WO2022009837A1 - 導電性インク - Google Patents
導電性インク Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022009837A1 WO2022009837A1 PCT/JP2021/025305 JP2021025305W WO2022009837A1 WO 2022009837 A1 WO2022009837 A1 WO 2022009837A1 JP 2021025305 W JP2021025305 W JP 2021025305W WO 2022009837 A1 WO2022009837 A1 WO 2022009837A1
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- 239000002082 metal nanoparticle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 116
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- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
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- ADZWSOLPGZMUMY-UHFFFAOYSA-M silver bromide Chemical compound [Ag]Br ADZWSOLPGZMUMY-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910001958 silver carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- LKZMBDSASOBTPN-UHFFFAOYSA-L silver carbonate Substances [Ag].[O-]C([O-])=O LKZMBDSASOBTPN-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229940096017 silver fluoride Drugs 0.000 description 1
- HKZLPVFGJNLROG-UHFFFAOYSA-M silver monochloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Ag+] HKZLPVFGJNLROG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- REYHXKZHIMGNSE-UHFFFAOYSA-M silver monofluoride Chemical compound [F-].[Ag+] REYHXKZHIMGNSE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910000367 silver sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CLDWGXZGFUNWKB-UHFFFAOYSA-M silver;benzoate Chemical compound [Ag+].[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 CLDWGXZGFUNWKB-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- FTNNQMMAOFBTNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M silver;formate Chemical compound [Ag+].[O-]C=O FTNNQMMAOFBTNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- ONVGIJBNBDUBCM-UHFFFAOYSA-N silver;silver Chemical compound [Ag].[Ag+] ONVGIJBNBDUBCM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004079 stearyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930006978 terpinene Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000003507 terpinene derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- YBRBMKDOPFTVDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butylamine Chemical compound CC(C)(C)N YBRBMKDOPFTVDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XTVMZZBLCLWBPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butylcyclohexane Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1CCCCC1 XTVMZZBLCLWBPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000383 tetramethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 229920002803 thermoplastic polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-cinnamyl beta-D-glucopyranoside Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(CO)OC1OCC=CC1=CC=CC=C1 KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IMFACGCPASFAPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributylamine group Chemical group C(CCC)N(CCCC)CCCC IMFACGCPASFAPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003258 trimethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:2])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[*:1] 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 230000004580 weight loss Effects 0.000 description 1
- SCWPFSIZUZUCCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N β-terpinene Chemical compound CC(C)C1=CCC(=C)CC1 SCWPFSIZUZUCCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
- H01B1/20—Conductive material dispersed in non-conductive organic material
- H01B1/22—Conductive material dispersed in non-conductive organic material the conductive material comprising metals or alloys
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D5/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces to obtain special surface effects, finishes or structures
- B05D5/12—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces to obtain special surface effects, finishes or structures to obtain a coating with specific electrical properties
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D11/00—Inks
- C09D11/02—Printing inks
- C09D11/03—Printing inks characterised by features other than the chemical nature of the binder
- C09D11/033—Printing inks characterised by features other than the chemical nature of the binder characterised by the solvent
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D11/00—Inks
- C09D11/02—Printing inks
- C09D11/03—Printing inks characterised by features other than the chemical nature of the binder
- C09D11/037—Printing inks characterised by features other than the chemical nature of the binder characterised by the pigment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D11/00—Inks
- C09D11/02—Printing inks
- C09D11/10—Printing inks based on artificial resins
- C09D11/106—Printing inks based on artificial resins containing macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D11/00—Inks
- C09D11/30—Inkjet printing inks
- C09D11/32—Inkjet printing inks characterised by colouring agents
- C09D11/322—Pigment inks
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D11/00—Inks
- C09D11/30—Inkjet printing inks
- C09D11/36—Inkjet printing inks based on non-aqueous solvents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D11/00—Inks
- C09D11/30—Inkjet printing inks
- C09D11/38—Inkjet printing inks characterised by non-macromolecular additives other than solvents, pigments or dyes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D11/00—Inks
- C09D11/52—Electrically conductive inks
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D5/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
- C09D5/24—Electrically-conducting paints
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K1/00—Printed circuits
- H05K1/02—Details
- H05K1/09—Use of materials for the conductive, e.g. metallic pattern
- H05K1/092—Dispersed materials, e.g. conductive pastes or inks
- H05K1/097—Inks comprising nanoparticles and specially adapted for being sintered at low temperature
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K3/00—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
- H05K3/10—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits in which conductive material is applied to the insulating support in such a manner as to form the desired conductive pattern
- H05K3/12—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits in which conductive material is applied to the insulating support in such a manner as to form the desired conductive pattern using thick film techniques, e.g. printing techniques to apply the conductive material or similar techniques for applying conductive paste or ink patterns
- H05K3/1283—After-treatment of the printed patterns, e.g. sintering or curing methods
Definitions
- the present disclosure relates to a novel conductive ink, a method for manufacturing an electronic device using the conductive ink, and an electronic device provided with a sintered body of the conductive ink.
- wiring, etc. Conventionally, the formation of an electronic device (for example, an electronic circuit) provided with wiring, electrodes, etc. (hereinafter, may be referred to as "wiring, etc.") has been performed by an etching method or the like.
- wiring, etc. a method of directly forming by printing is being studied.
- bulk silver has a high melting point of 962 ° C, but nano-sized silver particles (silver nanoparticles) fuse with each other at a temperature of about 100 ° C. It is possible to form wiring or the like having excellent conductivity on a general-purpose plastic substrate having a low value. However, the problem with nano-sized metal particles is that they tend to aggregate.
- Patent Document 1 describes that aggregation is suppressed by coating the surface of silver nanoparticles with amines, and silver nanoparticles whose surface is coated with amines in this way are referred to as n-octane and decalin.
- the conductive ink obtained by dispersing in a dispersion medium containing 10 to 50% by weight of a hydrocarbon such as tetradecane and 50 to 90% by weight of an alcohol such as n-butanol and cyclohexanemethanol is a dispersion stability of silver nanoparticles. It is described that it is excellent and can be suitably used for forming wiring or the like directly on a substrate by a printing method, and that a sintered body having excellent conductivity can be obtained by sintering the conductive ink. ..
- the sintered body obtained by using the conductive ink described in Patent Document 1 has low adhesion to the substrate, for example, in order to prevent the sintered body from being damaged during transportation, it is baked during transportation.
- a protective film may be attached to the surface of the body, but there is a problem that the sintered body is also peeled off from the substrate when the protective film is peeled off.
- the conductive ink containing metal nanoparticles is required to have the following characteristics 1 to 4. 1. 1. 2. Have a viscosity suitable for coating. 2. It contains metal nanoparticles in a highly dispersed state and has a uniform composition. 3. By subjecting to sintering, a sintered body with excellent conductivity can be obtained. By subjecting to sintering, a sintered body with excellent substrate adhesion can be obtained.
- a tackifier such as a rubber-like elastic body, a terpene resin, a rosin resin, a petroleum resin, or a silane coupling agent may be added. Conceivable. However, when these are added to the conductive ink, the coatability may be lowered due to the thickening, or the conductivity of the obtained sintered body may be lowered.
- a method of adding a compound having a hydroxyl group, a carbonyl group, an ether bond, etc. to improve the adhesion of the sintered body to the substrate by interaction such as hydrogen bonding can be considered, but these are added to the conductive ink.
- the metal nanoparticles tend to aggregate, and it becomes difficult to maintain the composition uniformly. That is, at present, no method has been found for imparting the characteristic 4 (adhesion to the substrate) to the conductive ink without impairing the above-mentioned characteristics 1 to 3.
- the inventors of the present disclosure disperse metal nanoparticles whose surface is coated with an organic protective agent in a specific dispersion medium, and specify a polyvinyl acetal resin in the conductive ink. It has been found that when the amount is added, excellent conductivity and substrate adhesion can be imparted to the sintered body of the conductive ink without deteriorating the coatability of the conductive ink and the dispersibility of the metal nanoparticles.
- the invention of the present disclosure has been completed based on these findings.
- the “nanoparticle” means a particle having a primary particle size (average primary particle diameter) of 0.1 nm or more and less than 1000 nm.
- the particle size is obtained by a dynamic light scattering method.
- the boiling point in the present specification is a value under normal pressure (760 mmHg).
- the present disclosure includes the following components (A), (B), and (C), and the content of the component (C) is 0.1 to 5.0 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the component (A).
- a conductive ink having a viscosity at 25 ° C. of 100 mPa ⁇ s or less is provided.
- Component (A) Component: Surface-modified metal nanoparticles (B) having a structure in which the surface of the metal nanoparticles is coated with an organic protective agent
- Component Dispersion containing alcohol (b-1) and hydrocarbon (b-2)
- the total content of alcohol (b-1) and hydrocarbon (b-2) is preferably 70% by weight or more of the total amount of component (B).
- the ratio of the contents of alcohol (b-1) and hydrocarbon (b-2) ((b-1) / (b-2) (weight ratio)) is 50/50 to 95/5. Is preferable.
- the organic protective agent of the component (A) is a compound having at least one functional group selected from the group consisting of a carboxyl group, a hydroxyl group, an amino group, a sulfo group, and a thiol group. Is preferable.
- the organic protective agent of the component (A) is preferably a compound having at least an amino group.
- the alcohol (b-1) is preferably an alicyclic secondary alcohol and / or an alicyclic tertiary alcohol.
- the hydrocarbon (b-2) preferably contains an aliphatic hydrocarbon.
- the weight average molecular weight of the polyvinyl acetal resin as the component (C) is preferably 0.1 ⁇ 10 4 to 30.0 ⁇ 10 4 .
- the component (C) contains a polyvinyl butyral resin.
- the polyvinyl acetal resin of the component (C) contains a polyvinyl acetal resin having a peak in the region of 1760 to 1800 cm-1 in the measurement of FT-IR.
- the volume resistivity of the sintered body obtained by sintering the conductive ink at 120 ° C. for 30 minutes may be 10 ⁇ cm or less.
- the metal nanoparticles constituting the component (A) are preferably silver nanoparticles.
- the conductive ink may be used for inkjet printing, dip coating printing, slit coating printing, spin coating printing or spray printing.
- the conductive ink preferably further contains the following component (D).
- the dispersion stabilizer of the component (D) is a compound having at least an amino group.
- the present disclosure comprises a step of mixing the component (B) and the component (C) to prepare a mixed solution.
- a method for producing the conductive ink which comprises a step of further mixing the component (A) with the mixed solution.
- the step of mixing the component (B) and the component (C) to prepare a mixed solution preferably further comprises mixing the following component (D).
- the present disclosure also comprises a step of applying the conductive ink on a substrate by inkjet printing, dip coat printing, slit coat printing, spin coat printing or spray printing, and a step of sintering, and manufacturing an electronic device.
- a step of applying the conductive ink on a substrate by inkjet printing, dip coat printing, slit coat printing, spin coat printing or spray printing and a step of sintering, and manufacturing an electronic device.
- the present disclosure provides an electronic device provided with a sintered body of the conductive ink on a substrate.
- the conductive ink of the present disclosure has a low viscosity and excellent coatability. Further, the conductive ink of the present disclosure is applied to the surface of a substrate and then sintered to form a sintered body having excellent adhesion to the substrate. In addition, the sintered body has excellent conductivity.
- the conductive ink of the present disclosure contains the following components (A), (B), and (C), and the content of the component (C) is 0.1 to 5.0 with respect to 100 parts by weight of the component (A). It is a part by weight and has a viscosity at 25 ° C. of 100 mPa ⁇ s or less.
- Component (A) Component: Surface-modified metal nanoparticles (B) having a structure in which the surface of the metal nanoparticles is coated with an organic protective agent
- Component Dispersion containing alcohol (b-1) and hydrocarbon (b-2)
- the surface-modified metal nanoparticles (A) in the present disclosure have a structure in which the surface of the metal nanoparticles is coated with an organic protective agent. Therefore, in the surface-modified metal nanoparticles (A) in the present disclosure, the spacing between the metal nanoparticles is secured and aggregation is suppressed. That is, the surface-modified metal nanoparticles (A) in the present disclosure are excellent in dispersibility.
