WO2021238507A1 - 显示基板、显示面板及显示装置 - Google Patents

显示基板、显示面板及显示装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021238507A1
WO2021238507A1 PCT/CN2021/088539 CN2021088539W WO2021238507A1 WO 2021238507 A1 WO2021238507 A1 WO 2021238507A1 CN 2021088539 W CN2021088539 W CN 2021088539W WO 2021238507 A1 WO2021238507 A1 WO 2021238507A1
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Prior art keywords
emitting layer
pixel
dummy
area
color
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PCT/CN2021/088539
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张月
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京东方科技集团股份有限公司
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Priority to US17/630,355 priority Critical patent/US11997884B2/en
Publication of WO2021238507A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021238507A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
    • H10K59/10—OLED displays
    • H10K59/12—Active-matrix OLED [AMOLED] displays
    • H10K59/122—Pixel-defining structures or layers, e.g. banks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
    • H10K59/30—Devices specially adapted for multicolour light emission
    • H10K59/35—Devices specially adapted for multicolour light emission comprising red-green-blue [RGB] subpixels
    • H10K59/352—Devices specially adapted for multicolour light emission comprising red-green-blue [RGB] subpixels the areas of the RGB subpixels being different
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
    • H10K59/30—Devices specially adapted for multicolour light emission
    • H10K59/35—Devices specially adapted for multicolour light emission comprising red-green-blue [RGB] subpixels
    • H10K59/353—Devices specially adapted for multicolour light emission comprising red-green-blue [RGB] subpixels characterised by the geometrical arrangement of the RGB subpixels
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
    • H10K59/80—Constructional details
    • H10K59/88—Dummy elements, i.e. elements having non-functional features
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K2102/00—Constructional details relating to the organic devices covered by this subclass
    • H10K2102/301—Details of OLEDs
    • H10K2102/351—Thickness

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the field of display technology, in particular to a display substrate, a display panel and a display device.
  • OLED Organic Light-Emitting Diode
  • the solvent vapor evaporates quickly at the edge of the droplet, which will cause the solution to flow from the center to the edge of the droplet. This flow It will drive the solute to migrate to the edge of the droplet, and finally deposit on the edge, forming a thick and thin center of the edge of the deposition morphology, that is, the "coffee ring effect", which makes the film formation of the organic light-emitting layer in the sub-pixel very uneven. It will cause uneven light emission of the OLED device, thereby affecting the display effect.
  • an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a display substrate, including at least two sub-pixels with different colors.
  • the colors of the sub-pixels are the same, and the display substrate includes:
  • the substrate includes a display area and a frame area located around the display area;
  • the first electrode layer is located on one side of the substrate and includes first electrodes corresponding to the sub-pixels one-to-one;
  • the pixel defining structure includes a first pixel defining structure and a second pixel defining structure having a thickness smaller than that of the first pixel defining structure.
  • the first pixel defining structure includes a first retaining wall located in the display area and a frame located in the frame.
  • the first retaining wall extends along the first direction and adjacent to the first retaining wall defines pixel row openings corresponding to the pixel row one-to-one, and the second retaining wall extends along the It extends in the second direction and is connected to the first retaining wall defining at least two adjacent pixel column openings of the same color;
  • the second pixel defining structure includes a third retaining wall located in the display area The third retaining wall is located in the pixel column opening to divide the pixel column opening into pixel openings corresponding to the sub-pixels one-to-one, and the orthographic projection of one pixel opening on the substrate is located One of the first electrodes is in an orthographic projection on the substrate, and the second direction intersects the first direction;
  • An organic light-emitting layer includes at least two light-emitting layers with different colors, and the light-emitting layer of at least one color includes a main body part located in the display area and a dummy part located in the frame area, and the main body part is covered with To fill the area defined by the corresponding pixel column opening, the dummy part in the light-emitting layer of the same color is connected to at least two adjacent main body parts.
  • the frame area includes a virtual pixel area, and both the first virtual portion and the second virtual portion are located in the virtual pixel area.
  • the virtual pixel area includes a first virtual pixel area and a second virtual pixel area located on a side of the display area away from the first virtual pixel area;
  • the light emitting layer of the at least one color includes a first color light emitting layer and a second color light emitting layer, the first color light emitting layer includes a first main body part and a first dummy part, and the second color light emitting layer includes a second color light emitting layer.
  • the first virtual part and the second virtual part both extend along the second direction, the first virtual part is located in the first virtual pixel area, and the second virtual part is located in the second virtual pixel Area.
  • the first color light emitting layer includes at least two first dummy parts, each of the first dummy parts is connected to a part of the first main body part, and the second color light emitting layer includes at least two first dummy parts.
  • Each of the second virtual parts is connected to a part of the second main body part.
  • the light-emitting layer of at least one color further includes a third-color light-emitting layer, and the third-color light-emitting layer includes a third body portion and a third dummy portion;
  • first body parts and the second body parts are alternately arranged, and the first body part and the second body part are arranged between the adjacent first body parts and the second body parts.
  • the third virtual part is located in the first virtual pixel area and/or the second virtual pixel area.
  • the first color light-emitting layer includes one first dummy part, the first dummy part is connected to all the first main body parts, and the second color light-emitting layer includes one second dummy part. Part, the second virtual part is connected to all the second main body parts.
  • the organic light-emitting layer further includes a third-color light-emitting layer, the third-color light-emitting layer includes a third body portion, and in the second direction, the first body portion and the second body The parts and the third body part are alternately arranged.
  • the light-emitting layer of at least one color further includes a third-color light-emitting layer, and the third-color light-emitting layer includes a third body portion and a third dummy portion;
  • first body parts and the second body parts are alternately arranged, and the first body part and the second body part are arranged between the adjacent first body parts and the second body parts.
  • the third dummy parts are alternately arranged in the first dummy pixel area and the second dummy pixel area.
  • the organic light-emitting layer further includes a third-color light-emitting layer, the third-color light-emitting layer includes a third body portion, and in the second direction, the first body portion and the second body The parts and the third body part are alternately arranged.
  • the third color light-emitting layer is a blue light-emitting layer
  • the first body portion and the second body portion are both smaller than the third body portion with the same width.
  • the third color light-emitting layer is a blue light-emitting layer
  • the widths of the first body portion, the second body portion, and the third body portion are the same.
  • the orthographic projection of the first dummy portion and the second dummy portion on the substrate and the orthographic projection of the first electrode on the substrate do not overlap each other.
  • the thickness of the first pixel defining structure is 1.2 ⁇ m to 2 ⁇ m
  • the thickness of the second pixel defining structure is 0.5 ⁇ m to 1 ⁇ m.
  • first pixel defining structure and the second pixel defining structure are integrally formed with the same material.
  • the first pixel defining structure is located on a side of the second pixel defining structure away from the substrate.
  • the material of the first pixel defining structure is a lyophobic material
  • the material of the second pixel defining structure is a lyophilic material
  • an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a display panel including the above-mentioned display substrate.
  • an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a display device including the above-mentioned display panel.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a top view structure of a display substrate provided by an embodiment of the disclosure
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the display substrate shown in FIG. 1 along the line N-N;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the display substrate shown in FIG. 1 along the line N-N;
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a top view structure of another display substrate provided by an embodiment of the disclosure.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a top view structure of another display substrate provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a top view structure of another display substrate provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a top view structure of another display substrate provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a top view structure of another display substrate provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the display substrate shown in FIG. 8 along the line D-D;
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the display substrate shown in FIG. 8 along the line E-E;
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic flowchart of a manufacturing method of a display substrate provided by an embodiment of the disclosure.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of a frame structure of a display panel provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of a frame structure of a display device provided by an embodiment of the disclosure.
  • the inventor of the present disclosure considers that for the OLED products produced by the inkjet printing method, in the process of inkjet printing and drying to form a film, the solvent vapor volatilizes faster in the edge area of the droplet, which will cause the droplet to move from the center to the center.
  • the solution flow at the edge this flow will drive the solute to migrate to the edge of the droplet, and finally deposit on the edge, forming a thick center and thin deposition morphology, the "coffee ring effect", so that the organic light-emitting layer in the sub-pixel
  • the film formation of OLED is very uneven, which will cause uneven light emission of the OLED device, thereby affecting the display effect.
