WO2022048526A1 - 一种摇枕及转向架 - Google Patents

一种摇枕及转向架 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022048526A1
WO2022048526A1 PCT/CN2021/115547 CN2021115547W WO2022048526A1 WO 2022048526 A1 WO2022048526 A1 WO 2022048526A1 CN 2021115547 W CN2021115547 W CN 2021115547W WO 2022048526 A1 WO2022048526 A1 WO 2022048526A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
bolster
gap
frame
seat
bogie
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PCT/CN2021/115547
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
陈姝枚
刘余龙
王志明
黄晓青
吴才香
何桥
Original Assignee
中车株洲电力机车有限公司
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Application filed by 中车株洲电力机车有限公司 filed Critical 中车株洲电力机车有限公司
Priority to MX2023002743A priority Critical patent/MX2023002743A/es
Publication of WO2022048526A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022048526A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61F—RAIL VEHICLE SUSPENSIONS, e.g. UNDERFRAMES, BOGIES OR ARRANGEMENTS OF WHEEL AXLES; RAIL VEHICLES FOR USE ON TRACKS OF DIFFERENT WIDTH; PREVENTING DERAILING OF RAIL VEHICLES; WHEEL GUARDS, OBSTRUCTION REMOVERS OR THE LIKE FOR RAIL VEHICLES
    • B61F5/00—Constructional details of bogies; Connections between bogies and vehicle underframes; Arrangements or devices for adjusting or allowing self-adjustment of wheel axles or bogies when rounding curves
    • B61F5/02—Arrangements permitting limited transverse relative movements between vehicle underframe or bolster and bogie; Connections between underframes and bogies
    • B61F5/04—Bolster supports or mountings
    • B61F5/10—Bolster supports or mountings incorporating fluid springs
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61F—RAIL VEHICLE SUSPENSIONS, e.g. UNDERFRAMES, BOGIES OR ARRANGEMENTS OF WHEEL AXLES; RAIL VEHICLES FOR USE ON TRACKS OF DIFFERENT WIDTH; PREVENTING DERAILING OF RAIL VEHICLES; WHEEL GUARDS, OBSTRUCTION REMOVERS OR THE LIKE FOR RAIL VEHICLES
    • B61F5/00—Constructional details of bogies; Connections between bogies and vehicle underframes; Arrangements or devices for adjusting or allowing self-adjustment of wheel axles or bogies when rounding curves
    • B61F5/02—Arrangements permitting limited transverse relative movements between vehicle underframe or bolster and bogie; Connections between underframes and bogies
    • B61F5/04—Bolster supports or mountings
    • B61F5/12—Bolster supports or mountings incorporating dampers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T30/00—Transportation of goods or passengers via railways, e.g. energy recovery or reducing air resistance

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the design of a rail vehicle bogie frame, in particular to a bolster and a bogie.
  • the bogies of most rail vehicles are equipped with a separate integral hoisting wire rope device (such as a maglev rail vehicle and its bogie disclosed in the current patent CN106476832A), or the structure of the latch realizes the lifting (as disclosed in the current patent CN209553199U).
  • bogie integral lifting device all of which are complex in structure and easy to wear, which greatly threatens the safety of the bogie and the car body when lifting, and the current design of the bogie has higher requirements for compact structure and light weight.
  • the front and back of the bolster in normal use, the upper surface of the bolster is the front, and the lower surface is called the back;
  • the width direction of the bolster the connecting line between the two spring mounting seats is the length direction of the bolster, and the width direction of the bolster is perpendicular to the length direction;
  • the inner side of the frame refers to the space between the beams on both sides of the H-shaped frame.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a bolster and a bogie, which can realize the integral lifting of the bogie.
  • the technical scheme of the present invention is: a bolster, comprising a bolster body, and a mounting seat arranged in the middle of the bolster body, one end of the mounting seat is connected to the back of the bolster body, and the other end is directed away from the bolster body.
