WO2022006890A1 - 电池的箱体、电池、用电装置、制备电池的方法和装置 - Google Patents
电池的箱体、电池、用电装置、制备电池的方法和装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022006890A1 WO2022006890A1 PCT/CN2020/101435 CN2020101435W WO2022006890A1 WO 2022006890 A1 WO2022006890 A1 WO 2022006890A1 CN 2020101435 W CN2020101435 W CN 2020101435W WO 2022006890 A1 WO2022006890 A1 WO 2022006890A1
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- Prior art keywords
- pressure relief
- relief mechanism
- thermal management
- battery
- management component
- Prior art date
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- H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Definitions
- the embodiments of the present application relate to the field of batteries, and more particularly, to a battery case, a battery, an electrical device, and a method and device for preparing a battery.
- Embodiments of the present application provide a battery case, a battery, an electrical device, and a method and device for preparing a battery, which can enhance the safety of the battery.
- a battery case comprising: an electrical cavity for accommodating a plurality of battery cells and a bus component for realizing electrical connection of the plurality of battery cells, wherein, At least one battery cell of the plurality of battery cells includes a pressure relief mechanism for actuating to release the pressure when the internal pressure or temperature of the battery cell provided with the pressure relief mechanism reaches a threshold value. the internal pressure; a thermal management component for containing fluid to regulate the temperature of the plurality of battery cells; and a collection chamber for collecting from the device provided with the pressure relief mechanism when the pressure relief mechanism is actuated A discharge of a battery cell of a pressure relief mechanism; wherein the thermal management component is used to isolate the electrical cavity and the collection cavity.
- the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application utilize thermal management components to separate the electrical cavity for accommodating battery cells from the collection cavity for collecting emissions, and when the pressure relief mechanism is actuated, the emissions from the battery cells enter the collection cavity instead of entering the collection cavity. Or a small amount enters the electrical cavity so as not to affect the electrical connection in the electrical cavity, thus enhancing the safety of the battery.
- the thermal management component is configured to be destructible upon actuation of the pressure relief mechanism to allow the fluid to drain from the interior of the thermal management component; wherein the collection chamber is further configured with to collect emissions from the thermal management components.
- the thermal management component When the pressure relief mechanism is actuated, the thermal management component is destroyed, and the fluid is discharged from the interior of the thermal management component, which can cool the discharge of the battery cell and reduce the risk of the discharge.
- the thermal management component has walls common to the electrical cavity and the collection cavity.
- the thermal management component acts as a common wall of the electrical cavity and the collection cavity, the discharge can be isolated from the electrical cavity as much as possible, thereby reducing the danger of the discharge and enhancing the safety of the battery.
- the box body further includes a cover body having an opening, the thermal management component covers the opening of the cover body, and the cover body and the thermal management component form the electrical cavity.
- the cover body includes a first portion and a second portion with openings on opposite sides respectively, the first portion covers one side opening of the second portion, and the thermal management component covers the entire opening. The other side of the second part is opened.
- the case further includes: a protective member for protecting the thermal management component, and the protective member and the thermal management component form the collection cavity.
- the collection cavity formed by the protective member and the thermal management component can effectively collect and buffer the exhaust, and reduce its risk.
- the box body further includes a closed cover body, the thermal management component is disposed inside the cover body, and isolates the inside of the cover body into the electrical cavity and the collection cavity.
- the cover body includes a first part and a second part, one side of the second part has an opening to form a semi-closed structure, and the thermal management component is disposed inside the second part, so The first part covers the opening of the second part.
- the electrical cavity is isolated from the collection cavity by the thermal management component.
- the collection cavity is not communicated with the electrical cavity, and the liquid or gas in the collection cavity cannot enter the electrical cavity, so that the electrical cavity can be better protected.
- the thermal management component is provided with an area of weakness configured to be broken upon actuation of the pressure relief mechanism to allow the battery from the battery provided with the pressure relief mechanism Emissions of monomer pass through the weak zone and into the collection chamber.
- the exhaust can pass through the weak area and enter the collection cavity, preventing the exhaust from entering The electrical cavity; on the other hand, it can ensure the isolation between the electrical cavity and the collection cavity when the pressure relief mechanism is not actuated, so as to prevent substances in the collection cavity from entering the electrical cavity.
- the weakened area is positioned opposite the pressure relief mechanism. In this way, when the pressure relief mechanism is actuated, the discharge can directly impinge on the weakened area to open the weakened area.
- the thermal management component is provided with a groove opposite to the pressure relief mechanism, and a bottom wall of the groove forms the weak area.
- the pressure relief mechanism is provided on a first wall of the battery cell provided with the pressure relief mechanism, the first wall is attached to the thermal management component, and the groove is provided on the surface of the thermal management component facing the first wall.
- the thermal management component includes a first thermally conductive plate and a second thermally conductive plate, the first thermally conductive plate being located between the first wall and the second thermally conductive plate and attached to the first thermally conductive plate A wall with a first region of the first thermally conductive plate recessed into the second thermally conductive plate to form the groove, the first region connected to the second thermally conductive plate.
- the first region is provided with a first through hole, and the radial dimension of the first through hole is smaller than the radial dimension of the groove.
- the thickness of the second thermally conductive plate corresponding to the first through hole is smaller than the thickness of the second thermally conductive plate in other regions. In this way, the weak areas are more easily damaged by the emissions.
- the thickness of the weakened region is less than or equal to 3 mm.
- the region of weakness has a lower melting point than the remainder of the thermal management component.
- the material used in the weak zone has a melting point below 400°C.
- the portion of the thermal management component around the weak zone can be damaged by emissions from the battery cells provided with the pressure relief mechanism to allow the fluid to escape from the thermal management The interior of the component is drained.
- the sides of the groove can be damaged by emissions from the battery cells provided with the pressure relief mechanism to allow the fluid to drain from the interior of the thermal management component.
- the discharge of the battery cells rushes into the groove, and because the bottom wall of the groove is relatively weak, the discharge will damage the groove.
- the bottom wall enters the collection cavity; in addition, the discharges flushed into the grooves will also melt the sides of the grooves, so that the fluid is discharged from the interior of the thermal management component, thereby reducing the high-temperature discharges. Cool down.
- the radial dimension of the groove tapers away from the pressure relief mechanism. This can increase the contact area with the discharge, making it easier to be destroyed by the discharge.
- the groove is configured as an escape cavity that can be opened when the pressure relief mechanism is actuated.
- the escape cavity provides a deformation space for the pressure relief mechanism to deform and rupture toward the thermal management component.
- the depth of the groove is related to the size of the pressure relief mechanism.
- the grooves are greater than 1 mm in depth.
- the area of the opening of the groove is related to the area of the pressure relief mechanism.
- the ratio of the area of the opening of the groove to the area of the pressure relief mechanism ranges from 0.5 to 2.
- At least part of the pressure relief mechanism protrudes outward from the first wall, and the escape cavity is used to accommodate the at least part of the pressure relief mechanism.
- a portion of the first wall around the pressure relief mechanism is convex, and the escape cavity is used to accommodate the convex portion of the first wall around the pressure relief mechanism.
- the first wall of the battery cell can closely fit the surface of the thermal management component, which not only facilitates fixing the battery cell, but also saves space and improves the thermal management efficiency;
- the discharged waste can be discharged toward the avoidance cavity and away from the battery cell, which reduces its danger, thereby enhancing the safety of the battery.
- the thermal management component is provided with a second through hole configured to come from the battery cell provided with the pressure relief mechanism when the pressure relief mechanism is actuated
- the exhaust can enter the collection cavity through the second through hole.
- the second through hole is disposed opposite to the pressure relief mechanism.
- the portion of the thermal management component around the second through hole can be damaged by emissions from the battery cells provided with the pressure relief mechanism to allow the fluid to escape from the pressure relief mechanism. Internal exhaust of thermal management components.
- the hole wall of the second through hole can be damaged by the discharge from the battery cell provided with the pressure relief mechanism, so that the fluid is discharged from the interior of the thermal management component .
- the discharge of the battery cells rushes into the second through hole. Since the discharge is high-pressure and high-heat discharge, the discharge will also pass through the second through hole. The hole wall of the second through hole is melted, so that the fluid is discharged from the interior of the thermal management member, thereby cooling the discharge.
- the radial dimension of the second through hole gradually decreases in a direction away from the pressure relief mechanism. This can increase the contact area with the discharge, making it easier to be destroyed by the discharge.
- the area of the opening of the second through hole is related to the area of the pressure relief mechanism.
- the ratio of the area of the opening of the second through hole to the area of the pressure relief mechanism ranges from 0.5 to 2.
