the lateral telescopic cylinder is connected to an upper side beam, and the piston rod The end is connected with the other said upper side beam.
  • two sets of the transverse telescopic mechanism are provided, which are respectively located at both ends of the upper side beam, and a connecting beam is also fixedly arranged between the two transverse beam guide sleeves.
  • the inner side of the upper side beam is provided with a lifting lug for lifting the workpiece.
  • the upper side beam is set to be wide in the middle and narrow at both ends
  • the lateral telescopic mechanism is installed on the narrow sections at both ends of the upper side beam
  • the vertical telescopic mechanism supports the upper side beam Wide section of side beam.
  • the vertical telescopic mechanism includes a socketed upright column and a vertical guide sleeve, the bottom end of the upright column is fixedly connected to the lower side beam, and the top end of the vertical guide sleeve is connected to the lower side beam.
  • the wide section of the upper side beam is fixedly connected, the column can move relative to the vertical guide sleeve, the vertical telescopic mechanism further includes a jacking hydraulic cylinder, the bottom end of the jacking hydraulic cylinder is connected to the lower side beam connected, and the end of the piston rod is connected with the upper side beam.
  • each group of the frames is provided with two sets of the vertical telescopic mechanisms
  • the connecting beams are also provided between the vertical guide sleeves of each group of the frames
  • each of the lower side beams is provided with the connecting beams.
  • the bottom end is also provided with two outrigger oil cylinders, and the end of the piston rod of the outrigger oil cylinder is provided with a bottom support seat that contacts the ground.
  • the running mechanism includes a wheel arranged at the end of the lower side beam, the wheel is arranged on a wheel support frame, and the top end of the wheel support frame and the lower side beam are slewing bearing
  • a hydraulic motor is arranged at the axle of the wheel, and the hydraulic motor is connected with the hydraulic station arranged on the lower side beam through a circuit.
  • the steering oil cylinder support on the lower side beam is hinged, the end of the piston rod is hinged with the wheel support frame, and the steering oil cylinder is eccentrically arranged relative to the slewing bearing.
  • the end of the lower side beam is further provided with an angle sensor, and the angle sensor detects the rotation angle of the inner and outer rings of the slewing bearing.
  • the signal of the angle sensor is fed back to the control system, and the control system controls the stroke of the steering cylinder to control the steering angle of the wheels.
  • the wheel support frame is further provided with a fender, and the fender is arranged around the upper half of the wheel, and the wheel adopts solid rubber tires.
  • the loading and unloading device for high sea-rail intermodal transportation is provided with a horizontal telescopic mechanism and a vertical telescopic mechanism, and the height and width of the device can be flexibly adjusted through the telescopic mechanism.
  • the width of the lateral telescopic mechanism control device is reduced to the corresponding size.
  • the width of the control device of the horizontal telescopic mechanism needs to be increased so that after the workpiece enters, the vertical telescopic mechanism drives the upper side beam to lift and lift the workpiece.
  • the passing performance and loading performance of the handling device are improved, and it can flexibly adapt to various plant environments and better meet the needs of use.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a loading and unloading device for high sea-rail intermodal transportation according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a loading and unloading device for high sea-rail intermodal transportation according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure (with hidden workpieces and spreaders).
  • FIG. 3 is a detailed schematic diagram of a moving mechanism of a loading and unloading device for high sea-rail intermodal transportation according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a loading and unloading device for high sea-rail intermodal transportation, including two sets of frames 1 arranged oppositely.
  • the vertical telescopic mechanism 4 of the upper side beam 3 is composed, and the horizontal telescopic mechanism 5 is arranged between the upper side beams 3 of the two groups of frames 1, and the bottom of the lower side beam 2 is provided with a walking mechanism 6, so that the device can move on the road surface , the upper side beam 3 is provided with a structure for lifting the workpiece 7 .
  • the horizontal telescopic mechanism 5 and the vertical telescopic mechanism 4 are in a retracted state. At this time, the device has the smallest height and width values and can pass through the narrow intersection smoothly.
  • the horizontal telescopic mechanism 5 is extended to increase the distance between the two upper side beams 3.
  • the traveling mechanisms 6 on both sides are respectively controlled by the steering cylinder to turn 90° inwardly to control the traveling mechanism. 6 are moved outwards, respectively, so that the width between the two frames 1 is increased, so that the device can be moved to the position where the workpiece 7 is located.
