WO2022034916A1 - 多環芳香族化合物 - Google Patents
多環芳香族化合物 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022034916A1 WO2022034916A1 PCT/JP2021/029758 JP2021029758W WO2022034916A1 WO 2022034916 A1 WO2022034916 A1 WO 2022034916A1 JP 2021029758 W JP2021029758 W JP 2021029758W WO 2022034916 A1 WO2022034916 A1 WO 2022034916A1
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- -1 Polycyclic aromatic compound Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 560
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 474
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- 125000001072 heteroaryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 300
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- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 204
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 193
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- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 112
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- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 48
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- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 17
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzene Substances C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 17
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- ILAHWRKJUDSMFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N boron tribromide Chemical compound BrB(Br)Br ILAHWRKJUDSMFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
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- JGFZNNIVVJXRND-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Diisopropylethylamine (DIPEA) Chemical compound CCN(C(C)C)C(C)C JGFZNNIVVJXRND-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
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- ZSWFCLXCOIISFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclopentadiene Chemical group C1C=CC=C1 ZSWFCLXCOIISFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
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- C07F5/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 3 or 13 of the Periodic Table
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- C07F7/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 4 or 14 of the Periodic Table
- C07F7/02—Silicon compounds
- C07F7/08—Compounds having one or more C—Si linkages
- C07F7/0803—Compounds with Si-C or Si-Si linkages
- C07F7/081—Compounds with Si-C or Si-Si linkages comprising at least one atom selected from the elements N, O, halogen, S, Se or Te
- C07F7/0812—Compounds with Si-C or Si-Si linkages comprising at least one atom selected from the elements N, O, halogen, S, Se or Te comprising a heterocyclic ring
- C07F7/0816—Compounds with Si-C or Si-Si linkages comprising at least one atom selected from the elements N, O, halogen, S, Se or Te comprising a heterocyclic ring said ring comprising Si as a ring atom
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- C07F9/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 5 or 15 of the Periodic Table
- C07F9/02—Phosphorus compounds
- C07F9/547—Heterocyclic compounds, e.g. containing phosphorus as a ring hetero atom
- C07F9/6561—Heterocyclic compounds, e.g. containing phosphorus as a ring hetero atom containing systems of two or more relevant hetero rings condensed among themselves or condensed with a common carbocyclic ring or ring system, with or without other non-condensed hetero rings
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- H01L29/66—Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/68—Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor controllable by only the electric current supplied, or only the electric potential applied, to an electrode which does not carry the current to be rectified, amplified or switched
- H01L29/76—Unipolar devices, e.g. field effect transistors
- H01L29/772—Field effect transistors
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- H10K50/12—OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED] characterised by the electroluminescent [EL] layers comprising dopants
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to polycyclic aromatic compounds.
- the present invention also relates to a material for an organic device containing the polycyclic aromatic compound, an organic electric field light emitting element, and a display device and a lighting device.
- the organic EL element has a structure composed of a pair of electrodes consisting of an anode and a cathode, and one layer or a plurality of layers including an organic compound, which are arranged between the pair of electrodes.
- the layer containing an organic compound (sometimes referred to as "organic layer” in the present specification) includes a light emitting layer, a charge transport / injection layer for transporting or injecting charges such as holes and electrons, and the like.
- organic materials suitable for the layers have been developed.
- Patent Document 1 discloses that a polycyclic aromatic compound in which an aromatic ring is linked with a hetero element such as boron, phosphorus, oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur is useful as a material for an organic electric field light emitting element or the like.
- This polycyclic aromatic compound has a large HOMO-LUMO gap and a high minimum excited triplet energy level ( ET ), and exhibits thermally activated delayed fluorescence, making it particularly useful as a fluorescent material for organic electroluminescent devices. It has been reported that there is.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a novel material useful as a material for an organic device such as an organic EL element.
- the present inventors have diligently studied to solve the above problems and succeeded in producing a new compound as a polycyclic aromatic compound in which an aromatic ring is linked with a hetero element such as boron, phosphorus, oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur. .. Further, they have found that an excellent organic EL element can be obtained by arranging a layer containing this polycyclic aromatic compound between a pair of electrodes to form an organic EL element, and completed the present invention. That is, the present invention provides a polycyclic aromatic compound such as the following, and a material for an organic device containing the following polycyclic aromatic compound.
- a polycyclic aromatic compound composed of a partial structure represented by the formula (1A) and a partial structure represented by at least two formulas (1B);
- Rings A and B are independently optionally substituted aryl rings or optionally substituted heteroaryl rings, respectively.
- RXDs are aryls that may be substituted, heteroaryls that may be substituted, alkyls that may be substituted or cycloalkyls that may be substituted, and the dashed line is -X- or a single bond. It may be bonded to the A ring. RXD may be bonded to the B ring with a broken line of -X-, -X' -or a single bond.
- the C ring is an aryl ring which may be substituted or a heteroaryl ring which may be substituted independently, respectively, and the portion where the broken line is -X- or a single bond and is represented by the formula (1B). It may be bonded at the position of (*) to the ring or X to which the structure is bonded.
- RXE is an aryl that may be substituted, a heteroaryl that may be substituted, an alkyl that may be substituted or a cycloalkyl that may be substituted, and the broken line is -X- or a single bond.
- the partial structure represented by the equation (1B) may be bonded to the bonded ring or X at the position of (*).
- R XE may be bonded to the C ring with a broken line of -X-, -X'-or a single bond.
- X is independently> C (-R) 2, >N-R,>O,> Si (-R) 2 > S or> Se.
- X' is one selected from the group consisting of arylene, heteroarylene, or arylene or heteroarylene and> C (-R) 2, >N-R,>O,> Si (-R) 2 and> S. It is a divalent linking group consisting of the above combinations.
- the R of> N—R in X and X' is hydrogen, optionally substituted aryl, optionally substituted heteroaryl, optionally substituted alkyl, optionally substituted cycloalkyl or
- the R of> C (-R) 2 and> Si (-R) 2 in X and X', which is a bond with (*), is hydrogen, an aryl which may be substituted, or an aryl which may be substituted.
- At least one of the> N-R, the> C (-R) 2 , and the> Si (-R) 2 R is an A ring, a B ring, a C ring, an RXD , or a linking group or a single bond.
- At least one selected from the group consisting of an aryl ring and a heteroaryl ring in the polycyclic aromatic compound may be condensed with at least one cycloalkane, and at least one hydrogen in the cycloalkane is substituted.
- at least one -CH 2- in the cycloalkane may be substituted with -O-.
- At least one hydrogen in the polycyclic aromatic compound may be substituted with deuterium, cyano or halogen.
- the partial structure represented by one of the equations (1B) is At the position of *, it is bonded to the ring-constituting atom of the aryl ring or the heteroaryl ring in the B ring.
- the B ring and the C ring are bonded to the ring-constituting atom of the aryl ring or the heteroaryl ring in the B ring so as to be bonded via -X-.
- the B ring and RXE are bonded to the ring-constituting atom of the aryl ring or the heteroaryl ring in the B ring so as to be bonded via -X-.
- the substructure represented by the other equation (1B) is At the position of *, it is bonded to the ring-constituting atom of the aryl ring or heteroaryl ring in RXD .
- the RXD and the C ring are bonded to the ring-constituting atom of the aryl ring or the heteroaryl ring in the RXD so as to be bonded via ⁇ X—.
- ⁇ 2> or ⁇ 3> bonded to a ring-constituting atom of an aryl ring or a heteroaryl ring in RXD such that RXD and RXE are bonded via -X- at the position (*).
- X is independently> C (-R) 2, >N-R,>O,> Si (-R) 2 ,> S or> Se, and R in> N-R is substituted.
- Aryl which may be substituted, heteroaryl which may be substituted, alkyl which may be substituted or cycloalkyl which may be substituted, and the above-mentioned> C (-R) 2 and> Si (-R).
- R of 2 is hydrogen, optionally substituted aryl, optionally substituted alkyl or optionally substituted cycloalkyl, and may be attached to each other by a linking group, and the above>.
- At least one of the Rs of N-R, said> C (-R) 2 , and said> Si (-R) 2 is a linking group with Z adjacent to any carbon atom to which X containing said R is directly bonded. Alternatively, they may be bonded by a single bond.
- the R Zs are independently hydrogen or substituents, and adjacent groups of the R Zs may be bonded to each other to form an aryl ring or a heteroaryl ring together with the ring to which the R Z is bonded.
- the formed ring may be substituted,
- At least one selected from the group consisting of an aryl ring and a heteroaryl ring in the polycyclic aromatic compound may be condensed with at least one cycloalkane, and at least one hydrogen in the cycloalkane is substituted.
- at least one -CH 2- in the cycloalkane may be substituted with -O-.
- At least one hydrogen in the polycyclic aromatic compound may be substituted with deuterium, cyano or halogen.
- Equation (1B) includes two substructures represented by equation (1B).
- RXE has a broken line of -X- or a single bond and is bonded to the C ring.
- the partial structure represented by one of the equations (1B) is At the position of *, it is bonded to the ring-constituting atom of the aryl ring or the heteroaryl ring in the B ring.
- the B ring and the C ring are bonded to the ring-constituting atom of the aryl ring or the heteroaryl ring in the B ring so as to be bonded via -X-.
- the substructure represented by the other equation (1B) is At the position of *, it is bonded to the ring-constituting atom of the aryl ring or heteroaryl ring in RXD .
- the RXD and the C ring are bonded to the ring-constituting atom of the aryl ring or the heteroaryl ring in the RXD so as to be bonded via ⁇ X—.
- X is independently> C (-R) 2, >N-R,>O,> Si (-R) 2 ,> S or> Se, and R in> N-R is substituted.
- Aryl which may be substituted, heteroaryl which may be substituted, alkyl which may be substituted or cycloalkyl which may be substituted, and the above-mentioned> C (-R) 2 and> Si (-R).
- R of 2 is hydrogen, optionally substituted aryl, optionally substituted alkyl or optionally substituted cycloalkyl, and may be attached to each other by a linking group, and the above>.
- At least one of the Rs of N-R, said> C (-R) 2 , and said> Si (-R) 2 is a linking group with Z adjacent to any carbon atom to which X containing said R is directly bonded. Alternatively, they may be bonded by a single bond.
- the R Zs are independently hydrogen or substituents, and adjacent groups of the R Zs may be bonded to each other to form an aryl ring or a heteroaryl ring together with the ring to which the R Z is bonded.
- the formed ring may be substituted,
- At least one selected from the group consisting of an aryl ring and a heteroaryl ring in the polycyclic aromatic compound may be condensed with at least one cycloalkane, and at least one hydrogen in the cycloalkane is substituted.
- at least one -CH 2- in the cycloalkane may be substituted with -O-.
- At least one hydrogen in the polycyclic aromatic compound may be substituted with deuterium, cyano or halogen.
- X is independently> C (-R) 2, >N-R,>O,> Si (-R) 2 ,> S or> Se, and R in> N-R is substituted.
- Aryl which may be substituted, heteroaryl which may be substituted, alkyl which may be substituted or cycloalkyl which may be substituted, and the above-mentioned> C (-R) 2 and> Si (-R).
- R of 2 is hydrogen, optionally substituted aryl, optionally substituted alkyl or optionally substituted cycloalkyl, and may be attached to each other by a linking group, and the above>.
- At least one of the Rs of N-R, said> C (-R) 2 , and said> Si (-R) 2 is a linking group with Z adjacent to any carbon atom to which X containing said R is directly bonded. Alternatively, they may be bonded by a single bond.
- the R Zs are independently hydrogen or substituents, and adjacent groups of the R Zs may be bonded to each other to form an aryl ring or a heteroaryl ring together with the ring to which the R Z is bonded.
- the formed ring may be substituted,
- At least one selected from the group consisting of an aryl ring and a heteroaryl ring in the polycyclic aromatic compound may be condensed with at least one cycloalkane, and at least one hydrogen in the cycloalkane is substituted.
- at least one -CH 2- in the cycloalkane may be substituted with -O-.
- At least one hydrogen in the polycyclic aromatic compound may be substituted with deuterium, cyano or halogen.
- RXE has a broken line of ⁇ X— or a single bond and is bonded to the C ring. At the position of *, it is bonded to the ring-constituting atom of the aryl ring or the heteroaryl ring in the B ring. At the position (*), the B ring and the C ring are bonded to the ring-constituting atom of the aryl ring or the heteroaryl ring in the B ring so as to be bonded via -X-.
- the substructure represented by the other equation (1B) is At the position of *, it is bonded to the ring-constituting atom of the aryl ring or heteroaryl ring in RXD .
- the RXD and the C ring are bonded to the ring-constituting atom of the aryl ring or the heteroaryl ring in the RXD so as to be bonded via ⁇ X—.
- RXD and RXE are bonded to the ring-constituting atom of the aryl ring or heteroaryl ring in RXD so as to be bonded via ⁇ X—.
- X are independently> C (-R) 2, >N-R,>O,> Si (-R) 2 ,> S or> Se, where at least one X is> O.
- R in> N-R is an aryl optionally substituted, a heteroaryl optionally substituted, an alkyl optionally substituted or a cycloalkyl optionally substituted.
- the R of> C (-R) 2 and> Si (-R) 2 are hydrogen, optionally substituted aryl, optionally substituted alkyl or optionally substituted cycloalkyl.
- the two Rs in each of> C (-R) 2 and> Si (-R) 2 may be bonded to each other to form a ring, and the above-mentioned> N-R and the above-mentioned> C (-R) 2 may be formed.
- at least one of the Rs of> Si (-R) 2 may be bonded to Z adjacent to any carbon atom to which X containing the R is directly bonded by a linking group or a single bond.
- the R Zs are independently hydrogen or substituents, and adjacent groups of the R Zs may be bonded to each other to form an aryl ring or a heteroaryl ring together with the ring to which the R Z is bonded.
- the formed ring may be substituted, At least one selected from the group consisting of an aryl ring and a heteroaryl ring in the polycyclic aromatic compound may be condensed with at least one cycloalkane, and at least one hydrogen in the cycloalkane is substituted. Alternatively, at least one -CH 2- in the cycloalkane may be substituted with -O-. At least one hydrogen in the polycyclic aromatic compound may be substituted with deuterium, cyano or halogen.
- X is independently> C (-R) 2, >N-R,>O,> Si (-R) 2 ,> S or> Se, and R in> N-R is substituted.
- R of 2 is hydrogen, optionally substituted aryl, optionally substituted alkyl or optionally substituted cycloalkyl,> C (-R) 2 and> Si (-R) 2 , respectively.
- the two Rs in the above may be coupled to each other to form a ring, and at least one of the above> N-R, the above> C (-R) 2 , and the above> Si (-R) 2 . May be bonded to Z adjacent to any carbon atom to which X including the R is directly bonded by a linking group or a single bond.
- the R Zs are independently hydrogen or substituents, and adjacent groups of the R Zs may be bonded to each other to form an aryl ring or a heteroaryl ring together with the ring to which the R Z is bonded.
- the formed ring may be substituted,
- At least one selected from the group consisting of an aryl ring and a heteroaryl ring in the polycyclic aromatic compound may be condensed with at least one cycloalkane, and at least one hydrogen in the cycloalkane is substituted.
- at least one -CH 2- in the cycloalkane may be substituted with -O-.
- At least one hydrogen in the polycyclic aromatic compound may be substituted with deuterium, cyano or halogen.
- ⁇ 18> A reactive compound in which a reactive substituent is substituted on the polycyclic aromatic compound according to any one of ⁇ 1> to ⁇ 17>.
- ⁇ 19> A polymer compound obtained by polymerizing the reactive compound according to ⁇ 18> as a monomer, or a polymer crosslinked product obtained by further cross-linking the polymer compound.
- ⁇ 20> A pendant type polymer compound in which the main chain type polymer is substituted with the reactive compound described in ⁇ 18>, or a pendant type polymer crosslinked body obtained by further cross-linking the pendant type polymer compound.
- ⁇ 21> A material for an organic device containing the polycyclic aromatic compound according to any one of ⁇ 1> to ⁇ 17>.
- ⁇ 22> A material for an organic device containing the reactive compound according to ⁇ 18>.
- ⁇ 23> A material for an organic device containing the polymer compound or polymer crosslinked body according to ⁇ 19>.
- ⁇ 24> A material for an organic device containing the pendant type polymer compound or the pendant type polymer crosslinked body according to ⁇ 20>.
- ⁇ 25> The material for an organic device according to any one of ⁇ 21> to ⁇ 24>, wherein the material for the organic device is a material for an organic field light emitting device, a material for an organic field effect transistor, or a material for an organic thin film solar cell. .. ⁇ 26> The material for an organic device according to ⁇ 25>, wherein the material for the organic electroluminescent element is a material for a light emitting layer.
- ⁇ 27> A composition comprising the polycyclic aromatic compound according to any one of ⁇ 1> to ⁇ 17> and an organic solvent.
- ⁇ 28> A composition comprising the reactive compound according to ⁇ 18> and an organic solvent.
- ⁇ 29> A composition comprising a main chain polymer, the reactive compound according to ⁇ 18>, and an organic solvent.
- ⁇ 30> A composition comprising the polymer compound or polymer crosslinked body according to ⁇ 19> and an organic solvent.
- ⁇ 31> A composition comprising the pendant-type polymer compound or the pendant-type polymer crosslinked body according to ⁇ 20> and an organic solvent.
- ⁇ 32> The polycyclic aromatic compound according to any one of ⁇ 1> to ⁇ 17>, which is arranged between the pair of electrodes composed of an anode and the cathode, and the reactive compound according to ⁇ 18>.
- An organic field light emitting element having an organic layer containing the polymer compound or polymer crosslinked body according to ⁇ 19>, or the pendant type polymer compound or pendant type polymer crosslinked body according to ⁇ 20>.
- ⁇ 33> The organic electroluminescent device according to ⁇ 32>, wherein the organic layer is a light emitting layer.
- the light emitting layer contains a host and the polycyclic aromatic compound, a reactive compound, a polymer compound, a polymer crosslinked body, a pendant type polymer compound or a pendant type polymer crosslinked body as a dopant.
- ⁇ 36> It has at least one layer of an electron transport layer and an electron injection layer arranged between the cathode and the light emitting layer, and at least one of the electron transport layer and the electron injection layer is a borane derivative, pyridine. At least one selected from the group consisting of derivatives, fluoranthene derivatives, BO-based derivatives, anthracene derivatives, benzofluorene derivatives, phosphinoxide derivatives, pyrimidine derivatives, arylnitrile derivatives, triazine derivatives, benzoimidazole derivatives, phenanthroline derivatives and quinolinol-based metal complexes.
- the organic electric field light emitting element according to any one of ⁇ 33> to ⁇ 35>, which contains one.
- At least one of the electron transport layer and the electron injection layer further comprises an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal, a rare earth metal, an alkali metal oxide, an alkali metal halide, and an alkaline earth metal oxide.
- Alkaline earth metal halides, rare earth metal oxides, rare earth metal halides, alkali metal organic complexes, alkaline earth metal organic complexes and rare earth metal organic complexes at least one selected from the group.
- ⁇ 39> A display device or a lighting device provided with the organic electroluminescent element according to any one of ⁇ 32> to ⁇ 38>.
- ⁇ 40> The polycyclic aromatic compound according to any one of ⁇ 1> to ⁇ 17>, the reactive compound according to ⁇ 18>, the polymer compound or the polymer crosslinked compound according to ⁇ 19>, or ⁇ 20> A wavelength conversion material containing the pendant type polymer compound or the pendant type polymer crosslinked body according to 20>.
- the present invention provides a novel polycyclic aromatic compound.
- the polycyclic aromatic compound of the present invention is useful as a material for an organic device, particularly a material for a light emitting layer for forming a light emitting layer of an organic electroluminescent element.
- the chemical structure or the substituent may be represented by the number of carbon atoms, but the number of carbon atoms in the case where the chemical structure is substituted with a substituent or when the substituent is further substituted with a substituent is the chemical structure or the substitution. It means the carbon number of each group, and does not mean the total carbon number of the chemical structure and the substituent, or the total carbon number of the substituent and the substituent.
- substituted B of carbon number Y substituted with substituent A of carbon number X means that "substituent A of carbon number X" is substituted with "substituent B of carbon number Y".
- the number of carbon atoms Y is not the total number of carbon atoms of the substituent A and the substituent B.
- substituted with substituent A means that "substituent A (with no limitation on carbon number)" is substituted with "substituent B having carbon number Y".
- the number of carbon atoms Y is not the total number of carbon atoms of the substituent A and the substituent B.
- Polycyclic aromatic compounds 1-1 A polycyclic aromatic compound consisting of a partial structure represented by the formula (1A) and at least two partial structures represented by the formula (1B)
- the present invention has one and at least one of the partial structures represented by the formula (1A). It relates to a polycyclic aromatic compound having a partial structure represented by the two formulas (1B).
- the A ring, the B ring and the C ring are aryl rings which may be independently substituted or heteroaryl rings which may be substituted, respectively.
- the C ring may be bonded at the position (*) to the ring or X to which the partial structure represented by the formula (1B) is bonded with the broken line being ⁇ X— or a single bond.
- the plurality of C rings in the partial structure represented by at least two equations (1B) may be the same or different from each other.
- the partial structure represented by the formula (1B) is the A ring, the B ring and RXD in the partial structure represented by the formula (1A) at the position of *, and the partial structure represented by another formula (1B). It is attached to the ring-constituting atom of an aryl ring or a heteroaryl ring in one selected from the group consisting of C ring and R XE .
- RXD is an aryl that may be substituted, a heteroaryl that may be substituted, an alkyl that may be substituted or a cycloalkyl that may be substituted, and the dashed line is ⁇ X. -Or it may be a single bond and is bonded to the A ring. Further, the RXD may be bonded to the B ring with a broken line of -X-, -X' -or a single bond.
- RXE is independently substituted aryl, substituted heteroaryl, substituted alkyl or optionally substituted cycloalkyl, respectively.
- the broken line may be -X- or a single bond, and the partial structure represented by the formula (1B) may be bonded at the bonded ring or X at the position of (*). Further, the broken line may be -X-, -X'- or a single bond to be bonded to the C ring.
- RXD is preferably an aryl that may be substituted or a heteroaryl that may be substituted. Further, it is preferable that RXD is bonded to the A ring via ⁇ X ⁇ .
- RXE is preferably an aryl that may be substituted or a heteroaryl that may be substituted. That is, the formula (1A) is preferably the following formula (2A), and the formula (1B) is preferably the following formula (2B).
- the A ring, B ring, C ring, RXD and RXE in the formula (1A) and the formula (1B) are (A ring, B ring, C ring, D ring and E in the formula (2A) and the formula (2B).
- the ring) is preferably bonded to Y in a 5-membered ring or a 6-membered ring. In the ring bonded to any X, the same 5-membered ring or 6-membered ring may be bonded to the X.
- a 5-membered ring or a 6-membered ring, bonded to Y (and any X) means that the ring is formed only by the 5-membered ring or the 6-membered ring, or the ring is formed.
- Other rings and the like are condensed to include a 5-membered ring or a 6-membered ring to form an aryl ring or a heteroaryl ring in A ring, B ring, C ring, RXD or RXE , and the 5-membered ring thereof is formed.
- it means that it is bonded to Y (and any X) at a ring-constituting atom on a 6-membered ring.
- X and Y bonded to the same ring may be bonded to ring-constituting atoms adjacent to each other, respectively.
- the polycyclic aromatic compound of the present invention is a polycyclic aromatic compound having a structure consisting of three or more structural units in which three aromatic rings are linked by hetero elements such as boron, phosphorus, oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur. No, it is a multimer in a form in which any ring contained in the structural unit is bonded so as to be shared by a plurality of structural units.
- the emission wavelength can be adjusted by adjusting the number of these structural units, preferably 3 to 5 mer for blue to green emission and 4 to 6 mer for green to red emission. .. That is, the polycyclic aromatic compound of the present invention preferably contains 2 to 4 partial structures represented by the formula (1B) for blue to green light emission, and the present invention is used for green to red light emission.
- the polycyclic aromatic compound of the present invention preferably contains 3 to 5 partial structures represented by the formula (1B).
- the partial structure represented by the formula (1B) is the position of * and 1
- a binding form represented by either the formula (II-1) or the formula (II-2) that binds to the A ring at one (*) position indicates a binding form that binds to X at yet another position (*).
- Formula (II-2) shows a bond form that binds to the A ring at yet another position (*).
- the partial structure represented by the formula (1B) is represented by any of the formulas (II-3) to (II-8) bonded to the B ring at the position of * and the position of one (*).
- Formula (II-3) shows a bond form that binds to the B ring at yet another (*) position
- formula (II-4) and formula (II-6) are yet another (*).
- the bond form that binds to X at the position of is shown.
- X is indicated by XT when the partial structure represented by the equation (1B) is bonded to X at the position (*).
- the polycyclic aromatic compound having a partial structure represented by the formula (1A) and a partial structure represented by at least two formulas (1B) is, for example, any of the formulas (II-1) to (II-8). It corresponds to a structure in which two or more arbitrary binding forms selected from the group consisting of the binding forms represented by the above structure are combined.
- the partial structure represented by the formula (1B) may be two or three or more (for example, 3 to 5). A plurality of the same binding forms may be combined, or different binding forms may be combined.
- a partial structure represented by (1B) in which the positions of (*) are all bonded to X (preferably, the broken line is a single bond) may be included.
- the binding form represented by the structures of the formulas (II-1) to (II-8) the partial structures represented by the following formulas can be mentioned.
- polycyclic aromatic compound having a partial structure represented by the formula (1A) and a partial structure represented by the two formulas (1B) are the following formulas (III-1) to the following formulas (III-1). Examples thereof include compounds represented by any of (III-14).
- Y is bonded to each other at the m-position and X is bonded to each other at the m-position.
- X is bonded to each other at the m-position.
- a structure in which Y is bonded to each other at the m-position and X is bonded to each other at the m-position is preferable.
- a structure in which Y and X bonded to the same ring are small is preferable.
- the compound represented by the formula (III-1) has one hexacene ring formed by C, X and Y, and the compound represented by the formula (III-2) has C, X and Y. It has one tetracene ring formed by.
- the compound represented by the formula (III-1) is preferable for light emission at a short wavelength.
- the compound represented by the formula (III-3) has one pentacene ring
- the compound represented by the formula (III-4) has three pentacene rings.
- the compound represented by the formula (III-4) is preferable, and a structure in which the maximum number of linear connections of the rings formed by C, X, Y and Z is small is preferable. ..
- the structure represented by the formula (II-5-1) has one pentacene ring formed by C, X and Y, and the structure represented by the formula (II-6-1) is C.
- X and Y have one tetracene ring
- the structure represented by the formula (II-5-2) has one anthracene ring formed by C, X and Y.
- the structure represented by the formula (II-5-2) is preferable for light emission at a short wavelength. For high efficiency, a structure with less Y and X bonded to the same ring is preferred. For light emission at long wavelengths, it is preferable that X and Y are bonded to the o-position or the p-position. Similarly, for light emission at a long wavelength, a structure having many Y and X bonded to the same ring is preferable.
- the formulas (III-1) to (III-5) and the formulas (III-9) to (III-14) are used.
- Compounds represented by any of the above are preferable, compounds represented by formulas (III-3) to (III-5) and formulas (III-9) to formulas (III-14) are more preferable, and compounds represented by formulas (III-14) are more preferable.
- 9) -The compound represented by the formula (III-14) is more preferable.
- the compounds represented by the formulas (III-9) and (III-10) are particularly preferable, and the compounds represented by the formula (III-10) are most preferable.
- the compound of the present invention is a compound having an asymmetric structure.
- an asymmetric structure a higher-order orbital corresponding to the structure is formed, and the lowest excited singlet and the higher-order triplet or the intersystem crossing between the higher-order singlet and the higher-order triplet are possible, so that the delayed fluorescence rate is fast.
- it is a compound having a structure in which one partial structure represented by the formula (1B) is bonded to each of the B ring and RXD of the partial structure represented by the formula (1A), and is represented by the formula (1B).
- Compounds with different partial structures are preferred, either in the structure itself or in the bound form. From this viewpoint, for example, a compound represented by the formula (III-12) is preferable.
- Z ) 2- , -N (-R Z )-, -O-, -S- or -Se- may be replaced.
- R Z is an independent hydrogen or substituent. More specifically, the RZs are independently hydrogen, aryl, heteroaryl, diarylamino, diheteroarylamino, arylheteroarylamino, diarylboryl (two aryls via a single bond or a linking group). (May be bonded), alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkoxy, aryloxy, substituted silyl or -L-Ak described below, and at least one hydrogen in each of the above groups other than -L-Ak is aryl, heteroaryl. , Alkyl or cycloalkyl.
- adjacent groups of R Z may be bonded to each other to form an aryl ring or a heteroaryl ring together with the ring to which the R Z is bonded, and at least one hydrogen in the formed ring is substituted.
- the substituents may be, specifically, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl, substituted or unsubstituted diarylamino, substituted or unsubstituted diheteroarylamino, substituted or unsubstituted.
- Aryl heteroarylamino, substituted or unsubstituted diarylboryl (two aryls may be attached via a single bond or a linking group), substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or Examples thereof include unsubstituted alkoxy, substituted or unsubstituted aryloxy, substituted silyl or —L-Ak described later.
- Substituents when referred to as "substituted or unsubstituted" or “substituted” include aryl, heteroaryl, alkyl and cycloalkyl.
- R Z is independently hydrogen and an aryl having 6 to 30 carbon atoms. , Heteroaryl with 2 to 30 carbons, diarylamino (where aryl is an aryl with 6 to 12 carbons), diarylboryl (where aryl is an aryl with 6 to 12 carbons, and the two aryls are single-bonded or linking groups.
- an alkyl having 1 to 24 carbon atoms (May be bonded via), an alkyl having 1 to 24 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl having 3 to 24 carbon atoms, a triarylsilyl (where the aryl is an aryl having 6 to 12 carbon atoms), or a trialkylsilyl (provided that the aryl is an aryl having 6 to 12 carbon atoms).
- the alkyl is preferably an alkyl having 1 to 6 carbon atoms), however, an aryl ring having 9 to 16 carbon atoms or an aryl ring having 6 to 15 carbon atoms together with an a ring, a b ring or a c ring in which adjacent RZs are bonded to each other.
- the heteroaryl ring may be formed, and at least one hydrogen in the formed ring is an aryl having 6 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkyl having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl having 3 to 16 carbon atoms, and a triaryl. It may be substituted with silyl (where aryl is aryl with 6 to 12 carbon atoms) or trialkylsilyl (where alkyl is alkyl with 1 to 5 carbon atoms). Independently, hydrogen, aryl with 6 to 16 carbon atoms, heteroaryl with 2 to 20 carbon atoms, diarylamino (where aryl is aryl with 6 to 10 carbon atoms), alkyl with 1 to 12 carbon atoms or 3 carbon atoms.
- cycloalkyl of ⁇ 16 is a cycloalkyl of ⁇ 16.
- they can be hydrogen, aryls with 6 to 16 carbon atoms, diallylamino (where aryls are aryls with 6 to 10 carbon atoms), alkyls with 1 to 12 carbon atoms or cycloalkyls with 3 to 16 carbon atoms. More preferred.
- the number of RZs in each ring in each of the formulas (III-1) to (III-14) is 0 to 1 for each part represented by the formula (1A) and each partial structure represented by the structural formula (1B). Is a substituent other than hydrogen, and the others are preferably hydrogen.
- an aryl ring or a heteroaryl is bonded together with a ring containing C (carbon atom) by bonding RZ bonded to adjacent C (carbon atom). It may form a ring.
- R has the same meaning as R Z , but does not mean that R is connected to each other.
- n is an integer of 0 to 4
- RN and R c are aryl, alkyl, or cycloalkyl, which may be substituted with hydrogen, alkyl, or cycloalkyl, or heteroaryl, cycloalkyl, which may be substituted with cycloalkyl.
- the A, B, and C rings in formulas (1A) and (1B) and the A, B, C, D, and E rings in formulas (2A) and (2B) are independent of each other. , May be substituted aryl ring or optionally substituted heteroaryl ring.
- aryl ring examples include an aryl ring having 6 to 30 carbon atoms, preferably an aryl ring having 6 to 16 carbon atoms, more preferably an aryl ring having 6 to 12 carbon atoms, and having 6 to 10 carbon atoms.
- Aryl rings are particularly preferred.
- aryl ring examples include a benzene ring, which is a monocyclic system, a biphenyl ring, which is a bicyclic system, a naphthalene ring, an inden ring, which is a fused dicyclic system, and a terphenyl ring (m-tel), which is a tricyclic system.
- the fluorene ring, the benzofluorene ring, and the indene ring also include a structure in which a fluorene ring, a benzofluorene ring, a cyclopentane ring, and the like are spiro-bonded, respectively.
- a fluorene ring, a benzofluorene ring, a cyclopentane ring, and the like are spiro-bonded, respectively.
- two of the two hydrogens of methylene are substituted with an alkyl such as methyl as the first substituent described later, respectively, and the dimethylfluorene ring and the dimethylbenzofluorene ring are substituted.
- those with a dimethylindene ring are also included.
- heteroaryl ring examples include a heteroaryl ring having 2 to 30 carbon atoms, preferably a heteroaryl ring having 2 to 25 carbon atoms, more preferably a heteroaryl ring having 2 to 20 carbon atoms, and more preferably a heteroaryl ring having 2 to 20 carbon atoms.
- heteroaryl ring having 2 to 15 carbon atoms is more preferable, and a heteroaryl ring having 2 to 10 carbon atoms is particularly preferable.
- heteroaryl ring include a heterocycle containing 1 to 5 heteroatoms selected from oxygen, sulfur and nitrogen in addition to carbon as ring-constituting atoms.
- heteroaryl ring examples include a pyrrole ring, an oxazole ring, an isooxazole ring, a thiazole ring, an isothiazole ring, an imidazole ring, an oxazole ring, a thiazazole ring, a triazole ring, a tetrazole ring, and a pyrazole ring.
- dihydroacridine ring, xanthene ring, and thioxanthene ring two of the two hydrogens of methylene are substituted with an alkyl such as methyl as the first substituent described later, respectively, and the dimethyldihydroacridine ring and dimethyl are substituted.
- alkyl such as methyl as the first substituent described later
- a bicyclic bipyridine ring a phenylpyridine ring, a pyridylphenyl ring, a tricyclic terpyridyl ring, a bispyridylphenyl ring, and a pyridylbiphenyl ring are also mentioned as "heteroaryl rings”.
- the "heteroaryl ring” shall also include a pyran ring.
- the substituent is a substituted or unsubstituted aryl, a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl, a substituted or unsubstituted diarylamino.
- substituted or unsubstituted alkyl substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted alkoxy, substituted or unsubstituted aryloxy, substituted silyl, or -L-Ak are preferable.
- the substituent includes aryl, heteroaryl, alkyl or cycloalkyl, or diarylamino.
- At least one hydrogen in the "aryl ring” or “heteroaryl ring” is the first substituent, a substituted or unsubstituted “aryl”, a substituted or unsubstituted "heteroaryl”, a substituted or unsubstituted.
- Diarylamino substituted or unsubstituted "diheteroarylamino", substituted or unsubstituted "arylheteroarylamino”, substituted or unsubstituted "diarylboryl” (two aryls via a single bond or a linking group) May be bonded) ”, substituted or unsubstituted“ alkyl ”, substituted or unsubstituted“ cycloalkyl ”, substituted or unsubstituted“ alkoxy ”, substituted or unsubstituted“ aryloxy ”, substituted“ It may be substituted with "silyl" or -L-Ak.
- the first substituents are "aryl” and “heteroaryl”, “diarylamino” aryl, “diheteroarylamino” heteroaryl, “aryl heteroarylamino” aryl and heteroaryl, and “diarylboryl”.
- aryl of “aryloxy” the monovalent group of the above-mentioned “aryl ring” or “heteroaryl ring” can be mentioned.
- aryl examples include aryls having 6 to 30 carbon atoms, preferably aryls having 6 to 24 carbon atoms, more preferably aryls having 6 to 20 carbon atoms, and aryls having 6 to 16 carbon atoms. Is more preferable, aryl having 6 to 12 carbon atoms is particularly preferable, and aryl having 6 to 10 carbon atoms is most preferable.
- aryl examples include phenyl, which is a monocyclic aryl, (2-, 3-, 4-) biphenylyl, which is a bicyclic aryl, and (1-, 2-) naphthyl, which is a fused bicyclic aryl.
- terphenylyl (m-terphenyl-2'-yl, m-terphenyl-4'-yl, m-terphenyl-4'-yl, which is a tricyclic aryl, m-terphenyl-5'-yl, o-terphenyl-3'-yl, o-terphenyl-4'-yl, p-terphenyl-2'-yl, m-telphenyl-2-yl, m -Terphenyl-3-yl, m-terphenyl-4-yl, o-terphenyl-2-yl, o-terphenyl-3-yl, o-terphenyl-4-yl, p-terphenyl-2 -Il, p-terphenyl-3-yl, p-terphenyl-4-yl), acenaphtylene- (1-, 3-,
- heteroaryl examples include heteroaryls having 2 to 30 carbon atoms, preferably heteroaryls having 2 to 25 carbon atoms, more preferably heteroaryls having 2 to 20 carbon atoms, and 2 to 20 carbon atoms.
- a heteroaryl of 15 is more preferred, and a heteroaryl having 2 to 10 carbon atoms is particularly preferred.
- heteroaryl include a heterocycle containing 1 to 5 heteroatoms selected from oxygen, sulfur and nitrogen in addition to carbon as ring-constituting atoms.
- heteroaryl examples include frill, thienyl, pyrrolyl, oxazolyl, isooxazolyl, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, oxadiazolyl, frazayl, thiadiazolyl, triazolyl, tetrazolyl, pyridyl, pyrimidinyl, pyridadinyl, pyrazinyl, triazinyl, benzofuranyl, and the like.
- alkyl as the first substituent may be either a straight chain or a branched chain, and examples thereof include a linear alkyl having 1 to 24 carbon atoms and a branched chain alkyl having 3 to 24 carbon atoms.
- An alkyl having 1 to 18 carbon atoms (branched chain alkyl having 3 to 18 carbon atoms) is preferable, an alkyl having 1 to 12 carbon atoms (branched chain alkyl having 3 to 12 carbon atoms) is more preferable, and an alkyl having 1 to 8 carbon atoms is more preferable.
- Branch chain alkyl having 3 to 8 carbon atoms is more preferable, and an alkyl having 1 to 6 carbon atoms (branched chain alkyl having 3 to 6 carbon atoms) is particularly preferable, and an alkyl having 1 to 5 carbon atoms (3 to 5 carbon atoms) is particularly preferable. Branched chain alkyl) is most preferred.
- alkyls include methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, s-butyl, t-butyl, n-pentyl, isopentyl, neopentyl, t-pentyl (t-amyl), n-.