- the pressure relief mechanism is provided on a first wall of the battery cell provided with the pressure relief mechanism, the first wall is attached to the thermal management component, the pressure relief mechanism At least a part of the second through hole protrudes outward from the first wall, and the second through hole is used for accommodating the at least part of the pressure relief mechanism.
- the first wall of the battery cell can closely fit the surface of the thermal management component, which not only facilitates fixing the battery cell, but also saves space and improves the thermal management efficiency;
- the discharged pollutants can be discharged toward the second through holes and away from the battery cells, reducing the danger thereof, thereby enhancing the safety of the battery.
- the pressure relief mechanism is provided on a first wall of the battery cell provided with the pressure relief mechanism, the first wall is attached to the thermal management component, the first wall A portion around the pressure relief mechanism is convex, and the second through hole is used for accommodating the convex portion of the first wall around the pressure relief mechanism.
- the pressure relief mechanism is provided on the first wall of the battery cell provided with the pressure relief mechanism, and the second wall of the battery cell provided with the pressure relief mechanism is provided with Electrode terminals, the second wall is different from the first wall.
- the pressure relief mechanism and the electrode terminal are arranged on different walls of the battery cell, so that when the pressure relief mechanism is actuated, the discharge of the battery cell is farther away from the electrode terminal, thereby reducing the impact of the discharge on the electrode terminal and the bus components. , so the safety of the battery can be enhanced.
- the second wall is positioned opposite the first wall.
- the pressure relief mechanism is a temperature-sensitive pressure relief mechanism, and the temperature-sensitive pressure relief mechanism is configured to be able to melt when the internal temperature of the battery cell provided with the pressure relief mechanism reaches a threshold value and/or, the pressure relief mechanism is a pressure-sensitive pressure relief mechanism, and the pressure-sensitive pressure relief mechanism is configured to be able to rupture when the internal air pressure of the battery cell provided with the pressure relief mechanism reaches a threshold value.
- a battery comprising: a plurality of battery cells, at least one battery cell in the plurality of battery cells includes a pressure relief mechanism, the pressure relief mechanism is configured to When the internal pressure or temperature of the battery cells of the pressure mechanism reaches a threshold, it is actuated to release the internal pressure; a confluence part is used to realize the electrical connection of the plurality of battery cells; and the box of the first aspect.
- an electrical device including: the battery of the second aspect.
- the powered device is a vehicle, a ship or a spacecraft.
- a method for preparing a battery comprising: providing a plurality of battery cells, at least one of the plurality of battery cells includes a pressure relief mechanism, and the pressure relief mechanism is used for setting Actuating to relieve the internal pressure when the internal pressure or temperature of the battery cells with the pressure relief mechanism reaches a threshold value; providing a bussing member for realizing electrical connection of the plurality of battery cells;
- a case is provided, the case comprising: an electrical cavity; a thermal management component for containing a fluid; a collection cavity; wherein the thermal management component isolates the electrical cavity and the collection cavity;
- the body and the confluence part are accommodated in the electrical box, wherein the collection chamber collects the discharge from the battery cells provided with the pressure relief mechanism when the pressure relief mechanism is actuated.
- the thermal management component is breakable upon actuation of the pressure relief mechanism to allow the fluid to drain from the interior of the thermal management component; the collection chamber also collects the thermal management component emissions.
- the thermal management component has walls common to the electrical cavity and the collection cavity.
- the box body further includes a cover body having an opening, the thermal management component covers the opening of the cover body, and the cover body and the thermal management component form the electrical cavity.
- the case further includes: a protective member for protecting the thermal management component, and the protective member and the thermal management component form the collection cavity.
- an apparatus for preparing a battery including a module for performing the method of the above-mentioned fourth aspect.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a vehicle according to an embodiment of the application.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery according to an embodiment of the application.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery module according to an embodiment of the present application.
- FIG. 4 is an exploded view of a battery cell according to an embodiment of the application.
- FIG. 5 is an exploded view of a battery cell according to another embodiment of the present application.
- FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of a weak area of a thermal management component according to an embodiment of the present application.
- FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of a groove of a thermal management component according to an embodiment of the application.
- FIG. 14a is a schematic plan view of a case of a battery according to an embodiment of the application.
- Fig. 14b is a schematic cross-sectional view of the box shown in Fig. 14a along A-A;
- Figure 14c is an enlarged view of part B of the box shown in Figure 14b;
- 15a is a schematic perspective view of a thermal management component according to an embodiment of the present application.
- Fig. 15b is a schematic cross-sectional view along A-A of the thermal management component of Fig. 15a;
- Figure 15c is an exploded view of a thermal management component of an embodiment of the application.
- 16 is a schematic diagram of an escape cavity of a thermal management component according to an embodiment of the application.
- FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram of a through hole of a thermal management component according to an embodiment of the application.
- FIG. 18 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery according to an embodiment of the application.
- FIG. 20 is a schematic flowchart of a method for preparing a battery according to an embodiment of the present application
- FIG. 21 is a schematic block diagram of an apparatus for preparing a battery according to an embodiment of the present application.
- the terms “installed”, “connected”, “connected” and “attached” should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be a fixed connection, It can also be a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be internal communication between two components.
- installed should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be a fixed connection, It can also be a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be internal communication between two components.
- multiple refers to two or more (including two), and similarly, “multiple groups” refers to two or more groups (including two groups), and “multiple sheets” refers to two or more sheets (includes two pieces).
- the battery cells may include lithium-ion secondary batteries, lithium-ion primary batteries, lithium-sulfur batteries, sodium-lithium-ion batteries, sodium-ion batteries, or magnesium-ion batteries, etc., which are not limited in the embodiments of the present application.
- the battery cell may be in the form of a cylinder, a flat body, a rectangular parallelepiped, or other shapes, which are not limited in the embodiments of the present application.
- the battery cells are generally divided into three types according to the packaging method: cylindrical battery cells, square-shaped battery cells, and soft-pack battery cells, which are not limited in the embodiments of the present application.
- the battery mentioned in the embodiments of the present application refers to a single physical module including one or more battery cells to provide higher voltage and capacity.
- the batteries mentioned in this application may include battery modules or battery packs, and the like.
- Batteries typically include a case for enclosing one or more battery cells. The box can prevent liquids or other foreign objects from affecting the charging or discharging of the battery cells.
- the battery cell includes an electrode assembly and an electrolyte, and the electrode assembly is composed of a positive electrode sheet, a negative electrode sheet and a separator.
- the battery cell mainly relies on the movement of metal ions between the positive and negative plates to work.
- the positive electrode sheet includes a positive electrode current collector and a positive electrode active material layer, the positive electrode active material layer is coated on the surface of the positive electrode current collector, the current collector without the positive electrode active material layer protrudes from the current collector coated with the positive electrode active material layer, and the positive electrode active material layer is not coated.
- the current collector coated with the positive electrode active material layer serves as the positive electrode tab.
- the material of the positive electrode current collector can be aluminum, and the positive electrode active material can be lithium cobalt oxide, lithium iron phosphate, ternary lithium, or lithium manganate.
- the negative electrode sheet comprises a negative electrode current collector and a negative electrode active material layer, the negative electrode active material layer is coated on the surface of the negative electrode current collector, the current collector without the negative electrode active material layer protrudes from the current collector coated with the negative electrode active material layer, The current collector coated with the negative electrode active material layer was used as the negative electrode tab.
- the material of the negative electrode current collector can be copper, and the negative electrode active material can be carbon or silicon.
- the number of positive tabs is multiple and stacked together, and the number of negative tabs is multiple and stacked together.
- the material of the diaphragm can be PP or PE, etc.
- the electrode assembly may be a wound structure or a laminated structure, and the embodiment of the present application is not limited thereto.
- the main safety hazard comes from the charging and discharging process, as well as appropriate ambient temperature design.
- the protection measures include at least switch elements, selection of appropriate isolation diaphragm materials and pressure relief mechanisms.
- the switching element refers to an element that can stop the charging or discharging of the battery when the temperature or resistance in the battery cell reaches a certain threshold.
- the separator is used to separate the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet. When the temperature rises to a certain value, the micro-scale (or even nano-scale) micropores attached to it can be automatically dissolved, so that the metal ions cannot pass through the separator and terminate the battery. Internal reactions of monomers.
- the pressure relief mechanism refers to an element or component that is actuated to relieve the internal pressure or temperature when the internal pressure or temperature of the battery cell reaches a predetermined threshold.
- the threshold design varies according to different design requirements.
- the threshold value may depend on the materials of one or more of the positive electrode sheet, the negative electrode sheet, the electrolyte and the separator in the battery cell.
- the pressure relief mechanism can take the form of an explosion-proof valve, a gas valve, a pressure relief valve or a safety valve, etc., and can specifically adopt a pressure-sensitive or temperature-sensitive element or structure, that is, when the internal pressure or temperature of the battery cell reaches a predetermined threshold When the pressure relief mechanism performs an action or the weak structure provided in the pressure relief mechanism is damaged, an opening or channel for releasing the internal pressure or temperature is formed.