- the proportion of the organic protective agent in the surface-modified metal nanoparticles (A) is, for example, about 1 to 20% by weight (preferably 1 to 10% by weight) of the weight of the metal nanoparticles.
- the weights of the metal nanoparticles and the organic protective agent in the surface-modified metal nanoparticles can be obtained, for example, from the weight loss rate in a specific temperature range by subjecting the surface-modified metal nanoparticles to thermal weight measurement.
- the average primary particle diameter of the metal nanoparticles in the surface-modified metal nanoparticles (A) is, for example, 0.5 to 100 nm, preferably 0.5 to 80 nm, more preferably 1 to 70 nm, and further preferably 1 to 60 nm. be.
- the average primary particle size is obtained by the dynamic light scattering method described in the examples.
- the metal constituting the metal nanoparticles in the surface-modified metal nanoparticles (A) may be any metal having conductivity, for example, gold, silver, copper, nickel, aluminum, rhodium, cobalt, ruthenium and the like. Can be mentioned.
- silver nanoparticles in the present disclosure silver nanoparticles can be fused with each other at a temperature of about 100 ° C. to form wiring or the like having excellent conductivity even on a general-purpose plastic substrate having low heat resistance. Particles are preferred. Therefore, the surface-modified metal nanoparticles in the present disclosure are preferably surface-modified silver nanoparticles, and the conductive ink in the present disclosure is preferably silver ink.
- a compound having at least one functional group selected from the group consisting of a carboxyl group, a hydroxyl group, an amino group, a sulfo group, and a thiol group is preferable.
- a compound having at least one functional group selected from the group consisting of a carboxyl group, a hydroxyl group, an amino group, a sulfo group, and a thiol group and having 4 to 18 carbon atoms is preferable, and most preferably having at least an amino group. It is a compound, and particularly preferably a compound having 4 to 18 carbon atoms having an amino group (that is, an amine having 4 to 18 carbon atoms).
- surface-modified metal nanoparticles (A) for example, surface-modified silver nanoparticles can be produced by a production method described later or the like.
- the dispersion medium (B) in the present disclosure is a dispersion medium for dispersing the surface-modified metal nanoparticles (A).
- the dispersion medium (B) contains at least an alcohol (b-1) and a hydrocarbon (b-2).
- the (b-1) and the (b-2) can each contain one kind alone or two or more kinds in combination.
- the above (b-1) and (b-2) may be liquid or solid at room temperature and normal pressure by themselves, but the dispersion medium (B) containing both of them is a dispersion medium (B).
- the conductive ink of the present disclosure contains the above (b-1) and the above (b-2) in combination as the dispersion medium (B), the dispersibility and dispersion of the surface-modified metal nanoparticles (A) Excellent stability.
- the (b-1) includes a primary alcohol, a secondary alcohol, and a tertiary alcohol.
- the reactivity of the surface-modified metal nanoparticles (A) with the organic protective agent is low, and the loss of the organic protective agent is suppressed, so that the dispersibility of the surface-modified metal nanoparticles (A) is suppressed.
- Secondary alcohols and / or tertiary alcohols are particularly preferred in that they can be imparted.
- the above-mentioned (b-1) includes an aliphatic alcohol, an alicyclic alcohol, and an aromatic alcohol, and among them, the alicyclic type is excellent in the dispersibility of the surface-modified metal nanoparticles (A).
- Alcohols ie, alcohols with an alicyclic structure
- an alicyclic secondary alcohol and / or an alicyclic tertiary alcohol is preferable.
- the alicyclic alcohol includes a monocyclic alcohol and a polycyclic alcohol, and the monocyclic alcohol is particularly excellent in dispersibility of the surface-modified metal nanoparticles (A) and has low viscosity and applicability. (In the case of coating by the inkjet printing method, it is preferable in that it is excellent in injection stability from the head nozzle).
- the boiling point of (b-1) is preferably, for example, 130 ° C. or higher, more preferably 170 ° C. or higher, and particularly when the surface-modified metal nanoparticles (A) are contained in a high concentration (for example, the above-mentioned).
- the content (in terms of metal elements) of (A) is 45% by weight or more of the total amount of the conductive ink) and the like, preferably 185 ° C. or higher, and more preferably 190 ° C. or higher.
- the upper limit of the boiling point is, for example, 300 ° C, preferably 250 ° C, and particularly preferably 220 ° C. When the boiling point is 130 ° C.
- volatilization at the printing temperature can be suppressed, and excellent coatability (in the case of coating by the inkjet printing method, injection stability from the head nozzle) can be obtained.
- the boiling point is 300 ° C. or lower, it rapidly volatilizes even in the case of low temperature sintering, and a sintered body having excellent conductivity can be obtained. That is, it is excellent in low temperature sinterability.
- the boiling point is lower than the above range, the fluidity of the conductive ink may decrease during coating, making it difficult to form a uniform coating film.
- the conductive ink solidifies and easily adheres to the nozzle opening of the head, and especially when the injection is performed intermittently, the injection becomes unstable and the desired pattern due to the flight bending. There is a risk that it will be difficult to print accurately, or that the nozzle opening will be clogged and injection will not be possible.
- Examples of the monocyclic secondary alcohol include cyclohexanol, 2-ethylcyclohexanol, 1-cyclohexanol, 3,5-dimethylcyclohexanol, 3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexanol, 2,3,5-.
- Trimethylcyclohexanol, 3,4,5-trimethylcyclohexanol, 2,3,4-trimethylcyclohexanol, 4- (tert-butyl) -cyclohexanol, 3,3,5,5-tetramethylcyclohexanol, 2- Cyclohexanol which may have a substituent such as isopropyl-5-methyl-cyclohexanol ( menthol) and the corresponding cyclohexanol are preferable, and cyclohexanol having an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms is particularly preferable. Alternatively, cyclohexanol is preferable, and cyclohexanol having an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms is particularly preferable.
- Examples of the monocyclic tertiary alcohol include 1-methylcyclohexanol, 4-isopropyl-1-methylcyclohexanol, 2-cyclohexyl-2-propanol, 2- (4-methylcyclohexyl) -2-propanol and the like.
- a tertiary alcohol having a 6-7 membered ring (particularly cyclohexane ring) structure is preferred.
- the (b-1) in particular, containing at least a secondary alcohol (particularly, a monocyclic secondary alcohol) is excellent in the initial dispersibility of the surface-modified metal nanoparticles (A) and is excellent. It is preferable in that the dispersibility can be stably maintained for a long period of time.
- the content of the secondary alcohol is preferably, for example, 60% by weight or more, more preferably 70% by weight or more, particularly preferably 80% by weight or more, and most preferably 90% by weight, based on the total amount of (b-1). % Or more.
- the upper limit is 100% by weight.
- the above (b-2) includes aliphatic hydrocarbons, alicyclic hydrocarbons, and aromatic hydrocarbons.
- aliphatic hydrocarbons and / or alicyclic hydrocarbons are particularly preferable in that the surface-modified metal nanoparticles (A) are particularly excellent in dispersibility.
- the boiling point of (b-2) is preferably, for example, 130 ° C. or higher, more preferably 170 ° C. or higher, still more preferably 190 ° C. or higher, and particularly the surface.
- the temperature is 200 ° C. or higher. It is preferably 230 ° C. or higher, particularly preferably 250 ° C. or higher, and most preferably 270 ° C. or higher.
- the upper limit of the boiling point is, for example, 300 ° C.
- Examples of the aliphatic hydrocarbon include n-decane, n-dodecane, n-tridecane, n-tetradecane, n-pentadecane, n-hexadecane, n-heptadecane, n-octadecane, n-nonadecane and the like having 10 carbon atoms.
- n-decane n-dodecane, n-tridecane, n-tetradecane, n-pentadecane, n-hexadecane, n-heptadecane, n-octadecane, n-nonadecane and the like having 10 carbon atoms.
- a chain having 12 or more carbon atoms for example, 12 to 20, preferably 12 to 18
- particularly 14 or more carbon atoms for example, 14 to 20, preferably 14 to 18.
- Hydrocarbons are preferred.
- alicyclic hydrocarbon examples include monocyclic compounds such as cyclohexanes, cyclohexenes, terpene-based 6-membered ring compounds, cycloheptane, cycloheptene, cyclooctane, cyclooctene, cyclodecane, and cyclododecene; bicyclo [2.2. 2] Polycyclic compounds such as octane and decalin can be mentioned.
- the cyclohexanes include, for example, ethylcyclohexane, n-propylcyclohexane, isopropylcyclohexane, n-butylcyclohexane, isobutylcyclohexane, sec-butylcyclohexane, tert-butylcyclohexane, and other 6-membered rings with 2 or more carbon atoms (for example, 2).
- ⁇ 5 Compound having an alkyl group; Bicyclohexyl and the like are included.
- the terpene-based 6-membered ring compound includes, for example, ⁇ -pinene, ⁇ -pinene, limonene, ⁇ -terpinene, ⁇ -terpinene, ⁇ -terpinene, terpinene and the like.
- the above (b-2) preferably contains at least an aliphatic hydrocarbon (particularly preferably a chain aliphatic hydrocarbon, most preferably a chain aliphatic hydrocarbon having 15 or more carbon atoms).
- the content of the aliphatic hydrocarbon is preferably, for example, 60% by weight or more, more preferably 70% by weight or more, particularly preferably 80% by weight or more, and most preferably 90% by weight, based on the total amount of (b-2). % Or more.
- the upper limit is 100% by weight.
- the conductive ink of the present disclosure contains polyvinyl acetal resin (C), which exhibits good solubility in the alcohol (b-1), in an amount of 0.1 to 5.0 weight based on 100 parts by weight of the component (A). Partly contained. Therefore, the adhesiveness of the conductive ink to the sintered body is excellent (particularly, the smoothness of the glass substrate, etc.) without impairing the coatability and the conductivity of the sintered body of the conductive ink. Adhesion to the substrate) can be imparted.
- the polyvinyl acetal resin (C) of the present disclosure has at least a repeating unit represented by the following formula (c).
- R represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms.
- R is preferably a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms in the above formula (c).
- the polyvinyl acetal resin (C) contains a polyvinyl butyral resin in which R in the above formula (c) is a propyl group.
- the polyvinyl acetal resin (C) may have other repeating units other than the repeating unit represented by the above formula (c) (that is, the repeating unit represented by the following formula (c-1)).
- the polyvinyl acetal resin (C) preferably has, for example, a repeating unit represented by the following formulas (c-1), (c-2), and (c-3).
- the polyvinyl acetal resin (C) contained in the conductive ink of the present disclosure is not particularly limited, but preferably has a peak in the region of 1760 to 1800 cm-1 in the measurement of FT-IR.
- the polyvinyl acetal resin (C) has a peak in the region of 1760 to 1800 cm -1 in the measurement of FT-IR, so that the coatability of the conductive ink is improved and the conductivity of the sintered body of the conductive ink is improved. Further, it is possible to improve the substrate adhesion (particularly, the adhesion to a smooth substrate such as a glass substrate) of the sintered body of the conductive ink.
- the "peak in the region of 1760 to 1800 cm-1 in the measurement of FT-IR” means an absorption peak to which the polyvinyl acetal resin (C) can be assigned to have a desired functional group.
- the functional group assigned by the characteristic peak appearing in the region of 1760 to 1800 cm-1 in the measurement of FT-IR is not particularly limited, but is, for example, carboxylic acid, its salt, its ester, its anhydride, its chloride. Or, it is preferably derived from other carboxylic acid derivatives.
- the weight average molecular weight (polystyrene-equivalent molecular weight by GPC) of the polyvinyl acetal resin (C) is, for example, 0.1 ⁇ 10 4 to 30.0 ⁇ 10 4 , preferably 0.5 ⁇ 10 4 to 20.0 ⁇ 10. 4 , particularly preferably 0.5 ⁇ 10 4 to 10.0 ⁇ 10 4 , most preferably 0.5 ⁇ 10 4 to 5.0 ⁇ 10 4 , and particularly preferably 0.5 ⁇ 10 4 to 3.0 ⁇ 10 is four.
