WO2021241622A1 - 電力変換回路、半導体装置および電子機器 - Google Patents
電力変換回路、半導体装置および電子機器 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2021241622A1 WO2021241622A1 PCT/JP2021/019949 JP2021019949W WO2021241622A1 WO 2021241622 A1 WO2021241622 A1 WO 2021241622A1 JP 2021019949 W JP2021019949 W JP 2021019949W WO 2021241622 A1 WO2021241622 A1 WO 2021241622A1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output
- H02M3/02—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC
- H02M3/04—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters
- H02M3/10—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M3/145—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/155—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/156—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
- H02M3/158—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/0003—Details of control, feedback or regulation circuits
- H02M1/0009—Devices or circuits for detecting current in a converter
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/0048—Circuits or arrangements for reducing losses
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/08—Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output
- H02M3/02—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC
- H02M3/04—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters
- H02M3/10—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M3/145—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/155—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/156—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
- H02M3/158—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
- H02M3/1582—Buck-boost converters
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a power conversion circuit, a semiconductor device and an electronic device.
- a power conversion circuit such as an AC (Alternating Current) -DC (Direct Current) converter or a DC-DC converter is used to convert the power generated by an energy harvesting device such as a vibration power generator. It is known that impedance matching is performed when the electric power generated by a vibration power generation device using a piezoelectric element is AC-DC converted (for example, Non-Patent Document 1).
- the input impedance of the power conversion circuit changes with the change of the input current, and it becomes difficult to match the output impedance of the environmental power generation device with the input impedance of the power conversion circuit.
- the input impedance is autonomously matched with the output impedance of the energy harvesting device in a step-up or step-down DC-DC converter in which the current flowing through the inductor is discontinuous. Therefore, the switching period is constant, and the inductance of the inductor is set to a predetermined value.
- Non-Patent Document 1 since power generation is assumed by an inorganic piezo element having a large capacitance component, a primary capacitor is not provided on the power conversion circuit side. However, depending on the energy harvesting device, a primary capacitor is provided at the input terminal of the power conversion circuit in order to stabilize the input voltage. For example, when an element having a small capacitance component such as an organic piezo element or a MEMS element is used, a primary capacitor may be provided.
- the preferred range of inductor inductance and primary capacitor capacitance to facilitate impedance matching when a primary capacitor is provided is unknown. If the impedance cannot be matched, the power conversion efficiency will decrease.
- Non-Patent Document 1 it may be difficult to set the inductance of the inductor within a predetermined range. For example, when the time fluctuation of the output of the power generation device is fast, it is necessary to set the switching frequency high in the method of making the switching cycle constant, and therefore the power consumption becomes high. When trying to reduce the power consumption, the inductance of the inductor deviates from a predetermined range, so that impedance matching may not be possible. If the impedances are not matched, the power conversion efficiency will decrease.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object thereof is to improve the power conversion efficiency.
- an input terminal to which an input current is input an output terminal to which an output voltage is output, a first capacitor having one end connected to the input terminal and the other end connected to a reference potential, and one end having the output terminal.
- a second capacitor connected to and the other end connected to a reference potential, one end connected to one end of the first capacitor, the other end connected to one end or the other end of the second capacitor, and the input current and Magnetic field energy is accumulated by flowing at least a part of the current output from the first capacitor as a first current, and the inductor that induces a second current for storing the second capacitor by the magnetic field energy is substantially constant.
- C1> 5 ⁇ T2 2 / (2 ⁇ L) can be configured.
- the input current can be a current generated by a vibration power generator.
- the output capacitance of the vibration power generation device when the output of the vibration power generation device is direct current, the output capacitance of the vibration power generation device is smaller than C1, and when the output of the vibration power generation device is alternating current, the output capacitance of the vibration power generation device is via a rectifying circuit.
- the output capacitance can be smaller than C1.
- the present invention includes a voltage conversion circuit that starts a voltage conversion operation that converts the input voltage and outputs it as an output voltage to the output terminal when the input voltage applied to the input terminal reaches the threshold voltage, and inputs the input to the input terminal.
- the threshold voltage when the current is large is a power conversion circuit higher than the threshold voltage when the input current is small.
- a setting circuit that sets the threshold voltage so that the threshold voltage when the input current is large is higher than the threshold voltage when the input current is small, based on the input current input to the input terminal.
- a determination circuit for determining whether or not the input voltage has reached the threshold voltage, and the power conversion circuit may be configured to start the voltage conversion operation based on the output of the determination circuit.
- one end is connected to the output terminal and the other end is connected to the reference potential, and one end is connected to the input terminal and the other end is one end and the other end of the capacitor.
- An inductor that is connected to either end of the capacitor and has at least a part of the input current flowing as a first current to store magnetic field energy and induces a second current by the magnetic field energy, and an inductor that is turned on to induce a second current.
- a control circuit for turning on the switching element when the input voltage reaches the threshold voltage can be provided.
- the output impedance of the power source connected to the input terminal is Zout and the threshold voltage when the input current input to the input terminal is Iin is Vth, 0.3 ⁇ Zout ⁇ Vth / Iin.
- the configuration can be ⁇ 3 ⁇ Zout.
- the present invention is a semiconductor device including the power conversion circuit and a functional circuit related to the power conversion circuit.
- the present invention is an electronic device including the power conversion circuit and a functional unit to which power is supplied from the power conversion circuit.
- the power conversion efficiency can be improved.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a vibration power generation system using a power conversion circuit according to Examples 1 and 2 and a modification thereof.
- FIG. 2 is an example schematically showing the vibration applied to the vibration power generator, and is an example showing the acceleration with respect to time.
- 3 (a) to 3 (c) are circuit diagrams showing an example of the power conversion circuit used in the first embodiment.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing on and off of the switching element with respect to time in the first embodiment and the current IL flowing through the inductor.
- FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram of the power conversion circuit according to the first modification of the first embodiment.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram showing on and off, each current and voltage of the switching element with respect to time in the first modification of the first embodiment.
- FIG. 7 is a circuit diagram of the power conversion circuit according to the second embodiment.
- FIG. 8 is a circuit diagram showing a current detection circuit according to the second embodiment.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram showing on and off, each current and voltage of the switching element with respect to time in the second embodiment.
