WO2022047941A1 - 一种直线电机 - Google Patents
一种直线电机 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022047941A1 WO2022047941A1 PCT/CN2020/123499 CN2020123499W WO2022047941A1 WO 2022047941 A1 WO2022047941 A1 WO 2022047941A1 CN 2020123499 W CN2020123499 W CN 2020123499W WO 2022047941 A1 WO2022047941 A1 WO 2022047941A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- magnetic yoke
- linear motor
- magnetic
- iron core
- primary
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K41/00—Propulsion systems in which a rigid body is moved along a path due to dynamo-electric interaction between the body and a magnetic field travelling along the path
- H02K41/02—Linear motors; Sectional motors
- H02K41/03—Synchronous motors; Motors moving step by step; Reluctance motors
- H02K41/031—Synchronous motors; Motors moving step by step; Reluctance motors of the permanent magnet type
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K11/00—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection
- H02K11/20—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection for measuring, monitoring, testing, protecting or switching
- H02K11/21—Devices for sensing speed or position, or actuated thereby
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K11/00—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection
- H02K11/20—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection for measuring, monitoring, testing, protecting or switching
- H02K11/21—Devices for sensing speed or position, or actuated thereby
- H02K11/22—Optical devices
Definitions
- the present application relates to the technical field of motors, and in particular, to a linear motor.
- linear motor does not need intermediate transmission mechanism, and has the advantages of high precision, high dynamic response and high rigidity.
- the mechanical losses are extremely small, the maintenance requirements of the linear motor are low, and the service life is long. Therefore, the application of linear motors is becoming more and more extensive.
- Permanent magnet synchronous linear motors mostly use high-performance rare earth magnets as the secondary, and slotted steel cores as the primary to increase the output per unit volume of the motor, that is, the thrust density. It is precisely because of the existence of cogging that the air gap of the motor is uneven, causing thrust fluctuations, that is, cogging force.
- the cogging force not only affects the smoothness of motion and the low-speed performance of the precision motion system, but also easily causes the noise of the high-speed motion system.
- the method of inclined slot or inclined pole is generally adopted, and the inclined slot or inclined pole of different angles can be selected to reduce the cogging thrust (thrust fluctuation);
- the existing inclined pole type linear motor its secondary magnet is generally Tilt in the same direction at a certain angle. After the magnetic steel is tilted, a bending moment will be generated between the motor mover and the stator, which will affect the performance of the motor.
- the purpose of the present application is to provide a linear motor to solve the technical problem of the linear motor in the prior art that a bending moment is generated between the mover and the stator of the motor due to the inclination of the magnetic steel, thereby affecting the performance of the motor.
- an embodiment of the present application provides a linear motor, including: a sliding mechanism, a primary mechanism and a secondary mechanism that are arranged on the sliding mechanism at intervals;
- the sliding mechanism includes a base and a movable The sliding seat on the base, the primary mechanism is fixed on the base, and the secondary mechanism is fixed on the sliding seat; or, the primary mechanism is fixed on the sliding seat, and the secondary mechanism is fixed on said base;
- the secondary mechanism includes a first secondary unit and a second secondary unit that are juxtaposed in a vertical direction, the first secondary unit includes a first magnetic yoke and a first magnetic yoke disposed on the first magnetic yoke Steel, the second secondary unit includes a second magnetic yoke and a second magnetic steel disposed on the second magnetic yoke, the first magnetic yoke and the second magnetic yoke have movement along the sliding seat A long axis arranged in the direction and a short axis arranged perpendicular to the long axis, the first magnetic steel is inclined relative to the short axis toward the moving direction of the sliding seat; the second magnetic steel is relative to the short axis Inclined away from the direction of movement of the carriage.
- the inclination angle of the first magnet steel relative to the short axis toward the moving direction of the sliding seat and the movement of the second magnetic steel relative to the short axis away from the sliding seat is the same.
- the primary mechanism includes a first primary unit and a second primary unit that are juxtaposed in a vertical direction, the first primary unit includes a first iron core with a first tooth slot and a first iron core accommodated in the The first winding in the first tooth slot, and the second primary unit includes a second winding in which a second iron core with a second tooth slot is opened and received in the second tooth slot.
- the base includes a bottom wall, a first side wall and a second side wall that are oppositely and spaced apart on the bottom wall, and a first side wall and a second side wall from the first side wall toward the second side wall the first fixing member formed by extension;
- the sliding seat is movably connected to the side of the first side wall and the second side wall away from the bottom wall, and the sliding seat includes a movable connection to the first side wall and the second side wall.
- the first iron core is arranged on the bottom wall, the second iron core is arranged on the first fixing member; the first magnetic yoke is arranged at a position opposite to the first iron core On one side of the fixing portion, the second magnetic yoke is arranged on the other side of the fixing portion relative to the second iron core;
- the notch of the first tooth slot faces the first magnetic steel, and the notch of the second tooth slot faces the second magnetic steel.
- the primary mechanism further includes a connecting member fixedly connected to the fixing portion and sandwiched between the first magnetic yoke and the second magnetic yoke, the first magnetic yoke and the The second magnetic yokes are all fixed on the fixing portion.
