WO2022059524A1 - 測光装置 - Google Patents
測光装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022059524A1 WO2022059524A1 PCT/JP2021/032456 JP2021032456W WO2022059524A1 WO 2022059524 A1 WO2022059524 A1 WO 2022059524A1 JP 2021032456 W JP2021032456 W JP 2021032456W WO 2022059524 A1 WO2022059524 A1 WO 2022059524A1
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- Prior art keywords
- light
- guide member
- light guide
- light receiving
- branch
- Prior art date
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Images
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J1/00—Photometry, e.g. photographic exposure meter
- G01J1/02—Details
- G01J1/04—Optical or mechanical part supplementary adjustable parts
- G01J1/0407—Optical elements not provided otherwise, e.g. manifolds, windows, holograms, gratings
- G01J1/0425—Optical elements not provided otherwise, e.g. manifolds, windows, holograms, gratings using optical fibers
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J1/00—Photometry, e.g. photographic exposure meter
- G01J1/02—Details
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J1/00—Photometry, e.g. photographic exposure meter
- G01J1/42—Photometry, e.g. photographic exposure meter using electric radiation detectors
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
- G01J3/02—Details
- G01J3/0205—Optical elements not provided otherwise, e.g. optical manifolds, diffusers, windows
- G01J3/0218—Optical elements not provided otherwise, e.g. optical manifolds, diffusers, windows using optical fibers
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
- G01J3/46—Measurement of colour; Colour measuring devices, e.g. colorimeters
- G01J3/50—Measurement of colour; Colour measuring devices, e.g. colorimeters using electric radiation detectors
- G01J3/502—Measurement of colour; Colour measuring devices, e.g. colorimeters using electric radiation detectors using a dispersive element, e.g. grating, prism
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
- G01J3/46—Measurement of colour; Colour measuring devices, e.g. colorimeters
- G01J3/50—Measurement of colour; Colour measuring devices, e.g. colorimeters using electric radiation detectors
- G01J3/51—Measurement of colour; Colour measuring devices, e.g. colorimeters using electric radiation detectors using colour filters
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
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- G02B6/28—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a photometric device for measuring the characteristics of a light source to be measured, and more particularly to a photometric device such as a color luminance meter for measuring the brightness and chromaticity of light emitted from the light source to be measured.
- a photometric device such as a color luminance meter
- the measured light is divided into three and received by each sensor.
- a means for dividing the measurement light into three for example, in Patent Document 1, a plurality of fiber strands are bundled, light emitted from an objective optical system is incident on one end side, and a plurality of fiber strands are incident on the other end side. Bundled fibers in which the wires are split are disclosed. Each of the other ends of the bundled fiber is provided with a plurality of color measurement optical systems for detecting the emitted light from the other end of the bundle fiber.
- Patent Document 2 the applicant proposed a photometric device that divides the measurement light into a plurality of pieces and receives the light received by each sensor by using the optical path branching by the light guide member and the relay optical system. Specifically, a light beam whose position unevenness and angle unevenness of the object to be measured are made uniform by a light guide member is applied to a plurality of light receiving sensors by using a relay optical system.
- the photometric device in the color measurement by the photometric device, the photometric device is brought into contact with or non-contacting the measured surface of the object to be measured (measured light source), and is emitted from a predetermined region of the measured surface in a predetermined angle range. This is done by receiving the light received by a photometric device. At this time, if there is unevenness (positional unevenness, angle unevenness) due to the light emitting position and the light emitting angle in the light emitting intensity (light emitting brightness) of the surface to be measured, the photometric device side is also affected by the unevenness (positional unevenness, angle unevenness).
- the positional unevenness of the measurement sensitivity means that the measurement sensitivity is different for each light emitted in the same direction (for example, the direction perpendicular to the above surface) from different positions of the measured surface of the light source to be measured.
- the angular unevenness of the measurement sensitivity means that the measurement sensitivity is different for each light emitted from the same position on the surface to be measured of the light source to be measured in different directions.
- the position of the measurement sensitivity is less affected by the position unevenness and the angle unevenness of the emission intensity of the light source to be measured. It is necessary to reduce unevenness and angle unevenness.
- the measured light is guided by using a light guide body in which a large number of fibers are bundled, but each fiber is randomly woven in order to reduce unevenness in the amount of light and reduce the measurement error. It is necessary and expensive.
- a light guide body in which a large number of fibers are bundled, but each fiber is randomly woven in order to reduce unevenness in the amount of light and reduce the measurement error. It is necessary and expensive.
- it is difficult to control the filling condition of the fiber, the bending state, the stress state, etc. it is difficult to design a light guide body that is less susceptible to the influence of the position unevenness and the angle unevenness of the emission intensity of the light source to be measured. As a result, there is a problem that it becomes difficult to reduce the positional unevenness and the angle unevenness of the measurement sensitivity.
- the photometric device proposed in Patent Document 2 when the luminous flux emitted from the emission end of the light guide member is irradiated to the irradiation range R by the relay optical system, the irradiation range of the light receiving sensor installed in the irradiation range R The area ratio to R is about 10% per light receiving sensor. Therefore, if there are four light receiving sensors, the total is 40%, and about 60% of the luminous flux irradiated to the irradiation range R is wasted, so that there is a problem that the light efficiency is not good.
- the present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and an object of the present invention is to reduce positional unevenness and angular unevenness of measurement sensitivity by a configuration using an inexpensive light guide member, and to obtain optical efficiency. It is to provide a good photometric device.
- a light guide member having a circular or polygonal cross section, an objective optical system that collects light flux from the light guide member on the light incident side end face of the light guide member, and light emission from the light emission side end face of the light guide member.
- a branch portion provided with a plurality of branch members each consisting of a single member that splits and guides the light beam to a plurality of pieces, and receives light emitted from each of the plurality of branch members in the branch portion, and 2
- a photometric device equipped with multiple light receiving sensors for obtaining data of different characteristics over different types.
- the photometric device according to item 1 above, wherein the objective optical system has a conjugate relationship between the object to be measured and the end face on the light incident side of the light guide member.
- the plurality of light receiving sensors include a light receiving sensor for obtaining light receiving data close to the color matching function XYZ.
- the plurality of light receiving sensors include a light receiving sensor for obtaining spectral data.
- the plurality of light receiving sensors include a light receiving sensor of an external measuring device that receives light from the branch member via an optical connector, and the external measuring device can be attached to and detached from the branch member.
- the photometric device according to any one of the above items 1 to 4, wherein any external measuring instrument selected by the user from a plurality of external measuring instruments having different light receiving characteristics of the light receiving sensor is connected to the branch member.
- the plurality of branch members are each formed of an optical fiber.
- the light measuring device according to item 6 above, wherein the optical fiber is made of resin.
- the photometric device according to any one of items 1 to 7 above, wherein the light guide member is a polygonal prism or a polygonal frustum.
- the light measuring device according to any one of items 1 to 8 above, wherein the light guide member and a plurality of branch members are connected without passing through an air layer.