- the tertiary-alkyl represented by the following formula (tR) is substituted when at least one hydrogen in the above-mentioned aryl ring or heteroaryl ring is substituted with a substituent.
- a base it is one of the particularly preferable ones. This is because such a bulky substituent increases the intramolecular distance and thus the emission quantum yield (PLQY) is improved.
- a substituent in which the tertiary-alkyl represented by the formula (tR) is substituted with another substituent as the second substituent is also preferable.
- tertiary-alkyl substituted diarylamino represented by (tR)
- a tertiary-alkyl substituted carbazolyl represented by (tR) (preferably N-carbazolyl) or (tR).
- examples thereof include benzocarbazolyl (preferably N-benzocarbazolyl) substituted with the represented tertiary-alkyl.
- examples of the "diarylamino" include groups described below as the "first substituent".
- Ra, R b, and R c are independently alkyls having 1 to 24 carbon atoms, and any -CH 2- in the alkyl may be substituted with -O-.
- the group represented by the formula (tR) is replaced with at least one hydrogen in the compound consisting of the partial structure represented by the formula (1A) and the partial structure represented by at least two formulas (1B) in *.
- alkyl having 1 to 24 carbon atoms may be either a straight chain or a branched chain, for example, a linear alkyl having 1 to 24 carbon atoms or a branched alkyl having 3 to 24 carbon atoms.
- the total number of carbon atoms of Ra, R b , and R c in the formula (tR ) is preferably 3 to 20 carbon atoms, and particularly preferably 3 to 10 carbon atoms.
- R a , R b , and R c include methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, s-butyl, t-butyl, n-pentyl, isopentyl, neopentyl, t.
- -Pentyl n-hexyl, 1-methylpentyl, 4-methyl-2-pentyl, 3,3-dimethylbutyl, 2-ethylbutyl, n-heptyl, 1-methylhexyl, n-octyl, t-octyl, 1- Methylheptyl, 2-ethylhexyl, 2-propylpentyl, n-nonyl, 2,2-dimethylheptyl, 2,6-dimethyl-4-heptyl, 3,5,5-trimethylhexyl, n-decyl, n-undecyl, Examples thereof include 1-methyldecyl, n-dodecyl, n-tridecyl, 1-hexylheptyl, n-tetradecyl, n-pentadecyl, n-hexadecyl, n-heptadecyl, n
- Examples of the group represented by the formula (tR) include t-butyl, t-amyl, 1-ethyl-1-methylpropyl, 1,1-diethylpropyl, 1,1-dimethylbutyl and 1-ethyl-1-.
- Examples of the "cycloalkyl" as the first substituent include cycloalkyl having 3 to 24 carbon atoms, cycloalkyl having 3 to 20 carbon atoms, cycloalkyl having 3 to 16 carbon atoms, and cycloalkyl having 3 to 14 carbon atoms. Examples thereof include cycloalkyl having 5 to 10 carbon atoms, cycloalkyl having 5 to 8 carbon atoms, cycloalkyl having 5 to 6 carbon atoms, and cycloalkyl having 5 carbon atoms.
- cycloalkyls include cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, cyclooctyl, cyclononyl, cyclodecyl, alkyl (particularly methyl) substituents having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, and norbornyl (bicyclo [2].
- alkoxy for example, an alkoxy having a linear chain having 1 to 24 carbon atoms or a branched chain having 3 to 24 carbon atoms can be mentioned. Alkoxy having 1 to 18 carbon atoms (alkoxy of a branched chain having 3 to 18 carbon atoms) is preferable, and alkoxy having 1 to 12 carbon atoms (alkoxy of a branched chain having 3 to 12 carbon atoms) is more preferable, and alkoxy having 1 to 6 carbon atoms is more preferable.
- Alkoxy (alkoxy of a branched chain having 3 to 6 carbon atoms) is more preferable, and alkoxy having 1 to 5 carbon atoms (alkoxy of a branched chain having 3 to 5 carbon atoms) is particularly preferable.
- alkoxy examples include methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, isopropoxy, butoxy, isobutoxy, s-butoxy, t-butoxy, t-amyloxy, pentyloxy, hexyloxy, heptyloxy, and octyloxy.
- examples of the "substituted silyl" as the first substituent include silyls substituted with three substituents selected from the group consisting of alkyl, cycloalkyl, and aryl.
- substituents selected from the group consisting of alkyl, cycloalkyl, and aryl.
- the "trialkylsilyl” includes a group in which each of the three hydrogens in the silyl group is independently substituted with an alkyl, and this alkyl cites the group described as "alkyl” in the first substituent described above. be able to.
- Preferred alkyls for substitution are alkyls having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, and specific examples thereof include methyl, ethyl, propyl, i-propyl, butyl, sec-butyl, t-butyl and t-amyl.
- trialkylsilyl examples include trimethylsilyl, triethylsilyl, tripropylsilyl, trii-propylsilyl, tributylsilyl, trisec-butylsilyl, trit-butylsilyl, trit-amylsilyl, ethyldimethylsilyl, and propyldimethylsilyl.
- i-propyldimethylsilyl butyldimethylsilyl, sec-butyldimethylsilyl, t-butyldimethylsilyl, t-amyldimethylsilyl, methyldiethylsilyl, propyldiethylsilyl, i-propyldiethylsilyl, butyldiethylsilyl, sec-butyldiethyl Cyril, t-butyldiethylsilyl, t-amyldiethylsilyl, methyldipropylsilyl, ethyldipropylsilyl, butyldipropylsilyl, sec-butyldipropylsilyl, t-butyldipropylsilyl, t-amyldipropylsilyl, Examples thereof include methyldi i-propyl silyl, ethyl di-propy
- tricycloalkylsilyl examples include groups in which the three hydrogens in the silyl group are independently substituted with cycloalkyl, and this cycloalkyl has been described as "cycloalkyl" in the first substituent described above.
- the group can be quoted.
- Preferred cycloalkyls for substitution are cycloalkyls having 5 to 10 carbon atoms, specifically cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, cyclooctyl, cyclononyl, cyclodecyl, bicyclo [1.1.1] pentyl, bicyclo [.
- tricycloalkylsilyl examples include tricyclopentylsilyl and tricyclohexylsilyl.
- dialkylcycloalkylsilyl substituted with two alkyls and one cycloalkyl and the alkyldicycloalkylsilyl substituted with one alkyl and two cycloalkyls are selected from the specific alkyls and cycloalkyls described above. Examples thereof include Cyril in which the group to be substituted is substituted.
- dialkylarylsilyl substituted with two alkyls and one aryl the alkyldiarylsilyl substituted with one alkyl and two aryls, and the triarylsilyl substituted with three aryls are the specific alkyls described above.
- silyl substituted with a group selected from aryl Specific examples of triarylsilyl include triphenylsilyl.
- aryl in the "diarylboryl” of the first substituent, the above-mentioned description of aryl can be cited.
- the two aryls may be bonded via a single bond or a linking group (for example,> C (—R) 2 ,>O,> S or> N—R).
- R of> C (-R) 2 and> N-R is aryl, heteroaryl, diarylamino, alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkoxy or aryloxy (hereinafter, the first substituent), and the first is said.
- the substituent may be further substituted with aryl, heteroaryl, alkyl or cycloalkyl (hereinafter, the second substituent), and specific examples of these groups include aryl and hetero as the first substituent described above. Descriptions of aryl, diarylamino, alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkoxy, or aryloxy can be cited.
- L is> N-R,> O or> S
- R of> N-R may be substituted, aryl, or substituted.
- R of> NR may be bonded to Ak by a linking group or a single bond.
- Ak is hydrogen, optionally substituted alkyl or optionally substituted cycloalkyl, and at least one hydrogen in the alkyl and cycloalkyl may be substituted and at least one in the alkyl and cycloalkyl.
- -CH 2- may be substituted with -O- and -S-.
- L is preferably> N-R.
- R is preferably an aryl substituted with alkyl or cycloalkyl, a heteroaryl optionally substituted with alkyl or cycloalkyl, alkyl or cycloalkyl, preferably alkyl. It is more preferably an aryl optionally substituted with, a heteroaryl optionally substituted with alkyl, alkyl or cycloalkyl, even more preferably an aryl optionally substituted with alkyl and substituted with methyl. It is particularly preferable that it is a phenyl which may be used.
- Ak is preferably an alkyl having 1 to 6 carbon atoms or a cycloalkyl having 3 to 14 carbon atoms, preferably an alkyl having 1 to 4 carbon atoms or a cycloalkyl having 3 to 8 carbon atoms, and has 1 to 8 carbon atoms. It is more preferably an alkyl of 4, and even more preferably methyl.
- R may be attached to Ak by a linking group or a single bond.
- the linking group at this time include>O,> S or> Si (-R) 2 .
- R of Si ( ⁇ R) 2 is hydrogen, an aryl having 6 to 12 carbon atoms, an alkyl having 1 to 6 carbon atoms or a cycloalkyl having 3 to 14 carbon atoms.
- the following is an example of a structure in which R of> NR is bonded to Ak by a linking group or a single bond.
- Me is methyl and is attached to the ring-constituting atom of the aryl ring or heteroaryl ring in the A ring, B ring, C ring, RXD or RXE at the position of *.
- At least one hydrogen in the above may be substituted with a second substituent.
- the second substituent include aryl, heteroaryl, alkyl, and cycloalkyl, and specific examples thereof include the monovalent group of the above-mentioned "aryl ring” or “heteroaryl ring", and also.
- the description of "alkyl” or "cycloalkyl” as the first substituent can be referred to.
- aryl and heteroaryl as the second substituent at least one hydrogen in them is aryl such as phenyl (specific example is the group described above), methyl, t-butyl and the like (specific example is described above).
- the structure substituted with a cycloalkyl such as (the group described above) or cyclohexyl is also included in aryl or heteroaryl as the second substituent.
- a cycloalkyl such as (the group described above) or cyclohexyl
- the second substituent is carbazolyl
- alkyl such as methyl or cycloalkyl such as cyclohexyl
- heteroaryl as a substituent.
- the emission wavelength can be adjusted by the steric hindrance, electron donating property and electron attracting property of the structure of the first substituent. It is preferably a group represented by the following structural formula, and more preferably methyl, t-butyl, t-amyl, t-octyl, neopentyl, adamantyl, phenyl, o-tolyl, p-tolyl, 2,4-.
- the one with a large steric hindrance is preferable for selective synthesis, and specifically, t-butyl, t-amyl, t-octyl, adamantyl, o-tolyl, and p-tolyl.
- 2,4-Xylylyl 2,5-Xylylyl, 2,6-xylyl, 2,4,6-methityl, di-p-tolylamino, bis (p- (t-butyl) phenyl) amino, 3,6- Dimethylcarbazolyl and 3,6-di-t-butylcarbazolyl are preferred.
- the substituent when two or three hydrogens bonded to consecutive (adjacent) carbon atoms are substituted may be a group represented by the formula (A20).
- LS is>N-R,>O,> Si (-R) 2 or> S, where R in> N-R is optionally substituted aryl, substituted. It is a heteroaryl which may be substituted, an alkyl which may be substituted or a cycloalkyl which may be substituted, and the R of> Si (-R) 2 is hydrogen, an aryl which may be substituted, and is substituted. It may be an alkyl which may be an alkyl or a cycloalkyl which may be substituted, and may be bonded to each other to form a ring, and at least of R of the above> N-R and the above> Si (-R) 2 .
- One may be attached to at least one selected from the group consisting of A ring, B ring, C ring, RXD , RXE and RS by a linking group or a single bond.
- r is an integer from 1 to 4 and
- the RSs are independently hydrogen, optionally substituted alkyl or optionally substituted cycloalkyl, and any RS is attached to any other RS by a linking group or a single bond.
- the group represented by the formula (A20) has two * bonds to two adjacent atoms on the aryl ring, heteroaryl ring, or cycloalkane ring, respectively.
- the number thereof is preferably one or two.
- the group represented by the formula (A20) may be a substituent in any of the rings A, B, C, RXD and RXE .
- the group represented by the formula (A20) is two *, which are bonded to two adjacent atoms on the ring of an aryl ring or a heteroaryl ring, respectively.
- the group represented by the formula (A20) is two *, and it is preferable to bond to two adjacent atoms on the aryl ring or the heteroaryl ring, respectively. At this time, it is preferable that the two adjacent atoms on the ring are both carbon atoms.
- a fused ring structure is formed by attaching a group represented by the formula (A20) to an aryl ring or a heteroaryl ring.
- the compound represented by the formula (1) having this condensed ring structure has a more rigid structure. When it becomes rigid, it is expected that the vibration of the molecule is suppressed, the EQE is improved, the stability of the molecule is increased, and the device life is extended.
- LS is>N-R,>O,> Si (-R) 2 or> S. It is possible to control the HOMO and LUMO of the compound of the present invention by selecting the type of LS in the group represented by the formula (A20).
- LS is NR,> O or> S
- HOMO and LUMO become shallow, and when Si, HOMO and LUMO become deep.
- HOMO and LUMO become shallow, it is expected that the TTF element using them will have a long life, high efficiency, and a low drive voltage.
- the HOMO and LUMO become deeper, it is expected that the hole trapping property of the dopant disappears and the drive voltage becomes significantly lower.
- R in> NR which is LS in formula (A20) may be an aryl substituted, a heteroaryl optionally substituted, an alkyl optionally substituted or a cyclo optionally substituted. It is alkyl.
- the R of> Si (-R) 2 which is LS in formula (A20), is hydrogen, optionally substituted aryl, optionally substituted alkyl or optionally substituted cycloalkyl. Further, the two Rs may be bonded to each other to form a ring.
- At least one of R of the above> N-R and the above> Si (-R) 2 is from the group consisting of A ring, B ring, C ring, RXD , RXE and RS by a linking group or a single bond. It may be combined with at least one selected.
- L is preferably>N-R,> O or> S, more preferably> N-R or> O, and even more preferably> N-R.
- R is preferably aryl, optionally substituted with alkyl or cycloalkyl, or heteroaryl, alkyl or cycloalkyl, optionally substituted with alkyl or cycloalkyl. It is more preferably an aryl optionally substituted with alkyl or cycloalkyl, or a heteroaryl optionally substituted with alkyl or cycloalkyl, and an aryl optionally substituted with alkyl or cycloalkyl. More preferably, it is phenyl which may be substituted with alkyl or cycloalkyl.
- r is an integer of 1 to 4, preferably 2 or 3, and more preferably 2.
- the RSs are independently hydrogen, optionally substituted alkyl or optionally substituted cycloalkyl, and any RS may be a linking group or a linking group with any other RS . They may be connected to each other by a single bond.
- any two RSs are bonded to each other by a linking group or a single bond.
- the linking group include> O and> S.
- the divalent group formed by bonding with each other include alkylene. At least one hydrogen in the alkylene may be substituted with alkyl or cycloalkyl, and at least one (preferably one) -CH 2- in the alkylene is substituted with -O- and -S-. May be good.
- a linear alkylene having 2 to 5 carbon atoms is preferable, a linear alkylene having 3 or 4 carbon atoms is more preferable, and a linear alkylene having 4 carbon atoms (-( CH 2 ) 4- ) is more preferable. It is particularly preferable that the linear alkylene (-(CH 2 ) 4- ) having 4 carbon atoms is unsubstituted.
- RSs bonded to adjacent carbon atoms are bonded to each other by a linking group or a single bond
- the remaining RSs not involved in this bond are independently hydrogenated or substituted, respectively.
- It is preferably an alkyl which may be used, or is preferably bonded to the R of> N-R or> Si (-R) 2 which is LS .
- the alkyl When two RSs , each attached to an adjacent carbon atom, are attached to each other by a linking group or a single bond, the alkyl may be substituted as the remaining RSs not involved in this bond.
- the alkyl having 1 to 6 carbon atoms which may be substituted is more preferable, the alkyl having 1 to 6 carbon atoms which is not substituted is more preferable, and all of them are most preferably methyl. That is, as a preferable example of the group represented by the formula (A20), the group represented by the formula (A20-a) can be mentioned.
- Me is methyl
- At least one of the R of> N-R and> Si (-R) 2 which is LS is from the group consisting of A ring, B ring, C ring, RXD , RXE and RS by a linking group or a single bond. It may be combined with at least one selected.
- LS is> NR
- a group represented by any of the following formulas can be mentioned, and a group represented by the formula (A20-b-1) is preferable.
- Me is methyl.
- the plurality of Ys in the partial structure represented by at least two formulas (1B) in the polycyclic aromatic compound of the present invention may be the same as or different from each other. The above description of Y also applies to Y in equations (2A) and (2B).
- X in the formula (1A) and the formula (1B) are independently> C (-R) 2, >N-R,>O,> Si (-R) 2 ,> S or> Se, respectively.
- the R of> N—R is hydrogen, an aryl optionally substituted, a heteroaryl optionally substituted, an alkyl optionally substituted or a cycloalkyl optionally substituted, said> C.
- the Rs of (-R) 2 and> Si (-R) 2 are independently hydrogen, optionally substituted aryl, substituted alkyl or optionally substituted cycloalkyl, respectively.
- the R of> Si (-R) 2 in X of formula (1A) and formula (1B) may be substituted aryl, substituted heteroaryl, substituted alkyl or substituted. It is a cycloalkyl which may be present, and examples of the substituent include the above-mentioned second substituent. Examples of the aryl, heteroaryl, alkyl or cycloalkyl include the above-mentioned groups.
- aryls with 6 to 10 carbon atoms eg, phenyl, naphthyl, etc.
- heteroaryls with 2 to 15 carbon atoms eg, carbazolyl, etc.
- alkyls with 1 to 5 carbon atoms eg, methyl, ethyl, etc.
- Cycloalkyl preferably cyclohexyl or adamantyl is preferred. This description also applies to R of> Si (-R) 2 in X in formula (2A) and formula (2B).
- the R of> C (-R) 2 in X of formula (1A) and formula (1B) is hydrogen, optionally substituted aryl, optionally substituted heteroaryl, optionally substituted alkyl or It is a cycloalkyl which may be substituted, and examples of the substituent include the above-mentioned second substituent.
- Examples of the aryl, heteroaryl, alkyl or cycloalkyl include the above-mentioned groups.
- aryls with 6 to 10 carbon atoms eg, phenyl, naphthyl, etc.
- heteroaryls with 2 to 15 carbon atoms eg, carbazolyl, etc.
- alkyls with 1 to 5 carbon atoms eg, methyl, ethyl, etc.
- Cycloalkyl preferably cyclohexyl or adamantyl is preferred. This description also applies to R of> C (-R) 2 in X in formula (2A) and formula (2B).
- the two Rs in each of> C (-R) 2 and> Si (-R) 2 which are X may be bonded to each other to form a ring.
- the two Rs may be bonded by a single bond or a linking group (collectively referred to as a linking group).
- Single bond, -CR CR- as a linking group, -N (-R)-, -O-, and -S- are more preferable, and single bond is most preferable.
- the position where the two Rs are bonded by the binding group is not particularly limited as long as it can be bonded, but it is preferable that the two Rs are bonded at the most adjacent positions.
- the two Rs are phenyl, "C” in phenyl. It is preferable to bond the ortho (2nd position) positions with reference to the bonding position (1st position) of or "Si" (see the above structural formula).
- At least one of the Xs in the formulas (1A) and (1B) is> N-R described above, and the other Xs are independently> O,> N-R or> S, respectively.
- Highly efficient or long-lived devices can be formed by the compounds of the present invention containing> S as X.
- the R of> N—R in X is preferably an aryl that may be substituted, a heteroaryl that may be substituted, or a cycloalkyl that may be substituted, and is an aryl that may be substituted. Is more preferable.
- aryl phenyl, biphenylyl (particularly 2-biphenylyl), and terphenylyl (particularly terphenyl-2'-yl) are preferable, and phenyl and biphenylyl are more preferable.
- aryl is substituted, methyl or tertiary-alkyl represented by the above formula (tR) is preferable as the substituent.
- the number of substituents in the aryl is preferably 0 to 3, more preferably 1 to 2.
- R of> N-R in X unsubstituted phenyl, phenyl having methyl bonded to the ortho-position or para-position, and phenyl having methyl bonded to one or two ortho positions are particularly preferable.
- R in at least one of>N-R,> Si (-R) 2 and> C (-R) 2 in X is A ring, B ring, C ring, RXD , or R XE by a linking group or a single bond. It may be bonded to at least one ring in.
- the linking group is preferably —O—, —S—, or —C (—R) 2- .
- R of the said "-C (-R) 2- " is hydrogen, alkyl or cycloalkyl. Examples of this alkyl or cycloalkyl include the above-mentioned groups.
- an alkyl having 1 to 5 carbon atoms for example, methyl, ethyl, etc.
- a cycloalkyl having 5 to 10 carbon atoms preferably cyclohexyl or adamantyl
- This description describes the linking group "-C ("when X in formula (2A) and formula (2B) is attached to at least one ring of at least one ring in the A ring, B ring, C ring, D ring or E ring. -R) 2- "also applies in the same way.
- R in at least one of>N-R,> Si (-R) 2 and> C (-R) 2 in X is A ring, B ring, C ring, RXD , or R XE by a linking group or a single bond.
- Examples of the formed fused ring (B'in the formula (1-3-1) or the fused ring A'in the formula (1-3-2)) include a carbazole ring and the like, and X is> N-.
- Specific examples of the fused ring in the case of R include the following rings. In the following equation, Y at the position of * and one ring at the position of # (A ring or B ring of the above equation) are bonded, and if there is another bond, they are bonded at the ** position. is doing.
- the groups represented by the following formulas may further have a substituent.
- the above structure can also be described as a structure when RXD or RXE is single-bonded to a ring.
- At least one of X connecting the ring structure and the ring structure is> N-R, and this R may be substituted alkyl or substituted. It is also a good cycloalkyl and preferably has a structure linked to an aryl ring or a heteroaryl ring in at least one of the A ring, B ring, C ring, RXD , or RXE by a linking group or a single bond. ..
- the following partial structure (A10) may be formed by the above-mentioned connection.
- RA1 to RA4 are each independently hydrogen, optionally substituted alkyl or optionally substituted cycloalkyl, and any 2 to 4 of RA1 to RA4 . May be attached to each other by a linking group or a single bond, to one ring of the two rings to which X is attached at the two * positions, and to the other ring at the ** position. That is, N in the formula (A10) is N of> NR when X is> NR.
- the atoms on the ring bonded at the two * positions may be atoms adjacent to each other (preferably carbon atoms).
- the partial structure represented by the formula (A10) contains a weak NC bond with bond dissociation energy (BDE), but the presence of another bond forming a ring also reverses the reaction (reverse reaction) when the NC bond is cleaved. Since the recombination reaction) is promoted, the structure becomes more stable. Therefore, it is expected that the organic EL device manufactured by using the polycyclic aromatic compound of the present invention having such a structure has a long device life.
- the polycyclic aromatic compound of the present invention contains a structure represented by the formula (A10), the number thereof is 1 to "the number of X", preferably 1 or 2.
- RA1 to RA4 are hydrogen, optionally substituted alkyl or optionally substituted cycloalkyl, and any 2 to 4 of RA1 to RA4 are connected to each other by a linking group. It may be connected.
- RA1 to RA4 are any two ( RA1 and RA4 , RA1 and RA4 and RA1 and RA4 , RA1 and RA2 , RA3 and RA4 , RA1 and RA4 and RA1 .
- RA4 are preferably bonded to each other by a linking group or a single bond, and more preferably RA1 and RA4 are bonded to each other by a linking group or a single bond.
- Examples of the divalent group formed by bonding with each other include alkylene. At least one hydrogen in the alkylene may be substituted with alkyl or cycloalkyl, and at least one (preferably one) -CH 2- in the alkylene is substituted with -O- and -S-. May be good.
- a linear alkylene having 2 to 5 carbon atoms is preferable, a linear alkylene having 3 or 4 carbon atoms is more preferable, and a linear alkylene having 4 carbon atoms (-( CH 2 ) 4- ) is more preferable. It is particularly preferable that the linear alkylene (-(CH 2 ) 4- ) having 4 carbon atoms is unsubstituted.
- the remaining RA1 to RA4 that are not involved in the linkage by the linking group are preferably hydrogen or an optionally substituted alkyl, respectively, and may be substituted with 1 to 6 carbon atoms. It is more preferably alkyl, more preferably unsubstituted alkyl having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, and most preferably methyl. That is, as the partial structure represented by the formula (A10), the structure represented by the following formula (A11) is preferable.
- Me is methyl and is attached to one ring of the two rings to which X is attached at the two * positions and to the other ring at the ** position.
- RXD may be bonded to the B ring with a broken line of -X-, -X' -or a single bond.
- R XE may be bonded to the C ring with a broken line of -X-, -X'-or a single bond.
- the E ring may be further bonded to the C ring with a broken line of -X-, -X'-or a single bond.
- X is synonymous with X in the formula (1A) and the formula (1B).
- X' is one selected from the group consisting of arylene, heteroarylene, or arylene or heteroarylene and> C (-R) 2, >N-R,>O,> Si (-R) 2 and> S. It is a divalent linking group consisting of the above combination. > C (-R) 2, >N-R,>O,> Si (-R) 2 in X'is> C (-R) 2, >N-R,>O,> in X', respectively. It is synonymous with R in Si ( ⁇ R) 2 , and the preferred range is also the same.
- X' is preferably an arylene or a divalent linking group consisting of an arylene and a combination of> O. As the arylene, 1,2-phenylene is preferable.
- RXD or RXE when RXD or RXE is attached to another ring by a single bond, the following It is also preferable that it has either structure.
- RXD or RXE when RXD or RXE is a divalent group, it is bonded to Y at the position of * and to the other ring at the position of #.
- RXD or RXE when RXD or RXE is a trivalent group, it is further bonded to X or the like at the position of **.
- each ring may have a substituent.
- At least one selected from the group consisting of an aryl ring and a heteroaryl ring in a compound consisting of a partial structure represented by the formula (1A) and a partial structure represented by at least two formulas (1B) is at least one cyclo. It may be condensed with an alkane, at least one hydrogen in the cycloalkane may be substituted, and at least one -CH 2- in the cycloalkane may be substituted with -O-. This description also applies to compounds where formulas (1A) and (1B) are formulas (2A) and (2B), respectively.
- cycloalkane includes cycloalkane having 3 to 24 carbon atoms, cycloalkane having 3 to 20 carbon atoms, cycloalkane having 3 to 16 carbon atoms, cycloalkane having 3 to 14 carbon atoms, and cycloalkane having 5 to 10 carbon atoms. Examples thereof include an alkane, a cycloalkane having 5 to 8 carbon atoms, a cycloalkane having 5 to 6 carbon atoms, and a cycloalkane having 5 carbon atoms.
- cycloalkanes include cyclopropane, cyclobutane, cyclopentane, cyclohexane, cycloheptane, cyclooctane, cyclononane, cyclodecane, norbornane (bicyclo [2.2.1] heptane), bicyclo [1.1.0] butane.
- a structure in which at least one hydrogen is substituted in the carbon at the ⁇ -position of cycloalkane is preferable, and the structure at the ⁇ -position is preferable.
- a structure in which two hydrogens are substituted in the carbon of 2 is more preferable, and a structure in which a total of 4 hydrogens are substituted in the carbon at the 2 ⁇ -position is further preferable.
- this substituent include an alkyl (particularly methyl) substituted product having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, a halogen (particularly fluorine) substituted product, and a deuterium substituted product.
- the aryl ring or the heteroaryl ring has a structure in which a partial structure represented by the following formula (B10) is bonded to adjacent carbon atoms.
- Me indicates methyl and * indicates the binding position.
- All or part of the hydrogen in the chemical structure of the polycyclic aromatic compound consisting of the partial structure represented by the formula (1A) and the partial structure represented by at least two formulas (1B) is deuterium, cyano, and the like. Alternatively, it may be substituted with halogen.
- a polycyclic aromatic compound consisting of a partial structure represented by the formula (1A) and a partial structure represented by at least two formulas (1B) the A ring, the B ring, the C ring, the RXD , or the R ring.
- Cycloalkyl, aryl) can be replaced with dehydrogens, cyanos or halogens, of which all or part of the hydrogens in aryls and heteroaryls are substituted with dehydrogens, cyanos or halogens.
- the halogen is fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine, preferably fluorine, chlorine or bromine, more preferably fluorine or chlorine, even more preferably fluorine.
- Examples of the polycyclic aromatic compound having a partial structure represented by the formula (1A) and a partial structure represented by at least two formulas (1B) include an example represented by any of the following formulas.
- the 0 to 2 hydrogens in each benzene ring in each of the following formulas may be substituted with the above-mentioned substituent (first substituent).
- a more specific example of the polycyclic aromatic compound of the present invention is a compound represented by the following structural formula.
- “Me” indicates methyl
- “tBu” indicates t-butyl
- “D” indicates deuterium.
- a reactive compound a polymer compound, a polymer crosslinker, a pendant type polymer compound, a partial structure represented by the pendant type polymer crosslinker formula (1A) and a partial structure represented by at least two formulas (1B).
- Polycyclic aromatic compound and formula (D-II-3-1) formula (D-II-3-11), formula (D-II-3-12) or formula (D-II-3-13).
- the represented polycyclic aromatic compound is a polymer compound obtained by polymerizing a reactive compound substituted with a reactive substituent as a monomer (the monomer for obtaining this polymer compound has a polymerizable substituent.
- a polymer crosslinked product obtained by further cross-linking the polymer compound (the polymer compound for obtaining this polymer crosslinked product has a crosslinkable substituent), or the reaction with the main chain type polymer.
- a pendant type polymer compound reacted with a sex compound (the reactive compound for obtaining this pendant type polymer compound has a reactive substituent) or a pendant type obtained by further cross-linking the pendant type polymer compound.
- a material for an organic device for example, a material for an organic electric field light emitting element, an organic electric field effect. It can be used as a material for transistors or a material for organic thin film solar cells.
- reactive substituent including the polymerizable substituent, the cross-linking substituent, and the reactive substituent for obtaining a pendant type polymer, hereinafter, also simply referred to as “reactive substituent”).
- alkenyl, alkynyl, unsaturated compounds of cycloalkyl eg cyclobutenyl
- groups in which at least one -CH 2- in cycloalkyl is substituted with -O- eg epoxy
- non-condensed cycloalkane examples thereof include saturated substances (for example, condensed cyclobutene), and substituents having the following structures are preferable. * In each structural formula indicates the bonding position.
- substituents it is represented by the formula (XLS-1), the formula (XLS-2), the formula (XLS-3), the formula (XLS-9), the formula (XLS-10) or the formula (XLS-17).
- the group is preferable, and the group represented by the formula (XLS-1), the formula (XLS-3) or the formula (XLS-17) is more preferable.
- polymer compound and polymer crosslinked body Details of the use of such a polymer compound, a polymer crosslinked body, a pendant type polymer compound and a pendant type polymer crosslinked body (hereinafter, also simply referred to as “polymer compound and polymer crosslinked body”) will be described later.
- a polycyclic aromatic compound composed of a partial structure represented by the formula (1A) and a partial structure represented by at least two formulas (1B) is basically a ring A (1A).
- a ring), B ring (b ring), C ring (c ring), RXD (D ring, d ring), RXE (E ring, e ring) are bonded with a binding group (group containing X).
- First reaction followed by A ring (a ring), B ring (b ring), C ring (c ring), RXD (D ring, d ring), R XE (E ring).
- the final product can be produced by attaching a ring (ring, e-ring) with a binding group (a group containing Y) (second reaction).
- first reaction for example, in the case of an etherification reaction, a general reaction such as a nucleophilic substitution reaction or an Ullmann reaction can be used, and in the case of an amination reaction, a general reaction such as a Buchwald-Hartwig reaction can be used.
- second reaction a tandem hetero-Friedel-Crafts reaction (continuous aromatic electrophilic substitution reaction, the same applies hereinafter) can be used.
- the methods described in prior art such as International Publication No. 2015/102118 can be referred to.
- the polycyclic aromatic compounds according to the present invention can be used as materials for organic devices.
- Examples of the organic device include an organic electroluminescent device, an organic field effect transistor, an organic thin film solar cell, and the like.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an organic EL element according to the present embodiment.
- the organic EL element 100 shown in FIG. 1 includes a substrate 101, an anode 102 provided on the substrate 101, a hole injection layer 103 provided on the anode 102, and holes.
- the hole transport layer 104 provided on the injection layer 103, the light emitting layer 105 provided on the hole transport layer 104, the electron transport layer 106 provided on the light emitting layer 105, and the electron transport layer. It has an electron injection layer 107 provided on the electron injection layer 106 and a cathode 108 provided on the electron injection layer 107.
- the organic EL element 100 is manufactured in the reverse order, for example, the substrate 101, the cathode 108 provided on the substrate 101, the electron injection layer 107 provided on the cathode 108, and the electron injection layer 107.
- the electron transport layer 106 provided on the electron transport layer 106
- the light emitting layer 105 provided on the electron transport layer 106
- the hole transport layer 104 provided on the light emitting layer 105
- the hole transport layer 104 May have a configuration having a hole injection layer 103 provided in the hole injection layer 103 and an anode 102 provided on the hole injection layer 103.
- each of the above layers may be composed of a single layer or a plurality of layers.
- the substrate substrate 101 in the organic electroluminescent element is a support for the organic EL element 100, and usually quartz, glass, metal, plastic, or the like is used.
- the substrate 101 is formed in a plate shape, a film shape, or a sheet shape depending on the purpose, and for example, a glass plate, a metal plate, a metal foil, a plastic film, a plastic sheet, or the like is used.
- a glass plate and a plate made of a transparent synthetic resin such as polyester, polymethacrylate, polycarbonate, and polysulfone are preferable.
- soda lime glass, non-alkali glass, or the like is used, and the thickness may be sufficient to maintain the mechanical strength.
- the substrate 101 may be provided with a gas barrier film such as a dense silicon oxide film on at least one surface, and a synthetic resin plate, film or sheet having a particularly low gas barrier property may be used as the substrate 101. When used, it is preferable to provide a gas barrier film.
- the anode-anode 102 in the organic electroluminescent device serves to inject holes into the light-emitting layer 105. If the hole injection layer 103 and / or the hole transport layer 104 is provided between the anode 102 and the light emitting layer 105, holes are injected into the light emitting layer 105 via these. ..
- Examples of the material forming the anode 102 include inorganic compounds and organic compounds.
- Examples of the inorganic compound include metals (aluminum, gold, silver, nickel, palladium, chromium, etc.), metal oxides (indium oxide, tin oxide, indium-tin oxide (ITO), indium-zinc oxidation, etc.). (IZO, etc.), metal halides (copper iodide, etc.), copper sulfide, carbon black, ITO glass, nesa glass, etc.
- Examples of the organic compound include polythiophene such as poly (3-methylthiophene), and conductive polymers such as polypyrrole and polyaniline. In addition, it can be appropriately selected and used from the substances used as the anode of the organic EL element.
- the resistance of the transparent electrode is not limited as long as a sufficient current can be supplied to emit light from the light emitting element, but it is desirable that the resistance is low from the viewpoint of power consumption of the light emitting element.
- an ITO substrate of 300 ⁇ / ⁇ or less functions as an element electrode, but since it is now possible to supply a substrate of about 10 ⁇ / ⁇ , for example, 100 to 5 ⁇ / ⁇ , preferably 50 to 5 ⁇ . It is especially desirable to use a low resistance product of / ⁇ .
- the thickness of ITO can be arbitrarily selected according to the resistance value, but it is usually used in the range of 50 to 300 nm.
- the hole injection layer and the hole transport layer in the organic electroluminescent device The hole injection layer 103 has a role of efficiently injecting holes moving from the anode 102 into the light emitting layer 105 or the hole transport layer 104. Fulfill.
- the hole transport layer 104 serves to efficiently transport the holes injected from the anode 102 or the holes injected from the anode 102 via the hole injection layer 103 to the light emitting layer 105.
- the hole injection layer 103 and the hole transport layer 104 are formed by laminating and mixing one or more of the hole injection / transport materials or a mixture of the hole injection / transport material and the polymer binder, respectively. Will be done. Further, an inorganic salt such as iron (III) chloride may be added to the hole injection / transport material to form a layer.
- the substance As a hole injection / transport material, it is necessary to efficiently inject / transport holes from the positive electrode between electrodes to which an electric field is applied, and the hole injection efficiency is high, and the injected holes are efficiently transported. Is desirable. For that purpose, it is preferable that the substance has a small ionization potential, a large hole mobility, excellent stability, and is less likely to generate trap impurities during production and use.
- the material forming the hole injection layer 103 and the hole transport layer 104 is a compound, a p-type semiconductor, or a hole injection layer of an organic EL element that has been conventionally used as a hole charge transport material in a photoconductive material.
- any compound can be selected and used from the known compounds used for the hole transport layer. Specific examples thereof include carbazole derivatives (N-phenylcarbazole, polyvinylcarbazole, etc.), biscarbazole derivatives such as bis (N-arylcarbazole) or bis (N-alkylcarbazole), and triarylamine derivatives (aromatic tertiary).
- polycarbonate or styrene derivative having the monomer in the side chain, polyvinylcarbazole, polysilane, etc. are preferable, but a thin film necessary for producing a light emitting element can be formed, holes can be injected from the anode, and holes can be further injected. It is not particularly limited as long as it is a compound capable of transporting.
- the organic semiconductor matrix material is composed of a compound having a good electron donating property or a compound having a good electron accepting property.
- Strong electron acceptors such as tetracyanoquinone dimethane (TCNQ) or 2,3,5,6-tetrafluorotetracyano-1,4-benzoquinone dimethane (F4TCNQ) are known for doping electron donors.
- Known matrix materials having hole transport properties include, for example, benzidine derivatives (such as TPD) or starburst amine derivatives (such as TDATA), or specific metallic phthalocyanines (particularly zinc phthalocyanines (ZnPc)) (such as zinc phthalocyanines).
- benzidine derivatives such as TPD
- starburst amine derivatives such as TDATA
- specific metallic phthalocyanines particularly zinc phthalocyanines (ZnPc)) (such as zinc phthalocyanines).
- ZnPc zinc phthalocyanines
- the above-mentioned materials for the hole injection layer and the material for the hole transport layer are polymer compounds obtained by polymerizing a reactive compound in which a reactive substituent is substituted as a monomer, or a polymer crosslinked product thereof, or a polymer cross-linked compound thereof.
- a pendant type polymer compound obtained by reacting a main chain type polymer with the above-mentioned reactive compound, or a pendant type polymer crosslinked product thereof can also be used as a material for a hole layer.
- the reactive substituent in this case, the description of a polycyclic aromatic compound consisting of a partial structure represented by the formula (1A) and a partial structure represented by at least two formulas (1B) can be cited. Details of the uses of such polymer compounds and crosslinked polymers will be described later.
- the light emitting layer light emitting layer 105 in the organic electroluminescent element emits light by recombining the holes injected from the anode 102 and the electrons injected from the cathode 108 between the electrodes to which an electric field is applied. ..
