WO2022012649A1 - 固态电解质材料及其制备方法与应用 - Google Patents
固态电解质材料及其制备方法与应用 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022012649A1 WO2022012649A1 PCT/CN2021/106665 CN2021106665W WO2022012649A1 WO 2022012649 A1 WO2022012649 A1 WO 2022012649A1 CN 2021106665 W CN2021106665 W CN 2021106665W WO 2022012649 A1 WO2022012649 A1 WO 2022012649A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
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- solid
- rare earth
- electrolyte material
- solid electrolyte
- ionic conductivity
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
- H01M10/0561—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of inorganic materials only
- H01M10/0562—Solid materials
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/4235—Safety or regulating additives or arrangements in electrodes, separators or electrolyte
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2300/00—Electrolytes
- H01M2300/0085—Immobilising or gelification of electrolyte
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Definitions
- the present application relates to the field of solid-state batteries, in particular to a rare earth halide solid-state electrolyte material and a preparation method and application thereof.
- All-solid-state batteries based on solid-state electrolytes are an important development direction for power batteries, and are expected to achieve higher specific energy density than traditional lithium-ion batteries based on liquid electrolytes, and can completely solve the safety problems of traditional lithium-ion batteries.
- Solid-state electrolyte materials with excellent performance are the key to all-solid-state batteries. It is generally desirable for solid-state electrolytes to have the following three properties: (1) excellent intrinsic electrochemical properties, including high room temperature ionic conductivity and suitable electrochemical window; (2) good physicochemical stability, which is convenient for solid-state batteries manufacturing; (3) lower raw material and manufacturing costs to meet the economic viability of solid-state batteries for commercial applications.
- Japan's Panasonic reported two new halide solid-state electrolytes, Li 3 YCl 6 and Li 3 YBr 6 , whose ionic conductivities at room temperature can reach 0.51mS ⁇ cm -1 and 1.7mS ⁇ cm -1 , respectively, and their oxidation potentials can be up to 4.21V and 3.15V, showing good application potential, thus arousing extensive interest in halide solid electrolytes.
- Li 3 ErCl 6, Li 3 InCl 6 and Li 3 ScCl 6 materials have been reported, respectively, up to room temperature ionic conductivity 0.31mS ⁇ cm -1, 2.04mS ⁇ cm -1 and 3mS ⁇ cm -1, in which Li 3 Both InCl 6 and Li 3 ScCl 6 have electrochemical oxidation potentials above 4V.
- the In and Sc elements used in Li 3 InCl 6 and Li 3 ScCl 6 are expensive, which is very unfavorable for their future industrial applications.
- Li 3 YCl 6, Li 3 YBr 6, Li 3 ErCl 6 on the one hand the oxidation potential is still low; on the other hand can easily absorb moisture, poor stability in air, is not conducive to producing solid-state battery.
- the purpose of this application is to improve the properties of rare earth halide solid electrolyte materials, especially to improve its electrochemical oxidation potential and air stability, so as to obtain new materials with better comprehensive properties.
- a rare earth halide-collecting solid state electrolyte material is provided, the general chemical formula is Li a REX b F c , wherein RE is at least one of rare earth elements Y, Er, and Yb, and X is Cl, One or both of Br, 2.5 ⁇ a ⁇ 3.5, 3.5 ⁇ b ⁇ 6.5, 0 ⁇ c ⁇ 2.
- the lower limit of a is selected from 2.5, 2.8, 2.9, 3, 3.08, 3.1, 3.2 or 3.45
- the upper limit is selected from 2.8, 2.9, 3, 3.08, 3.1, 3.2, 3.45 or 3.5;
- the lower limit of b is selected from 3.5, 4, 4.2, 4.5, 5.4, 5.5, 5.6, 5.7, 5.9, 6, 6.1 or 6.4
- the upper limit is selected from 4, 4.2, 4.5, 5.4, 5.5, 5.6, 5.7, 5.9, 6, 6.1 or 6.4.
- the lower limit of c is selected from 0.05, 0.08, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.5, 1.5 or 1.8 and the upper limit is selected from 0.08, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.5, 1.5, 1.8 or 2.