  • the bolster body extends in the direction of the bolster body, and the other end is further provided with bolster lifting seats protruding toward both ends of the bolster body in the width direction.
  • the protruding bolster hoisting seat enables the bolster to be hoisted integrally with the frame, avoiding the safety problems when the bogie and the vehicle body are hoisted by the bolts and wire ropes used in the prior art.
  • the two mounting seats are arranged opposite to each other along the length direction of the bolster body.
  • a lateral stop can be installed inside the mounting seat.
  • a gap is formed in the middle of the other end of the mounting seat.
  • the shock absorber can be installed in the notch.
  • the structure of the above-mentioned mounting seat can install the shock absorber and the lateral stop at the same time.
  • the installation position of the lateral stop in the frame is optimized, and the overall structure of the frame is also optimized, which not only meets the requirements of lightweight design, but also ensures the frame.
  • the compact structure can also realize the overall lifting of the bolster; on the other hand, it is necessary to ensure that the optimized structure and the change of the installation position have no impact on the stability of the vehicle; (Shock absorber mount and lateral stop mount) are integrated into one mount, reducing the number of parts to be processed, reducing the location of parts installed on the frame and reducing the number of welds on the frame, making the frame structure lighter It is of great benefit to the improvement of the quality and safety of rail vehicles.
  • a plurality of ribs are arranged at intervals on the opposite sides of the two mounting seats.
  • the middle part of the front face of the bolster body is provided with a boss that protrudes in a direction away from the bolster;
  • the boss includes two semi-arc-shaped bosses oppositely arranged along the length direction of the bolster body a platform; a through hole is vertically opened on the boss.
  • the slewing support is connected by the boss, the stability of the whole vehicle is improved, and the relative rotation of the vehicle body and the bogie is realized.
  • the through-hole design realizes the non-threaded hole installation of the bolster and the car body, avoiding the risk of thread slippage.
  • the present invention also provides a bogie, including a frame and a bolster, the frame is provided with an air spring, and two ends of the bolster are provided with two-tie spring mounting seats; the bolster is The bolster described in the above technical solution; the frame is connected with the secondary spring mounting seat through the air spring.
  • the bolster lifting seat cooperates with the frame lifting seat to provide a convenient and safe lifting method for the overall lifting.
  • the frame is provided with a frame lifting seat, and the frame lifting seat is located above the bolster lifting seat and has a gap in the vertical direction with the bolster lifting seat.
  • the gap includes a gap S and a gap D, wherein the gap D is a variable gap, and the gap S is a fixed gap;
  • the frame lifting seat includes a seat body, a bolt and at least one spacer; at least one of the spacers It is mounted on the seat body by bolts, a gap D is formed between the gasket installed at the bottom and the bolster lifting seat, and a gap S is formed by the thickness of all the mounted gaskets.
  • variable clearance and fixed clearance can be adjusted flexibly by adding or reducing spacers, so that the reasonable clearance between the bogie and frame of different models can reach the optimum value.
  • the variable clearance can make the whole vehicle have a better lifting and relaxation function during the lifting process, and the fixed clearance can effectively ensure a reasonable clearance between the bogie and the body to avoid overcharging of the air spring.
  • the air spring and the bolster are vertically provided with a gap d in the vertical direction, and the gap d ⁇ the gap S.
  • the first gap is a reasonable gap to avoid overcharging of the air spring. During the lifting process, the first gap remains unchanged.
  • the lateral stop is installed on the mounting seat and faces the inner side of the frame; one end of the shock absorber is connected to the frame, and the other end is connected to the installation The seats are connected; the shock absorber is arranged below the opposite side of the lateral stop.
  • the installation position of the lateral stop is optimized, and the unique integral lifting structure of the bolster integrates the lateral stop mounting seat to realize the assembly of the lateral stop, and integrates the shock absorber mounting seat to realize the assembly of the shock absorber, which is compact and effective. design space.
  • the outer end of the secondary spring mounting seat matches the shape of the air spring.
