WO2022041351A1 - 一种燃料电池金属双极板及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种燃料电池金属双极板及其制备方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022041351A1
WO2022041351A1 PCT/CN2020/116340 CN2020116340W WO2022041351A1 WO 2022041351 A1 WO2022041351 A1 WO 2022041351A1 CN 2020116340 W CN2020116340 W CN 2020116340W WO 2022041351 A1 WO2022041351 A1 WO 2022041351A1
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Prior art keywords
metal
fuel cell
bipolar plate
printing
metal bipolar
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PCT/CN2020/116340
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English (en)
French (fr)
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高鹏然
张华农
刘颖
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深圳市氢雄燃料电池有限公司
深圳市雄韬电源科技股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2022041351A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022041351A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/02—Details
    • H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
    • H01M8/0204—Non-porous and characterised by the material
    • H01M8/0206—Metals or alloys
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/115—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces by spraying molten metal, i.e. spray sintering, spray casting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y80/00—Products made by additive manufacturing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/02—Details
    • H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
    • H01M8/0204—Non-porous and characterised by the material
    • H01M8/0206—Metals or alloys
    • H01M8/0208—Alloys
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/02—Details
    • H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
    • H01M8/0204—Non-porous and characterised by the material
    • H01M8/0223—Composites
    • H01M8/0226—Composites in the form of mixtures
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of fuel cells, and in particular relates to a metal bipolar plate of a fuel cell and a preparation method thereof.
  • a fuel cell is a device that uses the chemical conversion of fuel and oxygen to generate water to generate electrical energy, and mainly includes bipolar plates, membrane electrodes, current collectors and accessories.
  • the bipolar plate as the core component of the fuel cell, can be prepared from graphite plate, metal or metal oxide.
  • the bipolar plate is the main place for fluid distribution, and the rationally designed flow channel can evenly disperse the fluid on the surface of the membrane electrode, effectively improving the performance of the battery.
  • the flow channel has many fine structures and complex designs, so the manufacturing of metal bipolar plates requires high precision.
  • the traditional metal bipolar plate manufacturing process is complex, requiring casting, electroplating and other processes, the manufacturing route is complicated and lengthy, and the time cost is high.
  • the traditional manufacturing process needs to grind the metal plate, which not only wastes the metal material, but also has low forming precision and large tolerance of the obtained metal plate.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to solve the deficiencies in the prior art, and to provide a fuel cell metal bipolar plate and a preparation method thereof.
  • the preparation method of the invention has simple process and low production cost, and the metal bipolar plate prepared under the same conditions has uniform and stable performance and small tolerance, and can meet the requirements of the fuel cell bipolar plate.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for preparing a metal bipolar plate for a fuel cell, including the following steps:
  • Step S01 shearing and grinding the metal material at 50°C-500°C for 1-48 hours to obtain metal powder;
  • Step S02 drying the metal powder in step S01 to obtain a dry metal powder; then sieving the dried metal powder to obtain a 3D printing metal material;
  • Step S03 3D printing the 3D printed metal material of step S02 according to the drawing of the metal bipolar plate to obtain a fuel cell metal bipolar plate.
  • step S01
  • the metal material is an elemental metal, a mixture of at least two elements of the elemental metal, or an alloy of elemental metals.
  • the metal element is one of copper, zirconium, titanium, lead, molybdenum, nickel, silver, aluminum, palladium, zinc, iron, cobalt, chromium, gold, manganese, tin, iridium, ruthenium, indium or lanthanide metals .
  • the metal material is copper, titanium alloy or stainless steel.
  • the pressure of the shear grinding is 1-300Mpa, preferably 100Mpa.
  • the shear grinding is carried out under the condition of ultrasonic, and the frequency of the ultrasonic is 5-150KHZ , preferably 40KHZ .
  • the shear grinding time is preferably 24h.
  • step S02
  • the drying conditions are drying at 120°C-150°C for 9-12 hours, preferably at 150°C for 10 hours.
  • the sieving is performed by using a 100-300 mesh screen, preferably a 100-mesh screen.
  • step S03
  • the 3D printing is performed by selective laser melting technology (SLM), and the operating conditions are as follows: the frequency of the laser is 20-900KHz, the power of the laser is 10-500W, and the spot diameter of the laser is 0.1-10mm , the scanning speed of the laser is 0.1-10mm/s, and the scanning distance of the laser is 0.1-2mm.
  • SLM selective laser melting technology
  • the 3D printing is performed by electron beam melting molding (EBM), and the operating conditions are as follows: the power of the electron beam is 0-4KW, and the scanning speed of the electron beam is 0-1000m/s.
  • EBM electron beam melting molding
  • the 3D printing is carried out by direct metal laser sintering (DMLS) technology, and the operation steps are as follows: using a high-energy laser beam and then controlled by the 3D model data to locally melt the metal matrix, at the same time sintering and solidifying the powder metal material and automatically layer-by-layer stacking, A fuel cell metal bipolar plate is obtained.
  • DMLS direct metal laser sintering
  • the 3D printing is carried out by electron beam free forming (EBF), and the operation steps are as follows: In a vacuum environment, a high-energy density electron beam bombards the metal surface to form a molten pool, and the metal wire is fed into the molten pool through a wire feeding device, and the molten pool is formed. At the same time, the molten pool moves according to a pre-planned path, and the metal material solidifies and accumulates layer by layer to form a dense metallurgical bond to obtain a fuel cell metal bipolar plate.
  • EMF electron beam free forming
  • the 3D printing is performed by fused deposition modeling (FDM).
  • FDM fused deposition modeling
  • the embodiments of the present invention also provide the fuel cell metal bipolar plate obtained by the above preparation method.