- the material for forming the light emitting layer 105 may be a compound (light emitting compound) that is excited by recombination of holes and electrons to emit light, and can form a stable thin film shape and is in a solid state. A compound showing a strong emission (fluorescence) efficiency is preferable.
- the light emitting layer may be either a single layer or a plurality of layers, and each is formed of a light emitting layer material (host material, dopant material).
- the host material and the dopant material may be either one type or a plurality of combinations.
- an emitting dopant and an assisting dopant may be used as the dopant material.
- the dopant material may be contained in the whole host material, partially contained in the host material, or may be partially contained.
- As a doping method it can be formed by a co-deposited method with a host material, but it may be mixed with the host material in advance and then vapor-deposited at the same time.
- the light emitting layer can also be formed by a wet film forming method using a composition for forming a light emitting layer prepared by dissolving a material in an organic solvent.
- the polycyclic aromatic compound of the present invention can be preferably used as a material for forming a light emitting layer of an organic electroluminescent element.
- the polycyclic aromatic compound of the present invention is more preferably used as an emitting dopant or an assisting dopant in the light emitting layer, and further preferably used as an emitting dopant.
- the light emitting layer containing the polycyclic aromatic compound of the present invention may contain a host compound.
- the host compound may be one kind or two or more kinds.
- the light emitting layer may be either a single layer or a plurality of layers.
- the host compound, the emitting dopant material, and the assisting dopant material may be contained in the same layer, or at least one component may be contained in each of a plurality of layers.
- the host compound and the dopant material (emitting dopant or assisting dopant) contained in the light emitting layer may be one kind or a plurality of combinations.
- the assisting dopant and the emitting dopant may be contained entirely or partially in the host compound as a matrix.
- the amount of host material used depends on the type of host material, and may be determined according to the characteristics of the host material.
- the guideline for the amount of the host material used is preferably 50 to 99.99% by mass, more preferably 80 to 99.95% by mass, and further preferably 90 to 99.9% by mass of the entire light emitting layer material. Is.
- the amount of the dopant material used depends on the type of dopant material and may be determined according to the characteristics of the dopant material.
- the guideline for the amount of the dopant used is preferably 0.001 to 50% by mass, more preferably 0.05 to 20% by mass, and further preferably 0.1 to 10% by mass of the entire light emitting layer material. be. Within the above range, for example, it is preferable in that the density quenching phenomenon can be prevented.
- the amount of the dopant material used is low because the concentration dimming phenomenon can be prevented, but the amount of the dopant material used is high.
- the emtiting dopant is used compared to the amount of the assisting dopant used in terms of the efficiency of the thermally activated delayed fluorescence mechanism of the assisting dopant. The amount is preferably low.
- the guideline for the amount of the host material, the assisting dopant and the emerging dopant used is 40 to 99% by mass, 59 to 1% by mass and 20 to 20 to the total amount of the light emitting layer material, respectively. It is 0.001% by mass, preferably 60 to 95% by mass, 39 to 5% by mass and 10 to 0.01% by mass, more preferably 70 to 90% by mass, 29 to 10% by mass and 5 respectively. It is ⁇ 0.05% by mass. If an assisting dopant material is used, it may form an exhibit with the host material or the emerging dopant material.
- Host materials include fused ring derivatives such as anthracene and pyrene, which have long been known as illuminants, bisstyryl derivatives such as bisstyryl anthracene derivatives and distyrylbenzene derivatives, tetraphenylbutadiene derivatives, cyclopentadiene derivatives, and fluorene derivatives. , Benzofluorene derivatives and the like.
- the T1 energy of the host material is preferably higher than the T1 energy of the dopant having the highest T1 energy in the light emitting layer or the assisting dopant from the viewpoint of promoting the generation of TADF in the light emitting layer without inhibiting it.
- the T1 energy of the host is preferably 0.01 eV or more, more preferably 0.03 eV or more, and even more preferably 0.1 eV or more.
- a TADF active compound may be used as the host material.
- Examples of the host material include a compound represented by the following formula (H1), a compound represented by the following formula (H2), a compound represented by the following formula (H3), and a structure represented by the following formula (H4).
- Examples thereof include a compound represented by the following formula (H5), a compound represented by the following formula (H6), and a compound represented by the following formula (H6).
- L 1 is an arylene having 6 to 24 carbon atoms, preferably an arylene having 6 to 16 carbon atoms, more preferably an arylene having 6 to 12 carbon atoms, and particularly preferably an arylene having 6 to 10 carbon atoms.
- divalent such as benzene ring, biphenyl ring, naphthalene ring, terphenyl ring, acenaphthylene ring, fluorene ring, phenalene ring, phenanthrene ring, triphenylene ring, pyrene ring, naphthacene ring, perylene ring and pentacene ring.
- At least one hydrogen in the compound represented by the formula (H1) may be substituted with an alkyl having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl having 3 to 14 carbon atoms, cyano, a halogen or deuterium.
- L 2 and L 3 are independently aryls having 6 to 30 carbon atoms or heteroaryls having 2 to 30 carbon atoms.
- aryl an aryl having 6 to 24 carbon atoms is preferable, an aryl having 6 to 16 carbon atoms is more preferable, an aryl having 6 to 12 carbon atoms is further preferable, and an aryl having 6 to 10 carbon atoms is particularly preferable, specifically.
- Examples include monovalent groups such as a benzene ring, a biphenyl ring, a naphthalene ring, a terphenyl ring, an acenaphthylene ring, a fluorene ring, a phenalene ring, a phenanthrene ring, a triphenylene ring, a pyrene ring, a naphthalene ring, a perylene ring and a pentasen ring. ..
- heteroaryl a heteroaryl having 2 to 25 carbon atoms is preferable, a heteroaryl having 2 to 20 carbon atoms is more preferable, a heteroaryl having 2 to 15 carbon atoms is further preferable, and a heteroaryl having 2 to 10 carbon atoms is particularly preferable.
- a pyrrole ring an oxazole ring, an isooxazole ring, a thiazole ring, an isothiazole ring, an imidazole ring, an oxazole ring, a thiazylazole ring, a triazole ring, a tetrazole ring, a pyrazole ring, a pyridine ring, a pyrimidine ring, and the like.
- At least one hydrogen in the compound represented by the formula (H2) may be substituted with an alkyl having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl having 3 to 14 carbon atoms, cyano, a halogen or deuterium.
- MU is an independently divalent aromatic group
- EC is an independently monovalent aromatic group
- k is an integer of 2 to 50,000.
- the MUs are arylene, heteroarylene, dialylene arylamino, dialylene arylboryl, oxaborin-diyl, and azaborin-diyl, respectively, independently of each other.
- ECs are independently hydrogen, aryl, heteroaryl, diarylamino, diheteroarylamino, arylheteroarylamino or aryloxy, respectively. At least one hydrogen in MU and EC may be further substituted with aryl, heteroaryl, diarylamino, alkyl and cycloalkyl.
- k is an integer from 2 to 50,000. k is preferably an integer of 20 to 50,000, and more preferably an integer of 100 to 50,000.
- At least one hydrogen in MU and EC in the formula (H3) may be substituted with an alkyl having 1 to 24 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl having 3 to 24 carbon atoms, a halogen or deuterium, and further in the alkyl.
- Any -CH 2- may be substituted with -O- or -Si (CH 3 ) 2- , and any other than -CH 2- directly linked to EC in the formula (H3) in the above alkyl.
- -CH 2- may be substituted with an arylene having 6 to 24 carbon atoms, and any hydrogen in the alkyl may be substituted with fluorine.
- the MU is, for example, a divalent derivative having the following structure (for example, a divalent group represented by removing any two hydrogen atoms from any compound having the following structure, or a compound having the following structure.
- the MU binds to another MU or EC at *.
- EC for example, a group represented by the following formula can be mentioned. In these, EC binds to MU at *.
- the compound represented by the formula (H3) preferably has an alkyl having 1 to 24 carbon atoms in which 10 to 100% of the total number of MUs (k) in the molecule has an alkyl having 1 to 24 carbon atoms. It is more preferable that 30 to 100% of the total number of MUs (k) in the molecule has an alkyl having 1 to 18 carbon atoms (branched chain alkyl having 3 to 18 carbon atoms), and the total number of MUs in the molecule (k). It is more preferable that 50 to 100% of the MU has an alkyl having 1 to 12 carbon atoms (branched chain alkyl having 3 to 12 carbon atoms).
- MU of 10 to 100% of the total number of MUs (k) in the molecule has an alkyl having 7 to 24 carbon atoms, and the total number of MUs in the molecule (k). ), It is more preferable that 30 to 100% of the MU has an alkyl having 7 to 24 carbon atoms (branched chain alkyl having 7 to 24 carbon atoms).
- a compound containing a structure represented by the formula (H4) has a plurality of structures represented by the formula (H4), preferably 1 to 5, more preferably 1. It contains ⁇ 3, more preferably 1-2, most preferably one, and when a plurality of the structures are contained, the structures are directly bonded to each other by a single bond or bonded by a specific linking group.
- the compound containing the structure represented by the formula (H4) for example, the compounds described in International Publication No. 2012/153780 and International Publication No. 2013/038650 can be used, and the methods described in the above-mentioned documents can be used. Can be manufactured according to.
- substituent "aryl” examples include phenyl, tolyl, xylyl, naphthyl, phenanthryl, pyrenyl, chrysenyl, benzo [c] phenanthril, benzo [g] chrysenyl, benzoanthril, triphenylenyl, fluorenyl, 9,9.
- aryl includes both condensed aryl and non-condensed aryl.
- heteroaryl examples include pyrrolyl, pyrazolyl, pyrazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrariainyl, pyridyl, triazinyl, indrill, isoindrill, imidazolyl, benzoimidazolyl, indazolyl, imidazole [1,2-a] pyridinyl, frill, Benzofuranyl, isobenzofuranyl, dibenzofuranyl, azadibenzofuranyl, thienyl, benzothienyl, dibenzothienyl, azadibenzothienyl, quinolyl, isoquinolyl, quinoxalinyl, quinazolinyl, naphthilidinyl, carbazolyl, azacarbazolyl, phenanthridinyl, acridinyl, feline Examples thereof include nantrolinyl, phenazin
- Examples thereof include pyrimidinyl, triazinyl, azadibenzofuranyl and azadibenzothienyl. Further preferred are dibenzofuranyl, dibenzothienyl, azadibenzofuranyl or azadibenzothienyl.
- substituted silyl is also preferably a group selected from the group consisting of substituted or unsubstituted trialkylsilyls, substituted or unsubstituted arylalkylsilyls, and substituted or unsubstituted triarylsilyls. ..
- substituted or unsubstituted trialkylsilyl include trimethylsilyl and triethylsilyl.
- substituted or unsubstituted arylalkylsilyl include diphenylmethylsilyl, ditrilmethylsilyl, phenyldimethylsilyl and the like.
- substituted or unsubstituted triarylsilyl include triphenylsilyl and tritrylsilyl.
- the "substituted phosphine oxide group" which is a substituent is a substituted or unsubstituted diarylphosphine oxide group.
- the substituted or unsubstituted diarylphosphine oxide group include diphenylphosphine oxide and ditrilphosphine oxide.
- substituted carboxy which is a substituent
- substituents include benzoyloxy and the like.
- Examples of the linking group that binds a plurality of structures represented by the formula (H4) include the above-mentioned 2- to 4-valent, 2- to 3-valent, or divalent derivatives of aryl and heteroaryl.
- R 1 to R 11 are independently hydrogen, aryl, heteroaryl, diarylamino, diheteroarylamino, arylheteroarylamino or aryloxy, wherein at least one hydrogen thereof is Further, it may be substituted with aryl, heteroaryl or diarylamino, and may be substituted. Adjacent groups of R 1 to R 11 may be bonded to each other to form an aryl ring or a heteroaryl ring together with an a ring, a b ring or a c ring, and at least one hydrogen in the formed ring is a hydrogen.
- aryl, heteroaryl, diarylamino, diheteroarylamino, arylheteroarylamino or aryloxy in which at least one hydrogen may be further substituted with aryl, heteroaryl or diarylamino. ..
- at least one hydrogen in the compound represented by the formula (H5) may be substituted with an alkyl having 1 to 24 carbon atoms, and any -CH 2- in the alkyl may be -O- or-.
- Si (CH 3 ) 2 - may be substituted, and any —CH 2 ⁇ except —CH 2 ⁇ , which is directly linked to the compound represented by the formula (H5) in the alkyl, has 6 to 24 carbon atoms. It may be substituted with the arylene of the above, and any hydrogen in the alkyl may be substituted with fluorine. Further, at least one hydrogen in the compound represented by the formula (H5) may be substituted with a halogen or deuterium.
- adjacent groups among the substituents R1 to R11 of the a ring, the b ring and the c ring are bonded to each other to form an aryl ring or a heteroaryl ring together with the a ring, the b ring or the c ring.
- At least one hydrogen in the formed ring may be substituted with aryl, heteroaryl, diarylamino, diheteroarylamino, arylheteroarylamino or aryloxy, and at least one hydrogen in these. May be further substituted with aryl, heteroaryl or diarylamino.
- the compound in which "adjacent groups are bonded to each other to form an aryl ring or a heteroaryl ring together with an a ring, a b ring or a c ring” is, for example, a formula (H5) listed as a specific compound described later. -2) -Corresponds to the compound represented by the formula (H5-17).
- it is a compound formed by condensing a benzene ring, an indole ring, a pyrrole ring, a benzofuran ring or a benzothiophene ring with an a ring (or b ring or c ring), and the formed fused ring is They are a naphthalene ring, a carbazole ring, an indole ring, a dibenzofuran ring or a dibenzothiophene ring, respectively.
- R 1 to R 16 are each independently hydrogen, aryl, heteroaryl, diarylamino, diheteroarylamino, arylheteroarylamino or aryloxy, wherein at least one hydrogen in these is Further, it may be substituted with aryl, heteroaryl or diarylamino, and may be substituted. Adjacent groups of R 1 to R 16 may be bonded to each other to form an aryl ring or a heteroaryl ring together with an a ring, a b ring, a c ring or a d ring, and at least one in the formed ring.
- Hydrogens may be substituted with aryls, heteroaryls, diarylaminos, diheteroarylaminos, arylheteroarylaminos or aryloxys, wherein at least one hydrogen in these is further substituted with aryls, heteroaryls or diarylaminos. May be.
- at least one hydrogen in the compound represented by the formula (H-6) may be substituted with an alkyl having 1 to 24 carbon atoms, and any ⁇ CH2- in the alkyl may be —O—.
- it may be substituted with -Si (CH 3 ) 2- , and any -CH 2 -excluding -CH 2- directly linked to the compound represented by the formula (H6) in the alkyl has 6 carbon atoms. It may be substituted with up to 24 arylenes, and any hydrogen in the alkyl may be substituted with fluorine.
- at least one hydrogen in the compound represented by the formula (H6) may be substituted with a halogen or deuterium.
- adjacent groups among the substituents R1 to R16 of the a ring, b ring, c ring and d ring are bonded to each other to form an aryl ring together with the a ring, b ring, c ring or c ring.
- a heteroaryl ring may be formed, and at least one hydrogen in the formed ring may be substituted with aryl, heteroaryl, diarylamino, diheteroarylamino, arylheteroarylamino or aryloxy. At least one hydrogen in these may be further substituted with aryl, heteroaryl or diarylamino.
- the "adjacent group” represents an adjacent group on the same ring, and “adjacent groups are bonded to each other to form an aryl ring or a heteroaryl ring together with an a ring, a b ring, a c ring or a d ring.
- the compound described above can be described with reference to, for example, the compounds represented by the formulas (H6-2) to (H6-5) listed as specific compounds of the formula (H6) described later.
- a compound formed by condensing for example, a ring (or b ring, c ring, or d ring) with a benzene ring, an indole ring, a pyrrole ring, a benzofuran ring, or a benzothiophene ring.
- the fused ring is a naphthalene ring, a carbazole ring, an indole ring, a dibenzofuran ring or a dibenzothiophene ring, respectively.
- R 1 to R 11 in equation (H5) and “R 1 to R 16 in equation (H6)
- Aryls having 2 to 30 heteroaryls), aryl heteroarylaminos (aminos having aryls having 6 to 30 carbon atoms and heteroaryls having 2 to 30 carbon atoms) or aryloxys having 6 to 30 carbon atoms are preferable.
- aryl of "aryl”, “diarylamino”, the aryl of “arylheteroarylamino”, and the aryl of “aryloxy” include a benzene ring which is a monocyclic system, a biphenyl ring which is a bicyclic system, and condensation. Naphthalene ring which is a bicyclic system, terphenyl ring (m-terphenyl, o-terphenyl, p-terphenyl) which is a tricyclic system, acenaphthalene ring, fluorene ring, phenanthrene ring, phenanthrene which is a fused tricyclic system.
- Examples thereof include a ring, a triphenylene ring which is a fused tetracyclic system, a pyrene ring, a naphthalene ring, a perylene ring which is a fused pentacyclic system, and a pentacene ring.
- aryls substituted with the heteroaryls defined below are also defined as aryls in the formulas (H5) and (H6).
- heteroaryl of "heteraryl”, “diheteroarylamino”, and the heteroaryl of "arylheteroarylamino” include a pyrrole ring, an oxazole ring, an isooxazole ring, a thiazole ring, an isothiazole ring, and an imidazole ring.
- aryls, heteroaryls, diarylaminos, diheteroarylaminos, arylheteroarylaminos or aryloxys described as R1 to R11 in the formula (H5) and R1 to R16 in the formula (H6) are these.
- At least one hydrogen in the above may be further substituted with aryl, heteroaryl or diarylamino.
- Examples of the aryl, heteroaryl or diarylamino thus substituted include those described in the columns of R1 to R11 and R1 to R16 .
- R 1 to R 11 and R 1 to R 16 include groups represented by the following formulas (RG-1) to (RG-10).
- the groups represented by the following formulas (RG-1) to (RG-10) are bonded to the formula (H5) and the formula (H6) in *.
- (RG-7) is an aryl
- the formula (RG-2), the formula (RG-3) and the formula (RG-6) are heteroaryls
- the formula (RG-9) is a heteroaryl substituted with a heteroaryl.
- the formula (RG-10) is a heteroaryl substituted aryl.
- the formula (RG-5) is an aryl (phenyl) substituted with diarylamino (diphenylamino)
- the formula (RG-8) is diarylamino (diphenylamino).
- the ring is mentioned, and an aryl ring having 6 to 16 carbon atoms is preferable, an aryl ring having 6 to 12 carbon atoms is more preferable, and an aryl ring having 6 to 10 carbon atoms is particularly preferable.
- the carbon number of the formed aryl ring includes 6 carbon atoms of the a ring, the b ring, the c ring or the d ring.
- the formed aryl ring examples include naphthalene ring, which is a fused dicyclic system, acenaphthylene ring, fluorene ring, phenalene ring, phenanthrene ring, and triphenylene ring, which is a fused tetracyclic system.
- naphthalene ring which is a fused dicyclic system
- fluorene ring fluorene ring
- phenalene ring phenanthrene ring
- triphenylene ring which is a fused tetracyclic system.
- Examples thereof include a pyrene ring, a naphthalene ring, a perylene ring which is a fused pentacene ring, and a pentacene ring.
- heteroaryl ring formed by combining adjacent groups of R 1 to R 11 together with the a ring, b ring or c ring in the formula (H5), and "R 1 to R 1 to R 11" in the formula (H6).
- Examples of the "aryl ring formed by bonding adjacent groups of R 16 together with an a ring, a b ring, a c ring, or a d ring” include a heteroaryl ring having 6 to 30 carbon atoms, which includes carbon.
- a heteroaryl ring having 6 to 25 carbon atoms is preferable, a heteroaryl ring having 6 to 20 carbon atoms is more preferable, a heteroaryl ring having 6 to 15 carbon atoms is further preferable, and a heteroaryl ring having 6 to 10 carbon atoms is particularly preferable.
- examples of the "heteroaryl ring” include a heterocycle containing 1 to 5 heteroatoms selected from oxygen, sulfur and nitrogen in addition to carbon as ring-constituting atoms.
- the carbon number of the formed heteroaryl ring includes the carbon number 6 of the a ring, the b ring, the c ring or the d ring.
- the formed heteroaryl ring include, for example, an indole ring, an isoindole ring, a 1H-indazole ring, a benzimidazole ring, a benzoxazole ring, a benzothiazole ring, a 1H-benzotriazole ring, a quinoline ring, and an isoquinoline ring.
- At least one hydrogen in the formed ring may be substituted with aryl, heteroaryl, diarylamino, diheteroarylamino, arylheteroarylamino or aryloxy, and at least one hydrogen in these is further aryl, hetero. It may be substituted with aryl or diarylamino.
- R1 to R11 of the equation (H5) and R1 to R16 of the equation (H6) can be quoted.
- a general reaction such as a nucleophilic substitution reaction or an Ullmann reaction
- a general reaction such as a Buchwald-Hartwig reaction
- a tandem hetero-Friedel-Crafts reaction continuous aromatic electrophilic substitution reaction, the same applies hereinafter
- Example of the second reaction of the compound represented by the formula (H5)> The second reaction is a reaction for introducing B (boron) that binds the a ring, the b ring, and the c ring as shown in the following scheme (1), and is, for example, in the case of a compound represented by the formula (H5). Is shown below. First, the hydrogen atom between the two O's is orthometalated with n-butyllithium, sec-butyllithium, t-butyllithium or the like. Next, boron trichloride, boron tribromide, etc.
- lithium was introduced to the desired position by orthometalation, but as in scheme (2) below, a bromine atom or the like was introduced at the position where lithium was to be introduced, and the halogen-metal exchange was also performed to bring it to the desired position. Lithium can be introduced.
- the first reaction and the second reaction in the method for producing the compound represented by the above-mentioned formula (H5) can be applied. That is, the second reaction is a reaction for introducing B (boron) that bonds NH to the c ring and d ring, and the hydrogen atom of NH is orthometal with n-butyllithium, sec-butyllithium, t-butyllithium, or the like. After conversion, boron tribromide, boron tribromide, etc.
- Bronsted bases such as N, N-diisopropylethylamine are added to cause a tandem borafreedelcraft reaction. You can get the object.
- Lewis acid such as aluminum trichloride may be added to accelerate the reaction.
- the TADF material light emitting layer also preferably contains a TADF material.
- the TADF material means a material that is a "thermally activated delayed fluorescent substance.”
- a thermalally activated delayed fluorescent substance by reducing the energy difference between the excited singlet state and the excited triplet state, the reverse energy transfer from the excited triplet state, which normally has a low transition probability, to the excited singlet state is high.
- emission from singlet thermalally activated delayed fluorescence, TADF
- TADF thermally activated delayed fluorescence
- 75% of triplet excitons generated by current excitation cannot be extracted as fluorescence because they pass through a heat deactivation path.
- TADF all excitons can be used for fluorescent emission, and a highly efficient organic EL device can be realized.
- TADF materials localize intramolecular HOMO and LUMO using electron-donating substituents called donors and electron-accepting substituents called acceptors for efficient reverse intersystem crossing.
- the term "electron-donating substituent” as used herein means a substituent and a partial structure in which the HOMO orbital is localized in the TADF compound molecule, and is referred to as an "electron-accepting substituent".
- (Acceptor) means a substituent and a partial structure in which the LUMO orbital is localized in the TADF compound molecule.
- TADF compounds using donors and acceptors have a large spin-orbit coupling (SOC) due to their structure, a small exchange interaction between HOMO and LUMO, and a small ⁇ EST . Very fast intersystem crossing speed is obtained.
- SOC spin-orbit coupling
- TADF compounds using donors and acceptors have greater structural relaxation in the excited state (for some molecules, the stable structure differs between the ground state and the excited state, so conversion from the ground state to the excited state by an external stimulus is performed. When this occurs, the structure changes to a stable structure in the excited state), and since it gives a wide emission spectrum, it may reduce the color purity when used as a light emitting material.
- the polycyclic aromatic compound of the present invention functions as an emerging dopant and the TADF material functions as an assisting dopant, and high color purity can be imparted.
- the TADF material may be a compound whose emission spectrum partially overlaps with the absorption spectrum of the polycyclic aromatic compound of the present invention. Both the polycyclic aromatic compound of the present invention and the TADF material may be contained in the same layer, or may be contained in adjacent layers.
- Examples of the TADF material that can be used for such a purpose include a compound represented by the following formula (H7) or a compound having the following formula (H7) as a partial structure.
- ED is an electron donating group
- Ln is a linking group
- EA is an electron accepting group
- the lowest excited singlet energy level (E) of the compound represented by the formula (H7) is 0.2 eV or less (Hiroki Uoyama, Kenichi Goushi, Katsuyuki Shizu, Hiroko Nomura, Chihaya Adachi, Nature, 492, 234- 238 (2012)).
- the energy difference ( ⁇ EST ) is preferably 0.15 eV or less, more preferably 0.10 eV or less, and further preferably 0.08 eV or less.
- the electron donating group (donor structure) and the electron acceptor group (acceptor structure) used in the TADF material for example, the structure described in Chemistry of Materials, 2017, 29, 1946-1963 may be used.
- the ED include functional groups containing sp 3 nitrogen, and more specifically, carbazole, dimethylcarbazole, di-tert-butylcarbazole, dimethoxycarbazole, tetramethylcarbazole, benzofluorocarbazole, and benzothienocarbazole.
- Phenyldihydroindrocarbazole Phenyldihydroindrocarbazole, phenylbicarbazole, bicarbazole, turcarbazole, diphenylcarbazolylamine, tetraphenylcarbazolyldiamine, phenoxazine, dihydrophenazine, phenothiazine, dimethyldihydroacridine, diphenylamine, bis (tert-butylphenyl) Amine, N1- (4- (diphenylamino) phenyl) -N4, N4-diphenylbenzene-1,4-diamine, dimethyltetraphenyldihydroacridindiamine, tetramethyl-dihydro-indenoaclydin and diphenyl-dihydrodibenzoazacillin, etc.
- EA include sp 2 nitrogen-containing aromatic rings, CN-substituted aromatic rings, rings having ketones and cyano, and more specifically, sulfonyldibenzene, benzophenone, phenylenebis (phenylmethanone), and benzo.
- Ln examples include single bond and arylene, and more specifically, phenylene, biphenylene, naphthylene and the like. Further, hydrogen may be substituted with alkyl, cycloalkyl and aryl in any structure. In particular, at least one selected from carbazole, phenoxazine, aclysine, triazine, pyrimidine, pyrazine, thioxanthene, benzonitrile, phthalonitrile, isophthalonitrile, diphenylsulfone, triazole, oxadiazole, thiadiazole and benzophenone as partial structures. It is preferably a compound having one.
- the linking group Ln functions as a spacer structure that separates the donor substructure and the acceptor substructure.
- the compound represented by the formula (H7) may be more specifically a compound represented by any of the formula (H7-1), the formula (H7-2) and the formula (H7-3).
- M are independently single-bonded, -O-,> N-Ar or> C (-Ar) 2 , respectively, and the HOMO depth and lowest excited singlet energy level and lowest excited of the substructure to be formed. From the point of view of the height of the triplet energy level, it is preferably singlet, —O— or> N—Ar.
- J is a linking group corresponding to Ln in the formula (H7), is an arylene having 6 to 18 carbon atoms independently, and has a magnitude of conjugate that exudes from the donor-like partial structure and the acceptor-like partial structure.
- arylene having 6 to 12 carbon atoms is preferable, and more specifically, phenylene, methylphenylene and dimethylphenylene can be mentioned.
- Ar is a partial structure formed independently of hydrogen, an aryl having 6 to 24 carbon atoms, a heteroaryl having 2 to 24 carbon atoms, an alkyl having 1 to 12 carbon atoms or a cycloalkyl having 3 to 18 carbon atoms.
- hydrogen an aryl having 6 to 12 carbon atoms, and a heteroaryl having 2 to 14 carbon atoms are preferable. It is an alkyl having 1 to 4 carbon atoms or a cycloalkyl having 6 to 10 carbon atoms, more preferably hydrogen, phenyl, trill, xylyl, mesityl, biphenyl, pyridyl, bipyridyl, triazil, carbazolyl, dimethylcarbazolyl, di-.
- tert-butylcarbazolyl benzoimidazole or phenylbenzoimidazole, more preferably hydrogen, phenyl or carbazolyl.
- m is 1 or 2 and n is an integer of 2 to (6-m), and is preferably an integer of 4 to (6-m) from the viewpoint of steric hindrance.
- at least one hydrogen in the compound represented by each of the above formulas may be substituted with halogen or deuterium.
- Examples of the compound represented by the formula (H7) include compounds represented by the following structure.
- * indicates the bond position
- “Me” indicates methyl
- “tBu” indicates t-butyl.
- the compound represented by the formula (H7) includes PIC-TRZ, TXO-TPA, TXO-PhCz, PXZD SO2, ACRD SO2, DTC-DBT, DTAO, 4CzBN, 4CzBN-Ph.
- Dopant material The polycyclic aromatic compound of the present invention is preferably used as a dopant material.
- the dopant material that can be used other than the polycyclic aromatic compound of the present invention is not particularly limited, and a known compound can be used, and it can be selected from various materials according to a desired emission color. can.
- fused ring derivatives such as phenanthrene, anthracene, pyrene, tetracene, pentacene, perylene, naphthopylene, dibenzopyrene, rubrene and chrysen, benzoxazole derivatives, benzothiazole derivatives, benzoimidazole derivatives, benzotriazole derivatives, oxasols.
- Bistylyl derivatives such as derivatives, oxadiazole derivatives, thiazole derivatives, imidazole derivatives, thiadiazol derivatives, triazole derivatives, pyrazoline derivatives, stilben derivatives, thiophene derivatives, tetraphenylbutadiene derivatives, cyclopentadiene derivatives, bisstyrylanthracene derivatives and distyrylbenzene derivatives.
- bisstyrylallylene derivative Japanese Patent Laid-Open No.
- diazaindacene derivative furan derivative, benzofuran derivative, phenylisobenzofuran, dimesitylisobenzofuran, di (2-methylphenyl) Isobenzofuran, di (2-trifluoromethylphenyl) isobenzofuran, phenylisobenzofuran and other isobenzofuran derivatives, dibenzofuran derivatives, 7-dialkylaminocoumarin derivatives, 7-piperidinocoumarin derivatives, 7-hydroxycoumarin derivatives, 7- Cmarin derivatives such as methoxycoumarin derivative, 7-acetoxycmarin derivative, 3-benzothiazolyl coumarin derivative, 3-benzoimidazolyl coumarin derivative, 3-benzoxazolyl coumarin derivative, dicyanomethylenepyrine derivative, dicyanomethylenethiopyran derivative, polymethine Derivatives, cyanine derivatives, oxobenzoanthrasene derivatives, x
- examples of the blue to blue-green dopant material include aromatic hydrocarbon compounds such as naphthalene, anthracene, phenanthrene, pyrene, triphenylene, perylene, fluorene, inden, and chrysen, and their derivatives, furan, pyrrole, and thiophene.
- aromatic hydrocarbon compounds such as naphthalene, anthracene, phenanthrene, pyrene, triphenylene, perylene, fluorene, inden, and chrysen, and their derivatives, furan, pyrrole, and thiophene.
- Aromatic complexes such as silol, 9-silafluolene, 9,9'-spirobisilafluolene, benzothiophene, benzofuran, indole, dibenzothiophene, dibenzofuran, imidazopyridine, phenanthroline, pyrazine, naphthylidine, quinoxalin, pyrrolpyridine, thioxanthene.
- Aromatic derivatives such as ring compounds and their derivatives, distyrylbenzene derivatives, tetraphenylbutadiene derivatives, stylben derivatives, aldazine derivatives, coumarin derivatives, imidazole, thiazole, thiadiazol, carbazole, oxazole, oxadiazol, triazole and their metal complexes and N. , N'-diphenyl-N, N'-di (3-methylphenyl) -4,4'-diphenyl-1,1'-diamine and other aromatic amine derivatives.
- green to yellow dopant material examples include a coumarin derivative, a phthalimide derivative, a naphthalimide derivative, a perinone derivative, a pyrrolopyrrole derivative, a cyclopentadiene derivative, an acridone derivative, a quinacridone derivative, a naphthacene derivative such as rubrene, and the like.
- a preferable example is a compound in which a substituent capable of lengthening the wavelength, such as aryl, heteroaryl, arylvinyl, amino, and cyano, is introduced into the compound exemplified as the blue-green dopant material.
- naphthalimide derivatives such as bis (diisopropylphenyl) perylenetetracarboxylic acidimide, perinone derivatives, rare earth complexes such as Eu complex having acetylacetone, benzoylacetone and phenanthroline as ligands, 4 -(Dicyanomethylene) -2-methyl-6- (p-dimethylaminostyryl) -4H-pyran and its analogs, metal phthalocyanine derivatives such as magnesium phthalocyanine and aluminum chlorophthalocyanine, rhodamine compounds, deazaflavin derivatives, coumarin derivatives, quinacridone.
- naphthalimide derivatives such as bis (diisopropylphenyl) perylenetetracarboxylic acidimide, perinone derivatives, rare earth complexes such as Eu complex having acetylacetone, benzoylacetone and phenanthroline as ligands, 4 -(Dicya
- Examples thereof include derivatives, phenoxazine derivatives, oxazine derivatives, quinazoline derivatives, pyrolopyridine derivatives, squarylium derivatives, biolantron derivatives, phenazine derivatives, phenoxazone derivatives and thiathiazolopylene derivatives, and are further exemplified as the above-mentioned blue-blue-green and green-yellow dopant materials.
- a preferable example is a compound in which a substituent capable of lengthening the wavelength, such as aryl, heteroaryl, arylvinyl, amino, and cyano, is introduced into the above-mentioned compound.
- the dopant it can be appropriately selected and used from the compounds described in the June 2004 issue of Chemical Industry, page 13, and the references mentioned therein.
- amines, perylene derivatives, borane derivatives, aromatic amine derivatives, coumarin derivatives, pyrane derivatives or pyrene derivatives having a stillben structure are particularly preferable.
- the amine having a stilbene structure is represented by, for example, the following formula.
- Ar 1 is an m-valent group derived from an aryl having 6 to 30 carbon atoms
- Ar 2 and Ar 3 are independently aryls having 6 to 30 carbon atoms, but Ar 1 to Ar are respectively.
- At least one of 3 has a stilben structure, where Ar 1 to Ar 3 are aryl, heteroaryl, alkyl, cycloalkyl, tri-substituted silyl (silyl substituted silyl with aryl, alkyl and / or cycloalkyl) or cyano. May be replaced with, and m is an integer from 1 to 4.
- diaminostilbene represented by the following formula is more preferable.
- Ar 2 and Ar 3 are independently aryls having 6 to 30 carbon atoms, and Ar 2 and Ar 3 are aryl, heteroaryl, alkyl, cycloalkyl, and trisubstituted silyls (aryl, alkyl and tri-substituted silyls). / Or silyl substituted with cycloalkyl) or may be substituted with cyano.
- aryls having 6 to 30 carbon atoms include phenyl, naphthyl, acenaphthylenyl, fluorenyl, phenalenyl, phenanthrenyl, anthryl, fluoranthenyl, triphenylenyl, pyrenyl, chrysenyl, naphthalsenyl, perylenyl, stillbenyl, distyrylphenyl, and distyrylbiphenylyl. , Distyryl fluorenyl, etc.
- amines having a stilbene structure include N, N, N', N'-tetra (4-biphenylyl) -4,4'-diaminostilbene, N, N, N', N'-tetra (1-naphthyl).
- perylene derivative examples include 3,10-bis (2,6-dimethylphenyl) perylene, 3,10-bis (2,4,6-trimethylphenyl) perylene, 3,10-diphenylperylene, and 3,4-.
- JP-A-11-97178, JP-A-2000-133457, JP-A-2000-26324, JP-A-2001-267079, JP-A-2001-267878, JP-A-2001-267076, Perylene derivatives described in JP-A-2000-34234, JP-A-2001-267075, JP-A-2001-217777 and the like may be used.
- borane derivative examples include 1,8-diphenyl-10- (dimethylboryl) anthracene, 9-phenyl-10- (dimethylboryl) anthracene, 4- (9'-anthril) dimethylborylnaphthalene, 4- (10').
- -Phenyl-9'-anthryl) dimethylboryl naphthalene 9- (dimethylboryl) anthracene, 9- (4'-biphenylyl) -10- (dimethylboryl) anthracene, 9- (4'-(N-carbazolyl) phenyl) -10- (Dimethylboryl) Anthracene and the like.
- the borane derivative described in International Publication No. 2000/40586 or the like may be used.
- the aromatic amine derivative is represented by, for example, the following formula.
- Ar 4 is an n-valent group derived from an aryl having 6 to 30 carbon atoms
- Ar 5 and Ar 6 are independently aryls having 6 to 30 carbon atoms
- Ar 4 to Ar 6 are independent aryls having 6 to 30 carbon atoms.
- Ar 4 is a divalent group derived from anthracene, chrysene, fluorene, benzofluorene or pyrene
- Ar 5 and Ar 6 are independently aryls having 6 to 30 carbon atoms
- Ar 4 to Ar 6 are respectively. May be aryl, heteroaryl, alkyl, cycloalkyl, tri-substituted silyl (silyl substituted with aryl, alkyl and / or cycloalkyl) or cyano, and n is 2, aromatic.
- Group amine derivatives are more preferred.
- aryls having 6 to 30 carbon atoms include phenyl, naphthyl, acenaphthylenyl, fluorenyl, phenalenyl, phenanthrenyl, anthryl, fluoranthenyl, triphenylenyl, pyrenyl, chrysenyl, naphthalenyl, perylenyl, pentasenyl and the like.
- aromatic amine derivative as a chrysen system, for example, N, N, N', N'-tetraphenylcrisen-6,12-diamine, N, N, N', N'-tetra (p-tolyl) Chrysen-6,12-diamine, N, N, N', N'-tetra (m-tolyl) chrysen-6,12-diamine, N, N, N', N'-tetrakis (4-isopropylphenyl) chrysen -6,12-diamine, N, N, N', N'-tetra (naphthalen-2-yl) chrysen-6,12-diamine, N, N'-diphenyl-N, N'-di (p-tolyl) ) Chrysen-6,12-diamine, N, N'-diphenyl-N, N'-di (p-tolyl) ) Chrysen-6,
- the pyrene system includes, for example, N, N, N', N'-tetraphenylpyrene-1,6-diamine, N, N, N', N'-tetra (p-tolyl) pyrene-1,6.
- the anthracene system includes, for example, N, N, N, N-tetraphenylanthracene-9,10-diamine, N, N, N', N'-tetra (p-tolyl) anthracene-9,10-diamine.
- Examples of the coumarin derivative include coumarin-6 and coumarin-334. Further, the coumarin derivative described in JP-A-2004-43646, JP-A-2001-76876, JP-A-6-298758, etc. may be used.