- the light measuring device according to any one of items 1 to 8 above, wherein the light guide member and a plurality of branch members have an integrated structure.
- the light flux from the object to be measured is collected by the objective optical system on the light incident side end face of the light guide member, and is incident on the light guide member from the light incident side end face. Since the light guide member has a circular or polygonal cross section, the light guide member has a simpler structure and is cheaper than a conventional light guide body in which a plurality of fibers are randomly woven to guide the light guide member. Further, the light from the light source to be measured incident on the light guide member is totally reflected on the side surface of the light guide member (the surface other than the light incident side end face and the light emission side end face) as many times as the number of times according to the incident angle to the light guide member.
- the light is guided to reach the light emitting side end face of the light emitting member, and is emitted from the light emitting side end face to be branched into a plurality of branching members composed of a single member. Then, the emitted light from each of the plurality of branch members is received by a plurality of light receiving sensors for obtaining data having two or more different characteristics.
- each sensor of the light receiving unit receives light that is a mixture of light emitted from various positions of the measured surface of the light source to be measured and light emitted from the surface to be measured at various angles. ..
- the emission intensity (emission brightness) of the surface to be measured of the light source to be measured has uneven position and angle, it is possible to make it less likely to be affected by the unevenness on the light receiving portion side, and thereby the position unevenness of the measurement sensitivity. And it is possible to reduce the angle unevenness.
- the luminous flux emitted from the light emitting side end surface of the light guide member is branched by a plurality of branch members and guided to each light receiving sensor, the light emitted from the branched member is used without waste by each light receiving sensor. be able to. Therefore, the luminous efficiency can be improved as compared with the case where the light beam emitted from the light emitting side end surface of the light guide member is irradiated by the relay optical system and received by the light receiving sensor.
- the objective optical system since the objective optical system has a conjugate relationship between the object to be measured and the end surface of the light guide member on the light incident side, the positional unevenness of the emission intensity of the surface to be measured of the light source to be measured is uneven. And the angle unevenness can be reduced.
- the external measuring instrument can be used by causing the light receiving sensor of the external measuring instrument to receive light from the branch member via the optical connector, and the light receiving sensor can be used.
- the user can select and use any measuring instrument from a plurality of external measuring instruments having different light receiving characteristics.
- a plurality of branch members can be easily formed by optical fibers.
- the optical fiber since the optical fiber is made of resin, it can enjoy advantages such as ease of bending, low cost, and abundant types.
- the light guide member is a polygonal prism or a polygonal frustum, the light emitted from various positions of the measured surface of the measured light source and various angles from the measured surface.
- the light emitted from the above can be efficiently mixed.
- the branch portion of the light reaching the light emitting side end of the light guide member in a state where the light amount loss is suppressed. Can be branched to.
- FIG. 2 is a plan view schematically showing a state when the light incident side end surface of the light guide member of FIG. 2A is viewed from the measurement range regulation diaphragm side.
- (A) to (C) are explanatory views which show the structural example of the light guide member and the branch member.
- FIG. 8 is an enlarged view of a connection portion between a branch member and a light receiving sensor in FIG. It is an enlarged view which shows the other structure of the connection part of a branch member and a light receiving sensor. It is a top view which shows the structure of a light receiving part.
- FIG. 12 It is sectional drawing which shows the structure of a light receiving part. It is sectional drawing which shows the part of FIG. 12 enlarged.
- (A) and (B) are explanatory views for explaining how the light incident on the light guide member is reflected and emitted in the light guide member. It is explanatory drawing of the incident light to a light guide member when there is no rear lens system. It is explanatory drawing of the incident light to a light guide member when there is a rear lens system. It is explanatory drawing which shows typically the optical path of the light beam which is guided inside the light guide member 2. It is explanatory drawing which developed and showed the optical path of the light beam guided inside the light guide member of FIG. 2D.
- FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing a schematic configuration of the photometric device 1 of the present embodiment.
- the photometric device 1 includes a light guide member 2, an objective optical system 3, a branch portion 4, and a light receiving portion 5.
- the light emitted from the measured surface LS0 of the light source LS to be measured is guided to the light guide member 2 via the objective optical system 3 and guided inside the light guide member 2.
- FIG. 2A is a perspective view showing a configuration example of the light guide member 2.
- the light guide member 2 is an optical element having a light incident side end surface 2a and a light emitting side end surface 2b, guiding light incident inside from the light incident side end surface 2a and emitting light from the light emitting side end surface 2b.
- it is composed of a solid (filled) rod made of glass, but it may be hollow (empty).
- the light guide member 2 has the shape of a quadrangular prism (for example, a square) having the same cross section from the light incident side end surface 2a to the light emission side end surface 2b. Not limited.
- FIG. 2B is a perspective view showing another configuration example of the light guide member 2.
- FIG. 2C is a perspective view showing still another configuration example of the light guide member 2.
- the light guide member 2 has a triangular pillar shape in which the cross section is a triangle (for example, a regular triangle) having the same cross section from the light incident side end surface 2a to the light emission side end surface 2b, and the light incident.
- the cross section may be a hexagon having the same size (for example, a regular hexagon) in the shape of a hexagonal column. That is, the light guide member 2 may have the shape of a polygonal prism having a polygonal cross section of the same size from the light incident side end surface 2a to the light emission side end surface 2b.
- FIG. 2D is a perspective view showing still another configuration example of the light guide member 2.
- the light guide member 2 may have a quadrangular pyramid shape in which the light incident side end surface 2a and the light emitting side end surface 2b have different sizes and the cross section is also a quadrangle.
- the shape of the triangular pyramid which is a triangle with different sizes of the light incident side end face 2a and the light emitting side end face 2b and the cross section is also triangular, and the light incident side end face 2a and the light emitting side end face 2b are different. It may be in the shape of a hexagonal cone with a hexagonal size and a hexagonal cross section. That is, the light guide member 2 may have a polygonal pyramid shape in which the light incident side end face 2a and the light emitting side end face 2b are polygonal in different sizes and the cross section is also polygonal.
- the light guide member 2 may have a cylindrical shape having a circular cross section (including an ellipse) having the same cross section from the light incident side end face 2a to the light emitting side end face 2b.
- the shape of the truncated cone may be such that the end face 2a on the light incident side and the end face 2b on the light emitting side are circular (including an ellipse) having different sizes and the cross section is also circular (including an ellipse).
- the light incident on the inside of the light guide member 2 having such a configuration through the light incident side end surface 2a is the number of times corresponding to the incident angle with respect to the light incident side end surface 2a on the side surface 2c (light guide member) of the light guide member 2. It is totally reflected at the interface with air in 2) and guided, and is emitted from the light emitting side end surface 2b.
- the side surface 2c is a surface that connects the light incident side end surface 2a and the light emission side end surface 2b.
- the light is emitted inside the light guide member 2.
- the light After being incident through the incident side end surface 2a, the light is guided by the side surface 2c without being totally reflected and is emitted from the light emitting side end surface 2b. Therefore, the above-mentioned "number of times according to the incident angle" includes 0 times.