  • the present invention has the following beneficial effects: the preparation method of the present application is simple in operation, low in production cost, and short in preparation time; required fuel cell metal bipolar plates.
  • the prepared fuel cell metal bipolar plate has good flexibility, excellent mechanical properties and electrical properties, and can meet the requirements of the fuel cell bipolar plate.
  • the directional indications are only used to explain that in a certain posture ( As shown in the accompanying drawings), the relative positional relationship, movement situation, etc. between the various components, if the specific posture changes, the directional indication also changes accordingly.
  • the invention overcomes the disadvantages of complex process flow, long manufacturing cycle, low utilization rate of raw materials, low manufacturing precision, and difficulty in manufacturing plates with complex structures in the traditional method for manufacturing fuel cell bipolar plates, and can quickly obtain fuel cells with fine structures on the surface.
  • Metal bipolar plates In the present application, metal bipolar plates with fine-structured surfaces can be obtained without the need to manufacture molds with complex structures or mold opening operations, and excess metal materials can be recycled, thereby reducing material consumption and further effective reduce costs.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for preparing a metal bipolar plate for a fuel cell, including the following steps:
  • Step S01 shearing and grinding the metal material at 50°C-500°C for 1-48 hours to obtain metal powder;
  • Step S02 drying the metal powder in step S01 to obtain a dry metal powder; then sieving the dried metal powder to obtain a 3D printing metal material;
  • Step S03 3D printing the 3D printed metal material of step S02 according to the drawing of the metal bipolar plate to obtain a fuel cell metal bipolar plate.
  • step S01 Specifically, in step S01,
  • the metal material is an elemental metal, a mixture composed of at least two elements of the elemental metal (herein, the mixture refers to a physical mixture), or an alloy of elemental metals.
  • the metal element is one of copper, zirconium, titanium, lead, molybdenum, nickel, silver, aluminum, palladium, zinc, iron, cobalt, chromium, gold, manganese, tin, iridium, ruthenium, indium or lanthanide metals .
  • the metal material is copper, titanium alloy or stainless steel (there is no special requirement for the type of stainless steel, all of which can implement the solution of the present application).
  • the temperature of shearing and grinding can be different according to actual needs. For example, when copper is selected as the metal material, the temperature of shearing and grinding is generally 50 °C; if stainless steel is selected as the metal material, the temperature of shearing and grinding is Usually 60 °C.
  • the pressure of the shear grinding is 1-300Mpa, generally preferably 100Mpa. Different metal materials are selected, and the pressure of shear grinding can be different according to actual needs. Generally speaking, for the metal materials selected in this application, the pressure of shear grinding is 100Mpa and can meet the requirements.
  • the shear grinding is carried out under the condition of ultrasonic, and the frequency of the ultrasonic is 5-150KHZ , preferably 40KHZ .
  • the ultrasonic frequency of shear grinding can be different according to actual needs.
  • the pressure of shear grinding is 40KH Z , which can meet the requirements.
  • the shear grinding time is preferably 24h.
  • step S02
  • the drying conditions are drying at 120°C-150°C for 9-12 hours, preferably at 150°C for 10 hours.
  • the sieving is performed by using a 100-300 mesh screen, preferably a 100-mesh screen. By selecting these meshes, while meeting the requirements of 3D printing, it can ensure that the required fuel cell metal bipolar plate can be prepared in one molding, and the prepared fuel cell metal bipolar plate has good flexibility and excellent mechanical properties and electrical properties. The performance can meet the requirements of the fuel cell bipolar plate.
  • step S03
  • the 3D printing is performed by selective laser melting technology (SLM), and the operating conditions are as follows: the frequency of the laser is 20-900KHz, the power of the laser is 10-500W, and the spot diameter of the laser is 0.1-10mm , the scanning speed of the laser is 0.1-10mm/s, and the scanning distance of the laser is 0.1-2mm.
  • SLM selective laser melting technology
  • the 3D printing is performed by electron beam melting molding (EBM), and the operating conditions are as follows: the power of the electron beam is 0-4KW, that is, the power of the electron beam is greater than zero and less than 4KW, and the scanning of the electron beam The speed is 0-1000m/s, that is, the scanning speed of the electron beam is greater than zero and less than 1000m/s.
  • EBM electron beam melting molding
  • the 3D printing is performed by direct metal laser sintering technology (DMLS), and the operation steps are as follows: use a high-energy (can melt metal material) laser beam and then control the 3D model data to locally melt the metal matrix, and sinter and solidify at the same time Powder metal materials are automatically stacked layer by layer to obtain a fuel cell metal bipolar plate.
  • DMLS direct metal laser sintering technology
  • the 3D printing is performed by electron beam free forming (EBF), and the operation steps are as follows: in a vacuum environment, an electron beam with high energy density (which can melt metal materials) (the power of the electron beam is greater than zero and less than 4KW) That is) bombard the metal surface to form a molten pool, the metal wire is fed into the molten pool through the wire feeding device and melted, and the molten pool moves according to a pre-planned path, and the metal materials solidify and accumulate layer by layer to form a dense metallurgical bond to obtain a fuel cell.
  • Metal bipolar plates are used to produce a molten pool.
  • the 3D printing is performed by fused deposition modeling (FDM).
  • FDM fused deposition modeling
  • the embodiments of the present invention also provide the fuel cell metal bipolar plate obtained by the above preparation method.
  • the preparation method of the present application is simple in operation, low in production cost, and short in preparation time.
  • the 3D printing metal material of the present application can be quickly 3D printed according to actual needs, and the required fuel cell metal bipolar plate can be prepared by one-time molding.