  • the bolster integrates the functions of load-bearing connection, integral hoisting, lateral stopper mounting and limiting air spring overcharge, saving the installation space of the vehicle and the design space of the bogie, improving the safety of the whole hoisting, extremely Greatly reduce maintenance and operating costs;
  • the new structure of the bolster adopts a compact design, makes full use of the design space, ingeniously realizes the load-bearing connection, lateral mounting seat, integral lifting and restricting the overcharge structure of the air spring, and also ensures the structural strength of the bolster. Under the premise of meeting the design requirements and use requirements, the arrangement space of other equipment is guaranteed to the maximum extent, and the number of welding seams of the rail vehicle as a whole is reduced, which is beneficial to the improvement of the quality and safety of the rail vehicle;
  • the structural design of the bolster hoisting seat and the frame hoisting seat effectively guarantees a reasonable gap between the bogie and the car body, and has the structural characteristics of limiting the overcharge of the air spring, reducing the manufacturing and maintenance costs;
  • the new structure of the bolster realizes the unthreaded hole installation between the car body and the bogie, avoiding the risk of thread slippage.
  • Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the bolster provided by the present invention
  • Fig. 2 is the three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the bogie provided by the present invention.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic view taken along A-A of Fig. 2 and rotated;
  • Fig. 4 is the enlarged schematic diagram at I place in Fig. 3;
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram taken along B-B of Fig. 2 and rotated;
  • Figure 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the connection between the frame lifting seat and the bolster lifting seat
  • FIG. 7 is an enlarged schematic diagram of part II in FIG. 6 .
  • a bolster provided in this embodiment includes a bolster body 11 and two-tie spring mounting seats 12 disposed at both ends of the bolster body 11 .
  • the middle of the bolster body 11 extends from the bolster body 11
  • the front of the bolster body 11 is recessed.
  • the upper surface of the bolster body 11 is the front surface
  • the lower surface is the back surface.
  • Block 133 It also includes a mounting seat 13 arranged on the back of the bolster body 11, one end of the mounting seat 13 is connected to the back of the bolster body 11, and the other end is provided with a bolster hoisting protruding toward both ends of the bolster in the width direction. Block 133.
  • the two mounting seats 13 There are two mounting seats 13, and the two mounting seats 13 are arranged opposite to each other along the length direction of the bolster body 11 at intervals.
  • a gap 134 is formed in the middle of the other end of the mounting seat 13 .
  • a plurality of rib plates 132 are arranged on the opposite sides of the two mounting bases 13 at intervals. The number of the ribs 132 is 2-3, and the position of the notch 134 needs to be avoided.
  • the middle part of the front face of the bolster body 11 is provided with a boss 14 for connecting with the vehicle body; the boss 14 includes two oppositely arranged semi-arc bosses.
  • the protruding direction of the boss 14 is opposite to the concave direction of the middle part of the bolster body 11 .
  • a through hole 141 is vertically opened on the boss 14 .
  • the bolster body 11 is designed with a through hole, which plays a role of light weight.
  • this embodiment also provides a bogie, which includes the aforementioned bolster 1 , a frame 2 , a slewing support 3 , and an air spring 4 .
  • the bolster 1 is connected with the slewing support 3 through the boss 14 thereon, so as to realize the relative rotation of the vehicle body and the bogie.
  • the bolster 1 is connected to the air spring 4 installed on the frame 2 through the second tie spring mounting seat 12 at the end.
  • the outer end of the second tie spring mounting seat 12 matches the shape of the air spring 4 to ensure connection stability.
  • the frame 2 is provided with a frame lifting seat 21 .
  • the frame lifting seat 21 is located above the bolster lifting seat 133 and has a gap with the bolster lifting seat 133 in the vertical direction. .
  • the gap includes a gap S and a gap D, wherein the gap D is a variable gap, and the gap S is a fixed gap.
  • the frame hoisting base 21 includes a base body 211 , bolts 212 and at least one washer 213 ; at least one of the washers 213 is mounted on the base body 211 through the bolts 212 , and is mounted on the base body 211 .