- the light guide member 2 may be composed of, for example, a hollow pipe (light pipe) having a circular or polygonal cross section. In this case, by forming a reflective film made of metal on the inner surface of the pipe, the light incident on the light guide member 2 can be reflected by the inner surface (reflection film) to guide the light. Further, the material constituting the light guide member 2 may be glass or a transparent resin such as acrylic. (Objective optical system)
- the objective optical system 3 is an optical system that reduces and forms an image of the light source LS to be measured on the light incident side end surface 2a of the light guide member 2.
- the objective optical system 3 includes a front lens system 31 located on the light source LS side to be measured, a rear lens system 32 located on the light guide member 2, and a spread of light emitted from one point of the light source LS to be measured. It is configured to have an aperture AP1 (measurement angle restriction aperture) that regulates an angle and an aperture AP2 (measurement range regulation aperture, field aperture) that regulates the measurement range of the light source LS to be measured.
- aperture AP1 measurement angle restriction aperture
- AP2 measurement range regulation aperture, field aperture
- the measured surface LS0 of the measured light source LS and the light incident side end surface 2a of the light guide member 2 have a conjugate relationship. That is, the light emitted from a certain point on the measured surface LS0 of the measured light source LS is focused on a certain point on the light incident side end surface 2a of the light guide member 2.
- the front lens system 31 is composed of two lenses
- the rear lens system 32 is composed of three lenses.
- the number of lenses in the front lens system 31 and the rear lens system 32 is not particularly limited.
- the aperture AP1 is arranged at the posterior focal position of the anterior lens system 31.
- Each point in the plane of the aperture AP1 (opening) corresponds to the emission angle of light on the measured surface LS0 of the measured light source LS.
- the aperture AP1 By arranging the aperture AP1, it is possible to appropriately regulate the measurement angle (emission angle) of the light emitted from the surface to be measured LS0 without excess or deficiency, and to measure only the light in the angle range to be measured.
- the shape of the opening of the aperture AP1 is circular, but it may be rectangular or another shape.
- the diaphragm AP2 is arranged immediately before the light incident side end surface 2a of the light guide member 2. Each point in the plane of the aperture AP2 (opening) corresponds to each point on the measured surface LS0 of the measured light source LS.
- the measurement range (measurement area) of the light source to be measured LS can be appropriately regulated without excess or deficiency, and only the light in the range to be measured can be measured.
- FIG. 3 schematically shows a state when the light incident side end surface 2a of the light guide member 2 of FIG. 2A is stopped down and viewed from the AP2 side.
- the opening AP2a of the aperture AP2 is circular, and its diameter is set to be slightly smaller than the diameter of the inscribed circle of the light incident side end face 2a of the light guide member 2.
- the opening AP2a of the aperture AP2 may have a rectangular shape or another shape. It is also possible to omit the arrangement of the aperture AP2.
- the measurement range of the measured surface LS0 of the measured light source LS is similar to the shape of the light incident side end surface 2a of the light guide member 2.
- the branch portion 4 is a spectroscopic optical system that guides the light emitted from the light emitting side end surface 2b of the light guide member 2 to the light receiving unit 5, and is composed of a plurality of branch members 41.
- each branch member 41 is composed of, but not limited to, an optical fiber.
- the material constituting the optical fiber may be glass or a transparent resin such as acrylic, but it is made of resin from the viewpoints of being easily bent into a desired shape, being inexpensive, and having a wide variety of types. Optical fiber is desirable.
- the cross-sectional shape of the branch member 41 may be circular (including an elliptical shape) or polygonal.
- each branch member 41 on the light guide member 2 side may be arranged close to the light emitting side end face 2b of the light guide member 2 via an air layer, but may be bonded or fused without passing through the air layer. It may be connected by the joining method of. If an air layer exists between the light guide member 2 and the branch member 41, a light amount loss occurs due to surface reflection. The light amount loss is about 4% each on the light emitting side end surface 2b of the light guide member 2 and the surface of the branch member 41 facing this surface, and is about 8% in total. When there is no air layer, the light loss is almost zero.
- the light guide member 2 and the branch member 41 are separated from each other, the light guide member 2 and each branch member 41 are likely to be displaced due to the operating environment temperature, vibration, or the like, and the amount of light is likely to change. It is desirable that the light guide member 2 and the branch member 41 are joined without passing through an air layer.
- FIGS. 4A to 4C show an example of the light guide member 2 and the branch portion 4.
- the light guide member 2 is composed of a solid triangular prism having an equilateral cross section, and three optical fiber branches are formed on the light emitting side end surface 2b of the light guide member 2.
- the ends of the member 41 are joined and connected by adhesion, fusion, or the like.
- the relationship between the light incident side end surface 2a of the light guide member 2 and the diaphragm AP2 as shown in FIG. It is set to be about the same as or slightly smaller than the inscribed circle of the regular triangle shape of the incident side end face 2a.
- the length of one side of the light guide member 2 is 2.8 mm, and the diameter of the opening AP2a of the aperture AP2 is 1.5 mm.
- the branch member 41 is an optical fiber having a diameter of 1 mm
- the three branch members are shown in FIG. 4 (C).
- the 41 can be arranged so as to fit within the range of the light emitting side end surface 2b of the equilateral triangle of the light guide member 2.
- the present embodiment since the present embodiment has a simpler configuration than the 3-branch bundle fiber type, it is inexpensive and has stable optical characteristics (less variation due to objects).
- the light guide member 2 is composed of a solid regular quadrangular prism having a square cross section, and four optical fiber branches are formed on the light emitting side end surface 2b of the light guide member 2.
- the ends of the member 41 are joined and connected by adhesion, fusion, or the like.
- the relationship between the light incident side end surface 2a of the light guide member 2 and the diaphragm AP2 as shown in FIG. It is set to be about the same as or slightly smaller than the square inscribed circle of the incident side end face 2a.
- the length of one side of the light guide member 2 is 1.5 mm, and the diameter of the opening AP2a of the aperture AP2 is also 1.5 mm.
- the branch member 41 is an optical fiber having a diameter of 0.75 mm
- four branches are shown as shown in FIG. 5 (C).
- the member 41 can be arranged so as to fit within the range of the square light emitting side end surface 2b of the light guide member 2.
- the optical efficiency of the branch portion 4 according to the present embodiment is about 10% per branch, and the optical efficiency of the branch portion 4 is the conventional four-branch bundle fiber. It is more efficient than the type and the light guide member and relay lens type.
- FIG 6 and 7 show other examples of the light guide member 2 and the branch portion 4.
- the light guide member 2 and each branch member 41 are integrally formed of the same material.
- the light guide member 2 is composed of a solid regular triangular prism having a regular triangular cross section, and is integrally formed with the light guide member 2 from the light emitting side end surface 2b of the light guide member 2. It shows a state in which the branch member 41 having a circular cross section of the book protrudes forward.
- FIG. 6 a step is formed between the peripheral edge portion of the light emitting side end surface 2b of the light guide member 2 and the branch member 41.