  • the prepared fuel cell metal bipolar plate has good flexibility, excellent mechanical properties and electrical properties, and can meet the requirements of the fuel cell bipolar plate.
  • a preparation method of a fuel cell metal bipolar plate comprising the following steps:
  • Step S01 shearing and grinding the copper metal for 24 hours at 50°C, a pressure of 100MPa, and an ultrasonic frequency of 40KHz to obtain metal powder;
  • Step S02 drying the metal powder in step S01 at 150° C. for 10 hours to obtain a dry metal powder; then sieving the dried metal powder through a 100-mesh sieve to obtain a 3D printing metal material with uniform particles;
  • Step S03 According to the drawing of the metal bipolar plate, the 3D printing metal material of Step S02 is 3D printed by the selective laser melting technology to obtain the metal bipolar plate of the fuel cell; wherein, the laser power is 200W, and the spot diameter is about 1mm, The scanning speed is 0.5mm/s, and the scanning spacing is 0.5mm.
  • the prepared fuel cell metal bipolar plate meets the relevant requirements of the fuel cell bipolar plate.
  • a preparation method of a fuel cell metal bipolar plate comprising the following steps:
  • Step S01 shearing and grinding the copper metal for 24 hours at 50°C, a pressure of 100MPa, and an ultrasonic frequency of 40KHz to obtain metal powder;
  • Step S02 drying the metal powder in step S01 at 150° C. for 10 hours to obtain a dry metal powder; then sieving the dried metal powder through a 100-mesh sieve to obtain a 3D printing metal material with uniform particles;
  • Step S03 According to the drawing of the metal bipolar plate, the 3D printed metal material in Step S02 is 3D printed by the direct metal laser sintering technology to obtain the fuel cell metal bipolar plate; wherein, the laser power is 200W, and the spot diameter is about 1mm, The scanning speed is 0.5mm/s, and the scanning spacing is 0.5mm.
  • the prepared fuel cell metal bipolar plate meets the relevant requirements of the fuel cell bipolar plate.
  • a preparation method of a fuel cell metal bipolar plate comprising the following steps:
  • Step S01 shearing and grinding the copper metal for 24 hours at 50°C, a pressure of 100MPa, and an ultrasonic frequency of 40KHz to obtain metal powder;
  • Step S02 drying the metal powder in step S01 at 150° C. for 10 hours to obtain a dry metal powder; then sieving the dried metal powder through a 100-mesh sieve to obtain a 3D printing metal material with uniform particles;
  • Step S03 According to the drawing of the metal bipolar plate, the 3D printing metal material of Step S02 is 3D printed by the direct electron beam melting molding technology to obtain the fuel cell metal bipolar plate; wherein, the electron beam power is 0-4KW, and the melting speed is 0.3 -0.5m/s, the electron beam scanning speed is 0-1000m/s, and the scanning spacing is 0.5mm.
  • the prepared fuel cell metal bipolar plate meets the relevant requirements of the fuel cell bipolar plate.
  • a preparation method of a fuel cell metal bipolar plate comprising the following steps:
  • Step S01 shearing and grinding the copper metal for 24 hours at 50°C, a pressure of 100MPa, and an ultrasonic frequency of 40KHz to obtain metal powder;
  • Step S02 drying the metal powder in step S01 at 150°C for 10 hours to obtain dry metal powder; then sieving the dried metal powder through a 100-mesh sieve to obtain a 3D printing metal material with uniform particles;
  • Step S03 According to the drawing of the metal bipolar plate, the 3D printed metal material of Step S02 is 3D printed by electron beam free forming manufacturing technology to obtain a fuel cell metal bipolar plate; wherein, the degree of vacuum is 0.013Pa, and the power of the electron gun is 42KW.
  • the prepared fuel cell metal bipolar plate meets the relevant requirements of the fuel cell bipolar plate.
  • a preparation method of a fuel cell metal bipolar plate comprising the following steps:
  • Step S01 shearing and grinding the stainless steel at 60°C, pressure 100MPa, and ultrasonic frequency 40KHz for 24h to obtain metal powder;
  • Step S02 drying the metal powder in step S01 at 150° C. for 10 hours to obtain a dry metal powder; then sieving the dried metal powder through a 100-mesh sieve to obtain a 3D printing metal material with uniform particles;
  • Step S03 According to the drawing of the metal bipolar plate, the 3D printing metal material of Step S02 is 3D printed by the selective laser melting technology to obtain the metal bipolar plate of the fuel cell; wherein, the laser power is 200W, and the spot diameter is about 1mm, The scanning speed is 0.5mm/s, and the scanning spacing is 0.5mm.
  • the prepared fuel cell metal bipolar plate meets the relevant requirements of the fuel cell bipolar plate.
  • a preparation method of a fuel cell metal bipolar plate comprising the following steps:
  • Step S01 shearing and grinding the stainless steel at 60°C, pressure 100MPa, and ultrasonic frequency 40KHz for 24h to obtain metal powder;
  • Step S02 drying the metal powder in step S01 at 150° C. for 10 hours to obtain a dry metal powder; then sieving the dried metal powder through a 100-mesh sieve to obtain a 3D printing metal material with uniform particles;
  • Step S03 According to the drawing of the metal bipolar plate, the 3D printing metal material of Step S02 is 3D printed by the direct electron beam melting molding technology to obtain the fuel cell metal bipolar plate; wherein, the electron beam power is 0-4KW, and the melting speed is 0.3 -0.5m/s, the electron beam scanning speed is 0-1000m/s, and the scanning spacing is 0.5mm.
  • the prepared fuel cell metal bipolar plate meets the relevant requirements of the fuel cell bipolar plate.