  • a gap D is formed between the lowermost spacer 213 and the bolster lifting seat 133 , and the thickness of all the spacers 213 installed forms a gap S. When the bolster is lifted, the bolster lifting seat 133 contacts the gasket 213, and the gap D becomes smaller until zero.
  • the gap D is a variable gap
  • the gap S is a fixed gap.
  • the size adjustment of the gap D and the gap S can be realized by adding or reducing the spacer 213 .
  • the gap D can be flexibly adjusted through the bolts 212 and spacers 213, which can still ensure the fixed gap between the bogie and the vehicle body, and effectively realize the function of limiting the overcharge of the air spring.
  • the bogie further includes a shock absorber 5 and a lateral stop 6 .
  • the lateral stop 6 is mounted on the vertical plate of the mounting seat 13 through bolts and faces the inner side of the frame 2 .
  • One end of the shock absorber 5 is connected to the frame 2 , and the other end is connected to the notch 134 of the mounting seat 13 .
  • the shock absorber 5 is arranged below the opposite side of the lateral stop 6 .
  • the mounting seat 13 integrates the lateral stopper seat and the shock absorber mounting seat, which facilitates the installation and removal of the lateral stopper and the shock absorber, reduces manufacturing and maintenance costs, and utilizes the design space compactly and effectively.
  • the bolster 1 is a casting structure, and a unique integral hoisting structure is designed with the connecting parts of the bogie, which has the functions of a lateral stop mounting seat and a shock absorber seat while realizing the integral hoisting.
  • the design structure of the bolster lifting seat 133 of the bolster 1 the design structure of the frame lifting seat, and the cooperation relationship between the two provide a convenient and safe lifting method for the overall lifting.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Vehicle Body Suspensions (AREA)