- 10 (a) is a block diagram of the semiconductor device according to the third embodiment, and
- FIG. 10 (b) is a block diagram of the electronic device according to the first modification of the third embodiment.
- the power conversion circuit according to the first embodiment has a primary capacitor.
- a preferable range such as the inductance of the inductor and the capacitance of the primary capacitor will be described.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a vibration power generation system using a power conversion circuit according to Examples 1 and 2 and a modified example thereof.
- the power conversion circuit includes a voltage conversion circuit 10 and a control circuit 20 and the like described later in FIGS. 3 (a) to 3 (c) and the like. Capacitors C01 and C02 are included in the voltage conversion circuit 10, but are shown outside the voltage conversion circuit 10 in FIG.
- the vibration power generation system includes a vibration power generation device 14, a rectifier circuit 12, and a voltage conversion circuit 10.
- the vibration power generation device 14 is provided on, for example, a road or a bridge, and generates power by vibration when passing by a pedestrian, a vehicle, or the like.
- the rectifier circuit 12 rectifies the generated power.
- the voltage conversion circuit 10 converts the voltage of the rectified electric power.
- the primary capacitor C01 is connected to the input terminal Tin of the voltage conversion circuit 10, and the secondary capacitor C02 is connected to the output terminal Tout.
- the input current Iin is input to the input terminal Tin from the rectifier circuit 12.
- the voltage conversion circuit 10 converts the voltage V1 of the input terminal Tin into the voltage V2.
- the output voltage V2 is output from the output terminal Tout.
- the input impedance of the voltage conversion circuit 10 is Zin, and the output impedance of the vibration power generation device 14 via the rectifier circuit 12 is Zout.
- FIG. 2 is an example schematically showing the vibration applied to the vibration power generator, and is an example showing the acceleration with respect to time.
- FIG. 2 shows vibration when a pedestrian walks. As shown in FIG. 2, accelerations of various periods and frequencies are applied to the vibration power generator 14. As a result, the electric power output by the vibration power generation device 14 changes from moment to moment.
- the vibration power generation device 14 includes, for example, a vibrator that vibrates due to the vibration of the environment and a power generation element that converts the vibration of the vibrator into electric power.
- the power generation element is an inorganic piezoelectric element using an inorganic piezoelectric material such as PZT (lead zirconate titanate), for example, an organic piezoelectric element using an organic piezoelectric material such as PVDF (polyfluorovinylidene), or a MEMS (Micro Electro Mechanical). It is a MEMS element using Systems).
- the impedance Z of the inorganic piezoelectric element and the organic piezoelectric element has a large capacitance component Co, and Zo ⁇ 1 / i ⁇ Co.
- the Co of the inorganic piezoelectric element and the organic piezoelectric element is about 100 nF and about 1 nF, respectively.
- ⁇ / 2 ⁇ is the frequency of the output current of the piezoelectric element
- typical ⁇ / 2 ⁇ of the inorganic piezoelectric element is about 100 Hz, for example, 10 Hz to 1 kHz.
- the typical ⁇ / 2 ⁇ of the organic piezoelectric element is about 10 Hz, for example, 1 Hz to 100 Hz. Even if the vibration frequency in FIG.
- the ⁇ differs between the organic piezoelectric element and the inorganic piezoelectric element due to the difference in the resonance frequency of the vibrator and the like.
- the resistance component Ro is dominant, and Zo ⁇ Ro.
- the typical value of Ro of the MEMS element is about 1 M ⁇ .
- a typical ⁇ / 2 ⁇ of a MEMS element is about 100 Hz.
- the voltage V1 is relatively easy to stabilize even if the primary capacitor C01 is not provided.
- the voltage V1 is stabilized by providing the primary capacitor C01.
- the input impedance Zin of the voltage conversion circuit 10 is given by Equation 1.
- Zin (Iin / V1 + i ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ C1) -1 (Formula 1)
- ⁇ is the angular frequency of the fluctuation of the input current Iin.
- ⁇ corresponds to the angular frequency component of the vibration of the vibrator that vibrates in response to the acceleration shown in FIG. i is an imaginary unit.
- C1 is the capacitance of the capacitor C01.
- FIG. 3 (a) to 3 (c) are circuit diagrams showing an example of the power conversion circuit used in the first embodiment.
- FIG. 3A is a circuit diagram of a step-down DC-DC converter
- FIG. 3B is a circuit diagram of a step-up DC-DC converter
- FIG. 3C is an inverting DC-DC. It is a circuit diagram of a converter.
- the power conversion circuit includes a voltage conversion circuit 10 and a control circuit 20.
- nodes N1 to N3 are provided between the input terminal Tin and the output terminal Tout.
- One end of the capacitor C01 is connected to the node N1 and the other end is connected to the ground (reference potential).
- One end of the capacitor C02 is connected to the node N2, and the other end is connected to the ground (reference potential).
- the control circuit 20 outputs control signals S1 and S2 to the switching elements SW1 and SW2, respectively.
- control circuit 20 may be a dedicated logic circuit or a processor operated by software.
- one end of the inductor L0 is connected to the node N3 and the other end is connected to the node N2.
- One end of the switching element SW1 is connected to the node N1 and the other end is connected to the node N3.
- One end of the switching element SW2 is connected to the node N3, and the other end is connected to the ground.
- the voltage V2 is a voltage lower than the voltage V1.
- the switching elements SW1 and SW2 are turned off and on, respectively.
- the current I2 flows from the ground to the inductor L0 due to the magnetic field energy stored in the inductor L0 and reaches the node N2.
- the voltage V2 is maintained at a desired value.
- one end of the inductor L0 is connected to the node N1 and the other end is connected to the node N3.
- One end of the switching element SW1 is connected to the node N3, and the other end is connected to the ground.
- One end of the switching element SW2 is connected to the node N3, and the other end is connected to the node N2.
- the voltage V2 is higher than the voltage V1.
- the current I2 flows from the node N1 to the inductor L0 and reaches the node N2 due to the magnetic field energy stored in the inductor L0.
- the voltage V2 is maintained at a desired value.
- one end of the inductor L0 is connected to the node N3 and the other end is connected to the ground.