  • the display substrate, display panel, and display device provided by the present disclosure aim to solve the above technical problems of related technologies.
  • An embodiment of the present disclosure provides a display substrate, which includes at least two sub-pixels with different colors.
  • the sub-pixels are arranged in a pixel column along a first direction, and the sub-pixels located in the same pixel column have the same color.
  • the display substrate provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure includes:
  • the substrate 1 includes a display area 11 and a frame area 12 located around the display area 11;
  • the first electrode layer 2 is located on one side of the substrate 1 and includes first electrodes 21 corresponding to the sub-pixels in a one-to-one manner;
  • the pixel defining structure 3 includes a first pixel defining structure 31 and a second pixel defining structure 32 having a thickness smaller than that of the first pixel defining structure 31.
  • the first pixel defining structure 31 includes a first retaining wall 311 located in the display area 11 and a frame area 12.
  • the second retaining wall 312 of 12 the first retaining wall 311 extends along the first direction Y and the adjacent first retaining wall 311 defines the pixel row opening A corresponding to the pixel row one-to-one, and the second retaining wall 312 is along the second direction X Extends and is connected to the first retaining wall 311 defining at least two adjacent pixel row openings A of the same color;
  • the second pixel defining structure 32 includes a plurality of third retaining walls 321 located in the display area 11.
  • the wall 321 is located in the pixel column opening A to divide the pixel column opening A into pixel openings M corresponding to the sub-pixels.
  • the orthographic projection of a pixel opening M on the substrate 1 is located on a first electrode 21 on the substrate 1. In the orthographic projection of, the second direction X intersects the first direction Y;
  • the organic light-emitting layer 4 includes at least two light-emitting layers with different colors.
  • the light-emitting layer of at least one color includes a main body part located in the display area and a dummy part located in the frame area. The main body part is covered with corresponding pixel column openings. In the defined area, the dummy part in the light-emitting layer of the same color is connected to at least two adjacent main body parts.
  • the light emitting layer of at least one color specifically includes: a first color light emitting layer 41 and a second color light emitting layer 42.
  • the first color light emitting layer 41 includes a first body portion 411 located in the display area 11 and a second color located in the frame area 12. A dummy portion 412.
  • the first main body portion 411 covers the area defined by the corresponding pixel column opening A.
  • the first dummy portion 412 is connected to at least two adjacent first main body portions 411.
  • the second color light-emitting layer 42 includes The second main body portion 421 of the display area 11 and the second dummy portion 422 located in the frame area 12, the second main body portion 421 covers the area defined by the corresponding pixel column opening A, and the second dummy portion 422 is adjacent to at least two The second main body 421 is connected.
  • first color light emitting layer 41 and the second color light emitting layer 42 are connected in the frame area 12 in the display substrate shown in FIG.
  • One of the first color light emitting layer 41 or the second color light emitting layer 42 is connected in the frame area 12.
  • first direction Y and the second direction X are perpendicular to each other in the display substrate shown in FIG. 1, in specific implementation, the first direction Y can also be adjusted adaptively according to the shape of the sub-pixel.
  • the included angle with the second direction X the present disclosure does not specifically limit the angle between the first direction Y and the second direction X.
  • the first pixel defining structure 31 is used to form a plurality of openings A corresponding to the pixel rows
  • the second pixel defining structure 32 is used to divide the sub-pixels, and the pixel rows corresponding to at least one color are opened A is connected in the dummy part, so that the ink (solution containing the organic light-emitting layer material) forming the sub-pixels of at least one color can be circulated in the plurality of pixel column openings A. Even if part of the pixel column opening A is not connected, the ink in the part of the pixel column opening A can still circulate in the pixel column opening A. This is beneficial to improve the uniformity of the thickness of the organic light-emitting layer 4, thereby improving the display effect of the display device.
  • the frame area 12 may include a virtual pixel area 121, and the virtual parts such as the first virtual part 412 and the second virtual part 422 are both located in the virtual pixel area 121 .
  • the dummy part is disposed in the dummy pixel area 121 so that the distance between the dummy part and the display area 11 is relatively short, thereby saving organic light-emitting materials and reducing production costs.
  • the orthographic projection of the first dummy portion 412 and the second dummy portion 422 on the substrate 1 and the orthographic projection of the first electrode 21 on the substrate 1 do not overlap each other . That is, in this embodiment, the first electrode layer 2 of the dummy pixel area 121 can be removed, which can effectively avoid the circuit failure of the dummy pixel area 121.
  • the thickness of the first pixel defining structure 31 is generally 1.2 ⁇ m to 2 ⁇ m, and the thickness of the second pixel defining structure 32 is generally 0.5 ⁇ m. ⁇ 1 ⁇ m. Specifically, the thickness of the first pixel defining structure 31 is preferably 1.5 ⁇ m, and the thickness of the second pixel defining structure 32 is 0.8 ⁇ m.
  • the display substrate provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure adopts the first pixel defining structure 31 and the second pixel defining structure 32 of the above-mentioned thickness, which can ensure that the second pixel defining structure 32 prevents the first electrode 21 from short-circuiting, and also can ensure that the ink is opened in the pixel column. A limited area circulates and inks of different colors will not mix.
  • the first pixel defining structure 31 and the second pixel defining structure 32 may be integrally formed with the same material.
  • the first pixel-defining structure 31 and the second pixel-defining structure 32 are made of the same material through a halftone process, and the material is made of polyimide, polyacrylate and other materials carrying hydrophobic functional groups, for example,
  • the hydrophobic functional group may be fluorine (-F).
  • the structure of the hydrophobic functional group can be changed, thereby changing the hydrophilic and hydrophobic properties of the material.
  • the first pixel defining structure 31 formed by the above-mentioned materials after the halftone process is lyophobic
  • the second pixel defining structure 32 after the halftone process is lyophilic, that is, processed by the halftone process.
  • the formed pixel defining structure 3 not only includes the first pixel defining structure 31 and the second pixel defining structure 32 with different thicknesses, but the first pixel defining structure 31 and the second pixel defining structure 32 are also different in lyophobicity.
  • the first pixel defining structure 31 and the second pixel defining structure 32 have hydrophobicity and hydrophilicity, respectively, it is advantageous for the ink to circulate in the pixel column opening A and is not easy to overflow to adjacent pixels.
  • the pixel defining structure 3 can be formed by a half-tone process of one material, which reduces the process steps and is beneficial to reducing the production cost of the display substrate.
  • the material of the first pixel defining structure 31 is a lyophobic material
  • the material of the second pixel defining structure 32 is a lyophilic material
  • the first pixel defining structure 31 is located in the second pixel defining structure. 32 The side away from the substrate 1.
  • the first pixel defining structure 31 and the second pixel defining structure 32 in the display substrate provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure are made of hydrophobic material and hydrophilic material, respectively, which facilitates the circulation of ink in the pixel column opening A and is not easy to overflow to adjacent ⁇ pixel column within opening A.
  • the virtual pixel area 121 includes a first virtual pixel area 121a and a first virtual pixel area 121a located in the display area 11 away from the first virtual pixel area 121a.
  • Pixel area 121b Pixel area 121b.
  • the first virtual part 412 and the second virtual part 422 are located on opposite sides of the display area 11, which can prevent the first virtual part 412 and the second virtual part 422 from occupying a large space, thereby preventing the frame Increase in width.
  • the first color light-emitting layer 41 includes at least two first dummy portions 412, each of which is connected to a part of the first body portion 411, and the second color light-emitting layer 42 includes at least two second dummy parts 422, and each second dummy part 422 is connected to a part of the second main body part 421.
  • connecting part of the main body parts of the light-emitting layer of the same color can effectively improve the uniformity of the thickness of the light-emitting layer.
  • part of the main body parts of the light-emitting layer of the same color are connected, the arrangement of pixel columns with different colors will be described in detail below.
  • the organic light-emitting layer 4 further includes a third-color light-emitting layer 43, and the third-color light-emitting layer 43 includes a third body portion 431.
  • the first The main body portion 411, the second main body portion 421, and the third main body portion 431 are alternately arranged.
  • the first color light emitting layer 41, the second color light emitting layer 42, and the third color light emitting layer 43 correspond to the red organic light emitting layer R, the green organic light emitting layer G, and the blue organic light emitting layer B, respectively. Due to the low luminous efficiency of blue luminescent materials, the lifetime is also relatively low.