  • a preparation method of a fuel cell metal bipolar plate comprising the following steps:
  • Step S01 shearing and grinding the titanium alloy at 50°C, pressure 100MPa, and ultrasonic frequency 40KHz for 24h to obtain metal powder;
  • Step S02 drying the metal powder in step S01 at 150° C. for 10 hours to obtain a dry metal powder; then sieving the dried metal powder through a 100-mesh sieve to obtain a 3D printing metal material with uniform particles;
  • Step S03 According to the drawing of the metal bipolar plate, the 3D printed metal material of Step S02 is 3D printed by electron beam free forming manufacturing technology to obtain a fuel cell metal bipolar plate; wherein, the degree of vacuum is 0.013Pa, and the power of the electron gun is 42KW.
  • the prepared fuel cell metal bipolar plate meets the relevant requirements of the fuel cell bipolar plate.
  • a preparation method of a fuel cell metal bipolar plate comprising the following steps:
  • Step S01 shearing and grinding the titanium alloy at 50°C, pressure 100MPa, and ultrasonic frequency 40KHz for 24h to obtain metal powder;
  • Step S02 drying the metal powder in step S01 at 150° C. for 10 hours to obtain a dry metal powder; then sieving the dried metal powder through a 100-mesh sieve to obtain a 3D printing metal material with uniform particles;
  • Step S03 According to the drawing of the metal bipolar plate, the 3D printing metal material of Step S02 is 3D printed by the direct electron beam melting molding technology to obtain the fuel cell metal bipolar plate; wherein, the electron beam power is 0-4KW, and the melting speed is 0.3 -0.5m/s, the electron beam scanning speed is 0-1000m/s, and the scanning spacing is 0.5mm.
  • the prepared fuel cell metal bipolar plate meets the relevant requirements of the fuel cell bipolar plate.
  • the preparation method of the present application is simple in operation, low in production cost and short in preparation time, so that the prepared paste can be suitable for 3D printing using selective laser sintering technology, and the required fuel cell bipolar can be quickly prepared according to actual needs
  • the prepared bipolar plate has good flexibility, excellent mechanical and electrical properties, and can meet the requirements of the fuel cell bipolar plate.
  • a preparation method of a fuel cell metal bipolar plate comprising the following steps:
  • Step S01 shearing and grinding the copper metal at 30°C, pressure 100MPa, and ultrasonic frequency 40KHz for 24h to obtain metal powder;
  • Step S02 drying the metal powder in step S01 at 100° C. for 10 hours to obtain dry metal powder; then sieving the dried metal powder through a 100-mesh sieve to obtain a 3D printing metal material with uniform particles;
  • Step S03 According to the drawing of the metal bipolar plate, the 3D printing metal material of Step S02 is 3D printed by the selective laser melting technology to obtain the metal bipolar plate of the fuel cell; wherein, the laser power is 200W, and the spot diameter is about 1mm, The scanning speed is 0.5mm/s, and the scanning spacing is 0.5mm.
  • the prepared fuel cell metal bipolar plate After testing, due to the influence of shear grinding temperature and drying temperature, the prepared fuel cell metal bipolar plate has poor uniformity and large tolerance, which does not meet the relevant requirements of fuel cell bipolar plate.
  • a preparation method of a fuel cell metal bipolar plate comprising the following steps:
  • Step S01 shearing and grinding the copper metal for 24 hours at 50°C, a pressure of 100MPa, and an ultrasonic frequency of 40KHz to obtain metal powder;
  • Step S02 drying the metal powder in step S01 at 150° C. for 10 hours to obtain a dry metal powder; then sieving the dried metal powder through a 100-mesh sieve to obtain a 3D printing metal material with uniform particles;
  • Step S03 According to the drawing of the metal bipolar plate, the 3D printing metal material of Step S02 is 3D printed by the selective laser melting technology to obtain the metal bipolar plate of the fuel cell; wherein, the laser power is 5W, and the spot diameter is about 1mm, The scanning speed was 0.5 mm/s, and the scanning pitch was 3.0 mm.
  • the prepared fuel cell metal bipolar plate After testing, due to the influence of laser power and scanning distance, the prepared fuel cell metal bipolar plate has poor uniformity and large tolerance, which does not meet the relevant requirements of fuel cell bipolar plate.
  • a preparation method of a fuel cell metal bipolar plate comprising the following steps:
  • Step S01 shearing and grinding the copper metal for 24 hours at 50°C, a pressure of 100MPa, and an ultrasonic frequency of 40KHz to obtain metal powder;
  • Step S02 drying the metal powder in step S01 at 150° C. for 10 hours to obtain a dry metal powder; then sieving the dried metal powder through a 100-mesh sieve to obtain a 3D printing metal material with uniform particles;
  • Step S03 According to the drawing of the metal bipolar plate, the 3D printing metal material of Step S02 is 3D printed by selective laser melting technology to obtain a fuel cell metal bipolar plate; wherein, the laser power is 200W, and the spot diameter is about 20mm, The scanning speed was 15.0 mm/s, and the scanning pitch was 0.5 mm.
  • the prepared fuel cell metal bipolar plate After testing, due to the influence of the spot diameter and the scanning speed, the prepared fuel cell metal bipolar plate has poor uniformity and large tolerance, which does not meet the relevant requirements of the fuel cell bipolar plate.