  • Handcart (AREA)

Abstract

一种摇枕（1）及转向架。摇枕（1）包括摇枕本体（11），还包括设于摇枕本体（11）中部的安装座（13），安装座（13）的一端与摇枕本体（11）的背面连接，另一端向远离摇枕本体（11）的方向延伸，另一端还设有向摇枕本体（11）的宽度方向的两端凸伸的摇枕起吊座（133）。

Description

一种摇枕及转向架 技术领域
本发明涉及轨道车辆转向架构架的设计，尤其涉及一种摇枕及转向架。
背景技术
目前，大多数轨道车辆的转向架都设有单独的整体起吊钢丝绳装置(如现用专利CN106476832A公示的一种磁浮轨道车辆及其转向架)，或插销的结构实现起吊(如现用专利CN209553199U公示的转向架整体起吊装置)，其均结构复杂，易于磨损，极大威胁了转向架与车体起吊时的安全性，且现今转向架设计对结构紧凑型及轻量化要求较高。
如现用专利CN206465940U公示的摇枕，无法实现整体起吊。
另外，针对本案提及的方位名词，本领域技术人员通常认定如下：
摇枕的正面和背面：常规使用状态下，摇枕的上表面为正面，下表面称为背面；
摇枕的宽度方向：二系簧安装座之间的连线为摇枕的长度方向，垂直于长度方向为摇枕的宽度方向；
构架的内侧：指H形构架中，两边梁之间的空间。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种摇枕及转向架，能实现转向架的整体起吊。
本发明的技术方案是：一种摇枕，包括摇枕本体，还包括设于所述摇枕本体中部的安装座，所述安装座的一端与摇枕本体的背面连接，另一端向远离所述摇枕本体的方向延伸，所述另一端还设有向摇枕本体的宽度方向的两端凸伸的摇枕起吊座。
上述方案中，凸伸的摇枕起吊座使得摇枕能够与构架整体起吊，避免了现用技术中采用的插销、钢丝绳带来的转向架与车体起吊时的安全性问题。
优选的，所述安装座设有两个，两个所述安装座沿所述摇枕本体的长度方向间隔相对布置。由此，可在安装座内侧安装横向止挡。
优选的，所述安装座的另一端的中部开设有缺口。由此，可在缺口处安装减震器。
上述安装座的结构可同时安装减震器和横向止挡，一方面优化了横向止挡在构架中的安装位置，同时也优化了构架的整体结构，既满足了轻量化设计的要求，保证构架结构的紧凑性，又能实现摇枕的整体起吊；另一方面，还需保证优化的结构及安装位置的改变对整车的稳定性没有造成影响；再有，将现有的两个安装座(减震器安装座和横向止挡安装座)集成于一个安装座，减少零部件加工的数量，减少零部件在构架上安装的位置并减少构架上的焊缝数量，使构架结构更为轻量化，并对轨道车辆质量及安全性的提升大有裨益。
为保证集成了两个安装座功能后的安装座的结构强度，及使安装座具有较好的受力性 能，两个所述安装座相背的一面均间隔设有多个筋板。
优选地，所述摇枕本体正面的中部设有向远离所述摇枕的方向凸伸的凸台；所述凸台包括两个沿所述摇枕本体的长度方向相对设置的半弧形凸台；所述凸台上竖向开设有通孔。
上述方案中，通过凸台来连接回转支撑，提高整车的稳定性，并实现车体与转向架的相对转动。采用通孔设计实现了摇枕与车体的无螺纹孔安装，避免了螺纹滑牙的风险。
基于相同的发明构思，本发明还提供一种转向架，包括构架和摇枕，所述构架上设有空气弹簧，所述摇枕的两端设有二系簧安装座；所述摇枕为上述技术方案中所述的摇枕；所述构架通过所述空气弹簧与所述二系簧安装座连接。
上述方案中，摇枕起吊座与构架起吊座配合，为整体起吊提供了便捷安全的起吊方式。
优选地，所述构架上设有构架起吊座，构架起吊座位于所述摇枕起吊座上方且与所述摇枕起吊座在竖直方向上设有间隙。
具体地，所述间隙包括间隙S和间隙D，其中，间隙D为可变间隙，间隙S为固定间隙；所述构架起吊座包括座体、螺栓和至少一个垫片；至少一个所述垫片通过螺栓安装于所述座体上，安装在最下面的所述垫片与所述摇枕起吊座之间形成间隙D，安装的全部所述垫片的厚度形成间隙S。
可变间隙和固定间隙可通过增加或减少垫片进行灵活调整，由此实现不同车型的转向架和构架之间的合理间隙能达到最佳值。可变间隙能使整车起吊过程中具有较好的提升缓和的功能，固定间隙则有效保证了转向架与车体之间形成有合理的间隙，避免空气弹簧过充。
优选的，所述空气弹簧和摇枕垂在竖直方向上设有间隙d，间隙d＜间隙S。
第一间隙则为合理的避免空气弹簧过充的间隙，在起吊过程中，第一间隙始终保持不变。