- the "actuation" mentioned in this application means that the pressure relief mechanism is actuated or activated to a certain state, so that the internal pressure and temperature of the battery cell can be released.
- Actions produced by the pressure relief mechanism may include, but are not limited to, at least a portion of the pressure relief mechanism being ruptured, shattered, torn or opened, and the like.
- the emissions from the battery cells mentioned in this application include but are not limited to: electrolyte, dissolved or split positive and negative electrode sheets, fragments of separators, high temperature and high pressure gas generated by the reaction, flames, and the like.
- the pressure relief mechanism on the battery cell has an important impact on the safety of the battery. For example, when a short circuit, overcharge, etc. occurs, it may cause thermal runaway inside the battery cell, resulting in a sudden rise in pressure or temperature. In this case, the internal pressure and temperature can be released through the actuation of the pressure relief mechanism to prevent the battery cells from exploding and catching fire.
- the main focus is to release the high pressure and high heat inside the battery cell, that is, to discharge the exhaust to the outside of the battery cell.
- a plurality of battery cells are often required, and the plurality of battery cells are electrically connected through a busbar. Emissions discharged from the inside of the battery cells may cause short-circuits in the remaining battery cells. For example, when the discharged metal scraps electrically connect the two bus components, the batteries will be short-circuited, thus posing a safety hazard.
- the high-temperature and high-pressure discharge is discharged toward the direction in which the pressure relief mechanism is provided in the battery cell, and may be discharged in the direction toward the area where the pressure relief mechanism is actuated, and the power and destructive power of such discharge may be very large, It may even be enough to break through one or more structures in that direction, creating further safety concerns.
- the present application provides a technical solution that utilizes thermal management components to separate the interior of the battery case into an electrical cavity for accommodating battery cells and a collection cavity for collecting emissions, and when the pressure relief mechanism is actuated, the battery cells
- the discharge of the body enters the collection cavity, but does not enter the electric cavity or only a small amount enters the electric cavity, thereby reducing the influence of the discharge on the current collecting parts in the electric cavity, thus enhancing the safety of the battery.
- the discharge of the battery cell is collected through the collection chamber, the high temperature and high pressure discharge is buffered, the pressure and temperature of the discharge are reduced, and the damage to other structures is reduced, thereby further enhancing the safety of the battery.
- Thermal management components are used to contain fluids to regulate the temperature of the plurality of battery cells.
- the fluid here can be liquid or gas, and adjusting the temperature refers to heating or cooling a plurality of battery cells.
- the thermal management component is used to contain a cooling fluid to reduce the temperature of the plurality of battery cells.
- the thermal management component may also be called a cooling component, a cooling system or a cooling plate, etc.
- the fluid it contains can also be called cooling medium or cooling fluid, more specifically, it can be called cooling liquid or cooling gas.
- the thermal management component may also be used for heating to heat up a plurality of battery cells, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present application.
- the fluid can be circulated to achieve better temperature regulation.
- the fluid may be water, a mixture of water and ethylene glycol, or air, or the like.
- the electrical cavity is used to accommodate a plurality of battery cells and bus components.
- the electrical cavity can be sealed or unsealed.
- the electrical cavity provides installation space for battery cells and bus components.
- a structure for fixing the battery cells may also be provided in the electrical cavity.
- the shape of the electrical cavity may be determined according to the plurality of battery cells and bus components to be accommodated.
- the electrical cavity may be square with six walls. Since the battery cells in the electrical cavity are electrically connected to form a higher voltage output, the electrical cavity can also be called a "high voltage cavity".
- the bus components are used to realize electrical connection between a plurality of battery cells, such as parallel connection or series connection or hybrid connection.
- the bus part can realize electrical connection between the battery cells by connecting the electrode terminals of the battery cells.
- the bus members may be fixed to the electrode terminals of the battery cells by welding.
- the electrical connection formed by the bus component may also be referred to as a "high voltage connection”.
- the collection chamber is used to collect emissions and can be sealed or unsealed.
- the collection chamber may contain air, or other gases.
- the collection chamber may also contain liquid, such as a cooling medium, or a component for accommodating the liquid may be provided to further reduce the temperature of the effluent entering the collection chamber.
- the gas or liquid in the collection chamber is circulated.
- the technical solutions described in the embodiments of this application are applicable to various devices using batteries, such as mobile phones, portable devices, notebook computers, battery cars, electric toys, electric tools, electric vehicles, ships, and spacecraft.
- the spacecraft includes Planes, rockets, space shuttles and spaceships, etc.
- the vehicle 1 may be a fuel vehicle, a gas vehicle or a new energy vehicle, and the new energy vehicle may be a pure electric vehicle, a hybrid vehicle or Extended range cars, etc.
- the interior of the vehicle 1 may be provided with a motor 40 , a controller 30 and a battery 10 , and the controller 30 is used to control the battery 10 to supply power to the motor 40 .
- the battery 10 may be provided at the bottom of the vehicle 1 or at the front or rear of the vehicle.
- the battery 10 can be used for power supply of the vehicle 1 , for example, the battery 10 can be used as the operating power source of the vehicle 1 , for the circuit system of the vehicle 1 , for example, for the starting, navigation and operation power requirements of the vehicle 1 .
- the battery 10 can not only be used as the operating power source of the vehicle 1 , but also can be used as the driving power source of the vehicle 1 to provide driving power for the vehicle 1 in place of or partially in place of fuel or natural gas.
- the battery may include multiple battery cells, wherein the multiple battery cells may be connected in series or in parallel or in a mixed connection, and a mixed connection refers to a mixture of series and parallel connections.
- a battery can also be called a battery pack.
- a plurality of battery cells can be connected in series or in parallel or mixed to form a battery module, and then a plurality of battery modules can be connected in series or in parallel or mixed to form a battery. That is to say, a plurality of battery cells can directly form a battery, or a battery module can be formed first, and then the battery module can be formed into a battery.
- the battery 10 may include a plurality of battery cells 20 .
- the battery 10 may also include a box body (or a cover body), the inside of the box body is a hollow structure, and a plurality of battery cells 10 are accommodated in the box body.
- the box body may include two parts, which are referred to as the first part 111 and the second part 112 respectively, and the first part 111 and the second part 112 are fastened together.
- the shapes of the first part 111 and the second part 112 may be determined according to the combined shape of the plurality of battery cells 20 , and each of the first part 111 and the second part 112 may have an opening.
- both the first part 111 and the second part 112 may be hollow rectangular parallelepipeds and each has only one open surface, the opening of the first part 111 and the opening of the second part 112 are disposed opposite to each other, and the first part 111 and the second part 112 are interlocked with each other Combined to form a box with a closed chamber.
- the plurality of battery cells 20 are connected in parallel or in series or in a mixed connection and then placed in the box formed by the first part 111 and the second part 112 being fastened together.
- the battery 10 may also include other structures, which will not be repeated here.
- the battery 10 may further include a bussing component for realizing electrical connection between the plurality of battery cells 20, such as parallel or series or hybrid.
- the bus member may realize electrical connection between the battery cells 20 by connecting the electrode terminals of the battery cells 20 .
- the bus members may be fixed to the electrode terminals of the battery cells 20 by welding. The electrical energy of the plurality of battery cells 20 can be further drawn out through the case through the conductive mechanism.
- the conducting means may also belong to the bussing member.
- the number of battery cells 20 can be set to any value.
- a plurality of battery cells 20 can be connected in series, in parallel or in a mixed manner to achieve larger capacity or power. Since the number of battery cells 20 included in each battery 10 may be large, in order to facilitate installation, the battery cells 20 may be arranged in groups, and each group of battery cells 20 constitutes a battery module.
- the number of battery cells 20 included in the battery module is not limited, and can be set according to requirements.
- FIG. 3 is an example of a battery module.
- the battery can include a plurality of battery modules, and these battery modules can be connected in series, parallel or mixed. As shown in FIG.
- the battery cell 20 includes one or more electrode assemblies 22 , a casing 211 and a cover plate 212 .
- the coordinate system shown in FIG. 4 is the same as that in FIG. 3 .
- the casing 211 and the cover plate 212 form an outer casing or battery case 21 . Both the wall of the case 211 and the cover plate 212 are referred to as the wall of the battery cell 20 .
- the casing 211 is determined according to the combined shape of one or more electrode assemblies 22.
- the casing 211 can be a hollow cuboid, a cube or a cylinder, and one surface of the casing 211 has an opening for one or more electrodes.
- Assembly 22 may be placed within housing 211 .
