WO2021258943A1 - 换电平台、换电站以及换电方法 - Google Patents

换电平台、换电站以及换电方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021258943A1
WO2021258943A1 PCT/CN2021/095154 CN2021095154W WO2021258943A1 WO 2021258943 A1 WO2021258943 A1 WO 2021258943A1 CN 2021095154 W CN2021095154 W CN 2021095154W WO 2021258943 A1 WO2021258943 A1 WO 2021258943A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
opening
door body
closing
battery
vehicle
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2021/095154
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李永杰
张宁
曹佳
郑浪
杨潮
夏丽建
Original Assignee
蔚来汽车科技(安徽)有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 蔚来汽车科技(安徽)有限公司 filed Critical 蔚来汽车科技(安徽)有限公司
Priority to EP21829202.7A priority Critical patent/EP4173885A4/en
Priority to US18/003,194 priority patent/US20230242003A1/en
Publication of WO2021258943A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021258943A1/zh

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/80—Exchanging energy storage elements, e.g. removable batteries
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60S—SERVICING, CLEANING, REPAIRING, SUPPORTING, LIFTING, OR MANOEUVRING OF VEHICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60S5/00—Servicing, maintaining, repairing, or refitting of vehicles
    • B60S5/02—Supplying fuel to vehicles; General disposition of plant in filling stations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66F—HOISTING, LIFTING, HAULING OR PUSHING, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, e.g. DEVICES WHICH APPLY A LIFTING OR PUSHING FORCE DIRECTLY TO THE SURFACE OF A LOAD
    • B66F7/00—Lifting frames, e.g. for lifting vehicles; Platform lifts
    • B66F7/06—Lifting frames, e.g. for lifting vehicles; Platform lifts with platforms supported by levers for vertical movement
    • B66F7/0633—Mechanical arrangements not covered by the following subgroups
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05D—HINGES OR SUSPENSION DEVICES FOR DOORS, WINDOWS OR WINGS
    • E05D15/00—Suspension arrangements for wings
    • E05D15/06—Suspension arrangements for wings for wings sliding horizontally more or less in their own plane
    • E05D15/0621—Details, e.g. suspension or supporting guides
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/244—Secondary casings; Racks; Suspension devices; Carrying devices; Holders characterised by their mounting method
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/247—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders specially adapted for portable devices, e.g. mobile phones, computers, hand tools or pacemakers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/256—Carrying devices, e.g. belts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K1/04—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion
    • B60K2001/0455—Removal or replacement of the energy storages
    • B60K2001/0472—Removal or replacement of the energy storages from below
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
    • B60Y2200/00—Type of vehicle
    • B60Y2200/60—Industrial applications, e.g. pipe inspection vehicles
    • B60Y2200/62—Conveyors, floor conveyors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
    • B65G1/00—Storing articles, individually or in orderly arrangement, in warehouses or magazines
    • B65G1/02—Storage devices
    • B65G1/04—Storage devices mechanical
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05F—DEVICES FOR MOVING WINGS INTO OPEN OR CLOSED POSITION; CHECKS FOR WINGS; WING FITTINGS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, CONCERNED WITH THE FUNCTIONING OF THE WING
    • E05F15/00—Power-operated mechanisms for wings
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
    • E05Y2201/00—Constructional elements; Accessories therefor
    • E05Y2201/60—Suspension or transmission members; Accessories therefor
    • E05Y2201/622—Suspension or transmission members elements
    • E05Y2201/684—Rails; Tracks
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
    • E05Y2999/00—Subject-matter not otherwise provided for in this subclass
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
    • H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/12—Electric charging stations

Definitions

  • the embodiments of the present application relate to vehicle battery swapping technologies, and in particular, to a battery swapping platform, a battery swapping station, and a battery swapping method.
  • the swap station is an automated device that replaces the battery of an electric vehicle.
  • the existing battery swapping platform 1 is mainly composed of a parking platform 11, a vehicle lift 12, a wheel positioning mechanism 13, and a rail guided vehicle 14 (RGV).
  • a parking platform 11 a vehicle lift 12, a wheel positioning mechanism 13, and a rail guided vehicle 14 (RGV).
  • RSV rail guided vehicle 14
  • the parking platform 11 is used to park the vehicle
  • the wheel alignment mechanism 13 is used to provide the vehicle positioning at the designated position of the parking platform 11
  • the vehicle lift 12 is used to lift the vehicle parked on the parking platform 11 to a set height
  • the track guiding trolley 14 is used to realize the horizontal operation of the battery, the height lifting of the battery, and the disassembly and assembly operations of the battery.
  • the vehicle lift 12 must be substantially lifted for the vehicle.
  • the driver and passengers must leave the vehicle when the vehicle’s battery is exchanged, which not only increases the total time consumed for the vehicle’s battery exchange, but also leads to the owner’s experience in battery exchange. It is poor, and there is still a risk of falling when the vehicle is greatly elevated.
  • the battery is completely exposed in the visible range during the transmission process, which is likely to cause the risk of being rubbed by personnel and the battery being invaded by foreign objects and causing contamination, which poses a safety hazard.
  • this application provides a power swap platform, a power swap station, and a power swap method to overcome the above problems or at least partially solve the above problems.
  • the first aspect of the present application provides a battery swapping platform, which includes: a parking mechanism, which provides parking vehicles; a accommodating mechanism, which is arranged under the vehicles parked on the parking mechanism and has an opening; And an opening and closing mechanism, which is arranged on the accommodating mechanism and can be switched between a closed state and an open state with respect to the accommodating mechanism; wherein, the opening and closing mechanism can be opened when the opening and closing mechanism is in the open state
  • the opening of the accommodating mechanism; when the opening and closing mechanism is in the closed state, the opening of the accommodating mechanism can be closed, and the opening and closing mechanism and the parking mechanism in the closed state form a vehicle A passage path for vehicles to enter or leave the parking mechanism through the passage of the vehicle.
  • the opening and closing mechanism has a bearing guide device, which is arranged on the accommodating mechanism and used to define a movement path; and two opening and closing devices, which are respectively erected on the bearing guide device, wherein, The two opening and closing devices can move toward each other along a moving path defined by the load-bearing guide device, so that the opening and closing mechanism can be switched from the open state to the closed state, or can move along the direction defined by the load-bearing guide device The path moves away from each other, so that the opening and closing mechanism is switched from the closed state to the open state.
  • the opening and closing mechanism has a load-bearing guide device, which is arranged on the accommodating mechanism and is used to define a movement path; and an opening and closing device, which is erected on the load-bearing guide device, It can move in the first direction along the movement path defined by the load-bearing guide device, so that the opening and closing mechanism is switched from the open state to the closed state, or it can move in the opposite direction along the movement path defined by the load-bearing guide device Moving in a second direction of the first direction to switch the opening and closing mechanism from the closed state to the open state.
  • the load-bearing guide device includes two sliding rails, which are separately arranged on opposite sides of the opening of the accommodating mechanism, and the opening and closing device is arranged to straddle the two sliding rails; the opening The closing mechanism further includes a driving device for driving the opening and closing device to slide along a movement path defined by the bearing guide device.
  • the opening and closing device includes a single-layer door body.