- One end of the switching element SW1 is connected to the node N1 and the other end is connected to the node N3.
- One end of the switching element SW2 is connected to the node N3, and the other end is connected to the node N2.
- the voltage V2 is a voltage whose sign is inverted from that of the voltage V1.
- the current I2 flows from the node N2 to the inductor L0 due to the magnetic field energy stored in the inductor L0 and reaches the ground.
- the voltage V2 is maintained at a desired value.
- at least a part of the input current Iin may be added to the current I1 in addition to the current output from the capacitor C01.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing on and off of the switching element with respect to time in the first embodiment and the current IL flowing through the inductor. As the current IL flowing through the inductor L0, the current I1 is shown by a solid line and the current I2 is shown by a broken line.
- the control circuit 20 controls the switching elements SW1 and SW2 to be turned off before the time t1.
- the control circuit 20 controls to turn on the switching element SW1 and keep the switching element SW2 off.
- the current IL increases between times t1 and t2.
- the rate of increase of the current IL is ⁇ VL / L.
- ⁇ VL is the voltage difference between both ends of the inductor L0.
- ⁇ VL V1-V2.
- Magnetic field energy is stored in the inductor L0.
- the control circuit 20 controls to turn off the switching element SW1 and turn on the switching element SW2.
- the timing at which the switching element SW1 is turned off and the timing at which the switching element SW2 is turned on may be slightly different.
- the magnetic field energy stored in the inductor L0 is converted into the current IL, and the current I2 flows.
- the current I2 decreases with time.
- the control circuit 20 turns off the switching element SW2 and controls to keep the switching element SW1 off.
- the on / off cycle of the switching elements SW1 and SW2 is T1 (switching cycle), the length of the on period of the switching element SW1 is T2, and the length of the on period of the switching element SW2 is T3.
- the output impedance Zout (that is, the combined impedance of the rectifier circuit 12 and the vibration power generation device 14) when the vibration power generation device 14 is viewed from the input terminal Tin of the voltage conversion circuit 10 via the rectifier circuit 12 is substantially a resistance component. It has been adjusted to. Therefore, the resistance component Re (Zin) of the input impedance Zin of the voltage conversion circuit 10 is matched with the output impedance Zout of the vibration power generation device 14, and the reactance component Im (Zin) of the input impedance Zin of the voltage conversion circuit 10 is matched with the resistance component Re. Make it smaller than (Zin). As a result, the input impedance Zin of the voltage conversion circuit 10 can be matched with the output impedance Zout of the vibration power generation device 14.
- the input current Iin is the average value of the current I1.
- the input current Iin is the average value of the current I1.
- the input current Iin is a value obtained by multiplying the average current of the current I1 in the period T2 by T2 / T1.
- the input impedance Zin does not depend on the input current Iin.
- the inductance L of the period T1, the period T2, and the inductor L0 is appropriately set so that the input impedance Zin shown in the formula 4 or the formula 5 substantially matches the output impedance Zout of the vibration power generation device 14.
- the input impedance Zin is the equation 5
- the values of the inductance L of the inductor L0, the period T1 and the period T2 are set so that the output impedance Zout is expressed as shown in the equation 6.
- Zout (2 ⁇ L ⁇ T1) / T2 2 (Formula 6)
- the value of the inductance L of the inductor L0 is set at the time of design, and the values of the period T1 and the period T2 are reflected in the parameters that control the on / off timing of the switching elements SW1 and SW2 by the control circuit 20.
- the input impedance Zin of the voltage conversion circuit 10 can be matched with the output impedance Zout of the vibration power generation device 14 regardless of the magnitude of the input current Iin.
- the inductance L, the period T1 and the period T2 are 0.3 ⁇ ((2 ⁇ L ⁇ T1) / T2 2 ) ⁇ Zout ⁇ 3 ⁇ ((2 ⁇ L). It is preferable to set in the range of ⁇ T1) / T2 2 ), and 0.5 ⁇ ((2 ⁇ L ⁇ T1) / T2 2 ) ⁇ Zout ⁇ 1.5 ⁇ ((2 ⁇ L ⁇ T1) / T2 2). ) Is more preferable. As a result, the input impedance Zin matches the output impedance Zout, and the power conversion efficiency is improved.
- the Zin of the input impedance can be set so as not to depend on the input current Iin. Therefore, by appropriately setting each value, the input impedance Zin of the voltage conversion circuit 10 can be autonomously matched with the output impedance Zout of the vibration power generation device 14.
- the period T3 is substantially constant in addition to the period T2.
- Equation 1 when ⁇ ⁇ C1 is larger than Iin / V1, ⁇ ⁇ C1 becomes an obstacle to impedance matching even if the input impedance Zin of Equations 4 and 5 is matched with the output impedance Zout. Therefore, it is preferable that Iin / V1 is sufficiently larger than ⁇ ⁇ C1. That is, it is preferable that the formula 7 is used. 1 / ( ⁇ ⁇ C1) ⁇ V1 / Iin (Formula 7) Equation 8 is preferable to Equations 5 and 7. C1 ⁇ (T2 2 / (2 ⁇ L)) / ( ⁇ ⁇ T1) (Formula 8)
- C1 ⁇ (T2 2 / (2 ⁇ L)) / ( ⁇ ⁇ T1) is preferable, C1 ⁇ (T2 2 / (2 ⁇ L)) / ( ⁇ ⁇ T1) / 5 is more preferable, and C1 ⁇ (T2 2 / (2 ⁇ L)) / ( ⁇ ⁇ T1) / 10 is more preferable.
- impedance matching between the output impedance Zout of the vibration power generation device 14 and the input impedance Zin of the voltage conversion circuit 10 becomes easy.
- the fluctuation amount ⁇ V1 of the voltage V1 can be obtained by Equation 9.
- Equation 11 C1> T2 2 / (2 ⁇ L) is preferable, C1> 5 ⁇ T2 2 / (2 ⁇ L) is more preferable, and C1> 10 ⁇ T2 2 / (2 ⁇ L) is further preferable. Thereby, the fluctuation of the voltage V1 can be reduced.
- T1 ⁇ 1 / ⁇ .
- T1 is preferably 300 ⁇ s or less.