  • the distance between the first barrier walls 311 that define the blue pixel columns can be designed to be greater than the distance between the first barrier walls 311 that define the red and green pixel columns, so that the blue light-emitting layer
  • the area of the third body portion is greater than the area of the first body portion of the red light-emitting layer and the area of the second body portion of the green light-emitting layer, that is, the area of the blue sub-pixel is greater than the area of the red sub-pixel and the green sub-pixel to compensate for the blue light emission.
  • the display substrate provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure connects the main body parts of the adjacent organic light-emitting layers in two colors, which is beneficial to improve the uniformity of the thickness of the organic light-emitting layer.
  • the light-emitting layer of at least one color may further include a third-color light-emitting layer 43, and the third-color light-emitting layer 43 includes a plurality of third bodies located in the display area 11. The part 431 and the third dummy part 432 located in the dummy pixel area 121.
  • Two adjacent third body portions 431 include a first body portion 411 or a second body portion 421, that is, in the second direction X, the first body portion 411 and the second body portion 421 are alternately arranged , And a third body portion 431 is provided between the adjacent first body portion 411 and the second body portion 421; the third dummy portion 432 is located in the first virtual pixel area 121a and/or the second virtual pixel area 121b.
  • the first color light emitting layer 41, the second color light emitting layer 42, and the third color light emitting layer 43 respectively correspond to a red organic light emitting layer, a green organic light emitting layer, and a blue organic light emitting layer.
  • the number of body portions of the blue organic light-emitting layer is more than the number of body portions of the red organic light-emitting layer and the green organic light-emitting layer, which is beneficial to compensate the luminous efficiency of the blue light-emitting material and increase the life of the display device.
  • the third dummy portion 432 located in the first dummy pixel area 121a can realize the connection between the adjacent third main body portions 431 without increasing the width of the first dummy pixel area 121a in the first direction Y.
  • the first retaining wall 311 defining the red, green, and blue pixel columns can be designed to be equidistant. It can be considered that in the second direction X, the first main body 411, The widths of the second main body portion 421 and the third main body portion 431 are the same, which helps to reduce the difficulty of designing the mask for forming the first pixel defining structure 31 and the difficulty of the etching process of the first pixel defining structure 31.
  • the first color light-emitting layer 41 includes a first dummy part 412, and the first dummy part 412 is connected to all the first body parts 411
  • the second color light-emitting layer 42 includes a second dummy portion 422, and the second dummy portion 422 is connected to all the second main body portions 421.
  • connecting all the main body parts of the light-emitting layer of the same color can effectively improve the uniformity of the thickness of the light-emitting layer.
  • the arrangement of pixel columns with different colors will be described in detail below.
  • the organic light-emitting layer further includes a third-color light-emitting layer 43, and the third-color light-emitting layer 43 includes a third body portion 431.
  • the first body portion 411, the second main body portion 421 and the third main body portion 431 are alternately arranged.
  • the first color light emitting layer 41, the second color light emitting layer 42, and the third color light emitting layer 43 correspond to the red organic light emitting layer R, the green organic light emitting layer G, and the blue organic light emitting layer B, respectively.
  • All the main body parts of the first color light-emitting layer 41 (red organic light-emitting layer) and the second color light-emitting layer 42 (green organic light-emitting layer) are connected through corresponding dummy parts, and the third color light-emitting layer 43 (blue organic light-emitting layer) ) Includes only the third body portion 431, and the third body portion 431 is not connected. It should be noted that, according to the actual design situation, the main body parts of the light-emitting layer of any two colors can be selected for connection.
  • the distance between the first retaining wall 311 that defines the blue pixel column can be designed to be greater than that of the red and green pixel columns.
  • the distance between the first retaining wall 311 is such that the area of the third body portion of the blue light-emitting layer is larger than the area of the first body portion of the red light-emitting layer and the second body portion of the green light-emitting layer, that is, the area of the blue sub-pixel It is larger than the area of the red sub-pixel and the green sub-pixel to compensate for the luminous efficiency and lifetime of the blue luminescent material.
  • the display substrate provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure connects the main body parts of the adjacent organic light-emitting layers in two colors, which is beneficial to improve the uniformity of the thickness of the organic light-emitting layer.
  • the light-emitting layer of at least one color may further include a third-color light-emitting layer 43, and the third-color light-emitting layer 43 includes a plurality of third body portions located in the display area 11. 431 and the third dummy part 432 located in the dummy pixel area 121.
  • Two adjacent third body portions 431 include a first body portion 411 or a second body portion 421, that is, in the second direction X, the first body portion 411 and the second body portion 421 are alternately arranged , And a third body part 431 is provided between the adjacent first body part 411 and the second body part 421; in the second direction, the third dummy part 432 is alternately arranged in the first dummy pixel area 121a and the second Two virtual pixel areas 121b.
  • the first color light emitting layer 41, the second color light emitting layer 42, and the third color light emitting layer 43 correspond to a red organic light emitting layer, a green organic light emitting layer, and a blue organic light emitting layer, respectively.
  • the number of body portions of the blue organic light-emitting layer is more than the number of body portions of the red organic light-emitting layer and the green organic light-emitting layer, which is beneficial to compensate the luminous efficiency of the blue light-emitting material and increase the life of the display device.
  • the third dummy portion 432 located in the first dummy pixel area 121a can realize the connection between the adjacent third main body portions 431 without increasing the width of the first dummy pixel area 121a in the first direction Y.
  • the first retaining wall 311 that defines the red, green, and blue pixel columns can be designed to be equidistant, which can be considered to be in the second direction X,
  • the widths of the first body portion 411, the second body portion 421, and the third body portion 431 are the same, which helps to reduce the design difficulty of the mask forming the first pixel defining structure 31, and to reduce the engraving of the first pixel defining structure 31.
  • the difficulty of the etching process is the same.
  • the display substrate provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure connects all the main parts of the organic light-emitting layer of each color, so that the ink of each color is connected on the entire display substrate, which is beneficial to improve the uniformity of the thickness of the organic light-emitting layer sex.
  • the display substrate provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure may further include a second electrode layer 5 formed on the side of the organic light-emitting layer 4 away from the substrate 1.
  • the first electrode layer 2 is used as an anode layer
  • the second electrode layer 5 is used as a cathode layer.
  • the display substrate may also include a driving circuit located between the first electrode layer 3 and the substrate 1.
  • the driving circuit includes a thin film transistor, a capacitor, a gate line, a data line, a sensing line, etc.
  • the corresponding active layer, conductive layer, insulating layer, etc. need to be formed, and the active layer, conductive layer, and insulating layer need to be patterned to obtain thin film transistors, capacitors, gate lines, data lines, sensing lines, etc. .
  • the embodiment of the present disclosure also provides a method for manufacturing a display substrate, as shown in FIG. 11, and in conjunction with FIG. 1, the method for manufacturing a display substrate provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure includes:
  • a substrate 1 is provided, and the substrate includes a display area 11 and a frame area 12.
  • the pixel defining structure 3 includes a first pixel defining structure 31 and a second pixel defining structure 32 having a thickness smaller than that of the first pixel defining structure 31.
  • the first pixel defining structure 31 includes a first retaining wall 311 located in the display area 11 and a frame area 12
  • the second retaining wall 312 of the first retaining wall 311 extends along the first direction Y and the adjacent first retaining wall 311 defines the pixel row opening A corresponding to the pixel row one-to-one, and the second retaining wall 312 extends along the second direction X , And connected to the first retaining wall 311 defining at least two adjacent pixel column openings A of the same color;
  • the second pixel defining structure 312 includes a plurality of third retaining walls 321 located in the display area 11.
  • the third retaining wall 321 is located in the pixel column opening A to divide the pixel column opening A into pixel openings M corresponding to the sub-pixels one-to-one.
  • the orthographic projection of a pixel opening M on the substrate 1 is located on a first electrode 21 on the substrate 1. In the orthographic projection, the second direction X intersects the first direction Y.
  • the organic light emitting layer 4 may include a first color light emitting layer 41 and a second color light emitting layer 42.