- FIG. 7 there is no step between the peripheral edge portion of the light emitting side end surface 2b of the light guide member 2 and the branch member 41, and the light guide member 2 and the branch member 41 are formed in a smoothly connected state. ing. Even when the light guide member 2 and each branch member 41 are integrally formed of the same material as described above, the advantage when there is no air layer between the light guide member 2 and each branch member 41 can be taught. (Light receiving section) As schematically shown in FIG.
- the light receiving unit 5 is incident on the light guide member 2 from the light source LS to be measured via the objective optical system 3, is emitted from the light emitting side end surface 2b of the light guide member 2, and is branched. It receives the light guided by the plurality of branch members 41 of the unit 4.
- the light receiving unit 5 is composed of a plurality of light receiving sensors 51 having different characteristics arranged facing the emission end of each branch member 41. In the present embodiment, the plurality of sensors 51 of the light receiving unit 5 have measurement sensitivities corresponding to the color matching functions X, Y, and Z, respectively.
- Each light receiving sensor 51 is composed of a light receiving element 52 and an optical color filter 53 arranged in front of the light receiving element 52.
- the light receiving element 52 is composed of, for example, a silicon photodiode, and an electric signal corresponding to the amount of light received is output to a subsequent electric circuit (not shown).
- the light receiving surface of the light receiving element 52 is a square or a rectangle in this example, but the light receiving surface may be a polygon other than a quadrangle (for example, a triangle) or a circle.
- each branch member 41 As shown in FIG. 9, it is desirable that all the luminous flux emitted from each branch member 41 is received by the light receiving element 52 via the optical color filter 53 in terms of the light efficiency of 100%. Further, as shown in FIG. 10, all the light flux emitted from each branch member 41 receives light according to the diameter / NA (numerical aperture: Numerical aperture) of the branch member 41, the size of the light receiving element 52, the positional relationship, and the like.
- a condenser lens 55 may be interposed between each branch member 41 and each optical color filter 53 so that light is received by the element 52.
- FIG. 11 is a plan view showing a specific configuration of the light receiving unit 5.
- the light receiving unit 5 has four light receiving sensors 51 (51a to 51d) corresponding to the four branch members 41.
- each light receiving sensor 51 includes a light receiving element 52 and an optical color filter 53.
- Each light receiving element 52 is composed of, for example, a silicon photodiode, and an electric signal corresponding to the amount of light received is output to a subsequent electric circuit (not shown).
- the light receiving surface 5a of each light receiving element 52 is a square or a rectangle in this example, and is located at each of the four corners of one square.
- each light receiving surface 5a may be a polygon other than a quadrangle (for example, a triangle) or a circle.
- the number of light receiving sensors 51 is the same as the number of branch members 41.
- the optical color filter 53 of each sensor 51 has an optical characteristic of transmitting light in a predetermined wavelength range, is formed in a size larger than that of the light receiving element 52, and is arranged on the light incident side of the light receiving element 52.
- the optical color filters 53 of the three sensors 51 (for example, the sensors 51a to 51c) transmit light in the wavelength range corresponding to the color matching functions X, Y, and Z, respectively. It is composed of optical color filters 53X, 53Y, and 53Z.
- the three sensors 51 have measurement sensitivities corresponding to the color matching functions X, Y, and Z, respectively.
- the light transmitted through the optical color filters 53X, 53Y, and 53Z of the three sensors 51 is received by the corresponding light receiving element 52.
- each sensor 51 each light receiving element 52
- the plurality of light receiving sensors 51 of the light receiving unit 5 have measurement sensitivities corresponding to the color matching functions X, Y, and Z, respectively.
- the signal corresponding to the three stimulus values of XYZ
- This makes it possible to realize a color luminance meter (colorimeter) that obtains color and luminance.
- the optical color filter 53 of the remaining sensor 51 (for example, the sensor 51d) among the above four sensors 51 is composed of an optical color filter 53Y that transmits light in the wavelength range corresponding to the color matching function Y.
- the light receiving element 52 that receives the light transmitted through the optical color filter 53Y is connected to, for example, an electric circuit for detecting flicker. This makes it possible to detect flicker based on the electric signal output from the light receiving element 52.
- one of the two optical color filters 53Y may be configured with, for example, an optical color filter that transmits infrared rays.
- an optical color filter that transmits infrared rays.
- the optical characteristics of the three optical color filters 53X, 53Y, and 53Z among the four optical color filters 53 are different from each other, but the characteristics of at least two optical color filters 53 may be different from each other. (It is sufficient that all of the plurality of optical color filters 53 do not have the same characteristics, and it is sufficient that data of two or more types of different characteristics can be obtained from the plurality of light receiving sensors 51).
- the plurality of sensors 51 of the light receiving unit 5 include a light receiving element 52 having a square or rectangular light receiving surface 5a and an optical color filter 53 arranged on the light incident side of the light receiving element 52, respectively, of the optical color filter 53. Since at least two characteristics are different from each other, it is possible to easily arrange sensors 51 having a plurality of characteristics together as shown in FIG.
- FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view of the light receiving portion 5 in a state of facing the branch member 41
- FIG. 13 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a part thereof.
- Each light receiving sensor 51 has a recess of the holding member 54 so that the optical color filter 53 is located closer to the branch member 41 than the light receiving element 52, and the light receiving element 52 and the optical color filter 53 are arranged via a gap. It is housed and held in 54a.
- the recess 54a has a stepped shape in which the opening diameter is gradually narrowed from the arrangement side of the optical color filter 53 toward the arrangement side of the light receiving element 52, whereby the optical color filter 53 and the light receiving element 52 are described above. It can be accommodated in the recess 54a so as to have a positional relationship.
- the holding member 54 also serves as a light-shielding wall that separates the light receiving sensors 51 located adjacent to each other. That is, since the holding member 54 exists as a light-shielding wall between two adjacent sensors 51, the light that has passed through the optical color filter 53 of one of the adjacent sensors 51 is transferred to the light receiving element 52 of the other adjacent sensor 51. Incident is prevented and measurement error can be reduced.
- optical color filter 53 it is possible to use an interference film filter having an interference film formed on a glass substrate.
- an interference film filter When an interference film filter is used, the transmission characteristics change depending on the angle of incidence of the light rays on the interference film. Since the angle unevenness) is mixed, the light emitted from the light guide member 2 does not depend on the characteristics of the light source LS to be measured. Therefore, it suffices to design a film corresponding to the angle of incidence (cone angle) on the interference film filter.
- the interference film filter depends on the polarization (transmittance differs depending on the polarization condition), but the polarization is mixed (becomes unpolarized) by passing through the light guide member 2, so that the light source LS to be measured is LS. It does not depend on the characteristics of (the LCD monitor emits polarized light).
- optical color filter 53 it is also possible to use a colored glass filter that absorbs light in a specific wavelength range, an ND (Neutral Density) filter that dims light in a wide wavelength range, a linear polarizing plate, a wave plate, or the like. be. Further, a plurality of optical color filters 53 may be arranged on the light incident side of one light receiving element 52.