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Abstract

一种燃料电池金属双极板及其制备方法，属于燃料电池技术领域。该燃料电池金属双极板的制备方法包括如下步骤：步骤S01：于50℃-500℃将金属材料进行剪切研磨1-48h，得到金属粉体；步骤S02：将步骤S01的金属粉体进行干燥，得到干燥的金属粉体；然后将所述干燥的金属粉体进行分筛，得到3D打印金属材料；步骤S03：按照金属双极板的图纸、将步骤S02的3D打印金属材料进行3D打印，得到燃料电池金属双极板。其操作简单、制作成本低，制备时间短，3D打印金属材料可根据实际需要进行3D打印，一次成型制备得到所需的燃料电池金属双极板。制备得到的燃料电池金属双极板可以满足燃料电池双极板的要求。

Description

一种燃料电池金属双极板及其制备方法 技术领域
本发明属于燃料电池技术领域，尤其涉及一种燃料电池金属双极板及其制备方法。
背景技术
燃料电池是利用燃料与氧气生成水的化学转化来产生电能的装置，主要包含有双极板、膜电极、集电器以及附件。其中，双极板作为燃料电池的核心部件，可以用石墨板、金属或者金属氧化物制备得到。双极板是流体分布的主要场所，合理设计的流道能将流体均匀分散在膜电极的表面，有效提升电池的性能。流道拥有较多的精细结构，设计复杂，因此对于金属双极板的制造，精度要求较高。传统的金属双极板制造工艺复杂，需要铸模、电镀等工艺，制造路线复杂冗长，时间成本较高。另外，传统的制造工艺需要对金属板进行打磨，不但浪费金属材料，成型的精度低，而且得到的金属板的公差较大。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于解决现有技术中存在的不足，提供一种燃料电池金属双极板及其制备方法。本发明的制备方法工艺简单、制作成本低，相同条件下制备的金属双极板性能均一、稳定，公差较小，可以满足燃料电池双极板的要求。
一方面，本发明实施例提供一种燃料电池金属双极板的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
步骤S01：于50℃-500℃将金属材料进行剪切研磨1-48h，得到金属粉体；
步骤S02：将步骤S01的金属粉体进行干燥，得到干燥的金属粉体；然后 将所述干燥的金属粉体进行分筛，得到3D打印金属材料；
步骤S03：按照金属双极板的图纸、将步骤S02的3D打印金属材料进行3D打印，得到燃料电池金属双极板。
进一步地，步骤S01中，
所述金属材料为金属单质、至少两种所述金属单质组成的混合物、或所述金属单质的合金。
所述金属单质为铜、锆、钛、铅、钼、镍、银、铝、钯、锌、铁、钴、铬、金、锰、锡、铱、钌、铟或镧系金属中的一种。
优选的，所述金属材料为铜、钛合金或者不锈钢。
所述剪切研磨的压力为1-300Mpa，优选为100Mpa。
所述剪切研磨在超声的条件下进行，所述超声的频率为5-150KH Z，优选为40KH Z。
所述剪切研磨的时间优选为24h。
进一步地，步骤S02中，
所述干燥的条件为于120℃-150℃干燥9-12h，优选为于150℃干燥10h。
所述分筛为采用100-300目的筛网进行分筛，优选采用100目的筛网进行分筛。
进一步地，步骤S03中，
所述3D打印通过选择性激光熔化技术(SLM)进行打印，操作条件如下：所述激光的频率为20-900KHz，所述激光的功率为10-500W，所述激光的光斑直径为0.1-10mm，所述激光的扫描速度为0.1-10mm/s，所述激光的扫描间距为0.1-2mm。
所述3D打印通过电子束熔化成型技术(EBM)进行打印，操作条件如下：所述电子束的功率为0-4KW，所述电子束的扫描速度为0-1000m/s。
所述3D打印通过直接金属激光烧结技术(DMLS)进行打印，操作步骤如下：使用高能量的激光束再由3D模型数据控制来局部熔化金属基体，同时烧结固化粉末金属材料并自动地层层堆叠，得到燃料电池金属双极板。
所述3D打印通过电子束自由成形制造(EBF)进行打印，操作步骤如下： 在真空环境中，高能量密度的电子束轰击金属表面形成熔池，金属丝材通过送丝装置送入熔池并熔化，同时熔池按照预先规划的路径运动，金属材料逐层凝固堆积，形成致密的冶金结合，得到燃料电池金属双极板。
所述3D打印通过熔融沉积成型法(FDM)进行打印，操作步骤如下：金属的熔丝从加热的喷嘴挤出，按照零件每一层的预定轨迹，以固定的速率进行熔体沉积，得到燃料电池金属双极板。
另一方面，本发明实施例还提供由上述制备方法得到的燃料电池金属双极板。
本发明与现有技术相比具有以下有益效果：本申请的制备方法操作简单、制作成本低，制备时间短，本申请的3D打印金属材料可以根据实际需要快速进行3D打印，一次成型制备得到所需的燃料电池金属双极板。制备得到的燃料电池金属双极板具有良好的柔韧性和优异的力学性能及电学性能，可以满足燃料电池双极板的要求。
本发明目的的实现、功能特点及优点将结合实施例，做进一步说明。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明的一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
需要说明，若本发明实施例中有涉及方向性指示(诸如上、下、左、右、前、后、顶、底……)，则该方向性指示仅用于解释在某一特定姿态(如附图所示)下各部件之间的相对位置关系、运动情况等，如果该特定姿态发生改变时，则该方向性指示也相应地随之改变。
另外，若本发明实施例中有涉及“第一”、“第二”等的描述，则该“第一”、“第二”等的描述仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示其相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此，限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括至少一个该特征。另外，各个实施例之 间的技术方案可以相互结合，但是必须是以本领域普通技术人员能够实现为基础，当技术方案的结合出现相互矛盾或无法实现时应当认为这种技术方案的结合不存在，也不在本发明要求的保护范围之内。