  • the first color light emitting layer 41 includes a first body portion 411 located in the display area 11 and a first dummy portion 412 located in the frame area 12.
  • a main body portion 411 covers the area defined by the corresponding pixel column opening A, the first dummy portion 412 is connected to at least two adjacent first main body portions 411, and the second color light-emitting layer 42 includes a second color located in the display area 11.
  • a first pixel defining structure 31 is used to form a plurality of pixel column openings A
  • a second pixel defining structure 32 is used to divide sub-pixels
  • a pixel column corresponding to at least one color is opened.
  • A is connected in the virtual pixel area 12, so that the ink of all sub-pixels forming at least one color can be circulated in the entire display substrate.
  • the pixel column opening A corresponding to a part of the color is not connected, the pixel column opening A corresponding to the sub-pixel of the part of the color can enable the ink of the entire column of sub-pixels to circulate in the pixel column opening A. This is beneficial to improve the uniformity of the thickness of the organic light-emitting layer of each color, thereby improving the display effect of the display device.
  • step S3 includes: forming a pixel defining material layer on one side of the substrate 1, and applying a halftone process to the pixels
  • the defining material layer is patterned to form a first pixel defining structure 31 and a second pixel defining structure 32.
  • the first pixel defining structure 31 before the halftone process is at least partially hydrophobic, and the second pixel after the halftone process is processed.
  • the delimiting structure 32 has hydrophilicity.
  • the halftone process makes different regions have different irradiation conditions, not only can the first pixel defining structure 31 and the second pixel defining structure 32 with different thicknesses be formed, but also when the material is subjected to specific irradiation, the structure of the functional group indicated by the material can be changed. As a result, the hydrophilic and hydrophobic properties of the material are changed. Based on the above principle, the control of the thickness and thickness of the first pixel defining structure 31 and the second pixel defining structure 32 as well as the hydrophilic and hydrophobic properties can be achieved by adjusting the parameters of the halftone process.
  • the first pixel defining structure 31 and the second pixel defining structure 32 have hydrophobicity and hydrophilicity, respectively, it is advantageous for the ink to circulate in the first opening 212 and is not easy to overflow into the phase.
  • the pixel defining structure 3 can be formed by a half-tone process of one material, which reduces the number of process steps and is beneficial to reducing the production cost of the display substrate.
  • step S3 includes:
  • a first pixel defining material layer is formed on a side of the second pixel defining material layer away from the substrate 1, and the first pixel defining material layer is patterned to obtain the first pixel defining structure 31.
  • the manufacturing method of the display substrate provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure uses a hydrophobic material and a hydrophilic material to form the first pixel defining structure 31 and the second pixel defining structure 32, and the obtained pixel defining structure is beneficial to the ink in the pixel column opening A It circulates and is not easy to overflow into the adjacent pixel column opening A.
  • the manufacturing method of the display substrate provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure further includes the following steps: forming a second electrode layer 5 on the side of the organic light-emitting layer 4 away from the substrate 1.
  • the first electrode layer 2 is used as an anode layer
  • the second electrode layer 5 is used as a cathode layer.
  • the display substrate provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure further includes a driving circuit located between the first electrode layer 2 and the substrate 1, and the manufacturing method of the display substrate provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure further includes: forming the first electrode layer Before 2, a driving circuit is formed on the substrate 1.