- a fraction of T1 is appropriate for T2, for example, 100 ⁇ s.
- L and C1 from Equation 8 and 11, T2 2 / 2 «L ⁇ C1 «T2 2 / should satisfy (2 ⁇ T1 ⁇ ⁇ ).
- L 100 mH
- C1 150 nF is preferable.
- FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram of the power conversion circuit according to the first modification of the first embodiment.
- the power conversion circuit of the first modification of the first embodiment includes a voltage conversion circuit 10a and a control circuit 20a.
- One end of the switching element SW1 is connected to the node N1 and the other end is connected to the node N3a.
- One end of the inductor L0 is connected to the node N3a, and the other end is connected to the node N3b.
- One end of the switching element SW4 is connected to the node N3b, and the other end is connected to the node N2.
- the control circuit 20a outputs control signals S1 to S4 for turning on and off the switching elements SW1 to SW4, respectively.
- Other circuit configurations are the same as those in FIGS. 3 (a) to 3 (c) of the first embodiment, and the description thereof will be omitted.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram showing on and off of the switching element, each current and voltage with respect to time in the first modification of the first embodiment.
- the input current Iin changes every moment, but in FIG. 6, an example in which the input current Iin increases uniformly will be described.
- the control circuit 20a controls the switching elements SW1 to SW4 to be turned off until the time t1.
- the currents I1 and I2 are 0. Since the input current Iin charges the capacitor C01, the voltage V1 gradually increases.
- the control circuit 20a controls the switching elements SW1 and SW3 to be turned on and the switching elements SW2 and SW4 to be kept off. Between the times t1 and t2, the current I1 gradually increases. Since the capacitor C01 is discharged, the voltage V1 gradually decreases.
- the control circuit 20a controls to turn off the switching elements SW1 and SW3 and turn on the switching elements SW2 and SW4.
- the magnitudes of the current I1 immediately before the time t2 and the current I2 immediately after the time t2 are almost the same.
- the control circuit 20a controls to turn off the switching elements SW2 and SW4 and keep the switching elements SW1 and SW3 off.
- the currents I1 and I2 do not flow between the times t3 and t1', and the voltage V1 gradually increases.
- the switching elements SW1 and SW3 are turned on.
- the switching cycle T1, the period T2 in which the switching elements SW1 and SW3 are turned on, and the period T3 in which the switching elements SW2 and SW4 are turned on are substantially constant.
- the voltage V1 gradually increases while repeating up and down.
- one end of the inductor L0 is connected to one end of the capacitor C01 (first capacitor), and the other end is a capacitor. It is connected to one end of the C02 (second capacitor) on the node N2 side or the other end on the ground side.
- Magnetic field energy is stored in the inductor L0 by allowing at least a part of the input current Iin and the current output from the capacitor C01 to flow as the current I1 (first current).
- the capacitor C02 is stored by the current I2 (second current) induced by the magnetic field energy.
- the switching elements SW1 and SW2 are turned on and off in a substantially constant cycle T1, and the period T2 that is turned on during one cycle is substantially constant.
- the switching element SW1 switching elements SW1 and SW3 in the modification 1 of the first embodiment
- the current I1 flows through the inductor L0
- the switching element SW1 modification example 1 of the first embodiment
- the switching elements SW1 and SW3 are turned off.
- the input impedance Zin can be kept constant even if the input current Iin fluctuates. Therefore, the power conversion efficiency can be improved.
- the period T1, the period T2 and the period T3 are substantially constant, which allows a fluctuation of about ⁇ 20% or ⁇ 10%.
- ⁇ is an angular frequency corresponding to the vibration frequency of the vibration power generator 14.
- ⁇ is an angular frequency corresponding to the resonance frequency of the vibration power generation device 14.
- the vibration power generation device 14 has a resonance frequency
- ⁇ is an angular frequency corresponding to the resonance frequency of the vibration power generation device 14.
- the angular frequency corresponding to the resonance frequency having the largest input current Iin is defined as ⁇ .
- the anharmonic oscillator is vibrated in advance for this purpose, the input current Iin is measured, and the angular frequency corresponding to the largest peak from the result of Fourier series expansion is set to ⁇ .
- the voltage conversion circuit 10 or 10a is used for power conversion of an environmental power generation device such as a solar cell or a wind power generation device. May be good.
- the rectifier circuit 12 can be omitted.
- the amount of power generated by the energy harvesting device is liable to fluctuate, and the input impedance of the voltage conversion circuit 10 or 10a is liable to fluctuate.
- the input impedance of the voltage conversion circuit 10 or 10a can be matched with the output impedance of the energy harvesting device.
- the voltage conversion circuit 10 or 10a of Example 1 and its modifications may be used for other purposes.
- the capacitance of the vibration power generation device 14 is small, such as an organic piezoelectric element or a MEMS element, a primary capacitor C01 is provided to stabilize the voltage V1. Therefore, it is preferable that the range of the capacitance C1 of the capacitor C01 is the range of the equations 7 and 10. In this case, when the output of the vibration power generation device 14 is direct current, the output capacitance of the vibration power generation device 14 is smaller than the capacitance C1. Further, when the output of the vibration power generation device 14 is alternating current, the output capacitance of the vibration power generation device 14 via the rectifier circuit is smaller than that of C1.
- Example 2 for solving the second problem will be described.
- the period T1 and the period T2 are set to be constant, and the inductance L and the capacitance C1 are set so as to satisfy the equations 8 and 11.
- the switching frequency may become too high and the power consumption may increase.
- the period T1 and the period T2 do not have to be constant. Further, it is not necessary to set the inductance L and the capacitance C1 so as to satisfy the equations 8 and 11.
- Example 2 is an example of a step-down DC-DC converter.
- FIG. 7 is a circuit diagram of the power conversion circuit according to the second embodiment. As shown in FIG. 7, the comparator 22 outputs a high level as the voltage Vdc when the voltage V1 is equal to or higher than the threshold voltage Vth, and outputs a low level as the voltage Vdc when the voltage V1 is smaller than the threshold voltage Vth.
- the Vth setting circuit 24 sets the threshold voltage Vth based on the value of the input current Iin detected by the current detection circuit described later with reference to FIG.