  • the opening and closing device includes a fixed door body, which is fixedly erected on the load-bearing guide device; a linkage door body, which is respectively erected on the fixed door body and the load-bearing guide device;
  • the linkage door body can slide along the movement path defined by the load-bearing guide device, so that the opening and closing device is in a contracted state or an extended state, and when the opening and closing device is in a contracted state, the opening and closing device is in a contracted state, the opening The opening and closing mechanism is in the open state, and when the opening and closing device is in the extended state, the opening and closing mechanism is in the closed state.
  • the linkage door body is stacked above the fixed door body and completely covers the fixed door body.
  • the linkage door body includes a middle-level linkage door body and a top-level linkage door body, wherein the middle-level linkage door body is erected on the fixed door body and the load-bearing guide device, and the top-level linkage door body is erected On the middle-level linkage door body and the load-bearing guide device; and wherein the middle-level linkage door body and the top-level linkage door body can synchronously slide in the same direction along the movement path defined by the load-bearing guide device, So that the opening and closing device is in the contracted state or the extended state, and when the opening and closing device is in the contracted state, the middle-level linkage door body is stacked above the fixed door body and completely covers For the fixed door body, the top layer linkage door body is stacked above the middle layer linkage door body and completely covers the middle layer linkage door body.
  • the top-layer linkage door body has a top-layer limiting component, and the top-layer limiting component can abut the middle-layer linkage door body to limit the maximum value of the top-layer linkage door body relative to the middle-layer linkage door body. Moving distance;
  • the middle-level linkage door body has a middle-level limiting component, which can abut the fixed door body to limit the maximum moving distance of the middle-level linkage door body relative to the fixed door body .
  • the opening and closing mechanism further includes a driving device, and when the opening and closing device is switched from the contracted state to the extended state, the driving device drives the top layer linkage door to move relative to the middle layer linkage
  • the door body slides in the first direction until the top layer limiting component abuts the middle layer linkage door body; the driving device continues to drive the top layer linkage door body to slide in the first direction, and by all means
  • the top-level linkage door body drives the middle-level linkage door body to move in linkage in the first direction until the middle-level limit component abuts against the fixed door body; when the opening and closing device moves from the extended state to the When the retracted state is switched, the driving device drives the top-level linkage door to slide relative to the middle-level linkage door in a second direction opposite to the first direction until the top-level limiting component abuts against the The middle-level linkage door body; the driving device continues to drive the top-level linkage door body to slide in the second direction, and the top-level linkage door body
  • the parking mechanism includes a first parking sub-mechanism and a second parking sub-mechanism, wherein the accommodating mechanism is configured by the first parking sub-mechanism and the second parking sub-mechanism independently provided Naturally formed.
  • a second aspect of the present application provides a battery swap station, which includes: the battery swap platform described in the first aspect above, for installing or removing batteries on a vehicle; a battery storage mechanism for storing batteries; and a battery connection mechanism , Which connects the power swap platform and the battery storage mechanism, and is used to transfer batteries between the power swap platform and the battery storage mechanism.
  • the battery storage mechanism includes two battery storage racks and a lifting device arranged between the two battery storage racks.
  • the battery storage mechanism includes a plurality of the battery storage racks arranged side by side on a single side of the lifting device, and the lifting device can move along the horizontal direction of the battery storage rack to store the batteries together with the plurality of battery storage racks. One docking in the rack.
  • the battery storage rack includes a plurality of battery compartments arranged in a stack, and the lifting device can be raised and lowered in a vertical direction of the battery storage rack to be connected to one of the plurality of battery compartments.
  • the switching station further includes a charging device separately arranged in each of the battery compartments for electrically connecting the batteries stored in each of the battery compartments for charging.
  • a third aspect of the present application provides a battery swapping method, which is applied to the battery swapping platform described in the first aspect.
  • the method includes: controlling the opening and closing mechanism to be in the closed state so that the The opening and closing mechanism and the parking mechanism form a vehicle path for vehicles to enter the parking mechanism; when the vehicle is parked on the parking mechanism, the opening and closing mechanism is controlled to switch from the closed state to the all
  • the open state is used for the battery dismounting mechanism provided in the accommodating mechanism to perform battery dismounting and dismounting operations on the vehicle parked on the parking mechanism; and after the battery dismounting and dismounting operations are completed, Control the opening and closing mechanism to switch from the open state to the closed state, so that the opening and closing mechanism in the closed state and the parking mechanism re-form a vehicle path for the vehicle to drive away from the Parking agency.
  • the power swap platform, power swap station, and power swap method provided in the embodiments of the present application are provided with an opening and closing mechanism that can be switched between a closed state and an open state, so as to utilize the opening and closing mechanism in the closed state and
  • the parking mechanism forms the path for vehicles to pass, so as to provide vehicles for entering or leaving the parking mechanism.
  • the present application can integrate the load-bearing function of the vehicle path on the opening and closing mechanism, thereby reducing the cost of other equipment on the battery exchange platform. Difficulty in load-bearing design.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall architecture of the existing battery swapping platform
  • FIGS. 2A and 2B are schematic diagrams of the overall architecture of the battery swapping platform according to the first embodiment of the application;
  • Fig. 3 is an exploded schematic diagram of the power exchange platform according to the first embodiment of the application.
  • FIGS. 4A and 4B are schematic diagrams of an embodiment of the opening and closing mechanism of the first embodiment of the application.
  • 5A to 5C are schematic diagrams of embodiments of the opening and closing device according to the first embodiment of the application.
  • Fig. 6 and Fig. 7 are schematic diagrams of an embodiment of a switching station according to the second embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic flowchart of a power exchange method according to a third embodiment of this application.
  • 231A, 231B slide rail
  • 41A, 41B battery storage rack
  • the first embodiment of the present application provides a battery swapping platform.
  • the battery swapping platform 2 mainly includes a parking mechanism 21, a accommodating mechanism 22, and an opening and closing mechanism 23.
  • the parking mechanism 21 is used to provide parking vehicles.
  • the parking mechanism 21 has a wheel positioning device 211.
  • the wheel positioning device 211 is used to position the wheels of the vehicle, so that the vehicle is stably parked on the parking mechanism 21.
  • the accommodating mechanism 22 is arranged below the vehicle parked on the parking mechanism 21 and has an opening 221.
  • the parking mechanism 21 includes a first parking mechanism 21A and a second parking mechanism 21B.
  • the first parking mechanism 21A and the second parking mechanism 21B are relatively independent.
  • the car sub-mechanism 21A can be used to position the two front wheels of the vehicle, and the second parking sub-mechanism 21B is used to position the two rear wheels of the vehicle.
  • the car mechanism 21B is formed naturally.
  • a battery disassembly and assembly mechanism 24 and a vehicle lifting mechanism 25 may be arranged inside the accommodating mechanism 22 of the battery swapping platform 2, wherein the vehicle lifting mechanism 25 is used for lifting and parking.
  • the vehicle parked on the parking mechanism 21 is arranged horizontally and parallel, and the battery disassembly mechanism 24 is used to perform battery disassembly and assembly operations for the vehicle in the horizontal and parallel state.
  • the opening and closing mechanism 23 is arranged on the accommodating mechanism 22 and can be switched between a closed state and an open state relative to the accommodating mechanism 22.