  • the driving circuit includes thin film transistors, capacitors, gate lines, data lines, sensing lines, etc.
  • the driving circuit includes thin film transistors, capacitors, gate lines, data lines, sensing lines, etc.
  • corresponding active layers, conductive layers, insulating layers, etc. need to be formed, and the active layer and conductive layer ,
  • the insulating layer is patterned to obtain thin film transistors, capacitors, gate lines, data lines, sensing lines, etc.
  • embodiments of the present disclosure also provide a display panel, as shown in FIG. Repeat it again.
  • the display panel provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure further includes an encapsulation structure, and the encapsulation structure is used to protect the display panel.
  • the packaging structure may be a thin-film packaging structure to prevent corrosion of the water and oxygen display substrate.
  • the display panel provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure may further include a cover plate to further protect the display panel.
  • the embodiments of the present disclosure also provide a display device, as shown in FIG. This will not be repeated here.
  • the display device provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure may further include a driving chip and a power supply, wherein the driving chip provides a driving signal for the display panel, and the power supply provides electric power for the display panel.
  • a first pixel defining structure is used to form a plurality of openings corresponding to pixel rows
  • a second pixel defining structure is used to divide sub-pixels, and at least one color corresponds to Pixel column openings are connected in the virtual pixel area, so that the ink (solution containing organic light-emitting layer material) that forms at least one color of sub-pixels is circulated in the plurality of pixel column openings, even if some of the pixel column openings are not
  • the ink in the part of the pixel column opening can also circulate in the pixel column opening, which is beneficial to improve the uniformity of the thickness of the organic light-emitting layer, thereby improving the display effect of the display device.
  • first and second are only used for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined with “first” and “second” may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of these features. In the description of the present disclosure, unless otherwise specified, "plurality” means two or more.
  • connection should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can be fixed or detachable. Connected, or integrally connected; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the internal communication between two components.
  • connection should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can be fixed or detachable. Connected, or integrally connected; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the internal communication between two components.

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Abstract

本公开实施例提供了一种显示基板、显示面板及显示装置。该显示基板包括至少两种颜色不同的子像素，子像素沿第一方向排布为像素列，位于同一像素列的各子像素的颜色相同，显示基板包括衬底、第一电极层、像素界定结构和有机发光层，像素界定结构包括第一像素界定结构和厚度小于第一像素界定结构的第二像素界定结构，有机发光层包括至少两种颜色的颜色发光层，其中至少一种颜色的发光层包括位于显示区的主体部和位于边框区的虚拟部，虚拟部与至少两个同一颜色主体部连接，使得至少一个颜色的墨水在相应的多个像素列之间是可流通的，有利于提升有机发光层的厚度的均匀性。

Description

显示基板、显示面板及显示装置
相关申请的交叉引用
本公开要求在2020年05月29日提交中国专利局、申请号为202010478130.1、申请名称为“阵列基板、显示面板及显示装置”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本公开中。
技术领域
本公开涉及显示技术领域，尤指一种显示基板、显示面板及显示装置。
背景技术
有机发光二极管(Organic Light-Emitting Diode，OLED)显示技术因其轻薄、可弯折、对比度高等优点，而被广泛应用且具有良好的前景。
对于喷墨打印方法制作的OLED产品来说，在喷墨打印干燥成膜的过程中，溶剂蒸汽在液滴边缘区域挥发较快，这样会造成液滴由中心向边缘的溶液流动，这种流动会带动溶质向液滴边缘迁移，并最终在边缘沉积，而形成边缘厚中心薄的沉积形貌，即“咖啡环效应”，从而使得子像素内的有机发光层的成膜很不均匀，这样会导致OLED器件发光不均，从而影响显示效果。
发明内容
第一个方面，本公开实施例提供了一种显示基板，包括至少两种颜色不同的子像素，所述子像素沿第一方向排布为像素列，位于同一所述像素列的各所述子像素的颜色相同，所述显示基板包括：
衬底，包括显示区和位于所述显示区周围的边框区；
第一电极层，位于所述衬底的一侧且包括与所述子像素一一对应的第一电极；
像素界定结构，包括第一像素界定结构和厚度小于所述第一像素界定结 构的第二像素界定结构，所述第一像素界定结构包括位于所述显示区的第一挡墙和位于所述边框区的第二挡墙，所述第一挡墙沿所述第一方向延伸且相邻所述第一挡墙限定与所述像素列一一对应的像素列开口，所述第二挡墙沿第二方向延伸，且与限定同种颜色的至少两个相邻的所述像素列开口的所述第一挡墙连接；所述第二像素界定结构包括位于所述显示区的第三挡墙，所述第三挡墙位于所述像素列开口内以将所述像素列开口划分为与所述子像素一一对应的像素开口，一个所述像素开口在所述衬底上的正投影位于一个所述第一电极在所述衬底上的正投影内，所述第二方向与所述第一方向相交；
有机发光层，所述有机发光层至少包括两种颜色不同的发光层，至少一种颜色的发光层包括位于所述显示区的主体部和位于所述边框区的虚拟部，所述主体部铺满相应的所述像素列开口所限定的区域，同一种颜色的发光层中的所述虚拟部与至少两个相邻的所述主体部连接。
可选地，所述边框区包括虚拟像素区，所述第一虚拟部和所述第二虚拟部均位于所述虚拟像素区。
可选地，所述虚拟像素区包括第一虚拟像素区和位于所述显示区远离所述第一虚拟像素区一侧的第二虚拟像素区；