- RE is one of rare earth elements Y, Er, and Yb
- X is one of Cl and Br.
- X is Cl, 2.8 ⁇ a ⁇ 3.2, 5.7 ⁇ b ⁇ 6, and 0 ⁇ c ⁇ 0.2.
- the introduction of F will not cause the change of the crystal phase of the chloride, so it can not only ensure that the material has a high ionic conductivity, but also can significantly improve its oxidation potential.
- the ionic conductivity of the solid electrolyte material is ⁇ 0.45mS ⁇ cm -1 , preferably ⁇ 0.5mS ⁇ cm -1 , more preferably ⁇ 0.69mS ⁇ cm -1 ;
- the electrochemical oxidation potential of the solid electrolyte material is ⁇ 4.33V, preferably >4.38V, more preferably ⁇ 4.50V;
- the relative moisture absorption rate of the solid electrolyte material is ⁇ 58%, preferably ⁇ 54%, more preferably ⁇ 50%.
- a small amount of F substitution can increase the oxidation potential of Li 3 YCl 6 from 4.10V to 4.50V while maintaining the ionic conductivity of 0.50mS ⁇ cm ⁇ 1 .
- the hygroscopicity of the material is also significantly improved, and the relative hygroscopicity under the same conditions is reduced by 50% compared with the non-doped F.
- X is Br, 2.8 ⁇ a ⁇ 3.2, 4 ⁇ b ⁇ 6.1, and 0.1 ⁇ c ⁇ 1.5.
- the introduction amount of F is in this range, the ionic conductivity of the material can be maintained at a high level, and its oxidation potential can be effectively improved.
- a certain amount of F substitution can increase the oxidation potential of Li 3 YBr 6 from 3.12V to 3.52V while maintaining its ionic conductivity at 2.10mS ⁇ cm ⁇ 1 .
- the hygroscopicity of the material has also been greatly improved, with the relative hygroscopicity reduced by 63% under the same conditions.
- the ionic conductivity of the solid electrolyte material is ⁇ 0.75mS ⁇ cm -1 , preferably ⁇ 1.25mS ⁇ cm -1 , more preferably ⁇ 1.84mS ⁇ cm -1 ;
- the electrochemical oxidation potential of the solid electrolyte material is ⁇ 3.35V, preferably >3.41V, more preferably ⁇ 3.52V;
- the relative moisture absorption rate of the solid electrolyte material is ⁇ 44%, preferably ⁇ 36%, more preferably ⁇ 29%.
- a second aspect of the present application provides a method for preparing the rare earth halide solid state electrolyte material according to any one of the above, including:
- (1) take by weighing raw material according to the composition shown in the chemical formula and the molar ratio, and the raw material is the halide of Li and the halide of RE;
- the raw material contains at least one fluoride.
- the specific conditions of the solid-phase sintering in step (3) include:
- the sintering temperature is 500 ⁇ 700°C;
- the sintering time is 2 to 12 hours.
- a third aspect of the present application provides a solid-state battery, the solid-state electrolyte of which is any one of the rare earth halide solid state electrolyte materials described above or the rare earth halide solid state electrolyte materials prepared by any of the above-mentioned preparation methods. at least one.
- the rare earth halide solid state electrolyte material provided by the present application contains F element.
- the present application is precisely by introducing the F element and adjusting the composition, on the premise of maintaining the high ionic conductivity of the rare earth halide electrolyte material, to effectively improve the electrochemical oxidation potential and air stability of the rare earth halide electrolyte material.
- the ionic conductivity of the material usually increases in order of F, Cl, Br, and I, but the electrochemical oxidation potential decreases in order of F, Cl, Br, and I.
- the inventor accidentally discovered that the F component is properly regulated, and F doping not only does not cause the reduction of the halide ion conductivity, but improves it instead.
- the mechanism is not very clear, and it may be related to the change of the local microstructure of the material caused by F doping, making it more favorable for the transport of Li ions.
- the present application actually provides a technical solution for effectively improving the comprehensive performance of rare earth halide solid state electrolytes such as Li 3 YCl 6 and Li 3 YBr 6 , and produces unexpected and outstanding effects.
