WO2022052154A1 - 一种谐波传动系统及电动助力车 - Google Patents

一种谐波传动系统及电动助力车 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2022052154A1
WO2022052154A1 PCT/CN2020/116660 CN2020116660W WO2022052154A1 WO 2022052154 A1 WO2022052154 A1 WO 2022052154A1 CN 2020116660 W CN2020116660 W CN 2020116660W WO 2022052154 A1 WO2022052154 A1 WO 2022052154A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
gear
bearing
flexible
drive system
harmonic
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2020/116660
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王培郁
柯韦圣
Original Assignee
珠海市钧兴机电有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 珠海市钧兴机电有限公司 filed Critical 珠海市钧兴机电有限公司
Publication of WO2022052154A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022052154A1/zh

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H49/00—Other gearings
    • F16H49/001—Wave gearings, e.g. harmonic drive transmissions
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62M—RIDER PROPULSION OF WHEELED VEHICLES OR SLEDGES; POWERED PROPULSION OF SLEDGES OR SINGLE-TRACK CYCLES; TRANSMISSIONS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SUCH VEHICLES
    • B62M11/00—Transmissions characterised by the use of interengaging toothed wheels or frictionally-engaging wheels
    • B62M11/02—Transmissions characterised by the use of interengaging toothed wheels or frictionally-engaging wheels of unchangeable ratio
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62M—RIDER PROPULSION OF WHEELED VEHICLES OR SLEDGES; POWERED PROPULSION OF SLEDGES OR SINGLE-TRACK CYCLES; TRANSMISSIONS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SUCH VEHICLES
    • B62M6/00—Rider propulsion of wheeled vehicles with additional source of power, e.g. combustion engine or electric motor
    • B62M6/40—Rider propelled cycles with auxiliary electric motor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62M—RIDER PROPULSION OF WHEELED VEHICLES OR SLEDGES; POWERED PROPULSION OF SLEDGES OR SINGLE-TRACK CYCLES; TRANSMISSIONS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SUCH VEHICLES
    • B62M6/00—Rider propulsion of wheeled vehicles with additional source of power, e.g. combustion engine or electric motor
    • B62M6/40—Rider propelled cycles with auxiliary electric motor
    • B62M6/55—Rider propelled cycles with auxiliary electric motor power-driven at crank shafts parts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62M—RIDER PROPULSION OF WHEELED VEHICLES OR SLEDGES; POWERED PROPULSION OF SLEDGES OR SINGLE-TRACK CYCLES; TRANSMISSIONS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SUCH VEHICLES
    • B62M6/00—Rider propulsion of wheeled vehicles with additional source of power, e.g. combustion engine or electric motor
    • B62M6/80—Accessories, e.g. power sources; Arrangements thereof
    • B62M6/90—Batteries
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H1/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion
    • F16H1/02—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion without gears having orbital motion
    • F16H1/04—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion without gears having orbital motion involving only two intermeshing members
    • F16H1/12—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion without gears having orbital motion involving only two intermeshing members with non-parallel axes
    • F16H1/14—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion without gears having orbital motion involving only two intermeshing members with non-parallel axes comprising conical gears only
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H1/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion
    • F16H1/02—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion without gears having orbital motion
    • F16H1/04—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion without gears having orbital motion involving only two intermeshing members
    • F16H1/12—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion without gears having orbital motion involving only two intermeshing members with non-parallel axes
    • F16H1/16—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion without gears having orbital motion involving only two intermeshing members with non-parallel axes comprising worm and worm-wheel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H37/00—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00
    • F16H37/02—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings
    • F16H37/04—Combinations of toothed gearings only
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
    • F16H57/02—Gearboxes; Mounting gearing therein
    • F16H57/021—Shaft support structures, e.g. partition walls, bearing eyes, casing walls or covers with bearings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
    • F16H57/02—Gearboxes; Mounting gearing therein
    • F16H57/023—Mounting or installation of gears or shafts in the gearboxes, e.g. methods or means for assembly
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D41/00—Freewheels or freewheel clutches
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D41/00—Freewheels or freewheel clutches
    • F16D41/06—Freewheels or freewheel clutches with intermediate wedging coupling members between an inner and an outer surface
    • F16D41/069—Freewheels or freewheel clutches with intermediate wedging coupling members between an inner and an outer surface the intermediate members wedging by pivoting or rocking, e.g. sprags
    • F16D41/07—Freewheels or freewheel clutches with intermediate wedging coupling members between an inner and an outer surface the intermediate members wedging by pivoting or rocking, e.g. sprags between two cylindrical surfaces
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D41/00—Freewheels or freewheel clutches
    • F16D41/24—Freewheels or freewheel clutches specially adapted for cycles
    • F16D41/28—Freewheels or freewheel clutches specially adapted for cycles with intermediate wedging coupling members
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H1/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion
    • F16H1/02—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion without gears having orbital motion
    • F16H1/04—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion without gears having orbital motion involving only two intermeshing members
    • F16H1/06—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion without gears having orbital motion involving only two intermeshing members with parallel axes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H1/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion
    • F16H1/02—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion without gears having orbital motion
    • F16H1/04—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion without gears having orbital motion involving only two intermeshing members
    • F16H1/12—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion without gears having orbital motion involving only two intermeshing members with non-parallel axes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H37/00—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00
    • F16H37/02—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings
    • F16H37/04—Combinations of toothed gearings only
    • F16H37/041—Combinations of toothed gearings only for conveying rotary motion with constant gear ratio