  • the opening 221 of the accommodating mechanism 22 can be opened to allow the battery disassembly and assembly mechanism 24 and the vehicle lifting mechanism 25 arranged in the accommodating mechanism 22 to easily accommodate the mechanism. 22 extends inside to perform micro-lifting and/or battery disassembly and assembly operations for the vehicle on the parking mechanism 21.
  • the opening and closing mechanism 23 when the opening and closing mechanism 23 is in the closed state, the opening 221 of the accommodating mechanism 22 can be closed, and the opening and closing mechanism 23 in the closed state and the parking mechanism 21 form a vehicle passage for The vehicle enters or leaves the parking mechanism 21 through the formed vehicle path.
  • the opening and closing mechanism 23 in the closed state can be connected to the first parking sub-mechanism 21A and the second parking sub-mechanism 21B, so that the first parking sub-mechanism The mechanism 21A, the opening and closing mechanism 23 in a closed state, and the second parking sub-mechanism 21B form a completed vehicle path for vehicles to enter or leave the parking mechanism 21.
  • the opening and closing mechanism 23 of this application can be realized in a variety of structural forms. The following will describe in detail several specific implementations of the opening and closing mechanism 23 of this application with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the opening and closing mechanism 23 of this application is not the following The above-mentioned embodiments are only limited, and any opening and closing mechanism of other forms that can be used to open or close the opening of the accommodating mechanism can also be applied to this application.
  • the opening and closing mechanism 23 can be designed as a two-way door opening mechanism.
  • the opening and closing mechanism 23 mainly includes a load-bearing guide 231 and two opening and closing devices 232A, 232B .
  • the bearing guide 231 is arranged on the accommodating mechanism 22 and is used to define a moving path.
  • the two opening and closing devices 232A, 232B are respectively erected on the supporting guide 231, wherein the two opening and closing devices 232A, 232B can move toward each other along the movement path defined by the supporting guide 231, so that the opening and closing mechanism 23 is changed from the open state Switch to the closed state, or move backwards along the movement path defined by the bearing guide 231, so that the opening and closing mechanism 23 is switched from the closed state to the open state.
  • the load-bearing guide device 231 includes two sliding rails 231A, 231B, which are respectively arranged on opposite sides of the opening 221 of the accommodating mechanism 22, and the opening and closing devices 232A, 232B are respectively arranged across the two sliding rails 231A , 231B on.
  • the opening and closing mechanism 23 further includes a driving device 233 for driving the opening and closing devices 232A, 232B to slide along the movement path defined by the bearing guide 231.
  • the driving device 233 drives the opening and closing devices 232A, 232B connected to it to slide along the movement path defined by the bearing guide 231 to switch between the open state and the closed state.
  • the opening and closing device 232 includes a door panel 23201, two door beams 23202 arranged on opposite sides of the door panel 23201, and two linear moving assemblies 23203 are arranged on opposite sides of each door beam 23202, wherein the linear moving The assembly 23203 is slidably disposed on the two sliding rails 231A and 231B, so that the opening and closing device 232 can slide along the movement path defined by the bearing guide 231 as a whole.
  • the opening and closing mechanism 23 can also be designed as a single-sided door opening mechanism.
  • the opening and closing mechanism 23 mainly includes a load-bearing guide 231 and an opening and closing device 232.
  • the carrying and guiding device 231 is arranged on the accommodating mechanism 22 and is used to define a movement path; the opening and closing device 232 is erected on the carrying and guiding device 231, and can move in the first direction along the movement path defined by the carrying and guiding device 231 to make The opening and closing mechanism 23 is switched from an open state to a closed state, or moves along a movement path defined by the bearing guide 231 in a second direction opposite to the first direction, so that the opening and closing mechanism 23 is switched from a closed state to an open state.
  • the load-bearing guiding device 231 includes two sliding rails 231A, 231B, which are separately arranged on opposite sides of the opening 221 of the accommodating mechanism 22, and the opening and closing device 232 is arranged across the two sliding rails 231A, 231B .
  • the opening and closing mechanism 23 further includes a driving device 233 for driving the opening and closing device 232 to slide along the movement path defined by the bearing guide 231.
  • the opening and closing device 232 of the embodiment of the present application can be, for example, a single-layer door 1321 (as shown in the embodiment shown in FIG. 4A and FIG. 4B), or a multi-layer linkage door.
  • the opening and closing device 232 of the multi-layer linkage door design will be described in detail below in conjunction with FIGS. 5A to 5C.
  • the opening and closing device 232 of this embodiment is mainly composed of a fixed door body 2322 and a linked door body 2323.
  • the fixed door body 2322 is fixedly erected on the bearing guide device 231, and the linkage door body 2323 is erected on the fixed door body 2322 and the bearing guide device 231.
  • the opposite sides of the linkage door body 2323 are respectively movably erected on the fixed door body 2322 and the load-bearing guide 231, and can be opposite to
  • the linkage door body 2323 can slide along the movement path defined by the bearing guide 231, so that the opening and closing device 232 is in a contracted state or an extended state.
  • the linkage door body 2323 is stacked above the fixed door body 2322 and completely covers the fixed door body 2322. In this case, the opening The joint mechanism 23 is in an open state;
  • the opening and closing device 232 When the opening and closing device 232 is in an extended state (as shown in FIG. 5C), the linkage door body 2323 and the fixed door body 2322 are in an unfolded state (that is, the linkage door body 2323 is only partially stacked above the fixed door body 2322). In this case, the opening and closing mechanism 23 is in a closed state.
  • the linkage door body 2323 includes a middle linkage door body 2324 and a top linkage door body 2325.
  • the opposite sides of the middle linkage door body 2324 are respectively erected on the fixed door body 2322 and the bearing guide 231.
  • the opposite sides of the top linkage door body 2325 are respectively erected on the middle layer linkage door body 2324 and the bearing guide device 231.
  • the middle layer The linkage door body 2324 and the top linkage door body 2325 can synchronously slide in the same direction along the moving path defined by the bearing guide 231, so that the opening and closing device 232 is in a contracted state (shown in Figure 5B) or an extended state (Figure 5B). State shown in 5C).
  • the middle linkage door body 2324 is stacked on top of the fixed door body 2322 and completely covers the fixed door body 2322.
  • the top linkage door body 2325 is stacked on the middle layer.
  • the linkage door body 2324 is above and completely covers the middle linkage door body 2324. Thereby, the occupied space of the opening and closing device 232 can be reduced.
  • the top-level linkage door 2325 has a top-level limiting component 23251, and the top-level limiting component 23251 abuts against the middle-level linkage door 2324 to limit the maximum movement of the top-level linkage door 2325 relative to the middle-level linkage door 2324. distance.
  • the top limit component 23251 includes limit pieces 23251A and top door beam 23251B arranged on opposite sides of the top linkage door body 2325, and a linear movement component 23251C is provided under the top door beam 23251B, wherein the linear movement
  • the assembly 23251C can slide along the movement path defined by the bearing guide 231, wherein the top linkage door body 2325 can move in the F1 direction compared to the middle linkage door body 2324 until the limit piece 23251A abuts the middle linkage door body 2324, Alternatively, the top layer linkage door 2325 can move in the F2 direction compared to the middle layer linkage door body 2324 until the top layer door beam 23251B abuts the middle layer linkage door body 2324.