所述至少一种颜色的发光层包括第一颜色发光层和第二颜色发光层，所述第一颜色发光层包括第一主体部和第一虚拟部，所述第二颜色发光层包括第二主体部和第二虚拟部；
所述第一虚拟部和所述第二虚拟部均沿所述第二方向延伸，所述第一虚拟部位于所述第一虚拟像素区，所述第二虚拟部位于所述第二虚拟像素区。
可选地，所述第一颜色发光层包括至少两个所述第一虚拟部，每个所述第一虚拟部与部分所述第一主体部连接，所述第二颜色发光层包括至少两个所述第二虚拟部，每个所述第二虚拟部与部分所述第二主体部连接。
可选地，所述至少一种颜色的发光层还包括第三颜色发光层，所述第三颜色发光层包括第三主体部和第三虚拟部；
在所述第二方向上，所述第一主体部和所述第二主体部交替排布，且在 相邻的所述第一主体部和所述第二主体部之间设置一个所述第三主体部；
所述第三虚拟部位于第一虚拟像素区和/或所述第二虚拟像素区。
可选地，所述第一颜色发光层包括一个所述第一虚拟部，所述第一虚拟部与全部所述第一主体部连接，所述第二颜色发光层包括一个所述第二虚拟部，所述第二虚拟部与全部所述第二主体部连接。
可选地，所述有机发光层还包括第三颜色发光层，所述第三颜色发光层包括第三主体部，在所述第二方向上，所述第一主体部、所述第二主体部和所述第三主体部交替排布。
可选地，所述至少一种颜色的发光层还包括第三颜色发光层，所述第三颜色发光层包括第三主体部和第三虚拟部；
在所述第二方向上，所述第一主体部和所述第二主体部交替排布，且在相邻的所述第一主体部和所述第二主体部之间设置一个所述第三主体部；
在所述第二方向上，所述第三虚拟部交替排布在所述第一虚拟像素区和所述第二虚拟像素区。
可选地，所述有机发光层还包括第三颜色发光层，所述第三颜色发光层包括第三主体部，在所述第二方向上，所述第一主体部、所述第二主体部和所述第三主体部交替排布。
可选地，所述第三颜色发光层为蓝色发光层；
在所述第二方向上，所述第一主体部和所述第二主体部均小于所述第三主体部的宽度相同。
可选地，所述第三颜色发光层为蓝色发光层；
在所述第二方向上，所述第一主体部、所述第二主体部和所述第三主体部的宽度相同。
可选地，所述第一虚拟部和所述第二虚拟部在所述衬底上的正投影与所述第一电极在所述衬底上的正投影互不交叠。
可选地，所述第一像素界定结构的厚度为1.2μm～2μm，所述第二像素界定结构的厚度为0.5μm～1μm。
可选地，所述第一像素界定结构和所述第二像素界定结构采用同一材料一体成型。
可选地，所述第一像素界定结构位于所述第二像素界定结构远离所述衬底的一侧。
可选地，所述第一像素界定结构的材料为疏液材料，所述第二像素界定结构的材料为亲液材料。
第二个方面，本公开实施例提供了一种显示面板，所述显示面板包括上述的显示基板。
第三个方面，本公开实施例提供了一种显示装置，所述显示装置包括上述的显示面板。
附图说明
图1为本公开实施例提供的一种显示基板的俯视结构示意图；
图2为图1所示的显示基板沿N-N线的一种截面示意图；
图3为图1所示的显示基板沿N-N线的一种截面示意图；
图4为本公开实施例提供的另一种显示基板的俯视结构示意图；
图5为本公开实施例提供的另一种显示基板的俯视结构示意图；
图6为本公开实施例提供的另一种显示基板的俯视结构示意图；
图7为本公开实施例提供的另一种显示基板的俯视结构示意图；
图8为本公开实施例提供的另一种显示基板的俯视结构示意图；
图9为图8中所示的显示基板沿D-D线的截面示意图；
图10为图8中所示的显示基板沿E-E线的截面示意图；
图11为本公开实施例提供的一种显示基板的制作方法的流程示意图；
图12为本公开实施例提供的一种显示面板的框架结构示意图；
图13为本公开实施例提供的一种显示装置的框架结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面详细描述本公开，本公开的实施例的示例在附图中示出，其中自始至终相同或类似的标号表示相同或类似的部件或具有相同或类似功能的部件。此外，如果已知技术的详细描述对于示出的本公开的特征是不必要的，则将其省略。下面通过参考附图描述的实施例是示例性的，仅用于解释本公开，而不能解释为对本公开的限制。
本技术领域技术人员可以理解，除非另外定义，这里使用的所有术语(包括技术术语和科学术语)，具有与本公开所属领域中的普通技术人员的一般理解相同的意义。还应该理解的是，诸如通用字典中定义的那些术语，应该被理解为具有与相关技术的上下文中的意义一致的意义，并且除非像这里一样被特定定义，否则不会用理想化或过于正式的含义来解释。
本技术领域技术人员可以理解，除非特意声明，这里使用的单数形式“一”、“一个”、“所述”和“该”也可包括复数形式。应该进一步理解的是，本公开的说明书中使用的措辞“包括”是指存在所述特征、整数、步骤、操作、元件和/或组件，但是并不排除存在或添加一个或多个其他特征、整数、步骤、操作、元件、组件和/或它们的组。这里使用的措辞“和/或”包括一个或更多个相关联的列出项的全部或任一单元和全部组合。
本公开的发明人考虑到，对于喷墨打印方法制作的OLED产品来说，在喷墨打印干燥成膜的过程中，溶剂蒸汽在液滴边缘区域挥发较快，这样会造成液滴由中心向边缘的溶液流动，这种流动会带动溶质向液滴边缘迁移，并最终在边缘沉积，而形成边缘厚中心薄的沉积形貌，即“咖啡环效应”，从而使得子像素内的有机发光层的成膜很不均匀，这样会导致OLED器件发光不均，从而影响显示效果。
本公开提供的显示基板、显示面板及显示装置，旨在解决相关技术的如上技术问题。
下面以具体地实施例对本公开的技术方案以及本公开的技术方案如何解决上述技术问题进行详细说明。
本公开实施例提供了一种显示基板，显示基板包括至少两种颜色不同的子像素，子像素沿第一方向排布为像素列，位于同一像素列的各子像素的颜色相同。如图1所示，本公开实施例提供的显示基板包括：
衬底1，包括显示区11和位于显示区11周围的边框区12；
第一电极层2，位于衬底1的一侧且包括与子像素一一对应的第一电极21；
像素界定结构3，包括第一像素界定结构31和厚度小于第一像素界定结构31的第二像素界定结构32，第一像素界定结构31包括位于显示区11的第一挡墙311和位于边框区12的第二挡墙312，第一挡墙311沿第一方向Y延伸且相邻第一挡墙311限定与像素列一一对应的像素列开口A，第二挡墙312沿第二方向X延伸，且与限定同种颜色的至少两个相邻的像素列开口A的第一挡墙311连接；第二像素界定结构32包括多个位于显示区11的第三挡墙321，第三挡墙321位于像素列开口A内以将像素列开口A划分为与子像素一一对应的像素开口M，一个像素开口M在衬底1上的正投影位于一个第一电极21在衬底1上的正投影内，第二方向X与第一方向Y相交；
有机发光层4，有机发光层4至少包括两种颜色不同的发光层，至少一种颜色的发光层包括位于显示区的主体部和位于边框区的虚拟部，主体部铺满相应的像素列开口所限定的区域，同一种颜色的发光层中的虚拟部与至少两个相邻的主体部连接。例如，至少一种颜色的发光层具体包括：第一颜色发光层41和第二颜色发光层42，第一颜色发光层41包括位于显示区11的第一主体部411和位于边框区12的第一虚拟部412，第一主体部411铺满相应的像素列开口A所限定的区域，第一虚拟部412与至少两个相邻的第一主体部411连接，第二颜色发光层42包括位于显示区11的第二主体部421和位于边框区12的第二虚拟部422，第二主体部421铺满相应的像素列开口A所限定的区域，第二虚拟部422与至少两个相邻的第二主体部421连接。
需要说明的是，虽然图1所示的显示基板中，第一颜色发光层41和第二颜色发光层42都在边框区12连接的，但在具体实施中，也可以根据实际情 况仅设计为第一颜色发光层41或第二颜色发光层42其中一个是在边框区12连接的。
需要说明的是，虽然图1所示的显示基板中，第一方向Y与第二方向X是互相垂直的，但在具体实施中，也可以根据子像素的形状适应性地调整第一方向Y与第二方向X之间的夹角，本公开对第一方向Y与第二方向X之间的夹角的角度不做具体限定。
本公开实施例提供的显示基板，利用第一像素界定结构31形成多个对应像素列的开口A，并利用第二像素界定结构32来划分子像素，且将至少一种颜色对应的像素列开口A在虚拟部进行连通，从而使得形成至少一种颜色的子像素的墨水(含有有机发光层材料的溶液)在多个像素列开口A内是可流通的。即使部分像素列开口A并未进行连通，但该部分像素列开口A内的墨水也可以在该像素列开口A内流通。如此有利于提升有机发光层4的厚度的均匀性，从而提升显示装置的显示效果。
可选地，如图1所示，本公开实施例提供的显示基板中，边框区12可以包括虚拟像素区121，虚拟部例如第一虚拟部412和第二虚拟部422均位于虚拟像素区121。本实施例的显示基板中，将虚拟部设置在虚拟像素区121，使得虚拟部与显示区11的距离较近，从而节省有机发光材料以降低生产成本。
可选地，本公开实施例提供的显示基板中，第一虚拟部412和第二虚拟部422在衬底1上的正投影与第一电极21在衬底1上的正投影互不交叠。即在本实施例中，可以将虚拟像素区121的第一电极层2去除，能够有效避免虚拟像素区121发生电路故障。
可选地，如图2和图3所示，本公开实施例提供的显示基板中，第一像素界定结构31的厚度一般为1.2μm～2μm，第二像素界定结构32的厚度一般为0.5μm～1μm。具体地，第一像素界定结构31的厚度优选为1.5μm，第二像素界定结构32的厚度为0.8μm。
本公开实施例提供的显示基板采用上述厚度的第一像素界定结构31和第二像素界定结构32，既能够保证第二像素界定结构32防止第一电极21短路， 又能够保证墨水在像素列开口A限定的区域内流通且不同颜色的墨水不会混合。
可选地，如图2所示，本公开实施例提供的显示基板中，第一像素界定结构31和第二像素界定结构32可以采用同一材料一体成型。
具体地，第一像素界定结构31和第二像素界定结构32由同一材料经过半色调工艺制成，该材料为采用携带有疏水性官能团的聚酰亚胺、聚丙烯甲酯等材料，例如，疏水性官能团可以为氟(-F)，在受到特定光照射条件时，能够改变上述疏水性官能团的结构，从而使材料的亲疏水性质发生变化。
在实际生产中，上述材料在半色调工艺处理后形成的第一像素界定结构31具有疏液性，半色调工艺处理后的第二像素界定结构32具有亲液性，也就是通过半色调工艺处理后，形成的像素界定结构3不仅包括厚度不同的第一像素界定结构31和第二像素界定结构32，第一像素界定结构31和第二像素界定结构32的亲疏液性也不同。