- the control circuit 20b starts generating the control signals S1 and S2 when the voltage Vdc becomes high level. As a result, the voltage conversion circuit 10b starts the voltage conversion operation.
- Other circuit configurations are the same as those in FIG. 3A of the first embodiment, and the description thereof will be omitted.
- FIG. 8 is a circuit diagram showing a current detection circuit according to the second embodiment.
- the NFET M1 is connected between the capacitor C01 and the ground.
- the source of the NFET M1 is connected to the ground, the drain is connected to the node N4, and the gate is supplied with, for example, 1 V as the power supply voltage VDD.
- NFETM1 functions as a shunt resistor.
- the current detection circuit 26 includes a plurality of diodes D1 to D8 and comparators 25a to 25c.
- the diodes D1 to D8 are connected in series in the forward direction between the power supply terminal to which the power supply voltage VDD is supplied and the ground.
- Nodes N5a to N5c are provided at predetermined positions between the power supply terminal and the ground.
- the node N5a is located between the diodes D1 and the power supply terminal
- the node N5b is located between the diodes D4 and D5
- the node N5c is located between the diodes D7 and D8.
- Nodes N4 and nodes N5a to N5c are connected to the input terminals of the comparators 25a to 25c, respectively.
- the signals Va to Vc output by the comparators 25a to 25c are output to the Vth setting circuit 24.
- the current Im1 flows from the capacitor C01 to the ground via the NFET M1 in order to balance the amount of charge between the electrodes of the capacitor C01. If the current flowing from the capacitor C01 to the voltage conversion circuit is not taken into consideration, the current Im1 is substantially equal to the input current Iin.
- the potential V4 of the node N4 increases.
- the potential V5a of the node N5a is VDD
- the potential V5b of the node N5b is 5/8 ⁇ VDD
- the potential V5c of the node N5c is 1/8 ⁇ VDD.
- the potentials V5a to V5c can be arbitrarily set depending on the power supply voltage, the number of diodes D1 to D8, and the positions of the nodes N5a to N5c.
- the comparators 25a to 25c compare the potentials of the nodes N4 and the nodes N5a to N5c, respectively.
- the comparators 25a to 25c output high levels as signals Va to Vc when the potential of the node N4 is higher than the potential of the nodes N5a to N5c.
- the comparators 25a to 25c output low levels as signals Va to Vc when the potential of the node N4 is lower than the potential of the nodes N5a to N5c.
- the Vth setting circuit 24 sets the threshold voltage Vth to the smallest Vth1.
- the Vth setting circuit 24 sets the threshold voltage Vth to Vth2, which is higher than Vth1.
- the Vth setting circuit 24 sets the threshold voltage Vth to Vth3, which is higher than Vth2.
- the signals Va to Vc are all at high levels.
- the Vth setting circuit 24 sets the threshold voltage Vth to Vth4, which is higher than Vth3.
- the threshold voltage Vth can be set based on the input current Iin.
- the number of nodes N5a to N5c and the number of comparators 25a to 25c can be arbitrarily set.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram showing on and off, each current and voltage of the switching element with respect to time in the second embodiment.
- the Vth setting circuit 24 generates Vth so that the threshold voltage Vth increases as the input current Iin increases.
- the Vth setting circuit 24 sets the threshold voltage Vth to Vth1 when the input current Iin is in the range of Iin1, sets the threshold voltage Vth to Vth2 when the input current Iin is in the range of Iin2, and sets the threshold voltage Vth when the input current Iin is in the range of Iin3.
- the threshold voltage Vth is set so as to be approximately Zout ⁇ Iin.
- the Vth setting circuit 24 (setting circuit) preferably sets the threshold voltage Vth to 0.3 ⁇ Zout ⁇ Vth / Iin ⁇ 3 ⁇ Zout, and 0.5 ⁇ Zout ⁇ Vth / Iin ⁇ 1. It is more preferable to set it to be 5 ⁇ Zout. As a result, the input impedance Zin matches the output impedance Zout, and the power conversion efficiency is improved.
- the control circuit 20b controls the switching elements SW1 and SW2 to be turned off.
- the currents I1 and I2 are 0. Since the input current Iin charges the capacitor C01, the voltage V1 gradually increases. At time t1, when the voltage V1 reaches the threshold voltage Vth, the voltage Vdc becomes a high level.
- the control circuit 20b controls the switching element SW1 to be turned on and the switching element SW2 to be kept off during the period T2 after the voltage Vdc becomes high level. Between the times t1 and t2, the current I1 gradually increases. The voltage V1 gradually decreases.
- the control circuit 20b controls the switching element SW2 to be turned on and the switching element SW1 to be turned off.
- the current I1 becomes 0.
- the control circuit 20b turns off the switching element SW2 and controls to keep the switching element SW1 off.
- the currents I1 and I2 are zero.
- the voltage V1 gradually increases.
- the voltage Vdc becomes a high level.
- the threshold voltage Vth becomes Vth2, which is larger than Vth1.
- the threshold voltage Vth becomes Vth3, which is larger than Vth2.
- the voltage V1 increases as the input current Iin increases.
- the threshold voltage Vth is about the same as Zout ⁇ Iin, the voltage V1 becomes approximately Zout ⁇ Iin.
- the voltage conversion circuit 10b starts a voltage conversion operation of converting the input voltage V1 and outputting it to the output terminal Tout as the output voltage V2. do.
- the threshold voltage Vth when the input current Iin input to the input terminal Tin is large is higher than the threshold voltage Vth when the input current Iin is small.
- the threshold voltage Vth changes when the input current Iin fluctuates the change in the input impedance Zin can be reduced even if the input current Iin fluctuates. Therefore, the input impedance Zin can be matched with the output impedance Zout of the vibration power generation device 14. Therefore, the power conversion efficiency can be improved.
- the input impedance Zin can be matched with the output impedance Zout of the vibration power generation device 14. More preferably, 0.5 ⁇ Zout ⁇ Vth / Iin ⁇ 1.5 ⁇ Zout.
- the Vth setting circuit 24 is based on the input current Iin, and the threshold voltage Vth2 in the range of Iin2 where the input current Iin is large is the threshold voltage when the input current Iin is in the range of Iin1 which is small.