- Examples of the pyran derivative include the following DCM and DCJTB. Further, JP-A-2005-126399, JP-A-2005-097283, JP-A-2002-234892, JP-A-2001-220757, JP-A-2001-081090, and JP-A-2001-052869. The pyran derivative described in the above may be used.
- the electron injection layer and the electron transport layer electron injection layer 107 in the organic electroluminescent element play a role of efficiently injecting electrons moving from the cathode 108 into the light emitting layer 105 or the electron transport layer 106.
- the electron transport layer 106 serves to efficiently transport the electrons injected from the cathode 108 or the electrons injected from the cathode 108 through the electron injection layer 107 to the light emitting layer 105.
- the electron transport layer 106 and the electron injection layer 107 are formed by laminating and mixing one or more of the electron transport / injection materials or a mixture of the electron transport / injection material and the polymer binder, respectively.
- the electron injection / transport layer is a layer in which electrons are injected from the cathode and is in charge of further transporting electrons. It is desirable that the electron injection efficiency is high and the injected electrons are efficiently transported. For that purpose, it is preferable that the substance has a high electron affinity, a high electron mobility, excellent stability, and is less likely to generate trap impurities during production and use. However, when considering the transport balance between holes and electrons, the electron transport capacity is so high when it mainly plays a role of efficiently blocking the holes from the anode from flowing to the cathode side without recombination. Even if it is not high, the effect of improving the luminous efficiency is equivalent to that of a material having a high electron transport capacity. Therefore, the electron injection / transport layer in the present embodiment may also include a layer function that can efficiently block the movement of holes.
- the material (electron transport material) for forming the electron transport layer 106 or the electron injection layer 107 it is used for a compound conventionally used as an electron transfer compound in a photoconductive material, an electron injection layer and an electron transport layer of an organic EL element. It can be arbitrarily selected and used from known known compounds.
- the material used for the electron transport layer or the electron injection layer is a compound composed of an aromatic ring or a complex aromatic ring composed of one or more atoms selected from carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, sulfur, silicon and phosphorus. It is preferable to contain at least one selected from a pyrrole derivative, a fused ring derivative thereof, and a metal complex having an electron-accepting nitrogen.
- fused ring-based aromatic ring derivatives such as naphthalene and anthracene, styryl-based aromatic ring derivatives typified by 4,4'-bis (diphenylethenyl) biphenyl, perinone derivatives, coumarin derivatives, and naphthalimide derivatives.
- Quinone derivatives such as anthraquinone and diphenoquinone, phosphoroxide derivatives, arylnitrile derivatives and indole derivatives.
- metal complex having electron-accepting nitrogen include hydroxyazole complexes such as hydroxyphenyloxazole complex, azomethine complex, tropolone metal complex, flavonol metal complex and benzoquinoline metal complex. These materials may be used alone, but may be mixed with different materials.
- electron transfer compounds include pyridine derivatives, naphthalene derivatives, anthracene derivatives, benzofluorene derivatives, phenanthroline derivatives, perinone derivatives, coumarin derivatives, naphthalimide derivatives, anthraquinone derivatives, diphenoquinone derivatives, diphenylquinone derivatives, and perylene derivatives.
- Oxaziazole derivatives (1,3-bis [(4-t-butylphenyl) 1,3,4-oxadiazolyl] phenylene, etc.), thiophene derivatives, triazole derivatives (N-naphthyl-2,5-diphenyl-1, etc.) 3,4-Triazole, etc.), thiazazole derivative, metal complex of oxine derivative, quinolinol metal complex, quinoxalin derivative, polymer of quinoxalin derivative, benzazole compound, gallium complex, pyrazole derivative, perfluorofluorinated phenylene derivative, triazine derivative, pyrazine Derivatives, benzoquinoline derivatives (2,2'-bis (benzo [h] quinoline-2-yl) -9,9'-spirobifluorene, etc.), imidazole pyridine derivatives, borane derivatives, benzoimidazole derivatives (tris (N-) Phenyl
- a metal complex having electron-accepting nitrogen can also be used.
- hydroxyazole complexes such as quinolinol-based metal complexes and hydroxyphenyloxazole complexes, azomethin complexes, tropolone metal complexes, flavonol metal complexes and benzoquinoline metal complexes can be used. can give.
- the above-mentioned materials can be used alone, but they may be mixed with different materials.
- borane derivative pyridine derivative, fluorentene derivative, BO derivative, anthracene derivative, benzofluorene derivative, phosphinoxide derivative, pyrimidine derivative, arylnitrile derivative, triazine derivative, benzoimidazole derivative, phenanthroline derivative, and quinolinol derivative.
- Metal complexes are preferred.
- the borane derivative is, for example, a compound represented by the following formula (ETM-1), and is disclosed in detail in JP-A-2007-27587.
- R 11 and R 12 are independently hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, optionally substituted aryl, substituted silyl, optionally substituted nitrogen-containing heterocycle, respectively.
- At least one of the rings, or cyanos, R 13 to R 16 are independently substituted alkyl, optionally substituted cycloalkyl, or optionally substituted aryl, respectively.
- X are optionally substituted arylene
- Y is optionally substituted aryl having 16 or less carbon atoms, substituted boryl, or optionally substituted carbazolyl
- n are independently integers from 0 to 3.
- substituent in the case of “may be substituted” or “substituted” include aryl, heteroaryl, alkyl, cycloalkyl and the like.
- R 11 and R 12 are independently hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, optionally substituted aryl, substituted silyl, optionally substituted nitrogen, respectively. At least one of the contained heterocycles, or cyano, R 13 to R 16 are independently substituted alkyl, optionally substituted cycloalkyl, or optionally substituted aryl, respectively. R 21 and R 22 are independently hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, optionally substituted aryl, substituted silyl, optionally substituted nitrogen-containing heterocycle, or cyano.
- X 1 is an arylene having 20 or less carbon atoms which may be substituted
- n is an independently integer of 0 to 3
- m is an independently of 0 to 4. Is an integer of.
- substituents in the case of “may be substituted” or “substituted” include aryl, heteroaryl, alkyl, cycloalkyl and the like.
- R 11 and R 12 are independently hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, optionally substituted aryl, substituted silyl, optionally substituted nitrogen, respectively. At least one of the contained heterocycles or cyano, R 13 to R 16 are independently substituted alkyl, optionally substituted cycloalkyl, or optionally substituted aryl, respectively.
- X 1 is an arylene having 20 or less carbon atoms which may be substituted, and n is an independently integer of 0 to 3.
- substituent in the case of "may be substituted” or “substituted” include aryl, heteroaryl, alkyl, cycloalkyl and the like.
- X 1 include divalent groups represented by any of the following formulas (X-1) to (X-9).
- Ra is a phenyl that may be independently alkyl, cycloalkyl or substituted, and * represents the bond position.
- this borane derivative include the following compounds.
- This borane derivative can be produced by using a known raw material and a known synthesis method.
- the pyridine derivative is, for example, a compound represented by the following formula (ETM-2), preferably a compound represented by the formula (ETM-2-1) or the formula (ETM-2-2).
- ⁇ is an n-valent aryl ring (preferably an n-valent benzene ring, naphthalene ring, anthracene ring, fluorene ring, benzofluorene ring, phenalene ring, phenanthrene ring or triphenylene ring), and n is an integer of 1 to 4. be.
- R 11 to R 18 are independently hydrogen, alkyl (preferably alkyl having 1 to 24 carbon atoms), and cycloalkyl (preferably cycloalkyl having 3 to 12 carbon atoms). ) Or aryl (preferably aryl with 6 to 30 carbon atoms).
- R 11 and R 12 are independently hydrogen, alkyl (preferably alkyl having 1 to 24 carbon atoms), and cycloalkyl (preferably cycloalkyl having 3 to 12 carbon atoms), respectively. ) Or aryl (preferably aryl having 6 to 30 carbon atoms), and R 11 and R 12 may be bonded to form a ring.
- the "pyridine-based substituent" is any of the following formulas (Py-1) to (Py-15) (* in the formula represents a bond position), and the pyridine-based substituent is Each may be independently substituted with an alkyl having 1 to 4 carbon atoms or a cycloalkyl having 5 to 10 carbon atoms. Specific examples include methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, s-butyl, t-butyl and the like, with methyl being preferred. Further, the pyridine-based substituent may be bonded to the ⁇ , anthracene ring or fluorene ring in each formula via phenylene or naphthylene.
- the pyridine-based substituent is any of the formulas (Py-1) to (Py-15) (* in the formula represents the bonding position), and among these, the following formula (Py-21) It is preferably any of the formulas (Py-44).
- At least one hydrogen in each pyridine derivative may be substituted with deuterium, and of the two "pyridine-based substituents" in formula (ETM-2-1) and formula (ETM-2-2). One may be replaced with aryl.
- the "alkyl” in R 11 to R 18 may be either a straight chain or a branched chain, and examples thereof include a linear alkyl having 1 to 24 carbon atoms and a branched chain alkyl having 3 to 24 carbon atoms.
- the preferred “alkyl” is an alkyl having 1 to 18 carbon atoms (branched chain alkyl having 3 to 18 carbon atoms).
- a more preferable “alkyl” is an alkyl having 1 to 12 carbon atoms (branched chain alkyl having 3 to 12 carbon atoms).
- a more preferable “alkyl” is an alkyl having 1 to 6 carbon atoms (branched chain alkyl having 3 to 6 carbon atoms).
- a particularly preferable “alkyl” is an alkyl having 1 to 4 carbon atoms (branched chain alkyl having 3 to 4 carbon atoms).
- alkyl includes methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, s-butyl, t-butyl, n-pentyl, isopentyl, neopentyl, t-pentyl, n-hexyl, 1 -Methylpentyl, 4-methyl-2-pentyl, 3,3-dimethylbutyl, 2-ethylbutyl, n-heptyl, 1-methylhexyl, n-octyl, t-octyl, 1-methylheptyl, 2-ethylhexyl, 2 -Propylpentyl, n-nonyl, 2,2-dimethylheptyl, 2,6-dimethyl-4-heptyl, 3,5,5-trimethylhexyl, n-decyl, n-undecyl,
- alkyl having 1 to 4 carbon atoms to be substituted with the pyridine-based substituent As the above description of the alkyl can be cited.
- Examples of the "cycloalkyl” in R 11 to R 18 include cycloalkyl having 3 to 12 carbon atoms.
- a preferred “cycloalkyl” is a cycloalkyl having 3 to 10 carbon atoms.
- a more preferable “cycloalkyl” is a cycloalkyl having 3 to 8 carbon atoms.
- a more preferable “cycloalkyl” is a cycloalkyl having 3 to 6 carbon atoms.
- cycloalkyl examples include cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, methylcyclopentyl, cycloheptyl, methylcyclohexyl, cyclooctyl, dimethylcyclohexyl and the like.
- a preferable aryl is an aryl having 6 to 30 carbon atoms
- a more preferable aryl is an aryl having 6 to 18 carbon atoms
- Yes and particularly preferably an aryl having 6 to 12 carbon atoms.
- aryl having 6 to 30 carbon atoms include phenyl, which is a monocyclic aryl, (1-, 2-) naphthyl, which is a fused dicyclic aryl, and acenaphthylene, which is a condensed tricyclic aryl.
- Preferred "aryls having 6 to 30 carbon atoms" include phenyl, naphthyl, phenanthryl, chrysenyl or triphenylenyl, more preferably phenyl, 1-naphthyl, 2-naphthyl or phenanthryl, and particularly preferably phenyl, 1 -Naphtyl or 2-naphthyl can be mentioned.
- R 11 and R 12 in the formula (ETM-2-2) may be combined to form a ring, and as a result, the 5-membered ring of the fluorene skeleton has cyclobutane, cyclopentane, cyclopentene, cyclopentadiene, or cyclohexane. , Fluorene, inden, etc. may be spiro-bonded.
- this pyridine derivative include the following compounds.
- This pyridine derivative can be produced by using a known raw material and a known synthesis method.
- the fluoranthene derivative is, for example, a compound represented by the following formula (ETM-3), and is disclosed in detail in International Publication No. 2010/134352.
- X 12 to X 21 are hydrogen, halogen, linear, branched or cyclic alkyl, linear, branched or cyclic alkoxy, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted hetero.
- examples of the substituent when substituted include aryl, heteroaryl, alkyl, cycloalkyl and the like.
- this fluoranthene derivative include the following compounds.
- the BO derivative is, for example, a multimer of a polycyclic aromatic compound represented by the following formula (ETM-4) or a polycyclic aromatic compound having a plurality of structures represented by the following formula (ETM-4).
- R 1 to R 11 are independently hydrogen, aryl, heteroaryl, diarylamino, diheteroarylamino, arylheteroarylamino, alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkoxy or aryloxy, and at least one hydrogen in these. May be substituted with aryl, heteroaryl, alkyl or cycloalkyl.
- adjacent groups of R 1 to R 11 may be bonded to each other to form an aryl ring or a heteroaryl ring together with an a ring, a b ring or a c ring, and at least one hydrogen in the formed ring.
- At least one hydrogen in the compound or structure represented by the formula (ETM-4) may be substituted with halogen or deuterium.
- this BO-based derivative include the following compounds.
- This BO-based derivative can be produced by using a known raw material and a known synthesis method.
- One of the anthracene derivatives is, for example, a compound represented by the following formula (ETM-5).
- Ar 1 is independently a single bond, divalent benzene, naphthalene, anthracene, fluorene, or phenalene.
- Ar 2 is independently an aryl having 6 to 20 carbon atoms, preferably an aryl having 6 to 16 carbon atoms, more preferably an aryl having 6 to 12 carbon atoms, and particularly preferably an aryl having 6 to 10 carbon atoms. ..
- aryls having 6 to 20 carbon atoms include phenyl, which is a monocyclic aryl, (o-, m-, p-) trill, and (2,3-,2,4-,2,5-).
- aryl having 6 to 10 carbon atoms include phenyl, biphenylyl, naphthyl, terphenylyl, anthrasenyl, acenaphthylenyl, fluorenyl, phenalenyl, phenanthryl, triphenylenyl, pyrenyl, tetrasenyl, perylenyl and the like.
- R 1 to R 4 are independently hydrogen, an alkyl having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl having 3 to 6 carbon atoms, or an aryl having 6 to 20 carbon atoms.
- the alkyl having 1 to 6 carbon atoms in R 1 to R 4 may be either a straight chain or a branched chain. That is, it is a linear alkyl having 1 to 6 carbon atoms or a branched chain alkyl having 3 to 6 carbon atoms. More preferably, it is an alkyl having 1 to 4 carbon atoms (branched chain alkyl having 3 to 4 carbon atoms).
- Specific examples include methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, s-butyl, t-butyl, n-pentyl, isopentyl, neopentyl, t-pentyl, n-hexyl, 1-methylpentyl, Examples include 4-methyl-2-pentyl, 3,3-dimethylbutyl, 2-ethylbutyl, etc., preferably methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, s-butyl, or t-butyl. , Methyl, ethyl, or t-butyl is more preferred.
- cycloalkyl having 3 to 6 carbon atoms in R 1 to R 4 include cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, methylcyclopentyl, cycloheptyl, methylcyclohexyl, cyclooctyl and dimethylcyclohexyl.
- the aryls having 6 to 20 carbon atoms in R1 to R4 the aryls having 6 to 16 carbon atoms are preferable, the aryls having 6 to 12 carbon atoms are more preferable, and the aryls having 6 to 10 carbon atoms are particularly preferable.
- aryl having 6 to 20 carbon atoms a specific example of "aryl having 6 to 20 carbon atoms" in Ar 2 can be cited.
- Preferred "aryl of 6-20 carbons" are phenyl, biphenylyl, terphenylyl or naphthyl, more preferably phenyl, biphenylyl, 1-naphthyl, 2-naphthyl or m-terphenyl-5'-yl. More preferably, it is phenyl, biphenylyl, 1-naphthyl or 2-naphthyl, and most preferably phenyl.
- anthracene derivatives include the following compounds.
- the benzofluorene derivative is, for example, a compound represented by the following formula (ETM-6).
- Ar 1 is an aryl having 6 to 20 carbon atoms independently, and the same explanation as “aryl having 6 to 20 carbon atoms” in Ar 2 of the formula (ETM-5) can be quoted.
- Aryl having 6 to 16 carbon atoms is preferable, aryl with 6 to 12 carbon atoms is more preferable, and aryl with 6 to 10 carbon atoms is particularly preferable.
- phenyl examples thereof include phenyl, biphenylyl, naphthyl, terphenylyl, anthrasenyl, acenaphthylenyl, fluorenyl, phenalenyl, phenanthryl, triphenylenyl, pyrenyl, tetrasenyl, perylenyl and the like.
- Ar 2 is independently hydrogen, alkyl (preferably alkyl having 1 to 24 carbon atoms), cycloalkyl (preferably cycloalkyl having 3 to 12 carbon atoms) or aryl (preferably aryl having 6 to 30 carbon atoms). ), And the two Ar 2s may be combined to form a ring.
- the "alkyl” in Ar 2 may be either straight chain or branched chain, and examples thereof include straight chain alkyl having 1 to 24 carbon atoms and branched chain alkyl having 3 to 24 carbon atoms.
- the preferred “alkyl” is an alkyl having 1 to 18 carbon atoms (branched chain alkyl having 3 to 18 carbon atoms).
- a more preferable “alkyl” is an alkyl having 1 to 12 carbon atoms (branched chain alkyl having 3 to 12 carbon atoms).
- a more preferable “alkyl” is an alkyl having 1 to 6 carbon atoms (branched chain alkyl having 3 to 6 carbon atoms).
- alkyl is an alkyl having 1 to 4 carbon atoms (branched chain alkyl having 3 to 4 carbon atoms).
- Specific “alkyl” includes methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, s-butyl, t-butyl, n-pentyl, isopentyl, neopentyl, t-pentyl, n-hexyl, 1 -Methylpentyl, 4-methyl-2-pentyl, 3,3-dimethylbutyl, 2-ethylbutyl, n-heptyl, 1-methylhexyl and the like can be mentioned.
- Examples of the "cycloalkyl” in Ar 2 include cycloalkyl having 3 to 12 carbon atoms.
- a preferred “cycloalkyl” is a cycloalkyl having 3 to 10 carbon atoms.
- a more preferable “cycloalkyl” is a cycloalkyl having 3 to 8 carbon atoms.
- a more preferable “cycloalkyl” is a cycloalkyl having 3 to 6 carbon atoms.
- cycloalkyl examples include cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, methylcyclopentyl, cycloheptyl, methylcyclohexyl, cyclooctyl, dimethylcyclohexyl and the like.
- a preferable aryl is an aryl having 6 to 30 carbon atoms, a more preferable aryl is an aryl having 6 to 18 carbon atoms, and more preferably an aryl having 6 to 14 carbon atoms. It is preferably an aryl having 6 to 12 carbon atoms.
- aryl having 6 to 30 carbon atoms include phenyl, naphthyl, acenaphthylenyl, fluorenyl, phenalenyl, phenanthryl, triphenylenyl, pyrenyl, naphthalsenyl, perylenyl, pentasenyl and the like.
- the two Ar 2s may be bonded to form a ring, and as a result, cyclobutane, cyclopentane, cyclopentene, cyclopentadiene, cyclohexane, fluorene or indene are spiro-bonded to the 5-membered ring of the fluorene skeleton. You may.
- This benzofluorene derivative can be produced by using a known raw material and a known synthetic method.
- the phosphine oxide derivative is, for example, a compound represented by the following formula (ETM-7-1). Details are also described in International Publication No. 2013/07927 and International Publication No. 2013/079678.
- R5 is a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl having 3 to 16 carbon atoms, an aryl having 6 to 20 carbon atoms or a heteroaryl having 5 to 20 carbon atoms.
- R 6 is CN, substituted or unsubstituted, alkyl having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, cycloalkyl having 3 to 16 carbon atoms, heteroalkyl having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, aryl having 6 to 20 carbon atoms, and 5 to 5 carbon atoms. 20 heteroaryl, 1 to 20 carbon alkoxy or 6 to 20 carbon aryloxy.
- R 7 and R 8 are independently substituted or unsubstituted aryls having 6 to 20 carbon atoms or heteroaryls having 5 to 20 carbon atoms, respectively.
- R 9 is oxygen or sulfur j is 0 or 1
- k is 0 or 1
- r is an integer of 0 to 4
- q is an integer of 1 to 3.
- examples of the substituent when substituted include aryl, heteroaryl, alkyl, cycloalkyl and the like.
- the phosphine oxide derivative may be, for example, a compound represented by the following formula (ETM-7-2).
- R 1 to R 3 may be the same or different, hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, aralkyl, alkenyl, cycloalkenyl, alkynyl, alkoxy, alkylthio, cycloalkylthio, aryl ether (aryl ether group), aryl thio ether (aryl). It is selected from a fused ring formed between a thioether group), an aryl, a heterocyclic group, a halogen, a cyano, an aldehyde, a carbonyl, a carboxyl, an amino, a nitro, a silyl, and an adjacent substituent.
- Ar 1 may be the same or different and may be an arylene or a heteroarylene.
- Ar 2 may be the same or different and is aryl or heteroaryl. However, at least one of Ar 1 and Ar 2 has a substituent or forms a fused ring with an adjacent substituent.
- n is an integer of 0 to 3, and when n is 0, the unsaturated structure portion does not exist, and when n is 3, R 1 does not exist.
- alkyl means, for example, a saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon group such as methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, etc., which may be unsubstituted or substituted.
- the substituent when substituted is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include alkyl, aryl, and heterocyclic groups, and this point is also common to the following description.
- the number of carbon atoms of the alkyl is not particularly limited, but is usually in the range of 1 to 20 from the viewpoint of availability and cost.
- cycloalkyl means, for example, a saturated alicyclic hydrocarbon group such as cyclopropyl, cyclohexyl, norbornyl, adamantyl, etc., which may be substituted or substituted.
- the carbon number of the alkyl moiety is not particularly limited, but is usually in the range of 3 to 20.
- aralkyl refers to an aromatic hydrocarbon group mediated by an aliphatic hydrocarbon such as benzyl or phenylethyl, and both the aliphatic hydrocarbon and the aromatic hydrocarbon may be substituted or substituted. do not have.
- the carbon number of the aliphatic portion is not particularly limited, but is usually in the range of 1 to 20.
- alkenyl indicates an unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon group containing a double bond such as vinyl, allyl, butazienyl, etc., which may be substituted or substituted.
- the carbon number of the alkenyl is not particularly limited, but is usually in the range of 2 to 20.
- cycloalkenyl indicates an unsaturated alicyclic hydrocarbon group containing a double bond such as cyclopentenyl, cyclopentadienyl, cyclohexenyl, etc., which may be substituted or substituted.
- alkynyl indicates an unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon group containing a triple bond such as acetylenyl, which may be substituted or substituted.
- the number of carbon atoms of alkynyl is not particularly limited, but is usually in the range of 2 to 20.
- alkoxy indicates an aliphatic hydrocarbon group via an ether bond such as methoxy, and the aliphatic hydrocarbon group may be substituted or substituted.
- the number of carbon atoms of the alkoxy is not particularly limited, but is usually in the range of 1 to 20.
- Alkoxythio is a group in which the oxygen atom of the ether bond of alkoxy is replaced with a sulfur atom.
- cycloalkylthio is a group in which the oxygen atom of the ether bond of cycloalkoxy is replaced with a sulfur atom.
- the aryl ether indicates an aromatic hydrocarbon group via an ether bond such as phenoxy, and the aromatic hydrocarbon group may be substituted or substituted.
- the carbon number of the aryl ether is not particularly limited, but is usually in the range of 6 to 40.
- Aryl thioether is a group in which the oxygen atom of the ether bond of aryl ether is replaced with a sulfur atom.
- Aryl means, for example, an aromatic hydrocarbon group such as phenyl, naphthyl, biphenylyl, phenanthryl, turfenyl, and pyrenyl.
- Aryl may be unsubstituted or substituted.
- the number of carbon atoms of the aryl is not particularly limited, but is usually in the range of 6 to 40.
- heterocyclic group refers to a cyclic structural group having an atom other than carbon such as furanyl, thienyl, oxazolyl, pyridyl, quinolinyl, and carbazolyl, which may be substituted or substituted.
- the number of carbon atoms of the heterocyclic group is not particularly limited, but is usually in the range of 2 to 30.
- Halogen refers to fluorine, chlorine, bromine, and iodine.
- Aldehydes, carbonyls, and aminos can also contain groups substituted with aliphatic hydrocarbons, alicyclic hydrocarbons, aromatic hydrocarbons, heterocycles, and the like.
- aliphatic hydrocarbons may be substituted or substituted.
- alicyclic hydrocarbons may be substituted or substituted.
- aromatic hydrocarbons may be substituted or substituted.
- heterocycles may be substituted or substituted.
- the silyl indicates a silicon compound group such as trimethylsilyl, which may be unsubstituted or substituted.
- the number of carbon atoms of Cyril is not particularly limited, but is usually in the range of 3 to 20.
- the number of silicon is usually 1 to 6.
- the fused rings formed between the adjacent substituents are, for example, Ar 1 and R 2 , Ar 1 and R 3 , Ar 2 and R 2 , Ar 2 and R 3 , R 2 and R 3 , and Ar 1 . It is a conjugated or non-conjugated fused ring formed between Ar 2 and the like. Here, when n is 1 , a conjugated or non-conjugated fused ring may be formed between the two R1s. These fused rings may contain nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur atoms in the ring structure, or may be fused with another ring.
- this phosphine oxide derivative include the following compounds.
- This phosphine oxide derivative can be produced by using a known raw material and a known synthetic method.
- the pyrimidine derivative is, for example, a compound represented by the following formula (ETM-8), preferably a compound represented by the following formula (ETM-8-1). Details are also described in International Publication No. 2011/021689.
- Ar is an aryl that may be substituted or a heteroaryl that may be substituted independently of each other.
- n is an integer of 1 to 4, preferably an integer of 1 to 3, and more preferably 2 or 3.
- aryl of the “optionally substituted aryl” examples include aryls having 6 to 30 carbon atoms, preferably aryls having 6 to 24 carbon atoms, and more preferably aryls having 6 to 20 carbon atoms. More preferably, it is an aryl having 6 to 12 carbon atoms.
- aryls include phenyl, which is a monocyclic aryl, (2-, 3-, 4-) biphenylyl, which is a bicyclic aryl, and (1-, 2-) naphthyl, which is a fused bicyclic aryl.
- Tricyclic aryl terphenylyl (m-terphenyl-2'-yl, m-terphenyl-4'-yl, m-terphenyl-5'-yl, o-terphenyl-3'-yl, o -Terphenyl-4'-yl, p-terphenyl-2'-yl, m-terphenyl-2-yl, m-terphenyl-3-yl, m-terphenyl-4-yl, o-terphenyl -2-Il, o-terphenyl-3-yl, o-terphenyl-4-yl, p-terphenyl-2-yl, p-terphenyl-3-yl, p-terphenyl-4-yl) , Fused tricyclic aryls, acenaphtylene- (1-, 3-, 4-, 5-) yl, fluoren- (1-, 2-, 3-, 4-, 9-)
- heteroaryl examples include a heteroaryl having 2 to 30 carbon atoms, preferably a heteroaryl having 2 to 25 carbon atoms, and a heteroaryl having 2 to 20 carbon atoms.
- Aryl is more preferable, heteroaryl having 2 to 15 carbon atoms is further preferable, and heteroaryl having 2 to 10 carbon atoms is particularly preferable.
- the heteroaryl include a heterocycle containing 1 to 5 heteroatoms selected from oxygen, sulfur and nitrogen in addition to carbon as ring-constituting atoms.
- heteroaryl examples include frill, thienyl, pyrrolyl, oxazolyl, isooxazolyl, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, oxadiazolyl, frazayl, thiadiazolyl, triazolyl, tetrazolyl, pyridyl, pyrimidinyl, pyridazinyl, pyrazinyl, triazinyl, benzofuranyl, and the like.
- Pteridinyl carbazolyl, acridinyl, phenoxadinyl, phenothiazine, phenazinyl, phenoxatiinyl, thiantrenyl, indridinyl and the like.
- aryl and heteroaryl may be substituted, and may be substituted with, for example, the above-mentioned aryl and heteroaryl, respectively.
- this pyrimidine derivative include the following compounds.
- This pyrimidine derivative can be produced by using a known raw material and a known synthetic method.
- the arylnitrile derivative is, for example, a compound represented by the following formula (ETM-9), or a multimer in which a plurality of the compounds are bonded by a single bond or the like. Details are described in US Application Publication No. 2014/0197386.
- Ar ni preferably has a large number of carbon atoms from the viewpoint of fast electron transportability, and preferably has a small number of carbon atoms from the viewpoint of high T1.
- Ar ni is preferably a high T1 for use in a layer adjacent to the light emitting layer, is an aryl having 6 to 20 carbon atoms, and is preferably an aryl having 6 to 14 carbon atoms, more preferably. It is an aryl having 6 to 10 carbon atoms.
- the number of substitutions n of the nitrile group is preferably large from the viewpoint of high T1 and preferably small from the viewpoint of high S1.
- the number of substitutions n of the nitrile group is specifically an integer of 1 to 4, preferably an integer of 1 to 3, more preferably an integer of 1 to 2, and even more preferably 1.
- Ar is an aryl that may be substituted or a heteroaryl that may be substituted independently of each other. From the viewpoint of high S1 and high T1, donor heteroaryl is preferable, and since it is used as an electron transport layer, it is preferable that the donor heteroaryl is small. From the viewpoint of charge transportability, aryl or heteroaryl having a large number of carbon atoms is preferable, and it is preferable to have a large number of substituents. Specifically, the number of substitutions m of Ar is an integer of 1 to 4, preferably an integer of 1 to 3, and more preferably 1 to 2.
- aryl of the “optionally substituted aryl” examples include aryls having 6 to 30 carbon atoms, preferably aryls having 6 to 24 carbon atoms, and more preferably aryls having 6 to 20 carbon atoms. More preferably, it is an aryl having 6 to 12 carbon atoms.
- aryls include phenyl, which is a monocyclic aryl, (2-, 3-, 4-) biphenylyl, which is a bicyclic aryl, and (1-, 2-) naphthyl, which is a fused bicyclic aryl.
- Tricyclic aryl terphenylyl (m-terphenyl-2'-yl, m-terphenyl-4'-yl, m-terphenyl-5'-yl, o-terphenyl-3'-yl, o -Terphenyl-4'-yl, p-terphenyl-2'-yl, m-terphenyl-2-yl, m-terphenyl-3-yl, m-terphenyl-4-yl, o-terphenyl -2-Il, o-terphenyl-3-yl, o-terphenyl-4-yl, p-terphenyl-2-yl, p-terphenyl-3-yl, p-terphenyl-4-yl) , Fused tricyclic aryls, acenaphtylene- (1-, 3-, 4-, 5-) yl, fluoren- (1-, 2-, 3-, 4-, 9-)
- heteroaryl examples include a heteroaryl having 2 to 30 carbon atoms, preferably a heteroaryl having 2 to 25 carbon atoms, and a heteroaryl having 2 to 20 carbon atoms.
- Aryl is more preferable, heteroaryl having 2 to 15 carbon atoms is further preferable, and heteroaryl having 2 to 10 carbon atoms is particularly preferable.
- the heteroaryl include a heterocycle containing 1 to 5 heteroatoms selected from oxygen, sulfur and nitrogen in addition to carbon as ring-constituting atoms.
- heteroaryl examples include frill, thienyl, pyrrolyl, oxazolyl, isooxazolyl, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, oxadiazolyl, frazayl, thiadiazolyl, triazolyl, tetrazolyl, pyridyl, pyrimidinyl, pyridazinyl, pyrazinyl, triazinyl, benzofuranyl, and the like.
- Pteridinyl carbazolyl, acridinyl, phenoxadinyl, phenothiazine, phenazinyl, phenoxatiinyl, thiantrenyl, indridinyl and the like.
- aryl and heteroaryl may be substituted, and may be substituted with, for example, the above-mentioned aryl and heteroaryl, respectively.
- the arylnitrile derivative may be a multimer in which a plurality of compounds represented by the formula (ETM-9) are bonded by a single bond or the like.
- an aryl ring preferably a polyvalent benzene ring, naphthalene ring, anthracene ring, fluorene ring, benzofluorene ring, phenalene ring, phenanthrene ring or triphenylene ring
- an aryl ring preferably a polyvalent benzene ring, naphthalene ring, anthracene ring, fluorene ring, benzofluorene ring, phenalene ring, phenanthrene ring or triphenylene ring
- this arylnitrile derivative include the following compounds.
- This arylnitrile derivative can be produced by using a known raw material and a known synthesis method.
- the triazine derivative is, for example, a compound represented by the following formula (ETM-10), preferably a compound represented by the following formula (ETM-10-1). Details are described in US Patent Application Publication No. 2011/0156013.
- Ar is an aryl that may be substituted or a heteroaryl that may be substituted independently of each other.
- n is an integer of 1 to 3, preferably 2 or 3.
- aryl of the “optionally substituted aryl” examples include aryls having 6 to 30 carbon atoms, preferably aryls having 6 to 24 carbon atoms, and more preferably aryls having 6 to 20 carbon atoms. More preferably, it is an aryl having 6 to 12 carbon atoms.
- aryls include phenyl, which is a monocyclic aryl, (2-, 3-, 4-) biphenylyl, which is a bicyclic aryl, and (1-, 2-) naphthyl, which is a fused bicyclic aryl.
- Tricyclic aryl terphenylyl (m-terphenyl-2'-yl, m-terphenyl-4'-yl, m-terphenyl-5'-yl, o-terphenyl-3'-yl, o -Terphenyl-4'-yl, p-terphenyl-2'-yl, m-terphenyl-2-yl, m-terphenyl-3-yl, m-terphenyl-4-yl, o-terphenyl -2-Il, o-terphenyl-3-yl, o-terphenyl-4-yl, p-terphenyl-2-yl, p-terphenyl-3-yl, p-terphenyl-4-yl) , Fused tricyclic aryls, acenaphtylene- (1-, 3-, 4-, 5-) yl, fluoren- (1-, 2-, 3-, 4-, 9-)
- heteroaryl examples include a heteroaryl having 2 to 30 carbon atoms, preferably a heteroaryl having 2 to 25 carbon atoms, and a heteroaryl having 2 to 20 carbon atoms.
- Aryl is more preferable, heteroaryl having 2 to 15 carbon atoms is further preferable, and heteroaryl having 2 to 10 carbon atoms is particularly preferable.
- the heteroaryl include a heterocycle containing 1 to 5 heteroatoms selected from oxygen, sulfur and nitrogen in addition to carbon as ring-constituting atoms.
- heteroaryl examples include frill, thienyl, pyrrolyl, oxazolyl, isooxazolyl, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, oxadiazolyl, frazayl, thiadiazolyl, triazolyl, tetrazolyl, pyridyl, pyrimidinyl, pyridazinyl, pyrazinyl, triazinyl, benzofuranyl, and the like.
- Pteridinyl carbazolyl, acridinyl, phenoxadinyl, phenothiazine, phenazinyl, phenoxatiinyl, thiantrenyl, indridinyl and the like.
- aryl and heteroaryl may be substituted, and may be substituted with, for example, the above-mentioned aryl and heteroaryl, respectively.
- this triazine derivative include the following compounds.
- This triazine derivative can be produced by using a known raw material and a known synthesis method.
- the benzimidazole derivative is, for example, a compound represented by the following formula (ETM-11).
- ⁇ is an n-valent aryl ring (preferably an n-valent benzene ring, naphthalene ring, anthracene ring, fluorene ring, benzofluorene ring, phenalene ring, phenanthrene ring or triphenylene ring), and n is an integer of 1 to 4.
- the pyridyl in the "pyridine-based substituent” in the formula (ETM-2), the formula (ETM-2-1) and the formula (ETM-2-2) is the following benzimidazolyl.
- * indicates a binding position
- R 11 in the benzoimidazolyl is hydrogen, an alkyl having 1 to 24 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl having 3 to 12 carbon atoms or an aryl having 6 to 30 carbon atoms, and is of the formula (ETM-2-1) and the formula (ETM-2). The explanation of R 11 in -2) can be quoted.
- ⁇ is further preferably an anthracene ring or a fluorene ring, and the structure in this case can be quoted from the description in the formula (ETM-2-1) or the formula (ETM-2-2), and each formula can be quoted.
- R 11 to R 18 the explanation in the formula (ETM-2-1) or the formula (ETM-2-2) can be quoted.
- two pyridine-based substituents are described in a bound form, but when these are replaced with benzoimidazole-based substituents, both are described.
- this benzimidazole derivative include, for example, 1-phenyl-2- (4- (10-phenylanthracene-9-yl) phenyl) -1H-benzo [d] imidazole, 2- (4- (10- (10-).
- This benzimidazole derivative can be produced by using a known raw material and a known synthetic method.
- the phenanthroline derivative is, for example, a compound represented by the following formula (ETM-12) or formula (ETM-12-1). Details are described in International Publication No. 2006/021982.
- ⁇ is an n-valent aryl ring (preferably an n-valent benzene ring, naphthalene ring, anthracene ring, fluorene ring, benzofluorene ring, phenalene ring, phenanthrene ring or triphenylene ring), and n is an integer of 1 to 4. be.
- R 11 to R 18 of each formula are independently hydrogen, alkyl (preferably alkyl having 1 to 24 carbon atoms), cycloalkyl (preferably cycloalkyl having 3 to 12 carbon atoms) or aryl (preferably carbon number 3 to 12). Aryl of number 6-30). Further, in the formula (ETM-12-1), any one of R 11 to R 18 serves as a bond with ⁇ which is an aryl ring.
- At least one hydrogen in each phenanthroline derivative may be substituted with deuterium.
- R 11 to R 18 As the alkyl, cycloalkyl and aryl in R 11 to R 18 , the description of R 11 to R 18 in the formula (ETM-2) can be cited. Further, in addition to the above-mentioned example, ⁇ can be given, for example, the following structural formula.
- R in the following structural formula is hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, cyclohexyl, phenyl, 1-naphthyl, 2-naphthyl, biphenylyl or terfenylyl independently, and * represents a binding position.
- this phenanthroline derivative include, for example, 4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline, 2,9-dimethyl-4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline, 9,10-di (1,10-).
- This phenanthroline derivative can be produced by using a known raw material and a known synthetic method.
- the quinolinol-based metal complex is, for example, a compound represented by the following formula (ETM-13).
- R 1 to R 6 are independently hydrogen, fluorine, alkyl, cycloalkyl, aralkyl, alkenyl, cyano, alkoxy, or aryl, and M is Li, Al, Ga, Be, or Zn. Yes, n is an integer of 1 to 3.
- quinolinol-based metal complex examples include 8-quinolinol lithium, tris (8-quinolinolate) aluminum, tris (4-methyl-8-quinolinolate) aluminum, tris (5-methyl-8-quinolinolate) aluminum, and tris (3).
- This quinolinol-based metal complex can be produced by using a known raw material and a known synthesis method.
- the thiazole derivative is, for example, a compound represented by the following formula (ETM-14-1).