- the molecular weight of the polyvinyl acetal resin (C) is at 0.1 ⁇ 10 4 or more, adhesion to a substrate which is excellent in a sintered body of a conductive ink containing the polyvinyl acetal resin (C) (particularly, such as a glass substrate Adhesion to a smooth substrate) can be imparted. Further, the molecular weight of the polyvinyl acetal resin (C) is a 30.0 ⁇ 10 4 or less, a conductive ink containing the polyvinyl acetal resin (C) has good coating properties, for a short time at a low temperature bake As a result, a sintered body having good conductivity can be obtained.
- the solubility in the dispersion medium (B) tends to decrease, and even if it is dissolved in the dispersion medium (B), it is difficult to obtain good coatability. Tend to be. Further, when the molecular weight of the polyvinyl acetal resin (C) is lower than the above range, it tends to be difficult to obtain the effect of imparting substrate adhesion even when added to the conductive ink.
- the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the polyvinyl acetal resin (C) is, for example, 50 to 90 ° C, more preferably 55 to 85 ° C, still more preferably 60 to 80 ° C.
- the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the polyvinyl acetal resin (C) can be measured by, for example, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), dynamic viscoelasticity measurement, or the like.
- the viscosity (measurement temperature 20 ° C.) of the 10 wt% ethanol / toluene solution (ethanol: toluene mixing ratio 1: 1) of the polyvinyl acetal resin (C) is, for example, 5 to 200 mPa ⁇ s, preferably 7 to 100 mPa ⁇ s, particularly. It is preferably 9 to 50 mPa ⁇ s.
- the viscosity can be measured using a falling ball type viscometer (for example, Lovis2000M) or a rotational viscometer (for example, BM type).
- the polyvinyl acetal resin (C) can be produced, for example, by reacting polyvinyl alcohol with an aldehyde.
- polyvinyl acetal resin (C) examples include trade names "Moital B14S”, “Moital B16H”, “Moital B20H” (all manufactured by Kuraray Co., Ltd.) "Eslek BL-1", “Eslek BL-10”, and the like.
- "ESREC BL-S” "ESREC SV-02”, “ESREC SV-05”, “ESREC SV-06”, “ESREC SV-12”, “ESREC SV-22”, “ESREC SV-16”, “ESREC” “SV-26” (all manufactured by Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd.) can be used.
- a dispersant for example, a dispersant, a surface energy adjuster, a plasticizer, a leveling agent, a defoaming agent, a dispersion stabilizer described later, and the like are added.
- the agent can be contained as needed.
- the conductive ink of the present disclosure is, for example, a step of mixing a metal compound and an organic protective agent to form a complex containing the metal compound and the organic protective agent (complex generation step), and a step of thermally decomposing the complex (complex generation step).
- the surface-modified metal nanoparticles (A) are produced through a thermal decomposition step) and, if necessary, a step of cleaning the reaction product (cleaning step), and dispersed in the obtained surface-modified metal nanoparticles (A). It can be produced through a step of mixing the medium (B) and the polyvinyl acetal resin (C) (a step of preparing a conductive ink).
- the complex formation step is a step of mixing a metal compound and an organic protective agent to form a complex containing the metal compound and the organic protective agent.
- a silver compound when used as the metal compound, nano-sized silver particles are fused to each other at a temperature of about 100 ° C., so that they have excellent conductivity even on a general-purpose plastic substrate having low heat resistance. It is preferable to use a silver compound which is easily decomposed by heating to produce metallic silver, because it is possible to form a new wire or the like.
- silver compounds include silver carboxylate such as silver formate, silver acetate, silver oxalate, silver malonate, silver benzoate, and silver phthalate; silver fluoride, silver chloride, silver bromide, and iodide.
- Silver halide such as silver; silver sulfate, silver nitrate, silver carbonate and the like can be mentioned.
- silver oxalate has a high silver content, can be thermally decomposed without using a reducing agent, and is less likely to contain impurities derived from the reducing agent in the conductive ink. preferable.
- a carboxyl group and a hydroxyl group can be exerted in that an unshared electron pair in a hetero atom coordinates with a metal nanoparticles to strongly suppress aggregation between the metal nanoparticles.
- a compound having at least one functional group selected from the group consisting of a group, an amino group, a sulfo group and a thiol group is preferable, and a group consisting of a carboxyl group, a hydroxyl group, an amino group, a sulfo group and a thiol group is particularly preferable.
- a compound having 4 to 18 carbon atoms having at least one functional group selected from the above is preferable.
- a compound having an amino group is particularly preferable, and a compound having an amino group having 4 to 18 carbon atoms, that is, an amine having 4 to 18 carbon atoms is most preferable.
- the amine is a compound in which at least one hydrogen atom of ammonia is substituted with a hydrocarbon group, and includes a primary amine, a secondary amine, and a tertiary amine. Further, the amine may be a monoamine or a polyvalent amine such as a diamine. These can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the amine is represented by the following formula (a-1), and R 1 , R 2 , and R 3 in the formula are the same or different, and a hydrogen atom or a monovalent hydrocarbon group (R 1 , R) is used. 2 and R 3 are both hydrogen atoms), and monoamines (1) having a total carbon number of 6 or more are represented by the following formula (a-1), and R 1 , R 2 and R 3 in the formula A monoamine (2) in which R 3 is the same or different, is a hydrogen atom or a monovalent hydrocarbon group (except when R 1 , R 2 , and R 3 are all hydrogen atoms) and has a total carbon number of 5 or less.
- R 4 to R 7 in the formula are the same or different, hydrogen atom or monovalent hydrocarbon group, and R 8 is a divalent hydrocarbon group. It is preferable to contain at least one selected from the diamine (3) having a total carbon number of 8 or less, and in particular, the monoamine (1) and the monoamine (2) and / or the diamine (3). It is preferable to contain them together.
- the hydrocarbon group includes an aliphatic hydrocarbon group, an alicyclic hydrocarbon group, and an aromatic hydrocarbon group. Among them, an aliphatic hydrocarbon group and an alicyclic hydrocarbon group are preferable, and a fat is particularly preferable. Group hydrocarbon groups are preferred. Therefore, as the monoamine (1), monoamine (2), and diamine (3), the aliphatic monoamine (1), the aliphatic monoamine (2), and the aliphatic diamine (3) are preferable.
- the monovalent aliphatic hydrocarbon group includes an alkyl group and an alkenyl group.
- the monovalent alicyclic hydrocarbon group includes a cycloalkyl group and a cycloalkenyl group.
- the divalent aliphatic hydrocarbon group includes an alkylene group and an alkenylene group, and the divalent alicyclic hydrocarbon group includes a cycloalkylene group and a cycloalkenylene group.
- Examples of the monovalent hydrocarbon group in R 1 , R 2 , and R 3 include a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, an isopropyl group, a butyl group, an isobutyl group, a sec-butyl group, a tert-butyl group, and a pentyl group.
- Alkyl group having about 1 to 18 carbon atoms such as hexyl group, decyl group, dodecyl group, tetradecyl group, octadecyl group; vinyl group, allyl group, metallicyl group, 1-propenyl group, isopropenyl group, 1-butenyl group, An alkenyl group having about 2 to 18 carbon atoms such as a 2-butenyl group, a 3-butenyl group, a 1-pentenyl group, a 2-pentenyl group, a 3-pentenyl group, a 4-pentenyl group, a 5-hexenyl group; a cyclopropyl group, Cycloalkyl groups having about 3 to 18 carbon atoms such as cyclobutyl group, cyclopentyl group, cyclohexyl group and cyclooctyl group; cycloalkenyl groups having about 3 to 18 carbon atoms such as cycl
- Examples of the monovalent hydrocarbon group in R 4 to R 7 include an alkyl group having about 1 to 7 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having about 2 to 7 carbon atoms, and a cyclo having about 3 to 7 carbon atoms in the above examples. Examples thereof include an alkyl group and a cycloalkenyl group having about 3 to 7 carbon atoms.
- Examples of the divalent hydrocarbon group in R 8 include a methylene group, a methylmethylene group, a dimethylmethylene group, an ethylene group, a propylene group, a trimethylene group, a tetramethylene group, a pentamethylene group, a heptamethylene group and the like having 1 carbon atom.
- the hydrocarbon groups in R 1 to R 8 are various substituents [for example, halogen atom, oxo group, hydroxyl group, substituted oxy group (for example, C 1-4 alkoxy group, C 6-10 aryloxy group, C). 7-16 aralkyloxy group, C 1-4 acyloxy group, etc.), carboxyl group, substituted oxycarbonyl group (eg, C 1-4 alkoxycarbonyl group, C 6-10 aryloxycarbonyl group, C 7-16 aralkyloxycarbonyl) Group, etc.), cyano group, nitro group, sulfo group, heterocyclic group, etc.] may be possessed. Further, the hydroxyl group or the carboxyl group may be protected by a protecting group commonly used in the field of organic synthesis.
- the monoamine (1) is a compound having a function of suppressing aggregation and enlargement of metal nanoparticles by adsorbing on the surface of the metal nanoparticles, that is, imparting high dispersibility to the metal nanoparticles.
- primary amines having linear alkyl groups such as n-hexylamine, n-heptylamine, n-octylamine, n-nonylamine, n-decylamine, n-undecylamine, n-dodecylamine;
- Primary amines with branched chain alkyl groups such as isohexylamine, 2-ethylhexylamine, tert-octylamine; primary amines with cycloalkyl groups such as cyclohexylamine; primary amines with alkenyl groups such as oleylamine.
- n-hexylamine, n-heptylamine, n-octylamine, n-nonylamine, n-decylamine, n-undecylamine, n-dodecylamine and the like are particularly preferable.
- the hydrocarbon chain of monoamine (2) is shorter than that of monoamine (1), the function of imparting high dispersibility to metal nanoparticles is low, but the polarity is higher than that of monoamine (1) and it becomes a metal atom. Since it has a high coordination ability, it has an effect of promoting complex formation. Further, since the hydrocarbon chain is short, it can be removed from the surface of the metal nanoparticles in a short time (for example, 30 minutes or less, preferably 20 minutes or less) even in low temperature sintering, and a sintered body having excellent conductivity can be obtained. can get.
- Examples of the monoamine (2) include total carbon having a linear or branched alkyl group such as n-butylamine, isobutylamine, sec-butylamine, tert-butylamine, pentylamine, isopentylamine, and tert-pentylamine.
- a primary amine having a linear alkyl group and having a total carbon number of 2 to 5 (preferably a total carbon number of 4 to 5) is preferable.
- the total carbon number of the diamine (3) is 8 or less, the polarity is higher than that of the monoamine (1), and the coordination ability to the metal atom is high, so that the diamine (3) has a complex formation promoting effect. Further, the diamine (3) has an effect of accelerating the thermal decomposition at a lower temperature and in a short time in the thermal decomposition step of the complex, and the use of the diamine (3) makes the production of surface-modified metal nanoparticles more efficient. Can be done. Further, the surface-modified metal nanoparticles having a structure coated with a protective agent containing diamine (3) exhibit excellent dispersion stability in a highly polar dispersion medium.
- the diamine (3) since the diamine (3) has a short hydrocarbon chain, it can be removed from the surface of the metal nanoparticles in a short time (for example, 30 minutes or less, preferably 20 minutes or less) even in low temperature sintering, and it becomes conductive. An excellent sintered body can be obtained.
- Examples of the diamine (3) include 2,2-dimethyl-1,3-propanediamine, 1,4-butanediamine, 1,5-pentanediamine, 1,6-hexanediamine, and 1,7-heptanediamine. , 1,8-octanediamine, 1,5-diamino-2-methylpentane, etc., R 4 to R 7 in the formula (a-2) are hydrogen atoms, and R 8 is linear or branched.
- Diamines that are alkylene groups N, N'-dimethylethylenediamine, N, N'-diethylethylenediamine, N, N'-dimethyl-1,3-propanediamine, N, N'-diethyl-1,3-propanediamine, In the formula (a-2) of N, N'-dimethyl-1,4-butanediamine, N, N'-diethyl-1,4-butanediamine, N, N'-dimethyl-1,6-hexanediamine, etc.
- R 4 , R 6 are the same or different linear or branched alkyl groups
- R 5 and R 7 are hydrogen atoms
- R 8 is a linear or branched alkylene group.
- R 5 are the same or different and straight-chain in the formula (a-2), such as hexanediamine
- Examples thereof include diamine, which is a linear or branched alkyl group, R 6 and R 7 are hydrogen atoms, and R 8 is a linear or branched alkylene group.