- the threshold voltage Vth is set so as to be higher than the voltage Vth1.
- the comparator 22 determines whether or not the input voltage V1 has reached the threshold voltage Vth.
- the voltage conversion circuit 10b starts a voltage conversion operation based on the output of the comparator 22. Thereby, the input impedance Zin can be matched with the output impedance Zout of the vibration power generation device 14. Therefore, the power conversion efficiency can be improved.
- a step-down DC-DC converter has been described as an example in Example 2, a step-up DC-DC converter or an inverting DC-DC converter as shown in FIGS. 3 (b) and 3 (c) may be used. That is, in the voltage conversion circuit 10b, one end of the inductor L0 is connected to the input terminal Tin, and the other end is connected to either one end of the capacitor C02 (second capacitor) or the other end. Magnetic field energy is stored in the inductor L0 when at least a part of the input current Iin flows as a current I1 (first current), and the capacitor C02 is stored by the current I2 (second current) induced by the magnetic field energy. .. When the switching element SW1 is turned on, the current I1 flows through the inductor L0, and when the current I2 flows through the inductor L0, the switching element SW1 is turned off.
- the control circuit 20b turns on the switching element SW1 when the input voltage V1 reaches the threshold voltage Vth. As a result, the voltage conversion operation of the voltage conversion circuit 10b is started.
- the Vth setting circuit 24 may set the threshold voltage Vth based on the information related to the input current Iin. ..
- the amplitude information of the MEMS element correlates with the output current amount of the MEMS element. Therefore, the Vth setting circuit 24 may set the threshold voltage Vth based on the amplitude information of the MEMS element.
- the MEMS element has a main MEMS oscillator that outputs power as an input current of a power conversion circuit, and a sensing MEMS oscillator having an amplitude similar to that of the main MEMS oscillator, and has a sensing MEMS vibration.
- the output current of the child may be changed into a voltage signal by a shunt resistance or the like, and may be used as amplitude information.
- the capacitance C1 of the capacitor C01 is limited.
- the capacitance C1 can be applied without limitation.
- the impedance is positively matched, the impedance matching is easier than in the first embodiment and the first modification thereof, and the power conversion efficiency is easily improved.
- the comparator 22 since the comparator 22 is used, the power consumption is large and the generated power of the vibration power generation device 14 is small (for example, when it is 100 nW or less), it may be difficult to apply. Since the comparator 22 does not have to be used in the first embodiment and the first modification thereof, it is easy to apply the case where the power consumption is small and the power generated by the vibration power generation device 14 is small (for example, when the power generation is 100 nW or less).
- the vibration power generation device 14 has been described as an example as the power source, but the power source may be another power generation device or the like.
- the power conversion circuit of Examples 1 and 2 and a modification thereof may be a SEPIC (Single-Ended Primary Inductor Converter) converter, a ZETA circuit, a Cuk circuit, a step-up chopper circuit, or a step-down chopper circuit.
- SEPIC Single-Ended Primary Inductor Converter
- the switching elements SW1 to SW4 are transistors such as FETs (Field Effect Transistors), IGBTs (Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistors), and bipolar transistors.
- the control signals S1 to S4 are input to the gate or the base.
- the control signals S1 to S4 turn on and off between the source and drain of the switching elements SW1 to SW4 or between the emitter and collector.
- the switching elements SW2 and SW4 may be diodes.
- Example 3 is an example of a semiconductor device equipped with the power conversion circuits of Examples 1 and 2.
- FIG. 10A is a block diagram of the semiconductor device according to the third embodiment.
- the semiconductor device 30 includes a power conversion circuit 32, an input unit 34, a functional circuit 36, and an output unit 38.
- the semiconductor device 30 is, for example, a semiconductor chip or a package on which a semiconductor chip is mounted.
- the power conversion circuit 32 is the power conversion circuit according to the first or second embodiment.
- the input unit 34 is, for example, a terminal provided on a pad or a package provided on a semiconductor chip, and power is supplied from an external device such as a vibration power generator.
- the output unit 38 is, for example, a terminal provided on a pad or a package provided on a semiconductor chip, and supplies the electric power converted by the power conversion circuit 32 to an external device.
- the functional circuit 36 is a circuit related to the power conversion circuit, and includes, for example, at least a part of the control circuits 20, 20a, 20b, the Vth setting circuit 24, and the current detection circuit 26 that control the power conversion circuit.
- the semiconductor device 30 is a semiconductor chip
- a transistor, a capacitor, and an inductor constituting the switch of the power conversion circuit 32 are formed on a semiconductor substrate such as a silicon substrate. Further, at least a part of the transistor, the diode, and the passive element constituting the functional circuit 36 are formed on the semiconductor substrate.
- the semiconductor chip When the semiconductor device 30 is a package on which a semiconductor chip is mounted, the semiconductor chip includes a transistor constituting a switch of the power conversion circuit 32, control circuits 20, 20a, 20b as functional circuits 36, a Vth setting circuit 24, and a current detection circuit 26. At least a part of the transistors, diodes and passive elements constituting the above are formed. At least a part of the power conversion circuit 32 that is not formed on the semiconductor chip (for example, an inductor and a capacitor) may be mounted on the package.
- Modification 1 of the third embodiment is an example of an electronic device equipped with the power conversion circuits of the first and second embodiments.
- FIG. 10B is a block diagram of the electronic device according to the first modification of the third embodiment.
- the electronic device 40 is an electronic device that functions by an environmental power generation device such as a vibration power generation device, and is an environmental measurement device such as a street light, a display board, or a rain gauge.
- the electronic device 40 includes the power conversion circuit 42, the input unit 44, the functional unit 46, and the capacitor 48 of the first and second embodiments.
- the power conversion circuit 42 is the voltage conversion circuit 10, 10a or 10b according to the first or second embodiment.
- the input unit 44 is, for example, a terminal, and power is supplied from an external device such as a vibration power generator.
- the storage device 48 is, for example, a secondary battery or a capacitor, and stores the electric power converted by the power conversion circuit 42. The electric power converted by the power conversion circuit 42 or the electric power stored in the capacitor 48 is supplied to the functional unit 46 to exert its function.