  • the middle-level linkage door 2324 has a middle-level limit component 23241, and the middle-level limit component 23241 abuts the fixed door body 2322 to limit the maximum moving distance of the middle-level linkage door body 2324 relative to the fixed door body 2322.
  • the middle-level limit component 23241 includes limit pieces 23241A and a middle-level door beam 23241B that are arranged on opposite sides of the middle-level linkage door body 2324, and a linear movement component 23241C is provided under the middle-level door beam 23241B, wherein the linear movement
  • the component 23241C can slide along the moving path defined by the bearing guide 231, wherein the middle linkage door 2324 can move in the first direction F1 compared to the fixed door 2322, until the stop 23241A abuts the fixed door 2322
  • the middle-level linkage door body 2324 can move in the second direction F2 compared to the fixed door body 2322 until the middle-level door beam 23241B abuts the fixed door body 2322.
  • the opening and closing mechanism 23 further includes a driving device (not shown) for driving the opening and closing device 232 (multi-layer linkage door) to switch between the retracted state and the extended state.
  • the driving device drives the top linkage door body 2325 to slide relative to the middle linkage door body 2324 in the first direction F1, until the top level limiting component 23251 is limited.
  • the piece 23251A abuts the middle-level linkage door 2324, the driving device continues to drive the top-level linkage door body 2325 to slide in the first direction F1, and the top-level linkage door body 2325 drives the middle-level linkage door body 2324 to slide in the first direction F1 linkage.
  • the limit piece 23241A of the middle limit assembly 23241 abuts the fixed door 2322.
  • the driving device drives the top linkage door body 2325 to slide relative to the middle linkage door body 2324 in a second direction F2 opposite to the first direction F1 until the top level
  • the top door beam 23251B of the limit assembly 23251 abuts the middle linkage door 2324;
  • the driving device 233 continues to drive the top linkage door 2325 to slide in the second direction F2, and the top linkage door 2325 drives the middle linkage door 2324 toward
  • the second direction F2 is linked to slide until the middle door beam 23241B of the middle limit component 23241 abuts the fixed door body 2322.
  • the opening and closing mechanism 23 can also be realized by using a flexible door (such as a rolling door) to cooperate with a load-bearing frame, wherein, when the opening and closing mechanism 23 is in the closed state, the load-bearing frame of the opening and closing mechanism 23 can be parked with each other.
  • the vehicle mechanism 21 forms a vehicle path for vehicles to enter or leave the parking mechanism 21 through the vehicle path.
  • the second embodiment of the present application provides a power exchange station.
  • the power swap station 3 provided in this embodiment mainly includes the power swap platform 2, the battery storage mechanism 4, and the battery connection structure 5 described in the first embodiment.
  • the battery exchange platform 2 is used to install or remove batteries on the vehicle
  • the battery storage mechanism 4 is used to store batteries
  • the battery connection mechanism 5 connects the battery exchange platform 2 and the battery storage mechanism 4 to the vehicle. The battery is transferred between the electric platform 2 and the battery storage mechanism 4.
  • the battery storage mechanism 4 may include two battery storage racks 41A, 41B and a lifting device 42 arranged between the two battery storage racks 41A, 41B.
  • each battery storage rack 41A, 41B each includes a plurality of battery compartments 411 arranged in a stack, and the lifting device 42 can be raised and lowered along the vertical direction of the battery storage racks 41A, 41B to be connected to one of the plurality of battery compartments 411 .
  • a plurality of battery storage racks 41A, 41B can also be arranged side by side on a single side of the lifting device 42, and the lifting device 42 can move along the horizontal direction of the battery storage racks 41A, 41B to align with the multiple battery storage racks arranged side by side.
  • One of 41A and 41B is docked.
  • a guide rail can be installed under the lifting device 42 so that the lifting device 42 can move along the guide rail between a plurality of battery storage racks 41A and 41B arranged side by side, so as to expand the capacity of the battery compartment 411.
  • the battery connection mechanism 5 can be realized by various structural designs.
  • the battery connection mechanism 5 can be a roller transmission line, a chain transmission line, a belt transmission line, etc., but it is not limited to this.
  • the battery connection mechanism 5 is also It can be displayed by the way of the guide rail and the shuttle car, which is not limited in this application.
  • the switching station 3 may further include a charging device (not shown) separately provided in each battery compartment 411 for electrically connecting the batteries stored in each battery compartment 411 for charging.
  • the switching station 3 can also be equipped with an electrical room 31 and a rest room 32, where the electrical room 31 is used for charging control and management of various charging devices, and responsible for the entire switching station 3.
  • the motion logic control of each component, the rest room 32 is an area where the staff of the power swap station 3 can rest.
  • FIG. 8 shows the main steps of the power swapping method according to the third embodiment of the present application.
  • the power swapping method provided in the embodiments of the present application is applied to the power swapping platform 2 described in the first embodiment above, and it mainly includes the following steps:
  • step S81 the opening and closing mechanism is controlled to be in a closed state, so that the opening and closing mechanism in the closed state and the parking mechanism form a vehicle path for the vehicle to enter the parking mechanism.
  • Step S82 After the vehicle is parked on the parking mechanism, the opening and closing mechanism is controlled to switch from the closed state to the open state, so that the battery disassembly and assembly mechanism provided in the accommodating mechanism can perform operations on the vehicle parked on the parking mechanism. Battery disassembly and assembly operations.
  • a wheel positioning device on the parking mechanism can be used to position the wheels of the vehicle, so that the vehicle is positioned at a designated position of the parking mechanism.
  • the vehicle lifting mechanism provided in the accommodating mechanism may also be used for the parking mechanism.
  • the upper vehicle is slightly lifted to make the vehicle reach a horizontal and parallel arrangement, and then a battery disassembly mechanism is provided to perform battery disassembly and assembly operations for the horizontal and parallel vehicle.
  • Step S83 after the battery disassembly and assembly operation is completed, control the opening and closing mechanism to switch from the open state to the closed state, so that the opening and closing mechanism and the parking mechanism in the closed state re-form a vehicle path for the vehicle to leave the parking mechanism .
  • the battery exchange platform provided by the embodiments of the present application is provided with an opening and closing mechanism that can be switched between a closed state and an open state, and the closed state of the opening and closing mechanism and the parking mechanism together form a vehicle traffic Path for vehicles to enter or leave the parking mechanism through the formed vehicle path.
  • the battery disassembly mechanism can be transferred to the bottom of the vehicle parked on the parking mechanism, and the opening of the accommodating mechanism can be opened to make the battery disassembly mechanism Extend from the accommodating mechanism and perform battery disassembly and assembly operations for the vehicle.
  • this application does not need to reserve mobile space for the battery disassembly mechanism on the parking mechanism (parking platform), so that when the battery disassembly operation is performed, the vehicle only needs to be slightly lifted so that the vehicle is in a horizontal and parallel configuration. Therefore, the driver and the passenger can complete the battery replacement without leaving the vehicle, which can improve the vehicle owner’s experience of changing the vehicle.
  • the vehicle needs to be greatly lifted to the preset height.
  • the embodiment of the present application can significantly reduce vehicle accidents. The risk of falling, improves the safety of the battery replacement operation, and can reduce the total time consumption of the vehicle battery replacement operation.