本发明克服了传统制造燃料电池双极板方法中工艺流程复杂、制造周期长、原料利用率低、制造精度低、难以制造结构复杂的板体等缺点，能够快速获得表面具有精细结构的燃料电池金属双极板。在本申请中，不需要制造结构复杂的模具、也不需要开模操作即可能够获得具有精细结构表面的金属双极板，多余的金属材料可以回收利用，从而降低材料的消耗、进而进一步有效降低成本。
具体的，一方面，本发明实施例提供一种燃料电池金属双极板的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
步骤S01：于50℃-500℃将金属材料进行剪切研磨1-48h，得到金属粉体；
步骤S02：将步骤S01的金属粉体进行干燥，得到干燥的金属粉体；然后将所述干燥的金属粉体进行分筛，得到3D打印金属材料；
步骤S03：按照金属双极板的图纸、将步骤S02的3D打印金属材料进行3D打印，得到燃料电池金属双极板。
具体地，在步骤S01中，
所述金属材料为金属单质、至少两种所述金属单质组成的混合物(此处的混合物是指物理混合物)、或所述金属单质的合金。
所述金属单质为铜、锆、钛、铅、钼、镍、银、铝、钯、锌、铁、钴、铬、金、锰、锡、铱、钌、铟或镧系金属中的一种。
具体的，在本申请的实施例中，所述金属材料为铜、钛合金或者不锈钢(不锈钢的型号无特别要求，均能实现本申请的方案)。
选择金属材料不同，剪切研磨的温度可以根据实际需要而随之不同，例如选择铜作为金属材料时，剪切研磨的温度一般为50℃；如果选择不锈钢作为金属材料，则剪切研磨的温度一般为60℃。
所述剪切研磨的压力为1-300Mpa，一般优选为100Mpa。选择的金属材料不同，剪切研磨的压力可以根据实际需要而随之不同，一般来说，对于本 申请选择的金属材料，剪切研磨的压力为100Mpa即可满足需求。
所述剪切研磨在超声的条件下进行，所述超声的频率为5-150KH Z，优选为40KH Z。选择的金属材料不同，剪切研磨的超声频率可以根据实际需要而随之不同，一般来说，对于本申请选择的金属材料，剪切研磨的压力为40KH Z即可满足需求。
本申请中，所述剪切研磨的时间优选为24h。
进一步地，步骤S02中，
所述干燥的条件为于120℃-150℃干燥9-12h，优选为于150℃干燥10h。
所述分筛为采用100-300目的筛网进行分筛，优选采用100目的筛网进行分筛。选择这些目数，在满足3D打印要求的同时，可以保证一次成型制备得到所需的燃料电池金属双极板，制备得到的燃料电池金属双极板具有良好的柔韧性和优异的力学性能及电学性能，可以满足燃料电池双极板的要求。
进一步地，步骤S03中，
所述3D打印通过选择性激光熔化技术(SLM)进行打印，操作条件如下：所述激光的频率为20-900KHz，所述激光的功率为10-500W，所述激光的光斑直径为0.1-10mm，所述激光的扫描速度为0.1-10mm/s，所述激光的扫描间距为0.1-2mm。
所述3D打印通过电子束熔化成型技术(EBM)进行打印，操作条件如下：所述电子束的功率为0-4KW，即电子束的功率大于零、小于4KW即可，所述电子束的扫描速度为0-1000m/s，即电子束的扫描速度大于零、小于1000m/s即可。
所述3D打印通过直接金属激光烧结技术(DMLS)进行打印，操作步骤如下：使用高能量(能使金属材料熔化即可)的激光束再由3D模型数据控制来局部熔化金属基体，同时烧结固化粉末金属材料并自动地层层堆叠，得到燃料电池金属双极板。
所述3D打印通过电子束自由成形制造(EBF)进行打印，操作步骤如下：在真空环境中，高能量密度(能使金属材料熔化即可)的电子束(电子束的功率大于零、小于4KW即可)轰击金属表面形成熔池，金属丝材通过送丝装 置送入熔池并熔化，同时熔池按照预先规划的路径运动，金属材料逐层凝固堆积，形成致密的冶金结合，得到燃料电池金属双极板。
所述3D打印通过熔融沉积成型法(FDM)进行打印，操作步骤如下：金属的熔丝从加热的喷嘴挤出，按照零件每一层的预定轨迹，以固定的速率进行熔体沉积，得到燃料电池金属双极板。
另一方面，本发明实施例还提供由上述制备方法得到的燃料电池金属双极板。
本申请的制备方法操作简单、制作成本低，制备时间短，本申请的3D打印金属材料可以根据实际需要快速进行3D打印，一次成型制备得到所需的燃料电池金属双极板。制备得到的燃料电池金属双极板具有良好的柔韧性和优异的力学性能及电学性能，可以满足燃料电池双极板的要求。
实施例1
一种燃料电池金属双极板的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
步骤S01：于50℃、压力100MPa、超声频率40KHz下将铜金属进行剪切研磨24h，得到金属粉体；
步骤S02：于150℃将步骤S01的金属粉体干燥10h，得到干燥的金属粉体；然后将所述干燥的金属粉体通过100目筛体进行分筛，得到颗粒均匀的3D打印金属材料；
步骤S03：按照金属双极板的图纸、将步骤S02的3D打印金属材料通过选择性激光熔化技术进行3D打印，得到燃料电池金属双极板；其中，激光功率为200W，光斑直径约为1mm，扫描速度为0.5mm/s，扫描间距为0.5mm。
经检测，制备得到的燃料电池金属双极板符合燃料电池双极板的相关要求。
实施例2
一种燃料电池金属双极板的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
步骤S01：于50℃、压力100MPa、超声频率40KHz下将铜金属进行剪切研磨24h，得到金属粉体；
步骤S02：于150℃将步骤S01的金属粉体干燥10h，得到干燥的金属粉体；然后将所述干燥的金属粉体通过100目筛体进行分筛，得到颗粒均匀的3D打印金属材料；
步骤S03：按照金属双极板的图纸、将步骤S02的3D打印金属材料通过直接金属激光烧结技术进行3D打印，得到燃料电池金属双极板；其中，激光功率为200W，光斑直径约为1mm，扫描速度为0.5mm/s，扫描间距为0.5mm。
经检测，制备得到的燃料电池金属双极板符合燃料电池双极板的相关要求。
实施例3
一种燃料电池金属双极板的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