- the first magnetic yoke is arranged on the bottom wall, the second magnetic yoke is arranged on one side of the fixing part; the first iron core is arranged at a position opposite to the first magnetic yoke On the second fixing part, the second iron core is arranged on the other side of the fixing part;
- the notch of the first tooth slot faces the first magnetic steel, and the notch of the second tooth slot faces the second magnetic steel.
- the first iron core and the second iron core are integrally formed.
- the linear motor further includes a scale fixed on the base and a scale reading head arranged on the second fixing member relative to the scale.
- the sliding mechanism further includes a guide rail disposed between the first side wall and the top wall and between the second side wall and the top wall.
- the beneficial effects of the present application are: in the present application, the first magnetic yoke and the second magnetic yoke have a long axis arranged along the moving direction of the carriage and a short axis arranged perpendicular to the long axis, and the first magnetic yoke
- the first magnetic steel is inclined toward the moving direction of the sliding seat relative to the short axis, so that a first bending moment is generated between the primary mechanism and the first secondary unit
- the second magnetic steel disposed on the second magnetic yoke is relatively short axis away from the sliding
- the direction of the seat is inclined, so that the second bending moment is generated between the primary mechanism and the second secondary unit
- since the inclination direction of the first magnetic steel is opposite to the inclination direction of the second magnetic steel, in terms of the linear motor as a whole, the first The bending moment and the second bending moment can cancel each other.
- the technical solution reduces the thrust fluctuation between the primary mechanism and the first secondary unit through the inclined first magnetic steel, and reduces the thrust fluctuation between the primary mechanism and the second secondary unit through the inclined second magnetic steel.
- Thrust fluctuation can increase the overall thrust of the linear motor; on the other hand, by setting the inclination direction of the first magnetic steel to be opposite to the inclination direction of the second magnetic steel, it solves the problem of the linear motor’s mover and stator caused by the inclination of the magnetic steel. The technical problem that the bending moment is generated between them and then affects the performance of the motor.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a linear motor in an embodiment of the application
- Fig. 2 is the front view of Fig. 1;
- Fig. 3 is the exploded structure schematic diagram of Fig. 1;
- FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a first magnetic steel and a second magnetic steel of a linear motor in an embodiment of the application;
- Fig. 5 is the sectional view of A-A direction in Fig. 1;
- FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a linear motor in another embodiment of the present application.
- FIG. 7 is a front view of FIG. 6 .
- linear motor 11, primary mechanism; 111, first primary unit; 1111, first iron core; 1111a, first cogging; 1112, first winding; 112, second primary unit; 1121, first Two iron cores; 1121a, the second cogging; 1122, the second winding; 12, the secondary mechanism; 121, the first secondary unit; 1211, the first magnet; 1212, the first yoke; 122, the second Stage unit; 1221, second magnet; 1222, second yoke; 123, connecting piece; 13, sliding mechanism; 131, base; 1311, bottom wall; 1312, first side wall; 1313, second side wall 1314, the first fixing part; 132, the sliding seat; 1321, the top wall; 1322, the second fixing part; 1323, the fixing part; 133, the guide rail;
- the present application provides a linear motor 10, referring to FIG. 1, FIG. 2, FIG. 6 and FIG. 7, the linear motor 10 includes a sliding mechanism 13, a primary mechanism 11 and a secondary mechanism 12; the sliding mechanism 13 includes a base 131 and a movable The sliding seat 132 provided on the base 131, the primary mechanism 11 and the secondary mechanism 12 are relatively set on the sliding mechanism 13 with a preset physical gap, so that the thrust generated by the interaction between the primary mechanism 11 and the secondary mechanism 12 can push the primary mechanism 11 or the secondary mechanism 12 performs linear motion.
- the primary mechanism 11 is fixed on the base 131
- the secondary mechanism 12 is fixed on the sliding seat 132
- the secondary mechanism 12 slides relative to the primary mechanism 11
- the primary mechanism 11 is fixed on the sliding seat 132
- the secondary mechanism 12 is fixed on the base A seat 131 , the primary mechanism 11 slides relative to the secondary mechanism 12 .
- the secondary mechanism 12 includes a first secondary unit 121 and a second secondary unit 122 that are juxtaposed in the vertical direction, and the first secondary unit 121 includes a first yoke 1212 and a set of The first magnetic steel 1211 on the first magnetic yoke 1212, the second secondary unit 122 includes a second magnetic yoke 1222 and a second magnetic steel 1221 disposed on the second magnetic yoke 1222, the first magnetic yoke 1212 and the second magnetic yoke 1222 has a long axis arranged along the moving direction of the sliding seat 132 and a short axis arranged perpendicular to the long axis, the first magnetic steel 1211 is inclined relative to the short axis toward the moving direction of the sliding seat 132; the second magnetic steel 1221 is relatively short axis away from The moving direction of the carriage 132 is inclined.
- the first magnetic yoke 1212 and the second magnetic yoke 1222 have a long axis arranged along the moving direction of the sliding seat 132 and a short axis arranged perpendicular to the long axis.
- a long axis arranged along the moving direction of the sliding seat 132
- a short axis arranged perpendicular to the long axis.