- ND Neutral Density
- the optical color filters 53 may all be configured with the same filter. However, in this case, it is necessary to use different sensors as the light receiving element 52 in order to make the characteristics of the plurality of sensors 51 different. For example, by using a silicon photodiode for visible light and an InGaAs photodiode for infrared light in combination, or by using a light receiving element capable of high-sensitivity measurement and a light receiving element capable of high-speed measurement in combination. It is possible to measure various optical characteristics at the same time while using the same optical color filter 53.
- the number of sensors 51 constituting the light receiving unit 5 is not limited to the four in the present embodiment. Depending on the number of branch members 41, it is appropriate to use more sensors 51, for example, 9 light receiving sensors 51 are arranged in 3 rows and 3 columns, or 16 light receiving sensors 51 are arranged in 4 rows and 4 columns. It is also possible to measure more optical characteristics at the same time by arranging in.
- the arithmetic unit calculates the luminance Lv and the chromaticity x and y from the light receiving data corresponding to the color matching function XYZ converted into the electric signal output from each light receiving sensor 31.
- the calculation result is displayed on the display unit or sent to an external personal computer.
- the light emitted from the light source LS to be measured and incident on the inside of the light guide member 2 is emitted.
- Total reflection is repeated on the side surface 2c of the light guide member 2 as many times as the number of times corresponding to the incident angle on the light incident side end surface 2a, and the light is emitted from the light emission side end surface 2b.
- the above one point is illuminated by light from various points on the light incident side end surface 2a of the light guide member 2.
- the measured surface LS0 of the measured light source LS and the light incident side end surface 2a of the light guide member 2 are coupled by the objective optical system 3, light from various points of the light source LS to be measured is light from the light guide member.
- Each sensor 51 of the light receiving unit 5 is illuminated via the 2 and the branch member 41.
- each sensor 51 receives the light mixed by the light guide member 2 at various positions of the surface to be measured LS0, so that the sensor 51 receives the light. It is less susceptible to positional unevenness on the measurement surface LS0. As a result, in each sensor 51, the position unevenness of the measurement sensitivity can be reduced, and stable measurement becomes possible.
- the light is incident on the light incident side end surface 2a of the light guide member 2 according to the emission angle of the light emitted from the light source LS to be measured.
- the angle changes.
- the light incident on the inside of the light guide member 2 via the light incident side end surface 2a is repeatedly totally reflected by the side surface 2c of the light guide member 2 as many times as the angle thereof, and various positions of the light emission side end surface 2b are repeated. (Position according to the angle of incidence on the light guide member 2) will be reached. Therefore, considering one point of the light emitting side end surface 2b as described above, the above one point is illuminated by light of various angles.
- each sensor 51 of the light receiving unit 5 is illuminated via the light source member 2 and the branch member 41.
- the light beam (indicated by a solid line) L1 incident on the light incident side end surface 2a at the incident angle of 0 ° shown in FIGS. 14A and 14B has the incident position on the light incident side end surface 2a at the central position S1. Even if there is, the light travels straight even at the position S2 of the end portion, so that the light is uniformly emitted from the end surface 2b on the light emitting side. On the other hand, since the light rays incident on the light incident side end surface 2a at an incident angle other than 0 ° are reflected, the emission position from the light emission side end surface 2b is biased. For example, as shown in FIG.
- each sensor 51 Even if the emission intensity (brightness) of the measured surface LS0 of the measured light source LS has unevenness in angle, in each sensor 51, light of various angles emitted from the measured surface LS0 is emitted from the light guide member 2.
- the branch member 41 By receiving the light mixed by the above through the branch member 41, it is less likely to be affected by the angle unevenness on the surface to be measured LS0. As a result, it is possible to reduce the angle unevenness of the measurement sensitivity in each sensor 51, and stable measurement becomes possible.
- the light guide member 2 has the shape of a simple polygonal prism or a polygonal frustum (see FIGS. 2A to 2D), it is compared with a conventional light guide body in which a plurality of fibers are randomly woven to guide the light. , Easy to configure and inexpensive. Therefore, it is possible to obtain the effect of reducing the positional unevenness and the angle unevenness of the measurement sensitivity with a simple configuration using the inexpensive light guide member 2.
- the light receiving unit 5 has a plurality of sensors 51 having different characteristics, the color and the luminance can be measured, so that the color and the luminance can be measured. The above-mentioned effect can be obtained in the color luminance meter that performs the above.
- the position of the light incident side end surface 2a of the light guide member 2 is measured. It has a correlation with the angular distribution (directivity) of the surface LS0.
- the incident position S3 on the light incident side end surface 2a only the light rays (indicated by the broken line) emitted from the light source LS to be measured at an upward angle are gathered.
- the angle of incidence of the light guide member 2 on the light incident side end surface 2a has a correlation with the spatial distribution (measurement position) of the surface to be measured LS0. All the light rays from the point P1 on the surface to be measured LS0 are incident on the light guide member 2 in an oblique downward direction.
- the spatial distribution (positional unevenness) of the measured surface LS0 depends on the number of reflections by the light guide member 2, and the higher the number of reflections, the higher the mixing property, and the angular distribution (directivity unevenness) of the measured surface LS0 is reflection. Mixability is good regardless of the number of times.
- the light incident side end surface 2a of the light guide member 2 when the surface to be measured LS0 and the light incident side end surface 2a of the light guide member 2 are conjugated using the rear lens system 32, the light incident side end surface 2a of the light guide member 2 The position correlates with the spatial distribution (measurement position) of the surface to be measured LS0.
- the light rays from the point P2 on the measured surface LS0 are concentrated at the incident position S4 of the light incident side end surface 2a.
- the angle of incidence of the light guide member 2 on the light incident side end surface 2a has a correlation with the angle distribution (directivity) of the surface to be measured LS0. All the light rays (broken line) emitted from the surface to be measured LS0 at an upward angle are incident on the light guide member 2 in an oblique downward direction.
- the spatial distribution (positional unevenness) of the measured surface LS0 has good mixing property regardless of the number of reflections by the light guide member 2, and the angular distribution (directivity unevenness) of the measured surface LS0 depends on the number of reflections. The higher the number of reflections, the higher the mixing property.
- liquid crystal and organic EL monitors have uneven light emission in the monitor screen due to variations in RGB display elements.
- the RGB light emitting elements are arranged discretely, so that the measured value is easily affected by the spatial distribution (measurement position unevenness).
- many personal computer monitors, home TVs, and smartphones have wide directivity (light distribution characteristics), and as a colorimeter, spatial distribution (measurement position unevenness) is mixed. Can be said to have a higher priority.
- FIG. 17 is an explanatory diagram schematically showing an optical path of a light beam guided inside the light guide member 2.
- the thin light guide member 2 (light incident) is formed by reducing the image of the measured surface LS0 of the light source LS to be measured on the light incident side end surface 2a of the light guide member 2 by the objective optical system 3 (see FIG. 1). It is possible to use a light guide member in which the diameter D1 of the inscribed circle of the side end surface 2a and the diameter D2 of the inscribed circle of the light emitting side end surface 2b are small), and the emission angle of the light emitted from the light source LS to be measured.