- the present application provides a rare earth halide solid state electrolyte material, the general chemical formula is Li a REX b F c , wherein RE is at least one of rare earth elements Y, Er, and Yb, and X is one of Cl, Br or Two, 2.5 ⁇ a ⁇ 3.5, 3.5 ⁇ b ⁇ 6.5, 0 ⁇ c ⁇ 2.
- the lower limit of a is selected from 2.5, 2.8, 2.9, 3, 3.08, 3.1, 3.2 or 3.45
- the upper limit is selected from 2.8, 2.9, 3, 3.08, 3.1, 3.2, 3.45 or 3.5;
- the lower limit of b is selected from 3.5, 4, 4.2, 4.5, 5.4, 5.5, 5.6, 5.7, 5.9, 6, 6.1 or 6.4
- the upper limit is selected from 4, 4.2, 4.5, 5.4, 5.5, 5.6, 5.7, 5.9, 6, 6.1 or 6.4.
- the lower limit of c is selected from 0.05, 0.08, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.5, 1.5 or 1.8 and the upper limit is selected from 0.08, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.5, 1.5, 1.8 or 2.
- RE is one of rare earth elements Y, Er, and Yb
- X is one of Cl and Br.
- X is Cl, 2.8 ⁇ a ⁇ 3.2, 5.7 ⁇ b ⁇ 6, and 0 ⁇ c ⁇ 0.2.
- the introduction of F will not cause the change of the crystal phase of the chloride, so it can not only ensure that the material has a high ionic conductivity, but also can significantly improve its oxidation potential.
- the ionic conductivity of the solid electrolyte material is ⁇ 0.45mS ⁇ cm -1 , preferably ⁇ 0.5mS ⁇ cm -1 , more preferably ⁇ 0.69mS ⁇ cm -1 ;
- the electrochemical oxidation potential of the solid electrolyte material is ⁇ 4.33V, preferably >4.38V, more preferably ⁇ 4.50V;
- the relative moisture absorption rate of the solid electrolyte material is ⁇ 58%, preferably ⁇ 54%, more preferably ⁇ 50%.
- a small amount of F substitution can increase the oxidation potential of Li 3 YCl 6 from 4.10V to 4.50V while maintaining the ionic conductivity of 0.50mS ⁇ cm ⁇ 1 .
- the hygroscopicity of the material is also significantly improved, and the relative hygroscopicity under the same conditions is reduced by 50% compared with the non-doped F.
- X is Br, 2.8 ⁇ a ⁇ 3.2, 4 ⁇ b ⁇ 6.1, and 0.1 ⁇ c ⁇ 1.5.
- the introduction amount of F is in this range, the ionic conductivity of the material can be maintained at a high level, and its oxidation potential can be effectively improved.
- a certain amount of F substitution can increase the oxidation potential of Li 3 YBr 6 from 3.12V to 3.52V while maintaining its ionic conductivity at 2.10mS ⁇ cm ⁇ 1 .
- the hygroscopicity of the material has also been greatly improved, with the relative hygroscopicity reduced by 63% under the same conditions.
- the ionic conductivity of the solid electrolyte material is ⁇ 0.75mS ⁇ cm -1 , preferably ⁇ 1.25mS ⁇ cm -1 , more preferably ⁇ 1.84mS ⁇ cm -1 ;
- the electrochemical oxidation potential of the solid electrolyte material is ⁇ 3.35V, preferably >3.41V, more preferably ⁇ 3.52V;
- the relative moisture absorption rate of the solid electrolyte material is ⁇ 44%, preferably ⁇ 36%, more preferably ⁇ 29%.
- the present application also provides a method for preparing the rare earth halide solid state electrolyte material described in any of the above, including:
- (1) take by weighing raw material according to the composition shown in the chemical formula and the molar ratio, and the raw material is the halide of Li and the halide of RE;
- the raw material contains at least one fluoride.
- the specific conditions of the solid-phase sintering in step (3) include:
- the sintering temperature is 500 ⁇ 700°C;
- the sintering time is 2 to 12 hours.
- step (3) the rare earth halide solid electrolyte material is obtained by grinding and crushing after sintering.