- the first magnetic steel 1211 disposed on the first magnetic yoke 1212 is inclined relative to the short axis toward the moving direction of the sliding seat 132, so that a first bending moment is generated between the primary mechanism 11 and the first secondary unit 121;
- the second magnetic steel 1221 on the second magnetic yoke 1222 is inclined in the direction away from the sliding seat 132 relative to the short axis, so that a second bending moment is generated between the primary mechanism 11 and the second secondary unit 122; due to the inclination of the first magnetic steel 1211
- the direction is opposite to the inclination direction of the second magnetic steel 1221 , and in terms of the linear motor 10 as a whole, the first bending moment and the second bending moment can cancel each other.
- this technical solution reduces the thrust fluctuation between the primary mechanism 11 and the first secondary unit 121 through the inclined first magnetic steel 1211 , and reduces the thrust fluctuation between the primary mechanism 11 and the second secondary unit 121 through the inclined second magnetic steel 1221 .
- the thrust fluctuation between the stage units 122 can increase the overall thrust of the linear motor 10; on the other hand, by setting the inclination direction of the first magnetic steel 1211 to be opposite to the inclination direction of the second magnetic steel 1221, the linear motor 10 is solved due to the magnetic steel. It is a technical problem that a bending moment is generated between the mover and the stator of the motor and thus affects the performance of the motor.
- the inclination angle of the relative short axis of the first magnetic steel 1211 toward the moving direction of the sliding seat 132 is the same as the inclination angle of the relative short axis of the second magnetic steel 1221 being inclined away from the moving direction of the sliding seat 132, so the first The magnitude of the first bending moment received by the magnetic steel 1211 is the same as the magnitude of the second bending moment received by the second magnetic steel 1221, and the directions are opposite, so that the first bending moment and the second bending moment can be almost completely canceled.
- the primary mechanism 11 includes a first primary unit 111 and a second primary unit 112 that are juxtaposed in a vertical direction, wherein the first primary unit 111 includes a first iron core with a first tooth slot 1111 a opened 1111 and the first winding 1112 accommodated in the first slot 1111a, the second primary unit 112 includes a second core 1121 with a second slot 1121a and a second winding 1122 accommodated in the second slot 1121a .
- the first winding 1112 and the second winding 1122 are connected to the AC power supply, and the air gap between the first primary unit 111 and the first secondary unit 121 and the air gap between the second primary unit 112 and the second secondary unit 122 are generated Under the traveling wave magnetic field, the first secondary unit 121 and the second secondary unit 122 will induce electromotive force and generate current under the cutting of the traveling wave magnetic field, and the current and the traveling wave magnetic field in the air gap will generate electromagnetic thrust.
- the electromagnetic thrust pushes the secondary mechanism 12 to move linearly; when the secondary mechanism 12 is fixed, the electromagnetic thrust pushes the primary mechanism 11 to move linearly.
- the base 131 includes a bottom wall 1311 , a first side wall 1312 and a second side wall 1313 which are oppositely and spaced apart on the bottom wall 1311 , and a side wall 1312 from the first side wall 1312 A first fixing member 1314 extending toward the second side wall 1313;
- the sliding seat 132 is movably connected to the side of the first side wall 1312 and the second side wall 1313 away from the bottom wall 1311, specifically, the sliding seat 132 includes a movable A top wall 1321 connected between the first side wall 1312 and the second side wall 1313, a second fixing member 1322 extending from the top wall 1321 toward the bottom wall 1311, and extending from the second fixing member 1322 and located at the first fixing member 1314 and the fixing part 1323 between the bottom wall 1311.
- the sliding mechanism 13 further includes a guide rail 133 disposed between the first side wall 1312 and the top wall 1321 and between the second side wall 1313 and the top wall 1321, so that the sliding seat 132 can be smoothly It slides relative to the base 131 .
- the first iron core 1111 is disposed on the bottom wall 1311
- the second iron core 1121 is disposed on the first fixing member 1314
- the first magnetic yoke 1212 is opposite to the first iron core 1111 is arranged on one side of the fixing part 1323
- the second magnetic yoke 1222 is arranged on the other side of the fixing part 1323 relative to the second iron core 1121
- the notch of the slot 1121a faces the second magnet 1221 .
- the primary mechanism 11 is arranged on the base 131 through the first iron core 1111 and the second iron core 1121, and the secondary mechanism 12 is arranged on the sliding seat 132 through the first magnetic yoke 1212 and the second magnetic yoke 1222. Therefore, the primary mechanism 11 Fixed, the secondary mechanism 12 moves linearly relative to the primary mechanism 11 along with the sliding seat 132 under the action of thrust.
- the first primary unit 111 and the second primary unit 112 of the primary mechanism 11 are respectively disposed on the upper and lower sides of the secondary mechanism 12 , namely the first primary unit 111 , the first secondary unit 121 , the second secondary unit 122 and the The second primary units 112 are sequentially arranged from bottom to top.