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of power-assisted vehicle transmission technology, in particular to a harmonic drive system and an electric power-assisted vehicle.
  • Power-assisted bicycle is a new type of two-wheeled vehicle, which belongs to a kind of bicycle. It uses a battery as an auxiliary power source, is equipped with a motor, and has a power auxiliary system, which can realize the integration of human riding and motor-assisted driving.
  • the torque sensor is the core component of the electric power assist system of the power-assisted bicycle to understand the rider's intention. Due to the existence of the torque sensor, the motor output power of the electric bicycle can be adjusted according to the measured torque during the riding process, so as to improve the riding comfort. .
  • the planetary gear transmission device of the power-assisted bicycle mainly has the disadvantages of low deceleration ratio, heavier weight, larger volume, larger noise and lower transmission accuracy.
  • the required power is large, which in turn affects the battery life.
  • the present invention provides a harmonic drive system of an electric bicycle, which is installed in the frame and includes a transmission gear device and a rotary drive mechanism, wherein the transmission gear device includes:
  • the wave generator includes a flexible bearing and an elliptical cam, the elliptical cam is arranged in the flexible bearing and makes the flexible bearing shape into an elliptical shape, and the rotary driver is connected with the elliptical cam and drives the elliptical cam Rotation;
  • a flexible wheel has an outer gear ring, the flexible bearing is sleeved in the flexible wheel and makes the flexible wheel shape into an ellipse;
  • a rigid wheel has an inner gear meshing with the outer gear ring, The flexible wheel is driven by the elliptical cam to rotate relative to the rigid wheel;
  • the steering gear set has a first input part, a second input part and an output part, wherein the first input part is connected with the flexible wheel And with the rotation of the flexible wheel, the output
  • the first input portion includes a first connecting shaft and a first gear disposed at one end of the first connecting shaft
  • the second input portion includes a second connecting shaft and one end of the second connecting shaft.
  • the second gear, the first gear meshes with the second gear.
  • At least one transmission gear set is also arranged between the output part and the chain disc, and at least one of the transmission gear sets is one or more of a spur gear, a bevel gear, a planetary gear train or a cycloidal gear. kind.
  • the rotation driving mechanism is a brushless DC motor or a brush DC motor, and the rated rotational speed of the rotation driving mechanism is greater than or equal to 4000 RPM and less than or equal to 10000 RPM.
  • a bearing preloading device is also included, a bearing is provided on the end of the flexible wheel away from the first input part, and the bearing preloading device is arranged between the bearing and the housing of the rotation driving mechanism.
  • the bearing preloading device is a wave spring.
  • the transmission gear device is arranged in the casing, and the rigid wheel is screwed to the casing.
  • At least one first bearing is also included, and one end of the first connecting shaft is sleeved in the first bearing and connected with the flexible wheel.
  • first gear and the first connecting shaft are connected through a second one-way clutch.
  • the first gear has a sleeve end, the second one-way clutch is arranged in the sleeve end, and one end of the first connecting shaft is inserted into the inner ring of the second one-way clutch.
  • the elliptical cam and the output end of the rotary drive mechanism are connected through a third one-way clutch.
  • the present invention also provides an electric power-assisted bicycle, including a frame with a high reduction ratio system, the high reduction ratio system including the harmonic drive system of the above embodiment, and a cycloidal gear and a low-tooth gear
  • the total reduction ratio of the high reduction ratio system is greater than or equal to 50 and less than or equal to 100.
  • the invention connects the rotary drive mechanism, the chain disc and the central shaft through a transmission gear device
  • the transmission gear device includes a wave generator, a flexible wheel and a rigid wheel and forms a harmonic reducer, which can reduce the volume and size of the reducer applied to the electric bicycle.
  • Weight, and the harmonic drive system can be installed in the frame, which can improve the appearance and aesthetic design.
  • the harmonic reducer formed by wave generator, flexible wheel and rigid wheel has high reduction ratio, high meshing ratio and small size The advantages of light weight, low noise and high transmission accuracy can effectively improve the battery life of electric bicycles, ensure the smooth operation of the harmonic transmission system, and improve the comfort of riding electric bicycles.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a harmonic drive system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • a harmonic drive system of an electric bicycle shown in FIG. 1 it includes a housing 101 , a transmission gear device and a rotary drive mechanism 100 , the housing 101 is installed on the frame, and the transmission gear device is accommodated in the housing 101 , the rotary drive mechanism 100 can be a brushless DC motor or a brushed DC motor.
  • the transmission gear device includes a wave generator, a flexible wheel 203, a rigid wheel 204 and a steering gear set
  • the wave generator includes a flexible
  • the steering gear set includes a first input part, a second input part and an output part, wherein the first input part is connected with the flexible wheel 203 and rotates with the flexible wheel 203 to drive the output part to output harmonic rotation,
  • the output part is connected to the chain plate of the electric bicycle, and the second input part is connected to the center shaft for transmitting the power of the center shaft to the chain plate;
  • the elliptical cam 202 is placed on the inner ring, the flexible bearing 201 is deformed into an elliptical shape, whereby the elliptical cam 202 and the flexible bearing 201 are combined into a wave generator,
  • the flexible wheel 203 has a first end and a second end, and
  • the flex wheel 203 is cup-shaped, the first end of the flex wheel 203 is
  • the first input portion includes a first connecting shaft 301 and a first gear 302 disposed at one end of the first connecting shaft 301.
  • the first gear 302 has an inner ring, and the first gear 302 is sleeved on one end of the first connecting shaft 301, further, a second one-way clutch 305 is arranged between the first gear 302 and the first connecting shaft 301, the first gear 302 has a sleeve end, the The second one-way clutch 305 is arranged in the sleeve end, and one end of the first connecting shaft 301 is inserted into the inner ring of the second one-way clutch 305.