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Abstract

本申请提供一种换电平台、换电站以及换电方法，所述换电平台包括驻车机构、容置机构和开合机构，容置机构设置在驻停于驻车机构上的车辆的下方并具有开口，开合机构设置在容置机构上，其中，当开合机构处于开启状态时可开启容置机构的开口，当开合机构处于闭合状态时，可关闭容置的开口，并使开合机构与驻车机构构成车辆通行路径以供车辆驶入或驶离驻车机构。本申请实施例提供的换电平台通过将车辆通行路径的承重功能整合设计于开合机构上，可以降低换电平台其他设备的承重设计难度。

Description

换电平台、换电站以及换电方法 技术领域
本申请实施例涉及车辆换电技术，尤其涉及一种换电平台、换电站以及换电方法。
背景技术
汽车技术的发展使得新能源汽车成为了汽车行业的主流发展趋势。其中，换电站是给电动汽车更换电池的自动化设备。
如图1所示，现有的换电平台1主要由停车平台11、车辆举升机12、车轮定位机构13以及轨道导引小车14(Rail Guided Vehicle，RGV)组成。
其中，停车平台11用于停放车辆，车轮定位机构13用于提供车辆定位于停车平台11的指定位置，车辆举升机12用于将驻停在停车平台11上的车辆举升至设定高度，轨道导引小车14用于实现电池的水平运转、电池的高度升降以及电池的拆装操作。
然而，在现有技术中，由于轨道导引小车14直接在停车平台11上行走，导致在针对停车平台11上的车辆执行电池拆装操作时，车辆举升机12必须针对车辆进行大幅度举升，而为轨道导引小车14留出移动空间，此造成了在进行车辆换电时，驾乘人员必须离开车辆，不仅增加了车辆换电的总耗时，也导致了车主的换电体验较差，且车辆在进行大幅度提升的过程中还存在坠落的风险。
再者，现有技术中，电池在传输过程中，完全暴露在可视范围内，容易引起人员擦碰以及电池受到异物侵入而导致脏污的风险，存在安全隐患。
发明内容
鉴于上述问题，本申请提供一种换电平台、换电站和换电方法，以克服上述问题或者至少部分地解决上述问题。
本申请的第一方面提供一种换电平台，其包括：驻车机构，其提供驻停车辆；容置机构，其设置在驻停于所述驻车机构上的车辆的下方并具有开口；以及开合机构，其设置在所述容置机构上，并可相对于所述容置机构在闭合状态与开启状态之间切换；其中，当所述开合机构处于所述开启状态时 可开启所述容置机构的开口；当所述开合机构处于所述闭合状态时可关闭所述容置机构的开口，并使处于闭合状态下的所述开合机构与所述驻车机构形成车辆通行路径，以供车辆借由所述车辆通行该路径驶入或驶离所述驻车机构。
可选的，所述开合机构具有承载导向装置，其设于所述容置机构上并用于定义移动路径；以及两个开合装置，其分别架设在所述承载导向装置上，其中，所述两个开合装置可沿所述承载导向装置定义的移动路径相向移动，以使所述开合机构由所述开启状态切换至所述闭合状态，或可沿所述承载导向装置定义的移动路径相背移动，以使所述开合机构由所述闭合状态切换至所述开启状态。
可选的，所述开合机构具有承载导向装置，其设于所述容置机构上并用于定义移动路径；以及一个开合装置，其架设在所述承载导向装置上，所述开合装置可沿所述承载导向装置定义的移动路径朝第一方向移动，以使所述开合机构由所述开启状态切换至所述闭合状态，或可沿所述承载导向装置定义的移动路径朝相反于所述第一方向的第二方向移动，以使所述开合机构由所述闭合状态切换至所述开启状态。
可选的，所述承载导向装置包括两个滑轨，其分设在所述容置机构的开口的相对两侧，所述开合装置为跨设在所述两个滑轨上；所述开合机构还包括驱动装置，用于驱动所述开合装置沿所述承载导向装置定义的移动路径滑移。
可选的，所述开合装置包括单层门体。
可选的，所述开合装置包括固定门体，其固定架设在所述承载导向装置上；联动门体，所述联动门体分别架设在所述固定门体以及所述承载导向装置上；其中，所述联动门体可沿所述承载导向装置定义的移动路径滑移，以使所述开合装置处于收缩状态或延伸状态，且当所述开合装置处于收缩状态时，所述开合机构处于所述开启状态，当所述开合装置处于所述延伸状态时，所述开合机构处于所述闭合状态。
可选的，当所述开合装置处于收缩状态时，所述联动门体叠设于所述固定门体上方并完全覆盖所述固定门体。
可选的，所述联动门体包括中层联动门体和顶层联动门体，其中，所述中层联动门体架设在所述固定门体与所述承载导向装置上，所述顶层联动门体架设在所述中层联动门体与所述承载导向装置上；且其中，所述中层联 动门体与所述顶层联动门体可沿所述承载导向装置定义的移动路径朝同一方向同步联动滑移，以使所述开合装置处于所述收缩状态或所述延伸状态，且当所述开合装置处于所述收缩状态时，所述中层联动门体叠设于所述固定门体上方并完全覆盖所述固定门体，所述顶层联动门体叠设于所述中层联动门体上方并完全覆盖所述中层联动门体。
可选的，所述顶层联动门体具有顶层限位组件，所述顶层限位组件可抵接所述中层联动门体，以限定所述顶层联动门体相对于所述中层联动门体的最大移动距离；
可选的，所述中层联动门体具有中层限位组件，所述中层限位组件可抵接所述固定门体，以限定所述中层联动门体相对于所述固定门体的最大移动距离。
可选的，所述开合机构还包括驱动装置，当所述开合装置由所述收缩状态向所述延伸状态切换时，所述驱动装置驱动所述顶层联动门体相对于所述中层联动门体朝第一方向滑移，直至所述顶层限位组件抵接所述中层联动门体；所述驱动装置继续驱动所述顶层联动门体朝所述第一方向滑移，并借由所述顶层联动门体带动所述中层联动门体朝所述第一方向联动滑移，直至所述中层限位组件抵接所述固定门体；当所述开合装置由所述延伸状态向所述收缩状态切换时，所述驱动装置驱动所述顶层联动门体相对于所述中层联动门体朝相反于所述第一方向的第二方向滑移，直至所述顶层限位组件抵接所述中层联动门体；所述驱动装置继续驱动所述顶层联动门体朝所述第二方向滑移，并借由所述顶层联动门体带动所述中层联动门体朝所述第二方向联动滑移，直至所述中层限位组件抵接所述固定门体。
可选的，所述驻车机构包括第一驻车子机构和第二驻车子机构，其中，所述容置机构借由独立设置的所述第一驻车子机构和所述第二驻车子机构而自然形成。
本申请第二方面提供一种换电站，其包括：上述第一方面所述的换电平台，用于提供在车辆上安装或拆卸电池；电池存储机构，用于存储电池；以及电池接驳机构，其连接所述换电平台与所述电池存储机构，用于在所述换电平台与所述电池存储机构之间传输电池。
可选的，所述电池存储机构包括两个电池存储架以及设置在所述两个电池存储架之间的升降装置。
可选的，所述电池存储机构包括并排布设在升降装置的单侧的多个所 述电池存储架，所述升降装置可沿所述电池存储架的水平方向移动以与所述多个电池存储架中的一个对接。
可选的，所述电池存储架包括呈叠设布置的多个电池仓，所述升降装置可沿所述电池存储架的垂直方向升降以与所述多个电池仓中的一个对接。
可选的，所述换电站还包括分设于各所述电池仓的充电装置，用于电性连接存储于各所述电池仓内的所述电池以进行充电。