- R 4 and R 5 in the above formula (a-2) are the same or different linear or branched alkyl groups, R 6 and R 7 are hydrogen atoms, and R 8 is.
- Diamine which is a linear or branched alkylene group [In particular, R 4 and R 5 in the formula (a-2) are linear alkyl groups, R 6 and R 7 are hydrogen atoms, and R 8 Is a linear alkylene group, diamine] is preferable.
- R 4 and R 5 are the same or different linear or branched alkyl groups
- R 6 and R 7 are hydrogen atoms, that is, diamines, that is, primary amino groups and the first.
- a diamine having a tertiary amino group is a complex formed because the primary amino group has a high coordinating ability with respect to a metal atom, but the tertiary amino group has a poor coordinating ability with respect to a metal atom. Is prevented from becoming excessively complicated, which enables thermal decomposition at a lower temperature and in a shorter time in the thermal decomposition step of the complex.
- diamines having a total carbon number of 6 or less are preferable, and diamines having a total carbon number of 5 or less (for example, 1 to 6 and preferably 4 to 6) are preferable because they can be removed from the surface of metal nanoparticles in a short time by low-temperature sintering.
- diamines of 1 to 5, preferably 4 to 5) are more preferable.
- the ratio of the content of the monoamine (1) to the total amount of the organic protective agent contained in the conductive ink of the present disclosure and the ratio of the total content of the monoamine (2) and the diamine (3) shall be in the following range. Is preferable.
- Content of monoamine (1) For example, 5 to 65 mol% (the lower limit is preferably 10 mol%, particularly preferably 20 mol%, most preferably 30 mol%, and the upper limit is preferably 60 mol%. , Particularly preferably 50 mol%)
- the proportion of the content of the monoamine (2) and the proportion of the content of the diamine (3) in the total amount of the organic protective agent contained in the conductive ink of the present disclosure are preferably in the following ranges.
- Content of monoamine (2) For example, 5 to 65 mol% (the lower limit is preferably 10 mol%, particularly preferably 20 mol%, most preferably 30 mol%, and the upper limit is preferably 60 mol%. , Particularly preferably 50 mol%)
- Content of diamine (3) for example 5 to 50 mol% (the lower limit is preferably 10 mol%, and the upper limit is preferably 40 mol%, particularly preferably 30 mol%).
- the dispersion stability of the metal nanoparticles can be obtained.
- the content of the monoamine (1) is lower than the above range, the metal nanoparticles tend to be easily aggregated.
- the content of the monoamine (1) exceeds the above range, it becomes difficult to remove the organic protective agent from the surface of the metal nanoparticles in a short time when the sintering temperature is low, and the conductivity of the obtained sintered body is obtained. Tends to decrease.
- the organic protective agent can be removed from the surface of the metal nanoparticles in a short time, and a sintered body having excellent conductivity can be obtained.
- the complex formation promoting effect and the thermal decomposition promoting effect of the complex can be easily obtained. Further, the surface-modified metal nanoparticles having a structure coated with a protective agent containing diamine (3) exhibit excellent dispersion stability in a highly polar dispersion medium.
- the amount of monoamine (1) used is reduced according to the ratio of their use. It is possible to remove the organic protective agent from the surface of the metal nanoparticles in a short time even if the sintering temperature is low, which is preferable in that a sintered body having excellent conductivity can be obtained.
- the amine used as an organic protective agent in the present disclosure may contain other amines in addition to the above monoamines (1), monoamines (2), and diamines (3), but all amines contained in the protective agent.
- the ratio of the total content of the monoamine (1), monoamine (2), and diamine (3) to the above is preferably, for example, 60% by weight or more, particularly preferably 80% by weight or more, and most preferably 90% by weight or more. be.
- the upper limit is 100% by weight. That is, the content of the other amine is preferably 40% by weight or less, particularly preferably 20% by weight or less, and most preferably 10% by weight or less.
- the amount of the organic protective agent is not particularly limited, but is about 1 to 50 mol per 1 mol of the metal atom of the metal compound as a raw material. It is preferable, particularly preferably 2 to 50 mol, and most preferably 6 to 50 mol.
- the amount of the organic protective agent used is less than the above range, the metal compound that is not converted into the complex tends to remain in the complex forming step, and it tends to be difficult to impart sufficient dispersibility to the metal nanoparticles. ..
- a compound having an amino group and a compound having a carboxyl group for example, a compound having a carboxyl group and having 4 to 18 carbon atoms
- an aliphatic monocarboxylic acid having 4 to 18 carbon atoms may be contained in one or more.
- aliphatic monocarboxylic acid examples include butanoic acid, pentanoic acid, hexanoic acid, heptanic acid, octanoic acid, nonanoic acid, decanoic acid, undecanoic acid, dodecanoic acid, tridecanoic acid, tetradecanoic acid, pentadecanoic acid and hexadecanoic acid.
- Saturated aliphatic monocarboxylic acid having 4 or more carbon atoms such as heptadecanoic acid, octadecanoic acid, nonadecanoic acid and icosanoic acid; Monocarboxylic acids can be mentioned.
- saturated or unsaturated aliphatic monocarboxylic acids having 8 to 18 carbon atoms are preferable.
- the carboxyl group of the aliphatic monocarboxylic acid is adsorbed on the surface of the metal nanoparticles, the saturated or unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon chain having 8 to 18 carbon atoms becomes a steric obstacle, so that the distance from the other metal nanoparticles is formed. Can be ensured, and the action of preventing aggregation of metal nanoparticles is improved.
- the amount of the compound having a carboxyl group to be used is, for example, about 0.05 to 10 mol, preferably 0.1 to 5 mol, particularly preferably 0.5 to 2 mol, with respect to 1 mol of the metal atom of the metal compound. Is. If the amount of the compound having a carboxyl group used is less than the above range, it is difficult to obtain the effect of improving the dispersion stability. On the other hand, even if the compound having a carboxyl group is excessively used, the effect of improving the dispersion stability is saturated, but it tends to be difficult to remove it by low-temperature sintering.
- the reaction between the organic protective agent and the metal compound is carried out in the presence or absence of a dispersion medium.
- a dispersion medium for example, an alcohol having 3 or more carbon atoms can be used.
- Examples of the alcohol having 3 or more carbon atoms include n-propanol (boiling point: 97 ° C.), isopropanol (boiling point: 82 ° C.), n-butanol (boiling point: 117 ° C.), and isobutanol (boiling point: 107.89 ° C.).
- Se-butanol (boiling point: 99.5 ° C.), tert-butanol (boiling point: 82.45 ° C.), n-pentanol (boiling point: 136 ° C.), n-hexanol (boiling point: 156 ° C.), n-octanol (boiling point: 156 ° C.) Boiling point: 194 ° C.), 2-octanol (boiling point: 174 ° C.) and the like.
- alcohols having 4 to 6 carbon atoms are particularly preferable in terms of being able to set a high temperature in the subsequent thermal decomposition step of the complex and being convenient in the post-treatment of the obtained surface-modified metal nanoparticles.
- n-butanol and n-hexanol are preferable.
- the amount of the dispersion medium used is, for example, 120 parts by weight or more, preferably 130 parts by weight or more, and more preferably 150 parts by weight or more with respect to 100 parts by weight of the metal compound.
- the upper limit of the amount of the dispersion medium used is, for example, 1000 parts by weight, preferably 800 parts by weight, and particularly preferably 500 parts by weight.
- the reaction between the organic protective agent and the metal compound is preferably carried out at room temperature (5 to 40 ° C.). Since the reaction is accompanied by heat generation due to the coordination reaction of the organic protective agent to the metal compound, it may be carried out while appropriately cooling so as to be within the above temperature range.
- the reaction time between the organic protective agent and the metal compound is, for example, about 30 minutes to 3 hours.
- a metal-organic protective agent complex (when an amine is used as the organic protective agent, a metal-amine complex) is obtained.
- the thermal decomposition step is a step of thermally decomposing the metal-organic protective agent complex obtained through the complex forming step to form surface-modified metal nanoparticles.
- the metal compound thermally decomposes to form a metal atom while maintaining the coordination bond of the organic protective agent to the metal atom, and then the organic protective agent coordinates. It is considered that the metal atoms are aggregated to form metal nanoparticles coated with an organic protective film.
- the thermal decomposition is preferably carried out in the presence of a dispersion medium, and the above-mentioned alcohol can be preferably used as the dispersion medium.
- the thermal decomposition temperature may be any temperature as long as the surface-modified metal nanoparticles are generated, and when the metal-organic protective agent complex is a silver oxalate-organic protective agent complex, for example, about 80 to 120 ° C.
- the temperature is preferably 95 to 115 ° C, particularly preferably 100 to 110 ° C. From the viewpoint of preventing desorption of the surface-modified portion of the surface-modified metal nanoparticles, it is preferable to perform the treatment at a temperature as low as possible within the above temperature range.
- the thermal decomposition time is, for example, about 10 minutes to 5 hours.
- the thermal decomposition of the metal-organic protective agent complex is carried out in an air atmosphere or in an atmosphere of an inert gas such as argon.
- Decantation is performed, for example, by washing suspended surface-modified metal nanoparticles with a detergent, precipitating the surface-modified metal nanoparticles by centrifugation, and removing the supernatant liquid.
- a detergent for example, one or more linear or branched alcohols having 1 to 4 carbon atoms (preferably 1 to 2) such as methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, and isopropanol are used. This is preferable in that the surface-modified metal nanoparticles have good sedimentation property and the cleaning agent can be efficiently separated and removed by centrifugation after cleaning.
- the surface-modified metal nanoparticles (A) (preferably wet surface-modified metal nanoparticles (A)), the dispersion medium (B), and the polyvinyl acetal resin (preferably wet surface-modified metal nanoparticles (A)) obtained through the above steps are used.
- a commonly known mixing device such as a self-revolving stirring defoaming device, a homogenizer, a planetary mixer, a three-roll mill, and a bead mill can be used.
- each component may be mixed at the same time or sequentially. The blending ratio of each component can be appropriately adjusted within the following range.
- the procedure of the step of preparing the conductive ink is not particularly limited, but for example, after dissolving the polyvinyl acetal resin (C) and the above-mentioned dispersion stabilizer as an additive in the above-mentioned dispersion medium (B), the surface thereof. Mixing with the modified metal nanoparticles (A) is preferable from the viewpoint of dispersion stability of the conductive ink.
- the dispersion stabilizer to be mixed with the polyvinyl acetal resin (C) is not particularly limited, but for example, a compound having at least an amino group can be used.
- a compound having at least an amino group as the dispersion stabilizer, the same compound as the “compound having at least an amino group” as the above-mentioned organic protective agent can be used.
- the dispersion stabilizer may be the same as or different from the organic protective agent used to prepare the surface-modified metal nanoparticles (A).
- the amount of the dispersion stabilizer to be mixed with the polyvinyl acetal resin (C) is not particularly limited, but is 10 to 500 from the viewpoint of the dispersion stability of the conductive ink with respect to 100 parts by weight of the polyvinyl acetal resin (C). By weight is preferable, and 50 to 300 parts by weight is more preferable.
- the content (metal element equivalent) of the surface-modified metal nanoparticles (A) in the total amount of the conductive ink (100% by weight) of the present disclosure is, for example, about 35 to 70% by weight.
- the lower limit is preferably 40% by weight, particularly preferably 45% by weight, most preferably 50% by weight, and particularly preferably 55% by weight from the viewpoint of obtaining a higher film thickness coating film or sintered body.
- the upper limit is preferably 65% by weight, particularly preferably 60% by weight, from the viewpoint of coatability (in the case of coating by the inkjet printing method, injection stability from the head nozzle).
- the content of the dispersion medium (B) in the conductive ink of the present disclosure is, for example, 20 to 100 parts by weight, preferably 30 to 90 parts by weight, more preferably with respect to 100 parts by weight of the surface-modified metal nanoparticles (A). Is 40 to 80 parts by weight, more preferably 50 to 75 parts by weight, particularly preferably 55 to 75 parts by weight, and most preferably 60 to 75 parts by weight.