- the benzothiazole derivative is, for example, a compound represented by the following formula (ETM-14-2).
- ⁇ of each formula is an n-valent aryl ring (preferably an n-valent benzene ring, naphthalene ring, anthracene ring, fluorene ring, benzofluorene ring, phenalene ring, phenanthrene ring or triphenylene ring), and n is 1 to 4 "Thiazole-based substituent” and “benzothiazole-based substituent” are integers of, and "pyridine-based substituent” in the formula (ETM-2), the formula (ETM-2-1) and the formula (ETM-2-2).
- the pyridyl in the "group” is a substituent in which the following thiazolyl or benzothiazolyl (* indicates a binding position) is replaced, and at least one hydrogen in the thiazole derivative and the benzothiazole derivative may be replaced with dehydrogen.
- ⁇ is further preferably an anthracene ring or a fluorene ring, and the structure in this case can be quoted from the description in the formula (ETM-2-1) or the formula (ETM-2-2), and each formula can be quoted.
- R 11 to R 18 the explanation in the formula (ETM-2-1) or the formula (ETM-2-2) can be quoted.
- the formula (ETM-2-1) or the formula (ETM-2-2) describes the form in which two pyridine-based substituents are bonded, these are described as a thiazole-based substituent (or a benzothiazole-based substituent).
- thiazole derivatives or benzothiazole derivatives can be produced by using known raw materials and known synthetic methods.
- the siror derivative is, for example, a compound represented by the following formula (ETM-15). Details are described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 9-194487.
- X and Y are independently alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, alkoxy, alkenyloxy, alkynyloxy, aryl, heteroaryl, which may be substituted.
- the description in formulas (1A) and (1B), as well as the description in formula (ETM-7-2) can be cited.
- alkenyloxy and alkynyloxy are groups in which the alkyl moiety in alkoxy is replaced with alkenyl or alkynyl, respectively, and the details of these alkenyl and alkynyl can be referred to in the formula (ETM-7-2).
- X and Y which are both alkyls, may be bonded to form a ring.
- R 1 to R 4 are independently hydrogen, halogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkoxy, aryloxy, amino, alkylcarbonyl, arylcarbonyl, alkoxycarbonyl, aryloxycarbonyl, azo group, alkylcarbonyloxy, arylcarbonyl, respectively.
- alkyl, aryl and alkoxy in alkylcarbonyl, arylcarbonyl, alkoxycarbonyl, aryloxycarbonyl, alkylcarbonyloxy, arylcarbonyloxy, alkoxycarbonyloxy and aryloxycarbonyloxy in R 1-4 are also described in the formula.
- the explanations in (1A) and equation (1B) can be quoted.
- silyl examples include a silyl group and a group in which at least one of the three hydrogens of the silyl group is independently substituted with aryl, alkyl or cycloalkyl, and trisubstituted silyl is preferable.
- examples thereof include trialkylsilyl, tricycloalkylsilyl, dialkylcycloalkylsilyl and alkyldicycloalkylsilyl.
- the fused ring formed between the adjacent substituents is, for example, a conjugated or non-conjugated fused ring formed between R 1 and R 2 , R 2 and R 3 , R 3 and R 4 , and the like. .. These fused rings may contain nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur atoms in the ring structure, or may be fused with another ring.
- R 1 and R 4 are phenyl
- X and Y are not alkyl or phenyl.
- R 1 and R 4 are thienyl
- X and Y are alkyl
- R 2 and R 3 are alkyl, aryl, alkenyl or cyclo in which R 2 and R 3 are bonded to form a ring. It is a structure that does not satisfy alkyl at the same time.
- R 1 and R 4 are silyl groups
- R 2 , R 3 , X and Y are independently hydrogen or not an alkyl having 1 to 6 carbon atoms.
- X and Y are not alkyl and phenyl.
- siror derivatives can be produced using known raw materials and known synthetic methods.
- the azoline derivative is, for example, a compound represented by the following formula (ETM-16). Details are described in International Publication No. 2017/014226.
- ⁇ is an m-valent group derived from an aromatic hydrocarbon having 6 to 40 carbon atoms or an m-valent group derived from an aromatic heterocycle having 2 to 40 carbon atoms, and at least one hydrogen of ⁇ has 1 carbon atom. It may be substituted with an alkyl of up to 6; a cycloalkyl of 3 to 14 carbons, an aryl of 6 to 18 carbons or a heteroaryl of 2 to 18 carbons.
- Y is independently -O-, -S- or> N-Ar
- Ar is an aryl having 6 to 12 carbon atoms or a heteroaryl having 2 to 12 carbon atoms, and at least one hydrogen of Ar.
- L is independently selected from the group consisting of a divalent group represented by the following formula (L-1) and a divalent group represented by the following formula (L-2).
- R 6 is a site that binds to ⁇ or an azoline ring
- R 6 is hydrogen.
- At least one hydrogen of L may be substituted with an alkyl having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl having 5 to 10 carbon atoms, an aryl having 6 to 10 carbon atoms or a heteroaryl having 2 to 10 carbon atoms.
- m is an integer of 1 to 4, and when m is 2 to 4, the groups formed by the azoline ring and L may be the same or different, and At least one hydrogen in the compound represented by the formula (ETM-16) may be substituted with deuterium.
- the specific azoline derivative is a compound represented by the following formula (ETM-16-1) or formula (ETM-16-2).
- ⁇ is an m-valent group derived from an aromatic hydrocarbon having 6 to 40 carbon atoms or an m-valent group derived from an aromatic heterocycle having 2 to 40 carbon atoms, and at least one hydrogen of ⁇ has 1 carbon atom. It may be substituted with an alkyl of up to 6; a cycloalkyl of 3 to 14 carbons, an aryl of 6 to 18 carbons or a heteroaryl of 2 to 18 carbons.
- Y is independently -O-, -S- or> N-Ar
- Ar is an aryl having 6 to 12 carbon atoms or a hetero with 2 to 12 carbon atoms.
- R 1 to R 4 are independently hydrogen, an alkyl having 1 to 4 carbon atoms or a cycloalkyl having 5 to 10 carbon atoms, respectively, except that R 1 and R 2 are the same.
- R 1 to R 5 are independently hydrogen, an alkyl having 1 to 4 carbon atoms or a cycloalkyl having 5 to 10 carbon atoms, respectively, except that R 1 and R 2 are the same.
- R 3 and R 4 are the same,
- L is independently selected from the group consisting of a divalent group represented by the following formula (L-1) and a divalent group represented by the following formula (L-2).
- R 6 is a site that binds to ⁇ or an azoline ring
- R 6 is hydrogen.
- At least one hydrogen of L may be substituted with an alkyl having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl having 5 to 10 carbon atoms, an aryl having 6 to 10 carbon atoms or a heteroaryl having 2 to 10 carbon atoms.
- n is an integer of 1 to 4, and when m is 2 to 4, the groups formed by the azoline ring and L may be the same or different, and At least one hydrogen in the compound represented by the formula (ETM-16-1) or the formula (ETM-16-2) may be substituted with deuterium.
- ⁇ is a monovalent group represented by the following formulas ( ⁇ 1-1) to ( ⁇ 1-18) and a divalent group represented by the following formulas ( ⁇ 2-1) to ( ⁇ 2-34). It consists of a trivalent group represented by the following formulas ( ⁇ 3-1) to ( ⁇ 3-3) and a tetravalent group represented by the following formulas ( ⁇ 4-1) to formula ( ⁇ 4-2). Selected from the group, at least one hydrogen of ⁇ is substituted with an alkyl having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl having 3 to 14 carbon atoms, an aryl having 6 to 18 carbon atoms or a heteroaryl having 2 to 18 carbon atoms. May be good.
- Z in the formula is> CR 2 ,>N-Ar,> N-L, -O- or -S-, and R in> CR 2 is an alkyl having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, respectively. It is a cycloalkyl having 5 to 10 carbon atoms, an aryl having 6 to 12 carbon atoms or a heteroaryl having 2 to 12 carbon atoms, and R may be bonded to each other to form a ring, and Ar in> N—Ar is It is an aryl having 6 to 12 carbon atoms or a heteroaryl having 2 to 12 carbon atoms, and L in> NL is the formula (ETM-16), the formula (ETM-16-1) or the formula (ETM-16-2). Is L in. * In the formula represents the bond position.
- L is a divalent group of rings selected from the group consisting of benzene, naphthalene, pyridine, pyrazine, pyrimidine, pyridazine, triazine, quinoline, isoquinoline, naphthylidine, phthalazine, quinoxaline, quinazoline, cinnoline, and pteridine.
- At least one hydrogen of L may be substituted with an alkyl having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl having 5 to 10 carbon atoms, an aryl having 6 to 10 carbon atoms or a heteroaryl having 2 to 10 carbon atoms.
- Ar in> N-Ar as Y or Z consists of the group consisting of phenyl, naphthyl, pyridinyl, pyrazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyridadinyl, triazinyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, naphthyldinyl, phthalazinyl, quinoxalinyl, quinazolinyl, cinnolinyl, and pteridinyl.
- At least one hydrogen of Ar in> N—Ar as Y may be substituted with an alkyl having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl having 5 to 10 carbon atoms or an aryl having 6 to 10 carbon atoms.
- R 1 to R 4 are independently hydrogen, an alkyl having 1 to 4 carbon atoms or a cycloalkyl having 5 to 10 carbon atoms, where R 1 and R 2 are the same, and R 3 and R are R. 4 is the same, and not all of R 1 to R 4 are hydrogen at the same time, and when m is 1 or 2 and m is 2, the group formed by the azoline ring and L. Are the same.
- azoline derivative examples include the following compounds.
- Me in the structural formula represents methyl.
- ⁇ is a divalent group represented by the following formula ( ⁇ 2-1), formula ( ⁇ 2-31), formula ( ⁇ 2-32), formula ( ⁇ 2-33) and formula ( ⁇ 2-34). Selected from the group consisting of, at least one hydrogen of ⁇ may be substituted with an aryl having 6 to 18 carbon atoms. In the following formula, * indicates the bonding position.
- L is a divalent group of a ring selected from the group consisting of benzene, pyridine, pyrazine, pyrimidine, pyridazine, and triazine, and at least one hydrogen of L is an alkyl having 1 to 4 carbon atoms and 5 to 5 carbon atoms. It may be substituted with 10 cycloalkyl, an aryl having 6 to 10 carbon atoms or a heteroaryl having 2 to 14 carbon atoms.
- Ar in> N-Ar as Y is selected from the group consisting of phenyl, pyridinyl, pyrazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyridadinyl, and triazinyl, and at least one hydrogen of the Ar is an alkyl having 1 to 4 carbon atoms and 5 to 5 carbon atoms. It may be substituted with 10 cycloalkyl or an aryl with 6 to 10 carbon atoms.
- R 1 to R 4 are independently hydrogen, an alkyl having 1 to 4 carbon atoms or a cycloalkyl having 5 to 10 carbon atoms, whereas R 1 and R 2 are the same, and R 3 and R 4 are the same.
- R1 to R4 become hydrogen at the same time, and m is 2, and the groups formed by the azoline ring and L are the same.
- azoline derivative examples include, for example, the following compounds.
- Me in the structural formula represents methyl.
- This azoline derivative can be produced by using a known raw material and a known synthesis method.
- the electron transport layer or the electron injection layer may further contain a substance capable of reducing the material forming the electron transport layer or the electron injection layer.
- a substance capable of reducing the material forming the electron transport layer or the electron injection layer various substances are used as long as they have a certain reducing property.
- alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, rare earth metal, alkali metal oxide, alkali metal halide, alkali From the group consisting of earth metal oxides, alkaline earth metal halides, rare earth metal oxides, rare earth metal halides, alkali metal organic complexes, alkaline earth metal organic complexes and rare earth metal organic complexes. At least one selected can be preferably used.
- Preferred reducing substances include alkali metals such as Na (work function 2.36 eV), K (2.28 eV), Rb (2.16 eV) or Cs (1.95 eV), and Ca (2.15 eV). Examples thereof include alkaline earth metals such as 9 eV), Sr (2.0 to 2.5 eV) and Ba (2.52 eV), and a substance having a work function of 2.9 eV or less is particularly preferable.
- the more preferable reducing substance is an alkali metal of K, Rb or Cs, more preferably Rb or Cs, and most preferably Cs.
- alkali metals have a particularly high reducing ability, and by adding a relatively small amount to the material forming the electron transport layer or the electron injection layer, the emission brightness and the life of the organic EL device can be improved.
- a combination of these two or more kinds of alkali metals is also preferable, and in particular, a combination containing Cs, for example, Cs and Na, Cs and K, Cs and Rb, or A combination of Cs, Na and K is preferred.
- Cs for example, Cs and Na, Cs and K, Cs and Rb, or A combination of Cs, Na and K is preferred.
- the above-mentioned materials for the electron injection layer and the electron transport layer are polymer compounds obtained by polymerizing a reactive compound in which a reactive substituent is substituted as a monomer, or a polymer crosslinked product thereof, or a main chain.
- a pendant type polymer compound obtained by reacting a type polymer with the above-mentioned reactive compound, or a pendant type polymer crosslinked product thereof can also be used as a material for an electronic layer.
- the reactive substituent in this case, the description of a polycyclic aromatic compound consisting of a partial structure represented by the formula (1A) and a partial structure represented by at least two formulas (1B) can be cited. Details of the uses of such polymer compounds and crosslinked polymers will be described later.
- the cathode and cathode 108 in the organic electroluminescent element serves to inject electrons into the light emitting layer 105 via the electron injection layer 107 and the electron transport layer 106.
- the material for forming the cathode 108 is not particularly limited as long as it is a substance capable of efficiently injecting electrons into the organic layer, but the same material as the material for forming the anode 102 can be used.
- metals such as tin, indium, calcium, aluminum, silver, copper, nickel, chromium, gold, platinum, iron, zinc, lithium, sodium, potassium, cesium and magnesium or their alloys (magnesium-silver alloy, magnesium).
- -Indium alloy, aluminum such as lithium fluoride / aluminum-lithium alloy, etc.
- Alloys containing lithium, sodium, potassium, cesium, calcium, magnesium or these low work function metals are effective for increasing electron injection efficiency and improving device characteristics.
- metals such as platinum, gold, silver, copper, iron, tin, aluminum and indium for electrode protection, or alloys using these metals, and inorganic substances such as silica, titania and silicon nitride, polyvinyl alcohol, vinyl chloride.
- Laminating a hydrocarbon-based polymer compound or the like is given as a preferable example.
- the method for producing these electrodes is also not particularly limited as long as conduction can be obtained, such as resistance heating, electron beam deposition, sputtering, ion plating and coating.
- the materials used for the hole injection layer, the hole transport layer, the light emitting layer, the electron transport layer, and the electron injection layer which are higher than the binder that may be used in each layer, can form each layer independently.
- Solvent-soluble resins such as vinyl acetate resin, ABS resin and polyurethane resin, curable resins such as phenol resin, xylene resin, petroleum resin, urea resin, melamine resin, unsaturated polyester resin, alkyd resin, epoxy resin and silicone resin. It is also possible to disperse and use it.
- the material to be formed of each layer is vapor-filmed, resistance-heated vapor-deposited, electron beam vapor-deposited, sputtering, molecular lamination method, printing method, spin-coating method or casting method. It can be formed by forming a thin film by a method such as a coating method.
- the film thickness of each layer thus formed is not particularly limited and can be appropriately set according to the properties of the material, but is usually in the range of 2 nm to 5000 nm. The film thickness can usually be measured by a crystal oscillation type film thickness measuring device or the like.
- the thin film conditions differ depending on the type of material, the target crystal structure and association structure of the film, and the like.
- the vapor deposition conditions are generally: boat heating temperature +50 to + 400 ° C., vacuum degree 10-6 to 10-3 Pa, vapor deposition rate 0.01 to 50 nm / sec, substrate temperature -150 to + 300 ° C., film thickness 2 nm to 5 ⁇ m. It is preferable to set appropriately within the range.
- the anode When a DC voltage is applied to the organic EL element thus obtained, the anode may be applied as a + and the cathode as a negative polarity, and when a voltage of about 2 to 40 V is applied, a transparent or translucent electrode may be applied. Light emission can be observed from the side (anode or cathode, or both).
- the organic EL element also emits light when a pulse current or an alternating current is applied.
- the waveform of the alternating current to be applied may be arbitrary.
- an organic EL element composed of an anode / a hole injection layer / a hole transport layer / a light emitting layer composed of a host material and a dopant material / an electron transport layer / an electron injection layer / a cathode.
- the manufacturing method of the above will be described.
- a thin film of an anode material is formed on an appropriate substrate by a vapor deposition method or the like to prepare an anode, and then a thin film of a hole injection layer and a hole transport layer is formed on the anode.
- a host material and a dopant material are co-deposited on this to form a thin film to form a light emitting layer, an electron transport layer and an electron injection layer are formed on the light emitting layer, and a thin film made of a cathode material is formed by a vapor deposition method or the like.
- the organic EL device it is also possible to reverse the production order and manufacture the cathode, the electron injection layer, the electron transport layer, the light emitting layer, the hole transport layer, the hole injection layer, and the anode in this order. Is.
- the wet film forming method is carried out by preparing a small molecule compound capable of forming each organic layer of an organic EL device as a liquid organic layer forming composition and using the same. If there is no suitable organic solvent to dissolve this low molecular weight compound, it is highly compatible with other monomers having a soluble function as a reactive compound in which the low molecular weight compound is substituted with a reactive substituent and a main chain type polymer.
- a composition for forming an organic layer may be prepared from a molecularized polymer compound or the like.
- a coating film is generally formed by a coating step of applying an organic layer forming composition to a substrate and a drying step of removing a solvent from the applied organic layer forming composition.
- the polymer compound has a crosslinkable substituent (also referred to as a crosslinkable polymer compound)
- it is further crosslinked by this drying step to form a crosslinked polymer.
- the method using a spin coater is the spin coat method
- the method using the slit coater is the slit coat method
- the method using the plate is gravure, offset, reverse offset, the flexo printing method
- the method using the inkjet printer is the inkjet method.
- the method of spraying in the form of a mist is called the spray method.
- the bank (200) is provided on the electrode (120) on the substrate (110).
- the coating film (130) can be produced by dropping ink droplets (310) between the banks (200) from the inkjet head (300) and drying the ink droplets (310).
- the next coating film (140) and further to the light emitting layer (150) By repeating this process to prepare the next coating film (140) and further to the light emitting layer (150), and forming an electron transport layer, an electron injection layer and an electrode by a vacuum vapor deposition method, the light emitting part is separated by a bank material. It is possible to manufacture an organic EL element.
- the drying process includes methods such as air drying, heating, and vacuum drying.
- the drying step may be performed only once, or may be performed a plurality of times using different methods and conditions. Further, different methods may be used in combination, for example, firing under reduced pressure.
- the wet film forming method is a film forming method using a solution, and is, for example, a partial printing method (inkjet method), a spin coating method or a casting method, a coating method, or the like.
- the wet film deposition method does not require the use of an expensive vacuum vapor deposition apparatus and can form a film under atmospheric pressure.
- the wet film forming method enables a large area and continuous production, which leads to a reduction in manufacturing cost.
- the wet film deposition method may be difficult to stack.
- the laminated film is prepared by the wet film forming method, it is necessary to prevent the lower layer from being dissolved by the composition of the upper layer, and the composition having controlled solubility, the cross-linking of the lower layer and the orthogonal solvent (Orthogonal solvent) are dissolved in each other. No solvent) etc. are used.
- the wet film forming method it may be difficult to use the wet film forming method for coating all the films.
- an organic EL element is manufactured by a wet film forming method for only a few layers and a vacuum vapor deposition method for the rest.
- the electron transport layer and the electron injection layer may also be formed by a wet film forming method using a layer forming composition containing a material for the electron transport layer and a material for the electron injection layer, respectively.
- a means for preventing the dissolution of the light emitting layer of the lower layer or a means for forming a film from the cathode side, which is the opposite of the above procedure.
- a laser heating drawing method can be used to form a film of the composition for forming an organic layer.
- LITI is a method in which a compound adhered to a substrate is heated and vapor-deposited by a laser, and an organic layer forming composition can be used as a material to be applied to the substrate.
- ⁇ Arbitrary process> Appropriate treatment steps, cleaning steps, and drying steps may be appropriately added before and after each step of film formation.
- the treatment step include exposure treatment, plasma surface treatment, ultrasonic treatment, ozone treatment, cleaning treatment using an appropriate solvent, heat treatment and the like. Further, a series of steps for forming a bank can be mentioned.
- Photolithography technology can be used to create the bank.
- a positive resist material and a negative resist material can be used.
- a patternable printing method such as an inkjet method, a gravure offset printing, a reverse offset printing, and a screen printing can also be used.
- a permanent resist material can also be used.
- Materials used for banks include polysaccharides and derivatives thereof, homopolymers and copolymers of ethylenically monomer having hydroxyl, biopolymer compounds, polyacryloyl compounds, polyesters, polystyrenes, polyimides, polyamideimides, and polyetherimides.
- composition for forming an organic layer used in a wet film forming method is obtained by dissolving a low molecular weight compound capable of forming each organic layer of an organic EL element or a high molecular weight compound obtained by polymerizing the low molecular weight compound in an organic solvent.
- the composition for forming a light emitting layer includes a polycyclic aromatic compound (or a polymer compound thereof) which is at least one dopant material as a first component, at least one host material as a second component, and a third component. It contains at least one organic solvent as a component.
- the first component functions as a dopant component of the light emitting layer obtained from the composition
- the second component functions as a host component of the light emitting layer.
- the third component functions as a solvent for dissolving the first component and the second component in the composition, and at the time of application, the third component itself gives a smooth and uniform surface shape by the controlled evaporation rate of the third component itself.
- the composition for forming an organic layer contains at least one kind of organic solvent.
- By controlling the evaporation rate of the organic solvent at the time of film formation it is possible to control and improve the film forming property, the presence or absence of defects in the coating film, the surface roughness, and the smoothness. Further, during the film formation using the inkjet method, the meniscus stability in the pinhole of the inkjet head can be controlled, and the ejection property can be controlled and improved.
- the drying rate of the film and the orientation of the derivative molecule the electrical characteristics, light emission characteristics, efficiency, and life of the organic EL device having the organic layer obtained from the composition for forming the organic layer can be improved. Can be done.
- the boiling point of at least one organic solvent is 130 ° C. to 300 ° C., more preferably 140 ° C. to 270 ° C., and even more preferably 150 ° C. to 250 ° C.
- the organic solvent is more preferably configured to contain two or more kinds of organic solvents from the viewpoint of good inkjet ejection property, film forming property, smoothness and low residual solvent.
- the composition may be in a solid state by removing the solvent from the composition for forming an organic layer in consideration of transportability and the like.
- the organic solvent contains a good solvent (GS) and a poor solvent (PS) for at least one of the solutes, and the boiling point (BP GS ) of the good solvent (GS) is higher than the boiling point (BP PS ) of the poor solvent (PS). Also low, configuration is particularly preferred.
- the poor solvent having a high boiling point the good solvent having a low boiling point volatilizes first at the time of film formation, and the concentration of the content in the composition and the concentration of the poor solvent increase, and rapid film formation is promoted. As a result, a coating film having few defects, a small surface roughness, and high smoothness can be obtained.
- the difference in solubility is preferably 1% or more, more preferably 3% or more, still more preferably 5% or more.
- the difference in boiling points is preferably 10 ° C. or higher, more preferably 30 ° C. or higher, and even more preferably 50 ° C. or higher.
- the organic solvent is removed from the coating film by a drying process such as vacuum, reduced pressure, and heating after the film formation.
- a drying process such as vacuum, reduced pressure, and heating after the film formation.
- heating it is preferable to perform heating at a glass transition temperature (Tg) of at least one of the solutes + 30 ° C. or lower from the viewpoint of improving the coating film-forming property.
- Tg glass transition temperature
- the drying may be performed a plurality of times at different temperatures, or a plurality of drying methods may be used in combination.
- Examples of the organic solvent used in the composition for forming an organic layer include an alkylbenzene-based solvent, a phenyl ether-based solvent, an alkyl ether-based solvent, a cyclic ketone-based solvent, an aliphatic ketone-based solvent, and monocyclic. Examples thereof include a ketone solvent, a solvent having a diester skeleton, and a fluorine-containing solvent.
- the composition for forming an organic layer may contain an arbitrary component as long as the properties are not impaired.
- the optional component include a binder, a surfactant and the like.
- Binder The composition for forming an organic layer may contain a binder.
- the binder forms a film at the time of film formation and joins the obtained film to the substrate. It also plays a role in dissolving, dispersing and binding other components in the composition for forming an organic layer.
- binder used in the composition for forming an organic layer examples include acrylic resin, polyethylene terephthalate, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer, acrylonitrile-ethylene-styrene copolymer (AES) resin, and the like.
- the binder used in the composition for forming an organic layer may be only one kind or a mixture of a plurality of kinds.
- the composition for forming an organic layer contains, for example, a surfactant for controlling the film surface uniformity, the solvent-friendly solvent property and the liquid repellency of the film surface of the composition for forming an organic layer. May be good.
- Surfactants are classified into ionic and non-ionic based on the structure of the hydrophilic group, and further classified into alkyl-based, silicone-based and fluorine-based based on the structure of the hydrophobic group. Further, from the molecular structure, it is classified into a monomolecular system having a relatively small molecular weight and a simple structure and a polymer system having a large molecular weight and having side chains and branches.
- the composition is classified into a single system, a mixed system in which two or more kinds of surfactants and a base material are mixed, according to the composition.
- the surfactant that can be used in the composition for forming an organic layer all kinds of surfactants can be used.
- surfactant examples include Polyflow No. 45, Polyflow KL-245, Polyflow No. 75, Polyflow No. 90, Polyflow No. 95 (trade name, manufactured by Kyoeisha Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.), Disperbak 161, Disperbake 162, Disperbake 163, Disperbake 164, Disperbake 166, Disperbake 170, Disperbake 180, Disperbake 181 and Disper.
- the surfactant may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- composition and physical properties of the composition for forming an organic layer The content of each component in the composition for forming an organic layer is obtained from the good solubility, storage stability and film forming property of each component in the composition for forming an organic layer, and the composition for forming an organic layer. Good film quality of the coating film, good ejection property when the inkjet method is used, and good electrical characteristics, light emission characteristics, efficiency, and life of the organic EL element having an organic layer produced by using the composition. It is decided in consideration of the viewpoint of.
- the first component is 0.0001% by mass to 2.0% by mass with respect to the total mass of the composition for forming a light emitting layer
- the second component is for forming a light emitting layer. 0.0999% by mass to 8.0% by mass with respect to the total mass of the composition, and 90.0% by mass to 99.9% by mass with respect to the total mass of the composition for forming the light emitting layer as the third component. preferable.
- the first component is 0.005% by mass to 1.0% by mass with respect to the total mass of the light emitting layer forming composition
- the second component is based on the total mass of the light emitting layer forming composition. It is 0.095% by mass to 4.0% by mass
- the third component is 95.0% by mass to 99.9% by mass with respect to the total mass of the composition for forming a light emitting layer.
- the first component is 0.05% by mass to 0.5% by mass with respect to the total mass of the light emitting layer forming composition
- the second component is based on the total mass of the light emitting layer forming composition.
- the third component is 0.25% by mass to 2.5% by mass
- the third component is 97.0% by mass to 99.7% by mass with respect to the total mass of the composition for forming a light emitting layer.
- the composition for forming an organic layer can be produced by appropriately selecting the above-mentioned components by a known method such as stirring, mixing, heating, cooling, dissolving, and dispersing. Further, after the preparation, filtration, degassing (also referred to as degas), ion exchange treatment, inert gas substitution / encapsulation treatment and the like may be appropriately selected.
- the viscosity of the composition for forming an organic layer is preferably 0.3 to 3 mPa ⁇ s at 25 ° C., and more preferably 1 to 3 mPa ⁇ s.
- the viscosity is a value measured using a conical flat plate type rotational viscometer (cone plate type).
- the organic layer forming composition preferably has a surface tension of 20 to 40 mN / m at 25 ° C., and more preferably 20 to 30 mN / m.
- the surface tension is a value measured by using the suspension method.
- ⁇ Crosslinkable polymer compound compound represented by the formula (XLP-1)>
- a crosslinkable polymer compound is, for example, a compound represented by the following formula (XLP-1).
- MUx, ECx and k have the same definition as MU, EC and k in formula (H3), provided that the compound represented by formula (XLP-1) has at least one crosslinkable substituent (XLS).
- XLS crosslinkable substituent
- the content of the monovalent or divalent aromatic group having a crosslinkable substituent is 0.1 to 80% by mass in the molecule.
- the content of the monovalent or divalent aromatic group having a crosslinkable substituent is preferably 0.5 to 50% by mass, more preferably 1 to 20% by mass in the molecule.
- crosslinkable substituent is not particularly limited as long as it is a group capable of further crosslinking the above-mentioned polymer compound, but a substituent having the following structure is preferable. * In each structural formula indicates the bonding position.
- substituents it is represented by the formula (XLS-1), the formula (XLS-2), the formula (XLS-3), the formula (XLS-9), the formula (XLS-10) or the formula (XLS-17).
- the group is preferable, and the group represented by the formula (XLS-1), the formula (XLS-3) or the formula (XLS-17) is more preferable.
- divalent aromatic compound having a crosslinkable substituent examples include a compound having the following partial structure.
- Examples of the solvent used in the reaction include aromatic solvents, saturated / unsaturated hydrocarbon solvents, alcohol solvents, ether solvents and the like, and examples thereof include dimethoxyethane, 2- (2-methoxyethoxy) ethane, and 2- (2). -Ethoxyethoxy) ethane and the like.
- reaction may be carried out in a two-phase system.
- a phase transfer catalyst such as a quaternary ammonium salt may be added, if necessary.
- the compound of the formula (H3) and the compound of (XLP-1) may be produced in one step or may be manufactured in multiple steps. Further, it may be carried out by a batch polymerization method in which the reaction is started after all the raw materials are put in the reaction vessel, or it may be carried out by a dropping polymerization method in which the raw materials are dropped and added to the reaction vessel, and the product advances the reaction. It may be carried out by a precipitation polymerization method in which precipitation is accompanied, and these can be combined and synthesized as appropriate.
- a monomer having a polymerizable group bonded to a monomer unit (MU) and a monomer having a polymerizable group bonded to an end cap unit (EC) are used as a reaction vessel.
- the target product is obtained by carrying out the reaction in the state of being added to.
- a monomer having a polymerizable group bonded to a monomer unit (MU) is polymerized to a target molecular weight, and then the monomer unit (EC) is polymerizable.
- the desired product is obtained by adding a monomer to which a group is bonded and reacting.
- a polymer having a concentration gradient with respect to the structure of the monomer unit can be produced. Further, after preparing the precursor polymer, the target polymer can be obtained by a post-reaction.
- the primary structure of the polymer can be controlled by selecting the polymerizable group of the monomer. For example, as shown in 1 to 3 of the synthesis scheme, it is possible to synthesize a polymer having a random primary structure (synthesis scheme 1), a polymer having a regular primary structure (synthesis schemes 2 and 3), and the like. Therefore, it can be used in combination as appropriate according to the target product. Furthermore, hyperbranched polymers and dendrimers can be synthesized by using a monomer having three or more polymerizable groups.
- Examples of the monomers that can be used in the present invention include Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2010-189630, International Publication No. 2012/086671, International Publication No. 2013/1191088, International Publication No. 2002/045184, International Publication No. 2011/094241. , International Publication No. 2013/146806, International Publication No. 2005/0495446, International Publication No. 2015/145871, JP-A-2010-215886, JP-A-2008-106241, JP-A-2010-215886, International Publication No. It can be synthesized according to the methods described in 2016/031639, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2011-174062, International Publication No. 2016/031639, International Publication No. 2016/031639, and International Publication No. 2002/045184.
- Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2012-036388 International Publication No. 2015/008851, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2012-36381, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2012-144722, International Publication No. 2015/194448.
- International Publication No. 2013/146806 International Publication No. 2015/145871, International Publication No. 2016/031639, International Publication No. 2016/125560, International Publication No. 2016/031639, International Publication No. 2016/031639, International It can be synthesized according to the methods described in Publication No. 2016/125560, International Publication No. 2015/145871, International Publication No. 2011/049421 and JP-A-2012-144722.
- a display device or a lighting device provided with an organic EL element can be manufactured by a known method such as connecting an organic EL element according to the present embodiment to a known drive device, and can be manufactured by a known method such as DC drive, pulse drive, AC drive, or the like. It can be driven by using a known driving method as appropriate.
- Examples of the display device include a panel display such as a color flat panel display and a flexible display such as a flexible color organic electroluminescent (EL) display (for example, JP-A-10-335066, JP-A-2003-321546). See Japanese Patent Publication No. 2004-281086, etc.).
- examples of the display method of the display include a matrix and / or a segment method. The matrix display and the segment display may coexist in the same panel.
- pixels for display are arranged two-dimensionally such as in a grid pattern or a mosaic pattern, and characters and images are displayed as a set of pixels.
- the shape and size of the pixels are determined by the application. For example, for displaying images and characters on a personal computer, monitor, or television, quadrangular pixels with a side of 300 ⁇ m or less are usually used, and in the case of a large display such as a display panel, pixels with a side on the order of mm should be used. become.
- pixels of the same color may be arranged, but in the case of color display, red, green, and blue pixels are displayed side by side. In this case, there are typically a delta type and a stripe type.
- a line sequential driving method or an active matrix may be used as the driving method of this matrix.
- the line sequential drive has the advantage that the structure is simpler, but when considering the operating characteristics, the active matrix may be superior, so it is also necessary to use it properly depending on the application.
- a pattern is formed so as to display predetermined information, and a predetermined area is made to emit light.
- a time and temperature display in a digital clock or a thermometer an operating state display of an audio device or an electromagnetic cooker, a panel display of an automobile, and the like can be mentioned.
- the lighting device examples include a lighting device such as an indoor lighting device, a backlight of a liquid crystal display device, and the like (for example, JP-A-2003-257621, JP-A-2003-277471, JP-A-2004-119211). Etc.).
- the backlight is mainly used for the purpose of improving the visibility of a display device that does not emit light by itself, and is used for a liquid crystal display device, a clock, an audio device, an automobile panel, a display board, a sign, and the like.
- the present embodiment is considered to be difficult to thin because the conventional method consists of a fluorescent lamp and a light guide plate.
- the backlight using the light emitting element according to the above is characterized by being thin and lightweight.
- the polycyclic aromatic compound according to the present invention can be used for producing an organic field effect transistor, an organic thin film solar cell, or the like, in addition to the above-mentioned organic field light emitting device.
- the organic field effect transistor is a transistor that controls the current by the electric field generated by the voltage input, and is provided with a gate electrode in addition to the source electrode and the drain electrode. When a voltage is applied to the gate electrode, an electric field is generated, and the flow of electrons (or holes) flowing between the source electrode and the drain electrode can be arbitrarily dammed to control the current.
- the field effect transistor is easier to miniaturize than a simple transistor (bipolar transistor), and is often used as an element constituting an integrated circuit or the like.
- the structure of the organic field effect transistor is usually provided with a source electrode and a drain electrode in contact with the organic semiconductor active layer formed by using the polycyclic aromatic compound according to the present invention, and further in contact with the organic semiconductor active layer. It suffices if the gate electrode is provided so as to sandwich the insulating layer (dielectric layer). Examples of the element structure include the following structures.
- Substrate / Gate electrode / Insulator layer / Source electrode / Drain electrode / Organic semiconductor active layer (2) Substrate / Gate electrode / Insulator layer / Organic semiconductor active layer / Source electrode / Drain electrode (3) Substrate / Organic Semiconductor active layer / source electrode / drain electrode / insulator layer / gate electrode (4) Substrate / source electrode / drain electrode / organic semiconductor active layer / insulator layer / gate electrode It can be applied as a pixel-driven switching element of an active matrix-driven liquid crystal display or an organic electroluminescence display.
- the organic thin-film solar cell has a structure in which an anode such as ITO, a hole transport layer, a photoelectric conversion layer, an electron transport layer, and a cathode are laminated on a transparent substrate such as glass.
- the photoelectric conversion layer has a p-type semiconductor layer on the anode side and an n-type semiconductor layer on the cathode side.
- the polycyclic aromatic compound according to the present invention can be used as a material for a hole transport layer, a p-type semiconductor layer, an n-type semiconductor layer, and an electron transport layer, depending on its physical characteristics.
- the polycyclic aromatic compound according to the present invention can function as a hole transport material or an electron transport material in an organic thin film solar cell.
- the organic thin film solar cell may appropriately include a hole block layer, an electron block layer, an electron injection layer, a hole injection layer, a smoothing layer, and the like.
- known materials used for the organic thin-film solar cell can be appropriately selected and used in combination.
- the polycyclic aromatic compound of the present invention can be used as a wavelength conversion material.
- the color conversion means converting the light emitted from the light emitter into light having a longer wavelength, for example, converting ultraviolet light or blue light into green light or red light.
- a wavelength conversion material having this color conversion function into a film and combining it with, for example, a blue light source, it is possible to extract the three primary colors of blue, green, and red from the blue light source, that is, to extract white light.
- a white light source that combines such a blue light source and a wavelength conversion film having a color conversion function is used as a light source unit, and a full-color display can be manufactured by combining the liquid crystal driving portion and a color filter. Further, if there is no liquid crystal drive portion, it can be used as it is as a white light source, and can be applied as a white light source such as LED lighting. Further, by using a blue organic EL element as a light source and using it in combination with a wavelength conversion film that converts blue light into green light and red light, it is possible to manufacture a full-color organic EL display without using a metal mask. Further, by using a blue micro LED as a light source and using it in combination with a wavelength conversion film that converts blue light into green light and red light, it is possible to manufacture a low-cost full-color micro LED display.
- the polycyclic aromatic compound of the present invention can be used as this wavelength conversion material.
- a display device a display device using an organic EL element
- a display device can display light from a light source or a light emitting element that generates ultraviolet light or blue light having a shorter wavelength. It can be converted into blue light or green light with high color purity suitable for use in liquid crystal displays).
- the color to be converted can be adjusted by appropriately selecting a substituent of the polycyclic aromatic compound of the present invention, a binder resin used in the wavelength conversion composition described later, and the like.
- the wavelength conversion material can be prepared as a wavelength conversion composition containing the polycyclic aromatic compound of the present invention. Further, a wavelength conversion film may be formed by using this wavelength conversion composition.
- the wavelength conversion composition may contain a binder resin, other additives, and a solvent in addition to the polycyclic aromatic compound of the present invention.
- a binder resin for example, those described in paragraphs 0173 to 0176 of International Publication No. 2016/190283 can be used.
- other additives the compounds described in paragraphs 0177 to 0181 of International Publication No. 2016/190283 can be used.
- the solvent the description of the solvent contained in the above-mentioned composition for forming a light emitting layer can be referred to.