- the casing 211 is a hollow cuboid or cube
- one of the planes of the casing 211 is an opening surface, that is, the plane does not have a wall so that the casing 211 communicates with the inside and the outside.
- the casing 211 can be a hollow cylinder
- the end face of the casing 211 is an open face, that is, the end face does not have a wall so that the casing 211 communicates with the inside and the outside.
- the cover plate 212 covers the opening and is connected with the case 211 to form a closed cavity in which the electrode assembly 22 is placed.
- the casing 211 is filled with electrolyte, such as electrolyte.
- the battery cell 20 may further include two electrode terminals 214 , and the two electrode terminals 214 may be disposed on the cover plate 212 .
- the cover plate 212 is generally in the shape of a flat plate, and two electrode terminals 214 are fixed on the flat surface of the cover plate 212 , and the two electrode terminals 214 are a positive electrode terminal 214a and a negative electrode terminal 214b respectively.
- Each electrode terminal 214 is correspondingly provided with a connecting member 23 , or a current collecting member 23 , which is located between the cover plate 212 and the electrode assembly 22 for electrically connecting the electrode assembly 22 and the electrode terminal 214 .
- each electrode assembly 22 has a first tab 221a and a second tab 222a.
- the polarities of the first tab 221a and the second tab 222a are opposite.
- the first tab 221a is a positive tab
- the second tab 222a is a negative tab.
- the first tabs 221a of one or more electrode assemblies 22 are connected to one electrode terminal through one connecting member 23
- the second tabs 212a of one or more electrode assemblies 22 are connected to another electrode terminal through another connecting member 23 .
- the positive electrode terminal 214 a is connected to the positive electrode tab through one connection member 23
- the negative electrode terminal 214 b is connected to the negative electrode tab through the other connection member 23 .
- the electrode assembly 22 may be set in a single or multiple number. As shown in FIG. 4 , four independent electrode assemblies 22 are provided in the battery cell 20 .
- FIG. 5 it is a schematic structural diagram of a battery cell 20 including a pressure relief mechanism 213 according to another embodiment of the present application.
- the casing 211 , the cover plate 212 , the electrode assembly 22 and the connecting member 23 in FIG. 5 are the same as the casing 211 , the cover plate 212 , the electrode assembly 22 and the connecting member 23 in FIG. 4 , and are not repeated here for brevity. .
- a pressure relief mechanism 213 may also be provided on one wall of the battery cell 20, such as the first wall 21a as shown in FIG. 5 .
- the first wall 21a is separated from the housing 211 in FIG. 5 , but this does not limit the bottom side of the housing 211 to have an opening.
- the pressure relief mechanism 213 is used to actuate when the internal pressure or temperature of the battery cell 20 reaches a threshold value to relieve the internal pressure or temperature.
- the pressure relief mechanism 213 can be a part of the first wall 21a, or can be a separate structure from the first wall 21a, and is fixed on the first wall 21a by, for example, welding.
- the pressure relief mechanism 213 can be formed by providing a notch on the first wall 21a, and the thickness of the first wall 21a corresponding to the notch is smaller than the pressure relief mechanism The thickness of the other regions of the mechanism 213 excluding the score.
- the notch is the weakest position of the pressure relief mechanism 213 .
- the pressure relief mechanism 213 can The rupture occurs at the notch, causing the casing 211 to communicate with the inside and outside, and the gas pressure and temperature are released outward through the cracking of the pressure relief mechanism 213 , thereby preventing the battery cell 20 from exploding.
- the second wall of the battery cell 20 is provided with electrode terminals 214, the second wall is different from the first wall 21a.
- the second wall is disposed opposite to the first wall 21a.
- the first wall 21 a may be the bottom wall of the battery cell 20
- the second wall may be the top wall of the battery cell 20 , that is, the cover plate 212 .
- the battery cell 20 may further include a backing plate 24 , the backing plate 24 is located between the electrode assembly 22 and the bottom wall of the casing 211 , and can support the electrode assembly 22 , it can also effectively prevent the electrode assembly 22 from interfering with the rounded corners around the bottom wall of the casing 211 .
- the backing plate 24 may be provided with one or more through holes, for example, a plurality of uniformly arranged through holes may be provided, or, when the pressure relief mechanism 213 is disposed on the bottom wall of the housing 211, corresponding to the A through hole is provided at the position of the pressure relief mechanism 213 to facilitate liquid and gas conduction. Specifically, this can make the space between the upper and lower surfaces of the backing plate 24 communicate with each other, and the gas and electrolyte generated inside the battery cell 20 can freely pass through. Backing plate 24.
- Disposing the pressure relief mechanism 213 and the electrode terminal 214 on different walls of the battery cell 20 can make the discharge of the battery cell 20 farther away from the electrode terminal 214 when the pressure relief mechanism 213 is actuated, thereby reducing the amount of discharge to the electrode
- the influence of the terminals 214 and the bus components can therefore enhance the safety of the battery.
- the pressure relief mechanism 213 is arranged on the bottom wall of the battery cell 20, so that when the pressure relief mechanism 213 is actuated, the The discharge is discharged to the bottom of the battery 10 .
- the thermal management components at the bottom of the battery 10 can be used to reduce the risk of emissions; on the other hand, the bottom of the battery 10 is usually far away from the user, thereby reducing the harm to the user.
- the pressure relief mechanism 213 may be various possible pressure relief structures, which are not limited in this embodiment of the present application.
- the pressure relief mechanism 213 may be a temperature-sensitive pressure relief mechanism configured to be able to melt when the internal temperature of the battery cell 20 provided with the pressure relief mechanism 213 reaches a threshold; and/or the pressure relief mechanism 213 may be a pressure-sensitive pressure relief mechanism, and the pressure-sensitive pressure relief mechanism is configured to be able to rupture when the internal air pressure of the battery cell 20 provided with the pressure relief mechanism 213 reaches a threshold value.
- FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a case 11 of a battery according to an embodiment of the present application.
- the case 11 may include an electrical chamber 11a, a collection chamber 11b, and a thermal management component 13.
- the thermal management part 13 is used to isolate the electrical chamber 11a and the collection chamber 11b.
- isolation here refers to separation, which may not be hermetically sealed.
- the electrical cavity 11 a is used to accommodate the plurality of battery cells 20 and the bus member 12 .
- the electrical cavity 11a provides a accommodating space for the battery cells 20 and the bus parts 12 , and the shape of the electrical cavity 11a may be determined according to the plurality of battery cells 20 and the bus parts 12 .
- the bus member 12 is used to realize electrical connection of the plurality of battery cells 20 .
- the bus component 12 can realize electrical connection between the battery cells 20 by connecting the electrode terminals 214 of the battery cells 20 .
- At least one battery cell 20 of the plurality of battery cells 20 may include a pressure relief mechanism 213 for actuating when the internal pressure or temperature of the battery cell 20 provided with the pressure relief mechanism 213 reaches a threshold value to Relieve internal pressure or temperature.
- the battery cell 20 involved in the related description of the pressure relief mechanism 213 below refers to the battery cell 20 provided with the pressure relief mechanism 213 .
- the battery cell 20 may be the battery cell 20 in FIG. 5 .
- the thermal management part 13 is used to contain the fluid to regulate the temperature of the plurality of battery cells 20 .
- the thermal management part 13 can accommodate a cooling medium to adjust the temperature of the plurality of battery cells 20.
- the thermal management part 13 can also be referred to as a cooling part, a cooling system or a cooling plate Wait.
- the thermal management component 13 may also be used for heating, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present application.
- the fluid can be circulated to achieve better temperature regulation.
- the collection chamber 11b is used to collect the discharge from the battery cells 20 provided with the pressure relief mechanism 213 when the pressure relief mechanism 213 is actuated.
- the thermal management component 13 is used to isolate the electrical cavity 11a and the collection cavity 11b. That is, the electrical chamber 11a accommodating the plurality of battery cells 20 and the bus part 12 is separated from the collection chamber 11b where the exhaust is collected. In this way, when the pressure relief mechanism 213 is actuated, the discharge of the battery cells 20 enters the collection cavity 11b, but does not enter or enter into the electrical cavity 11a in a small amount, so as not to affect the electrical connection in the electrical cavity 11a, so that the battery can be strengthened security.
- the thermal management component 13 has a wall common to the electrical cavity 11a and the collection cavity 11b.
- the thermal management component 13 may be a wall of the electrical chamber 11a and a wall of the collection chamber 11b at the same time. That is, the thermal management part 13 (or a part thereof) can directly serve as the wall shared by the electrical cavity 11a and the collection cavity 11b, so that the discharge of the battery cells 20 can enter the collection cavity 11b through the thermal management part 13, and at the same time, due to The existence of the thermal management component 13 can isolate the discharge from the electrical cavity 11a as much as possible, thereby reducing the risk of the discharge and enhancing the safety of the battery.