- the notch of the first tooth slot 1111a of the first iron core 1111 faces the first magnetic steel 1211, there is a first normal suction force between the first primary unit 111 and the first secondary unit 121, and the first normal suction force From the first secondary unit 121 to the first primary unit 111 ; the notch of the second cogging 1121 a of the second iron core 1121 faces the second magnetic steel 1221 , between the second primary unit 112 and the second secondary unit 122 There is a second normal suction direction, and the second normal suction is from the second secondary unit 122 towards the second primary unit 112, see specifically FIG. 2, therefore, the first normal suction and the second normal suction cancel each other, such that The normal suction between the primary mechanism 11 and the secondary mechanism 12 can cancel each other, and the thrust between the secondary mechanism 12 and the primary mechanism 11 in the linear motor 10 can be increased.
- the primary mechanism 11 further includes a connecting member 123 fixedly connected to the fixing portion 1323 and sandwiched between the first magnetic yoke 1212 and the second magnetic yoke 1222 , the first magnetic yoke 1212 and the second magnetic yoke 1222 are both fixed to on the fixed portion 1323.
- the first magnetic yoke 1212 and the second magnetic yoke 1222 are connected and fixed by the connecting piece 123 , and the first magnetic yoke 1212 , the second magnetic yoke 1222 and the connecting piece 123 are all fixedly connected with the fixing part 1323 , so that the first secondary unit can be strengthened.
- 121 and the second secondary unit 122 are fixed on the fixing part 1323 for stability.
- the first magnetic yoke 1212 is arranged on the bottom wall 1311
- the second magnetic yoke 1222 is arranged on the first fixing member 1314
- the first iron core 1111 is opposite to the first magnetic yoke 1212 is arranged on one side of the fixed part 1323
- the second iron core 1121 is arranged on the other side of the fixed part 1323
- the notch of the first tooth slot 1111a faces the first magnetic steel 1211
- the notch of the second tooth slot 1121a faces The second magnet 1221.
- the secondary mechanism 12 is arranged on the base 131 through the first magnetic yoke 1212 and the second magnetic yoke 1222, and the primary mechanism 11 is arranged on the sliding seat 132 through the first iron core 1111 and the second iron core 1121. Therefore, the secondary mechanism 12 is fixed, and the primary mechanism 11 moves linearly relative to the secondary mechanism 12 along with the sliding seat 132 under the action of thrust.