- the wavelength conversion film includes a wavelength conversion layer formed by curing the wavelength conversion composition.
- a method for producing a wavelength conversion layer from a wavelength conversion composition a known film forming method can be referred to.
- the wavelength conversion film may consist only of a wavelength conversion layer formed from the composition containing the polycyclic aromatic compound of the present invention, and may convert other wavelength conversion layers (for example, blue light into green light or red light). It may include a wavelength conversion layer, a wavelength conversion layer that converts blue light or green light into red light). Further, the wavelength conversion film may include a base material layer and a barrier layer for preventing deterioration of the color conversion layer due to oxygen, moisture, or heat.
- the obtained crude product was washed in the order of acetonitrile, methanol, and toluene, purified by a silica gel column (eluent: toluene), and the crude product was recrystallized twice with o-dichlorobenzene to form a compound (vi-). 25) was obtained (0.15 g).
- Synthesis example (17) Synthesis of compound (v-19-27) (Alternative method 1) A 1.53 M tert-butyllithium pentane solution (5) in a flask containing the intermediate (Int2-v-19-27) (2.0 g) and tert-butylbenzene (20 ml) at 0 ° C. under a nitrogen atmosphere. .0 ml) was added. After completion of the dropping, the mixture was stirred at 0 ° C. for 0.5 hours, and then components having a boiling point lower than that of tert-butylbenzene were distilled off under reduced pressure.
- the mixture was cooled to ⁇ 50 ° C., boron tribromide (2.0 g) was added, the temperature was raised to room temperature, and the mixture was stirred for 0.5 hours. Then, the mixture was cooled to 0 ° C. again, N, N-diisopropylethylamine (0.5 g) was added, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature until the exotherm subsided, then the temperature was raised to 100 ° C. and the mixture was heated and stirred for 1 hour. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature, an aqueous sodium acetate solution cooled in an ice bath, and then ethyl acetate were added, and the mixture was stirred for 1 hour.
- Synthesis example (18) Synthesis of compound (v-19-27) (Alternative method 2)
- the compound (v-19-) was prepared in the same procedure as the synthesis method described in Synthesis Example (19) except that the intermediate (Int2-v-19-27) was changed to the intermediate (Int3-v-19-27). 27) was obtained (0.43 g).
- Synthesis example (22) Synthesis of compound (v-19-27) (alternative method 3)
- Compound (v-19-1) was obtained by the same procedure as in Synthesis Example (25) except that the intermediate (Int2-v-118-2) was changed to the intermediate (Int2-v-19-1). 0.01g). Compound (v-19-1) was confirmed by NMR.
- the evaluation of the basic physical properties of the compound of the present invention and the production and evaluation of an organic EL device using the compound of the present invention will be described.
- the application of the compound of the present invention is not limited to the examples shown below, and the film thickness and constituent materials of each layer can be appropriately changed depending on the basic physical properties of the compound of the present invention.
- NPD N, N'-diphenyl-N, N'-dinaphthyl-4,4'-diaminobiphenyl
- TcTa is a 4,4', 4 "-tris (N-carbazolyl) triphenylamine
- MCP 1,3-bis (N-carbazolyl) benzene
- 2CzBN 3,4-dicarbazolylbenzonitrile
- BPy-TP2 2,7-di ([2,2'-bipyridine] -5-yl) triphenylene.
- the compound (v-19-1), RBD-1, RBD-2, and RBD-3 are each dissolved in toluene together with PMMA (polymethylmethacrylate) so as to be 1 wt%, and then quartz is obtained by a spin coating method.
- a thin film was formed on a transparent support substrate (10 mm ⁇ 10 mm) made of China to prepare a PMMA dispersion film.
- Photoluminescence was measured by excitation at room temperature at a wavelength of 280 nm. Further, the fluorescence lifetime was measured at 300 K using a fluorescence lifetime measuring device (C11367-01, manufactured by Hamamatsu Photonics Co., Ltd.).
- a light emitting component having a fast fluorescence lifetime and a light emitting component having a slow fluorescence lifetime were observed at the maximum emission wavelength measured at an excitation wavelength of 280 nm.
- fluorescence lifetime measurement of a general organic EL material that emits fluorescence at room temperature it is not possible to observe a slow emission component involving the triplet component derived from phosphorescence due to the deactivation of the triplet component due to heat. rare.
- a slow emission component is observed in the compound to be evaluated, it indicates that the triplet energy having a long excitation lifetime is transferred to the singlet energy by thermal activation and observed as delayed fluorescence. The results are shown in Table 2.
- ⁇ Structure A Element using compound (v-19-1) as a dopant> A 26 mm ⁇ 28 mm ⁇ 0.7 mm glass substrate (manufactured by Optoscience Co., Ltd.) obtained by polishing ITO formed to a thickness of 200 nm by sputtering to 50 nm was used as a transparent support substrate. This transparent support substrate is fixed to a substrate holder of a commercially available thin-film deposition device (manufactured by Showa Vacuum Co., Ltd.), and NPD, TcTa, mCP, BH-1, compound (v-19-1), 2CzBN and BPy-TP2 are used, respectively. A molybdenum vapor deposition boat containing molybdenum and a tungsten vapor deposition boat containing LiF and aluminum were installed.
- the following layers were sequentially formed on the ITO film of the transparent support substrate.
- the vacuum chamber was depressurized to 5 ⁇ 10 -4 Pa, and first, the NPD was heated and vapor-deposited to a film thickness of 40 nm to form a hole injection layer.
- TcTa was heated and vapor-deposited to a film thickness of 15 nm to form a hole transport layer.
- the mCP was heated and vapor-deposited to a film thickness of 15 nm to form an electron blocking layer.
- BH-1 and the compound (v-19-1) were simultaneously heated and vapor-deposited to a film thickness of 20 nm to form a light emitting layer.
- the deposition rate was adjusted so that the mass ratio of BH-1 to the compound (v-19-1) was approximately 99: 1.
- 2CzBN was heated and vapor-filmed to a film thickness of 10 nm
- BPy-TP2 was heated and vapor-filmed to a film thickness of 20 nm to form an electron transport layer composed of two layers.
- the vapor deposition rate of each layer was 0.01 to 1 nm / sec.
- LiF is heated and vapor-deposited to a film thickness of 1 nm at a vapor deposition rate of 0.01 to 0.1 nm / sec, and then aluminum is heated to be vapor-deposited to a film thickness of 100 nm to form a cathode.
- an organic EL element was obtained.
- the vapor deposition rate of aluminum was adjusted to 1 to 10 nm / sec.
- Example 1 since the TADF property of the compound was high (Tau (delay) was small), a longer life was obtained as compared with Comparative Example 1.
- the compound RBD-2 differed in the emission wavelength of the device (Reference Example 1) from the evaluation result of the dispersion film. It is considered that the host is emitting light in the element. It is considered that the reason is that decomposition occurred during vapor deposition due to the large molecular weight of the compound.
- Comparing Example 1 and Comparative Example 2 the compound having a similar skeleton having one or two partial structures represented by the formula (1B) is a compound having two partial structures represented by the formula (1B). It can be seen that higher TADF properties are obtained in. As for the device characteristics, the one using the compound having high TADF property (v-19-1) had higher efficiency and longer life.
- ⁇ Structure B Element using compound (v-19-1) as a dopant>
- a 26 mm ⁇ 28 mm ⁇ 0.7 mm glass substrate obtained by polishing ITO formed to a thickness of 200 nm by sputtering to 50 nm was used as a transparent support substrate.
- This transparent support substrate is fixed to a substrate holder of a commercially available thin-film deposition device (manufactured by Showa Vacuum Co., Ltd.), and NPD, TcTa, mCP, BH-2, compound (v-19-1), 2CzBN and BPy-TP2 are used, respectively.
- a molybdenum vapor deposition boat containing molybdenum and a tungsten vapor deposition boat containing LiF and aluminum were installed.
- the following layers were sequentially formed on the ITO film of the transparent support substrate.
- the vacuum chamber was depressurized to 5 ⁇ 10 -4 Pa, and first, the NPD was heated and vapor-deposited to a film thickness of 40 nm to form a hole injection layer.
- TcTa was heated and vapor-deposited to a film thickness of 15 nm to form a hole transport layer.
- the mCP was heated and vapor-deposited to a film thickness of 15 nm to form an electron blocking layer.
- BH-2 and the compound (v-19-1) were simultaneously heated and vapor-deposited to a film thickness of 20 nm to form a light emitting layer.
- the deposition rate was adjusted so that the mass ratio of BH-1 to the compound (v-19-1) was approximately 99: 1.
- 2CzBN was heated and vapor-filmed to a film thickness of 10 nm
- BPy-TP2 was heated and vapor-filmed to a film thickness of 20 nm to form an electron transport layer composed of two layers.
- the vapor deposition rate of each layer was 0.01 to 1 nm / sec.
- LiF is heated and vapor-deposited to a film thickness of 1 nm at a vapor deposition rate of 0.01 to 0.1 nm / sec, and then aluminum is heated to be vapor-deposited to a film thickness of 100 nm to form a cathode.
- an organic EL element was obtained.
- the vapor deposition rate of aluminum was adjusted to 1 to 10 nm / sec.
- Me is methyl
- Bpin is pinacolatoboryl
- * is the connection point of each unit.
- XLP-101 was dissolved in xylene to prepare a 0.6 wt% XLP-101 solution.
- composition for forming a light emitting layer The composition for forming a light emitting layer according to Example F-1 can be prepared.
- the compounds used to prepare the composition are shown below.
- a composition for forming a light emitting layer is prepared by stirring the following components until a uniform solution is obtained.
- Compound (v-19-1) 0.04% by mass SPH-101 1.96% by mass Xylene 69.00 mass%
- the prepared composition for forming a light emitting layer is spin-coated on a glass substrate and dried by heating under reduced pressure to obtain a coating film having no film defects and excellent smoothness.
- Examples S-1 and S-2 show a method for manufacturing an organic EL device using a crosslinkable hole transport material
- Example S-3 shows a method for manufacturing an organic EL device using an orthogonal solvent system. .. In the organic EL element to be manufactured. The material composition of each layer is shown in Table 6.
- PEDOT PSS solution>
- a commercially available PEDOT: PSS solution (Clevios (TM) PVP AI4083, PEDOT: PSS aqueous dispersion, manufactured by Heraeus Holdings) is used.
- OTPD LT-N159, Luminescence Technology Corp.
- IK-2 photocationic polymerization initiator, manufactured by San-Apro
- PCz polyvinylcarbazole
- Example S-1> A PEDOT: PSS solution is spin-coated on a glass substrate on which ITO is vapor-deposited to a thickness of 150 nm and fired on a hot plate at 200 ° C. for 1 hour to form a PEDOT: PSS film having a film thickness of 40 nm (positive). Pore injection layer).
- the OTPD solution is then spin coated and dried on a hot plate at 80 ° C. for 10 minutes.
- An OTPD film insoluble in a solution having a film thickness of 30 nm is formed by exposing with an exposure machine at an exposure intensity of 100 mJ / cm 2 and firing on a hot plate at 100 ° C. for 1 hour (hole transport layer).
- the composition for forming a light emitting layer of Example F-1 is spin-coated and fired on a hot plate at 120 ° C. for 1 hour to form a light emitting layer having a film thickness of 20 nm.
- the produced multilayer film was fixed to a substrate holder of a commercially available thin-film deposition device (manufactured by Showa Vacuum Co., Ltd.), and a molybdenum vapor deposition boat containing ET1, a molybdenum vapor deposition boat containing LiF, and tungsten containing aluminum. Install a vapor deposition boat. After depressurizing the vacuum chamber to 5 ⁇ 10 -4 Pa, the vapor deposition boat containing ET1 is heated and vapor-deposited to a film thickness of 30 nm to form an electron transport layer. The vapor deposition rate when forming the electron transport layer is 1 nm / sec.
- the vapor deposition boat containing LiF is heated and vapor-deposited at a vapor deposition rate of 0.01 to 0.1 nm / sec so as to have a film thickness of 1 nm.
- the boat containing aluminum is heated and vapor-deposited to a film thickness of 100 nm to form a cathode. In this way, an organic EL element is obtained.
- the polycyclic aromatic compound of the present invention is useful as a material for organic devices, particularly as a material for a light emitting layer for forming a light emitting layer of an organic electroluminescent element.
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Abstract
Description
A環およびB環は、それぞれ独立して、置換されていてもよいアリール環または置換されていてもよいヘテロアリール環であり、
RXDは、置換されていてもよいアリール、置換されていてもよいヘテロアリール、置換されていてもよいアルキルまたは置換されていてもよいシクロアルキルであり、破線が-X-または単結合となってA環と結合していてもよく、
RXDは、破線が-X-、-X’-または単結合となってB環と結合していてもよく、
C環は、それぞれ独立して、置換されていてもよいアリール環または置換されていてもよいヘテロアリール環であり、破線が-X-または単結合となって式(1B)で表される部分構造が結合している環またはXと(*)の位置で結合していてもよく、
RXEは、置換されていてもよいアリール、置換されていてもよいヘテロアリール、置換されていてもよいアルキルまたは置換されていてもよいシクロアルキルであり、破線が-X-または単結合となって式(1B)で表される部分構造が結合している環またはXと(*)の位置で結合していてもよく、
RXEは、破線が-X-、-X’-または単結合となってC環と結合していてもよく、
式(1B)で表される部分構造は*の位置でA環、B環およびRXDならびに別の式(1B)で表される部分構造中のC環およびRXEからなる群より選択される1つにおけるアリール環またはヘテロアリール環の環構成原子に結合し、
Yは、それぞれ独立して、B、P、P=OまたはP=Sであり、
Xは、それぞれ独立して、>C(-R)2、>N-R、>O、>Si(-R)2>Sまたは>Seであり、
X’は、アリーレン、ヘテロアリーレン、またはアリーレンもしくはヘテロアリーレンと>C(-R)2、>N-R、>O、>Si(-R)2および>Sからなる群より選択される1つ以上との組み合わせからなる2価の連結基であり、
XおよびX’における前記>N-RのRは、水素、置換されていてもよいアリール、置換されていてもよいヘテロアリール、置換されていてもよいアルキル、置換されていてもよいシクロアルキルまたは(*)との結合手であり、XおよびX’における前記>C(-R)2および>Si(-R)2のRは、水素、置換されていてもよいアリール、置換されていてもよいアルキルまたは置換されていてもよいシクロアルキルであり、>C(-R)2および>Si(-R)2それぞれにおける2つのRは互いに結合して環を形成していてもよく、また、前記>N-R、前記>C(-R)2、および前記>Si(-R)2のRの少なくとも1つは連結基または単結合によりA環、B環、C環、RXD、またはRXEの少なくとも1つと結合していてもよく、
前記多環芳香族化合物におけるアリール環およびヘテロアリール環からなる群より選択される少なくとも1つは、少なくとも1つのシクロアルカンで縮合されていてもよく、当該シクロアルカンにおける少なくとも1つの水素は置換されていてもよく、当該シクロアルカンにおける少なくとも1つの-CH2-は-O-で置換されていてもよく、
前記多環芳香族化合物における少なくとも1つの水素は、重水素、シアノまたはハロゲンで置換されていてもよい。
RXEが置換されていてもよいアリールまたは置換されていてもよいヘテロアリールである、<1>に記載の多環芳香族化合物。
<3> 前記多環芳香族化合物は置換基を有していてもよい含窒素ヘテロアリール環を少なくとも1つ、A環、B環、C環、RXD、またはRXEとして含む、
<2>に記載の多環芳香族化合物。
<4> 式(1B)で表される部分構造を2つ含み、
一方の式(1B)で表される部分構造は、
*の位置でB環におけるアリール環またはヘテロアリール環の環構成原子に結合し、
(*)の位置でB環とC環とが-X-を介して結合するようにB環におけるアリール環またはヘテロアリール環の環構成原子に結合し、
(*)の位置でB環とRXEとが-X-を介して結合するように、B環におけるアリール環またはヘテロアリール環の環構成原子に結合し、
他方の式(1B)で表される部分構造は、
*の位置でRXDにおけるアリール環またはヘテロアリール環の環構成原子に結合し、
(*)の位置でRXDとC環とが-X-を介して結合するようにRXDにおけるアリール環またはヘテロアリール環の環構成原子に結合し、
(*)の位置でRXDとRXEとが-X-を介して結合するように、RXDにおけるアリール環またはヘテロアリール環の環構成原子に結合している、<2>または<3>に記載の多環芳香族化合物。
Yは、それぞれ独立して、B、P、P=OまたはP=Sであり、
Xは、それぞれ独立して、>C(-R)2、>N-R、>O、>Si(-R)2、>Sまたは>Seであり、前記>N-RのRは、置換されていてもよいアリール、置換されていてもよいヘテロアリール、置換されていてもよいアルキルまたは置換されていてもよいシクロアルキルであり、前記>C(-R)2および>Si(-R)2のRは、水素、置換されていてもよいアリール、置換されていてもよいアルキルまたは置換されていてもよいシクロアルキルであり、また連結基によって互いに結合していてもよく、また、前記>N-R、前記>C(-R)2、および前記>Si(-R)2のRの少なくとも1つは当該Rを含むXが直接結合するいずれかの炭素原子に隣接するZと連結基または単結合により結合していてもよく、
Zは、それぞれ独立して、-C(-RZ)=または-N=であり、隣り合う2つのZは、-C(-RZ)2-、-Si(-RZ)2-、-N(-RZ)-、-O-、-S-または-Se-に置き換えられてもよく、
RZは、それぞれ独立して、水素または置換基であり、RZのうちの隣接する基同士が結合して当該RZが結合する環と共にアリール環またはヘテロアリール環を形成していてもよく、形成された環は置換されていてもよく、
前記多環芳香族化合物におけるアリール環およびヘテロアリール環からなる群より選択される少なくとも1つは、少なくとも1つのシクロアルカンで縮合されていてもよく、当該シクロアルカンにおける少なくとも1つの水素は置換されていてもよく、当該シクロアルカンにおける少なくとも1つの-CH2-は-O-で置換されていてもよく、
前記多環芳香族化合物における少なくとも1つの水素は、重水素、シアノまたはハロゲンで置換されていてもよい。
いずれの式(1B)で表される部分構造においても、RXEは、破線が-X-または単結合となってC環と結合しており、
一方の式(1B)で表される部分構造は、
*の位置でB環におけるアリール環またはヘテロアリール環の環構成原子に結合し、
(*)の位置でB環とC環とが-X-を介して結合するようにB環におけるアリール環またはヘテロアリール環の環構成原子に結合しており、
他方の式(1B)で表される部分構造は、
*の位置でRXDにおけるアリール環またはヘテロアリール環の環構成原子に結合し、
(*)の位置でRXDとC環とが-X-を介して結合するようにRXDにおけるアリール環またはヘテロアリール環の環構成原子に結合している、
<2>または<3>に記載の多環芳香族化合物。
Yは、それぞれ独立して、B、P、P=OまたはP=Sであり、
Xは、それぞれ独立して、>C(-R)2、>N-R、>O、>Si(-R)2、>Sまたは>Seであり、前記>N-RのRは、置換されていてもよいアリール、置換されていてもよいヘテロアリール、置換されていてもよいアルキルまたは置換されていてもよいシクロアルキルであり、前記>C(-R)2および>Si(-R)2のRは、水素、置換されていてもよいアリール、置換されていてもよいアルキルまたは置換されていてもよいシクロアルキルであり、また連結基によって互いに結合していてもよく、また、前記>N-R、前記>C(-R)2、および前記>Si(-R)2のRの少なくとも1つは当該Rを含むXが直接結合するいずれかの炭素原子に隣接するZと連結基または単結合により結合していてもよく、
Zは、それぞれ独立して、-C(-RZ)=または-N=であり、隣り合う2つのZは、-C(-RZ)2-、-Si(-RZ)2-、-N(-RZ)-、-O-、-S-または-Se-に置き換えられてもよく、
RZは、それぞれ独立して、水素または置換基であり、RZのうちの隣接する基同士が結合して当該RZが結合する環と共にアリール環またはヘテロアリール環を形成していてもよく、形成された環は置換されていてもよく、
前記多環芳香族化合物におけるアリール環およびヘテロアリール環からなる群より選択される少なくとも1つは、少なくとも1つのシクロアルカンで縮合されていてもよく、当該シクロアルカンにおける少なくとも1つの水素は置換されていてもよく、当該シクロアルカンにおける少なくとも1つの-CH2-は-O-で置換されていてもよく、
前記多環芳香族化合物における少なくとも1つの水素は、重水素、シアノまたはハロゲンで置換されていてもよい。
Yは、それぞれ独立して、B、P、P=OまたはP=Sであり、
Xは、それぞれ独立して、>C(-R)2、>N-R、>O、>Si(-R)2、>Sまたは>Seであり、前記>N-RのRは、置換されていてもよいアリール、置換されていてもよいヘテロアリール、置換されていてもよいアルキルまたは置換されていてもよいシクロアルキルであり、前記>C(-R)2および>Si(-R)2のRは、水素、置換されていてもよいアリール、置換されていてもよいアルキルまたは置換されていてもよいシクロアルキルであり、また連結基によって互いに結合していてもよく、また、前記>N-R、前記>C(-R)2、および前記>Si(-R)2のRの少なくとも1つは当該Rを含むXが直接結合するいずれかの炭素原子に隣接するZと連結基または単結合により結合していてもよく、
Zは、それぞれ独立して、-C(-RZ)=または-N=であり、隣り合う2つのZは、-C(-RZ)2-、-Si(-RZ)2-、-N(-RZ)-、-O-、-S-または-Se-に置き換えられてもよく、少なくとも1つのZは-N=であり、
RZは、それぞれ独立して、水素または置換基であり、RZのうちの隣接する基同士が結合して当該RZが結合する環と共にアリール環またはヘテロアリール環を形成していてもよく、形成された環は置換されていてもよく、
前記多環芳香族化合物におけるアリール環およびヘテロアリール環からなる群より選択される少なくとも1つは、少なくとも1つのシクロアルカンで縮合されていてもよく、当該シクロアルカンにおける少なくとも1つの水素は置換されていてもよく、当該シクロアルカンにおける少なくとも1つの-CH2-は-O-で置換されていてもよく、
前記多環芳香族化合物における少なくとも1つの水素は、重水素、シアノまたはハロゲンで置換されていてもよい。
一方の式(1B)で表される部分構造において、RXEは、破線が-X-または単結合となってC環と結合しており、
*の位置でB環におけるアリール環またはヘテロアリール環の環構成原子に結合し、
(*)の位置でB環とC環とが-X-を介して結合するようにB環におけるアリール環またはヘテロアリール環の環構成原子に結合しており、
他方の式(1B)で表される部分構造は、
*の位置でRXDにおけるアリール環またはヘテロアリール環の環構成原子に結合し、
(*)の位置でRXDとC環とが-X-を介して結合するようにRXDにおけるアリール環またはヘテロアリール環の環構成原子に結合し、
(*)の位置でRXDとRXEとが-X-を介して結合するようにRXDにおけるアリール環またはヘテロアリール環の環構成原子に結合している、<2>または<3>に記載の多環芳香族化合物。
Yは、それぞれ独立して、B、P、P=OまたはP=Sであり、
Xは、それぞれ独立して、>C(-R)2、>N-R、>O、>Si(-R)2、>Sまたは>Seであり、ただし、少なくとも1つのXは、>Oまたは>Sであり、前記>N-RのRは、置換されていてもよいアリール、置換されていてもよいヘテロアリール、置換されていてもよいアルキルまたは置換されていてもよいシクロアルキルであり、前記>C(-R)2および>Si(-R)2のRは、水素、置換されていてもよいアリール、置換されていてもよいアルキルまたは置換されていてもよいシクロアルキルであり、>C(-R)2および>Si(-R)2それぞれにおける2つのRは互いに結合して環を形成していてもよく、また、前記>N-R、前記>C(-R)2、および前記>Si(-R)2のRの少なくとも1つは当該Rを含むXが直接結合するいずれかの炭素原子に隣接するZと連結基または単結合により結合していてもよく、
Zは、それぞれ独立して、-C(-RZ)=または-N=であり、隣り合う2つのZは、-C(-RZ)2-、-Si(-RZ)2-、-N(-RZ)-、-O-、-S-または-Se-に置き換えられてもよく、
RZは、それぞれ独立して、水素または置換基であり、RZのうちの隣接する基同士が結合して当該RZが結合する環と共にアリール環またはヘテロアリール環を形成していてもよく、形成された環は置換されていてもよく、
前記多環芳香族化合物におけるアリール環およびヘテロアリール環からなる群より選択される少なくとも1つは、少なくとも1つのシクロアルカンで縮合されていてもよく、当該シクロアルカンにおける少なくとも1つの水素は置換されていてもよく、当該シクロアルカンにおける少なくとも1つの-CH2-は-O-で置換されていてもよく、
前記多環芳香族化合物における少なくとも1つの水素は、重水素、シアノまたはハロゲンで置換されていてもよい。
いずれの式(1B)で表される部分構造においても、
RXEは、破線が-X-または単結合となってC環と結合しており、
*の位置でA環におけるアリール環またはヘテロアリール環の環構成原子に結合し、
A環とB環とを結合するXおよびA環とRXDとを結合するXがいずれも単結合によりC環と結合している窒素原子である、請求項2または3に記載の多環芳香族化合物。
Yは、それぞれ独立して、B、P、P=OまたはP=Sであり、
Xは、それぞれ独立して、>C(-R)2、>N-R、>O、>Si(-R)2、>Sまたは>Seであり、前記>N-RのRは、置換されていてもよいアリール、置換されていてもよいヘテロアリール、置換されていてもよいアルキルまたは置換されていてもよいシクロアルキルであり、前記>C(-R)2および>Si(-R)2のRは、水素、置換されていてもよいアリール、置換されていてもよいアルキルまたは置換されていてもよいシクロアルキルであり、>C(-R)2および>Si(-R)2それぞれにおける2つのRは互いに結合して環を形成していてもよく、また、前記>N-R、前記>C(-R)2、および前記>Si(-R)2のRの少なくとも1つは当該Rを含むXが直接結合するいずれかの炭素原子に隣接するZと連結基または単結合により結合していてもよく、
Zは、それぞれ独立して、-C(-RZ)=または-N=であり、隣り合う2つのZは、-C(-RZ)2-、-Si(-RZ)2-、-N(-RZ)-、-O-、-S-または-Se-に置き換えられてもよく、
RZは、それぞれ独立して、水素または置換基であり、RZのうちの隣接する基同士が結合して当該RZが結合する環と共にアリール環またはヘテロアリール環を形成していてもよく、形成された環は置換されていてもよく、
前記多環芳香族化合物におけるアリール環およびヘテロアリール環からなる群より選択される少なくとも1つは、少なくとも1つのシクロアルカンで縮合されていてもよく、当該シクロアルカンにおける少なくとも1つの水素は置換されていてもよく、当該シクロアルカンにおける少なくとも1つの-CH2-は-O-で置換されていてもよく、
前記多環芳香族化合物における少なくとも1つの水素は、重水素、シアノまたはハロゲンで置換されていてもよい。