  • the second one-way clutch 305 may be conventional The roller type one-way clutch or the strut type one-way clutch, the end of the first connecting shaft 301 away from the first gear 302 is fixedly connected with the flexible wheel 203 and the first connecting shaft 301 rotates with the flexible wheel 203 .
  • the sleeve ends of the first connecting shaft 301 and the first gear 302 for sleeved with the second one-way clutch 305 are sleeved in the bearings respectively.
  • the second input part includes a second connecting shaft 303 and a second gear 304 disposed at one end of the second connecting shaft 303, the first gear 302 is meshed with the second gear 304, and the second connecting shaft 303 and the central shaft pass through
  • the first one-way clutch 300 is connected; it should be noted that the output part is located on the end of the second connecting shaft 303 relatively far from the second gear 304 , that is, the second input part and the output part are both connected by the second
  • the shaft 303 also includes a torsion sensor 103, which is accommodated in the first one-way clutch 300, and the torsion sensor 103 is sleeved on the center shaft.
  • the rotation axis lines of the first input part and the second input part are at 90°, that is, the first gear 302 and the second gear 304 can be meshed and connected through a bevel gear, or two scherd gears mesh, or an external gear and Face gear meshing, or worm gear and drum worm drive, or turbine and cylindrical worm drive, etc.
  • At least one transmission gear set is further disposed between the output part and the chain disc, and at least one of the transmission gear sets is one of a spur gear, a bevel gear, a planetary gear train, or a cycloidal gear or
  • the wave generator, the flexible wheel 203 and the rigid wheel 204 form a harmonic reducer, that is, the harmonic drive system of the present invention not only includes a first-order harmonic reducer, a second-order harmonic reducer
  • the steering gear set also includes at least one third-order transmission gear set, as long as the total reduction ratio is greater than or equal to 50 and less than or equal to 100.
  • the rated rotational speed of the rotary drive mechanism 100 is greater than or equal to 4000 RPM and less than or equal to 10000 RPM.
  • a bearing preloading device 102 is further included, a bearing is provided on the end of the flexible wheel 203 away from the first input part, and the bearing preloading device 102 is arranged between the bearing and the rotational drive Between the shells of the mechanism 100, it is used to limit the movement of the flexible wheel 203 in the axial direction.
  • the bearing preloading device 102 may be a wave spring.
  • the first bearing may be a ball bearing or a needle bearing , where the ball bearing can be a deep groove ball bearing.
  • a third one-way clutch (not shown) is further disposed between the elliptical cam 202 and the rotary drive mechanism 100 , and the third one-way clutch may be a one-way roller bearing.
  • the present invention also provides an electric power-assisted bicycle, which includes a frame, and the frame is provided with a high reduction ratio system, the high reduction ratio system includes the harmonic drive system of the above embodiment, and also includes a cycloid gear and a transmission system with a small tooth difference, the total reduction ratio of the high reduction ratio system is greater than or equal to 50 and less than or equal to 100.
  • the transmission system with a small tooth difference may be a meshing pair with a small tooth difference, a planet with a small tooth difference Gear transmission and other structures.
  • the electric bicycle includes a frame, a central axle and a chain disc, wherein the frame further includes an inclined tube, a middle tube and a bottom bracket, and one end of the harmonic drive system close to the wave generator is placed in the middle tube, The end away from the wave generator is arranged in the five-way pipe, and the rotation driving mechanism 100 is arranged in the middle pipe close to the wave generator.
  • the harmonic drive system further includes a battery
  • the battery may be a rechargeable battery
  • the battery may be installed in the middle tube or the inclined tube, the battery is electrically connected with the rotary drive machine, and is used to provide the work of the rotary drive mechanism 100 required electrical energy.
  • the transmission chain of the harmonic transmission system of the present invention is that the rotating drive mechanism 100 drives the elliptical cam 202 to rotate, which in turn drives the flexible wheel 203 to rotate, one end of the first connecting shaft 301 is fixedly connected with the flexible wheel 203, and the other end is fixedly connected to the flexible wheel 203.
  • a first gear 302 is provided, the first connecting shaft 301 rotates with the flexible wheel 203, one end of the second connecting shaft 303 is provided with a second gear 304, the second gear 304 meshes with the first gear 302, and the other end is an output part, and outputs
  • the first one-way clutch 300 is also sleeved on the second connecting shaft 303, and the first one-way clutch 300 is provided with a torsion sensor 103.
  • the torsion sensor 103 has an inner ring capable of accommodating the central shaft, and then the first one-way clutch 300 is provided with a torsion sensor 103.
  • the two connecting shafts 303 are connected to the center shaft through the first one-way clutch 300; the first connecting shaft 301 and the first gear 302 are connected through the second one-way clutch 305, and the elliptical cam 202 and the output end of the rotary drive mechanism 100 are connected through the second one-way clutch 305.
  • Three one-way clutches are connected.
  • the harmonic drive system of the present invention adopts the combination of the steering gear set and the harmonic reducer to reduce the volume and weight of the harmonic drive device, so that the harmonic drive system can be installed in the frame, thereby improving other parts.
  • the flexibility of design and configuration compared with the structure of the traditional harmonic drive system hanging outside the frame, the harmonic drive system of the present invention can be hidden in the frame, which can improve the appearance aesthetic design, and the harmonic deceleration has high performance.
  • the characteristics of reduction ratio, high engagement rate, small size, light weight, low noise and high transmission accuracy can effectively improve the battery life and the smooth running of the electric moped, and improve the riding comfort.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Retarders (AREA)
  • Connection Of Motors, Electrical Generators, Mechanical Devices, And The Like (AREA)
  • Gear Transmission (AREA)