- the first secondary unit 121 and the second secondary unit 122 of the secondary mechanism 12 are respectively disposed on the upper and lower sides of the primary mechanism 11 , namely, the first secondary unit 121 , the first primary unit 111 , and the second primary unit 112 And the second sub-units 122 are sequentially arranged from bottom to top.
- the notch of the first tooth slot 1111a of the first iron core 1111 faces the first magnetic steel 1211, there is a first normal suction force between the first primary unit 111 and the first secondary unit 121, and the first normal suction force From the first primary unit 111 to the first secondary unit 121 ;
- the notch of the second tooth slot 1121a of the second iron core 1121 faces the second magnetic steel 1221 , between the second primary unit 112 and the second secondary unit 122
- the first iron core 1111 and the second iron core 1121 are integrally formed, thereby increasing the connection stability between the primary mechanism 11 and the second fixing member 1322 .
- the linear motor 10 further includes a scale 141 fixed on the base 131 and a scale reading head 142 arranged on the second fixing member opposite to the scale 141 .
- the scale reading head 142 moves linearly with the sliding seat 132, the scale reading head 142 also moves on the scale 141 synchronously, so as to detect the relative displacement between the primary mechanism 11 and the secondary mechanism 12, so as to realize the detection of the linear motor. 10 linear motion controls.
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Abstract
一种直线电机（10），包括滑动机构（13）、间隔设置在所述滑动机构（13）上的初级机构（11）和次级机构（12）；所述次级机构（11）包括并列于竖直方向上的第一次级单元（121）和第二次级单元（122），所述第一次级单元（121）包括第一磁轭（1212）和设置在所述第一磁轭（1212）上第一磁钢（1211），所述第二次级单元（122）包括第二磁轭（1222）和设置在所述第二磁轭（1222）上第二磁钢（1221），所述第一磁轭（1212）和所述第二磁轭（1222）具有沿滑座（132）的移动方向设置的长轴和与所述长轴垂直设置的短轴，所述第一磁钢（1211）相对所述短轴朝向所述滑座（132）的移动方向倾斜；所述第二磁钢（1221）相对所述短轴向背离所述滑座（132）的移动方向倾斜。本技术方案解决了直线电机（10）因磁钢倾斜而导致电机的动子和定子之间产生弯矩，进而影响电机性能的技术问题。
Description
本申请涉及电机的技术领域，尤其涉及一种直线电机。
直线电机作为一种零传动的驱动机构，不需要中间传动机构，并且具有高精度、高动态响应和高刚性等优势。此外，由于没有传动的磨损，机械损耗极小，直线电机的维护需求低，寿命长。因此，直线电机的应用也越来越广泛。
永磁同步直线电机多采用高性能稀土磁钢作为次级，带齿槽钢片铁芯作为初级，以提高单位体积电机的出力，即推力密度。正是由于齿槽的存在，造成电机气隙不均匀，引起推力波动，即齿槽力。该齿槽力除影响运动的平滑性及精密运动系统的低速性能外，也容易引发高速运动系统的噪音。
现有技术中，一般采用斜槽或斜极的方法，选择不同角度的斜槽或斜极，可以减小齿槽推力（推力波动）；现有的斜极型直线电机，其次级磁钢一般按照一定角度往同一个方向倾斜，磁钢倾斜后，会在电机动子和定子之间产生弯矩，影响电机性能。
因此，有必要提供一种新型的直线电机来解决上述问题。
本申请的目的在于提供一种直线电机，以解决现有技术中的直线电机因磁钢倾斜而导致电机的动子和定子之间产生弯矩，进而影响电机性能的技术问题。