步骤S01：于50℃、压力100MPa、超声频率40KHz下将铜金属进行剪切研磨24h，得到金属粉体；
步骤S02：于150℃将步骤S01的金属粉体干燥10h，得到干燥的金属粉体；然后将所述干燥的金属粉体通过100目筛体进行分筛，得到颗粒均匀的3D打印金属材料；
步骤S03：按照金属双极板的图纸、将步骤S02的3D打印金属材料通过直接电子束熔化成型技术进行3D打印，得到燃料电池金属双极板；其中，电子束功率0-4KW，熔解速度0.3-0.5m/s，电子束扫描速度0-1000m/s，扫描间距为0.5mm。
经检测，制备得到的燃料电池金属双极板符合燃料电池双极板的相关要求。
实施例4
一种燃料电池金属双极板的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
步骤S01：于50℃、压力100MPa、超声频率40KHz下将铜金属进行剪切研磨24h，得到金属粉体；
步骤S02：于150℃将步骤S01的金属粉体干燥10h，得到干燥的金属粉 体；然后将所述干燥的金属粉体通过100目筛体进行分筛，得到颗粒均匀的3D打印金属材料；
步骤S03：按照金属双极板的图纸、将步骤S02的3D打印金属材料通过电子束自由成形制造技术进行3D打印，得到燃料电池金属双极板；其中，真空度0.013Pa，电子枪功率42KW。
经检测，制备得到的燃料电池金属双极板符合燃料电池双极板的相关要求。
实施例5
一种燃料电池金属双极板的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
步骤S01：于60℃、压力100MPa、超声频率40KHz下将不锈钢进行剪切研磨24h，得到金属粉体；
步骤S02：于150℃将步骤S01的金属粉体干燥10h，得到干燥的金属粉体；然后将所述干燥的金属粉体通过100目筛体进行分筛，得到颗粒均匀的3D打印金属材料；
步骤S03：按照金属双极板的图纸、将步骤S02的3D打印金属材料通过选择性激光熔化技术进行3D打印，得到燃料电池金属双极板；其中，激光功率为200W，光斑直径约为1mm，扫描速度为0.5mm/s，扫描间距为0.5mm。
经检测，制备得到的燃料电池金属双极板符合燃料电池双极板的相关要求。
实施例6
一种燃料电池金属双极板的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
步骤S01：于60℃、压力100MPa、超声频率40KHz下将不锈钢进行剪切研磨24h，得到金属粉体；
步骤S02：于150℃将步骤S01的金属粉体干燥10h，得到干燥的金属粉体；然后将所述干燥的金属粉体通过100目筛体进行分筛，得到颗粒均匀的3D打印金属材料；
步骤S03：按照金属双极板的图纸、将步骤S02的3D打印金属材料通过直接电子束熔化成型技术进行3D打印，得到燃料电池金属双极板；其中，电子束功率0-4KW，熔解速度0.3-0.5m/s，电子束扫描速度0-1000m/s，扫描间距为0.5mm。
经检测，制备得到的燃料电池金属双极板符合燃料电池双极板的相关要求。
实施例7
一种燃料电池金属双极板的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
步骤S01：于50℃、压力100MPa、超声频率40KHz下将钛合金进行剪切研磨24h，得到金属粉体；
步骤S02：于150℃将步骤S01的金属粉体干燥10h，得到干燥的金属粉体；然后将所述干燥的金属粉体通过100目筛体进行分筛，得到颗粒均匀的3D打印金属材料；
步骤S03：按照金属双极板的图纸、将步骤S02的3D打印金属材料通过电子束自由成形制造技术进行3D打印，得到燃料电池金属双极板；其中，真空度0.013Pa，电子枪功率42KW。
经检测，制备得到的燃料电池金属双极板符合燃料电池双极板的相关要求。
实施例8
一种燃料电池金属双极板的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
步骤S01：于50℃、压力100MPa、超声频率40KHz下将钛合金进行剪切研磨24h，得到金属粉体；
步骤S02：于150℃将步骤S01的金属粉体干燥10h，得到干燥的金属粉体；然后将所述干燥的金属粉体通过100目筛体进行分筛，得到颗粒均匀的3D打印金属材料；
步骤S03：按照金属双极板的图纸、将步骤S02的3D打印金属材料通过 直接电子束熔化成型技术进行3D打印，得到燃料电池金属双极板；其中，电子束功率0-4KW，熔解速度0.3-0.5m/s，电子束扫描速度0-1000m/s，扫描间距为0.5mm。
经检测，制备得到的燃料电池金属双极板符合燃料电池双极板的相关要求。
本申请的制备方法操作简单、制作成本低，制备时间短，使其制得的膏状物可以适用于采用选择性激光烧结技术进行3D打印，可以根据实际需要快速制备所需的燃料电池双极板；制备得到的双极板具有良好的柔韧性和优异的力学性能及电学性能，可以满足燃料电池双极板的要求。
对比实施例1
一种燃料电池金属双极板的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
步骤S01：于30℃、压力100MPa、超声频率40KHz下将铜金属进行剪切研磨24h，得到金属粉体；
步骤S02：于100℃将步骤S01的金属粉体干燥10h，得到干燥的金属粉体；然后将所述干燥的金属粉体通过100目筛体进行分筛，得到颗粒均匀的3D打印金属材料；
步骤S03：按照金属双极板的图纸、将步骤S02的3D打印金属材料通过选择性激光熔化技术进行3D打印，得到燃料电池金属双极板；其中，激光功率为200W，光斑直径约为1mm，扫描速度为0.5mm/s，扫描间距为0.5mm。
经检测，由于剪切研磨温度以及干燥温度的影响，制备得到的燃料电池金属双极板均一性较差，公差较大，不符合燃料电池双极板的相关要求。
对比实施例2
一种燃料电池金属双极板的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
步骤S01：于50℃、压力100MPa、超声频率40KHz下将铜金属进行剪切研磨24h，得到金属粉体；
步骤S02：于150℃将步骤S01的金属粉体干燥10h，得到干燥的金属粉体；然后将所述干燥的金属粉体通过100目筛体进行分筛，得到颗粒均匀的3D打印金属材料；