优选的，还包括减震器和横向止挡，所述横向止挡安装在所述安装座上且朝向构架的内侧；所述减震器的一端与所述构架相连，另一端与所述安装座相连；所述减震器在所述横向止挡的相对的另一侧的下方设置。
优化了横向止挡的安装位置，且摇枕独特的整体起吊结构上集成了横向止挡安装座实现横向止挡的装配，集成了减震器安装座实现减震器的装配，紧凑有效的利用了设计空间。
为保证连接稳定性，所述二系簧安装座的外端与空气弹簧的外形匹配。
与相关技术相比，本发明的有益效果为：
一、所述摇枕集成承载连接、整体起吊、横向止挡安装座和限制空气弹簧过充等功能为一体，节省了整车安装空间和转向架的设计空间，提高整体起吊的安全性，极大的降低维护运营成本；
二、摇枕的新型结构，采用紧凑型设计，充分利用设计空间，巧妙地实现承载连接、横向安装座、整体起吊和限制空气弹簧过充结构的同时，还保证了摇枕的结构强度，在满足设计要求及使用要求的前提下，最大限度的保障了其他设备的布置空间，并减少了轨道车辆整体的焊缝数量，对轨道车辆质量及安全性的提升有裨益；
三、摇枕起吊座和构架起吊座的结构设计，有效保障了转向架与车体之间的合理间隙，兼具了限制空气弹簧过充的结构特点，降低了制造及维护成本；
四、摇枕的新型结构实现了车体与转向架之间的无螺纹孔安装，避免了螺纹滑牙的风险。
附图说明
图1为本发明提供的摇枕的结构示意图；
图2为本发明提供的转向架的立体结构示意图；
图3为沿图2的A-A剖视且旋转的示意图；
图4为图3中I处放大示意图；
图5为沿图2的B-B剖视且旋转的示意图；
图6为构架起吊座与摇枕起吊座连接处的结构示意图；
图7为图6中Ⅱ处放大示意图。
附图中，1-摇枕、11-摇枕本体、12-二系簧安装座、13-安装座、132-筋板、133-摇枕起吊座、134-缺口、14-凸台、141、通孔、2-构架、21-构架起吊座、211-座体、212-螺栓、213-垫片、3-回转支撑、4-空气弹簧、5-减震器、6-横向止挡。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明作进一步详细描述。
以下将参考附图并结合实施例来详细说明本发明。需要说明的是，在不冲突的情况下，本发明中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。为叙述方便，下文中如出现“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”字样，仅表示与附图本身的上、下、左、右方向一致，并不对结构起限定作用。
如图1所示，本实施例提供的一种摇枕，包括摇枕本体11和设于摇枕本体11两端的二系簧安装座12，所述摇枕本体11的中部从摇枕本体11的正面向摇枕本体11的背面凹进。图1中，摇枕本体11的上表面为正面，下表面为背面。
还包括设于所述摇枕本体11背面的安装座13，所述安装座13的一端与摇枕本体11背面连接，另一端设有向摇枕的宽度方向的两端凸伸的摇枕起吊座133。
所述安装座13设有两个，两个所述安装座13沿所述摇枕本体11的长度方向间隔相对 布置。所述安装座13的另一端的中部开设有缺口134。两个所述安装座13相背的一面均间隔设有多个筋板132。所述筋板132的数量为2～3个，需避开缺口134的位置。
所述摇枕本体11正面的中部设有用于与车体连接的凸台14；所述凸台14包括两个相对设置的半弧形凸台。凸台14的凸伸方向与所述摇枕本体11的中部的凹进方向相反。如图6所示，凸台14上竖向开设有通孔141。
所述摇枕本体11采用通孔设计，起轻量化的作用。
如图2所示，本实施例还提供的一种转向架，其包括上述的摇枕1、构架2、回转支撑3、空气弹簧4。
所述摇枕1通过其上的凸台14与回转支撑3相连，以实现车体与转向架的相对转动。所述摇枕1通过端部的二系簧安装座12与安装在构架2上的空气弹簧4相连。所述二系簧安装座12的外端与空气弹簧4的外形匹配，以保证连接稳定性。
如图3、4所示，所述构架2上设有构架起吊座21，构架起吊座21位于所述摇枕起吊座133上方且与所述摇枕起吊座133在竖直方向上设有间隙。
所述间隙包括间隙S和间隙D，其中，间隙D为可变间隙，间隙S为固定间隙。如图4和图7所示，所述构架起吊座21包括座体211、螺栓212和至少一个垫片213；至少一个所述垫片213通过螺栓212安装于所述座体211上，安装在最下面的所述垫片213与所述摇枕起吊座133之间形成间隙D，安装的全部所述垫片213的厚度形成间隙S。起吊摇枕时，所述摇枕起吊座133与垫片213接触，间隙D变小直至为零，此时摇枕起吊座与最下面的垫片213接触，并实现摇枕的整体起吊。因此，间隙D为可变间隙，间隙S为固定间隙。间隙D和间隙S的大小调整均可通过增加或减少垫片213实现。