<19> <18>に記載の反応性化合物をモノマーとして高分子化させた高分子化合物、または、当該高分子化合物をさらに架橋させた高分子架橋体。
<20> 主鎖型高分子に<18>に記載の反応性化合物を置換させたペンダント型高分子化合物、または、当該ペンダント型高分子化合物をさらに架橋させたペンダント型高分子架橋体。
<21> <1>~<17>のいずれかに記載の多環芳香族化合物を含有する、有機デバイス用材料。
<22> <18>に記載の反応性化合物を含有する、有機デバイス用材料。
<23> <19>に記載の高分子化合物または高分子架橋体を含有する、有機デバイス用材料。
<24> <20>に記載のペンダント型高分子化合物またはペンダント型高分子架橋体を含有する、有機デバイス用材料。
<25> 前記有機デバイス用材料が、有機電界発光素子用材料、有機電界効果トランジスタ用材料または有機薄膜太陽電池用材料である、<21>~<24>のいずれかに記載の有機デバイス用材料。
<26> 前記有機電界発光素子用材料が発光層用材料である、<25>に記載の有機デバイス用材料。
<28> <18>に記載の反応性化合物と、有機溶媒とを含む、組成物。
<29> 主鎖型高分子と、<18>に記載の反応性化合物と、有機溶媒とを含む、組成物。
<30> <19>に記載の高分子化合物または高分子架橋体と、有機溶媒とを含む、組成物。
<31> <20>に記載のペンダント型高分子化合物またはペンダント型高分子架橋体と、有機溶媒とを含む、組成物。
<33> 前記有機層が発光層である、<32>に記載の有機電界発光素子。
<34> 前記発光層が、ホストと、ドーパントとしての前記多環芳香族化合物、反応性化合物、高分子化合物、高分子架橋体、ペンダント型高分子化合物またはペンダント型高分子架橋体とを含む、<33>に記載の有機電界発光素子。
<35> 前記ホストが、アントラセン系化合物、フルオレン系化合物またはジベンゾクリセン系化合物である、<34>に記載の有機電界発光素子。
<36> 前記陰極と前記発光層との間に配置される電子輸送層および電子注入層の少なくとも1つの層を有し、該電子輸送層および電子注入層の少なくとも1つは、ボラン誘導体、ピリジン誘導体、フルオランテン誘導体、BO系誘導体、アントラセン誘導体、ベンゾフルオレン誘導体、ホスフィンオキサイド誘導体、ピリミジン誘導体、アリールニトリル誘導体、トリアジン誘導体、ベンゾイミダゾール誘導体、フェナントロリン誘導体およびキノリノール系金属錯体からなる群から選択される少なくとも1つを含有する、<33>~<35>のいずれかに記載の有機電界発光素子。
<37> 前記電子輸送層および電子注入層の少なくとも1つの層が、さらに、アルカリ金属、アルカリ土類金属、希土類金属、アルカリ金属の酸化物、アルカリ金属のハロゲン化物、アルカリ土類金属の酸化物、アルカリ土類金属のハロゲン化物、希土類金属の酸化物、希土類金属のハロゲン化物、アルカリ金属の有機錯体、アルカリ土類金属の有機錯体および希土類金属の有機錯体からなる群から選択される少なくとも1つを含有する、<36>に記載の有機電界発光素子。
<38> 正孔注入層、正孔輸送層、発光層、電子輸送層および電子注入層のうちの少なくとも1つの層が、各層を形成し得る低分子化合物をモノマーとして高分子化させた高分子化合物、もしくは、当該高分子化合物をさらに架橋させた高分子架橋体、または、各層を形成し得る低分子化合物を主鎖型高分子と反応させたペンダント型高分子化合物、もしくは、当該ペンダント型高分子化合物をさらに架橋させたペンダント型高分子架橋体を含む、<33>~<37>のいずれかに記載の有機電界発光素子。
<39> <32>~<38>のいずれかに記載の有機電界発光素子を備えた表示装置または照明装置。
<40> <1>~<17>のいずれかに記載の多環芳香族化合物、<18>に記載の反応性化合物、<19>に記載の高分子化合物もしくは高分子架橋体、または、<20>に記載のペンダント型高分子化合物もしくはペンダント型高分子架橋体を含有する波長変換材料。
本明細書において、「隣接する基」というときは、構造式中で隣接する2つの原子(共有結合で直接結合する2つの原子)にそれぞれ結合している2つの基を意味する。
1-1.式(1A)で表される部分構造および少なくとも2つの式(1B)で表される部分構造からなる多環芳香族化合物
本発明は、式(1A)で表される部分構造の1つおよび少なくとも2つの式(1B)で表される部分構造からなる多環芳香族化合物に関する。
式(1B)で表される部分構造は*の位置で式(1A)で表される部分構造中のA環、B環およびRXDならびに別の式(1B)で表される部分構造中のC環およびRXEからなる群より選択される1つにおけるアリール環またはヘテロアリール環の環構成原子に結合している。
式(1A)において、RXDは、置換されていてもよいアリールまたは置換されていてもよいヘテロアリールであることが好ましい。また、RXDは、-X-を介してA環と結合していることが好ましい。式(1B)において、RXEは、置換されていてもよいアリールまたは置換されていてもよいヘテロアリールであることが好ましい。
すなわち、式(1A)は下記式(2A)であることが好ましく、式(1B)は下記式(2B)であることが好ましい。
また、式(1B)で表される部分構造が*の位置および1つの(*)の位置でB環に結合する式(II-3)~式(II-8)のいずれかで表される結合形態がある。式(II-3)は、さらにもう1つの(*)の位置でB環に結合する結合形態を示し、式(II-4)、式(II-6)は、さらにもう1つの(*)の位置でXに結合する結合形態を示す。なお、以下に示さないが、さらに、式(1B)で表される部分構造がRXD(D環)に結合する場合について、B環に結合する場合と同様の結合形態を示すことができる。なお、以下の式において、式(1B)で表される部分構造が(*)の位置でXに結合しているときのXをXTで示す。
式(II-1)~式(II-8)の構造で表される結合形態のより具体的な例としてはそれぞれ以下の式で表される部分構造があげられる。
短波長での発光のためには、Yが互いにm位に結合し、かつ、Xが互いにm位に結合している構造が好ましい。また、同様に、短波長での発光のためには、同じ環に結合するYとXが少ない構造が好ましい。また、同様に、短波長での発光のためには、C、X、YおよびZで形成される環の直線的な連結が短い構造が好ましい。また、同様に、短波長での発光のためには、C、X、YおよびZで形成される環の直線的な連結が、短く、かつ、最大の連結数が少ない構造が好ましい。例えば、式(III-1)で表される化合物は、C、XおよびYで形成されるヘキサセン環を1つ有し、式(III-2)で表される化合物は、C、XおよびYで形成されるテトラセン環を1つ有する。短波長での発光のためには式(III-1)で表される化合物が好ましい。同じく、式(III-3)で表される化合物はペンタセン環を1つ有し、式(III-4)で表される化合物はペンタセン環を3つ有する。短波長での発光のためには式(III-4)で表される化合物が好ましく、C、X、YおよびZで形成される環の直線的な連結の最大の連結数が少ない構造が好ましい。例えば、式(II-5-1)で表される構造は、C、XおよびYで形成されるペンタセン環を1つ有し、式(II-6-1)で表される構造は、C、XおよびYで形成されるテトラセン環を1つ有し、式(II-5-2)で表される構造は、C、XおよびYで形成されるアントラセン環を1つ有する。短波長での発光のためには式(II-5-2)で表される構造が好ましい。高い効率のためには、同じ環に結合するYおよびXが少ない構造が好ましい。長波長での発光のためには、XおよびYがo位またはp位に結合することが好ましい。また、同様に長波長での発光のためには、同じ環に結合するYとXが多い構造が好ましい。合成の観点からは、立体障害が少ない構造が合成のしやすいため好ましく、環に結合するXおよびYが多い構造が安定性が高いため好ましい。
これらをまとめると、より具体的には、青色で高いTADF性を有するためには、式(III-1)~式(III-5)、式(III-9)~式(III-14)のいずれかで表される化合物が好ましく、式(III-3)~式(III-5)、式(III-9)~式(III-14)で表される化合物がより好ましく、式(III-9)~式(III-14)で表される化合物がさらに好ましい。合成の観点を加えると、式(III-9)および式(III-10)で表される化合物が特に好ましく、式(III-10)で表される化合物が最も好ましい。
それぞれ独立して、水素、炭素数6~16のアリール、炭素数2~20のヘテロアリール、ジアリールアミノ(ただしアリールは炭素数6~10のアリール)、炭素数1~12のアルキルまたは炭素数3~16のシクロアルキルであることがより好ましく、
それぞれ独立して、水素、炭素数6~16のアリール、ジアリールアミノ(ただしアリールは炭素数6~10のアリール)、炭素数1~12のアルキルまたは炭素数3~16のシクロアルキルであることがさらに好ましい。
Lが>N-RであるときのRはアルキルもしくはシクロアルキルで置換されていてもよいアリール、アルキルもしくはシクロアルキルで置換されていてもよいヘテロアリール、アルキルまたはシクロアルキルであることが好ましく、アルキルで置換されていてもよいアリール、アルキルで置換されていてもよいヘテロアリール、アルキルまたはシクロアルキルであることがより好ましく、アルキルで置換されていてもよいアリールであることがさらに好ましく、メチルで置換されていてもよいフェニルであることが特に好ましい。
rは1~4の整数であり、
RSはそれぞれ独立して水素、置換されていてもよいアルキルまたは置換されていてもよいシクロアルキルであり、任意のRSは他の任意のRSと連結基または単結合により互いに結合していてもよく、
式(A20)で表される基は2つの*でアリール環、ヘテロアリール環、またはシクロアルカン環の環上で隣接する2つの原子にそれぞれ結合する。
式(A20)中、RSはそれぞれ独立して、水素、置換されていてもよいアルキルまたは置換されていてもよいシクロアルキルであり、任意のRSは他の任意のRSと連結基または単結合により互いに連結していてもよい。
すなわち、式(A20)で表される基の好ましい一例としては、式(A20-a)で表される基があげられる。
RA1~RA4は、任意の2個(RA1およびRA4、RA1およびRA4ならびにRA1およびRA4、RA1およびRA2、RA3およびRA4、RA1およびRA4ならびにRA1およびRA4)が連結基または単結合により互いに結合していることが好ましく、RA1およびRA4が連結基または単結合により互いに結合していることがより好ましい。互いに結合して形成されている2価の基としては、アルキレンがあげられる。当該アルキレンにおける少なくとも1つの水素はアルキルもしくはシクロアルキルで置換されていてもよく、当該アルキレンにおける少なくとも1つ(好ましくは1つ)の-CH2-は-O-および-S-で置換されていてもよい。互いに結合して形成されている2価の基としては、炭素数2~5の直鎖アルキレンが好ましく、炭素数3または4の直鎖アルキレンがより好ましく、炭素数4の直鎖アルキレン(-(CH2)4-)がさらに好ましい。炭素数4の直鎖アルキレン(-(CH2)4-)は無置換であることが特に好ましい。
すなわち、式(A10)で表される部分構造としては、以下式(A11)で表される構造が好ましい。
ベンゼン環における0~2個の水素は、上述の置換基(第1置換基)で置換されていてもよい。
式(1A)で表される部分構造および少なくとも2つの式(1B)で表される部分構造からなる多環芳香族化合物ならびに式(D-II-3-1)式(D-II-3-11)、式(D-II-3-12)または式(D-II-3-13)で表される多環芳香族化合物は、それぞれに反応性置換基が置換した反応性化合物をモノマーとして高分子化させた高分子化合物(この高分子化合物を得るための前記モノマーは重合性置換基を有する)、もしくは当該高分子化合物をさらに架橋させた高分子架橋体(この高分子架橋体を得るための前記高分子化合物は架橋性置換基を有する)、または、主鎖型高分子と前記反応性化合物とを反応させたペンダント型高分子化合物(このペンダント型高分子化合物を得るための前記反応性化合物は反応性置換基を有する)、もしくは当該ペンダント型高分子化合物をさらに架橋させたペンダント型高分子架橋体(このペンダント型高分子架橋体を得るための前記ペンダント型高分子化合物は架橋性置換基を有する)としても、有機デバイス用材料、例えば、有機電界発光素子用材料、有機電界効果トランジスタ用材料または有機薄膜太陽電池用材料に用いることができる。
式(1A)で表される部分構造および少なくとも2つの式(1B)で表される部分構造からなる多環芳香族化合物は、基本的には、まずA環(a環)、B環(b環)、C環(c環)、RXD(D環、d環)、RXE(E環、e環)を結合基(Xを含む基)で結合させることで中間体を製造し(第1反応)、その後に、A環(a環)、B環(b環)、C環(c環)、RXD(D環、d環)、RXE(E環、e環)を結合基(Yを含む基)で結合させることで最終生成物を製造することができる(第2反応)。第1反応では、例えばエーテル化反応であれば、求核置換反応、ウルマン反応といった一般的反応が利用でき、アミノ化反応で有ればブッフバルト-ハートウィッグ反応といった一般的反応が利用できる。また、第2反応では、タンデムヘテロフリーデルクラフツ反応(連続的な芳香族求電子置換反応、以下同様)が利用できる。これらの製造方法については、国際公開第2015/102118号などの先行文献に記載の方法を参照できる。
本発明に係る多環芳香族化合物は、有機デバイス用材料として用いることができる。有機デバイスとしては、例えば、有機電界発光素子、有機電界効果トランジスタまたは有機薄膜太陽電池などがあげられる。
以下に、本実施形態に係る有機EL素子について図面に基づいて詳細に説明する。図1は、本実施形態に係る有機EL素子を示す概略断面図である。
図1に示された有機EL素子100は、基板101と、基板101上に設けられた陽極102と、陽極102の上に設けられた正孔注入層103と、正孔注入層103の上に設けられた正孔輸送層104と、正孔輸送層104の上に設けられた発光層105と、発光層105の上に設けられた電子輸送層106と、電子輸送層106の上に設けられた電子注入層107と、電子注入層107の上に設けられた陰極108とを有する。
基板101は、有機EL素子100の支持体であり、通常、石英、ガラス、金属、プラスチックなどが用いられる。基板101は、目的に応じて板状、フィルム状、またはシート状に形成され、例えば、ガラス板、金属板、金属箔、プラスチックフィルム、プラスチックシートなどが用いられる。なかでも、ガラス板、および、ポリエステル、ポリメタクリレート、ポリカーボネート、ポリスルホンなどの透明な合成樹脂製の板が好ましい。ガラス基板であれば、ソーダライムガラスや無アルカリガラスなどが用いられ、また、厚みも機械的強度を保つのに十分な厚みがあればよいので、例えば、0.2mm以上あればよい。厚さの上限値としては、例えば、2mm以下、好ましくは1mm以下である。ガラスの材質については、ガラスからの溶出イオンが少ない方がよいので無アルカリガラスの方が好ましいが、SiO2などのバリアコートを施したソーダライムガラスも市販されているのでこれを使用することができる。また、基板101には、ガスバリア性を高めるために、少なくとも片面に緻密なシリコン酸化膜などのガスバリア膜を設けてもよく、特にガスバリア性が低い合成樹脂製の板、フィルムまたはシートを基板101として用いる場合にはガスバリア膜を設けるのが好ましい。
陽極102は、発光層105へ正孔を注入する役割を果たす。なお、陽極102と発光層105との間に正孔注入層103および/または正孔輸送層104が設けられている場合には、これらを介して発光層105へ正孔を注入することになる。
正孔注入層103は、陽極102から移動してくる正孔を、効率よく発光層105内または正孔輸送層104内に注入する役割を果たす。正孔輸送層104は、陽極102から注入された正孔または陽極102から正孔注入層103を介して注入された正孔を、効率よく発光層105に輸送する役割を果たす。正孔注入層103および正孔輸送層104は、それぞれ、正孔注入・輸送材料の一種または二種以上を積層、混合するか、正孔注入・輸送材料と高分子結着剤の混合物により形成される。また、正孔注入・輸送材料に塩化鉄(III)のような無機塩を添加して層を形成してもよい。
このような高分子化合物および高分子架橋体の用途の詳細については後述する。
発光層105は、電界を与えられた電極間において、陽極102から注入された正孔と、陰極108から注入された電子とを再結合させることにより発光するものである。発光層105を形成する材料としては、正孔と電子との再結合によって励起されて発光する化合物(発光性化合物)であればよく、安定な薄膜形状を形成することができ、かつ、固体状態で強い発光(蛍光)効率を示す化合物が好ましい。発光層は単一層でも複数層からなってもどちらでもよく、それぞれ発光層用材料(ホスト材料、ドーパント材料)により形成される。ホスト材料とドーパント材料は、それぞれ一種類であっても、複数の組み合わせであっても、いずれでもよい。例えば、ドーパント材料として、エミッティングドーパントおよびアシスティングドーパントを用いてもよい。ドーパント材料はホスト材料の全体に含まれていても、部分的に含まれていても、いずれであってもよい。ドーピング方法としては、ホスト材料との共蒸着法によって形成することができるが、ホスト材料と予め混合してから同時に蒸着してもよい。また、発光層は、有機溶媒に材料を溶解して調製した発光層形成用組成物を用いた湿式成膜法により形成することもできる。
また、発光層は単一層でも複数層からなってもどちらでもよい。また、ホスト化合物、エミッティングドーパント材料、およびアシスティングドーパント材料は、同一の層内に含まれていてもよく、複数層に少なくとも1成分ずつ含まれていてもよい。発光層が含むホスト化合物およびドーパント材料(エミッティングドーパントまたはアシスティングドーパント)は、それぞれ一種類であっても、複数の組み合わせであっても、いずれでもよい。アシスティングドーパントおよびエミッティングドーパントは、マトリックスとしてのホスト化合物中に、全体的に含まれていてもよいし、部分的に含まれていてもよい。
ホスト材料としては、以前から発光体として知られていたアントラセンやピレンなどの縮合環誘導体、ビススチリルアントラセン誘導体やジスチリルベンゼン誘導体などのビススチリル誘導体、テトラフェニルブタジエン誘導体、シクロペンタジエン誘導体、フルオレン誘導体、ベンゾフルオレン誘導体などがあげられる。
また、ホスト材料にTADF活性な化合物を用いてもよい。
式(H1)で表される化合物における少なくとも1つの水素は、炭素数1~6のアルキル、炭素数3~14のシクロアルキル、シアノ、ハロゲンまたは重水素で置換されていてもよい。
式(H2)で表される化合物における少なくとも1つの水素は、炭素数1~6のアルキル、炭素数3~14のシクロアルキル、シアノ、ハロゲンまたは重水素で置換されていてもよい。
MUはそれぞれ独立して2価の芳香族基、ECはそれぞれ独立して1価の芳香族基であり、kは2~50000の整数である。
MUは、それぞれ独立して、アリーレン、ヘテロアリーレン、ジアリーレンアリールアミノ、ジアリーレンアリールボリル、オキサボリン-ジイル、アザボリン-ジイルであり、
ECは、それぞれ独立して、水素、アリール、ヘテロアリール、ジアリールアミノ、ジヘテロアリールアミノ、アリールヘテロアリールアミノまたはアリールオキシであり、
MUおよびECにおける少なくとも1つの水素はさらに、アリール、ヘテロアリール、ジアリールアミノ、アルキルおよびシクロアルキルで置換されていてもよく、
kは2~50000の整数である。
kは20~50000の整数であることが好ましく、100~50000の整数であることがより好ましい。
式(H4)で表される構造を含む化合物は、式(H4)で表される構造を複数個、好ましくは1~5個、より好ましくは1~3個、さらに好ましくは1~2個、最も好ましくは1個含み、複数個含む場合には当該構造同士が直接単結合で結合されるか、または特定の連結基で結合される。
R1~R11のうちの隣接する基同士が結合してa環、b環またはc環と共にアリール環またはヘテロアリール環を形成していてもよく、形成された環における少なくとも1つの水素は、アリール、ヘテロアリール、ジアリールアミノ、ジヘテロアリールアミノ、アリールヘテロアリールアミノまたはアリールオキシで置換されていてもよく、これらにおける少なくとも1つの水素はさらにアリール、ヘテロアリールまたはジアリールアミノで置換されていてもよい。
また、式(H5)における任意の少なくとも1つ(好ましくは1~3)の-C(Rn)=(nは1~11)は-N=に置換されていてもよい。
さらに、式(H5)で表される化合物における少なくとも1つの水素は、炭素数1~24のアルキルで置換されていてもよく、さらに、前記アルキルにおける任意の-CH2-は-O-または-Si(CH3)2-で置換されていてもよく、前記アルキルにおける式(H5)で表される化合物に直結している-CH2-を除く任意の-CH2-は炭素数6~24のアリーレンで置換されていてもよく、前記アルキルにおける任意の水素はフッ素で置換されていてもよい。
また、式(H5)で表される化合物における少なくとも1つの水素は、ハロゲンまたは重水素で置換されていてもよい。
R1~R16のうちの隣接する基同士が結合してa環、b環、c環またはd環と共にアリール環またはヘテロアリール環を形成していてもよく、形成された環における少なくとも1つの水素は、アリール、ヘテロアリール、ジアリールアミノ、ジヘテロアリールアミノ、アリールヘテロアリールアミノまたはアリールオキシで置換されていてもよく、これらにおける少なくとも1つの水素はさらにアリール、ヘテロアリールまたはジアリールアミノで置換されていてもよい。
また、式(H-6)で表される化合物における少なくとも1つの水素は、炭素数1~24のアルキルで置換されていてもよく、さらに、前記アルキルにおける任意の-CH2-は-O-または-Si(CH3)2-で置換されていてもよく、前記アルキルにおける式(H6)で表される化合物に直結している-CH2-を除く任意の-CH2-は炭素数6~24のアリーレンで置換されていてもよく、前記アルキルにおける任意の水素はフッ素で置換されていてもよい。
また、式(H6)で表される化合物における少なくとも1つの水素は、ハロゲンまたは重水素で置換されていてもよい。
「式(H5)におけるR1~R11」および「式(H6)におけるR1~R16」は、それぞれ独立して、水素、アリール、ヘテロアリール、ジアリールアミノ、ジヘテロアリールアミノ、アリールヘテロアリールアミノまたはアリールオキシであって、炭素数6~30のアリール、炭素数2~30のヘテロアリール、ジアリールアミノ(2つの炭素数6~30のアリールを有するアミノ)、ジヘテロアリールアミノ(2つの炭素数2~30のヘテロアリールを有するアミノ)、アリールヘテロアリールアミノ(炭素数6~30のアリールと炭素数2~30のヘテロアリールとを有するアミノ)または炭素数6~30のアリールオキシが好ましい。
式(H5)における「R1~R11のうちの隣接する基同士が結合してa環、b環またはc環と共に形成されたアリール環」、および、式(H6)における「R1~R16のうちの隣接する基同士が結合してa環、b環、c環またはd環と共に形成されたアリール環」としては、例えば、炭素数6~30のアリール環があげられ、炭素数6~16のアリール環が好ましく、炭素数6~12のアリール環がより好ましく、炭素数6~10のアリール環が特に好ましい。ただし、形成されたアリール環の炭素数はa環、b環、c環またはd環の炭素数6を含める。
以下に、式(H5)または式(H6)で表される化合物のさらに具体的な構造を示す。
以下の式(H5)または式(H6)で表される化合物の具体的な構造は、炭素数1~24のアルキルで置換されていてもよい。
式(H5)で表される化合物は、まずa~c環を結合基(-O-)で結合させることで中間体を製造し(第1反応)、その後に、a~c環を結合基(Bを含む基)で結合させることで最終生成物を製造することができる(第2反応)。また、式(H6)で表される化合物は、まずa~d環を結合基(>NHまたは単結合)で結合させることで中間体を製造し(第1反応)、その後に、a~d環を結合基(Bを含む基)で結合させることで最終生成物を製造することができる(第2反応)。第1反応では、例えばエーテル化反応であれば、求核置換反応、ウルマン反応といった一般的反応が利用でき、アミノ化反応で有ればブッフバルト-ハートウィッグ反応といった一般的反応が利用できる。また、第2反応では、タンデムヘテロフリーデルクラフツ反応(連続的な芳香族求電子置換反応、以下同様)が利用できる。
第2反応は、下記スキーム(1)に示すように、a環、b環およびc環を結合するB(ホウ素)を導入する反応であり、例として式(H5)で表される化合物の場合を以下に示す。まず、2つのOの間の水素原子をn-ブチルリチウム、sec-ブチルリチウムまたはt-ブチルリチウム等でオルトメタル化する。次いで、三塩化ホウ素や三臭化ホウ素等を加え、リチウム-ホウ素の金属交換を行った後、N,N-ジイソプロピルエチルアミン等のブレンステッド塩基を加えることで、タンデムボラフリーデルクラフツ反応させ、目的物を得ることができる。第2反応においては反応を促進させるために三塩化アルミニウム等のルイス酸を加えてもよい。
式(H6)で表される化合物の製造方法についても、上述した式(H5)で表される化合物の製造方法における第1反応および第2反応を適用できる。つまり、第2反応はNHとc環およびd環を結合するB(ホウ素)を導入する反応であり、NHの水素原子をn-ブチルリチウム、sec-ブチルリチウムまたはt-ブチルリチウム等でオルトメタル化した後、三塩化ホウ素や三臭化ホウ素等を加えてリチウム-ホウ素の金属交換を行い、さらにN,N-ジイソプロピルエチルアミン等のブレンステッド塩基を加えることで、タンデムボラフリーデルクラフツ反応させ、目的物を得ることができる。ここでも第2反応においては反応を促進させるために三塩化アルミニウム等のルイス酸を加えてもよい。
発光層には、TADF材料が含まれていることも好ましい。
本明細書において、TADF材料とは「熱活性型遅延蛍光体」である材料を意味する。「熱活性型遅延蛍光体」では、励起一重項状態と励起三重項状態のエネルギー差を小さくすることで、通常は遷移確率が低い励起三重項状態から励起一重項状態への逆エネルギー移動を高効率で生じさせ、一重項からの発光(熱活性型遅延蛍光、TADF)が発現する。通常の蛍光発光では電流励起により生じた75%の三重項励起子は熱失活経路を通るため蛍光として取りだすことはできない。一方、TADFでは全ての励起子を蛍光発光に利用することができ、高効率な有機EL素子が実現できる。
式(H7)において、連結基のLnはドナー性の部分構造とアクセプター性の部分構造を分けるスペーサー構造として機能する。
Mは、それぞれ独立して、単結合、-O-、>N-Arまたは>C(-Ar)2であり、形成する部分構造のHOMOの深さおよび最低励起一重項エネルギー準位および最低励起三重項エネルギー準位の高さの観点から、好ましくは、単結合、-O-または>N-Arであり、
Jは、式(H7)におけるLnに対応する連結基であり、それぞれ独立して、炭素数6~18のアリーレンであり、ドナー性の部分構造とアクセプター性の部分構造から染み出す共役の大きさの観点から、炭素数6~12のアリーレンが好ましく、より具体的には、フェニレン、メチルフェニレンおよびジメチルフェニレンがあげられ、
Qは、それぞれ独立して、=C(-H)-または=N-であり、形成する部分構造のLUMOの浅さおよび最低励起一重項エネルギー準位および最低励起三重項エネルギー準位の高さの観点から、好ましくは、=N-であり、
Arは、それぞれ独立して、水素、炭素数6~24のアリール、炭素数2~24のヘテロアリール、炭素数1~12のアルキルまたは炭素数3~18のシクロアルキルであり、形成する部分構造のHOMOの深さおよび最低励起一重項エネルギー準位および最低励起三重項エネルギー準位の高さの観点から、好ましくは、水素、炭素数6~12のアリール、炭素数2~14のヘテロアリール、炭素数1~4のアルキルまたは炭素数6~10のシクロアルキルであり、より好ましくは、水素、フェニル、トリル、キシリル、メシチル、ビフェニル、ピリジル、ビピリジル、トリアジル、カルバゾリル、ジメチルカルバゾリル、ジ-tert-ブチルカルバゾリル、ベンゾイミダゾールまたはフェニルベンゾイミダゾールであり、さらに好ましくは、水素、フェニルまたはカルバゾリルであり、
mは、1または2であり、
nは、2~(6-m)の整数であり、立体障害の観点から、好ましくは、4~(6-m)の整数である。
さらに、上記各式で表される化合物における少なくとも1つの水素は、ハロゲンまたは重水素で置換されていてもよい。
本発明の多環芳香族化合物は、ドーパント材料として用いることが好ましい。
本発明の多環芳香族化合物以外で用いることができるドーパント材料としては、特に限定されず、既知の化合物を用いることができ、所望の発光色に応じて様々な材料の中から選択することができる。具体的には、例えば、フェナンスレン、アントラセン、ピレン、テトラセン、ペンタセン、ペリレン、ナフトピレン、ジベンゾピレン、ルブレンおよびクリセンなどの縮合環誘導体、ベンゾオキサゾール誘導体、ベンゾチアゾール誘導体、ベンゾイミダゾール誘導体、ベンゾトリアゾール誘導体、オキサゾール誘導体、オキサジアゾール誘導体、チアゾール誘導体、イミダゾール誘導体、チアジアゾール誘導体、トリアゾール誘導体、ピラゾリン誘導体、スチルベン誘導体、チオフェン誘導体、テトラフェニルブタジエン誘導体、シクロペンタジエン誘導体、ビススチリルアントラセン誘導体やジスチリルベンゼン誘導体などのビススチリル誘導体(特開平1-245087号公報)、ビススチリルアリーレン誘導体(特開平2-247278号公報)、ジアザインダセン誘導体、フラン誘導体、ベンゾフラン誘導体、フェニルイソベンゾフラン、ジメシチルイソベンゾフラン、ジ(2-メチルフェニル)イソベンゾフラン、ジ(2-トリフルオロメチルフェニル)イソベンゾフラン、フェニルイソベンゾフランなどのイソベンゾフラン誘導体、ジベンゾフラン誘導体、7-ジアルキルアミノクマリン誘導体、7-ピペリジノクマリン誘導体、7-ヒドロキシクマリン誘導体、7-メトキシクマリン誘導体、7-アセトキシクマリン誘導体、3-ベンゾチアゾリルクマリン誘導体、3-ベンゾイミダゾリルクマリン誘導体、3-ベンゾオキサゾリルクマリン誘導体などのクマリン誘導体、ジシアノメチレンピラン誘導体、ジシアノメチレンチオピラン誘導体、ポリメチン誘導体、シアニン誘導体、オキソベンゾアンスラセン誘導体、キサンテン誘導体、ローダミン誘導体、フルオレセイン誘導体、ピリリウム誘導体、カルボスチリル誘導体、アクリジン誘導体、オキサジン誘導体、フェニレンオキサイド誘導体、キナクリドン誘導体、キナゾリン誘導体、ピロロピリジン誘導体、フロピリジン誘導体、1,2,5-チアジアゾロピレン誘導体、ピロメテン誘導体、ペリノン誘導体、ピロロピロール誘導体、スクアリリウム誘導体、ビオラントロン誘導体、フェナジン誘導体、アクリドン誘導体、デアザフラビン誘導体、フルオレン誘導体およびベンゾフルオレン誘導体などがあげられる。
また、特開2003-347056号公報、および特開2001-307884号公報などに記載されたスチルベン構造を有するアミンを用いてもよい。
また、特開平11-97178号公報、特開2000-133457号公報、特開2000-26324号公報、特開2001-267079号公報、特開2001-267078号公報、特開2001-267076号公報、特開2000-34234号公報、特開2001-267075号公報、および特開2001-217077号公報などに記載されたペリレン誘導体を用いてもよい。
また、国際公開第2000/40586号などに記載されたボラン誘導体を用いてもよい。
また、特開2006-156888号公報などに記載された芳香族アミン誘導体を用いてもよい。
また、特開2004-43646号公報、特開2001-76876号公報、および特開平6-298758号公報などに記載されたクマリン誘導体を用いてもよい。
電子注入層107は、陰極108から移動してくる電子を、効率よく発光層105内または電子輸送層106内に注入する役割を果たす。電子輸送層106は、陰極108から注入された電子または陰極108から電子注入層107を介して注入された電子を、効率よく発光層105に輸送する役割を果たす。電子輸送層106および電子注入層107は、それぞれ、電子輸送・注入材料の一種または二種以上を積層、混合するか、電子輸送・注入材料と高分子結着剤の混合物により形成される。
ボラン誘導体は、例えば下記式(ETM-1)で表される化合物であり、詳細には特開2007-27587号公報に開示されている。
具体的な「シクロアルキル」としては、シクロプロピル、シクロブチル、シクロペンチル、シクロヘキシル、メチルシクロペンチル、シクロヘプチル、メチルシクロヘキシル、シクロオクチルまたはジメチルシクロヘキシルなどがあげられる。
R1~R4における炭素数1~6のアルキルについては直鎖および分岐鎖のいずれでもよい。すなわち、炭素数1~6の直鎖アルキルまたは炭素数3~6の分岐鎖アルキルである。より好ましくは、炭素数1~4のアルキル(炭素数3~4の分岐鎖アルキル)である。具体例としては、メチル、エチル、n-プロピル、イソプロピル、n-ブチル、イソブチル、s-ブチル、t-ブチル、n-ペンチル、イソペンチル、ネオペンチル、t-ペンチル、n-ヘキシル、1-メチルペンチル、4-メチル-2-ペンチル、3,3-ジメチルブチル、または2-エチルブチルなどがあげられ、メチル、エチル、n-プロピル、イソプロピル、n-ブチル、イソブチル、s-ブチル、またはt-ブチルが好ましく、メチル、エチル、またはt-ブチルがより好ましい。
ホスフィンオキサイド誘導体は、例えば下記式(ETM-7-1)で表される化合物である。詳細は国際公開第2013/079217号および国際公開第2013/079678号にも記載されている。
R6は、CN、置換または無置換の、炭素数1~20のアルキル、炭素数3~16のシクロアルキル、炭素数1~20のヘテロアルキル、炭素数6~20のアリール、炭素数5~20のヘテロアリール、炭素数1~20のアルコキシまたは炭素数6~20のアリールオキシであり、
R7およびR8は、それぞれ独立して、置換または無置換の、炭素数6~20のアリールまたは炭素数5~20のヘテロアリールであり、
R9は酸素または硫黄であり、
jは0または1であり、kは0または1であり、rは0~4の整数であり、qは1~3の整数である。
ここで、置換されている場合の置換基としては、アリール、ヘテロアリール、アルキルまたはシクロアルキルなどがあげられる。
ピリミジン誘導体は、例えば下記式(ETM-8)で表される化合物であり、好ましくは下記式(ETM-8-1)で表される化合物である。詳細は国際公開第2011/021689号にも記載されている。
アリールニトリル誘導体は、例えば下記式(ETM-9)で表される化合物、またはそれが単結合などで複数結合した多量体である。詳細は米国出願公開第2014/0197386号明細書に記載されている。
トリアジン誘導体は、例えば下記式(ETM-10)で表される化合物であり、好ましくは下記式(ETM-10-1)で表される化合物である。詳細は米国特許出願公開第2011/0156013号明細書に記載されている。
キノリノール系金属錯体は、例えば下記式(ETM-13)で表される化合物である。
チアゾール誘導体は、例えば下記式(ETM-14-1)で表される化合物である。
また、いずれもアルキルであるXとYとが結合して環を形成していてもよい。
φは炭素数6~40の芳香族炭化水素に由来するm価の基または炭素数2~40の芳香族複素環に由来するm価の基であり、φの少なくとも1つの水素は炭素数1~6のアルキル、炭素数3~14のシクロアルキル、炭素数6~18のアリールまたは炭素数2~18のヘテロアリールで置換されていてもよく、
Yは、それぞれ独立して、-O-、-S-または>N-Arであり、Arは炭素数6~12のアリールまたは炭素数2~12のヘテロアリールであり、Arの少なくとも1つの水素は炭素数1~4のアルキル、炭素数5~10のシクロアルキル、炭素数6~12のアリールまたは炭素数2~12のヘテロアリールで置換されていてもよく、R1~R5はそれぞれ独立して水素、炭素数1~4のアルキルまたは炭素数5~10のシクロアルキルであり、ただし、前記>N-ArにおけるArおよび前記R1~R5のうちのいずれか1つはLと結合する部位であり、
Lは、それぞれ独立して、下記式(L-1)で表される2価の基、および下記式(L-2)で表される2価の基からなる群から選ばれ、
式(L-2)中、X7~X14はそれぞれ独立して=CR6-または=N-であり、X7~X14のうちの少なくとも2つは=CR6-であり、X7~X14のうちの2つの=CR6-におけるR6はφまたはアゾリン環と結合する部位であり、それ以外の=CR6-におけるR6は水素であり、
Lの少なくとも1つの水素は炭素数1~4のアルキル、炭素数5~10のシクロアルキル、炭素数6~10のアリールまたは炭素数2~10のヘテロアリールで置換されていてもよく、
mは1~4の整数であり、mが2~4であるとき、アゾリン環とLとで形成される基は同一であっても異なっていてもよく、そして、
式(ETM-16)で表される化合物中の少なくとも1つの水素は重水素で置換されていてもよい。
φは炭素数6~40の芳香族炭化水素に由来するm価の基または炭素数2~40の芳香族複素環に由来するm価の基であり、φの少なくとも1つの水素は炭素数1~6のアルキル、炭素数3~14のシクロアルキル、炭素数6~18のアリールまたは炭素数2~18のヘテロアリールで置換されていてもよく、
式(ETM-16-1)中、Yは、それぞれ独立して、-O-、-S-または>N-Arであり、Arは炭素数6~12のアリールまたは炭素数2~12のヘテロアリールであり、Arの少なくとも1つの水素は炭素数1~4のアルキル、炭素数5~10のシクロアルキル、炭素数6~12のアリールまたは炭素数2~12のヘテロアリールで置換されていてもよく、
式(ETM-16-1)中、R1~R4はそれぞれ独立して水素、炭素数1~4のアルキルまたは炭素数5~10のシクロアルキルであり、ただし、R1とR2は同一であり、またR3とR4は同一であり、
式(ETM-16-2)中、R1~R5はそれぞれ独立して水素、炭素数1~4のアルキルまたは炭素数5~10のシクロアルキルであり、ただし、R1とR2は同一であり、またR3とR4は同一であり、
式(ETM-16-1)および式(ETM-16-2)中、
Lは、それぞれ独立して、下記式(L-1)で表される2価の基、および下記式(L-2)で表される2価の基からなる群から選ばれ、
式(L-2)中、X7~X14はそれぞれ独立して=CR6-または=N-であり、X7~X14のうちの少なくとも2つは=CR6-であり、X7~X14のうちの2つの=CR6-におけるR6はφまたはアゾリン環と結合する部位であり、それ以外の=CR6-におけるR6は水素であり、
Lの少なくとも1つの水素は炭素数1~4のアルキル、炭素数5~10のシクロアルキル、炭素数6~10のアリールまたは炭素数2~10のヘテロアリールで置換されていてもよく、
mは1~4の整数であり、mが2~4であるとき、アゾリン環とLとで形成される基は同一であっても異なっていてもよく、そして、
式(ETM-16-1)または式(ETM-16-2)で表される化合物中の少なくとも1つの水素は重水素で置換されていてもよい。
Yとしての>N-ArにおけるArは、フェニル、ピリジニル、ピラジニル、ピリミジニル、ピリダジニル、およびトリアジニルからなる群から選択され、当該Arの少なくとも1つの水素は炭素数1~4のアルキル、炭素数5~10のシクロアルキルまたは炭素数6~10のアリールで置換されていてもよく、
R1~R4はそれぞれ独立して水素、炭素数1~4のアルキルまたは炭素数5~10のシクロアルキルであり、ただし、R1とR2は同一であり、R3とR4は同一であり、またR1~R4の全てが同時に水素になることはなく、そして、
mは2であり、アゾリン環とLとで形成される基は同一である。
電子輸送層または電子注入層には、さらに、電子輸送層または電子注入層を形成する材料を還元できる物質が含まれていてもよい。この還元性物質は、一定の還元性を有する物質であれば、様々な物質が用いられ、例えば、アルカリ金属、アルカリ土類金属、希土類金属、アルカリ金属の酸化物、アルカリ金属のハロゲン化物、アルカリ土類金属の酸化物、アルカリ土類金属のハロゲン化物、希土類金属の酸化物、希土類金属のハロゲン化物、アルカリ金属の有機錯体、アルカリ土類金属の有機錯体および希土類金属の有機錯体からなる群から選択される少なくとも1つを好適に使用することができる。
このような高分子化合物および高分子架橋体の用途の詳細については後述する。
陰極108は、電子注入層107および電子輸送層106を介して、発光層105に電子を注入する役割を果たす。
以上の正孔注入層、正孔輸送層、発光層、電子輸送層および電子注入層に用いられる材料は単独で各層を形成することができるが、高分子結着剤としてポリ塩化ビニル、ポリカーボネート、ポリスチレン、ポリ(N-ビニルカルバゾール)、ポリメチルメタクリレート、ポリブチルメタクリレート、ポリエステル、ポリスルホン、ポリフェニレンオキサイド、ポリブタジエン、炭化水素樹脂、ケトン樹脂、フェノキシ樹脂、ポリアミド、エチルセルロース、酢酸ビニル樹脂、ABS樹脂、ポリウレタン樹脂などの溶剤可溶性樹脂や、フェノール樹脂、キシレン樹脂、石油樹脂、ユリア樹脂、メラミン樹脂、不飽和ポリエステル樹脂、アルキド樹脂、エポキシ樹脂、シリコーン樹脂などの硬化性樹脂などに分散させて用いることも可能である。
有機EL素子を構成する各層は、各層を構成すべき材料を蒸着法、抵抗加熱蒸着、電子ビーム蒸着、スパッタリング、分子積層法、印刷法、スピンコート法またはキャスト法、コーティング法などの方法で薄膜とすることにより、形成することができる。このようにして形成された各層の膜厚については特に限定はなく、材料の性質に応じて適宜設定することができるが、通常2nm~5000nmの範囲である。膜厚は通常、水晶発振式膜厚測定装置などで測定できる。蒸着法を用いて薄膜化する場合、その蒸着条件は、材料の種類、膜の目的とする結晶構造および会合構造などにより異なる。蒸着条件は一般的に、ボート加熱温度+50~+400℃、真空度10-6~10-3Pa、蒸着速度0.01~50nm/秒、基板温度-150~+300℃、膜厚2nm~5μmの範囲で適宜設定することが好ましい。
適当な基板上に、陽極材料の薄膜を蒸着法などにより形成させて陽極を作製した後、この陽極上に正孔注入層および正孔輸送層の薄膜を形成させる。この上にホスト材料とドーパント材料を共蒸着し薄膜を形成させて発光層とし、この発光層の上に電子輸送層、電子注入層を形成させ、さらに陰極用物質からなる薄膜を蒸着法などにより形成させて陰極とすることにより、目的の有機EL素子が得られる。なお、上述の有機EL素子の作製においては、作製順序を逆にして、陰極、電子注入層、電子輸送層、発光層、正孔輸送層、正孔注入層、陽極の順に作製することも可能である。
湿式成膜法は、有機EL素子の各有機層を形成し得る低分子化合物を液状の有機層形成用組成物として準備し、これを用いることによって実施される。この低分子化合物を溶解する適当な有機溶媒がない場合には、当該低分子化合物に反応性置換基を置換させた反応性化合物として溶解性機能を有する他のモノマーや主鎖型高分子と共に高分子化させた高分子化合物などから有機層形成用組成物を準備してもよい。
(手順1)陽極の真空蒸着法による成膜
(手順2)正孔注入層用材料を含む正孔注入層形成用組成物の湿式成膜法による成膜
(手順3)正孔輸送層用材料を含む正孔輸送層形成用組成物の湿式成膜法による成膜
(手順4)ホスト材料とドーパント材料を含む発光層形成用組成物の湿式成膜法による成膜
(手順5)電子輸送層の真空蒸着法による成膜
(手順6)電子注入層の真空蒸着法による成膜
(手順7)陰極の真空蒸着法による成膜
この手順を経ることで、陽極/正孔注入層/正孔輸送層/ホスト材料とドーパント材料からなる発光層/電子輸送層/電子注入層/陰極からなる有機EL素子が得られる。
もちろん、電子輸送層および電子注入層についても、それぞれ電子輸送層用材料および電子注入層用材料を含む層形成用組成物を用いて湿式成膜法により成膜してもよい。その際、下層の発光層の溶解を防ぐ手段、または上記手順とは逆に陰極側から成膜する手段を用いることが好ましい。
有機層形成用組成物の成膜化には、レーザー加熱描画法(LITI)を用いることができる。LITIとは基材に付着させた化合物をレーザーで加熱蒸着する方法で、基材へ塗布される材料に有機層形成用組成物を用いることができる。
成膜の各工程の前後に、適切な処理工程、洗浄工程および乾燥工程を適宜入れてもよい。処理工程としては、例えば、露光処理、プラズマ表面処理、超音波処理、オゾン処理、適切な溶媒を用いた洗浄処理および加熱処理等があげられる。さらには、バンクを作製する一連の工程もあげられる。