本申请第三方面提供一种换电方法，应用于上述第一方面所述的换电平台，所述方法包括：控制所述开合机构处于所述闭合状态，使得处于闭合状态下的所述开合机构与所述驻车机构形成车辆通行路径，以供车辆驶入所述驻车机构；当车辆驻停于驻车机构上之后，控制所述开合机构由所述闭合状态切换至所述开启状态，以供设置在所述容置机构内的电池拆装机构针对驻停在所述驻车机构上的所述车辆进行电池拆装操作；以及在所述电池拆装操作完成之后，控制所述开合机构由所述开启状态切换至所述闭合状态，使得处于闭合状态下的所述开合机构与所述驻车机构重新形成车辆通行路径,以供所述车辆驶离所述驻车机构。
由以上技术方案可见，本申请实施例提供的换电平台、换电站及换电方法，通过设置可在闭合状态与开启状态之间切换的开合机构，以利用处于闭合状态的开合机构与驻车机构形成车辆通行该路径，从而提供车辆驶入或驶离驻车机构，借此，本申请可将车辆通行路径的承重功能整合设计于开合机构上，从而降低换电平台其他设备的承重设计难度。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本申请实施例中记载的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为现有换电平台的整体架构示意图；
图2A、图2B为本申请第一实施例的换电平台的整体架构示意图；
图3为本申请第一实施例的换电平台的爆炸示意图；
图4A、图4B为本申请第一实施例的开合机构的实施例示意图；
图5A至图5C为本申请第一实施例的开合装置的实施例示意图；
图6与图7为本申请第二实施例的换电站的实施例示意图；
图8为本申请第三实施例的换电方法的流程示意图。
元件标号
1：换电平台(现有技术)；
11：停车平台；
12：车辆举升机；
13：车轮定位机构；
14：轨道导引小车；
2：换电平台；
21：驻车机构；
21A:第一驻车子机构；
21B：第二驻车子机构；
211：车轮定位装置；
22：容置机构；
221：开口；
23：开合机构：
231：承载导向装置；
231A,231B：滑轨；
232，232A，232B：开合装置；
23201：门板；
23202：门梁；
23203：直线移动组件；
2321：单层门体；
2322：固定门体；
2323：联动门体；
2324：中层联动门体；
23241：中层限位组件；
23241A:限位件；
23241B：中层门梁；
23241C：直线移动组件；
2325：顶层联动门体；
23251：顶层限位组件；
23251A:限位件；
23251B：顶层门梁；
23251C：直线移动组件；
233:驱动装置；
24：电池拆装机构；
25：车辆举升机构；
3：换电站；
4：电池存储机构；
41A,41B:电池存储架；
411：电池仓；
42：升降装置；
5：电池接驳机构。
具体实施方式
为了使本领域的人员更好地理解本申请实施例中的技术方案，下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅是本申请实施例一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请实施例中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员所获得的所有其他实施例，都应当属于本申请实施例保护的范围。
下面结合本申请实施例附图进一步说明本申请实施例的具体实现。
第一实施例
本申请第一实施例提供一种换电平台，如图2A及图2B所示，所述换电平台2主要包括驻车机构21、容置机构22和开合机构23。
驻车机构21用于提供驻停车辆。
可选的，驻车机构21具有车轮定位装置211，本实施例利用车轮定位装置211定位车辆的车轮，以使车辆稳定地驻停在驻车机构21上。
容置机构22设置在驻停于驻车机构21上的车辆的下方，并具有开口221。
于本实施例中，驻车机构21包括第一驻车机子机构21A和第二驻车子机构21B，其中，第一驻车机子机构21A和第二驻车子机构21B为相对独立设置，第一驻车子机构21A可用于定位车辆的两个前轮，而第二驻车子机构21B用于定位车辆的两个后轮，容置机构22为借由独立设置的第一驻车子机构21A和第二驻车子机构21B而自然形成。
请配合参考图3，于另一实施例中，换电平台2的容置机构22内部可以设置电池拆装机构24与车辆举升机构25，其中，车辆举升机构25用于惟举升驻停在驻车机构21上的车辆，以使其呈水平平行设置，而电池拆装机构24则用于针对呈水平平行设置状态的车辆执行电池拆装操作。
开合机构23设置在容置机构22上，并可相对于容置机构22在闭合状态与开启状态之间切换。
于本实施例中，当开合机构23处于开启状态时，可开启容置机构22的开口221，以供设置在容置机构22内部的电池拆装机构24与车辆举升机构25从容置机构22内伸出，以针对驻车机构21上的车辆执行微举升和/或电池拆装操作。
于另一实施例中，当开合机构23处于闭合状态时，可关闭容置机构22的开口221，并使处于闭合状态下的开合机构23与驻车机构21形成车辆通行路径，以供车辆借由所形成的车辆通行路径驶入或驶离驻车机构21。
具体而言，如图2A所示，当开合机构23处于闭合状态时，呈闭合状态的开合机构23可衔接第一驻车子机构21A和第二驻车子机构21B，以使第一驻车子机构21A、呈闭合状态的开合机构23与第二驻车子机构21B形成完成的车辆通行路径，以供车辆驶入或驶离驻车机构21。
本申请的开合机构23可通过多种结构形式予以实现，以下将结合附图详细描述本申请开合机构23的几种具体实现，需说明的是，本申请的开合机构23并不以下述实施例所示为限，凡可用于实现开启或关闭容置机构的开口的其他形式的开合机构亦可适用于本申请。
如图4A和图4B所示，于一实施例中，开合机构23可设计为双向开门机构，具体而言，开合机构23主要包括有承载导向装置231和两个开合装置232A,232B。
承载导向装置231设置在容置机构22上并用于定义移动路径。
两个开合装置232A,232B分别架设在承载导向装置231上，其中，两个开合装置232A,232B可沿着承载导向装置231定义的移动路径相向移动，以使开合机构23由开启状态切换至闭合状态，或沿着承载导向装置231定义的移动路径相背移动，以使开合机构23由闭合状态切换至开启状态。
于一实施例中，承载导向装置231包括有两个滑轨231A,231B，其分设在容置机构22的开口221的相对两侧，开合装置232A,232B分别跨设在两个滑轨231A，231B上。
于一实施例中，开合机构23还包括有驱动装置233，用于驱动开合装置232A,232B沿承载导向装置231定义的移动路径滑移。
例如，驱动装置233通过驱动与之连接的开合装置232A,232B沿着承载导向装置231定义的移动路径滑移，以与开启状态与闭合状态之间切换。
具体而言，开合装置232包括有门板23201，设置在门板23201的相对两侧的两个门梁23202，各门梁23202的相对两侧还设置有两个直线移动组件23203，其中，直线移动组件23203分别滑设在两个滑轨231A，231B上，以供开合装置232整体沿着承载导向装置231定义的移动路径滑移。
于另一实施例中，开合机构23也可设计为单侧开门机构，具体而言，开合机构23主要包括有承载导向装置231和一个开合装置232。