Abstract

一种谐波传动系统及电动助力车，该系统通过传动齿轮装置连接转动驱动机构（100）与链盘以及中轴，传动齿轮装置包括波发生器、柔轮（203）和刚轮（204）并形成谐波减速器，可降低应用在电动助力车上的减速器的体积和重量，并且该谐波传动系统能够安装在车架内，可提升外观美学设计，此外，以波发生器、柔轮（203）和刚轮（204）形成的谐波减速器具有高减速比、啮合率高、体积小、重量轻、低噪音以及高传动精度的优点，可有效提高电动助力车的电池续航能力，保证该谐波传动系统运转平顺，以提高骑乘电动助力车的舒适度。

Description

一种谐波传动系统及电动助力车 技术领域
本发明涉及助力车传动技术的技术领域，尤其涉及一种谐波传动系统及电动助力车。
 背景技术
助力自行车，是一种新型二轮车辆，属于自行车的一种，以电池作为辅助动力来源，安有电机,并具备动力辅助系统，能实现人力骑行和电机助动一体化的新型交通工具。扭力传感器是助力自行车电动助力系统理解骑行者意图的核心部件，由于扭力传感器的存在使得在骑行过程中，能够根据所测得的扭力来调整电动自行车的电机输出功率，提高骑乘的舒适度。
目前，助力自行车的行星齿轮传动装置主要有减速比较低、重量较重、体积较大、噪音较大以及传动精度较低等缺点，由于其减速比较低、重量较重等问题，因此对于电动马达的需求功率较大，进而影响电池的续航力。
发明内容
为解决现有技术中存在的上述问题，本发明提供了.一种电动助力车的谐波传动系统，安装在车架内，包括传动齿轮装置以及转动驱动机构，其中，所述传动齿轮装置包括：波发生器，包括柔性轴承以及椭圆凸轮，所述椭圆凸轮设置在所述柔性轴承内并使所述柔性轴承形变为椭圆状，所述转动驱动机与所述椭圆凸轮连接并带动所述椭圆凸轮转动；柔轮，具有外齿圈，所述柔性轴承套接在所述柔轮内并使所述柔轮形变为椭圆状；刚轮，具有与所述外齿圈相啮合的内齿圈，所述柔轮通过所述椭圆凸轮驱动而相对所述刚轮转动；转向齿轮组，具有第一输入部、第二输入部以及输出部，其中，所述第一输入部与所述柔轮连接并且随所述柔轮转动，所述输出部与链盘相连接并带动链盘转动；第一单向离合器，用于连接所述第二输入部与中轴。
进一步地，所述第一输入部包括第一连接轴以及设置在所述第一连接轴一端的第一齿轮，所述第二输入部包括第二连接轴以及设置在所述第二连接轴一端的第二齿轮，所述第一齿轮与所述第二齿轮相啮合。
进一步地，所述输出部与所述链盘之间还设置有至少一个传动齿轮组，至少一个所述传动齿轮组为直齿轮、伞齿轮、行星轮系或摆线轮中的一种或几种。
进一步地，所述转动驱动机构为无刷直流马达或有刷直流马达，并且所述转动驱动机构的额定转速大于或等于4000RPM且小于或等于10000RPM。
进一步地，还包括轴承预压装置，所述柔轮上远离所述第一输入部的一端设置有轴承，所述轴承预压装置设置在所述轴承与所述转动驱动机构外壳之间。
进一步地，所述轴承预压装置为波形弹簧。
进一步地，还包括壳体，所述传动齿轮装置设置在所述壳体内，并且所述刚轮与所述壳体螺纹固接。
进一步地，还包括至少一个第一轴承，所述第一连接轴的一端套接在所述第一轴承内并与所述柔轮连接。
进一步地，所述第一齿轮与所述第一连接轴之间通过第二单向离合器连接。
所述第一齿轮具有套筒端，所述第二单向离合器设置在所述套筒端内，所述第一连接轴的一端插接在所述第二单向离合器的内圈中。
进一步地，所述椭圆凸轮与所述转动驱动机构的输出端之间通过第三单向离合器连接。
本发明还提供一种电动助力车，包括车架，所述车架上具有一高减速比系统，所述高减速比系统包括如上述实施例的谐波传动系统，还包括摆线齿轮以及少齿差传动系统，所述高减速比系统的总减速比大于等于50且小于等于100。
本发明主要具有以下有益效果：
本发明通过传动齿轮装置连接转动驱动机构与链盘以及中轴，传动齿轮装置包括波发生器、柔轮和刚轮并形成谐波减速器，可降低应用在电动助力车上的减速器的体积和重量，并且该谐波传动系统能够安装在车架内，可提升外观美学设计，此外，以波发生器、柔轮和刚轮形成的谐波减速器具有高减速比、啮合率高、体积小、重量轻、低噪音以及高传动精度的优点，可有效提高电动助力车的电池续航能力，保证该谐波传动系统运转平顺，以提高骑乘电动助力车的舒适度。
 附图说明
图1是本发明实施例的谐波传动系统的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，以下结合附图及实施例，对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅用以解释本发明，并不用于限定本发明。