  • the workpiece 7 When the workpiece 7 is located in the centering position of the front, rear, left and right inside the device, after the bottom support base of the four outrigger cylinders 17 of the device is stably supported on the ground, the workpiece 7 is fixed to the upper side beam 3 by the hanger 13 for fixing the workpiece 7. Then, the upper side beam 3 is raised by the elongation of the vertical telescopic mechanism 4, so that the workpiece 7 is lifted to leave the ground, the workbench, etc. The unloading process of the workpiece 7 is opposite to the above, and will not be repeated here.
  • the horizontal telescopic mechanism 5 includes a telescopic beam 8 and a beam guide sleeve 9 that are sleeved together.
  • the end of the telescopic beam 8 is fixedly connected to an upper side beam 3
  • the beam guide sleeve 9 Its end is fixedly connected with another upper side beam 3 , and the telescopic beam 8 can move relative to the beam guide sleeve 9 to guide the relative movement of the upper side beam 3 , and can be driven by the transverse telescopic oil cylinder 10 .
  • the bottom end of the horizontal telescopic oil cylinder 10 is hinged with one upper side beam 3
  • the end of the piston rod is hinged with the other upper side beam 3 .
  • a connecting beam 11 can also be fixedly arranged between the other two beam guide sleeves 9. overall stability.
  • the inner side of the upper side beam 3 is provided with a lifting lug 12 for fixing the workpiece 7, and the workpiece 7 is lifted by means of hoisting.
  • a hanger 13 matching the workpiece 7 can be provided to lift the workpiece 7, and the hanger rod at the top of the hanger 13 is combined with the lifting lug 12, so that the work piece 7 can be hoisted on the device more stably.
  • the upper side beam 3 can be set to be wide in the middle and narrow at both ends, the lateral telescopic mechanism 5 can be installed on the narrow section of the upper side beam 3, and the vertical telescopic mechanism 4 supports the upper side beam 3, while saving materials and reducing weight, the middle part of the upper side beam 3 still retains sufficient bending strength.
  • the vertical telescopic mechanism 4 includes a column 14 and a vertical guide sleeve 15 that are sleeved together.
  • the bottom end of the column 14 is fixedly connected to the lower side beam 2
  • the top end of the vertical guide sleeve 15 is connected to the upper side beam 3 .
  • the wide section is fixedly connected, the column 14 can move relative to the vertical guide sleeve 15, and is driven by the jacking hydraulic cylinder 16 arranged on the lower side beam 2, wherein the bottom end of the jacking hydraulic cylinder 16 is hinged with the lower side beam 2, and the piston rod
  • the ends are hinged to the upper side beam 3 .
  • Each set of frames 1 is also provided with two sets of vertical telescopic mechanisms 4 to lift the upper side beams 3 in a balanced manner.
  • two outrigger cylinders 17 are arranged at the bottom end of each lower side beam 2 as retractable outriggers to increase the support area during lifting, compensate for the inclination and unevenness of the work site, and increase the anti-overturning stability of the device .
  • a total of four outrigger cylinders 17 are provided, which can be separated on the front, rear, left, and right sides.
  • the end of the piston rod of the outrigger cylinder 17 is provided with a bottom support seat in contact with the ground, which further improves the support stability.
  • the horizontal and vertical expansion and contraction of the hydraulic cylinder drive device, and the support of the bottom end are used.
  • the hydraulic cylinder has the characteristics of small size, light weight, large lifting capacity, simple installation, small footprint, high degree of automation, good synchronization, stable hoisting, safety and reliability, simple operation and maintenance, labor saving and time saving.
  • the pressure valve can be conveniently used to control the pressure of the system to prevent overload and avoid accidents.
  • bolts can be used between the upper side beam 3 and the vertical guide sleeve 15 and between the lower side beam 2 and the upright column 14 , and there are four lifting ears 12 , which can be welded on the upper side beam 3 .
  • the running mechanism 6 in this embodiment includes a wheel 18 arranged at the end of the lower side beam 2 , the wheel 18 is arranged on a wheel support frame 19 , and the top end of the wheel support frame 19 is connected to the lower side beam 2 .
  • the wheel support frame 19 Connected by the slewing bearing 20 , the wheel support frame 19 can rotate relative to the lower side member 2 to steer the wheels 18 .
  • a hydraulic motor 21 is provided at the axle of the wheel 18 , and the hydraulic motor 21 is associated with a hydraulic station 22 provided on the lower side member 2 through a circuit.