- the power conversion circuit 32 may be mounted on the semiconductor device 30.
- the electronic device 40 may include a power conversion circuit 42. This improves the power efficiency of the electronic device 40.
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Abstract
Description
Zin=(Iin/V1+i×ω×C1)-1 (数式1)
ωは入力電流Iinの変動の角周波数である。ωは例えば図2の加速度を受けて振動する振動子の振動の角周波数成分に相当する。iは虚数単位である。C1はキャパシタC01のキャパシタンスである。振動発電装置14の整流回路12を介した出力インピーダンスZoutと1次キャパシタC01を有する電圧変換回路10の入力インピーダンスZinとを整合させる場合、キャパシタC01のキャパシタンスC1を考慮することが重要である。
電圧変換回路10の入力端子Tinから整流回路12を介して振動発電装置14をみたときの出力インピーダンスZout(すなわち、整流回路12と振動発電装置14との合わさったインピーダンス)はほぼ抵抗成分となるように調整されている。このため、電圧変換回路10の入力インピーダンスZinの抵抗成分Re(Zin)を振動発電装置14の出力インピーダンスZoutに整合させ、電圧変換回路10の入力インピーダンスZinのリアクタンス成分Im(Zin)を抵抗成分Re(Zin)に比べ小さくする。これにより、電圧変換回路10の入力インピーダンスZinを振動発電装置14の出力インピーダンスZoutに整合させることができる。
Iin=1/2×I1(t2)×T2/T1 (数式2)
ここで、インダクタL0のインダクタンスをLとすると、I1(t2)=T2×ΔVL/Lである。よって、数式2の入力電流Iinは数式3となる。
Iin=(T22×ΔVL)/(2×L×T1) (数式3)
Zin=V1/Iin=(2×L×T1)/T22×V1/ΔVL (数式4)
Zin=V1/Iin=(2×L×T1)/T22 (数式5)
Zout=(2×L×T1)/T22 (数式6)
インダクタL0のインダクタンスLの値は設計の際に設定し、周期T1および期間T2の値は制御回路20によるスイッチング素子SW1およびSW2のオンオフのタイミングを制御するパラメータに反映させる。これにより、入力電流Iinの大きさによらず、電圧変換回路10の入力インピーダンスZinを振動発電装置14の出力インピーダンスZoutに整合させることができる。
数式1において、ω×C1がIin/V1より大きい場合、数式4および5の入力インピーダンスZinを出力インピーダンスZoutに合わせてもω×C1がインピーダンス整合の障害になる。そこで、Iin/V1がω×C1より充分大きいことが好ましい。すなわち、数式7であることが好ましい。
1/(ω×C1)≫V1/Iin (数式7)
数式5および7より数式8であることが好ましい。
C1≪(T22/(2×L))/(ω×T1) (数式8)
キャパシタC01のキャパシタンスC1が小さい場合には、電圧V1が変動し易くなる。キャパシタC01から放出される電荷量をQ1とすると、電圧V1の変動量ΔV1=Q1/C1である。電荷量Q1は、図3(a)の降圧型DC-DCコンバータおよび図3(c)の反転型DC-DCコンバータでは電流I1に相当する電荷であり、図3(b)の昇圧型DC-DCコンバータでは電流I1およびI2に相当する電荷である。電荷量Q1は電流I1に相当する電荷とすると、電圧V1の変動量ΔV1は数式9により求められる。
ΔV1=Q1/C1=1/2×I1(t2)×T2/C1 (数式9)
電圧V1の変動量ΔV1は電圧V1より十分小さいことが好ましい。よって、ΔV1≪V1とし、I1(t2)=T2×ΔVL/Lを数式9に代入すると、数式10となる。
T22×ΔVL/(2×L×C1)≪V1 (数式10)
C1≫T22/(2×L) (数式11)
実施例1の変形例1は、昇降圧DC-DCコンバータの例である。図5は、実施例1の変形例1に係る電力変換回路の回路図である。図5に示すように、実施例1の変形例1の電力変換回路は、電圧変換回路10aおよび制御回路20aを備えている。スイッチング素子SW1の一端はノードN1に接続され、他端はノードN3aに接続されている。インダクタL0の一端はノードN3aに接続され、他端はノードN3bに接続されている。スイッチング素子SW4の一端はノードN3bに接続され、他端はノードN2に接続されている。スイッチング素子SW2の一端はノードN3aに接続され、他端は接地されている。スイッチング素子SW3の一端はノードN3bに接続され、他端は接地されている。制御回路20aは、スイッチング素子SW1~SW4をそれぞれオンおよびオフさせる制御信号S1~S4を出力する。その他の回路構成は実施例1の図3(a)から図3(c)と同じであり説明を省略する。
実施例3の変形例1は、実施例1および2の電力変換回路を搭載した電子機器の例である。図10(b)は、実施例3の変形例1に係る電子機器のブロック図である。電子機器40は、例えば振動発電装置等の環境発電装置により機能する電子機器であり、例えば街灯、表示板または雨量計などの環境計測機器である。
12 整流回路
14 振動発電装置
20、20a、20b 制御回路
22 コンパレータ
24 Vth設定回路
30 半導体装置
36 機能回路
40 電子機器
46 機能ユニット
Claims (13)
- 入力電流が入力する入力端子と、
出力電圧が出力する出力端子と、
一端が前記入力端子に接続され、他端が基準電位に接続された第1キャパシタと、
一端が前記出力端子に接続され、他端が基準電位に接続された第2キャパシタと、
一端が前記第1キャパシタの一端に接続され、他端が前記第2キャパシタの一端または他端に接続され、前記入力電流および前記第1キャパシタから出力される電流の少なくとも一部が第1電流として流れることにより磁界エネルギーが蓄積され、前記磁界エネルギーにより前記第2キャパシタを蓄電する第2電流を誘起するインダクタと、
略一定の周期でオンおよびオフし、1周期の間にオンする期間が略一定であり、オンすることにより前記インダクタに前記第1電流が流れ、前記インダクタに前記第2電流が流れるときオフしているスイッチング素子と、
を備え、
前記第1キャパシタのキャパシタンスをC1、前記インダクタのインダクタンスをL、前記周期をT1、前記周期の1周期の間に前記スイッチング素子がオンする期間の長さをT2、前記入力電流の角周波数をωとしたとき、C1<(T22/(2×L))/(ω×T1)である電力変換回路。 - C1>T22/(2×L)である請求項1に記載の電力変換回路。
- C1<(T22/(2×L))/(5×ω×T1)である請求項1または2に記載の電力変換回路。
- C1>5×T22/(2×L)である請求項1から3のいずれか一項に記載の電力変換回路。
- 前記入力電流は振動発電装置により発電された電流である請求項1から4のいずれか一項に記載の電力変換回路。
- 前記振動発電装置の出力が直流の場合には前記振動発電装置の出力キャパシタンスはC1より小さく、前記振動発電装置の出力が交流の場合には整流回路を介した前記振動発電装置の出力キャパシタンスはC1より小さい請求項5に記載の電力変換回路。