参照图1所示的一种电动助力车的谐波传动系统，其包括壳体101、传动齿轮装置以及转动驱动机构100，壳体101安装在车架上，传动齿轮装置容置在壳体101内，该转动驱动机构100可以是无刷直流马达或者是有刷直流马达，具体的，该传动齿轮装置包括波发生器、柔轮203、刚轮204以及转向齿轮组，该波发生器又包括柔性轴承201以及椭圆凸轮202，转向齿轮组包括第一输入部、第二输入部以及输出部，其中第一输入部与柔轮203连接并且随柔轮203转动进而能够驱使输出部输出谐波转动，而输出部与电动助力车的链盘连接，第二输入部与中轴连接，用于传递中轴的动力至链盘；在一些实施例中，柔性轴承201具有用于容置椭圆凸轮202的内圈，将椭圆凸轮202置于该内圈时会使柔性轴承201形变为椭圆状，藉此椭圆凸轮202和柔性轴承201组合为波发生器，柔轮203具有第一端和第二端，并且柔轮203为杯形，柔轮203的第一端称为杯口，第二端称为杯底，柔轮203的第一端具有外齿圈，波发生器设置在第一端内并且使柔轮203的第一端形变为椭圆状，所述刚轮204具有与外齿圈相啮合的内齿圈，并且刚轮204固定于壳体101上；波发生器、柔轮203以及刚轮204相组合形成谐波减速器，转动驱动机构100驱使椭圆凸轮202带动柔轮203在刚轮204内并相对刚轮204转动，并且能够大幅降低输出的转速。
在一些实施例中，所述第一输入部包括第一连接轴301以及设置在第一连接轴301一端的第一齿轮302，具体的，所述第一齿轮302具有内圈，并且第一齿轮302套接在第一连接轴301的一端，更进一步的，第一齿轮302与第一连接轴301之间设置有第二单向离合器305，所述第一齿轮302具有套筒端，所述第二单向离合器305设置在所述套筒端内，所述第一连接轴301的一端插接在所述第二单向离合器305的内圈中，该第二单向离合器305可以是常规的滚柱型单向离合器或者是撑柱型单向离合器，第一连接轴301上远离第一齿轮302的一端与柔轮203固定连接并且第一连接轴301随柔轮203转动。
而在另外一些实施例中，第一连接轴301以及第一齿轮302上用于套接第二单向离合器305的套筒端分别套接在轴承内。
所述第二输入部包括第二连接轴303以及设置在第二连接轴303一端的第二齿轮304，第一齿轮302与第二齿轮304相啮合，第二连接轴303与中轴之间通过第一单向离合器300连接；需要说明的是，所述输出部位于所述第二连接轴303上相对远离所述第二齿轮304的一端，即第二输入部与输出部均为第二连接轴303，在一些实施例中，还包括扭力传感器103，该扭力传感器103容置在第一单向离合器300内，并且扭力传感器103套接在中轴上。第一输入部与第二输入部的转动轴心线呈90°，即第一齿轮302与第二齿轮304可以是通过锥齿轮啮合连接，其还可以是两个戟齿轮啮合、或外齿轮与面齿轮啮合、或蜗轮与鼓形蜗杆传动、或涡轮以及圆筒蜗杆传动等方式。
在一些实施例中，所述输出部与链盘之间还设置有至少一个传动齿轮组，至少一个所述传动齿轮组为直齿轮、伞齿轮、行星轮系或摆线轮中的一种或几种，具体的，所述波发生器、所述柔轮203以及所述刚轮204形成谐波减速器，即，本发明的谐波传动系统不仅包括一阶的谐波减速器、二阶的转向齿轮组，还包括至少一个三阶的传动齿轮组，只要满足总减速比大于等于50且小于等于100即可。
在一些实施例中，所述转动驱动机构100的额定转速大于或等于4000RPM且小于或等于10000RPM。
在一些实施例中，还包括轴承预压装置102，所述柔轮203上远离所述第一输入部的一端设置有轴承，所述轴承预压装置102设置在所述轴承与所述转动驱动机构100外壳之间，用于限制柔轮203在轴线方向上的移动，具体的，该轴承预压装置102可以是波形弹簧。
在一些实施例中，还包括至少一个第一轴承，第一连接轴301的一端套接在第一轴承内并与所述柔轮203连接，该第一轴承可以是滚珠轴承或者是滚针轴承，其中滚珠轴承可以是深沟球轴承。
在一些实施例中，椭圆凸轮202与转动驱动机构100之间还设置有第三单向离合器（图未示），该第三单向离合器可以是单向滚子轴承。
本发明还提出一种电动助力车，该电动助力车包括车架，所述车架上具有一高减速比系统，所述高减速比系统包括如上述实施例的谐波传动系统，还包括摆线齿轮以及少齿差传动系统，所述高减速比系统的总减速比大于等于50且小于等于100，在一些实施例中，所述少齿差传动系统可以是少齿差啮合副、少齿差行星齿轮传动等结构。
在一些实施例中，电动助力车包括车架、中轴以及链盘，其中，车架又包括斜管、中管以及五通管，该谐波传动系统靠近波发生器的一端置于中管内，而远离波发生器的一端则设置于五通管内，转动驱动机构100靠近波发生器而设置在中管内。
在一些实施例中，该谐波传动系统还包括电池，该电池可以是充电电池，并且该电池可以安装在中管或斜管内，电池与转动驱动机电性连接，用于提供转动驱动机构100工作所需的电能。
需要说明的是，本发明的谐波传动系统的传动链为，转动驱动机构100带动椭圆凸轮202转动，进而带动柔轮203转动，第一连接轴301的一端与柔轮203固定连接，另一端设置有第一齿轮302，第一连接轴301随柔轮203转动，第二连接轴303的一端设置第二齿轮304，第二齿轮304与第一齿轮302啮合，另一端为输出部，并且输出部连接链盘；第二连接轴303上还套接有第一单向离合器300，第一单向离合器300内设置有扭力传感器103，扭力传感器103具有能够容置中轴的内圈，进而第二连接轴303通过第一单向离合器300连接中轴；而第一连接轴301与第一齿轮302之间通过第二单向离合器305连接，椭圆凸轮202与转动驱动机构100的输出端通过第三单向离合器连接。