- the electrical cavity 11a may be formed by a cover body having an opening and the thermal management part 13 .
- the box body 11 further includes a cover body 110 having an opening (a lower side opening in FIG. 7 ).
- the cover body 110 with the opening is a semi-closed chamber with an opening communicating with the outside, and the thermal management component 13 covers the opening to form a chamber, that is, an electrical chamber 11a.
- the cover body 110 may be composed of multiple parts.
- the cover body 110 may include a first part 111 and a second part 112 . Both sides of the second part 112 have openings respectively, the first part 111 covers one side opening of the second part 112 , and the thermal management component 13 covers the other side opening of the second part 112 , thereby forming the electrical cavity 11 a .
- FIG. 8 can be improved on the basis of FIG. 2 .
- the bottom wall of the second part 112 in FIG. 2 can be replaced with the thermal management part 13, and the thermal management part 13 can be used as a wall of the electrical cavity 11a, thereby forming the electrical cavity 11a in FIG. 8 .
- the bottom wall of the second part 112 in FIG. 2 can be removed, that is, a ring wall with openings on both sides is formed.
- the chamber namely the electrical chamber 11a.
- the collection chamber 11b may be formed by the thermal management part 13 and the protective member.
- the case 11 further includes a protective member 115 .
- the shielding member 115 is used to shield the thermal management part 13 , and the shielding member 115 and the thermal management part 13 form a collection cavity 11 b.
- the collection cavity 11b formed by the protective member 115 and the thermal management component 13 does not occupy the space for accommodating the battery cells 20, so a larger space for the collection cavity 11b can be provided, so as to effectively collect and buffer the exhaust and reduce its risk .
- a fluid such as a cooling medium
- a component for accommodating the fluid may be arranged to further reduce the temperature of the exhaust entering the collection chamber 11b.
- the collection chamber 11b may be a sealed chamber.
- the junction of the shielding member 115 and the thermal management component 13 may be sealed by a sealing member.
- the collection chamber 11b may not be a sealed chamber.
- the collection chamber 11b may be in communication with the air, so that a part of the discharge can be further discharged to the outside of the tank 11 .
- the thermal management component 13 covers the opening of the cover body 110 to form the electrical cavity 11a, and the thermal management component 13 and the protective member 115 form the collection cavity 11b.
- the thermal management component 13 can also directly divide the closed enclosure into the electrical cavity 11a and the collection cavity 11b.
- the box body 11 further includes a closed cover body 110 .
- the thermal management component 13 is disposed inside the cover body 110, and isolates the inside of the cover body 110 into an electrical cavity 11a and a collection cavity 11b. That is, the closed enclosure 110 forms a chamber inside, and the thermal management component 13 isolates the chamber inside the enclosure 110 into two chambers, ie, the electrical chamber 11a and the collection chamber 11b.
- the thermal management component 13 may be disposed near a certain wall of the cover body 110 to isolate the relatively large space of the electrical cavity 11a from the relatively large electrical cavity 11a. Collection chamber 11b with smaller space.
- the cover body 110 may include a first part 111 and a second part 112 .
- One side of the second portion 112 has an opening to form a semi-closed structure.
- a semi-closed structure is a chamber with an opening.
- the thermal management component 13 is disposed inside the second part 112 , and the first part 111 covers the opening of the second part 112 .
- the thermal management component 13 can be disposed in the semi-enclosed second part 112 first to isolate the collection cavity 11b, and then the first part 111 can be covered with the opening of the second part 112 to form the electrical cavity 11a.
- the electrical cavity 11a is isolated from the collection cavity 11b by the thermal management component 13 . That is, the collection cavity 11b is not communicated with the electrical cavity 11a, and the liquid or gas in the collection cavity 11b cannot enter the electrical cavity 11a, so that the electrical cavity 11a can be better protected.
- the pressure relief mechanism 213 When the pressure relief mechanism 213 is actuated, the pressure relief mechanism 213 opens to discharge the exhaust within the battery cells 20 . Emissions can damage the thermal management component 13, thereby passing through the thermal management component 13 and into the collection chamber 11b.
- the thermal management component 13 in order to facilitate the passage of the exhaust through the thermal management component 13 , the thermal management component 13 is provided with a weak area 135 , and the weak area 135 is configured to be close to the pressure relief mechanism 213 . It can be broken during operation so that the exhaust from the battery cells 20 provided with the pressure relief mechanism 213 passes through the weak area 135 and enters the collection cavity 11b.
- the area of weakness 135 may be positioned opposite the pressure relief mechanism 213 . In this way, when the pressure relief mechanism 213 is actuated, the discharge can directly impact the weak area 135 to open the weak area 135 .
- the weak area 135 may adopt various settings that facilitate the destruction of emissions, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application, and is described below with an example.
- the thermal management component 13 is provided with a groove 134 opposite to the pressure relief mechanism 213 , and a weak area 135 is formed on the bottom wall of the groove 134 . Since the bottom wall of the groove 134 is weaker than other areas of the thermal management component 13 and is easily damaged by the discharge, when the pressure relief mechanism 213 is actuated, the discharge can break the bottom wall of the groove 134 and enter the collection chamber 11b.
- the pressure relief mechanism 213 is provided on the first wall 21 a of the battery cell 20 provided with the pressure relief mechanism 213 , the first wall 21 a is attached to the thermal management component 13 , and the groove 134 is provided on the surface of the thermal management component 13 . the surface of the first wall 21a. That is, the opening of the groove 134 faces the first wall 21a.
- the opening of the groove 134 may also face away from the first wall 21a. In this case, the bottom wall of the groove 134 is also easily damaged by the discharge.
- the thermal management member 13 may form a flow path of the fluid from a thermally conductive material.
- the fluid flows in the flow channel and conducts heat through the thermally conductive material to cool the battery cells 20 .
- the areas of weakness 135 may have only thermally conductive material and no fluid to form a thinner layer of thermally conductive material that is easily damaged by emissions.
- the bottom wall of the groove 134 may be a thin layer of thermally conductive material to form the weakened region 135 .
- the thermal management component 13 may include a first thermally conductive plate 131 and a second thermally conductive plate 132 .
- the first heat-conducting plate 131 and the second heat-conducting plate 132 form a flow channel 133 for accommodating fluid.
- the first thermally conductive plate 131 is located between the first wall 21a and the second thermally conductive plate 132 and is attached to the first wall 21a.
- the first region 131 a of the first thermally conductive plate 131 is recessed to the second thermally conductive plate 132 to form a groove 134 , and the first region 131 a is connected to the second thermally conductive plate 132 .
- the flow channel 133 is formed around the groove 134, and there is no flow channel in the bottom wall of the groove 134, thereby forming a weak area.
- the first heat conduction plate 131 or the second heat conduction plate 132 at the bottom wall of the groove 134 may also be removed to form a thinner weak area.
- the first region 131a is provided with a first through hole 136, and the radial dimension of the first through hole 136 is smaller than the radial dimension of the groove 134, that is, the groove is removed.
- the first heat-conducting plate 131 at the bottom wall of the groove 134 is maintained, and the connection between the first heat-conducting plate 131 and the second heat-conducting plate 132 at the bottom edge of the groove 134 is maintained to form the flow channel 133 around the groove 134 .
- the second heat-conducting plate 132 corresponding to the first through holes 136 may also be thinned, that is, the thickness of the second heat-conducting plate 132 corresponding to the first through holes 136 is smaller than the thickness of the second heat-conducting plate 132 in other regions.
- the thickness of the two heat-conducting plates 132 so that the weak area is more easily damaged by the discharge.
- weak grooves may also be provided on the second heat conducting plate 132 corresponding to the first through holes 136 .
- FIGS. 15a-15c show schematic diagrams of the thermal management component 13 .
- the first heat-conducting plate 131 is recessed to form a groove 134
- the second heat-conducting plate 132 has no flow channel in the area corresponding to the groove 134 and is provided with a weak groove 132a.
- a weak area is formed on the bottom wall of the groove 134 .
- blind holes or stepped holes may be provided in the first region 131a of the first heat conducting plate 131; and/or, the second heat conducting plate 131 may be provided with blind holes or stepped holes; Blind holes and the like are provided on the board 132 .
- the thickness of the weak region 135 is less than or equal to 3 mm.
- the thickness of the weakened region 135 may be 1 mm or less.
- the weakened area 135 of a low melting point material may also be used to facilitate melting by the discharge. That is, the region of weakness 135 may have a lower melting point than the remainder of the thermal management component 13 .
- the material used for the weak zone 135 has a melting point below 400°C.
- the weak region 135 may be provided with a low melting point material and a smaller thickness at the same time, that is, the above two embodiments may be implemented independently or in combination.