在使用损耗后，间隙D可通过螺栓212和垫片213进行灵活调整，依然能保证转向架与车体的固定间隙，有效实现了限制空气弹簧过充的功能。
如图2和图5所示，所述空气弹簧4和摇枕1垂向之间设有间隙d，间隙d＜间隙S。间隙d可以防止空气弹簧过充。
如图4所示，所述转向架还包括减震器5和横向止挡6。所述横向止挡6通过螺栓安装在所述安装座13的立板上且朝向构架2的内侧。所述减震器5的一端与所述构架2相连，另一端连接于所述安装座13的缺口134中。所述减震器5在所述横向止挡6的相对的另一侧的下方设置。
所述安装座13集横向止挡座和减震器安装座为一体，方便横向止挡及减震器的安装与拆卸，降低了制造及维护成本，紧凑有效地利用了设计空间。
所述摇枕1为铸件结构，与转向架连接部件设计独特的整体起吊结构，在实现整体起吊 同时兼具横向止挡安装座和减震器座的功能。且摇枕1的摇枕起吊座133的设计结构及构架起吊座的设计结构、两者的配合关系，为整体起吊提供了便捷安全的起吊方式。
最后应说明的是：以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明各实施例技术方案的精神和范围。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种摇枕，包括摇枕本体(11)，其特征在于，还包括设于所述摇枕本体(11)中部的安装座(13)，所述安装座(13)的一端与摇枕本体(11)的背面连接，另一端向远离所述摇枕本体(11)的方向延伸，所述另一端还设有向摇枕本体(11)的宽度方向的两端凸伸的摇枕起吊座(133)。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的摇枕，其特征在于，所述安装座(13)设有两个，两个所述安装座(13)沿所述摇枕本体(11)的长度方向间隔相对布置。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的摇枕，其特征在于，所述安装座(13)的另一端的中部开设有缺口(134)。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的摇枕，其特征在于，两个所述安装座(13)相背的一面均间隔设有多个筋板(132)。
  5. 根据权利要求1或2所述的摇枕，其特征在于，所述摇枕本体(11)正面的中部设有向远离所述摇枕的方向凸伸的凸台(14)；所述凸台(14)包括两个沿所述摇枕本体(11)的长度方向相对设置的半弧形凸台；所述凸台(14)上竖向开设有通孔(141)。
  6. 一种转向架，包括构架(2)和摇枕(1)，所述构架(2)上设有空气弹簧(4)，所述摇枕的两端设有二系簧安装座(12)；其特征在于，所述摇枕(1)为权利要求1～5任一项所述的摇枕，所述构架(2)通过所述空气弹簧(4)与所述二系簧安装座(12)连接。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的转向架，其特征在于，所述构架(2)上设有构架起吊座(21)，构架起吊座(21)位于所述摇枕起吊座(133)上方且与所述摇枕起吊座(133)在竖直方向上设有间隙。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的转向架，其特征在于，所述间隙包括间隙S和间隙D，其中，间隙D为可变间隙，间隙S为固定间隙；所述构架起吊座(21)包括座体(211)、螺栓(212)和至少一个垫片(213)；至少一个所述垫片(213)通过螺栓(212)安装于所述座体(211)上，安装在最下面的所述垫片(213)与所述摇枕起吊座(133)之间形成间隙D，安装的全部所述垫片(213)的厚度形成间隙S。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的转向架，其特征在于，所述空气弹簧(4)和摇枕(1)垂在竖直方向上设有间隙d，间隙d＜间隙S。
  10. 根据权利要求6所述的转向架，其特征在于，还包括减震器(5)和横向止挡(6)，所述横向止挡(6)安装在所述安装座(13)上且朝向构架(2)的内侧；所述减震器(5)的一端与所述构架(2)相连，另一端与所述安装座(13)相连；所述减震器(5)在所述横向止挡(6)的相对的另一侧的下方设置。
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