- the content of the dispersion medium (B) in the total amount (100% by weight) of the conductive ink of the present disclosure is, for example, 20 to 65% by weight, preferably 25 to 60% by weight, more preferably 30 to 55% by weight, and most preferably. Is 30 to 50% by weight. Since the conductive ink of the present disclosure contains the dispersion medium (B) in the above range, it has excellent coatability. For example, when it is coated by an inkjet printing method, the ejection stability from the nozzle of the head is maintained well. Is possible.
- the content of (b-1) is, for example, 15 to 70 parts by weight, preferably 20 to 60 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the surface-modified metal nanoparticles (A). Particularly preferably, it is 30 to 55 parts by weight, and most preferably 35 to 55 parts by weight.
- the content of (b-2) is, for example, 5 to 50 parts by weight, preferably 10 to 40 parts by weight, particularly preferably 10 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the surface-modified metal nanoparticles (A). Is 15 to 30 parts by weight, most preferably 15 to 28 parts by weight.
- the ratio of the content of the (b-1) to the content of the (b-2) in the total amount of the dispersion medium (B) contained in the conductive ink of the present disclosure ((b-1) / (b-2)) is.
- it is 40/60 to 95/5, preferably 45/55 to 90/10, more preferably 50/50 to 85/15, and particularly preferably 60/40 to 80/20.
- the content of (b-1) is less than the above range, the smoothness of the coating film tends to decrease.
- the low temperature sinterability tends to decrease.
- the content of (b-2) is less than the above range, the coatability tends to decrease.
- the dispersion medium (B) in the present disclosure may contain one or more other dispersion media in addition to the above (b-1) and (b-2), but the above (b-).
- the total content of 1) and the above (b-2) is preferably 70% by weight or more, particularly preferably 75% by weight or more, and most preferably 80% by weight or more of the total amount of the dispersion medium (B). Therefore, the content of the other dispersion medium (the total amount when two or more kinds are contained) is preferably 30% by weight or less, particularly preferably 25% by weight or less, and most preferably 25% by weight or less of the total amount of the dispersion medium (B). It is 20% by weight or less.
- the content of the other dispersion medium exceeds the above range, the coatability tends to decrease due to the thickening, or the metal nanoparticles tend to aggregate and the dispersibility tends to decrease.
- the content of the primary alcohol in the total amount (100% by weight) of the dispersion medium (B) contained in the conductive ink of the present disclosure is preferably, for example, about 30% by weight or less, more preferably 25% by weight. % Or less, particularly preferably 20% by weight or less, most preferably 15% by weight or less, and particularly preferably 5% by weight or less.
- the content of the polyvinyl acetal resin (C) in the conductive ink of the present disclosure is 0.1 to 5.0 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight (metal element equivalent) of the surface-modified metal nanoparticles (A), which is the lower limit. Is preferably 0.2 parts by weight, particularly preferably 0.3 parts by weight, most preferably 0.4 parts by weight, and particularly preferably 0.5 parts by weight.
- the upper limit is preferably 3.0 parts by weight, particularly preferably 2.0 parts by weight, and most preferably 1.0 part by weight.
- the content of the polyvinyl acetal resin (C) in the total amount (100% by weight) of the conductive ink of the present disclosure is 0.05 to 3.0% by weight, and the lower limit is preferably 0.1% by weight, particularly preferably. Is 0.15% by weight, most preferably 0.2% by weight, and particularly preferably 0.25% by weight.
- the upper limit is preferably 2.5% by weight, particularly preferably 2.0% by weight, and most preferably 1.0% by weight.
- a polyvinyl acetal resin (C) Other polymers other than (molecular weight in a compound 0.1 ⁇ 10 4 or more) may contain a but, included in the conductive ink
- the proportion of the polyvinyl acetal resin (C) in all the polymers is, for example, 50% by weight or more, preferably 70% by weight or more, particularly preferably 80% by weight or more, and most preferably 90% by weight or more.
- the upper limit is 100% by weight.
- the content of the other polymer is, for example, 50% by weight or less, preferably 30% by weight or less, particularly preferably 20% by weight or less, and most preferably 10% by weight or less of all the polymers contained in the conductive ink. be.
- the lower limit is zero.
- the ratio of the total of the surface-modified metal nanoparticles (A), the dispersion medium (B) and the polyvinyl acetal resin (C) to the total amount of the conductive ink (100% by weight) of the present disclosure is, for example, 70% by weight or more. It is preferably 80% by weight or more, and particularly preferably 90% by weight or more.
- the viscosity of the conductive ink of the present disclosure can be measured using a rotary viscometer (for example, Lovis2000M), a capillary viscometer, a falling ball type viscometer (for example, BM type), a cup type viscometer, or the like. can.
- the viscosity of the conductive ink of the present disclosure at 25 ° C. is 100 mPa ⁇ s or less (for example, 2 to 100 mPa ⁇ s), preferably 3 to 15 mPa ⁇ s, particularly preferably 3 to 15 mPa ⁇ s, when a falling ball viscometer is used. It is 5 to 15 mPa ⁇ s.
- the conductive ink has a viscosity at 25 ° C. that is outside the above range when measured by a method other than using a falling ball viscometer, it is within the above range when measured using a falling ball viscometer. If so, it is the conductive ink of the present disclosure.
- the conductive ink of the present disclosure is excellent in dispersion stability, and for example, when a conductive ink having a metal concentration of 65% by weight is stored at 5 ° C., aggregation of metal nanoparticles can be suppressed for a period of one month or longer.
- the conductive ink of the present disclosure has a low viscosity and excellent coatability.
- the surface-modified metal nanoparticles (A) are excellent in dispersion stability, and good coatability can be maintained even if the surface-modified metal nanoparticles (A) are contained in a high concentration.
- the conductive ink of the present disclosure is excellent in low temperature sintering property, and a sintered body having excellent substrate adhesion and conductivity can be obtained by low temperature sintering.
- the conductive ink of the present disclosure is heat-resistant to a substrate (particularly, a general-purpose plastic substrate or the like) by a printing method such as inkjet printing, dip coat printing, slit coat printing, spin coat printing, spray printing, gravure printing, flexographic printing and the like. It can be suitably used for forming wiring or the like on a substrate having a low temperature or a substrate such as a glass substrate having high heat resistance but having a smooth surface and difficult to obtain an anchor effect).
- the method for manufacturing the electronic device of the present disclosure is a printing method in which the above-mentioned conductive ink is printed on a substrate by an inkjet printing method, a dip coat printing, a slit coat printing, a spin coat printing, a spray printing, a gravure printing method, a flexographic printing method, or the like. Includes a step of applying and a step of sintering.
- the thickness of the coating film obtained by applying the conductive ink is, for example, 0.1 to 5 ⁇ m (preferably 0.5 to 2 ⁇ m). It is preferably in the range.
- the conductive ink is used in the method for manufacturing an electronic device of the present disclosure, sintering is possible at a low temperature, and the sintering temperature is, for example, 120 ° C. or lower (the lower limit of the sintering temperature is, for example, 60 ° C.). , 100 ° C. is more preferable because it can be sintered in a short time), particularly preferably 115 ° C. or lower, and most preferably 110 ° C. or lower.
- the sintering time is, for example, 0.1 to 3 hours, preferably 0.5 to 2 hours, and particularly preferably 0.5 to 1 hour.
- the sintering of metal nanoparticles proceeds sufficiently even in low temperature sintering (for example, sintering at low temperature for a short time such as at 120 ° C. for 30 minutes).
- low temperature sintering for example, sintering at low temperature for a short time such as at 120 ° C. for 30 minutes.
- a sintered body having excellent substrate adhesion particularly, a sintered body having excellent adhesion to a substrate having excellent surface smoothness such as glass
- the sintered body does not peel off together when the protective film is peeled off.
- the sintering of metal nanoparticles proceeds sufficiently even in low-temperature sintering (for example, even in low-temperature short-time sintering such as 120 ° C. for 30 minutes). ..
- a sintered body having excellent conductivity volume resistivity is, for example, 10 ⁇ cm or less, preferably 8 ⁇ cm or less
- the conductivity (or volume resistivity) of the sintered body can be measured by the method described in Examples.
- a sintered body having excellent adhesion to the substrate can be obtained as described above. Therefore, as the substrate, a substrate such as a glass substrate having a smooth surface and an anchor effect is difficult to obtain. Can be preferably used.
- the substrate may be polyethylene terephthalate (PET) in addition to a glass substrate or a heat-resistant plastic substrate such as a polyimide film.
- PET polyethylene terephthalate
- a general-purpose plastic substrate having low heat resistance such as a film, a polyester-based film such as a polyethylene naphthalate (PEN) film, and a polyolefin-based film such as polypropylene can also be preferably used.
- an electronic device having wiring or the like made of a sintered body having excellent conductivity and adhesion to the substrate as described above can be easily and inexpensively obtained on the substrate.
- the electronic devices of the present disclosure include, for example, liquid crystal displays, organic EL displays, field emission displays (FEDs), IC cards, IC tags, solar cells, LED elements, organic transistors, capacitors, electronic paper, flexible batteries, and flexible batteries. It is suitably used for sensors, membrane switches, touch panels, EMI shields and the like.
- Preparation Example 1 (Preparation of surface-modified silver nanoparticles) Complex formation step
- Silver oxalate (molecular weight: 303.78) was obtained from silver nitrate (manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) and oxalic acid dihydrate (manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.). 20.0 g (65.8 mmol) of the silver oxalate was charged in a 500 mL flask, and 30.0 g of n-butanol was added thereto to prepare an n-butanol slurry of silver oxalate.
- n-butylamine (molecular weight: 73.14, manufactured by Daicel Co., Ltd.) 57.8 g (790.1 mmol)
- n-hexylamine (molecular weight: 101.19, manufactured by Tokyo Kasei Kogyo Co., Ltd.) 40.0 g (395.0 mmol)
- n-octylamine (molecular weight: 129.25, trade name "Farmin 08D", manufactured by Kao Co., Ltd.) 38.3 g (296.3 mmol)
- n-dodecylamine (molecular weight) 185.35, trade name "Farmin 20D", manufactured by Kao Co., Ltd.
- the temperature of the reaction solution is raised from 30 ° C. to about 105 ° C. (103 to 108 ° C.), and then heated for 1 hour while maintaining the above temperature.
- the silver acid-amine complex was thermally decomposed to obtain a suspension in which dark blue surface-modified silver nanoparticles were suspended in an amine mixture.
- Example 1 preparation of silver ink
- Each component other than the surface-modified silver nanoparticles is weighed according to the formulation (unit: parts by weight) shown in Table 1 below, stirred in an oil bath at 80 ° C. for 1 hour, and then wet according to the formulation shown in Table 1.
- the surface-modified silver nanoparticles of No. 1 were mixed to obtain a dark blue silver ink (1) (silver concentration: 50% by weight).
- the average particles of surface-modified silver nanoparticles were subjected to a dynamic light scattering method using the trade name "Zeta Nanosizer Series Nano-S" (manufactured by Malvern) as an analyzer. When the diameter was confirmed, it was 25 nm.
- the silver inks obtained in Examples and Comparative Examples were measured and evaluated for viscosity and ejection property by the following method. Further, the substrate adhesion and conductivity of the sintered body of the silver ink obtained in Examples and Comparative Examples were evaluated by the following methods.
- the silver inks obtained in Examples and Comparative Examples were applied onto a non-alkali glass plate to form a coating film.
- the obtained coating film was sintered at 120 ° C. for 30 minutes using a hot plate to obtain a sintered body having a thickness of about 1 ⁇ m.
- the obtained sintered body / non-alkali glass plate laminate was subjected to a substrate adhesion evaluation test by the following method. That is, 11 cuts are made in the vertical direction at 1 mm intervals on the surface of the sintered body of the sintered body / non-alkali glass plate laminate so as to be orthogonal to the vertical cuts. Eleven cuts were made in the lateral direction to prepare a 100-square grid.
- Adhesive tape (trade name “Paper Adhesive Tape No. 209", manufactured by Nichiban) was strongly pressure-bonded to this board, and the proportion of sintered body remaining on the non-alkali glass plate when the adhesive tape was peeled off (residual). The substrate adhesion was evaluated from the rate:%).