- the exhaust can pass through the weak area 135 and enter the collection chamber 11b, so as to prevent the exhaust from entering the electrical chamber 11a;
- the isolation between the electrical chamber 11a and the collection chamber 11b is ensured when the pressure relief mechanism 213 is not actuated, so as to prevent substances in the collection chamber 11b from entering the electrical chamber 11a.
- the thermal management component 13 is configured to be destroyed when the pressure relief mechanism 213 is actuated, so that the fluid is discharged from the interior of the thermal management component 13; wherein, the collection chamber 11b also uses Used to collect emissions from thermal management components 13 .
- the thermal management component 13 is destroyed, and the fluid is discharged from the interior of the thermal management component 13, which can absorb the heat of the battery cells 20, reduce the temperature of the exhaust, and then reduce the exhaust. of danger.
- the fluid enters the collection chamber 11b together with the fluid cooled discharge. Due to the cooling of the fluid, the temperature of the discharge from the battery cells 20 can be quickly lowered, so the risk of the discharge entering the collection chamber 11b has been greatly reduced, and it will not affect other parts of the battery, such as other battery cells 20, This can cause a greater impact, so that the damage caused by the abnormality of a single battery cell 20 can be suppressed at the first time, and the possibility of battery explosion can be reduced.
- the portion of the thermal management component 13 around the weak area 135 can be damaged by emissions from the battery cells 20 provided with the pressure relief mechanism 213 to allow fluid to escape from the thermal management component 13 . internal discharge.
- the discharge of the battery cell 20 first destroys (breaks or melts) the weak area 135, passes through the weak area 135 and enters the collection cavity 11b; in addition, the discharge will also destroy The portion around the weak zone 135, eg, the hot exhaust will melt the surrounding thermal management component 13, allowing the fluid to drain from the interior of the thermal management component 13, thereby cooling the hot exhaust. Since the temperature of the exhaust is high, whether the fluid is used to heat or cool the battery cells 20, the temperature of the fluid is lower than the temperature of the exhaust, so the exhaust can be cooled.
- the side surface of the groove 134 can be damaged by the discharge from the battery cell 20 provided with the pressure relief mechanism 213, so that the The fluid is discharged from the interior of the thermal management member 13 .
- the discharge of the battery cells 20 rushes into the groove 134. Since the bottom wall of the groove 134 is relatively weak, the discharge will destroy the bottom wall of the groove 134 and enter Collecting cavity 11b; in addition, the discharges flushed into the grooves 134 will also melt the sides of the grooves 134, so that the fluid is discharged from the interior of the thermal management component 13, thereby cooling the high-heat discharges.
- the radial dimension of groove 134 tapers away from pressure relief mechanism 213 . That is to say, the side surface of the groove 134 is an inclined surface, which can increase the contact area with the discharge, and is more convenient to be damaged by the discharge.
- the inclination angle of the side surface of the groove 134 may range from 15 to 85 degrees.
- the pressure relief mechanism 213 When the pressure relief mechanism 213 is actuated, it will deform so that the inside and outside of the battery cells 20 communicate with each other. For example, for the pressure relief mechanism 213 using a score, when the pressure relief mechanism 213 is actuated, it ruptures at the score and opens to both sides. Accordingly, the pressure relief mechanism 213 needs a certain deformation space.
- the groove 134 is configured as an escape cavity that can be opened when the pressure relief mechanism 213 is actuated. The escape cavity provides a deformation space for the pressure relief mechanism 213 , so that the pressure relief mechanism 213 is deformed and ruptured toward the thermal management component 13 .
- the setting of the groove 134 should satisfy the condition that the pressure relief mechanism 213 can be opened when the pressure relief mechanism 213 is actuated.
- the depth of the groove 134 is related to the size of the pressure relief mechanism 213 .
- the depth of the groove 134 is greater than 1 mm.
- the depth of the groove 134 may be 3 mm or more, so as to facilitate the opening of the pressure relief mechanism 213 .
- the area of the opening of the groove 134 is also related to the area of the pressure relief mechanism 213 .
- the ratio of the area of the opening of the groove 134 to the area of the pressure relief mechanism 213 should be greater than a certain value.
- the ratio of the area of the opening of the groove 134 to the area of the pressure relief mechanism 213 should also be smaller than a certain value.
- the value range of the ratio of the area of the opening of the groove 134 to the area of the pressure relief mechanism 213 may be 0.5-2.
- the pressure relief mechanism 213 When the pressure relief mechanism 213 is arranged on the first wall 21a of the battery cell 20, at least part of the pressure relief mechanism 213 can be made to protrude outward from the first wall 21a, which can facilitate the installation of the pressure relief mechanism 213 and ensure the battery cell The space inside the body 20.
- the escape cavity can be used to accommodate at least part of the pressure relief mechanism 213.
- the first wall 21a of the battery cell 20 can closely fit the surface of the thermal management component 13, which not only facilitates the fixing of the battery cell 20, but also saves space and improves the thermal management efficiency;
- the discharge of the battery cells 20 can be discharged toward the avoidance cavity and away from the battery cells 20 , reducing the risk thereof, thereby enhancing the safety of the battery.
- a portion of the first wall 21a around the pressure relief mechanism 213 is convex, and the avoidance cavity is used to accommodate the convex portion of the first wall 21a around the pressure relief mechanism 213 .
- the avoidance cavity can ensure that the first wall 21a of the battery cell 20 can closely fit the surface of the thermal management component 13, which is convenient for fixing the battery
- the single unit 20 can save space and improve thermal management efficiency.
- the weak area 135 is provided so that the discharge from the battery cells 20 passes through the weak area 135 and enters the collection cavity 11b when the pressure relief mechanism 213 is actuated.
- the weak area it is also possible to allow the discharge to enter the collection chamber 11b by providing through holes.
- the thermal management component 13 is provided with a second through hole 137 , and the second through hole 137 is configured to be self-discharged when the pressure relief mechanism 213 is actuated.
- the discharge of the battery cells 20 of the pressing mechanism 213 can enter the collection cavity 11b through the second through hole 137 .
- the second through hole 137 may be disposed opposite to the pressure relief mechanism 213 . In this way, when the pressure relief mechanism 213 is actuated, the exhaust can directly enter the collection chamber 11b through the second through hole 137 .
- the portion of the thermal management component 13 around the second through hole 137 can be released from the battery cell 20 provided with the pressure relief mechanism 213 .
- the exhaust is broken to allow fluid to drain from the interior of the thermal management component 13 .
- the discharge of the battery cells 20 enters the collection cavity 11b through the second through hole 137; in addition, the discharge will damage the part around the second through hole 137, for example, The hot exhaust will melt the surrounding thermal management components 13, so that the fluid is discharged from the interior of the thermal management component 13, thereby cooling the hot exhaust.
- the hole wall of the second through hole 137 can be damaged by the discharge from the battery cell 20 provided with the pressure relief mechanism 213 , so that the fluid is discharged from the interior of the thermal management component 13 .
- the discharge of the battery cells 20 rushes into the second through hole 137 . Since the discharge is high-pressure and high-heat discharge, the discharge will melt the second through hole 137 when passing through the second through hole 137 .
- the hole walls of the holes 137 allow fluid to drain from the interior of the thermal management component 13, thereby cooling the emissions.
- the radial dimension of the second through hole 137 gradually decreases in the direction away from the pressure relief mechanism 213 . That is to say, the hole wall of the second through hole 137 is an inclined surface, which can increase the contact area with the discharge, and is more convenient to be damaged by the discharge.
- the setting of the second through hole 137 also meets the condition that the pressure relief mechanism 213 can be opened when actuated.
- the area of the opening of the second through hole 137 is related to the area of the pressure relief mechanism 213 .
- the ratio of the area of the opening of the second through hole 137 to the area of the pressure relief mechanism 213 is greater than a certain value.
- the ratio of the area of the opening of the second through hole 137 to the area of the pressure relief mechanism 213 should also be smaller than a certain value.
- the value range of the ratio of the area of the opening of the second through hole 137 to the area of the pressure relief mechanism 213 is 0.5-2.
- the pressure relief mechanism 213 is disposed on the first wall 21a of the battery cell 20, the first wall 21a is attached to the thermal management component 13, and at least a part of the pressure relief mechanism 213 protrudes outward from the battery cell 20.
- the first wall 21a and the second through hole 137 are used to accommodate at least part of the pressure relief mechanism 213 .
- the first wall 21a of the battery cell 20 can closely fit the surface of the thermal management component 13, which not only facilitates the fixing of the battery cell 20, but also saves space and improves the thermal management efficiency;
- the discharge of the battery cells 20 can be discharged toward the second through holes 137 and away from the battery cells 20 , reducing the risk thereof, thereby enhancing the safety of the battery.