- the present application also provides a solid-state battery, the solid-state electrolyte of which is at least one of the rare earth halide solid state electrolyte material described in any one of the above and the rare earth halide solid state electrolyte material prepared by the preparation method described in any one of the above.
- the electrolyte material is pressed into the mold cell, the thickness of the electrolyte layer is measured and recorded as L, and then a carbon/electrolyte/carbon symmetrical blocking electrode cell is assembled in the mold cell, and the AC impedance of the cell under open circuit conditions is measured.
- the electrochemical oxidation stability potential was measured by linear voltammetry.
- the cell configuration was BE/SSE+C/SSE/Li, the scan rate was 1mV/s, and the voltage range was Voc ⁇ 7V.
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Abstract
Description
Claims (9)
- 一种稀土卤化物固态电解质材料,其特征在于,化学通式为Li aREX bF c,其中RE为稀土元素Y、Er、Yb中的至少一种,X为Cl、Br中的一种或两种,2.5≤a≤3.5,3.5≤b<6.5,0<c≤2。
- 根据权利要求1所述的固态电解质材料,其特征在于,RE为稀土元素Y、Er、Yb中的一种,X为Cl、Br中的一种。
- 根据权利要求1所述的固态电解质材料,其特征在于,X为Cl,2.8≤a≤3.2,5.7≤b≤6,0<c≤0.2。
- 根据权利要求1所述的固态电解质材料,其特征在于,X为Br,2.8≤a≤3.2,4≤b≤6.1,0.1≤c≤1.5。
- 根据权利要求3所述的固态电解质材料,其特征在于,其离子电导率≥0.45mS·cm -1,电化学氧化电位≥4.33V。
- 根据权利要求4所述的固态电解质材料,其特征在于,其离子电导率≥0.75mS·cm -1,电化学氧化电位≥3.35V。
- 权利要求1~6任一项所述稀土卤化物固态电解质材料的制备方法,其特征在于,包括:(1)根据化学通式所示成分及摩尔比称取原料,所述原料为Li的卤化物和RE的卤化物;(2)将称取的原料研磨成粉,混合,得到原料混合物;(3)对所述原料混合物进行固相烧结,得到所述稀土卤化物固态电解质材料。
- 根据权利要求7所述的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(3)所述固相烧结的具体条件包括:在真空或干燥惰性气氛条件下进行;烧结温度为500~700℃;烧结时间为2~12h。
- 一种固态电池,其特征在于,其固态电解质为权利要求1~6任一项所述稀土卤化物固态电解质材料、权利要求7或8所述制备方 法制备的稀土卤化物固态电解质材料中的至少一种。
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KR1020227046258A KR20230019155A (ko) | 2020-07-17 | 2021-07-16 | 고체 전해질 재료 및 그 제조 방법과 응용 |
JP2022581601A JP2023532554A (ja) | 2020-07-17 | 2021-07-16 | 固体電解質材料及びその製造方法並びに応用 |
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CN114864944A (zh) * | 2022-05-18 | 2022-08-05 | 天津中能锂业有限公司 | 一种具有多孔固态电解质层的金属锂带及其制备方法 |
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2020
- 2020-07-17 CN CN202010694069.4A patent/CN113948763B/zh active Active
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2021
- 2021-07-16 WO PCT/CN2021/106665 patent/WO2022012649A1/zh active Application Filing
- 2021-07-16 JP JP2022581601A patent/JP2023532554A/ja active Pending
- 2021-07-16 KR KR1020227046258A patent/KR20230019155A/ko unknown
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US20200212478A1 (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2020-07-02 | Panasonic Intellectual Property Management Co., Ltd. | Solid electrolyte material and battery using same |
CN109775744A (zh) * | 2019-01-11 | 2019-05-21 | 蜂巢能源科技有限公司 | 卤化钇锂的制备方法及其在固态电解质和电池中的应用 |
CN110137561A (zh) * | 2019-04-29 | 2019-08-16 | 国联汽车动力电池研究院有限责任公司 | 锂二次电池添加剂及其制备方法与应用 |
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CN113948763A (zh) | 2022-01-18 |
JP2023532554A (ja) | 2023-07-28 |
KR20230019155A (ko) | 2023-02-07 |
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