- Each component in the table is as follows. ⁇ Surface-modified metal nanoparticles> -Surface-modified silver nanoparticles: Surface-modified silver nanoparticles obtained in Preparation Example 1 ⁇ dispersion medium> -Tetradecane: Boiling point 253 ° C, reagent manufactured by Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.- ( ⁇ ) -Menthol: Boiling point 212 ° C, reagent manufactured by Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.
- -B14S Polyvinyl butyral resin, trade name "Moital B14S”, manufactured by Kuraray Co., Ltd.-ASPU-121: polyether urethane resin, trade name "Chrisbon ASMU-121", manufactured by DIC Co., Ltd.-KC1100: acrylic resin, product Name "KC-1100, manufactured by Kyoeisha Chemical Co., Ltd.”
- -UC-102 Isoprene rubber, trade name "Kuraray UC-102, manufactured by Kuraray Co., Ltd.” ⁇ Amine mixture> -Amine mixed solution according to Preparation Example 1.
- Component (A) Component: Surface-modified metal nanoparticles (B) having a structure in which the surface of the metal nanoparticles is coated with an organic protective agent
- the proportion of the organic protective agent in the (A) component is 1 to 20% by weight (preferably 1 to 10% by weight) of the weight of the metal nanoparticles, [1. ]
- the average primary particle diameter of the metal nanoparticles is 0.5 to 100 nm (preferably 0.5 to 80 nm, more preferably 1 to 70 nm, still more preferably 1 to 60 nm), [1] or [2].
- the metal constituting the metal nanoparticles is at least one selected (preferably silver) from the group consisting of gold, silver, copper, nickel, aluminum, rhodium, cobalt, and ruthenium, [1] to The conductive ink according to any one of [3].
- the organic protective agent of the component (A) contains at least one functional group (preferably an amino group) selected from the group consisting of a carboxyl group, a hydroxyl group, an amino group, a sulfo group, and a thiol group.
- the boiling point of the alcohol (b-1) is 130 ° C. or higher (preferably 170 ° C. or higher, more preferably 185 ° C. or higher, still more preferably 190 ° C.
- the conductive ink according to any one.
- the hydrocarbon (b-2) contains an aliphatic hydrocarbon (particularly preferably a chain aliphatic hydrocarbon, most preferably a chain aliphatic hydrocarbon having 15 or more carbon atoms), [1] to [ 10]
- the boiling point of the hydrocarbon (b-2) is preferably 130 ° C. or higher (preferably 170 ° C.
- the polyvinyl acetal resin of the component (C) contains a polyvinyl acetal resin having a peak in the region of 1760 to 1800 cm -1 in the measurement of FT-IR, to any one of [1] to [13].
- the functional group attributed by the characteristic peak appearing in the region of 1760 to 1800 cm-1 in the measurement of FT-IR is a carboxylic acid, a salt thereof, an ester thereof, an anhydrate thereof, a chloride thereof, or other functional groups.
- the weight average molecular weight of the polyvinyl acetal resin as the component (C) is 0.1 ⁇ 10 4 to 30.0 ⁇ 10 4 (preferably 0.5 ⁇ 10 4 to 20.0 ⁇ 10 4) , particularly preferably.
- the conductive ink according to any one of [1] to [15].
- the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the polyvinyl acetal resin of the component (C) is 50 to 90 ° C. (preferably 55 to 85 ° C., more preferably 60 to 80 ° C.), [1] to [16]. ]
- the conductive ink according to any one of. [18] The conductive ink according to any one of [1] to [17], which further contains the following component (D).
- Dispersion Stabilizer [19] The conductive ink according to [18], wherein the dispersion stabilizer of the component (D) is a compound having at least an amino group.
- the amount of the dispersion stabilizer used is 10 to 500 parts by weight (preferably 50 to 300 parts by weight) with respect to 100 parts by weight of the polyvinyl acetal resin (C) [18] to [20].
- the conductive ink according to any one of the above.
- the content (metal element equivalent) of the surface-modified metal nanoparticles (A) in the total amount of the conductive ink (100% by weight) is 35 to 70% by weight (the lower limit is preferably 40% by weight, particularly preferably 40% by weight). 45% by weight, most preferably 50% by weight, particularly preferably 55% by weight; the upper limit is preferably 65% by weight, particularly preferably 60% by weight), any one of [1] to [21].
- the content of the dispersion medium (B) is 20 to 100 parts by weight (preferably 30 to 90 parts by weight, more preferably 40 to 80 parts by weight) with respect to 100 parts by weight of the surface-modified metal nanoparticles (A).
- the content of the dispersion medium (B) in the total amount of the conductive ink (100% by weight) is 20 to 65% by weight (preferably 25 to 60% by weight, more preferably 30 to 55% by weight, most preferably 30% by weight).
- the content of the alcohol (b-1) is 15 to 70 parts by weight (preferably 20 to 20 to 70 parts by weight) with respect to 100 parts by weight of the surface-modified metal nanoparticles (A).
- the conductive ink according to any one of [1] to [24], which is 60 parts by weight, particularly preferably 30 to 55 parts by weight, and most preferably 35 to 55 parts by weight).
- the content of the hydrocarbon (b-2) is 5 to 50 parts by weight (preferably 10 to 40 parts by weight) with respect to 100 parts by weight of the surface-modified metal nanoparticles (A).
- the total content of the alcohol (b-1) and the hydrocarbon (b-2) is 70% by weight or more (particularly preferably 75% by weight or more, most preferably 80% by weight or more) of the total amount of the component (B).
- the ratio of the contents of the alcohol (b-1) and the hydrocarbon (b-2) ((b-1) / (b-2) (weight ratio)) is 50/50 to 95/5 (for example, 40).
- the conductive ink according to any one of the above.
- the content of the polyvinyl acetal resin (C) is 0.1 to 5.0 parts by weight (the lower limit is preferably 0.) With respect to 100 parts by weight (metal element equivalent) of the surface-modified metal nanoparticles (A). 2 parts by weight, particularly preferably 0.3 parts by weight, most preferably 0.4 parts by weight, particularly preferably 0.5 parts by weight; the upper limit is preferably 3.0 parts by weight, particularly preferably 2.0 parts by weight.
- the content of the polyvinyl acetal resin (C) in the total amount of the conductive ink (100% by weight) is 0.05 to 3.0% by weight (the lower limit is preferably 0.1% by weight, particularly preferably 0). .15% by weight, most preferably 0.2% by weight, especially preferably 0.25% by weight; the upper limit is preferably 2.5% by weight, particularly preferably 2.0% by weight, most preferably 1.0% by weight. %), The conductive ink according to any one of [1] to [29].
- the ratio of the total amount of the surface-modified metal nanoparticles (A), the dispersion medium (B) and the polyvinyl acetal resin (C) to the total amount of the conductive ink (100% by weight) is 70% by weight or more (preferably 80% by weight).