本发明的谐波传动系统采用转向齿轮组以及谐波减速器相配合的方式，降低谐波传动装置的体积以及重量，使得该谐波传动系统能够安装在车架内，藉此可以提升其他零件设计以及配置的灵活性，相比于传统的谐波传动系统挂在车架外部的结构，本发明的谐波传动系统可以隐藏在车架中，可提升外观美学设计，并且谐波减速具有高减速比、啮合率高、体积小、重量轻、低噪音以及高传动精度等特点，可以有效提高电池续航能力以及电动助力车的运转平顺性，提高骑乘时的舒适度。
以上所述是本发明的优选实施方式，应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明原理的前提下，还可以做出若干改进和润饰，这些改进和润饰也视为本发明的保护范围。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种谐波传动系统，安装在车架内，其特征在于，包括传动齿轮装置以及转动驱动机构，其中，所述传动齿轮装置包括：
    波发生器，包括柔性轴承以及椭圆凸轮，所述椭圆凸轮设置在所述柔性轴承内并使所述柔性轴承形变为椭圆状，所述转动驱动机与所述椭圆凸轮连接并带动所述椭圆凸轮转动；
    柔轮，具有外齿圈，所述柔性轴承套接在所述柔轮内并使所述柔轮形变为椭圆状；
    刚轮，具有与所述外齿圈相啮合的内齿圈，所述柔轮通过所述椭圆凸轮驱动而相对所述刚轮转动；
    转向齿轮组，具有第一输入部、第二输入部以及输出部，其中，所述第一输入部与所述柔轮连接并且随所述柔轮转动，所述输出部与链盘相连接并带动链盘转动；
    第一单向离合器，用于连接所述第二输入部与中轴。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种谐波传动系统，其特征在于，所述第一输入部包括第一连接轴以及设置在所述第一连接轴一端的第一齿轮，所述第二输入部包括第二连接轴以及设置在所述第二连接轴一端的第二齿轮，所述第一齿轮与所述第二齿轮相啮合。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的一种谐波传动系统，其特征在于，所述输出部与所述链盘之间还设置有至少一个传动齿轮组，至少一个所述传动齿轮组为直齿轮、伞齿轮、行星轮系或摆线轮中的一种或几种。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的一种谐波传动系统，其特征在于，所述转动驱动机构为无刷直流马达或有刷直流马达，并且所述转动驱动机构的额定转速大于或等于4000RPM且小于或等于10000RPM。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的一种谐波传动系统，其特征在于，还包括轴承预压装置，所述柔轮上远离所述第一输入部的一端设置有轴承，所述轴承预压装置设置在所述轴承与所述转动驱动机构外壳之间。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的一种谐波传动系统，其特征在于，还包括壳体，所述传动齿轮装置设置在所述壳体内，并且所述刚轮与所述壳体螺纹固接。
  7. 根据权利要求2所述的一种谐波传动系统，其特征在于，所述第一齿轮与所述第一连接轴之间通过第二单向离合器连接。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的一种谐波传动系统，其特征在于，所述第一齿轮具有套筒端，所述第二单向离合器设置在所述套筒端内，所述第一连接轴的一端插接在所述第二单向离合器的内圈中。
  9. 根据权利要求2所述的一种谐波传动系统，其特征在于，所述椭圆凸轮与所述转动驱动机构的输出端之间通过第三单向离合器连接。
  10. 一种电动助力车，包括车架，其特征在于，所述车架上具有一高减速比系统，所述高减速比系统包括如权利要求1至9任一项所述的谐波传动系统，还包括摆线齿轮以及少齿差传动系统，所述高减速比系统的总减速比大于等于50且小于等于100。
PCT/CN2020/116660 2019-11-15 2020-09-22 一种谐波传动系统及电动助力车 WO2022052154A1 (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
TW108141641A TWI738117B (zh) 2019-11-15 2019-11-15 電動助力車諧波傳動系統
CN202010935181.2 2020-09-08
CN202010935181.2A CN111927935A (zh) 2019-11-15 2020-09-08 一种谐波传动系统及电动助力车