- the incident angle ⁇ of the light on the light incident side end surface 2a of the light guide member 2 becomes large (therefore, the refraction angle ⁇ P inside the light guide member 2 also becomes large). From FIG. 17, the larger the incident angle ⁇ of the light on the light incident side end surface 2a (the larger the refraction angle ⁇ P), or the smaller the diameters D1 and D2, the more the side surface 2c of the light incident on the inside of the light guide member 2. It can be seen that the number of reflections at is increased.
- D1 D2
- the light ray LT having the maximum angle ⁇ with the optical axis AX.
- the approximate number of times it is reflected by the side surface 2c of the light guide member 2 is (Ltan ⁇ P) / D1 or (Ltan ⁇ P) / D2 It is represented by.
- nP is the refractive index of the light guide member 2
- optical axis AX is an axis connecting the center of the inscribed circle of the light incident side end surface 2a of the light guide member 2 and the center of the inscribed circle of the light emitting side end surface 2b, and is an objective optical system 3. It shall be coaxial with the optical axis of.
- the above one point is light emitted from the light source LS to be measured at various angles. It is possible to reduce the influence of the angle unevenness of the light source LS to be measured.
- the angle of the light ray is reversed. Therefore, as the number of times the light ray is reflected increases, the above-mentioned one point is illuminated with light of various angles. Therefore, it is possible to more effectively reduce the influence of the angle unevenness of the light source LS to be measured, reduce the angle unevenness of the measurement sensitivity, and enable more stable measurement.
- FIG. 18 shows the optical path of the light beam guided inside the light guide member 2 when the light guide member 2 having the polygonal pyramid shape shown in FIG. 2D is used as the light guide member 2. It is explanatory drawing.
- the shapes of the light incident side end face 2a and the light emitting side end face 2b are square, but the area of the light emitting side end face 2b is larger than the area of the light incident side end face 2a.
- the number of reflections of the light guided internally when the light guide member 2 in the shape of a polygonal frustum is used can be considered as follows. That is, when the light guide member 2 having a polygonal cone trapezoidal shape is used, the angle ⁇ formed by the light beam emitted from the light source LS to be measured and incident on the light incident side end surface 2a of the light guide member 2 with the optical axis AX is The approximate number of times that the maximum light ray LT is reflected by the side surface 2c of the light guide member 2 is represented by ⁇ / ⁇ . However, in FIG.
- ⁇ is an angle (°) formed by the straight line connecting the point A and the point O and the optical axis AX
- ⁇ is the side surface 2c of the light guide member 2 in the cross section including the optical axis AX.
- the angle (°) is twice the angle formed by the optical axis AX and the optical axis AX.
- the point O points to a point where the light beam LT intersects the optical axis AX when the side surface 2c of the light guide member 2 is extended in the cross section including the optical axis AX
- the point A is the light incident on the light guide member 2.
- ⁇ and ⁇ are angles that satisfy the following relational expression.
- L Length (mm) of the light guide member 2 in the optical axis AX direction
- ⁇ Maximum value (°) of the angle formed by the light ray incident on the center of the light incident side end surface 2a of the light guide member 2 and the normal line of the light incident side end surface 2a.
- D1 Diameter (mm) of the inscribed circle of the end face 2a on the light incident side of the light guide member 2.
- D2 Diameter (mm) of the inscribed circle of the light emitting side end surface 2b of the light guide member 2.
- nP The refractive index of the light guide member 2.
- ⁇ / ⁇ > 1 that is, if the light ray LT is reflected at least once on the side surface 2c of the light guide member 2, the light ray LT is reflected on the side surface 2c to variously reflect the light ray LT on the surface to be measured LS0.
- the light emitted from the position and the light emitted from the surface to be measured LS0 at various angles can be mixed by the light guide member 2. Therefore, the influence of the position unevenness and the angle unevenness of the light source LS to be measured can be reduced, and the position unevenness and the angle unevenness of the measurement sensitivity can be reduced.
- the light ray LT is reflected multiple times on the side surface 2c, the influence of the position unevenness and the angle unevenness of the light source LS to be measured is surely reduced, and the position unevenness and the angle unevenness of the measurement sensitivity are surely reduced. Is desirable because it can be surely reduced.
- the three light receiving sensors 51 (for example, the light receiving sensors 51a to 51c) have measurement sensitivities corresponding to the color matching functions X, Y, and Z, and have brightness (Lv) and chromaticity (x).
- Y is a light receiving sensor
- the remaining sensor 51 (for example, sensor 51d) is a light receiving sensor for detecting flicker, for example, has already been described.
- the light guide member 2 is a regular quadrangular prism having a square cross section having a side length of 1.5 mm
- the branch portion 4 includes four branch members 41 made of optical fibers having a diameter of 0.75 mm.
- the light receiving unit 5 includes four light receiving sensors 51. Of the four light receiving sensors 51, three are light receiving sensors 51a to 51c composed of an optical color filter 53 and a light receiving element 52, and the light receiving sensitivity of the color matching function XYZ is used to calculate chromaticity and luminance. Used for.
- the other is a light receiving sensor 51e that acquires spectral data using a diffraction grating, a prism, a bandpass filter, or the like, and is used for calculating spectral radiance, chromaticity, and brightness.
- FIG. 19 illustrates only one light receiving sensor on behalf of the three light receiving sensors 51a to 51c.
- the light receiving sensor 51e for obtaining the spectral data has, for example, an opening size 0 in which the exit end of the branch member 41 made of an optical fiber having a diameter of 0.75 mm is provided in the housing 6. It is arranged in an incident slit 61 of .4 ⁇ 0.75 mm, and the light beam from the incident slit 61 is made substantially parallel light by the lens 62 and is irradiated to the diffraction grating 63 of 600 lines / mm. Then, the light rays dispersed in wavelength by the diffraction grating 63 are focused by the lens 62 on the light receiving sensor 51e composed of the line sensor and received.
- the line sensor constituting the light receiving sensor 51e includes 100 cells in which one element is 0.2 ⁇ 1 mm, and acquires spectral data having a wavelength range of 380 to 780 nm, a wavelength resolution of 4 nm pitch, and a wavelength half width of 8 nm.
- FIG. 21 illustrates yet another combination of the plurality of light receiving sensors 51.
- the light guide member 2 is a regular quadrangular prism having a side length of 1.5 mm and a square cross section
- the branch portion 4 includes four branch members 41 made of optical fibers having a diameter of 0.75 mm
- the light receiving portion 5 has a light receiving portion 5. It includes four light receiving sensors 51.
- Each of the four light receiving sensors 51 is composed of spectroscopic sensors 51f to 51i, and each spectroscopic sensor 51f to 51i obtains spectroscopic data having different wavelength bands.
- FIG. 21 of the four light receiving sensors 51f to 51i two of them overlap in the depth direction of the paper surface, so only two light receiving sensors are shown.
- FIG. 22 illustrates yet another combination of the plurality of light receiving sensors 51.