- the conductive ink according to any one of [1] to [30], which is by weight% or more, particularly preferably 90% by weight or more).
- the viscosity of the conductive ink using a falling ball viscometer at 25 ° C. is 100 mPa ⁇ s or less (for example, 2 to 100 mPa ⁇ s, preferably 3 to 15 mPa ⁇ s, particularly preferably 5 to 15 mPa ⁇ s).
- the conductivity according to any one of [1] to [32], wherein the volume resistivity of the sintered body obtained by sintering at 120 ° C. for 30 minutes is 10 ⁇ cm or less (preferably 8 ⁇ cm or less). ink.
- a step of mixing the component (B) and the component (C) to prepare a mixed solution and The method for producing a conductive ink according to any one of [1] to [34], which comprises a step of further mixing the component (A) with the mixed solution.
- the conductive ink according to [35], wherein the step of mixing the component (B) and the component (C) to prepare a mixed solution further comprises mixing the following component (D). Manufacturing method.
- D Component: Dispersion stabilizer
- the conductive ink according to any one of [1] to [34] is printed on a substrate by inkjet printing, dip coating printing, slit coating printing, and spin coating printing.
- a method for manufacturing an electronic device which comprises a step of applying by spray printing and a step of sintering.
- An electronic device provided with a sintered body of the conductive ink according to any one of [1] to [34] on a substrate.
- the conductive ink of the present disclosure is useful for manufacturing an electronic device (for example, an electronic circuit) provided with wiring, electrodes, and the like.
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Abstract
Description
1.塗布に適した粘度を有すること
2.金属ナノ粒子を高分散状態で含有し、組成が均一であること
3.焼結に付すことにより、導電性に優れた焼結体が得られること
4.焼結に付すことにより、基板密着性に優れた焼結体が得られること
その他、ヒドロキシル基、カルボニル基、エーテル結合等を有する化合物を添加して、水素結合等の相互作用により焼結体の基板に対する密着性を向上させる方法も考えられるが、導電性インクにこれらを添加すると、金属ナノ粒子が凝集し易くなり、組成を均一に保持することが困難となる。
すなわち、導電性インクに、上述の1~3の特性を損なうことなく、4の特性(基板密着性)を付与する方法が見いだされていないのが現状である。
本開示の他の目的は、前記導電性インクを用いる電子デバイスの製造方法を提供することにある。
本開示の他の目的は、前記導電性インクの焼結体を備えた電子デバイスを提供することにある。
(A)成分:金属ナノ粒子の表面が、有機保護剤で被覆された構成を有する表面修飾金属ナノ粒子
(B)成分:アルコール(b-1)と炭化水素(b-2)とを含む分散媒
(C)成分:ポリビニルアセタール樹脂
(D)成分:分散安定化剤
前記混合溶液にさらに(A)成分を混合する工程と、を含む前記導電性インクの製造方法を提供する。
(D)成分:分散安定化剤
本開示の導電性インクは、下記(A)、(B)、及び(C)成分を含み、(C)成分の含有量が(A)成分100重量部に対して0.1~5.0重量部であり、25℃における粘度が100mPa・s以下である。
(A)成分:金属ナノ粒子の表面が、有機保護剤で被覆された構成を有する表面修飾金属ナノ粒子
(B)成分:アルコール(b-1)と炭化水素(b-2)とを含む分散媒
(C)成分:ポリビニルアセタール樹脂
本開示における表面修飾金属ナノ粒子(A)は、金属ナノ粒子の表面が、有機保護剤で被覆された構成を有する。そのため、本開示における表面修飾金属ナノ粒子(A)は、金属ナノ粒子間の間隔が確保され、凝集が抑制される。すなわち、本開示における表面修飾金属ナノ粒子(A)は、分散性に優れる。
本開示における分散媒(B)は、前記表面修飾金属ナノ粒子(A)を分散する分散媒である。分散媒(B)は、少なくとも、アルコール(b-1)と炭化水素(b-2)とを含む。前記(b-1)と前記(b-2)は、それぞれ、1種を単独で又は2種以上を組み合わせて含有することができる。尚、前記(b-1)、(b-2)は、単独では、常温、常圧下で液体であっても、また固体であってもよいが、これらを共に含有する分散媒(B)は、常温、常圧下で液体の分散媒(液体分散媒)である。
前記(b-1)には、第1級アルコール、第2級アルコール、及び第3級アルコールが含まれる。本開示においては、なかでも、表面修飾金属ナノ粒子(A)の有機保護剤との反応性が低く、有機保護剤の損失が抑制されることにより、表面修飾金属ナノ粒子(A)の分散性を長期安定的に維持することができる、すなわち分散安定性に優れる点、及び、低温焼結の場合においても速やかに蒸散することにより金属ナノ粒子の焼結性が向上する、すなわち低温焼結性を付与することができる点で、第2級アルコール及び/又は第3級アルコールが特に好ましい。
前記(b-2)には脂肪族炭化水素、脂環式炭化水素、及び芳香族炭化水素が含まれる。本開示においては、なかでも、表面修飾金属ナノ粒子(A)の分散性に特に優れる点で脂肪族炭化水素及び/又は脂環式炭化水素が好ましい。
本開示の導電性インクは、上記アルコール(b-1)に対して良好な溶解性を示すポリビニルアセタール樹脂(C)を、(A)成分100重量部に対して0.1~5.0重量部含有する。その為、塗布性を損なうことなく、また、当該導電性インクの焼結体の導電性を損なうことなく、当該導電性インクの焼結体に優れた基板密着性(特に、ガラス基板等の平滑基板に対する密着性)を付与することができる。
本開示の導電性インクは、例えば、金属化合物と有機保護剤とを混合して、前記金属化合物と有機保護剤を含む錯体を生成させる工程(錯体生成工程)、前記錯体を熱分解させる工程(熱分解工程)、及び、必要に応じて反応生成物を洗浄する工程(洗浄工程)を経て表面修飾金属ナノ粒子(A)を製造し、得られた表面修飾金属ナノ粒子(A)に、分散媒(B)とポリビニルアセタール樹脂(C)とを混合する工程(導電性インクの調製工程)を経て製造することができる。
錯体生成工程は、金属化合物と有機保護剤とを混合して、金属化合物と有機保護剤を含む錯体を生成する工程である。本開示においては、前記金属化合物として銀化合物を使用することが、ナノサイズの銀粒子は100℃程度の温度で相互に融着するため、耐熱性の低い汎用プラスチック基板上にも導電性に優れた配線等を形成することができる点で好ましく、特に、加熱により容易に分解して、金属銀を生成する銀化合物を使用することが好ましい。このような銀化合物としては、例えば、ギ酸銀、酢酸銀、シュウ酸銀、マロン酸銀、安息香酸銀、フタル酸銀等のカルボン酸銀;フッ化銀、塩化銀、臭化銀、ヨウ化銀等のハロゲン化銀;硫酸銀、硝酸銀、炭酸銀等を挙げることができる。本開示においては、なかでも、銀含有率が高く、且つ、還元剤を使用することなく熱分解することができ、導電性インクに還元剤由来の不純物が混入しにくい点で、シュウ酸銀が好ましい。
モノアミン(1)の含有量:例えば5~65モル%(下限は、好ましくは10モル%、特に好ましくは20モル%、最も好ましくは30モル%である。また、上限は、好ましくは60モル%、特に好ましくは50モル%である)
モノアミン(2)とジアミン(3)の合計含有量:例えば35~95モル%(下限は、好ましくは40モル%、特に好ましくは50モル%である。また、上限は、好ましくは90モル%、特に好ましくは80モル%、最も好ましくは70モル%である)
モノアミン(2)の含有量:例えば5~65モル%(下限は、好ましくは10モル%、特に好ましくは20モル%、最も好ましくは30モル%である。また、上限は、好ましくは60モル%、特に好ましくは50モル%である)
ジアミン(3)の含有量:例えば5~50モル%(下限は、好ましくは10モル%である。また、上限は、好ましくは40モル%、特に好ましくは30モル%である)
熱分解工程は、錯体生成工程を経て得られた金属-有機保護剤の錯体を熱分解させて、表面修飾金属ナノ粒子を形成する工程である。金属-有機保護剤の錯体を加熱することにより、金属原子に対する有機保護剤の配位結合を維持したままで金属化合物が熱分解して金属原子を生成し、次に、有機保護剤が配位した金属原子が凝集して、有機保護膜で被覆された金属ナノ粒子が形成されると考えられる。
金属-有機保護剤の錯体の熱分解反応終了後、過剰の有機保護剤が存在する場合は、これを除去するために、デカンテーションを1回、又は2回以上繰り返して行うことが好ましい。また、デカンテーション終了後の表面修飾金属ナノ粒子は、乾燥・固化することなく、湿潤状態のままで後述の導電性インクの調製工程へ供することが、表面修飾金属ナノ粒子の再凝集を抑制することができ、高分散性を維持することができる点で好ましい。
導電性インクの調製工程は、上記工程を経て得られた表面修飾金属ナノ粒子(A)(好ましくは、湿潤状態の表面修飾金属ナノ粒子(A))と分散媒(B)とポリビニルアセタール樹脂(C)と、必要に応じて添加剤とを混合して、本開示の導電性インクを調製する工程である。前記混合には、例えば、自公転式撹拌脱泡装置、ホモジナイザー、プラネタリーミキサー、3本ロールミル、ビーズミル等の一般的に知られる混合用機器を使用することができる。また、各成分は、同時に混合してもよいし、逐次混合してもよい。各成分の配合割合は、下記範囲において、適宜調整することができる。
本開示の電子デバイスの製造方法は、基板上に、上記導電性インクを、インクジェット印刷法、ディップコート印刷、スリットコート印刷、スピンコート印刷、スプレー印刷、グラビア印刷法、フレキソ印刷法等の印刷法により塗布する工程、及び焼結する工程を含む。
錯体生成工程
硝酸銀(和光純薬工業(株)製)とシュウ酸二水和物(和光純薬工業(株)製)から、シュウ酸銀(分子量:303.78)を得た。
500mLフラスコに前記シュウ酸銀20.0g(65.8mmol)を仕込み、これに、n-ブタノール30.0gを添加し、シュウ酸銀のn-ブタノールスラリーを調製した。
このスラリーに、30℃で、n-ブチルアミン(分子量:73.14、(株)ダイセル製)57.8g(790.1mmol)、n-ヘキシルアミン(分子量:101.19、東京化成工業(株)製)40.0g(395.0mmol)、n-オクチルアミン(分子量:129.25、商品名「ファーミン08D」、花王(株)製)38.3g(296.3mmol)、n-ドデシルアミン(分子量:185.35、商品名「ファーミン20D」、花王(株)製)18.3g(98.8mmol)、及びN,N-ジメチル-1,3-プロパンジアミン(分子量:102.18、広栄化学工業(株)製)40.4g(395.0mmol)のアミン混合液を滴下した。
滴下後、30℃で2時間撹拌して、シュウ酸銀とアミンの錯形成反応を進行させ、白色物質(シュウ酸銀-アミン錯体)を得た。
シュウ酸銀-アミン錯体の形成後に、反応液温度を30℃から105℃程度(103~108℃)まで昇温し、その後、前記温度を保持した状態で1時間加熱して、シュウ酸銀-アミン錯体を熱分解させて、濃青色の表面修飾銀ナノ粒子がアミン混合液中に懸濁した懸濁液を得た。
冷却後、得られた懸濁液にメタノール200gを加えて撹拌し、その後、遠心分離により表面修飾銀ナノ粒子を沈降させ、上澄み液を除去し、再度、メタノール60gを加えて撹拌し、その後、遠心分離により表面修飾銀ナノ粒子を沈降させ、上澄み液を除去した。このようにして、湿潤状態の表面修飾銀ナノ粒子を得た。
下記表1に記載の処方(単位:重量部)に従って表面修飾銀ナノ粒子以外の各成分をはかり取り、80℃のオイルバス中で1時間撹拌し、その後、表1に記載の処方に従って湿潤状態の表面修飾銀ナノ粒子と混合して、濃青色の銀インク(1)(銀濃度:50重量%)を得た。
得られた銀インク(1)について、分析装置として商品名「ゼータナノサイザーシリーズ ナノ-S」(マルバーン社製)を使用して、動的光散乱法にて、表面修飾銀ナノ粒子の平均粒子径を確認したところ、25nmであった。
下記表1、2に記載の通りに処方を変更した以外は実施例1と同様に行って銀インク(銀濃度:50重量%)を得た。
実施例及び比較例で得られた銀インクの粘度(mPa・s)は、落球式粘度計(商品名「Lovis2000M」,Anton Paar社製)を用いて、25℃において測定した。
実施例及び比較例で得られた銀インクを、インクジェットプリンタ(商品名「インクジェットヘッドKM512-SHX」、コニカミノルタ(株)製)を使用して射出試験を行い、下記基準で射出性を評価した。
評価基準
射出性良好(○):良好に射出できた
射出性不良(×):飛行曲がりが生じた、又はノズル口が目詰まりして射出できなかった
実施例及び比較例で得られた銀インクを無アルカリガラス板上に塗布して塗膜を形成した。得られた塗膜について、ホットプレートを使用して、120℃で30分間焼結し、およそ1μm厚みの焼結体を得た。
得られた焼結体/無アルカリガラス板積層体について下記方法により基板密着性評価試験を行った。
すなわち、焼結体/無アルカリガラス板積層体の焼結体表面に、カッターナイフを用いて、1mm間隔で縦方向に11本の切り傷をつけ、さらに縦方向の切り傷に対して直交するように横方向に11本の切り傷をつけ、100マスの碁盤目を作製した。この碁盤目に粘着テープ(商品名「紙粘着テープNo.209」,ニチバン製)を強く圧着させ、前記粘着テープを剥離した際に、無アルカリガラス板上に残った焼結体の割合(残存率:%)から基板密着性を評価した。
焼結体の基板密着性評価と同様の方法で得られた焼結体について、4端子法(ロレスタGP MCP-T610)を用いて表面抵抗値を測定し、下記式から体積抵抗率を算出して導電性を評価した。
体積抵抗率(μΩcm)=表面抵抗率×膜厚
<表面修飾金属ナノ粒子>
・表面修飾銀ナノ粒子:調製例1で得られた表面修飾銀ナノ粒子
<分散媒>
・テトラデカン:沸点253℃、東京化成工業(株)製試薬
・(±)-メントール:沸点212℃、東京化成工業(株)製試薬