本公开实施例提供的显示基板，由于第一像素界定结构31和第二像素界定结构32分别具有疏水性和亲水性，有利于墨水在像素列开口A内流通且不易外溢到相邻的像素列开口A内；像素界定结构3能够通过对一种材料以半色调工艺形成，减少了工艺步骤，有利于降低显示基板的生产成本。
或者，可选地，如图3所示，第一像素界定结构31的材料为疏液材料，第二像素界定结构32的材料为亲液材料，第一像素界定结构31位于第二像素界定结构32远离衬底1的一侧。
本公开实施例提供的显示基板中的第一像素界定结构31和第二像素界定结构32分别采用疏水材料和亲水材料制成，有利于墨水在像素列开口A内流通且不易外溢到相邻的像素列开口A内。
可选地，如图1、图4-图7所示，本公开实施例提供的显示基板中，虚拟像素区121包括第一虚拟像素区121a和位于显示区11远离第一虚拟像素区121a一侧的第二虚拟像素区121b；第一虚拟部412和第二虚拟部422均沿第二方向X延伸，第一虚拟部412位于第一虚拟像素区121a，第二虚拟部422 位于第二虚拟像素区121b。
本公开实施例提供的显示基板，第一虚拟部412和第二虚拟部422位于显示区11的相对侧，能够防止第一虚拟部412和第二虚拟部422占用较大的空间，从而防止边框宽度的增加。
可选地，如图4和图5所示，第一颜色发光层41包括至少两个第一虚拟部412，每个第一虚拟部412与部分第一主体部411连接，第二颜色发光层42包括至少两个第二虚拟部422，每个第二虚拟部422与部分第二主体部421连接。
在该显示基板中，将同种颜色的发光层的部分主体部进行连接，能够有效提升发光层的厚度的均一性。针对将同种颜色的发光层的部分主体部进行连接的情形，具有不同颜色像素列的排布，以下进行详细说明。
在一些可选的实施方式中，如图4所示，有机发光层4还包括第三颜色发光层43，第三颜色发光层43包括第三主体部431，在第二方向X上，第一主体部411、第二主体部421和第三主体部431交替排布。
具体地，如图4所示，第一颜色发光层41、第二颜色发光层42以及第三颜色发光层43分别对应红色有机发光层R、绿色有机发光层G和蓝色有机发光层B，由于蓝色发光材料的发光效率较低，寿命也较低。因此，在具体实施时，可将限定蓝色像素列的第一挡墙311之间的距离设计得大于限定红色和绿色像素列的第一挡墙311之间的距离，以使蓝色发光层的第三主体部的面积大于红色发光层的第一主体部和绿色发光层的第二主体部面积，即蓝色子像素的面积大于红色子像素、绿色子像素的面积，以补偿蓝色发光材料的发光效率和寿命。
本公开实施例提供的显示基板，将两种颜色中相邻的有机发光层的主体部进行连接，有利于提升有机发光层的厚度的均匀性。
在另一些可选的实施方式中，如图5所示，至少一种颜色的发光层还可以包括第三颜色发光层43，第三颜色发光层43包括位于显示区11的多个第三主体部431和位于虚拟像素区121的第三虚拟部432。两个相邻第三主体部 431之间包括一个第一主体部411或一个第二主体部421，即可以认为在第二方向X上，第一主体部411和第二主体部421交替排布，且在相邻的第一主体部411和第二主体部421之间设置一个第三主体部431；第三虚拟部432位于第一虚拟像素区121a和/或第二虚拟像素区121b。
具体地，如图5所示，第一颜色发光层41、第二颜色发光层42以及第三颜色发光层43分别对应红色有机发光层、绿色有机发光层和蓝色有机发光层，在本实施例中，蓝色有机发光层的主体部的数量多于红色有机发光层和绿色有机发光层的主体部的数量，有利于补偿蓝色发光材料的发光效率以及提升显示装置的寿命。
在图5所示的显示基板中，第三颜色发光层43(蓝色发光层)的多个第三虚拟部432中，既有位于第一虚拟像素区121a的，也有位于第二虚拟像素区121b的，例如，位于第一虚拟像素区121a的第三虚拟部432既能够实现相邻第三主体部431的连接，又不会增加第一虚拟像素区121a在第一方向Y的宽度。
由于蓝色像素列的数量较多，因此，可将限定红色、绿色以及蓝色像素列的第一挡墙311设计为等距离，既可以认为在第二方向X上，第一主体部411、第二主体部421和第三主体部431的宽度相同，这有利于降低形成第一像素界定结构31的掩膜版的设计难度、以及降低第一像素界定结构31的刻蚀工艺的难度。
可选地，如图6和图7所示，本公开实施例提供的显示基板中，第一颜色发光层41包括一个第一虚拟部412，第一虚拟部412与全部第一主体部411连接，第二颜色发光层42包括一个第二虚拟部422，第二虚拟部422与全部第二主体部421连接。
在该显示基板中，将同种颜色的发光层的全部主体部进行连接，能够有效提升发光层的厚度的均一性。针对将同种颜色的发光层的全部主体部进行连接的情形，具有不同颜色像素列的排布，以下进行详细说明。
在一些具体的实施方式中，如图6所示，有机发光层还包括第三颜色发 光层43，第三颜色发光层43包括第三主体部431，在第二方向X上，第一主体部411、第二主体部421和第三主体部431交替排布。
具体地，如图6所示，第一颜色发光层41、第二颜色发光层42以及第三颜色发光层43分别对应红色有机发光层R、绿色有机发光层G和蓝色有机发光层B，第一颜色发光层41(红色有机发光层)、第二颜色发光层42(绿色有机发光层)的全部主体部通过相应的虚拟部进行连接，而第三颜色发光层43(蓝色有机发光层)仅包括第三主体部431，而第三主体部431未进行连接。需要说明的是，可根据实际设计情况，选择任意两种颜色的发光层的主体部进行连接。
由于蓝色发光材料的发光效率较低，寿命也较低，因此，在具体实施时，可将限定蓝色像素列的第一挡墙311之间的距离设计得大于限定红色和绿色像素列的第一挡墙311之间的距离，以使蓝色发光层的第三主体部的面积大于红色发光层的第一主体部和绿色发光层的第二主体部面积，即蓝色子像素的面积大于红色子像素、绿色子像素的面积，以补偿蓝色发光材料的发光效率和寿命。
本公开实施例提供的显示基板，将两种颜色中相邻的有机发光层的主体部进行连接，有利于提升有机发光层的厚度的均匀性。
在另一些具体的实施方式中，如图7所示，至少一种颜色的发光层还可以包括第三颜色发光层43，第三颜色发光层43包括位于显示区11的多个第三主体部431和位于虚拟像素区121的第三虚拟部432。两个相邻第三主体部431之间包括一个第一主体部411或一个第二主体部421，即可以认为在第二方向X上，第一主体部411和第二主体部421交替排布，且在相邻的第一主体部411和第二主体部421之间设置一个第三主体部431；在第二方向上，第三虚拟部432交替排布在第一虚拟像素区121a和第二虚拟像素区121b。
具体地，如图7所示，第一颜色发光层41、第二颜色发光层42以及第三颜色发光层43分别对应红色有机发光层、绿色有机发光层和蓝色有机发光层，在本实施例中，蓝色有机发光层的主体部的数量多于红色有机发光层和绿色 有机发光层的主体部的数量，有利于补偿蓝色发光材料的发光效率以及提升显示装置的寿命。
在图7所示的显示基板中，第三颜色发光层43(蓝色发光层)的多个第三虚拟部432中，既有位于第一虚拟像素区121a的，也有位于第二虚拟像素区121b的，例如，位于第一虚拟像素区121a的第三虚拟部432既能够实现相邻第三主体部431的连接，又不会增加第一虚拟像素区121a在第一方向Y的宽度。
如图7所示，由于蓝色像素列的数量较多，因此，可将限定红色、绿色以及蓝色像素列的第一挡墙311设计为等距离，既可以认为在第二方向X上，第一主体部411、第二主体部421和第三主体部431的宽度相同，这有利于降低形成第一像素界定结构31的掩膜版的设计难度、以及降低第一像素界定结构31的刻蚀工艺的难度。
本公开实施例提供的显示基板，将各颜色的有机发光层的主体部全部进行连接，使得每个颜色的墨水都在整个显示基板上都是连通的，有利于提升有机发光层的厚度的均匀性。
可选地，请结合图8至图10，本公开实施例提供的显示基板还可以包括位于有机发光层4远离衬底1的一侧形成第二电极层5。通常，将第一电极层2作为阳极层，将第二电极层5作为阴极层。
可选地，显示基板还可以包括位于第一电极层3与衬底1之间的驱动电路，具体地，驱动电路包括薄膜晶体管、电容、栅极线、数据线、感测线等，在制作过程中需形成相应的有源层、导电层、绝缘层等，并对有源层、导电层、绝缘层进行图形化处理以获得薄膜晶体管、电容、栅极线、数据线、感测线等。
本公开实施例还提供了一种显示基板的制作方法，如图11所示，并结合图1，本公开实施例提供的显示基板的制作方法包括：
S1：提供一衬底1，衬底包括显示区11和边框区12。
S2：在衬底1上形成第一电极层2，并对第一电极层2进行图形化处理以 获得与子像素一一对应的第一电极21。
S3：在第一电极层2远离衬底1的一侧形成像素界定结构3。
像素界定结构3包括第一像素界定结构31和厚度小于第一像素界定结构31的第二像素界定结构32，第一像素界定结构31包括位于显示区11的第一挡墙311和位于边框区12的第二挡墙312，第一挡墙311沿第一方向Y延伸且相邻第一挡墙311限定与像素列一一对应的像素列开口A，第二挡墙312沿第二方向X延伸，且与限定同种颜色的至少两个相邻的像素列开口A的第一挡墙311连接；第二像素界定结构312包括多个位于显示区11的第三挡墙321，第三挡墙321位于像素列开口A内以将像素列开口A划分为与子像素一一对应的像素开口M，一个像素开口M在衬底1上的正投影位于一个第一电极21在衬底1上的正投影内，第二方向X与第一方向Y相交。
S4：形成有机发光层4。
有机发光层4可以包括第一颜色发光层41和第二颜色发光层42，第一颜色发光层41包括位于显示区11的第一主体部411和位于边框区12的第一虚拟部412，第一主体部411铺满相应的像素列开口A所限定的区域，第一虚拟部412与至少两个相邻的第一主体部411连接，第二颜色发光层42包括位于显示区11的第二主体部421和位于边框区12的第二虚拟部422，第二主体部421铺满相应的像素列开口A所限定的区域，第二虚拟部422与至少两个相邻的第二主体部421连接。
本公开实施例提供的显示基板的制作方法，利用第一像素界定结构31形成多个像素列开口A，利用第二像素界定结构32来划分子像素，且将至少一种颜色对应的像素列开口A在虚拟像素区12进行连通，从而使得形成至少一个颜色的全部子像素的墨水在整个显示基板内是可流通的。即使部分颜色所对应的像素列开口A并未进行连通，而该部分颜色的子像素所对应的像素列开口A也能够使整列的子像素的墨水是可在该像素列开口A内流通。如此有利于提升各颜色的有机发光层的厚度的均匀性，从而提升显示装置的显示效果。