- the light guide member 2 is a regular quadrangular prism having a side length of 1.5 mm and a square cross section
- the branch portion 4 includes four branch members 41 made of optical fibers having a diameter of 0.75 mm
- the light receiving portion 5 has a light receiving portion 5. It includes four light receiving sensors 51. Of the four light receiving sensors 51, three are light receiving sensors 51a to 51c composed of an optical color filter 53 and a light receiving element 52, and the other one is a light receiving sensor 51j provided in an external measuring instrument 593. Is.
- the light receiving sensor 51j of the external measuring instrument 593 is connected to the branch member 41 via the optical connectors (outlet side and inlet side) 591 and 592, and the light emitted from the branch member 41 is transmitted through the optical connectors 591 and 592. Receive light.
- a plurality of external measuring instruments 593 having different light receiving characteristics of each built-in light receiving sensor can be detachably connected to the branch member 41 via optical connectors 591 and 592. ..
- the user selects any external measuring instrument 593 from a plurality of external measuring instruments 593, connects them, and uses or replaces them. Examples of the external measuring instrument 593 include a flicker measuring instrument and a spectroscopic measuring instrument including a polychrom.
- FIG. 23 illustrates yet another combination of the plurality of light receiving sensors 51.
- the shape of the light guide member 2 and the number of branch members 41 (number of branches) are arbitrary.
- 19 branch members 41 made of optical fibers are connected to a light guide member 2 of a regular hexagonal column having a regular hexagonal cross section, and 19 light receiving sensors 51 corresponding to each branch member 41 are connected. Place (not shown).
- Each of the 19 light receiving sensors 51 has an arbitrary light receiving sensitivity.
- 19 types of bands having center wavelengths of 400 nm, 420 nm, ... 500 nm, ... 760 nm and 20 nm, each having a half width of 30 nm.
- the present invention can be used as a color luminance meter for measuring the luminance and chromaticity of light emitted from a light source to be measured.
- Photometer 2 Light guide member 2a Light incident side end surface 2b Light emission side end surface 2c Side surface 3 Objective optical system 4 Branch part 41 Branch member 5 Light receiving part 5a Light receiving surface 31 Front lens system 32 Rear lens system 51 Sensor 52 Light receiving element 53 Optical color filter AP1, AP2 Aperture LS Light source to be measured
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Abstract
Description
(1)横断面が円形または多角形の導光部材と、被測定物からの光束を前記導光部材の光入射側端面に集める対物光学系と、前記導光部材の光出射側端面から出射される光束を複数に分岐して導光するそれぞれ単一の部材からなる複数の分岐部材を備えた分岐部と、前記分岐部における複数の分岐部材のそれぞれからの出射光を受光するとともに、2種類以上の異なる特性のデータを得るための複数の受光センサと、を備えた測光装置。
(2)前記対物光学系は、前記被測定物と導光部材の光入射側端面とを共役関係とする前項1に記載の測光装置。
(3)前記複数の受光センサには、等色関数XYZに近似した受光データを得るための受光センサが含まれる前項1または2に記載の測光装置。
(4)前記複数の受光センサには分光データを得るための受光センサが含まれる前項1~3のいずれかに記載の測光装置。
(5)前記複数の受光センサには、前記分岐部材からの光を光コネクタを介して受光する外部測定器の受光センサが含まれるとともに、前記外部測定器は分岐部材に対して着脱可能であり、受光センサの受光特性がそれぞれ異なる複数の外部測定器の中から使用者によって選択された任意の外部測定器が分岐部材に対して接続される前項1~4のいずれかに記載の測光装置。
(6)前記複数の分岐部材はそれぞれ光ファイバーにより形成される前項1~5のいずれかに記載の測光装置。
(7)前記光ファイバーは樹脂製である前項6に記載の測光装置。
(8)前記導光部材は多角柱または多角錐台である前項1~7のいずれかに記載の測光装置。
(9)前記導光部材と複数の分岐部材は、空気層を介することなく接続されている前項1~8のいずれかに記載の測光装置。
(10)前記導光部材と複数の分岐部材は一体構造である前項1~8のいずれかに記載の測光装置。
(導光部材)
図2Aは、導光部材2の一構成例を示す斜視図である。導光部材2は、光入射側端面2aおよび光出射側端面2bを有し、光入射側端面2aから内部に入射した光を導光して光出射側端面2bから出射する光学素子であり、本実施形態では、ガラス製の中実(中身が詰まった)ロッドで構成されているが、中空(中身がない)であっても良い。本実施形態では、導光部材2は、光入射側端面2aから光出射側端面2bに至るまで横断面が同じ大きさの四角形(例えば正方形)である四角柱の形状であるが、この形状に限定されるわけではない。
(対物光学系)
対物光学系3は、被測定光源LSの像を、導光部材2の光入射側端面2aに縮小形成する光学系である。この対物光学系3は、被測定光源LS側に位置する前側レンズ系31と、導光部材2側に位置する後側レンズ系32と、被測定光源LSの1点から出射される光の広がり角を規制する絞りAP1(測定角規制絞り)と、被測定光源LSの測定範囲を規制する絞りAP2(測定範囲規制絞り、視野絞り)とを有して構成されている。
(分岐部)
分岐部4は、導光部材2の光出射側端面2bから出射される光を受光部5に導光する分光光学系であり、複数の分岐部材41によって構成される。各分岐部材41はこの実施形態では、限定はされないが光ファイバーによって構成されている。光ファイバーを構成する材料は、ガラスであっても良いし、アクリルなどの透明樹脂であってもよいが、所望の形状に容易に曲げられる、安価、種類が豊富であるなどの観点から樹脂製の光ファイバーが望ましい。また、分岐部材41の横断面形状は円形(楕円形を含む)であっても良いし、多角形であってもよい。