  • the traveling mechanism 6 can also include a steering cylinder 23, the bottom end of the steering cylinder 23 is hinged with the steering cylinder support on the lower side beam, the end of the piston rod is hinged with the wheel support frame 19, and the steering cylinder 23 is eccentric relative to the slewing bearing 20. It is provided that the rotation angle of the wheel 18 is controlled by the telescopic amount of the piston rod.
  • the hydraulic station 22 can be powered by a diesel engine with a power of 100KW, the diesel engine drives a double variable pump, the double variable pump converts the mechanical energy output by the diesel engine into the hydraulic energy of the oil, and the high-pressure oil directly drives the hydraulic motor through the circuit 21, thereby driving the device forward.
  • the speed reduction device can be omitted and directly connected to the driven wheel 18, the structure is compact and the installation is convenient.
  • the high-pressure oil can also be transported to each hydraulic cylinder through the telescopic cylinder circuit to control the expansion and contraction of the vertical telescopic mechanism 4, the horizontal telescopic mechanism 5 and the outrigger cylinder, and the steering of the wheels.
  • the end of the lower side member 2 is further provided with an angle sensor 24 for detecting the rotation angle of the inner and outer rings of the slewing bearing 20 , so as to confirm the rotation angle of the wheel 18 .
  • the four wheels 18 are equipped with hydraulic motors 21 and steering cylinders 23.
  • the maximum turning angle of each wheel 18 is set to 25° when running, and each wheel 18 can be turned inward at a maximum of 90° when the width is adjusted.
  • the signal of the angle sensor 24 on the wheel support frame 19 is fed back to the control system, and the piston rod of the steering oil cylinder 23 is controlled by PLC to expand and contract the corresponding length to adjust the rotation angle of the wheel 18 .