其中，承载导向装置231设置在容置机构22上并用于定义移动路径；开合装置232架设在承载导向装置231上，并可沿承载导向装置231定义的移动路径朝第一方向移动，以使开合机构23由开启状态切换至闭合状态，或沿承载导向装置231定义的移动路径朝相反于第一方向的第二方向移动，以使开合机构23由闭合状态切换至开启状态。
于一实施例中，承载导向装置231包括有两个滑轨231A,231B，其分设在容置机构22的开口221的相对两侧，开合装置232跨设在两个滑轨231A，231B上。
于一实施例中，开合机构23还包括有驱动装置233，用于驱动开合装置232沿着承载导向装置231定义的移动路径滑移。
再者，本申请实施例的开合装置232可例如为单层门体1321(如图4A及图4B所示实施例)，亦或是多层联动门。
以下将结合如图5A至图5C，具体描述多层联动门设计的开合装置232。
如图所示，本实施例的开合装置232主要由固定门体2322和联动门体2323构成。
固定门体2322固定架设在承载导向装置231上，联动门体2323架设在固定门体2322以及承载导向装置231上。
于本实施例中，联动门体2323的相对两侧分别可活动地架设在固定门体2322以及承载导向装置231上，并可相对于
具体而言，联动门体2323可沿着承载导向装置231定义的移动路径滑移，以使开合装置232处于收缩状态或延伸状态。
于本实施例中，当开合装置232处于收缩状态时(如图5B所示)， 联动门体2323叠设在固定门体2322的上方并完全覆盖固定门体2322，于此情况下，开合机构23处于开启状态；
当开合装置232处于延伸状态时(如图5C所示)，联动门体2323与固定门体2322呈现展开状态(即联动门体2323仅部分叠设在固定门体2322的上方)，于此情况下，开合机构23处于闭合状态。
在图5A至图5C所示的实施例中，联动门体2323包括有中层联动门体2324和顶层联动门体2325。
中层联动门体2324的相对两侧分别架设在固定门体2322和承载导向装置231上，顶层联动门体2325的相对两侧分别架设在中层联动门体2324与承载导向装置231上，其中，中层联动门体2324与顶层联动门体2325可沿着承载导向装置231定义的移动路径朝同一方向同步联动滑移，以使开合装置232处于收缩状态(图5B所示状态)或延伸状态(图5C所示状态)。
由图5B可以看出，当开合装置232处于收缩状态时，中层联动门体2324叠设于固定门体2322的上方并完全覆盖固定门体2322，同时，顶层联动门体2325叠设于中层联动门体2324的上方并完全覆盖中层联动门体2324。借此，可以减小开合装置232的占用空间。
于本实施例中，顶层联动门体2325具有顶层限位组件23251，借由顶层限位组件23251抵接中层联动门体2324，以限定顶层联动门体2325相对于中层联动门体2324的最大移动距离。
具体而言，顶层限位组件23251包括设置在顶层联动门体2325的相对两侧的限位件23251A和顶层门梁23251B，且于顶层门梁23251B下方设置有直线移动组件23251C，其中，直线移动组件23251C可沿着承载导向装置231定义的移动路径滑移，其中，顶层联动门体2325可相较于中层联动门体2324沿F1方向移动，直至限位件23251A抵接中层联动门体2324，或者，顶层联动门体2325可相较于中层联动门体2324沿F2方向移动，直至顶层门梁23251B抵接中层联动门体2324。
中层联动门体2324具有中层限位组件23241，借由中层限位组件23241抵接固定门体2322，以限定中层联动门体2324相对于固定门体2322的最大移动距离。
具体而言，中层限位组件23241包括设置在中层联动门体2324的相对两侧的限位件23241A和中层门梁23241B，且于中层门梁23241B下方设置有直线移动组件23241C，其中，直线移动组件23241C可沿着承载导向装置 231定义的移动路径滑移，其中，中层联动门体2324可相较于固定门体2322沿第一方向F1方向移动，直至限位件23241A抵接固定门体2322，或者，中层联动门体2324可相较于固定门体2322沿第二方向F2方向移动，直至中层门梁23241B抵接固定门体2322。
于本实施例中，开合机构23还包括驱动装置(未示出)，用于驱动开合装置232(多层联动门)在收缩状态和延伸状态之间切换。
具体而言，当开合装置232由收缩状态向延伸状态切换时，驱动装置驱动顶层联动门体2325相对于中层联动门体2324朝第一方向F1滑移，直至顶层限位组件23251的限位件23251A抵接中层联动门体2324，驱动装置继续驱动顶层联动门体2325朝第一方向F1滑移，并借由顶层联动门体2325带动中层联动门体2324朝第一方向F1联动滑移，直至中层限位组件23241的限位件23241A抵接固定门体2322。
反之，当开合装置232由延伸状态向收缩状态切换时，驱动装置驱动顶层联动门体2325相对于中层联动门体2324朝相反于所述第一方向F1的第二方向F2滑移，直至顶层限位组件23251的顶层门梁23251B抵接中层联动门体2324；驱动装置233继续驱动顶层联动门体2325朝第二方向F2滑移，并借由顶层联动门体2325带动中层联动门体2324朝第二方向F2联动滑移，直至中层限位组件23241的中层门梁23241B抵接固定门体2322。
需说明的是，开合机构23也可采用软性门(例如卷门)配合承重架的方式予以实现，其中，当开合机构23处于闭合状态时，开合机构23的承重架可与驻车机构21形成车辆通行路径，以供车辆借由车辆通行该路径驶入或驶离驻车机构21。
第二实施例
本申请第二实施例提供一种换电站。
请参阅图6和图7,本实施例提供的换电站3主要包括上述第一实施例所述的换电平台2、电池存储机构4以及电池接驳结构5。
于本实施例中，换电平台2用于提供在车辆上安装或拆卸电池，电池存储机构4用于存储电池，电池接驳机构5连接换电平台2和电池存储机构4，用于在换电平台2和电池存储机构4之间传输电池。
于本实施例中，电池存储机构4可包括两个电池存储架41A,41B以及设置在两个电池存储架41A,41B之间的升降装置42。
可选的，各电池存储架41A、41B各自包括呈叠设布置的多个电池仓 411，升降装置42可沿电池存储架41A、41B的垂直方向升降以与多个电池仓411中的一个对接。
可选的，在升降装置42的单侧也可并排布设多个电池存储架41A、41B，且升降装置42可沿电池存储架41A、41B的水平方向移动以与并排设置的多个电池存储架41A、41B中的一个对接。
例如，可在升降装置42下方加装导轨，以供升降装置42可沿着导轨在并排设置的多个电池存储架41A,41B之间移动，借以拓展电池仓411的容量。
电池接驳机构5可通过各种结构设计予以实现，例如，电池接驳机构5可为辊筒传输线、链条传输线、皮带传输线等传输机构，但并不以此为限，电池接驳机构5亦可通过导轨与接驳车相配合的方式予以显示，本申请对此不作限制。
于另一实施例中，换电站3还可包括分设于各电池仓411的充电装置(未示出)，用于电性连接存储于各电池仓411内的电池以进行充电。
如图6所示，于其他实施例中，换电站3还可配置电气室31和休息室32，其中，电气室31用于负责各充电装置的充电控制与管理，以及负责整个换电站3中各组成构件的运动逻辑控制，休息室32为提供换电站3的工作人员休息的区域。
第三实施例