- a portion of the first wall 21a around the pressure relief mechanism 213 is convex, and the second through hole 137 is used to accommodate the convex portion of the first wall 21a around the pressure relief mechanism 213 .
- the second through hole 137 can ensure that the first wall 21a of the battery cell 20 can closely fit the surface of the thermal management component 13, which is convenient for fixing the battery Single 20, but also save space.
- the pressure relief mechanism 213 can also be provided so that the thermal management member 13 can be destroyed in the pressure relief mechanism 213 A structure that can be destroyed when actuated.
- the pressure relief mechanism 213 is provided with a breaking device, and the breaking device is used to break the thermal management component 13 when the pressure relief mechanism 213 is actuated, so that the fluid can escape from the interior of the thermal management component 13 . discharge.
- the destroying device may be a spike, but this is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.
- FIG. 18 is a schematic diagram of a battery 10 according to an embodiment of the present application.
- the battery 10 may include a case 11 , a plurality of battery cells 20 and a bus member 12 .
- At least one battery cell 20 of the plurality of battery cells 20 includes a pressure relief mechanism 213 for actuating to release the pressure when the internal pressure or temperature of the battery cell 20 provided with the pressure relief mechanism 213 reaches a threshold value. Put the internal pressure or temperature.
- the bus member 12 is used to realize electrical connection of the plurality of battery cells 20 .
- the box body 11 is the box body 11 described in the foregoing embodiments, and the electrical cavity 11a of the box body 11 is used to accommodate a plurality of battery cells 20 and the bus components 12 , wherein the collection cavity 11b of the box body 11 is caused by the pressure relief mechanism 213 .
- the discharge from the battery cells 20 provided with the pressure relief mechanism 213 is collected during operation.
- FIG. 19 is an exploded view of the battery 10 according to one embodiment of the present application.
- the thermal management component 13 is provided with a groove 134 and forms a collection cavity with the guard member 115 .
- An embodiment of the present application further provides an electrical device, and the electrical device may include the battery 10 in the foregoing embodiments.
- the electrical device may be a vehicle 1, a ship or a spacecraft.
- FIG. 20 shows a schematic flowchart of a method 300 for preparing a battery according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 20, the method 300 may include:
- At least one battery cell 20 in the plurality of battery cells 20 includes a pressure relief mechanism 213, and the pressure relief mechanism 213 is used in the interior of the battery cell 20 provided with the pressure relief mechanism 213 Actuation to relieve internal pressure or temperature when pressure or temperature reaches a threshold;
- bus component 12 is used to realize the electrical connection of the plurality of battery cells 20;
- the box body 11 includes: an electrical cavity 11a; a thermal management part 13 for accommodating fluid; a collection cavity 11b; wherein, the thermal management part 13 isolates the electrical cavity 11a and the collection cavity 11b;
- the collection cavity 11 b collects the discharge from the battery cells 20 provided with the pressure relief mechanism 213 when the pressure relief mechanism 213 is actuated.
- FIG. 21 shows a schematic block diagram of an apparatus 400 for preparing a battery according to an embodiment of the present application.
- the apparatus 400 for preparing a battery may include: a provision module 410 and an installation module 420 .
- a module 410 is provided for: providing a plurality of battery cells 20, at least one battery cell 20 of the plurality of battery cells 20 includes a pressure relief mechanism 213, and the pressure relief mechanism 213 is used in the battery provided with the pressure relief mechanism 213 Actuation to release the internal pressure or temperature when the internal pressure or temperature of the cells 20 reaches a threshold value; a bussing part 12 is provided, which is used to realize the electrical connection of the plurality of battery cells 20; a case 11 is provided, the case 11 Including: an electrical cavity 11a; a thermal management part 13 for containing fluid; a collection cavity 11b; wherein, the thermal management part 13 isolates the electrical cavity 11a and the collection cavity 11b;
- the installation module 420 is used for accommodating the plurality of battery cells 20 and the bus components 12 in the electrical cavity 11a, wherein the collection cavity 11b collects the battery cells 20 provided with the pressure relief mechanism 213 when the pressure relief mechanism 213 is actuated. Emissions.
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Abstract
Description
Claims (50)
- 一种电池的箱体(11),其特征在于,包括:电气腔(11a),用于容纳多个电池单体(20)和汇流部件(12),所述汇流部件(12)用于实现所述多个电池单体(20)的电连接,其中,所述多个电池单体(20)中的至少一个电池单体(20)包括泄压机构(213),所述泄压机构(213)用于在设有所述泄压机构(213)的电池单体(20)的内部压力或温度达到阈值时致动以泄放所述内部压力;热管理部件(13),用于容纳流体以给所述多个电池单体(20)调节温度;以及,收集腔(11b),用于在所述泄压机构(213)致动时收集来自所述设有所述泄压机构(213)的电池单体(20)的排放物;其中,所述热管理部件(13)用于隔离所述电气腔(11a)和所述收集腔(11b)。