  • the wheel support frame 19 is further provided with a fender 25, and the fender 25 is arranged around the upper half of the wheel 18, and the wheel 18 adopts a solid rubber tire.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Leg Units, Guards, And Driving Tracks Of Cranes (AREA)

Abstract

一种公海铁联运装卸装置，包括相对设置的两组框架（1），框架（1）主要由下侧梁（2）、上侧梁（3）以及连接下侧梁（2）与上侧梁（3）的竖直伸缩机构（4）组成，两组框架（1）的上侧梁（3）之间设置有横向伸缩机构（5），下侧梁（2）的底部设置有走行机构（6），使装置可以在路面移动，上侧梁（3）设置有顶升工件（7）的结构。

Description

公海铁联运装卸装置
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求于2020年9月29日提交、申请号为202011051484.4且名称为“公海铁联运装卸装置”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用合并于此。
技术领域
本公开涉及起重搬运设备技术领域，特别涉及一种公海铁联运装卸装置。
背景技术
工业生产中通常需要将压力容器等大型工件在厂区内转运，现有技术中主要通过专用的、移动式的搬运装置将工件装卸并在厂区内移动。由于大型工件具有较大的宽度和高度尺寸，因此其配套的搬运装置也需对应的宽度和高度尺寸，导致其难以通过一些较狭窄的路口、库房入口、货轮通道等。而搬运装置在实际使用时，其空载状态下有通过狭窄口的需求，例如空载进入某库房，要求搬运装置具有横向宽度及高度调整的功能，以灵活适应各类厂区环境，满足使用需求。现有技术中暂未发现上述适用于厂区作业的、具有横向宽度及高度调整的搬运装置。
发明内容
本公开的目的是为了克服现有技术的不足，提供一种适用于厂区作业的、具有横向宽度及高度调整的搬运装置，以改善搬运装置的通过性能，更好地满足使用需求。
依据本公开内容提供了一种公海铁联运装卸装置，包括相对设置的两组框架，所述框架主要由下侧梁、上侧梁以及连接所述下侧梁与所述上侧梁的竖直伸缩机构组成，两组所述框架的上侧梁之间设置有横向伸缩机构，所述下侧梁的底部设置有走行机构，使装置可以在路面移动，所述上侧梁设置有顶升工件的结构。
在一些实施方式中，所述横向伸缩机构包括套接设置的伸缩横梁和横梁导套，所述伸缩横梁的端部与其一所述上侧梁固定连接，所述横梁导套的端部与另一所述上侧梁固定连接，所述伸缩横梁可相对所述横梁导套移动，所述横向伸缩机构还包括横向伸缩缸，所述横向伸缩缸的底端与其一上侧梁连接，活塞杆端部与另一所述上侧梁连接。
在一些实施方式中，所述横向伸缩机构设置两组，分别位于所述上侧梁的两端位置，两个所述横梁导套之间还固定设置有一连接梁。
在一些实施方式中，所述上侧梁的内侧设置有顶升工件的吊耳。
在一些实施方式中，所述上侧梁设置为中间宽、两端窄的形式，所述横向伸缩机构安装在所述上侧梁的两端窄段，所述竖直伸缩机构支撑所述上侧梁的宽段。
在一些实施方式中，所述竖直伸缩机构包括套接设置的立柱和竖直导套，所述立柱的底端与所述下侧梁固定连接，所述竖直导套的顶端与所述上侧梁的宽段固定连接，所述立柱可相对所述竖直导套移动，所述竖直伸缩机构还包括顶升液压缸，所述顶升液压缸的底端与所述下侧梁连接，活塞杆端部与所述上侧梁连接。
在一些实施方式中，每组所述框架均设置两套所述竖直伸缩机构，每组所述框架的竖直导套之间也设置有所述连接梁，每个所述下侧梁的底端还设置有两个支腿油缸，所述支腿油缸的活塞杆端部设置与地面接触的底支撑座。
在一些实施方式中，所述走行机构包括设置在所述下侧梁端部的车轮，所述车轮设置在一车轮支撑架上，所述车轮支撑架的顶端与所述下侧梁通过回转支承连接，所述车轮的轮轴处设置有液压马达，所述液压马达与设置在下侧梁上的液压站通过回路关联，所述走行机构还包括一转向油缸，所述转向油缸的底端与所述下侧梁上的转向油缸支座铰接，活塞杆端部与所述车轮支撑架铰接，且所述转向油缸相对于所述回转支承偏心设置。
在一些实施方式中，所述下侧梁的端部还设置有角度传感器，所述角度传感器检测所述回转支承的内外圈转角。角度传感器的信号反馈给控制系统，控制系统控制转向油缸的行程从而控制车轮的转向角度。
在一些实施方式中，所述车轮支撑架上还设置有挡泥板，所述挡泥板环绕所述车轮的上半部设置，所述车轮采用实心橡胶轮胎。
依据本公开内容的一些实施方式的公海铁联运装卸装置，设置有横向伸缩机构和竖直伸缩机构，装置的高度和宽度可通过伸缩机构灵活调整。当通过狭窄的路口时，横向伸缩机构控制装置宽度减小到对应尺寸。需要将工件装运时横向伸缩机构控制装置宽度增加使工件进入后，竖直伸缩机构驱动上侧梁起吊、抬升工件。改善了搬运装置的通过性能和装载性能，可灵活适应各类厂区环境，更好地满足使用需求。
附图说明
图1为根据本公开的一个或多个实施方式的公海铁联运装卸装置的整体结构示意图。
图2为根据本公开的一个或多个实施方式的公海铁联运装卸装置的整体结构示意图(隐藏工件和吊具)。