为此，本申请实施例中提供了一种直线电机，包括：滑动机构、间隔设置在所述滑动机构上的初级机构和次级机构；所述滑动机构包括基座和可移动的设置在所述基座上的滑座，所述初级机构固定于所述基座，所述次级机构固定于所述滑座；或，所述初级机构固定于所述滑座，所述次级机构固定于所述基座；
所述次级机构包括并列于竖直方向上的第一次级单元和第二次级单元，所述第一次级单元包括第一磁轭和设置在所述第一磁轭上第一磁钢，所述第二次级单元包括第二磁轭和设置在所述第二磁轭上第二磁钢，所述第一磁轭和所述第二磁轭具有沿所述滑座的移动方向设置的长轴和与所述长轴垂直设置的短轴，所述第一磁钢相对所述短轴朝向所述滑座的移动方向倾斜；所述第二磁钢相对所述短轴向背离所述滑座的移动方向倾斜。
作为一种改进，所述第一磁钢的相对所述短轴朝向所述滑座的移动方向倾斜的倾斜角度和所述第二磁钢的相对所述短轴向背离所述滑座的移动方向倾斜的倾斜角度相同。
作为一种改进，所述初级机构包括并列于竖直方向上的第一初级单元和第二初级单元，所述第一初级单元包括开设有第一齿槽的第一铁芯和收容于所述第一齿槽中的第一绕组，所述第二初级单元包括开设有第二齿槽的第二铁芯收容于所述第二齿槽中的第二绕组。
作为一种改进，所述基座包括底壁、相对且间隔设置在在所述底壁上的第一侧壁和第二侧壁、以及自所述第一侧壁朝向所述第二侧壁延伸形成的第一固定件；
所述滑座可活动的连接于所述第一侧壁和所述第二侧壁远离所述底壁的一侧，所述滑座包括活动连接于所述第一侧壁和所述第二侧壁之间的顶壁、自所述顶壁朝向所述底壁延伸形成的第二固定件以及自所述第二固定件延伸并位于所述第一固定件和所述底壁之间的固定部。
作为一种改进，所述第一铁芯设置在所述底壁上，所述第二铁芯设置在所述第一固定件上；所述第一磁轭相对所述第一铁芯设置在所述固定部的一侧，所述第二磁轭相对所述第二铁芯设置在所述固定部的另一侧；
且所述第一齿槽的槽口朝向所述第一磁钢，所述第二齿槽的槽口朝向所述第二磁钢。
作为一种改进，所述初级机构还包括固定连接于所述固定部且夹设在所述第一磁轭与所述第二磁轭之间的连接件，所述第一磁轭以及所述第二磁轭均固定于所述固定部上。
作为一种改进，所述第一磁轭设置在所述底壁上，所述第二磁轭设置在所述固定部的一侧；所述第一铁芯相对所述第一磁轭设置在所述第二固定件上，所述第二铁芯设置在所述固定部的另一侧；
且所述第一齿槽的槽口朝向所述第一磁钢，所述第二齿槽的槽口朝向所述第二磁钢。
作为一种改进，所述第一铁芯和所述第二铁芯一体成型。
作为一种改进，所述直线电机还包括固定在所述基座上的栅尺和相对所述栅尺设置在所述第二固定件上的栅尺读数头。
作为一种改进，所述滑动机构还包括设置在所述第一侧壁与所述顶壁之间、第二侧壁与所述顶壁之间的导轨。
本申请的有益效果在于：在本申请中，第一磁轭和第二磁轭具有沿滑座的移动方向设置的长轴和与长轴垂直设置的短轴，设置在第一磁轭上的第一磁钢相对短轴朝向滑座的移动方向倾斜，使得初级机构与第一次级单元之间产生第一弯矩；设置在第二磁轭上的第二磁钢相对短轴向背离滑座的方向倾斜，使得初级机构与第二次级单元之间产生第二弯矩；由于第第一磁钢的倾斜方向与第二磁钢的倾斜方向相反，就直线电机整体而言，第一弯矩和第二弯矩可以相互抵消。本技术方案一方面通过倾斜的第一磁钢减小了初级机构与第一次级单元之间的推力波动，通过倾斜的第二磁钢减小了初级机构与第二次级单元之间的推力波动，可以提升直线电机的整体推力；另一方面通过设置第一磁钢的倾斜方向与第二磁钢的倾斜方向相反，解决了直线电机因磁钢倾斜，而导致电机的动子和定子之间产生弯矩进而影响电机性能的技术问题。
图1为本申请一实施例中直线电机的整体结构示意图；
图2为图1的主视图；
图3为图1的分解结构示意图；
图4为本申请一实施例中直线电机的第一磁钢和第二磁钢的结构示意图；
图5为图1中A-A方向的剖视图；
图6为本申请另一实施例中直线电机的整体结构示意图；
图7为图6的主视图。
图中： 10、直线电机；11、初级机构； 111、第一初级单元；1111、第一铁芯；1111a、第一齿槽；1112、第一绕组；112、第二初级单元；1121、第二铁芯；1121a、第二齿槽；1122、第二绕组；12、次级机构；121、第一次级单元；1211、第一磁钢；1212、第一磁轭；122、第二次级单元；1221、第二磁钢；1222、第二磁轭；123、连接件；13、滑动机构；131、基座；1311、底壁；1312、第一侧壁；1313、第二侧壁；1314、第一固定件；132、滑座；1321、顶壁；1322、第二固定件；1323、固定部； 133、导轨；141、栅尺；142、栅尺读数头。
为了便于理解本申请，下面将参照相关附图对本申请进行更全面的描述。附图中给出了本申请的较佳的实施例。但是，本申请可以通过其他多种不同的形式来实现，并不限于本文所描述的实施例。相反地，提供这些实施例的目的是使对本申请的公开内容的理解更加透彻全面。
需要说明的是，当元件被称为“固定于”另一个元件，它可以直接在另一个元件上或者也可以存在居中的元件。当一个元件被认为是“连接”另一个元件，它可以是直接连接到另一个元件或者可能同时存在居中元件。本文所使用的术语“垂直的”、“水平的”、“左”、“右”以及类似的表述只是为了说明的目的。
除非另有定义，本文所使用的所有的技术和科学术语与属于本申请的技术领域的技术人员通常理解的含义相同。本文中在本申请的说明书中所使用的术语只是为了描述具体的实施例的目的，不是旨在于限制本申请。本文所使用的术语“及／或”包括一个或多个相关的所列项目的任意的和所有的组合。
本申请提供了一种直线电机10，参见图1、图2、图6及图7，直线电机10包括滑动机构13、初级机构11和次级机构12；滑动机构13包括基座131和可移动的设置在基座131上的滑座132，初级机构11与次级机构12以预设物理间隙相对设置滑动机构13上，使得初级机构11和次级机构12相互作用产生的推力可以推动初级机构11或次级机构12作直线运动。如，初级机构11固定于基座131，次级机构12固定于滑座132，次级机构12相对初级机构11滑动；又如，初级机构11固定于滑座132，次级机构12固定于基座131，初级机构11相对次级机构12滑动。