- 根据权利要求1所述的箱体,其特征在于,所述热管理部件(13)被配置为在所述泄压机构(213)致动时能够被破坏,以使所述流体从所述热管理部件(13)的内部排出;其中,所述收集腔(11b)还用于收集所述热管理部件(13)的排放物。
- 根据权利要求1或2所述的箱体,其特征在于,所述热管理部件(13)具有为所述电气腔(11a)和所述收集腔(11b)共用的壁。
- 根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的箱体,其特征在于,所述箱体(11)还包括具有开口的罩体(110),所述热管理部件(13)盖合所述罩体(110)的开口,所述罩体(110)和所述热管理部件(13)形成所述电气腔(11a)。
- 根据权利要求4所述的箱体,其特征在于,所述罩体(110)包括第一部分(111)和相对的两侧分别具有开口的第二部分(112),所述第一部分(111)盖合所述第二部分(112)的一侧开口,所述热管理部件(13)盖合所述第二部分(112)的另一侧开口。
- 根据权利要求1至5中任一项所述的箱体,其特征在于,所述箱体(11)还包括:防护构件(115),所述防护构件(115)用于防护所述热管理部件(13),所述防护构件(115)与所述热管理部件(13)形成所述收集腔(11b)。
- 根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的箱体,其特征在于,所述箱体(11) 还包括封闭的罩体(110),所述热管理部件(13)设置于所述罩体(110)内部,并将所述罩体(110)内部隔离为所述电气腔(11a)和所述收集腔(11b)。
- 根据权利要求7所述的箱体,其特征在于,所述罩体(110)包括第一部分(111)和第二部分(112),所述第二部分(112)的一侧具有开口以形成半封闭结构,所述热管理部件(13)设置于所述第二部分(112)的内部,所述第一部分(111)盖合所述第二部分(112)的开口。
- 根据权利要求1至8中任一项所述的箱体,其特征在于,所述电气腔(11a)通过所述热管理部件(13)与所述收集腔(11b)隔绝。
- 根据权利要求1至9任一项所述的箱体,其特征在于,所述热管理部件(13)设置有薄弱区(135),所述薄弱区(135)被配置为在所述泄压机构(213)致动时能够被破坏,以使来自所述设有所述泄压机构(213)的电池单体(20)的排放物穿过所述薄弱区(135)而进入所述收集腔(11b)。
- 根据权利要求10所述的箱体,其特征在于,所述薄弱区(135)与所述泄压机构(213)相对设置。
- 根据权利要求10或11所述的箱体,其特征在于,所述热管理部件(13)设置有与所述泄压机构(213)相对设置的凹槽(134),所述凹槽(134)的底壁形成所述薄弱区(135)。
- 根据权利要求12中任一项所述的箱体,其特征在于,所述泄压机构(213)设置于所述设有所述泄压机构(213)的电池单体(20)的第一壁(21a),所述第一壁(21a)附接于所述热管理部件(13),所述凹槽(134)设置于所述热管理部件(13)的面向所述第一壁(21a)的表面。
- 根据权利要求13所述的箱体,其特征在于,所述热管理部件(13)包括第一导热板(131)和第二导热板(132),所述第一导热板(131)位于所述第一壁(21a)和所述第二导热板(132)之间且附接于所述第一壁(21a),所述第一导热板(131)的第一区域(131a)向所述第二导热板(132)凹陷以形成所述凹槽(134),所述第一区域(131a)连接到所述第二导热板(132)。
- 根据权利要求14所述的箱体,其特征在于,所述第一区域(131a)设置有第一通孔(136),所述第一通孔(136)的径向尺寸小于所述凹槽(134)的径向尺寸。
- 根据权利要15所述的箱体,其特征在于,与所述第一通孔(136)相对应的所述第二导热板(132)的厚度小于其他区域的所述第二导热板(132) 的厚度。
- 根据权利要求10至16中任一项所述的箱体,其特征在于,所述薄弱区(135)的厚度小于或等于3mm。
- 根据权利要求10至17中任一项所述的箱体,其特征在于,所述薄弱区(135)具有比所述热管理部件(13)的其余部分更低的熔点。
- 根据权利要18所述的箱体,其特征在于,所述薄弱区(135)采用的材料的熔点低于400℃。
- 根据权利要求10至19中任一项所述的箱体,其特征在于,所述热管理部件(13)在所述薄弱区(135)周围的部分能够被来自所述设有所述泄压机构(213)的电池单体(20)的排放物破坏,以使所述流体从所述热管理部件(13)的内部排出。
- 根据权利要求12至16中任一项所述的箱体,其特征在于,所述凹槽(134)的侧面能够被来自所述设有所述泄压机构(213)的电池单体(20)的排放物破坏,以使所述流体从所述热管理部件(13)的内部排出。
- 根据权利要求21所述的箱体,其特征在于,所述凹槽(134)的径向尺寸在沿远离所述泄压机构(213)的方向上逐渐变小。
- 根据权利要求13至22中任一项所述的箱体,其特征在于,所述凹槽(134)被配置为使所述泄压机构(213)致动时能够被打开的避让腔。
- 根据权利要求23所述的箱体,其特征在于,所述凹槽(134)的深度与所述泄压机构(213)的尺寸相关。
- 根据权利要求23或24所述的箱体,其特征在于,所述凹槽(134)的深度大于1mm。
- 根据权利要求23至25中任一项所述的箱体,其特征在于,所述凹槽(134)的开口的面积与所述泄压机构(213)的面积相关。
- 根据权利要求26所述的箱体,其特征在于,所述凹槽(134)的开口的面积与所述泄压机构(213)的面积的比值的取值范围为0.5-2。
- 根据权利要求23至27中任一项所述的箱体,其特征在于,所述泄压机构(213)的至少部分外凸于所述第一壁(21a),所述避让腔用于容纳所述泄压机构(213)的所述至少部分。
- 根据权利要求23至28中任一项所述的箱体,其特征在于,所述第一壁(21a)在所述泄压机构(213)周围的部分外凸,所述避让腔用于容纳所 述第一壁(21a)在所述泄压机构(213)周围的外凸部分。
- 根据权利要求1至8中任一项所述的箱体,其特征在于,所述热管理部件(13)设置有第二通孔(137),所述第二通孔(137)被配置为在所述泄压机构(213)致动时来自所述设有所述泄压机构(213)的电池单体(20)的排放物能够经过所述第二通孔(137)进入所述收集腔(11b)。
- 根据权利要求30所述的箱体,其特征在于,所述第二通孔(137)与所述泄压机构(213)相对设置。
- 根据权利要求30或31所述的箱体,其特征在于,所述热管理部件(13)在所述第二通孔(137)周围的部分能够被来自所述设有所述泄压机构(213)的电池单体(20)的排放物破坏,以使所述流体从所述热管理部件(13)的内部排出。
- 根据权利要求30至32中任一项所述的箱体,其特征在于,所述第二通孔(137)的孔壁能够被来自所述设有所述泄压机构(213)的电池单体(20)的排放物破坏,以使所述流体从所述热管理部件(13)的内部排出。
- 根据权利要求33所述的箱体,其特征在于,所述第二通孔(137)的径向尺寸沿远离所述泄压机构(213)的方向逐渐变小。
- 根据权利要求30至34中任一项所述的箱体,其特征在于,所述第二通孔(137)的开口的面积与所述泄压机构(213)的面积相关。
- 根据权利要求35所述的箱体,其特征在于,所述第二通孔(137)的开口的面积与所述泄压机构(213)的面积的比值的取值范围为0.5-2。
- 根据权利要求30至36中任一项所述的箱体,其特征在于,所述泄压机构(213)设置于所述设有所述泄压机构(213)的电池单体(20)的第一壁(21a),所述第一壁(21a)附接于所述热管理部件(13),所述泄压机构(213)的至少部分外凸于所述第一壁(21a),所述第二通孔(137)用于容纳所述泄压机构(213)的所述至少部分。
- 根据权利要求30至37中任一项所述的箱体,其特征在于,所述泄压机构(213)设置于所述设有所述泄压机构(213)的电池单体(20)的第一壁(21a),所述第一壁(21a)附接于所述热管理部件(13),所述第一壁(21a)在所述泄压机构(213)周围的部分外凸,所述第二通孔(137)用于容纳所述第一壁(21a)在所述泄压机构(213)周围的外凸部分。
- 根据权利要求1至38中任一项所述的箱体,其特征在于,所述泄压 机构(213)设置于所述设有所述泄压机构(213)的电池单体(20)的第一壁(21a),所述设有所述泄压机构(213)的电池单体(20)的第二壁设置有电极端子(214),所述第二壁不同于所述第一壁(21a)。
- 根据权利要求39所述的箱体,其特征在于,所述第二壁与所述第一壁(21a)相对设置。
- 根据权利要求1至40中任一项所述的箱体,其特征在于,所述泄压机构(213)为温敏泄压机构,所述温敏泄压机构被配置为在所述设有所述泄压机构(213)的电池单体(20)的内部温度达到阈值时能够熔化;和/或,所述泄压机构(213)为压敏泄压机构,所述压敏泄压机构被配置为在所述设有所述泄压机构(213)的电池单体(20)的内部气压达到阈值时能够破裂。
- 一种电池(10),其特征在于,包括:多个电池单体(20),所述多个电池单体(20)中的至少一个电池单体(20)包括泄压机构(213),所述泄压机构(213)用于在设有所述泄压机构(213)的电池单体(20)的内部压力或温度达到阈值时致动以泄放所述内部压力;汇流部件(12),用于实现所述多个电池单体(20)的电连接;以及根据权利要求1至41中任一项所述的箱体(11)。
- 一种用电装置,其特征在于,包括:根据权利要求42所述的电池(10)。
- 根据权利要求43所述的用电装置,其特征在于,所述用电装置为车辆(1)、船舶或航天器。
- 一种制备电池的方法(300),其特征在于,包括:提供(310)多个电池单体(20),所述多个电池单体(20)中的至少一个电池单体(20)包括泄压机构(213),所述泄压机构(213)用于在设有所述泄压机构(213)的电池单体(20)的内部压力或温度达到阈值时致动以泄放所述内部压力;提供(320)汇流部件(12),所述汇流部件(12)用于实现所述多个电池单体(20)的电连接;提供(330)箱体(11),所述箱体(11)包括:电气腔(11a);热管理部件(13),用于容纳流体;收集腔(11b);其中,所述热管理部件(13)隔离所述电气腔(11a)和所述收集腔(11b);将所述多个电池单体(20)和所述汇流部件(12)容纳(340)于所述电气腔(11a),其中,所述收集腔(11b)在所述泄压机构(213)致动时收集来自所述设有所述泄压机构(213)的电池单体(20)的排放物。
- 根据权利要求45所述的方法,其特征在于,所述热管理部件(13)在所述泄压机构(213)致动时能够被破坏,以使所述流体从所述热管理部件(13)的内部排出;所述收集腔(11b)还收集所述热管理部件(13)的排放物。
- 根据权利要求45或46所述的方法,其特征在于,所述热管理部件(13)具有为所述电气腔(11a)和所述收集腔(11b)共用的壁。
- 根据权利要求45至47中任一项所述的方法,其特征在于,所述箱体(11)还包括具有开口的罩体(110),所述热管理部件(13)盖合所述罩体(110)的开口,所述罩体(110)和所述热管理部件(13)形成所述电气腔(11a)。
- 根据权利要求45至48中任一项所述的方法,其特征在于,所述箱体(11)还包括:防护构件(115),所述防护构件(115)用于防护所述热管理部件(13),所述防护构件(115)与所述热管理部件(13)形成所述收集腔(11b)。
- 一种制备电池的装置(400),其特征在于,包括:提供模块(410),用于:提供多个电池单体(20),所述多个电池单体(20)中的至少一个电池单体(20)包括泄压机构(213),所述泄压机构(213)用于在设有所述泄压机构(213)的电池单体(20)的内部压力或温度达到阈值时致动以泄放所述内部压力;提供汇流部件(12),所述汇流部件(12)用于实现所述多个电池单体(20)的电连接;提供箱体(11),所述箱体(11)包括:电气腔(11a);热管理部件(13),用于容纳流体;收集腔(11b);其中,所述热管理部件(13)隔离所述电气腔(11a)和所述收 集腔(11b);安装模块(420),用于将所述多个电池单体(20)和所述汇流部件(12)容纳于所述电气腔(11a),其中,所述收集腔(11b)在所述泄压机构(213)致动时收集来自所述设有所述泄压机构(213)的电池单体(20)的排放物。
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