图8示出了本申请第三实施例换电方法的主要步骤，本申请实施例提供的换电方法应用于上述第一实施例所述的换电平台2所实施，其主要包括以下步骤：
步骤S81，控制开合机构处于闭合状态，使得处于闭合状态下的开合机构与驻车机构形成车辆通行路径以供车辆驶入驻车机构。
步骤S82，当车辆驻停在驻车机构上之后，控制开合机构由闭合状态切换至开启状态，以供设置在容置机构内的电池拆装机构针对驻停在驻车机构上的车辆进行电池拆装操作。
可选的，可利用驻车机构上的车轮定位装置定位车辆的车轮，以使车辆定位于驻车机构的指定位置。
可选的，在利用容置机构内的电池拆装机构针对驻停在驻车机构上的车辆进行电池拆装操作之前，还可利用设置在容置机构中的车辆举升机构针 对驻车机构上的车辆进行微举升，以使车辆达到水平平行设置，再提供电池拆装机构针对呈水平平行设置的车辆进行电池拆装操作。
步骤S83，在电池拆装操作完成之后，控制开合机构由开启状态切换至闭合状态，使得处于闭合状态下的开合机构与驻车机构重新形成车辆通行路径，以供车辆驶离驻车机构。
综上所述，本申请实施例提供的换电平台，通过设置可在闭合状态与开启状态之间切换的开合机构，并借由呈闭合状态的开合机构与驻车机构共同形成车辆通行路径，以供车辆借由所形成的车辆通行路径驶入或驶离驻车机构，借此，通过将车辆通行路径的承重功能整合设计于开合机构上，可以降低换电平台其他设备的承重设计难度。
再者，借由开合机构结合容置机构的设计机制，可以将电池拆装机构转移至驻停在驻车机构上的车辆的下方，通过开启容置机构的开口，以使电池拆装机构从容置机构中伸出并针对车辆进行电池拆装操作。借此，本申请无需在驻停机构(停车平台)上为电池拆装机构预留移动空间，使得在进行电池拆装操作时，仅需轻微托举车辆，使得车辆呈水平平行设置状态即可，因此，驾乘人员无需离开车辆即可完成电池更换，可以提高车主的换车体验，且相较于现有技术需大幅度举升车辆至预设高度，本申请实施例可以显著降低车辆意外下坠的风险，提高了换电操作的安全性，并能减少车辆换电操作的总耗时。
最后应说明的是：以上实施例仅用以说明本申请实施例的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述实施例对本申请进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本申请各实施例技术方案的精神和范围。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种换电平台，其特征在于，包括：
    驻车机构，其提供驻停车辆；
    容置机构，其设置在驻停于所述驻车机构上的车辆的下方并具有开口；以及
    开合机构，其设置在所述容置机构上，并可相对于所述容置机构在闭合状态与开启状态之间切换；其中，
    当所述开合机构处于所述开启状态时可开启所述容置机构的开口；
    当所述开合机构处于所述闭合状态时可关闭所述容置机构的开口，并使处于闭合状态下的所述开合机构与所述驻车机构形成车辆通行路径，以供车辆借由所述车辆通行该路径驶入或驶离所述驻车机构。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的换电平台，其特征在于，所述开合机构具有：
    承载导向装置，其设于所述容置机构上并用于定义移动路径；以及
    两个开合装置，其分别架设在所述承载导向装置上，其中，所述两个开合装置可沿所述承载导向装置定义的移动路径相向移动，以使所述开合机构由所述开启状态切换至所述闭合状态，或可沿所述承载导向装置定义的移动路径相背移动，以使所述开合机构由所述闭合状态切换至所述开启状态。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的换电平台，其特征在于，所述开合机构具有：
    承载导向装置，其设于所述容置机构上并用于定义移动路径；以及
    一个开合装置，其架设在所述承载导向装置上，所述开合装置可沿所述承载导向装置定义的移动路径朝第一方向移动，以使所述开合机构由所述开启状态切换至所述闭合状态，或可沿所述承载导向装置定义的移动路径朝相反于所述第一方向的第二方向移动，以使所述开合机构由所述闭合状态切换至所述开启状态。
  4. 根据权利要求2或3中任一项所述的换电平台，其特征在于，
    所述承载导向装置包括两个滑轨，其分设在所述容置机构的开口的相对两侧，所述开合装置为跨设在所述两个滑轨上；
    所述开合机构还包括驱动装置，用于驱动所述开合装置沿所述承载导向装置定义的移动路径滑移。
  5. 根据权利要求2或3中任一项所述的换电平台，其特征在于，所述开合装置包括单层门体。
  6. 根据权利要求2或3中任一项所述的换电平台，其特征在于，所述开合装置包括：
    固定门体，其固定架设在所述承载导向装置上；
    联动门体，所述联动门体分别架设在所述固定门体以及所述承载导向装置上；其中，
    所述联动门体可沿所述承载导向装置定义的移动路径滑移，以使所述开合装置处于收缩状态或延伸状态，且当所述开合装置处于收缩状态时，所述开合机构处于所述开启状态，当所述开合装置处于所述延伸状态时，所述开合机构处于所述闭合状态。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的换电平台，其特征在于，当所述开合装置处于收缩状态时，所述联动门体叠设于所述固定门体上方并完全覆盖所述固定门体。
  8. 根据权利要求6所述的换电平台，其特征在于，所述联动门体包括中层联动门体和顶层联动门体，其中，所述中层联动门体架设在所述固定门体与所述承载导向装置上，所述顶层联动门体架设在所述中层联动门体与所述承载导向装置上；且其中，
    所述中层联动门体与所述顶层联动门体可沿所述承载导向装置定义的移动路径朝同一方向同步联动滑移，以使所述开合装置处于所述收缩状态或所述延伸状态，且当所述开合装置处于所述收缩状态时，所述中层联动门体叠设于所述固定门体上方并完全覆盖所述固定门体，所述顶层联动门体叠设于所述中层联动门体上方并完全覆盖所述中层联动门体。
  9. 一种换电站，其特征在于，包括：
    根据权利要求1至8中任一项所述的换电平台，用于提供在车辆上安装或拆卸电池；
    电池存储机构，用于存储电池；以及
    电池接驳机构，其连接所述换电平台与所述电池存储机构，用于在所述换电平台与所述电池存储机构之间传输电池。
  10. 一种换电方法，应用于根据权利要求1至8中任一项所述的换电平台，其特征在于，所述方法包括：
    控制所述开合机构处于所述闭合状态，使得处于闭合状态下的所述开合机构与所述驻车机构形成车辆通行路径，以供车辆驶入所述驻车机构；
    当车辆驻停于驻车机构上之后，控制所述开合机构由所述闭合状态切换至所述开启状态，以供设置在所述容置机构内的电池拆装机构针对驻停在所述驻车机构上的所述车辆进行电池拆装操作；以及
    在所述电池拆装操作完成之后，控制所述开合机构由所述开启状态切换至所述闭合状态，使得处于闭合状态下的所述开合机构与所述驻车机构重新形成车辆通行路径,以供所述车辆驶离所述驻车机构。
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