其中，同时参见图3-图5，次级机构12包括并列于竖直方向上的第一次级单元121和第二次级单元122，第一次级单元121包括第一磁轭1212和设置在第一磁轭1212上第一磁钢1211，第二次级单元122包括第二磁轭1222和设置在第二磁轭1222上第二磁钢1221，第一磁轭1212和第二磁轭1222具有沿滑座132的移动方向设置的长轴和与长轴垂直设置的短轴，第一磁钢1211相对短轴朝向滑座132的移动方向倾斜；第二磁钢1221相对短轴向背离滑座132的移动方向倾斜。
在本申请中，第一磁轭1212和第二磁轭1222具有沿滑座132的移动方向设置的长轴和与长轴垂直设置的短轴，长轴和短轴的方向参见图1及图6，设置在第一磁轭1212上的第一磁钢1211相对短轴朝向滑座132的移动方向倾斜，使得初级机构11与第一次级单元121之间产生第一弯矩；设置在第二磁轭1222上的第二磁钢1221相对短轴向背离滑座132的方向倾斜，使得初级机构11与第二次级单元122之间产生第二弯矩；由于第一磁钢1211的倾斜方向与第二磁钢1221的倾斜方向相反，就直线电机10整体而言，第一弯矩和第二弯矩可以相互抵消。本技术方案一方面通过倾斜的第一磁钢1211减小了初级机构11与第一次级单元121之间的推力波动，通过倾斜的第二磁钢1221减小了初级机构11与第二次级单元122之间的推力波动，可以提升直线电机10的整体推力；另一方面通过设置第一磁钢1211的倾斜方向与第二磁钢1221的倾斜方向相反，解决了直线电机10因磁钢倾斜，而导致电机的动子和定子之间产生弯矩进而影响电机性能的技术问题。
优选地，第一磁钢1211的相对短轴朝向滑座132的移动方向倾斜的倾斜角度和第二磁钢1221的相对短轴向背离滑座132的移动方向倾斜的倾斜角度相同，因而第一磁钢1211受到的第一弯矩大小与第二磁钢1221受到的第二弯矩大小相同，方向相反，使得第一弯矩和第二弯矩可以几乎完全抵消。
在一种实施例中，初级机构11包括并列于竖直方向上的第一初级单元111和第二初级单元112，其中，第一初级单元111包括开设有第一齿槽1111a的第一铁芯1111和收容于第一齿槽1111a中的第一绕组1112，第二初级单元112包括具开设有第二齿槽1121a的第二铁芯1121和收容于第二齿槽1121a中的第二绕组1122。
第一绕组1112和第二绕组1122通入交流电源，第一初级单元111和第一次级单元121之间的气隙、第二初级单元112和第二次级单元122之间的气隙产生行波磁场，第一次级单元121和第二次级单元122在行波磁场的切割下，将感应出电动势并产生电流，该电流与气隙中的行波磁场作用就产生电磁推力。当初级机构11固定，则电磁推力推动次级机构12直线运动；当次级机构12固定，则电磁推力推动初级机构11直线运动。
在一种实施例中，请参见图3，基座131包括底壁1311、相对且间隔设置在在底壁1311上的第一侧壁1312和第二侧壁1313、以及自第一侧壁1312朝向第二侧壁1313延伸形成的第一固定件1314；滑座132可活动的连接于第一侧壁1312和第二侧壁1313远离底壁1311的一侧，具体地，滑座132包括活动连接于第一侧壁1312和第二侧壁1313之间的顶壁1321、自顶壁1321朝向底壁1311延伸形成的第二固定件1322以及自第二固定件1322延伸并位于第一固定件1314和底壁1311之间的固定部1323。
在一些具体的实施例中，滑动机构13还包括设置在第一侧壁1312与顶壁1321之间、第二侧壁1313与顶壁1321之间的导轨133，以使得滑座132可顺利的相对基座131滑动。
在一种实施例中，参见图1及图2，第一铁芯1111设置在底壁1311上，第二铁芯1121设置在第一固定件1314上；第一磁轭1212相对第一铁芯1111设置在固定部1323的一侧，第二磁轭1222相对第二铁芯1121设置在固定部1323的另一侧；且第一齿槽1111a的槽口朝向第一磁钢1211，第二齿槽1121a的槽口朝向第二磁钢1221。
初级机构11通过第一铁芯1111和第二铁芯1121设置在基座131上，次级机构12通过第一磁轭1212和第二磁轭1222设置在滑座132上，因此，初级机构11固定，次级机构12在推力作用随着滑座132相对初级机构11作直线运动。具体地，初级机构11的第一初级单元111和第二初级单元112分设在次级机构12的上下两侧，即第一初级单元111、第一次级单元121、第二次级单元122以及第二初级单元112自下而上依次排列。
其中，第一铁芯1111的第一齿槽1111a的槽口朝向第一磁钢1211，第一初级单元111和第一次级单元121之间存在第一法向吸力，且第一法向吸力自第一次级单元121朝向第一初级单元111；第二铁芯1121的的第二齿槽1121a的槽口朝向第二磁钢1221，第二初级单元112与第二次级单元122之间存在第二法向吸力方向，且第二法向吸力自第二次级单元122朝向第二初级单元112，具体参见图2，因此，第一法向吸力和第二法向吸力相互抵消，使得初级机构11与次级机构12之间的法向吸力可以相互抵消，可以提升直线电机10中次级机构12与初级机构11之间的推力。
优选地，初级机构11还包括固定连接于固定部1323且夹设在第一磁轭1212与第二磁轭1222之间的连接件123，第一磁轭1212以及第二磁轭1222均固定于所述固定部1323上。通过连接件123将第一磁轭1212与第二磁轭1222连接固定，且第一磁轭1212、第二磁轭1222以及连接件123均与固定部1323固定连接，可以增强第一次级单元121与第二次级单元122固定在固定部1323上的稳定性。
在一种实施例中，参见图6及图7，第一磁轭1212设置在底壁1311上，第二磁轭1222设置在第一固定件1314上；第一铁芯1111相对第一磁轭1212设置在固定部1323的一侧，第二铁芯1121设置在固定部1323的另一侧；且第一齿槽1111a的槽口朝向第一磁钢1211，第二齿槽1121a的槽口朝向第二磁钢1221。