有機層形成用組成物は、有機EL素子の各有機層を形成し得る低分子化合物、または当該低分子化合物を高分子化させた高分子化合物を有機溶媒に溶解させて得られる。例えば、発光層形成用組成物は、第1成分として少なくとも1種のドーパント材料である多環芳香族化合物(またはその高分子化合物)と、第2成分として少なくとも1種のホスト材料と、第3成分として少なくとも1種の有機溶媒とを含有する。第1成分は、該組成物から得られる発光層のドーパント成分として機能し、第2成分は発光層のホスト成分として機能する。第3成分は、組成物中の第1成分と第2成分を溶解する溶媒として機能し、塗布時には第3成分自身の制御された蒸発速度により平滑で均一な表面形状を与える。
有機層形成用組成物は少なくとも一種の有機溶媒を含む。成膜時に有機溶媒の蒸発速度を制御することで、成膜性および塗膜の欠陥の有無、表面粗さ、平滑性を制御および改善することができる。また、インクジェット法を用いた成膜時は、インクジェットヘッドのピンホールでのメニスカス安定性を制御し、吐出性を制御・改善することができる。加えて、膜の乾燥速度および誘導体分子の配向を制御することで、該有機層形成用組成物より得られる有機層を有する有機EL素子の電気特性、発光特性、効率、および寿命を改善することができる。
少なくとも1種の有機溶媒の沸点は、130℃~300℃であり、140℃~270℃がより好ましく、150℃~250℃がさらに好ましい。沸点が130℃より高い場合、インクジェットの吐出性の観点から好ましい。また、沸点が300℃より低い場合、塗膜の欠陥、表面粗さ、残留溶媒および平滑性の観点から好ましい。有機溶媒は、良好なインクジェットの吐出性、成膜性、平滑性および低い残留溶媒の観点から、2種以上の有機溶媒を含む構成がより好ましい。一方で、場合によっては、運搬性などを考慮し、有機層形成用組成物中から溶媒を除去することで固形状態とした組成物であってもよい。
高沸点の貧溶媒を加えることで成膜時に低沸点の良溶媒が先に揮発し、組成物中の含有物の濃度と貧溶媒の濃度が増加し速やかな成膜が促される。これにより、欠陥が少なく、表面粗さが小さい、平滑性の高い塗膜が得られる。
有機層形成用組成物に用いられる有機溶媒としては、アルキルベンゼン系溶媒、フェニルエーテル系溶媒、アルキルエーテル系溶媒、環状ケトン系溶媒、脂肪族ケトン系溶媒、単環性ケトン系溶媒、ジエステル骨格を有する溶媒および含フッ素系溶媒などがあげられ、具体例として、ペンタノール、ヘキサノール、ヘプタノール、オクタノール、ノナノール、デカノール、ウンデカノール、ドデカノール、テトラデカノール、ヘキサン-2-オール、ヘプタン-2-オール、オクタン-2-オール、デカン-2-オール、ドデカン-2-オール、シクロヘキサノール、α-テルピネオール、β-テルピネオール、γ-テルピネオール、δ-テルピネオール、テルピネオール(混合物)、エチレングリコールモノメチルエーテルアセテート、プロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテルアセテート、ジエチレングリコールジメチルエーテル、ジプロピレングリコールジメチルエーテル、ジエチレングリコールエチルメチルエーテル、ジエチレングリコールイソプロピルメチルエーテル、ジプロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテル、ジエチレングリコールジエチルエーテル、ジエチレングリコールモノメチルエーテル、ジエチレングリコールブチルメチルエーテル、トリプロピレングリコールジメチルエーテル、トリエチレングリコールジメチルエーテル、ジエチレングリコールモノブチルエーテル、エチレングリコールモノフェニルエーテル、トリエチレングリコールモノメチルエーテル、ジエチレングリコールジブチルエーテル、トリエチレングリコールブチルメチルエーテル、ポリエチレングリコールジメチルエーテル、テトラエチレングリコールジメチルエーテル、p-キシレン、m-キシレン、o-キシレン、2,6-ルチジン、2-フルオロ-m-キシレン、3-フルオロ-o-キシレン、2-クロロベンゾ三フッ化物、クメン、トルエン、2-クロロ-6-フルオロトルエン、2-フルオロアニソール、アニソール、2,3-ジメチルピラジン、ブロモベンゼン、4-フルオロアニソール、3-フルオロアニソール、3-トリフルオロメチルアニソール、メシチレン、1,2,4-トリメチルベンゼン、t-ブチルベンゼン、2-メチルアニソール、フェネトール、ベンゾジオキソール、4-メチルアニソール、s-ブチルベンゼン、3-メチルアニソール、4-フルオロ-3-メチルアニソール、シメン、1,2,3-トリメチルベンゼン、1,2-ジクロロベンゼン、2-フルオロベンゾニトリル、4-フルオロベラトロール、2,6-ジメチルアニソール、n-ブチルベンゼン、3-フルオロベンゾニトリル、デカリン(デカヒドロナフタレン)、ネオペンチルベンゼン、2,5-ジメチルアニソール、2,4-ジメチルアニソール、ベンゾニトリル、3,5-ジメチルアニソール、ジフェニルエーテル、1-フルオロ-3,5-ジメトキシベンゼン、安息香酸メチル、イソペンチルベンゼン、3,4-ジメチルアニソール、o-トルニトリル、n-アミルベンゼン、ベラトロール、1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロナフタレン、安息香酸エチル、n-ヘキシルベンゼン、安息香酸プロピル、シクロヘキシルベンゼン、1-メチルナフタレン、安息香酸ブチル、2-メチルビフェニル、3-フェノキシトルエン、2,2’-ビトリル、ドデシルベンゼン、ジペンチルベンゼン、テトラメチルベンゼン、トリメトキシベンゼン、トリメトキシトルエン、2,3-ジヒドロベンゾフラン、1-メチル-4-(プロポキシメチル)ベンゼン、1-メチル-4-(ブチルオキシメチル)ベンゼン、1-メチル-4-(ペンチルオキシメチル)ベンゼン、1-メチル-4-(ヘキシルオキシメチル)ベンゼン、1-メチル-4-(ヘプチルオキシメチル)ベンゼンベンジルブチルエーテル、ベンジルペンチルエーテル、ベンジルヘキシルエーテル、ベンジルヘプチルエーテル、ベンジルオクチルエーテルなどがあげられるが、それだけに限定されない。また、溶媒は単一で用いてもよく、混合してもよい。
有機層形成用組成物は、その性質を損なわない範囲で、任意成分を含んでいてもよい。任意成分としては、バインダーおよび界面活性剤等があげられる。
有機層形成用組成物は、バインダーを含有していてもよい。バインダーは、成膜時には膜を形成するとともに、得られた膜を基板と接合する。また、該有機層形成用組成物中で他の成分を溶解および分散および結着させる役割を果たす。
有機層形成用組成物は、例えば、有機層形成用組成物の膜面均一性、膜表面の親溶媒性および撥液性の制御のために界面活性剤を含有してもよい。界面活性剤は、親水性基の構造からイオン性および非イオン性に分類され、さらに、疎水性基の構造からアルキル系およびシリコーン系およびフッ素系に分類される。また、分子の構造から、分子量が比較的小さく単純な構造を有する単分子系および分子量が大きく側鎖や枝分かれを有する高分子系に分類される。また、組成から、単一系、二種以上の界面活性剤および基材を混合した混合系に分類される。該有機層形成用組成物に用いることのできる界面活性剤としては、全ての種類の界面活性剤を用いることができる。
有機層形成用組成物における各成分の含有量は、有機層形成用組成物中の各成分の良好な溶解性、保存安定性および成膜性、ならびに、該有機層形成用組成物から得られる塗膜の良質な膜質、また、インクジェット法を用いた場合の良好な吐出性、該組成物を用いて作製された有機層を有する有機EL素子の、良好な電気特性、発光特性、効率、寿命の観点を考慮して決定される。例えば、発光層形成用組成物の場合には、第1成分が発光層形成用組成物の全質量に対して、0.0001質量%~2.0質量%、第2成分が発光層形成用組成物の全質量に対して、0.0999質量%~8.0質量%、第3成分が発光層形成用組成物の全質量に対して、90.0質量%~99.9質量%が好ましい。
次に、上述した高分子化合物が架橋性置換基を有する場合について説明する。このような架橋性高分子化合物は例えば下記式(XLP-1)で表される化合物である。
MUx、ECxおよびkは式(H3)におけるMU、ECおよびkと同定義であり、ただし、式(XLP-1)で表される化合物は少なくとも1つの架橋性置換基(XLS)を有し、好ましくは架橋性置換基を有する1価または2価の芳香族基の含有量は、分子中0.1~80質量%である。
高分子化合物および架橋性高分子化合物の製造方法について、上述した式(H3)で表される化合物および(XLP-1)で表される化合物を例にして説明する。これらの化合物は、公知の製造方法を適宜組み合わせて合成することができる。
また、本発明は、有機EL素子を備えた表示装置または有機EL素子を備えた照明装置などにも応用することができる。
有機EL素子を備えた表示装置または照明装置は、本実施形態にかかる有機EL素子と公知の駆動装置とを接続するなど公知の方法によって製造することができ、直流駆動、パルス駆動、交流駆動など公知の駆動方法を適宜用いて駆動することができる。
本発明に係る多環芳香族化合物は、上述した有機電界発光素子の他に、有機電界効果トランジスタまたは有機薄膜太陽電池などの作製に用いることができる。
(1)基板/ゲート電極/絶縁体層/ソース電極・ドレイン電極/有機半導体活性層
(2)基板/ゲート電極/絶縁体層/有機半導体活性層/ソース電極・ドレイン電極
(3)基板/有機半導体活性層/ソース電極・ドレイン電極/絶縁体層/ゲート電極
(4)基板/ソース電極・ドレイン電極/有機半導体活性層/絶縁体層/ゲート電極
このように構成された有機電界効果トランジスタは、アクティブマトリックス駆動方式の液晶ディスプレイや有機エレクトロルミネッセンスディスプレイの画素駆動スイッチング素子などとして適用できる。
本発明の多環芳香族化合物は、波長変換材料として使用することができる。
現在、色変換方式によるマルチカラー化技術を、液晶ディスプレイや有機ELディスプレイ、照明などへ応用することが盛んに検討されている。色変換とは、発光体からの発光をより長波長の光へと波長変換することであり、例えば、紫外光や青色光を緑色光や赤色発光へと変換することを表す。この色変換機能を有する波長変換材料をフィルム化し、例えば青色光源と組み合わせることにより、青色光源から、青、緑、赤色の3原色を取り出すこと、すなわち白色光を取り出すことが可能となる。このような青色光源と色変換機能を有する波長変換フィルムを組み合わせた白色光源を光源ユニットとし、液晶駆動部分と、カラーフィルターと組み合わせることで、フルカラーディスプレイの作製が可能になる。また、液晶駆動部分が無ければ、そのまま白色光源として用いることができ、例えばLED照明などの白色光源として応用できる。また、青色有機EL素子を光源として、青色光を緑色光および赤色光に変換する波長変換フィルムと組み合わせて用いることでメタルマスクを用いないフルカラー有機ELディスプレイの作製が可能になる。さらに、青色マイクロLEDを光源として、青色光を緑色光および赤色光に変換する波長変換フィルムと組み合わせて用いることで低コストのフルカラーマイクロLEDディスプレイの作製が可能になる。
実施例中の各式において、Meはメチル、Etはエチル、iPrはイソプロピル、tBuはt-ブチル、Bpinはピナコラートボリルを表す。
まず、多環芳香族化合物の合成例について、以下に説明する。
1H-NMR(500MHz,CDCl3):δ=5.84(s,2H),6.38(dd,2H),6.55(s,2H),6.91-6.99(m,10H),7.11(t,4H),7.35(dt,2H),7.38(d,4H),7.43-7.48(m,4H),7.56(t,4H),7.65(dt,2H),8.42(dd,2H),8.63(dd,2H)
MALDI-TOF/MS によりm/z=971.33に目的物である化合物(v-19-1)を確認した。
LC-MSによりm/z=m/z=1122,4334に目的物である化合物(v-18-1)を確認した。
LC-MSによりm/z=1056.4311に目的物である化合物(v-21-2)を確認した。
LC-MSによりm/z=1405.5459に目的物である化合物(vi-14)を確認した。
LC-MSによりm/z=1405.5481に目的物である化合物(vi-3)を確認した。
LC-MSによりm/z=881.2901に目的物である化合物(v-19N1-1)を確認した。
LC-MSによりm/z=1028.4011に目的物である化合物(v-118-1)を確認した。
LC-MSによりm/z=1072.4011に目的物である化合物(v-164-1)を確認した。
1H-NMR(500MHz,CDCl3):δ=8.65(dd,J=7.4,1.7Hz,2H),8.43(dd,J=7.4,1.7Hz,2H),7.68-7.65(m,2H),7.50-7.48(m,2H),7.37-7.34(m,2H),7.31(s,2H),7.17(s,4H),6.99-6.91(m,4H),6.67(s,2H),6.42(s,2H),6.39(dd,J=8.6,1.1Hz,2H),2.51(s,12H),1.08(s,9H)
LC-MSによりm/z=917.3890に目的物である化合物(v-19-27)を確認した。
1H-NMR(500MHz,CDCl3):δ=1.96-2.19(m,18H),5.59-5.77(m,2H),6.36(t,1H),6.45-6.51(s,1H),6.58-6.63(m,6H),6.68-6.77(s,1H),6.90(t,1H),7.04(t,1H),7.12(d,1H),7.17-7.46(m,14H),7.66(t,1H),7.72(t,1H),8.03(d,1H),8.64(d,1H),8.74(d,1H),10.3(s,1H)
LC-MSによりm/z=1056.4278に目的物である化合物(v-118-2)を確認した。
LC-MSによりm/z=1000.3690に目的物である化合物(v-19-28)を確認した。
MALDI-TOF/MSによりm/z=1060.3511に目的物である化合物(v-138-2)を確認した。
MALDI-TOF/MSによりm/z=1060.3571に目的物である化合物(v-136-2)を確認した。
MALDI-TOF/MSによりm/z=941.2489に目的物である化合物(v-171-2)を確認した。
LC-MSによりm/z=981.2989に目的物である化合物(v-131-3)を確認した。
LC-MSによりm/z=1217.5780に目的物である化合物(vi-25)を確認した。
中間体(Int2-v-19-27)(2.0g)およびtert-ブチルベンゼン(20ml)の入ったフラスコに、窒素雰囲気下、0℃で、1.53Mのtert-ブチルリチウムペンタン溶液(5.0ml)を加えた。滴下終了後、0℃で、0.5時間撹拌した後、tert-ブチルベンゼンより低沸点の成分を減圧留去した。-50℃まで冷却して三臭化ホウ素(2.0g)を加え、室温まで昇温して0.5時間撹拌した。その後、再び0℃まで冷却してN,N-ジイソプロピルエチルアミン(0.5g)を加え、発熱が収まるまで室温で撹拌した後、100℃まで昇温して1時間加熱撹拌した。反応液を室温まで冷却し、氷浴で冷やした酢酸ナトリウム水溶液、次いで酢酸エチルを加えて1時間撹拌した。黄色懸濁液をろ過し、その沈殿をメタノールで洗浄を行った。黄色結晶をトルエンに加熱溶解後シリカゲルショートカラム(溶離液:トルエン)で精製した。得られた粗生成物にトルエンを加え濃縮後ソルミックス(A-11)を加え、析出した結晶をろ過した。得られた結晶をメタノールで洗浄することで、化合物(v-19-27)を得た(0.88g)。
中間体(Int2-v-19-27)を中間体(Int3-v-19-27)に変更した以外は合成例(19)に記載の合成方法と同様の手順で、化合物(v-19-27)を得た(0.43g)。
LC-MSによりm/z=903.3790に目的物である化合物(v-21-4)を確認した。
NMRにより化合物(v-118-2)を確認した。
1H-NMR(500MHz,CDCl3):δ=1.96-2.19(m,18H),5.59-5.77(m,2H),6.36(t,1H),6.45-6.51(s,1H),6.58-6.63(m,6H),6.68-6.77(s,1H),6.90(t,1H),7.04(t,1H),7.12(d,1H),7.17-7.46(m,14H),7.66(t,1H),7.72(t,1H),8.03(d,1H),8.64(d,1H),8.74(d,1H),10.3(s,1H)
LC-MSによりm/z=1056.4322に目的物である化合物(v-118-2)を確認した。
NMRにより化合物(v-19-27)を確認した。
NMRにより化合物(v-19-1)を確認した。
1H-NMR(500MHz,CDCl3):δ=1.95-2.16(m,18H),5.59-5.74(m,2H),6.39-6.62(m,9H),6.88-7.02(m,3H),7.19-7.45(m,14H),7.60-7.65(m,2H),8.24(d,1H),8.49(d,1H),8.67(d,1H),10.5(s,1H)
MALDI m/z [M]+ calcd for C72H52B3N3O3S 1071.4033、 observed 1071.4035
1H-NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ=0.88-0.92(m,12H)、1.28-1.30(m,16H)、1.60-1.63(m,2H)、2.44-2.49(d,12H),2.68(d,4H),6.42(d,2H),6.56(s,2H),6.76(s,2H),6.95-7.02(m,4H),7.09(d,2H),7.18-7.26(m,6H),7.32(d,2H),7.39(t,2H),7.52(d,2H),7.69(t,2H),7.79(s,2H),8.46(d,2H),8.67(d,2H)
NMRにより化合物(v-131-3)を確認した。
1H-NMR(500MHz,CDCl3):δ=8.21(d,2H),8.14(d,2H),7.66(d,2H),7.52(t,2H),7.38(t,2H),7.29(s,2H),7.12-7.07(m,8H),6.76(t,2H),6.58(d,2H),6.38(s,2H),2.48(s,12H),1.05(s,9H)
LC-MSによりm/z=1241.5759に目的物である化合物(vi-70)を確認した。
LC-MSによりm/z=1295.6571に目的物である化合物(vi-82)を確認した。
LC-MSによりm/z=1079.6501に目的物である化合物(vi-53)を確認した。
「NPD」はN,N’-ジフェニル-N,N’-ジナフチル-4,4’-ジアミノビフェニルであり、
「TcTa」は4,4’,4”-トリス(N-カルバゾリル)トリフェニルアミンであり、
「mCP」は1,3-ビス(N-カルバゾリル)ベンゼンであり、
「2CzBN」は、3、4-ジカルバゾリルベンゾニトリルであり
「BPy-TP2」は2,7-ジ([2,2’-ビピリジン]-5-イル)トリフェニレンである。
「BH-1」および「RBD-1」と合わせて、以下に化学構造を示す。
結果を表2に示す。
<構成A:化合物(v-19-1)をドーパントとした素子>
スパッタリングにより200nmの厚さに製膜したITOを50nmまで研磨した、26mm×28mm×0.7mmのガラス基板((株)オプトサイエンス製)を透明支持基板とした。この透明支持基板を市販の蒸着装置(昭和真空(株)製)の基板ホルダーに固定し、NPD、TcTa、mCP、BH-1、化合物(v-19-1)、2CzBNおよびBPy-TP2をそれぞれ入れたモリブデン製蒸着用ボート、LiFおよびアルミニウムをそれぞれ入れたタングステン製蒸着用ボートを装着した。
実施例1のドーパントである化合物(v-19-1)を表1に記載の各ドーパントへ変更し素子を作製した。
作製された素子を、ITO電極を陽極、アルミニウム電極を陰極として直流電圧を印加し、輝度500cd/m2における、発光波長、半値幅、駆動電圧、電流密度、外部量子効率、およびLT50(初期輝度500cd/m2における電流密度で連続駆動させたときの250cd/m2になるまでの時間)を測定した。評価結果を表3に示す。
化合物RBD-2は分散膜の評価結果と素子(参考例1)の発光波長が異なった。素子中においてはホストが発光していると考えられる。化合物の分子量が大きいために蒸着時に分解が発生したことが理由と考えられる。
実施例1と比較例2とを比較すると、式(1B)で表される部分構造を1つまたは2つ有する類似骨格の化合物では、式(1B)で表される部分構造を2つ有する化合物の方が高いTADF性が得られていることがわかる。素子特性については高いTADF性を有する化合物(v-19-1)を用いたものの方が高効率、長寿命であった。
<構成B:化合物(v-19-1)をドーパントとした素子>
スパッタリングにより200nmの厚さに製膜したITOを50nmまで研磨した、26mm×28mm×0.7mmのガラス基板((株)オプトサイエンス製)を透明支持基板とした。この透明支持基板を市販の蒸着装置(昭和真空(株)製)の基板ホルダーに固定し、NPD、TcTa、mCP、BH-2、化合物(v-19-1)、2CzBNおよびBPy-TP2をそれぞれ入れたモリブデン製蒸着用ボート、LiFおよびアルミニウムをそれぞれ入れたタングステン製蒸着用ボートを装着した。
実施例2のドーパントである化合物(v-19-1)を表4に記載の各ドーパントへ変更し素子を作製した。
作製された素子を、ITO電極を陽極、アルミニウム電極を陰極として直流電圧を印加し、輝度500cd/m2における、発光波長、半値幅、駆動電圧、電流密度、外部量子効率、およびLT50(初期輝度500cd/m2における電流密度で連続駆動させたときの250cd/m2になるまでの時間)を測定した。評価結果を表5に示す。
<合成例:高分子ホスト化合物:SPH-101の合成>
国際公開第2015/008851号に記載の方法に従い、SPH-101を合成した。M1の隣にM2またはM3が結合した共重合体が得られ、仕込み比より各ユニットは50:26:24(モル比)であると推測される。下記構造式中、Meはメチル、Bpinはピナコラートボリル、*は各ユニットの連結箇所である。
特開2018-61028号広報に記載の方法に従い、XLP-101を合成した。M4の隣にはM5またはM6が結合した共重合体が得られ、仕込み比より各ユニットは40:10:50(モル比)であると推測される。下記構造式中、Meはメチル、Bpinはピナコラートボリル、*は各ユニットの連結箇所である。
キシレンにXLP-101を溶解させ、0.6wt%XLP-101溶液を調製した。
実施例F-1に係る発光層形成用組成物を調製できる。組成物の調製に用いた化合物を以下に示す。
<実施例F-1>
下記成分を均一な溶液になるまで撹拌することで発光層形成用組成物を調製する。
化合物(v-19-1) 0.04 質量%
SPH-101 1.96 質量%
キシレン 69.00 質量%
デカリン 29.00 質量%
調製した発光層形成用組成物をガラス基板にスピンコートし、減圧加熱乾燥することによって、膜欠陥がなく平滑性に優れた塗布膜が得られる。
実施例S-1および実施例S-2に架橋性正孔輸送材料を用いた有機EL素子の作製方法を、実施例S-3に直交溶媒系を用いた有機EL素子の作製方法を示した。作製する有機EL素子における。各層の材料構成を表6に示す。
市販のPEDOT:PSS溶液(Clevios(TM) P VP AI4083、PEDOT:PSSの水分散液、Heraeus Holdings社製)を用いる。
OTPD(LT-N159、Luminescence Technology Corp社製)およびIK-2(光カチオン重合開始剤、サンアプロ社製)をトルエンに溶解させ、OTPD濃度0.7wt%、IK-2濃度0.007wt%のOTPD溶液を調製する。
PCz(ポリビニルカルバゾール)をジクロロベンゼンに溶解させ、0.7wt%PCz溶液を調製した。
ITOが150nmの厚さに蒸着されたガラス基板上に、PEDOT:PSS溶液をスピンコートし、200℃のホットプレート上で1時間焼成し、膜厚40nmのPEDOT:PSS膜を成膜する(正孔注入層)。次いで、OTPD溶液をスピンコートし、80℃のホットプレート上で10分間乾燥する。露光機で露光強度100mJ/cm2で露光し、100℃のホットプレート上で1時間焼成することで、膜厚30nmの溶液に不溶なOTPD膜を成膜する(正孔輸送層)。次いで、実施例F-1の発光層形成用組成物をスピンコートし、120℃のホットプレート上で1時間焼成することで、膜厚20nmの発光層を成膜する。
101 基板
102 陽極
103 正孔注入層
104 正孔輸送層
105 発光層
106 電子輸送層
107 電子注入層
108 陰極
110 基板
120 電極
130 塗膜
140 塗膜
150 発光層
200 バンク
300 インクジェットヘッド
310 インクの液滴
Claims (40)
- 式(1A)で表される部分構造および少なくとも2つの式(1B)で表される部分構造からなる多環芳香族化合物;
A環およびB環は、それぞれ独立して、置換されていてもよいアリール環または置換されていてもよいヘテロアリール環であり、
RXDは、置換されていてもよいアリール、置換されていてもよいヘテロアリール、置換されていてもよいアルキルまたは置換されていてもよいシクロアルキルであり、破線が-X-または単結合となってA環と結合していてもよく、
RXDは、破線が-X-、-X’-または単結合となってB環と結合していてもよく、
C環は、それぞれ独立して、置換されていてもよいアリール環または置換されていてもよいヘテロアリール環であり、破線が-X-または単結合となって式(1B)で表される部分構造が結合している環またはXと(*)の位置で結合していてもよく、
RXEは、置換されていてもよいアリール、置換されていてもよいヘテロアリール、置換されていてもよいアルキルまたは置換されていてもよいシクロアルキルであり、破線が-X-または単結合となって式(1B)で表される部分構造が結合している環またはXと(*)の位置で結合していてもよく、
RXEは、破線が-X-、-X’-または単結合となってC環と結合していてもよく、
式(1B)で表される部分構造は*の位置でA環、B環およびRXDならびに別の式(1B)で表される部分構造中のC環およびRXEからなる群より選択される1つにおけるアリール環またはヘテロアリール環の環構成原子に結合し、
Yは、それぞれ独立して、B、P、P=OまたはP=Sであり、
Xは、それぞれ独立して、>C(-R)2、>N-R、>O、>Si(-R)2、>Sまたは>Seであり、
X’は、アリーレン、ヘテロアリーレン、またはアリーレンもしくはヘテロアリーレンと>C(-R)2、>N-R、>O、>Si(-R)2および>Sからなる群より選択される1つ以上との組み合わせからなる2価の連結基であり、
XおよびX’における前記>N-RのRは、水素、置換されていてもよいアリール、置換されていてもよいヘテロアリール、置換されていてもよいアルキル、置換されていてもよいシクロアルキルまたは(*)との結合手であり、XおよびX’における前記>C(-R)2および>Si(-R)2のRは、水素、置換されていてもよいアリール、置換されていてもよいアルキルまたは置換されていてもよいシクロアルキルであり、>C(-R)2および>Si(-R)2それぞれにおける2つのRは互いに結合して環を形成していてもよく、また、前記>N-R、前記>C(-R)2、および前記>Si(-R)2のRの少なくとも1つは連結基または単結合によりA環、B環、C環、RXD、またはRXEの少なくとも1つと結合していてもよく、
前記多環芳香族化合物におけるアリール環およびヘテロアリール環からなる群より選択される少なくとも1つは、少なくとも1つのシクロアルカンで縮合されていてもよく、当該シクロアルカンにおける少なくとも1つの水素は置換されていてもよく、当該シクロアルカンにおける少なくとも1つの-CH2-は-O-で置換されていてもよく、
前記多環芳香族化合物における少なくとも1つの水素は、重水素、シアノまたはハロゲンで置換されていてもよい。 - RXDが置換されていてもよいアリールまたは置換されていてもよいヘテロアリールであり、破線が-X-となってA環と結合しており、かつ
RXEが置換されていてもよいアリールまたは置換されていてもよいヘテロアリールである、請求項1に記載の多環芳香族化合物。 - 前記多環芳香族化合物は置換基を有していてもよい含窒素ヘテロアリール環を少なくとも1つ、A環、B環、C環、RXD、またはRXEとして含む、
請求項2に記載の多環芳香族化合物。 - 式(1B)で表される部分構造を2つ含み、
一方の式(1B)で表される部分構造は、
*の位置でB環におけるアリール環またはヘテロアリール環の環構成原子に結合し、
(*)の位置でB環とC環とが-X-を介して結合するようにB環におけるアリール環またはヘテロアリール環の環構成原子に結合し、
(*)の位置でB環とRXEとが-X-を介して結合するように、B環におけるアリール環またはヘテロアリール環の環構成原子に結合し、
他方の式(1B)で表される部分構造は、
*の位置でRXDにおけるアリール環またはヘテロアリール環の環構成原子に結合し、
(*)の位置でRXDとC環とが-X-を介して結合するようにRXDにおけるアリール環またはヘテロアリール環の環構成原子に結合し、
(*)の位置でRXDとRXEとが-X-を介して結合するように、RXDにおけるアリール環またはヘテロアリール環の環構成原子に結合している、請求項2または3に記載の多環芳香族化合物。 - 下記式で表される、請求項4に記載の多環芳香族化合物;
Yは、それぞれ独立して、B、P、P=OまたはP=Sであり、
Xは、それぞれ独立して、>C(-R)2、>N-R、>O、>Si(-R)2、>Sまたは>Seであり、前記>N-RのRは、置換されていてもよいアリール、置換されていてもよいヘテロアリール、置換されていてもよいアルキルまたは置換されていてもよいシクロアルキルであり、前記>C(-R)2および>Si(-R)2のRは、水素、置換されていてもよいアリール、置換されていてもよいアルキルまたは置換されていてもよいシクロアルキルであり、また連結基によって互いに結合していてもよく、また、前記>N-R、前記>C(-R)2、および前記>Si(-R)2のRの少なくとも1つは当該Rを含むXが直接結合するいずれかの炭素原子に隣接するZと連結基または単結合により結合していてもよく、
Zは、それぞれ独立して、-C(-RZ)=または-N=であり、隣り合う2つのZは、-C(-RZ)2-、-Si(-RZ)2-、-N(-RZ)-、-O-、-S-または-Se-に置き換えられてもよく、
RZは、それぞれ独立して、水素または置換基であり、RZのうちの隣接する基同士が結合して当該RZが結合する環と共にアリール環またはヘテロアリール環を形成していてもよく、形成された環は置換されていてもよく、
前記多環芳香族化合物におけるアリール環およびヘテロアリール環からなる群より選択される少なくとも1つは、少なくとも1つのシクロアルカンで縮合されていてもよく、当該シクロアルカンにおける少なくとも1つの水素は置換されていてもよく、当該シクロアルカンにおける少なくとも1つの-CH2-は-O-で置換されていてもよく、
前記多環芳香族化合物における少なくとも1つの水素は、重水素、シアノまたはハロゲンで置換されていてもよい。 - 式(1B)で表される部分構造を2つ含み、
いずれの式(1B)で表される部分構造においても、RXEは、破線が-X-または単結合となってC環と結合しており、
一方の式(1B)で表される部分構造は、
*の位置でB環におけるアリール環またはヘテロアリール環の環構成原子に結合し、
(*)の位置でB環とC環とが-X-を介して結合するようにB環におけるアリール環またはヘテロアリール環の環構成原子に結合しており、
他方の式(1B)で表される部分構造は、
*の位置でRXDにおけるアリール環またはヘテロアリール環の環構成原子に結合し、
(*)の位置でRXDとC環とが-X-を介して結合するようにRXDにおけるアリール環またはヘテロアリール環の環構成原子に結合している、
請求項2または3に記載の多環芳香族化合物。 - 下記式で表される、請求項7に記載の多環芳香族化合物;
Yは、それぞれ独立して、B、P、P=OまたはP=Sであり、
Xは、それぞれ独立して、>C(-R)2、>N-R、>O、>Si(-R)2、>Sまたは>Seであり、前記>N-RのRは、置換されていてもよいアリール、置換されていてもよいヘテロアリール、置換されていてもよいアルキルまたは置換されていてもよいシクロアルキルであり、前記>C(-R)2および>Si(-R)2のRは、水素、置換されていてもよいアリール、置換されていてもよいアルキルまたは置換されていてもよいシクロアルキルであり、また連結基によって互いに結合していてもよく、また、前記>N-R、前記>C(-R)2、および前記>Si(-R)2のRの少なくとも1つは当該Rを含むXが直接結合するいずれかの炭素原子に隣接するZと連結基または単結合により結合していてもよく、
Zは、それぞれ独立して、-C(-RZ)=または-N=であり、隣り合う2つのZは、-C(-RZ)2-、-Si(-RZ)2-、-N(-RZ)-、-O-、-S-または-Se-に置き換えられてもよく、
RZは、それぞれ独立して、水素または置換基であり、RZのうちの隣接する基同士が結合して当該RZが結合する環と共にアリール環またはヘテロアリール環を形成していてもよく、形成された環は置換されていてもよく、
前記多環芳香族化合物におけるアリール環およびヘテロアリール環からなる群より選択される少なくとも1つは、少なくとも1つのシクロアルカンで縮合されていてもよく、当該シクロアルカンにおける少なくとも1つの水素は置換されていてもよく、当該シクロアルカンにおける少なくとも1つの-CH2-は-O-で置換されていてもよく、
前記多環芳香族化合物における少なくとも1つの水素は、重水素、シアノまたはハロゲンで置換されていてもよい。 - 下記式で表される、請求項7に記載の多環芳香族化合物;
Yは、それぞれ独立して、B、P、P=OまたはP=Sであり、
Xは、それぞれ独立して、>C(-R)2、>N-R、>O、>Si(-R)2、>Sまたは>Seであり、前記>N-RのRは、置換されていてもよいアリール、置換されていてもよいヘテロアリール、置換されていてもよいアルキルまたは置換されていてもよいシクロアルキルであり、前記>C(-R)2および>Si(-R)2のRは、水素、置換されていてもよいアリール、置換されていてもよいアルキルまたは置換されていてもよいシクロアルキルであり、また連結基によって互いに結合していてもよく、また、前記>N-R、前記>C(-R)2、および前記>Si(-R)2のRの少なくとも1つは当該Rを含むXが直接結合するいずれかの炭素原子に隣接するZと連結基または単結合により結合していてもよく、
Zは、それぞれ独立して、-C(-RZ)=または-N=であり、隣り合う2つのZは、-C(-RZ)2-、-Si(-RZ)2-、-N(-RZ)-、-O-、S-または-Se-に置き換えられてもよく、少なくとも1つのZは-N=であり、
RZは、それぞれ独立して、水素または置換基であり、RZのうちの隣接する基同士が結合して当該RZが結合する環と共にアリール環またはヘテロアリール環を形成していてもよく、形成された環は置換されていてもよく、
前記多環芳香族化合物におけるアリール環およびヘテロアリール環からなる群より選択される少なくとも1つは、少なくとも1つのシクロアルカンで縮合されていてもよく、当該シクロアルカンにおける少なくとも1つの水素は置換されていてもよく、当該シクロアルカンにおける少なくとも1つの-CH2-は-O-で置換されていてもよく、
前記多環芳香族化合物における少なくとも1つの水素は、重水素、シアノまたはハロゲンで置換されていてもよい。 - 式(1B)で表される部分構造を2つ含み、
一方の式(1B)で表される部分構造において、RXEは、破線が-X-または単結合となってC環と結合しており、
*の位置でB環におけるアリール環またはヘテロアリール環の環構成原子に結合し、
(*)の位置でB環とC環とが-X-を介して結合するようにB環におけるアリール環またはヘテロアリール環の環構成原子に結合しており、
他方の式(1B)で表される部分構造は、
*の位置でRXDにおけるアリール環またはヘテロアリール環の環構成原子に結合し、
(*)の位置でRXDとC環とが-X-を介して結合するようにRXDにおけるアリール環またはヘテロアリール環の環構成原子に結合し、
(*)の位置でRXDとRXEとが-X-を介して結合するようにRXDにおけるアリール環またはヘテロアリール環の環構成原子に結合している、請求項2または3に記載の多環芳香族化合物。 - 下記式で表される、請求項11に記載の多環芳香族化合物;
Yは、それぞれ独立して、B、P、P=OまたはP=Sであり、
Xは、それぞれ独立して、>C(-R)2、>N-R、>O、>Si(-R)2、>Sまたは>Seであり、ただし、少なくとも1つのXは、>Oまたは>Sであり、前記>N-RのRは、置換されていてもよいアリール、置換されていてもよいヘテロアリール、置換されていてもよいアルキルまたは置換されていてもよいシクロアルキルであり、前記>C(-R)2および>Si(-R)2のRは、水素、置換されていてもよいアリール、置換されていてもよいアルキルまたは置換されていてもよいシクロアルキルであり、>C(-R)2および>Si(-R)2それぞれにおける2つのRは互いに結合して環を形成していてもよく、また、前記>N-R、前記>C(-R)2、および前記>Si(-R)2のRの少なくとも1つは当該Rを含むXが直接結合するいずれかの炭素原子に隣接するZと連結基または単結合により結合していてもよく、
Zは、それぞれ独立して、-C(-RZ)=または-N=であり、隣り合う2つのZは、-C(-RZ)2-、-Si(-RZ)2-、-N(-RZ)-、-O-、-S-または-Se-に置き換えられてもよく、
RZは、それぞれ独立して、水素または置換基であり、RZのうちの隣接する基同士が結合して当該RZが結合する環と共にアリール環またはヘテロアリール環を形成していてもよく、形成された環は置換されていてもよく、
前記多環芳香族化合物におけるアリール環およびヘテロアリール環からなる群より選択される少なくとも1つは、少なくとも1つのシクロアルカンで縮合されていてもよく、当該シクロアルカンにおける少なくとも1つの水素は置換されていてもよく、当該シクロアルカンにおける少なくとも1つの-CH2-は-O-で置換されていてもよく、
前記多環芳香族化合物における少なくとも1つの水素は、重水素、シアノまたはハロゲンで置換されていてもよい。 - 式(1B)で表される部分構造を2つ含み、
いずれの式(1B)で表される部分構造においても、
RXEは、破線が-X-または単結合となってC環と結合しており、
*の位置でA環におけるアリール環またはヘテロアリール環の環構成原子に結合し、
A環とB環とを結合するXおよびA環とRXDとを結合するXがいずれも単結合によりC環と結合している窒素原子である、請求項2または3に記載の多環芳香族化合物。 - 下記式で表される、請求項15に記載の多環芳香族化合物;
Yは、それぞれ独立して、B、P、P=OまたはP=Sであり、
Xは、それぞれ独立して、>C(-R)2、>N-R、>O、>Si(-R)2、>Sまたは>Seであり、前記>N-RのRは、置換されていてもよいアリール、置換されていてもよいヘテロアリール、置換されていてもよいアルキルまたは置換されていてもよいシクロアルキルであり、前記>C(-R)2および>Si(-R)2のRは、水素、置換されていてもよいアリール、置換されていてもよいアルキルまたは置換されていてもよいシクロアルキルであり、>C(-R)2および>Si(-R)2それぞれにおける2つのRは互いに結合して環を形成していてもよく、また、前記>N-R、前記>C(-R)2、および前記>Si(-R)2のRの少なくとも1つは当該Rを含むXが直接結合するいずれかの炭素原子に隣接するZと連結基または単結合により結合していてもよく、
Zは、それぞれ独立して、-C(-RZ)=または-N=であり、隣り合う2つのZは、-C(-RZ)2-、-Si(-RZ)2-、-N(-RZ)-、-O-、-S-または-Se-に置き換えられてもよく、
RZは、それぞれ独立して、水素または置換基であり、RZのうちの隣接する基同士が結合して当該RZが結合する環と共にアリール環またはヘテロアリール環を形成していてもよく、形成された環は置換されていてもよく、
前記多環芳香族化合物におけるアリール環およびヘテロアリール環からなる群より選択される少なくとも1つは、少なくとも1つのシクロアルカンで縮合されていてもよく、当該シクロアルカンにおける少なくとも1つの水素は置換されていてもよく、当該シクロアルカンにおける少なくとも1つの-CH2-は-O-で置換されていてもよく、
前記多環芳香族化合物における少なくとも1つの水素は、重水素、シアノまたはハロゲンで置換されていてもよい。 - 請求項1~17のいずれか一項に記載の多環芳香族化合物に反応性置換基が置換した、反応性化合物。
- 請求項18に記載の反応性化合物をモノマーとして高分子化させた高分子化合物、または、当該高分、化合物をさらに架橋させた高分子架橋体。
- 主鎖型高分子に請求項18に記載の反応性化合物を置換させたペンダント型高分子化合物、または、当該ペンダント型高分子化合物をさらに架橋させたペンダント型高分子架橋体。
- 請求項1~17のいずれか一項に記載の多環芳香族化合物を含有する、有機デバイス用材料。
- 請求項18に記載の反応性化合物を含有する、有機デバイス用材料。
- 請求項19に記載の高分子化合物または高分子架橋体を含有する、有機デバイス用材料。
- 請求項20に記載のペンダント型高分子化合物またはペンダント型高分子架橋体を含有する、有機デバイス用材料。
- 前記有機デバイス用材料が、有機電界発光素子用材料、有機電界効果トランジスタ用材料または有機薄膜太陽電池用材料である、請求項21~24のいずれか一項に記載の有機デバイス用材料。
- 前記有機電界発光素子用材料が発光層用材料である、請求項25に記載の有機デバイス用材料。
- 請求項1~17のいずれか一項に記載の多環芳香族化合物と、有機溶媒とを含む、組成物。
- 請求項18に記載の反応性化合物と、有機溶媒とを含む、組成物。
- 主鎖型高分子と、請求項18に記載の反応性化合物と、有機溶媒とを含む、組成物。
- 請求項19に記載の高分子化合物または高分子架橋体と、有機溶媒とを含む、組成物。
- 請求項20に記載のペンダント型高分子化合物またはペンダント型高分子架橋体と、有機溶媒とを含む、組成物。
- 陽極および陰極からなる一対の電極と、該一対の電極間に配置され、請求項1~17のいずれか一項に記載の多環芳香族化合物、請求項18に記載の反応性化合物、請求項19に記載の高分子化合物もしくは高分子架橋体、または、請求項20に記載のペンダント型高分子化合物もしくはペンダント型高分子架橋体を含有する有機層とを有する、有機電界発光素子。
- 前記有機層が発光層である、請求項32に記載の有機電界発光素子。
- 前記発光層が、ホストと、ドーパントとしての前記多環芳香族化合物、反応性化合物、高分子化合物、高分子架橋体、ペンダント型高分子化合物またはペンダント型高分子架橋体とを含む、請求項33に記載の有機電界発光素子。
- 前記ホストが、アントラセン系化合物、フルオレン系化合物またはジベンゾクリセン系化合物である、請求項34に記載の有機電界発光素子。
- 前記陰極と前記発光層との間に配置される電子輸送層および電子注入層の少なくとも1つの層を有し、該電子輸送層および電子注入層の少なくとも1つは、ボラン誘導体、ピリジン誘導体、フルオランテン誘導体、BO系誘導体、アントラセン誘導体、ベンゾフルオレン誘導体、ホスフィンオキサイド誘導体、ピリミジン誘導体、アリールニトリル誘導体、トリアジン誘導体、ベンゾイミダゾール誘導体、フェナントロリン誘導体およびキノリノール系金属錯体からなる群から選択される少なくとも1つを含有する、請求項33~35のいずれか一項に記載の有機電界発光素子。
- 前記電子輸送層および電子注入層の少なくとも1つの層が、さらに、アルカリ金属、アルカリ土類金属、希土類金属、アルカリ金属の酸化物、アルカリ金属のハロゲン化物、アルカリ土類金属の酸化物、アルカリ土類金属のハロゲン化物、希土類金属の酸化物、希土類金属のハロゲン化物、アルカリ金属の有機錯体、アルカリ土類金属の有機錯体および希土類金属の有機錯体からなる群から選択される少なくとも1つを含有する、請求項36に記載の有機電界発光素子。
- 正孔注入層、正孔輸送層、発光層、電子輸送層および電子注入層のうちの少なくとも1つの層が、各層を形成し得る低分子化合物をモノマーとして高分子化させた高分子化合物、もしくは、当該高分子化合物をさらに架橋させた高分子架橋体、または、各層を形成し得る低分子化合物を主鎖型高分子と反応させたペンダント型高分子化合物、もしくは、当該ペンダント型高分子化合物をさらに架橋させたペンダント型高分子架橋体を含む、請求項33~37のいずれか一項に記載の有機電界発光素子。
- 請求項32~38のいずれか一項に記載の有機電界発光素子を備えた表示装置または照明装置。
- 請求項1~17のいずれか一項に記載の多環芳香族化合物、請求項18に記載の反応性化合物、請求項19に記載の高分子化合物もしくは高分子架橋体、または、請求項20に記載のペンダント型高分子化合物もしくはペンダント型高分子架橋体を含有する波長変換材料。
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