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2022052154A1 true WO2022052154A1 (zh) 2022-03-17

Family

ID=72087909

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/CN2020/116660 WO2022052154A1 (zh) 2019-11-15 2020-09-22 一种谐波传动系统及电动助力车

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US11713097B2 (zh)
EP (1) EP3822154B1 (zh)
JP (1) JP7121095B2 (zh)
CN (4) CN211599452U (zh)
TW (2) TWI738117B (zh)
WO (1) WO2022052154A1 (zh)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
TWI705022B (zh) * 2018-12-13 2020-09-21 李岳翰 自行車輔助動力之傳動機構
CN112078719A (zh) * 2020-10-19 2020-12-15 珠海市钧兴机电有限公司 一种中置电机的助力自行车
DE102020130601B3 (de) * 2020-11-19 2022-03-10 Fazua Gmbh Antriebsvorrichtung für ein Elektrofahrrad und Elektrofahrrad
CN116877588B (zh) * 2023-09-08 2023-11-21 浙江万里扬新能源驱动有限公司杭州分公司 离合器、驱动装置及摩托车
CN117537053B (zh) * 2024-01-10 2024-04-19 常州市佳博机械制造有限公司 差速输出机构

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN202827976U (zh) * 2012-08-17 2013-03-27 赵勇 谐波减速电动助力自行车
US20140083245A1 (en) * 2012-09-26 2014-03-27 Chun-Shen YEH Harmonic reducer with clutch function
TW201420415A (zh) * 2012-11-30 2014-06-01 Yuan-Chi Chang 電動自行車諧波減速驅動器
CN105805233A (zh) * 2014-12-30 2016-07-27 哈尔滨爱坦科技有限公司 谐波齿轮减速器
TWM593362U (zh) * 2019-11-15 2020-04-11 中國大陸商珠海市鈞興機電有限公司 電動助力車諧波傳動系統
CN111425580A (zh) * 2020-04-13 2020-07-17 贾瑞清 一种谐波减速器及驱动器