图3为根据本公开的一个或多个实施方式的公海铁联运装卸装置的移动机构细节示意图。
【附图标记说明】
1-框架；2-下侧梁；3-上侧梁；4-竖直伸缩机构；5-横向伸缩机构；6-走行机构；7-工件；8-伸缩横梁；9-横梁导套；10-横向伸缩油缸；11-连接梁；12-吊耳；13-吊具；14-立柱；15-竖直导套；16-顶升液压缸；17-支腿油缸；18-车轮；19-车轮支撑架；20-回转支承；21-液压马达；22-液压站；23-转向油缸；24-角度传感器；25-挡泥板。
具体实施方式
为使本公开要解决的技术问题、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合附图及具体实施例进行详细描述。显然，所描述的实施例是本公开一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本公开中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本公开保护的范围。
如图1所示，本公开的实施例提供了一种公海铁联运装卸装置，包括相对设置的两组框架1，框架1主要由下侧梁2、上侧梁3以及连接下侧梁2与上侧梁3的竖直伸缩机构4组成，同时两组框架1的上侧梁3之间设置有横向伸缩机构5，且下侧梁2的底部设置有走行机构6，使装置可以在路面移动，上侧梁3设置有顶升工件7的结构。
当装置在空载状态下移动时，横向伸缩机构5以及竖直伸缩机构4为收缩状态，此时装置具有最小的高度和宽度值，能顺利通过狭窄路口。而当装置需要装载工件7时，横向伸缩机构5伸长使两上侧梁3之间的距离拉大，此时两侧的走行机构6分别由转向油缸控制向内侧转向90°，控制走行机构6分别向外移动，使两框架1之间的宽度增大，从而可以让该装置移动到工件7所处的位置。当工件7位于装置内部前后左右对中位置时，装置的四个支腿油缸17的底支撑座稳定支撑在地面后，由固定工件7的吊具13将工件7与上侧梁3固接，再通过竖直伸缩机构4的伸长驱动上侧梁3高度抬升，从而将工件7抬起，使之离开地面、工作台等，工件7的卸载过程与上述相反，此处不再赘述。
同时，如图2所示，在本实施例中横向伸缩机构5包括套接设置的伸缩横梁8和横梁导套9，伸缩横梁8的端部与其一上侧梁3固定连接，横梁导套9的端部与另一上侧梁3固定连接，伸缩横梁8可相对横梁导套9移动，对上侧梁3的相对移动进行导向，可由横向伸缩油缸10驱动。在一些实施方式中，横向伸缩油缸10的底端与其一上侧梁3铰接，活塞杆端部与另一上侧梁3铰接。横向伸缩机构5设置两组，可分别位于上侧梁3的两端位置，另外两个横梁导套9之间还可固定设置一连接梁11，通过连接梁11进一步提升横向伸缩机构5之间的整体稳定性。
在本实施例中，上侧梁3的内侧设置有固定工件7的吊耳12，通过吊装的方式抬升工件7。可设置与工件7配套的吊具13将工件7抬升，由吊具13顶端的吊杆与吊耳12组合，使工件7能更稳定地吊装在装置上。
作为改进，在另一些实施例中，上侧梁3可设置为中间宽、两端窄的形式，横向伸缩机构5可安装在上侧梁3的窄段，竖直伸缩机构4支撑上侧梁3的宽段，在节省用料、降低重量的同时，上侧梁3的中部仍保留了足够 的弯曲强度。
在本实施例中，竖直伸缩机构4包括套接设置的立柱14和竖直导套15，立柱14的底端与下侧梁2固定连接，竖直导套15的顶端与上侧梁3的宽段固定连接，立柱14可相对竖直导套15移动，通过设置在下侧梁2上的顶升液压缸16驱动，其中顶升液压缸16的底端与下侧梁2铰接，活塞杆端部与上侧梁3铰接。每组框架1同样设置两套竖直伸缩机构4，以对上侧梁3平衡地进行顶升。另外，每个下侧梁2的底端设置两个支腿油缸17，作为可收放的支腿，增加起吊时的支撑面积，补偿作业场地的倾斜和不平，增大装置的抗倾覆稳定性。本实施例中共设置四个支腿油缸17，可前后左右两侧分置，同时支腿油缸17的活塞杆端部设置有与地面接触的底支撑座，进一步提升支撑稳定性。
在一些实施例中，均采用液压油缸驱动装置横向和竖直方向的伸缩，以及底端的支撑。液压油缸具有体积小、重量轻、起重能力大、安装简捷、占用场地小、自动化程度高、同步性好、吊装平稳、安全可靠、操作维护简单、省工省时等特点，在液压传动中可以方便地用压力阀来控制系统的压力，从而防止过载，避免事故的发生。
在一些实施例中，上侧梁3与竖直导套15之间、下侧梁2与立柱14之间均可采用螺栓连接，吊耳12设置四个，均可焊接在上侧梁3上。
同时，如图3所示，本实施例中的走行机构6包括设置在下侧梁2端部的车轮18，车轮18设置在一车轮支撑架19上，车轮支撑架19的顶端与下侧梁2通过回转支承20连接，车轮支撑架19可相对下侧梁2旋转使车轮18转向。车轮18的轮轴处设置有液压马达21，液压马达21与设置在下侧梁2上的液压站22通过回路关联。走行机构6还可包括一转向油缸23，转向油缸23的底端与下侧梁上的转向油缸支座铰接，活塞杆端部与车轮支撑架19铰接，且转向油缸23相对于回转支承20偏心设置，由活塞杆的伸缩量控制车轮18的转角。