步骤S03：按照金属双极板的图纸、将步骤S02的3D打印金属材料通过选择性激光熔化技术进行3D打印，得到燃料电池金属双极板；其中，激光功率为5W，光斑直径约为1mm，扫描速度为0.5mm/s，扫描间距为3.0mm。
经检测，由于激光功率以及扫描间距的影响，制备得到的燃料电池金属双极板均一性较差，公差较大，不符合燃料电池双极板的相关要求。
对比实施例3
一种燃料电池金属双极板的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
步骤S01：于50℃、压力100MPa、超声频率40KHz下将铜金属进行剪切研磨24h，得到金属粉体；
步骤S02：于150℃将步骤S01的金属粉体干燥10h，得到干燥的金属粉体；然后将所述干燥的金属粉体通过100目筛体进行分筛，得到颗粒均匀的3D打印金属材料；
步骤S03：按照金属双极板的图纸、将步骤S02的3D打印金属材料通过选择性激光熔化技术进行3D打印，得到燃料电池金属双极板；其中，激光功率为200W，光斑直径约为20mm，扫描速度为15.0mm/s，扫描间距为0.5mm。
经检测，由于光斑直径以及扫描速度的影响，制备得到的燃料电池金属双极板均一性较差，公差较大，不符合燃料电池双极板的相关要求。
以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例，并非因此限制本发明的专利范围，凡是在本发明的发明构思下，利用本发明说明书及附图内容所作的等效结构变换，或直接/间接运用在其他相关的技术领域均包括在本发明的专利保护范围内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种燃料电池金属双极板的制备方法，其特征在于，包括如下步骤：
    步骤S01：于50℃-500℃将金属材料进行剪切研磨1-48h，得到金属粉体；
    步骤S02：将步骤S01的金属粉体进行干燥，得到干燥的金属粉体；然后将所述干燥的金属粉体进行分筛，得到3D打印金属材料；
    步骤S03：按照金属双极板的图纸、将步骤S02的3D打印金属材料进行3D打印，得到燃料电池金属双极板。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的燃料电池金属双极板的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤S01中，所述金属材料为金属单质、至少两种所述金属单质组成的混合物、或所述金属单质的合金。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的燃料电池金属双极板的制备方法，其特征在于，所述金属单质为铜、锆、钛、铅、钼、镍、银、铝、钯、锌、铁、钴、铬、金、锰、锡、铱、钌、铟或镧系金属中的一种。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的燃料电池金属双极板的制备方法，其特征在于，所述金属材料为铜、钛合金或者不锈钢。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的燃料电池金属双极板的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤S01中，所述剪切研磨的压力为1-300Mpa；所述剪切研磨在超声的条件下进行，所述超声的频率为5-150KH Z；
    步骤S02中，所述干燥的条件为于120℃-150℃干燥9-12h；所述分筛为采用100-300目的筛网进行分筛。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的燃料电池金属双极板的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤S03中，所述3D打印通过选择性激光熔化技术进行打印，操作条件如下：所述激光的频率为20-900KHz，所述激光的功率为10-500W，所述激光的光斑直径为0.1-10mm，所述激光的扫描速度为0.1-10mm/s，所述激光的扫描间距为0.1-2mm。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的燃料电池金属双极板的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤S03中，所述3D打印通过电子束熔化成型技术进行打印，操作条件如下： 所述电子束的功率为0-4KW，所述电子束的扫描速度为0-1000m/s。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的燃料电池金属双极板的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤S03中，所述3D打印通过直接金属激光烧结技术进行打印，操作步骤如下：使用激光束再由3D模型数据控制来局部熔化金属基体，同时烧结固化粉末金属材料并自动地层层堆叠，得到燃料电池金属双极板。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的燃料电池金属双极板的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤S03中，所述3D打印通过电子束自由成形制造进行打印，操作步骤如下：在真空环境中，使用电子束轰击金属表面形成熔池，金属丝材通过送丝装置送入熔池并熔化，同时熔池按照预先规划的路径运动，金属材料逐层凝固堆积，形成致密的冶金结合，得到燃料电池金属双极板；或者，
    所述3D打印通过熔融沉积成型法进行打印，操作步骤如下：金属的熔丝从加热的喷嘴挤出，按照零件每一层的预定轨迹，以固定的速率进行熔体沉积，得到燃料电池金属双极板。
  10. 一种燃料电池金属双极板，由权利要求1至9任一项所述燃料电池金属双极板的制备方法制备得到。
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