<ポリマー>
・SV-02:ポリビニルブチラール樹脂、商品名「エスレック SV-02」、積水化学工業(株)製
・BL-1:ポリビニルブチラール樹脂、商品名「エスレック BL-1」、積水化学工業(株)製
・B14S:ポリビニルブチラール樹脂、商品名「Mowital B14S」、(株)クラレ製
・ASPU-121:ポリエーテルウレタン樹脂、商品名「クリスボン ASPU-121」、DIC(株)製
・KC1100:アクリル樹脂、商品名「KC-1100、共栄社化学(株)製」
・UC-102:イソプレンゴム、商品名「クラプレン UC-102、(株)クラレ製」
<アミン混合液>
・調製例1に記載のアミン混合液
上記「SV-02」のFT-IRスペクトルの1600~2000cm-1の領域の吸収ピークを図1に示す。カルボン酸に帰属される「1772.58cm-1」のピークが確認された。
[1]下記(A)、(B)、及び(C)成分を含み、(C)成分の含有量が(A)成分100重量部に対して0.1~5.0重量部であり、25℃における粘度が100mPa・s以下である導電性インク。
(A)成分:金属ナノ粒子の表面が、有機保護剤で被覆された構成を有する表面修飾金属ナノ粒子
(B)成分:アルコール(b-1)と炭化水素(b-2)とを含む分散媒
(C)成分:ポリビニルアセタール樹脂
[2](A)成分における有機保護剤の割合は、金属ナノ粒子の重量の1~20重量%(好ましくは、1~10重量%)である、[1]に記載の導電性インク。
[3]金属ナノ粒子の平均一次粒子径は、0.5~100nm(好ましくは0.5~80nm、より好ましくは1~70nm、さらに好ましくは1~60nm)である、[1]又は[2]に記載の導電性インク。
[4]金属ナノ粒子を構成する金属は、金、銀、銅、ニッケル、アルミニウム、ロジウム、コバルト、及びルテニウムからなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1種(好ましくは、銀)である、[1]~[3]の何れか1つに記載の導電性インク。
[5](A)成分を構成する金属ナノ粒子が銀ナノ粒子である、[1]~[4]の何れか1つに記載の導電性インク。
[6](A)成分の前記有機保護剤が、カルボキシル基、ヒドロキシル基、アミノ基、スルホ基、及びチオール基からなる群より選択される少なくとも1種の官能基(好ましくは、アミノ基)を有する化合物である、[1]~[5]の何れか1つに記載の導電性インク。
[7](A)成分の前記有機保護剤が、少なくともアミノ基を有する化合物(好ましくは、アミノ基を有する炭素数4~18の化合物)である、[1]~[6]の何れか1つに記載の導電性インク。
[8]アルコール(b-1)が、脂環式第2級アルコール及び/又は脂環式第3級アルコールである、[1]~[7]の何れか1つに記載の導電性インク。
[9]アルコール(b-1)の沸点は、130℃以上(好ましくは170℃以上であり、より好ましくは185℃以上、更に好ましくは190℃以上)である、[1]~[8]の何れか1つに記載の導電性インク。
[10]アルコール(b-1)の沸点は、300℃以下(好ましくは250℃以下、より好ましくは220℃以下)である、[1]~[9]の何れか1つに記載の導電性インク。
[11]炭化水素(b-2)が、脂肪族炭化水素(特に好ましくは鎖状脂肪族炭化水素、最も好ましくは炭素数15以上の鎖状脂肪族炭化水素)を含む、[1]~[10]の何れか1つに記載の導電性インク。
[12]炭化水素(b-2)の沸点は、130℃以上(好ましくは170℃以上、より好ましくは190℃以上、さらに好ましくは200℃以上が好ましく、さらにより好ましくは230℃以上、特に好ましくは250℃以上、最も好ましくは270℃以上)である、[1]~[11]の何れか1つに記載の導電性インク。
[13](C)成分が、ポリビニルブチラール樹脂を含む、[1]~[12]の何れか1つに記載の導電性インク。
[14](C)成分の前記ポリビニルアセタール樹脂が、FT-IRの測定において1760~1800cm-1の領域にピークを有するポリビニルアセタール樹脂を含む、[1]~[13]の何れか1つに記載の導電性インク。
[15]FT-IRの測定において1760~1800cm-1の領域に現れる特徴的ピークにより帰属される官能基は、カルボン酸、その塩、そのエステル、その無水物、その塩化物、又は、その他のカルボン酸の誘導体に由来するものである、[14]に記載の導電性インク。
[16](C)成分の前記ポリビニルアセタール樹脂の重量平均分子量が、0.1×104~30.0×104(好ましくは0.5×104~20.0×104、特に好ましくは0.5×104~10.0×104、最も好ましくは0.5×104~5.0×104、とりわけ好ましくは0.5×104~3.0×104)である、[1]~[15]の何れか1つに記載の導電性インク。
[17](C)成分の前記ポリビニルアセタール樹脂のガラス転移温度(Tg)は、50~90℃(好ましくは55~85℃、より好ましくは60~80℃)である、[1]~[16]の何れか1つに記載の導電性インク。
[18]以下の(D)成分を、さらに含有する、[1]~[17]の何れか1つに記載の導電性インク。
(D)成分:分散安定化剤
[19](D)成分の前記分散安定化剤が、少なくともアミノ基を有する化合物である、[18]に記載の導電性インク。
[20](D)成分の前記分散安定化剤が、表面修飾金属ナノ粒子(A)の調製に使用する有機保護剤と同じである、[18]又は[19]に記載の導電性インク。
[21]前記分散安定化剤の使用量は、ポリビニルアセタール樹脂(C)100重量部に対して、10~500重量部(好ましくは50~300重量部)である、[18]~[20]の何れか1つに記載の導電性インク。
[22]導電性インク全量(100重量%)における、表面修飾金属ナノ粒子(A)の含有量(金属元素換算)は、35~70重量%(下限は、好ましくは40重量%、特に好ましくは45重量%、最も好ましくは50重量%、とりわけ好ましくは55重量%;上限は、好ましくは65重量%、特に好ましくは60重量%)である、[1]~[21]の何れか1つに記載の導電性インク。
[23]分散媒(B)の含有量は、表面修飾金属ナノ粒子(A)100重量部に対して、20~100重量部(好ましくは30~90重量部、より好ましくは40~80重量部、更に好ましくは50~75重量部、特に好ましくは55~75重量部、最も好ましくは60~75重量部)である、[1]~[22]の何れか1つに記載の導電性インク。
[24]導電性インク全量(100重量%)における、分散媒(B)の含有量は、20~65重量%(好ましくは25~60重量%、更に好ましくは30~55重量%、最も好ましくは30~50重量%)である、[1]~[23]の何れか1つに記載の導電性インク。
[25]アルコール(b-1)(特に、単環式第2級アルコール)の含有量は、表面修飾金属ナノ粒子(A)100重量部に対して、15~70重量部(好ましくは20~60重量部、特に好ましくは30~55重量部、最も好ましくは35~55重量部)である、[1]~[24]の何れか1つに記載の導電性インク。
[26]炭化水素(b-2)(特に、脂肪族炭化水素)の含有量は、表面修飾金属ナノ粒子(A)100重量部に対して、5~50重量部(好ましくは10~40重量部、特に好ましくは15~30重量部、最も好ましくは15~28重量部)である、[1]~[25]の何れか1つに記載の導電性インク。
[27]アルコール(b-1)と炭化水素(b-2)との合計含有量が(B)成分全量の70重量%以上(特に好ましくは75重量%以上、最も好ましくは80重量%以上)である、[1]~[26]の何れか1つに記載の導電性インク。
[28]アルコール(b-1)と炭化水素(b-2)の含有量の比((b-1)/(b-2)(重量比))が50/50~95/5(例えば40/60~95/5、好ましくは45/55~90/10、より好ましくは50/50~85/15、特に好ましくは、60/40~80/20)である、[1]~[27]の何れか1つに記載の導電性インク。
[29]ポリビニルアセタール樹脂(C)の含有量は、表面修飾金属ナノ粒子(A)100重量部(金属元素換算)に対して0.1~5.0重量部(下限は、好ましくは0.2重量部、特に好ましくは0.3重量部、最も好ましくは0.4重量部、とりわけ好ましくは0.5重量部;上限は、好ましくは3.0重量部、特に好ましくは2.0重量部、最も好ましくは1.0重量部)である、[1]~[28]の何れか1つに記載の導電性インク。
[30]導電性インク全量(100重量%)における、ポリビニルアセタール樹脂(C)の含有量は、0.05~3.0重量%(下限は、好ましくは0.1重量%、特に好ましくは0.15重量%、最も好ましくは0.2重量%、とりわけ好ましくは0.25重量%;上限は、好ましくは2.5重量%、特に好ましくは2.0重量%、最も好ましくは1.0重量%)である、[1]~[29]の何れか1つに記載の導電性インク。
[31]導電性インク全量(100重量%)における、表面修飾金属ナノ粒子(A)と分散媒(B)とポリビニルアセタール樹脂(C)の合計の占める割合は、70重量%以上(好ましくは80重量%以上、特に好ましくは90重量%以上)である、[1]~[30]の何れか1つに記載の導電性インク。
[32]導電性インクの25℃における落球式粘度計を用いた粘度は、100mPa・s以下(例えば、2~100mPa・s、好ましくは3~15mPa・s、特に好ましくは5~15mPa・s)である、[1]~[31]の何れか1つに記載の導電性インク。
[33]120℃で30分間焼結して得られる焼結体の体積抵抗率が10μΩcm以下(好ましくは8μΩcm以下)である、[1]~[32]の何れか1つに記載の導電性インク。
[34]インクジェット印刷、ディップコート印刷、スリットコート印刷、スピンコート印刷またはスプレー印刷に用いられる、[1]~[33]の何れか1つに記載の導電性インク。
[35](B)成分と(C)成分とを混合して、混合溶液を調製する工程と、
前記混合溶液にさらに(A)成分を混合する工程と、を含む
[1]~[34]の何れか1つに記載の導電性インクの製造方法。
[36]前記(B)成分と(C)成分とを混合して、混合溶液を調製する工程が、さらに以下の(D)成分を混合することを含む、[35]に記載の導電性インクの製造方法。
(D)成分:分散安定化剤
[37]基板上に、[1]~[34]の何れか1つに記載の導電性インクを、インクジェット印刷、ディップコート印刷、スリットコート印刷、スピンコート印刷またはスプレー印刷により塗布する工程、及び焼結する工程を含む、電子デバイスの製造方法。
[38]基板上に、[1]~[34]の何れか1つに記載の導電性インクの焼結体を備えた、電子デバイス。
Claims (19)
- 下記(A)、(B)、及び(C)成分を含み、(C)成分の含有量が(A)成分100重量部に対して0.1~5.0重量部であり、25℃における粘度が100mPa・s以下である導電性インク。
(A)成分:金属ナノ粒子の表面が、有機保護剤で被覆された構成を有する表面修飾金属ナノ粒子
(B)成分:アルコール(b-1)と炭化水素(b-2)とを含む分散媒
(C)成分:ポリビニルアセタール樹脂 - アルコール(b-1)と炭化水素(b-2)との合計含有量が(B)成分全量の70重量%以上である、請求項1に記載の導電性インク。
- アルコール(b-1)と炭化水素(b-2)の含有量の比((b-1)/(b-2)(重量比))が50/50~95/5である、請求項1又は2に記載の導電性インク。
- (A)成分の前記有機保護剤が、カルボキシル基、ヒドロキシル基、アミノ基、スルホ基、及びチオール基からなる群より選択される少なくとも1種の官能基を有する化合物である、請求項1~3の何れか1項に記載の導電性インク。
- (A)成分の前記有機保護剤が、少なくともアミノ基を有する化合物である、請求項1~4の何れか1項に記載の導電性インク。
- アルコール(b-1)が、脂環式第2級アルコール及び/又は脂環式第3級アルコールである、請求項1~5の何れか1項に記載の導電性インク。
- 炭化水素(b-2)が、脂肪族炭化水素を含む、請求項1~6の何れか1項に記載の導電性インク。
- (C)成分の前記ポリビニルアセタール樹脂の重量平均分子量が、0.1×104~30.0×104である、請求項1~7の何れか1項に記載の導電性インク。
- (C)成分が、ポリビニルブチラール樹脂を含む、請求項1~8の何れか1項に記載の導電性インク。
- (C)成分の前記ポリビニルアセタール樹脂が、FT-IRの測定において1760~1800cm-1の領域にピークを有するポリビニルアセタール樹脂を含む、請求項1~9の何れか1項に記載の導電性インク。
- 120℃で30分間焼結して得られる焼結体の体積抵抗率が10μΩcm以下である、請求項1~10の何れか1項に記載の導電性インク。
- (A)成分を構成する金属ナノ粒子が銀ナノ粒子である、請求項1~11の何れか1項に記載の導電性インク。
- インクジェット印刷、ディップコート印刷、スリットコート印刷、スピンコート印刷またはスプレー印刷に用いられる、請求項1~12の何れか1項に記載の導電性インク。
- 以下の(D)成分を、さらに含有する、請求項1~13の何れか1項に記載の導電性インク。
(D)成分:分散安定化剤 - (D)成分の前記分散安定化剤が、少なくともアミノ基を有する化合物である、請求項14に記載の導電性インク。
- (B)成分と(C)成分とを混合して、混合溶液を調製する工程と、
前記混合溶液にさらに(A)成分を混合する工程と、を含む
請求項1~13の何れか1項に記載の導電性インクの製造方法。 - 前記(B)成分と(C)成分とを混合して、混合溶液を調製する工程が、さらに以下の(D)成分を混合することを含む、請求項16に記載の導電性インクの製造方法。
(D)成分:分散安定化剤 - 基板上に、請求項1~15の何れか1項に記載の導電性インクを、インクジェット印刷、ディップコート印刷、スリットコート印刷、スピンコート印刷またはスプレー印刷により塗布する工程、及び焼結する工程を含む、電子デバイスの製造方法。
- 基板上に、請求項1~15の何れか1項に記載の導電性インクの焼結体を備えた、電子デバイス。
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WO2014021270A1 (ja) | 2012-08-02 | 2014-02-06 | 株式会社ダイセル | 銀ナノ粒子含有インクの製造方法及び銀ナノ粒子含有インク |
JP2016121241A (ja) * | 2014-12-24 | 2016-07-07 | 昭和電工株式会社 | 薄膜印刷用導電性組成物及び薄膜導電パターン形成方法 |
WO2017175661A1 (ja) * | 2016-04-04 | 2017-10-12 | 株式会社ダイセル | スクリーン印刷用インク |
JP2020118058A (ja) | 2019-01-22 | 2020-08-06 | ダイハツ工業株式会社 | 内燃機関の制御装置 |
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WO2014021270A1 (ja) | 2012-08-02 | 2014-02-06 | 株式会社ダイセル | 銀ナノ粒子含有インクの製造方法及び銀ナノ粒子含有インク |
JP2016121241A (ja) * | 2014-12-24 | 2016-07-07 | 昭和電工株式会社 | 薄膜印刷用導電性組成物及び薄膜導電パターン形成方法 |
WO2017175661A1 (ja) * | 2016-04-04 | 2017-10-12 | 株式会社ダイセル | スクリーン印刷用インク |
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EP4180490A1 (en) | 2023-05-17 |
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