分岐部材41の面積(0.52×π)÷導光部材2の面積(2.8×2.42÷2)=0.23
となる。一方、従来例で説明した特許文献1に記載の3分岐バンドルファイバーの光効率は、
バンドル充填率(バンドル径に対するファイバー素線の有効面積比=70%程度)÷3=0.23
となり、図4に示した実施形態に係る分岐部4の光効率は、3分岐バンドルファイバータイプのものと同程度であることがわかる。一方、本実施形態の方が3分岐バンドルファイバータイプよりも構成が単純なので、安価でかつ、光学特性が安定している(物によるバラツキが少ない)。
分岐部材41の面積(0.3752×π)÷導光部材2の面積(1.5×1.5)=0.20
となる。一方、従来例で説明した4分岐バンドルファイバーの光効率は、1分岐当たり
バンドル充填率(バンドル径に対するファイバー素線の有効面積比=70%程度)÷4=0.18
となる。また、特許文献2のように、導光部材とリレーレンズで4分岐する場合は、1分岐当たり10%程度であり、本実施形態に係る分岐部4の光効率は、従来の4分岐バンドルファイバータイプのものや、導光部材とリレーレンズタイプのものよりも効率が良い。
(受光部)
受光部5は、図8に模式的に示すように、被測定光源LSから対物光学系3を介して導光部材2に入射し、導光部材2の光出射側端面2bから出射され、分岐部4の複数の分岐部材41により導光される光を受光するものである。この受光部5は、各分岐部材41の出射端に対向して配置された特性の異なる複数の受光センサ51で構成されている。本実施形態では、受光部5の複数のセンサ51は、それぞれ、等色関数X、Y、Zに対応する測定感度を有している。
(導光部材による測定感度の位置ムラおよび角度ムラの低減効果について)
次に、本実施形態の導光部材2を用いることにより、測定感度の位置ムラおよび角度ムラを低減できる効果について説明する。
(LtanθP)/D1、または(LtanθP)/D2
で表される。ただし、nPを導光部材2の屈折率としたとき、屈折角θPは、nPsinθP=sinθを満足する角度である。また、上記の光軸AXは、導光部材2の光入射側端面2aの内接円の中心と、光出射側端面2bの内接円の中心とを結ぶ軸であって、対物光学系3の光軸と同軸とする。
(多角錐台の導光部材を用いたときの反射回数について)
図18は、導光部材2として、図2Dで示した多角錐台形状の導光部材2を用いたときの、導光部材2の内部で導光される光線の光路を展開して示した説明図である。上記の導光部材2では、光入射側端面2aおよび光出射側端面2bの形状は正方形であるが、光出射側端面2bの面積が光入射側端面2aの面積よりも大きい。
L0sinα={L-L0(1-cosα)}tanθP
tan(β/2)=(D2-D1)/2L
L0=D2L/(D2-D1)
nPsinθP=sinθ
であり、
L :導光部材2の光軸AX方向の長さ(mm)
θ :導光部材2の光入射側端面2aの中心に入射する光線と光入射側端面2aの法線とのなす角度の最大値(°)
D1:導光部材2の光入射側端面2aの内接円の直径(mm)
D2:導光部材2の光出射側端面2bの内接円の直径(mm)
nP:導光部材2の屈折率
である。
α≒(L/L0)tanθP={(D2-D1)/D2}/tanθP
β≒(D2-D1)/L
となり、
α/β≒(LtanθP)/D2
となる。つまり、この場合、α/βは、上述したD1=D2の場合の、おおよその反射回数と一致する。
(受光部5での受光センサの組み合わせ)
上述したように、受光部5は2種類以上の異なる特性のデータを得るための複数の受光センサ51を有している。受光センサ41が4個の場合、3個の受光センサ51(例えば受光センサ51a~51c)が等色関数X、Y、Zに対応する測定感度を有し、輝度(Lv)や色度(x,y)を求める受光センサであり、残りのセンサ51(例えばセンサ51d)が例えばフリッカを検出する受光センサである場合については、既に説明した。
2 導光部材
2a 光入射側端面
2b 光出射側端面
2c 側面
3 対物光学系
4 分岐部
41 分岐部材
5 受光部
5a 受光面
31 前側レンズ系
32 後側レンズ系
51 センサ
52 受光素子
53 光学色フィルタ
AP1、AP2 絞り
LS 被測定光源
Claims (10)
- 横断面が円形または多角形の導光部材と、
被測定物からの光束を前記導光部材の光入射側端面に集める対物光学系と、
前記導光部材の光出射側端面から出射される光束を複数に分岐して導光するそれぞれ単一の部材からなる複数の分岐部材を備えた分岐部と、
前記分岐部における複数の分岐部材のそれぞれからの出射光を受光するとともに、2種類以上の異なる特性のデータを得るための複数の受光センサと、
を備えた測光装置。 - 前記対物光学系は、前記被測定物と導光部材の光入射側端面とを共役関係とする請求項1に記載の測光装置。
- 前記複数の受光センサには、等色関数XYZに近似した受光データを得るための受光センサが含まれる請求項1または2に記載の測光装置。
- 前記複数の受光センサには分光データを得るための受光センサが含まれる請求項1~3のいずれかに記載の測光装置。
- 前記複数の受光センサには、前記分岐部材からの光を光コネクタを介して受光する外部測定器の受光センサが含まれるとともに、前記外部測定器は分岐部材に対して着脱可能であり、受光センサの受光特性がそれぞれ異なる複数の外部測定器の中から使用者によって選択された任意の外部測定器が分岐部材に対して接続される請求項1~4のいずれかに記載の測光装置。
- 前記複数の分岐部材はそれぞれ光ファイバーにより形成される請求項1~5のいずれかに記載の測光装置。
- 前記光ファイバーは樹脂製である請求項6に記載の測光装置。
- 前記導光部材は多角柱または多角錐台である請求項1~7のいずれかに記載の測光装置。
- 前記導光部材と複数の分岐部材は、空気層を介することなく接続されている請求項1~8のいずれかに記載の測光装置。
- 前記導光部材と複数の分岐部材は一体構造である請求項1~8のいずれかに記載の測光装置。
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Citations (7)
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JPS61272707A (ja) * | 1985-05-28 | 1986-12-03 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | 多端子発光素子モジユ−ル |
JPH0344526A (ja) * | 1989-07-12 | 1991-02-26 | Fuji Electric Co Ltd | 撮像装置 |
JP2002310800A (ja) * | 2001-04-17 | 2002-10-23 | Minolta Co Ltd | 測定用光学系及びこの光学系を備えた三刺激値型光電色彩計 |
US20110013414A1 (en) * | 2008-07-24 | 2011-01-20 | Pacific Insight Elctronics Corp. | Ambient lighting system |
JP5565458B2 (ja) * | 2010-03-31 | 2014-08-06 | コニカミノルタ株式会社 | 測定用光学系ならびにそれを用いた色彩輝度計および色彩計 |
CN108918413A (zh) * | 2018-07-11 | 2018-11-30 | 迪瑞医疗科技股份有限公司 | 一种多波长凝血测试装置 |
WO2020017118A1 (ja) * | 2018-07-19 | 2020-01-23 | コニカミノルタ株式会社 | 測光装置 |
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Patent Citations (7)
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JPS61272707A (ja) * | 1985-05-28 | 1986-12-03 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | 多端子発光素子モジユ−ル |
JPH0344526A (ja) * | 1989-07-12 | 1991-02-26 | Fuji Electric Co Ltd | 撮像装置 |
JP2002310800A (ja) * | 2001-04-17 | 2002-10-23 | Minolta Co Ltd | 測定用光学系及びこの光学系を備えた三刺激値型光電色彩計 |
US20110013414A1 (en) * | 2008-07-24 | 2011-01-20 | Pacific Insight Elctronics Corp. | Ambient lighting system |
JP5565458B2 (ja) * | 2010-03-31 | 2014-08-06 | コニカミノルタ株式会社 | 測定用光学系ならびにそれを用いた色彩輝度計および色彩計 |
CN108918413A (zh) * | 2018-07-11 | 2018-11-30 | 迪瑞医疗科技股份有限公司 | 一种多波长凝血测试装置 |
WO2020017118A1 (ja) * | 2018-07-19 | 2020-01-23 | コニカミノルタ株式会社 | 測光装置 |
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