在一些实施方式中，液压站22可由功率100KW的柴油机提供动力，柴油机驱动双联变量泵，双联变量泵将柴油机输出的机械能转化为油液的液压能，高压油液通过回路直接驱动液压马达21，从而驱使装置前行。采用轮 边液压马达21驱动，可省去减速装置而直接与被驱动的车轮18相连接，结构紧凑、安装方便。另外，高压油液还可通过伸缩油缸回路输送至各液压油缸，控制竖直伸缩机构4、横向伸缩机构5和支腿油缸的伸缩、车轮转向等。
在一些实施例中，下侧梁2的端部还设置有角度传感器24，用于检测回转支承20的内外圈转角，从而确认车轮18的转角。四个车轮18均装有液压马达21和转向油缸23，走行时每个车轮18的最大转角设置为25°，进行宽度调整时每个车轮18向内最大可转向90°。车轮支撑架19上的角度传感器24的信号反馈给控制系统，通过PLC控制转向油缸23的活塞杆伸缩相应的长度，调整车轮18转角。
在一些实施例中，车轮支撑架19上还设置有挡泥板25，挡泥板25环绕车轮18的上半部设置，车轮18采用实心橡胶轮胎。
以上所述是本公开的优选实施方式，应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本公开所述原理的前提下，还可以作出若干改进和润饰，这些改进和润饰也应视为本公开的保护范围。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种公海铁联运装卸装置，包括相对设置的两组框架，所述框架主要由下侧梁、上侧梁以及连接所述下侧梁与所述上侧梁的竖直伸缩机构组成，两组所述框架的上侧梁之间设置有横向伸缩机构，所述下侧梁的底部设置有走行机构，使装置可以在路面移动，所述上侧梁设置有顶升工件的结构。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的公海铁联运装卸装置，其中，所述横向伸缩机构包括套接设置的伸缩横梁和横梁导套，所述伸缩横梁的端部与其一所述上侧梁固定连接，所述横梁导套的端部与另一所述上侧梁固定连接，所述伸缩横梁可相对所述横梁导套移动，所述横向伸缩机构还包括横向伸缩缸，所述横向伸缩缸的底端与其一上侧梁连接，活塞杆端部与另一所述上侧梁连接。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的公海铁联运装卸装置，其中，所述横向伸缩机构设置两组，分别位于所述上侧梁的两端位置，两个所述横梁导套之间还固定设置有一连接梁。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的公海铁联运装卸装置，其中，所述上侧梁的内侧设置有顶升工件的吊耳。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的公海铁联运装卸装置，其中，所述上侧梁设置为中间宽、两端窄的形式，所述横向伸缩机构安装在所述上侧梁的两端窄段，所述竖直伸缩机构支撑所述上侧梁的宽段。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的公海铁联运装卸装置，其中，所述竖直伸缩机构包括套接设置的立柱和竖直导套，所述立柱的底端与所述下侧梁固定连接，所述竖直导套的顶端与所述上侧梁的宽段固定连接，所述立柱可相对所述竖直导套移动，所述竖直伸缩机构还包括顶升液压缸，所述顶升液压缸的底端与所述下侧梁连接，活塞杆端部与所述上侧梁连接。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的公海铁联运装卸装置，其中，每组所述框架均设置两套所述竖直伸缩机构，每组所述框架的竖直导套之间也设置有所述连接梁，每个所述下侧梁的底端还设置有两个支腿油缸，所述支腿油缸的活塞杆端部设置与地面接触的底支撑座。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的公海铁联运装卸装置，其中，所述走行机构包 括设置在所述下侧梁端部的车轮，所述车轮设置在一车轮支撑架上，所述车轮支撑架的顶端与所述下侧梁通过回转支承连接，所述车轮的轮轴处设置有液压马达，所述液压马达与设置在下侧梁上的液压站通过回路关联，所述移动机构还包括一转向油缸，所述转向油缸的底端与所述下侧梁上的转向油缸支座铰接，活塞杆端部与所述车轮支撑架铰接，且所述转向油缸相对于所述回转支承偏心设置。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的公海铁联运装卸装置，其中，所述下侧梁的端部还设置有角度传感器，所述角度传感器检测所述回转支承的内外圈转角。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的公海铁联运装卸装置，其中，所述车轮支撑架上还设置有挡泥板，所述挡泥板环绕所述车轮的上半部设置，所述车轮采用实心橡胶轮胎。
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