- 入力端子に加わる入力電圧が閾値電圧に達すると、前記入力電圧を変換し出力端子に出力電圧として出力する電圧変換動作を開始する電圧変換回路を備え、
前記入力端子に入力する入力電流が大きいときの前記閾値電圧は前記入力電流が小さいときの前記閾値電圧より高い電力変換回路。 - 前記入力端子に入力する入力電流に基づき、前記入力電流が大きいときの前記閾値電圧が、前記入力電流が小さいときの前記閾値電圧より高くなるように前記閾値電圧を設定する設定回路と、
前記入力電圧が前記閾値電圧に達したか否かを判定する判定回路と、
を備え、
前記電力変換回路は、前記判定回路の出力に基づき前記電圧変換動作を開始する請求項7に記載の電力変換回路。 - 前記電圧変換回路は、
一端が前記出力端子に接続され、他端が基準電位に接続されたキャパシタと、
一端が前記入力端子に接続され、他端が前記キャパシタの一端および他端のいずれか一方の端に接続され、前記入力電流の少なくとも一部が第1電流として流れることにより磁界エネルギーが蓄積され、前記磁界エネルギーにより第2電流を誘起するインダクタと、
オンすることにより前記インダクタに前記第1電流が流れ、前記インダクタに前記第2電流が流れるときオフしているスイッチング素子と、
を備える請求項7または8に記載の電力変換回路。 - 前記入力電圧が前記閾値電圧に達すると、前記スイッチング素子をオンさせる制御回路を備える請求項9に記載の電力変換回路。
- 前記入力端子に接続される電力源の出力インピーダンスをZout、前記入力端子に入力する入力電流がIinのときの前記閾値電圧をVthとしたとき、0.3×Zout≦Vth/Iin≦3×Zoutである請求項7から10のいずれか一項に記載の電力変換回路。
- 請求項1から11のいずれか一項に記載の電力変換回路と、
前記電力変換回路に関係した機能回路と、
を備える半導体装置。 - 請求項1から11のいずれか一項に記載の電力変換回路と、
前記電力変換回路から電力が供給される機能ユニットと、
を備える電子機器。
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| CN202180038470.5A CN115668731B (zh) | 2020-05-29 | 2021-05-26 | 电力转换电路、半导体装置以及电子设备 |
| US17/926,674 US12237769B2 (en) | 2020-05-29 | 2021-05-26 | Power conversion circuit, semiconductor device, and electronic device |
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| WO (1) | WO2021241622A1 (ja) |
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| JP2019502348A (ja) * | 2015-12-31 | 2019-01-24 | ▲広▼州金▲昇▼▲陽▼科技有限公司 | コンタクタの省電力回路 |
| JP2019144729A (ja) * | 2018-02-19 | 2019-08-29 | ミネベアミツミ株式会社 | 電子機器 |
| JP2019213296A (ja) * | 2018-05-31 | 2019-12-12 | 国立大学法人 東京大学 | 電源回路、および振動発電装置 |
| JP2019216584A (ja) * | 2018-06-08 | 2019-12-19 | 株式会社東芝 | 電力制御回路及びそれを備えた発電システム |
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| CN103337898B (zh) * | 2013-06-19 | 2015-07-01 | 重庆大学 | 一种基于热能与振动能的复合式能量收集微电源电路 |
| JP7024784B2 (ja) * | 2017-03-31 | 2022-02-24 | 日本電産株式会社 | 交直変換回路及び力率改善回路 |
| US11381185B2 (en) | 2018-06-08 | 2022-07-05 | Kabushiki Kaishatoshiba | Power control circuit and power generation system including the same |
| CN117157866B (zh) * | 2021-03-30 | 2026-07-10 | 国立研究开发法人科学技术振兴机构 | 开关电路和电源电路 |
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2021
- 2021-05-26 US US17/926,674 patent/US12237769B2/en active Active
- 2021-05-26 CN CN202180038470.5A patent/CN115668731B/zh active Active
- 2021-05-26 WO PCT/JP2021/019949 patent/WO2021241622A1/ja not_active Ceased
- 2021-05-26 JP JP2022526606A patent/JP7701740B2/ja active Active
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2008043146A (ja) * | 2006-08-09 | 2008-02-21 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | 電源装置 |
| US20100165686A1 (en) * | 2008-12-22 | 2010-07-01 | Texas Instruments Deutschland Gmbh | Rectifier circuit |
| JP2019502348A (ja) * | 2015-12-31 | 2019-01-24 | ▲広▼州金▲昇▼▲陽▼科技有限公司 | コンタクタの省電力回路 |
| JP2019144729A (ja) * | 2018-02-19 | 2019-08-29 | ミネベアミツミ株式会社 | 電子機器 |
| JP2019213296A (ja) * | 2018-05-31 | 2019-12-12 | 国立大学法人 東京大学 | 電源回路、および振動発電装置 |
| JP2019216584A (ja) * | 2018-06-08 | 2019-12-19 | 株式会社東芝 | 電力制御回路及びそれを備えた発電システム |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US20230198398A1 (en) | 2023-06-22 |
| CN115668731A (zh) | 2023-01-31 |
| US12237769B2 (en) | 2025-02-25 |
| JP7701740B2 (ja) | 2025-07-02 |
| JPWO2021241622A1 (ja) | 2021-12-02 |
| CN115668731B (zh) | 2026-07-07 |
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