Family Cites Families (22)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH08276888A (ja) * 1995-04-05 1996-10-22 Tokyo R & D:Kk クラッチユニット
JPH10114293A (ja) * 1996-10-11 1998-05-06 Tec Corp 電動補助動力装置付自転車
JP2001163287A (ja) * 1999-09-30 2001-06-19 Honda Motor Co Ltd 電動補助車両の電動補助ユニット
WO2002053450A1 (en) * 2000-12-29 2002-07-11 Harold Spanski Power-assist system and method for bicycles
JP5418239B2 (ja) * 2010-01-14 2014-02-19 株式会社デンソーウェーブ 波動歯車減速機ユニット、及び、その製造方法
TWM407881U (en) * 2010-11-30 2011-07-21 J D Components Co Ltd Inner variable speed wheel hub for power-driven bicycle
CN102442399B (zh) * 2011-11-04 2014-07-30 陈戈平 无手动调速脚踏电动助力自行车中置传动装置
EP3929469B1 (de) * 2013-03-20 2024-06-12 TQ-Systems GmbH Harmonisches pinring-getriebe
EP2799327B1 (en) * 2013-05-03 2016-05-25 Methode Electronics Malta Ltd. A freewheel hub comprising a magneto-elastic sensor and bicycle, pedelec, fast pedelec or e-bike comprising the freewheel hub
US9227694B2 (en) * 2013-07-31 2016-01-05 Shimano Inc. Bicycle drive unit
TW201534525A (zh) * 2014-03-03 2015-09-16 Harmonic Innovation Technology Co Ltd 高扭力動力模組
DE102015100676B3 (de) * 2015-01-19 2016-06-09 Unicorn Energy GmbH Antriebsbaugruppe für ein manuell angetriebenes Fahrzeug mit einem elektrischen Hilfsantrieb, Verfahren zum Regeln einer solchen Antriebsbaugruppe und Verwendung, Verfahren zum Regeln eines Fahrzeuges und Fahrzeug
US9783262B2 (en) * 2015-04-07 2017-10-10 Tangent Motor Company Electric drive unit
JP6879672B2 (ja) * 2016-04-28 2021-06-02 ヤマハ発動機株式会社 駆動ユニット及び電動補助自転車
DE102016120544B4 (de) * 2016-10-27 2019-05-02 Amprio Gmbh Antriebseinrichtung für ein elektromotorisch und mit Muskelkraft hybrid betriebenes Elektrofahrrad
DE102017212347A1 (de) * 2017-07-19 2019-01-24 Robert Bosch Gmbh Tretlagerantrieb eines Fahrrads
JP7127976B2 (ja) * 2017-10-13 2022-08-30 株式会社シマノ 自転車用ドライブユニット
DE102017219601A1 (de) * 2017-11-06 2019-05-09 Zf Friedrichshafen Ag Antriebsanordnung eines Pedelecs
TWI650497B (zh) * 2017-12-18 2019-02-11 國立虎尾科技大學 中空型諧波齒輪箱結構
TW201930134A (zh) * 2018-01-05 2019-08-01 黃永松 管式離合器自行車電力驅動裝置
JP7054817B2 (ja) * 2018-03-13 2022-04-15 パナソニックＩｐマネジメント株式会社 ケースの取付構造及び電動自転車
CN109866866A (zh) * 2019-04-11 2019-06-11 舍弗勒技术股份两合公司 电动助力车及传动装置

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN202827976U (zh) * 2012-08-17 2013-03-27 赵勇 谐波减速电动助力自行车
US20140083245A1 (en) * 2012-09-26 2014-03-27 Chun-Shen YEH Harmonic reducer with clutch function
TW201420415A (zh) * 2012-11-30 2014-06-01 Yuan-Chi Chang 電動自行車諧波減速驅動器
CN105805233A (zh) * 2014-12-30 2016-07-27 哈尔滨爱坦科技有限公司 谐波齿轮减速器
TWM593362U (zh) * 2019-11-15 2020-04-11 中國大陸商珠海市鈞興機電有限公司 電動助力車諧波傳動系統
CN111425580A (zh) * 2020-04-13 2020-07-17 贾瑞清 一种谐波减速器及驱动器

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP7121095B2 (ja) 2022-08-17
TW202120377A (zh) 2021-06-01
US11713097B2 (en) 2023-08-01
US20210147034A1 (en) 2021-05-20
TWI738117B (zh) 2021-09-01
JP2021079940A (ja) 2021-05-27
EP3822154B1 (en) 2023-05-03
CN211599452U (zh) 2020-09-29
CN212616174U (zh) 2021-02-26
EP3822154A1 (en) 2021-05-19
CN111927935A (zh) 2020-11-13
TWM613076U (zh) 2021-06-11
CN112815067A (zh) 2021-05-18

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
WO2022052154A1 (zh) 一种谐波传动系统及电动助力车
US8590655B2 (en) Pedal driven apparatus having a motor
WO2016011921A1 (zh) 电动自行车用可变减速比的轮毂电机
CN101873963B (zh) 用于提高自行车行驶速度的加速系统
TWM453636U (zh) 電助力自行車之中置動力輸出機構
WO2021243780A1 (zh) 一种驱动与变速一体式中置装置及电助力自行车
TWM398728U (en) Reduction gear set hub motor
CN216834139U (zh) 一种电动助力自行车无级变速器
CN206766268U (zh) 轮毂电机和配置该轮毂电机的电动自行车
TWM597833U (zh) 電動助力車諧波傳動系統
TWI711780B (zh) 電動助力車諧波傳動系統
TWM593362U (zh) 電動助力車諧波傳動系統
CN207955892U (zh) 童车的车轮组件及童车
TWI822580B (zh) 縮小電動自行車助力裝置
TWI786567B (zh) 具一階漸開線少齒差行星齒輪減速傳動機構之外轉子式輪轂電機的電動自行車助力裝置
TWI822582B (zh) 縮小電動自行車助力機構
WO2019154402A1 (zh) 一种横置同轴差减一体电动桥
TWI773222B (zh) 具一階漸開線少齒差行星齒輪減速傳動機構之內轉子式輪轂電機的電動自行車助力裝置
TWI764556B (zh) 具二階行星齒輪減速傳動機構之外轉子式輪轂電機的電動自行車助力裝置
CN219295620U (zh) 一种使用柔性减速器的中置电机
TWI779427B (zh) 具二階行星齒輪減速傳動機構之內轉子式輪轂電機的電動自行車助力裝置
CN211183671U (zh) 一种轮毂电机
TWM621466U (zh) 自行車輪軸驅動機構
TWM425093U (en) Power output mechanism for electric power-assisted bicycle
TW201328932A (zh) 混合動力載具驅動裝置

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 20952941

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE

122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase

Ref document number: 20952941

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1