次级机构12通过第一磁轭1212和第二磁轭1222设置在基座131上，初级机构11通过第一铁芯1111和第二铁芯1121设置在滑座132上，因此，次级机构12固定，初级机构11在推力作用随着滑座132相对次级机构12作直线运动。具体地，次级机构12的第一次级单元121和第二次级单元122分设在初级机构11的上下两侧，即第一次级单元121、第一初级单元111、第二初级单元112以及第二次级单元122自下而上依次排列。
其中，第一铁芯1111的第一齿槽1111a的槽口朝向第一磁钢1211，第一初级单元111和第一次级单元121之间存在第一法向吸力，且第一法向吸力自第一初级单元111朝向第一次级单元121；第二铁芯1121的的第二齿槽1121a的槽口朝向第二磁钢1221，第二初级单元112与第二次级单元122之间存在第二法向吸力方向，且第二法向吸力自第二初级单元112朝向第二次级单元122，具体参见图7，因此，第一法向吸力和第二法向吸力相互抵消，使得初级机构11与次级机构12之间的法向吸力可以相互抵消，可以提升直线电机10中次级机构12与初级机构11之间的推力。
优选地，第一铁芯1111和第二铁芯1121一体成型，从而增加了初级机构11与第二固定件1322的连接稳定性。
直线电机10还包括固定在基座131上的栅尺141和相对栅尺141设置在第二固定件上的栅尺读数头142。栅尺读数头142随着滑座132直线运动时，栅尺读数头142也同步在栅尺141上运动，从而检测出初级机构11与次级机构12之间的相对位移，从而实现对直线电机10直线运动的控制。
以上实施例的各技术特征可以进行任意的组合，为使描述简洁，未对上述实施例中的各个技术特征所有可能的组合都进行描述，然而，只要这些技术特征的组合不存在矛盾，都应当认为是本说明书记载的范围。
以上实施例仅表达了本申请的几种实施方式，其描述较为具体和详细，但并不能因此而理解为对申请专利范围的限制。应当指出的是，对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本申请构思的前提下，还可以做出若干变形和改进，这些都属于本申请的保护范围。因此，本申请专利的保护范围应以所附权利要求为准。
Claims (10)
- 一种直线电机，包括滑动机构、间隔设置在所述滑动机构上的初级机构和次级机构；所述滑动机构包括基座和可移动的设置在所述基座上的滑座，所述初级机构固定连接于所述基座，所述次级机构固定连接于所述滑座；或，所述初级机构固定连接于所述滑座，所述次级机构固定连接于所述基座；其特征在于，所述次级机构包括并列于竖直方向上的第一次级单元和第二次级单元，所述第一次级单元包括第一磁轭和设置在所述第一磁轭上第一磁钢，所述第二次级单元包括第二磁轭和设置在所述第二磁轭上第二磁钢，所述第一磁轭和所述第二磁轭具有沿所述滑座的移动方向设置的长轴和与所述长轴垂直设置的短轴，所述第一磁钢相对所述短轴朝向所述滑座的移动方向倾斜；所述第二磁钢相对所述短轴向背离所述滑座的移动方向倾斜。
- 根据权利要求1所述的直线电机，其特征在于，所述第一磁钢的相对所述短轴朝向所述滑座的移动方向倾斜的倾斜角度和所述第二磁钢的相对所述短轴向背离所述滑座的移动方向倾斜的倾斜角度相同。
- 根据权利要求1所述的直线电机，其特征在于，所述初级机构包括并列于竖直方向上的第一初级单元和第二初级单元，所述第一初级单元包括开设有第一齿槽的第一铁芯和收容于所述第一齿槽中的第一绕组，所述第二初级单元包括开设有第二齿槽的第二铁芯收容于所述第二齿槽中的第二绕组。
- 根据权利要求3所述的直线电机，其特征在于，所述基座包括底壁、相对且间隔设置在在所述底壁上的第一侧壁和第二侧壁、以及自所述第一侧壁朝向所述第二侧壁延伸形成的第一固定件；所述滑座可活动的连接于所述第一侧壁和所述第二侧壁远离所述底壁的一侧，所述滑座包括活动连接于所述第一侧壁和所述第二侧壁之间的顶壁、自所述顶壁朝向所述底壁延伸形成的第二固定件以及自所述第二固定件延伸并位于所述第一固定件和所述底壁之间的固定部。
- 根据权利要求4所述的直线电机，其特征在于，所述第一铁芯设置在所述底壁上，所述第二铁芯设置在所述第一固定件上；所述第一磁轭相对所述第一铁芯设置在所述固定部的一侧，所述第二磁轭相对所述第二铁芯设置在所述固定部的另一侧；且所述第一齿槽的槽口朝向所述第一磁钢，所述第二齿槽的槽口朝向所述第二磁钢。
- 根据权利要求5所述的直线电机，其特征在于，所述初级机构还包括固定连接于所述固定部且夹设在所述第一磁轭与所述第二磁轭之间的连接件，所述第一磁轭以及所述第二磁轭均固定于所述固定部上。
- 根据权利要求4所述的直线电机，其特征在于，所述第一磁轭设置在所述底壁上，所述第二磁轭设置在所述第一固定件上；所述第一铁芯相对所述第一磁轭设置在所述固定部的一侧，所述第二铁芯设置在所述固定部的另一侧；且所述第一齿槽的槽口朝向所述第一磁钢，所述第二齿槽的槽口朝向所述第二磁钢。
- 根据权利要求7所述的直线电机，其特征在于，所述第一铁芯和所述第二铁芯一体成型。
- 根据权利要求4-8中任一项所述的直线电机，其特征在于，所述直线电机还包括固定在所述基座上的栅尺和相对所述栅尺设置在所述第二固定件上的栅尺读数头。
- 根据权利要求9所述的直线电机，其特征在于，所述滑动机构还包括设置在所述第一侧壁与所述顶壁之间、第二侧壁与所述顶壁之间的导轨。
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| CN219296394U (zh) * | 2022-06-30 | 2023-07-04 | 瑞声光电科技(常州)有限公司 | 一种直驱传输系统 |
| CN218041165U (zh) * | 2022-06-30 | 2022-12-13 | 瑞声光电科技(常州)有限公司 | 一种直驱系统 |
| CN115173667A (zh) * | 2022-07-26 | 2022-10-11 | 河北工业大学 | 一种双边型模块化短初极永磁横向磁通直线电机 |
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