可选地，请结合图1和图2，在本公开实施例提供的显示基板的制作方法中，步骤S3包括：在衬底1的一侧形成像素界定材料层，并采用半色调工艺对像素界定材料层进行图形化处理以形成第一像素界定结构31和第二像素界定结构32，半色调工艺处理前的第一像素界定结构31至少部分具有疏水性，半色调工艺处理后的第二像素界定结构32具有亲水性。
由于半色调工艺使不同区域的受照射情况不同，不仅能够形成厚度不同的第一像素界定结构31和第二像素界定结构32，且当材料受到特定照射时，能够改变材料表明的官能团的结构，从而使材料的亲疏水性质发生变化，基于上述原理，能够通过对半色调工艺的参数进行调整来实现第一像素界定结构31和第二像素界定结构32和厚度以及亲疏水性质的控制。
本公开实施例提供的显示基板的制作方法，由于第一像素界定结构31和第二像素界定结构32分别具有疏水性和亲水性，有利于墨水在第一开口212内流通且不易外溢到相邻的像素列开口A内；像素界定结构3能够通过对一种材料以半色调工艺形成，减少了工艺步骤，有利于降低显示基板的生产成本。
可选地，请结合图1和图3，在本公开实施例提供的显示基板的制作方法中，步骤S3包括：
在衬底1的一侧形成第二像素界定材料层，并对第二像素界定材料层进行图形化处理以获得第二像素界定结构32；
在第二像素界定材料层远离衬底1的一侧形成第一像素界定材料层，并对第一像素界定材料层进行图形化处理以获得第一像素界定结构31。
本公开实施例提供的显示基板的制作方法，分别采用疏水材料和亲水材料制成第一像素界定结构31和第二像素界定结构32，获得的像素界定结构有利于墨水在像素列开口A内流通且不易外溢到相邻的像素列开口A内。
可选地，请结合图8至图10，本公开实施例提供的显示基板的制作方法还包括以下步骤：在有机发光层4远离衬底1的一侧形成第二电极层5。通常，将第一电极层2作为阳极层，将第二电极层5作为阴极层。
可选地，本公开实施例提供的显示基板还包括位于第一电极层2与衬底1之间的驱动电路，本公开实施例提供的显示基板的制作方法还包括：在形成第一电极层2之前，在衬底1上形成驱动电路。
具体地，驱动电路包括薄膜晶体管、电容、栅极线、数据线、感测线等，在制作过程中需形成相应的有源层、导电层、绝缘层等，并对有源层、导电层、绝缘层进行图形化处理以获得薄膜晶体管、电容、栅极线、数据线、感测线等。
基于同一发明构思，本公开实施例还提供了一种显示面板，如图12所示，该显示面板包括上述实施例提供的显示基板，具有上述实施例中的显示基板的有益效果，在此不再赘述。
本公开实施例提供的显示面板还包括封装结构，封装结构用于对显示面板进行保护。具体地，封装结构可以为薄膜封装结构，以防止水氧显示基板进行侵蚀。
此外，本公开实施例提供的显示面板还可以包括盖板，以用于对显示面板进行进一步保护。
基于同一发明构思，本公开实施例还提供了一种显示装置，如图13所示，该显示装置，包括实施例中的显示面板，具有本公开上述实施例提供的显示面板的有益效果，在此不再赘述。
具体地，本公开实施例提供的显示装置还可以包括驱动芯片和供电电源，其中，驱动芯片为显示面板提供驱动信号，而供电电源为显示面板提供电能。
应用本公开实施例，至少能够实现如下有益效果：
本公开实施例提供的显示基板、显示面板及显示装置，利用第一像素界定结构形成多个对应像素列的开口，并利用第二像素界定结构来划分子像素，且将至少一种颜色对应的像素列开口在虚拟像素区进行连通，从而使得形成至少一种颜色的子像素的墨水(含有有机发光层材料的溶液)在多个像素列开口内是可流通的，即使部分像素列开口并未进行连通，但该部分像素列开口内的墨水也可以在该像素列开口内流通，如此有利于提升有机发光层的厚 度的均匀性，从而提升显示装置的显示效果。
本技术领域技术人员可以理解，本公开中已经讨论过的各种操作、方法、流程中的步骤、措施、方案可以被交替、更改、组合或删除。进一步地，具有本公开中已经讨论过的各种操作、方法、流程中的其他步骤、措施、方案也可以被交替、更改、重排、分解、组合或删除。进一步地，相关技术中的具有与本公开中公开的各种操作、方法、流程中的步骤、措施、方案也可以被交替、更改、重排、分解、组合或删除。
在本公开的描述中，需要理解的是，术语“中心”、“上”、“下”、“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“顶”、“底”、“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本公开和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本公开的限制。
术语“第一”、“第二”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此，限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括一个或者更多个该特征。在本公开的描述中，除非另有说明，“多个”的含义是两个或两个以上。
在本公开的描述中，需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以具体情况理解上述术语在本公开中的具体含义。
在本说明书的描述中，具体特征、结构、材料或者特点可以在任何的一个或多个实施例或示例中以合适的方式结合。
应该理解的是，虽然附图的流程图中的各个步骤按照箭头的指示依次显示，但是这些步骤并不是必然按照箭头指示的顺序依次执行。除非本文中有明确的说明，这些步骤的执行并没有严格的顺序限制，其可以以其他的顺序执行。而且，附图的流程图中的至少一部分步骤可以包括多个子步骤或者多 个阶段，这些子步骤或者阶段并不必然是在同一时刻执行完成，而是可以在不同的时刻执行，其执行顺序也不必然是依次进行，而是可以与其他步骤或者其他步骤的子步骤或者阶段的至少一部分轮流或者交替地执行。
以上所述仅是本公开的部分实施方式，应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本公开原理的前提下，还可以做出若干改进和润饰，这些改进和润饰也应视为本公开的保护范围。

Claims (17)

  1. 一种显示基板，包括至少两种颜色不同的子像素，所述子像素沿第一方向排布为像素列，位于同一所述像素列的各所述子像素的颜色相同，其中，所述显示基板包括：
    衬底，包括显示区和位于所述显示区周围的边框区；
    第一电极层，位于所述衬底的一侧且包括与所述子像素一一对应的第一电极；
    像素界定结构，包括第一像素界定结构和厚度小于所述第一像素界定结构的第二像素界定结构，所述第一像素界定结构包括位于所述显示区的第一挡墙和位于所述边框区的第二挡墙，所述第一挡墙沿所述第一方向延伸且相邻所述第一挡墙限定与所述像素列一一对应的像素列开口，所述第二挡墙沿第二方向延伸，且与限定同种颜色的至少两个相邻的所述像素列开口的所述第一挡墙连接；所述第二像素界定结构包括位于所述显示区的第三挡墙，所述第三挡墙位于所述像素列开口内以将所述像素列开口划分为与所述子像素一一对应的像素开口，一个所述像素开口在所述衬底上的正投影位于一个所述第一电极在所述衬底上的正投影内，所述第二方向与所述第一方向相交；
    有机发光层，所述有机发光层至少包括两种颜色不同的发光层，至少一种颜色的发光层包括位于所述显示区的主体部和位于所述边框区的虚拟部，所述主体部铺满相应的所述像素列开口所限定的区域，同一种颜色的发光层中的所述虚拟部与至少两个相邻的所述主体部连接。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的显示基板，其中，所述边框区包括虚拟像素区，所述虚拟部位于所述虚拟像素区。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的显示基板，其中，所述虚拟像素区包括第一虚拟像素区和位于所述显示区远离所述第一虚拟像素区一侧的第二虚拟像素区；
    所述至少一种颜色的发光层包括第一颜色发光层和第二颜色发光层，所述第一颜色发光层包括第一主体部和第一虚拟部，所述第二颜色发光层包括 第二主体部和第二虚拟部；
    所述第一虚拟部和所述第二虚拟部均沿所述第二方向延伸，所述第一虚拟部位于所述第一虚拟像素区，所述第二虚拟部位于所述第二虚拟像素区。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的显示基板，其中，所述第一颜色发光层包括至少两个所述第一虚拟部，每个所述第一虚拟部与部分所述第一主体部连接，所述第二颜色发光层包括至少两个所述第二虚拟部，每个所述第二虚拟部与部分所述第二主体部连接。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的显示基板，其中，所述至少一种颜色的发光层还包括第三颜色发光层，所述第三颜色发光层包括第三主体部和第三虚拟部；
    在所述第二方向上，所述第一主体部和所述第二主体部交替排布，且在相邻的所述第一主体部和所述第二主体部之间设置一个所述第三主体部；
    所述第三虚拟部位于第一虚拟像素区和/或所述第二虚拟像素区。
  6. 根据权利要求3所述的显示基板，其中，所述第一颜色发光层包括一个所述第一虚拟部，所述第一虚拟部与全部所述第一主体部连接；
    所述第二颜色发光层包括一个所述第二虚拟部，所述第二虚拟部与全部所述第二主体部连接。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的显示基板，其中，所述至少一种颜色的发光层还包括第三颜色发光层，所述第三颜色发光层包括第三主体部和第三虚拟部，
    在所述第二方向上，所述第一主体部和所述第二主体部交替排布，且在相邻的所述第一主体部和所述第二主体部之间设置一个所述第三主体部；
    在所述第二方向上，所述第三虚拟部交替排布在所述第一虚拟像素区和所述第二虚拟像素区。
  8. 根据权利要求4或6所述的显示基板，其中，所述有机发光层还包括第三颜色发光层，所述第三颜色发光层包括第三主体部，在所述第二方向上，所述第一主体部、所述第二主体部和所述第三主体部交替排布。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的显示基板，其中，所述第三颜色发光层为蓝色发光层；
    在所述第二方向上，所述第一主体部和所述第二主体部均小于所述第三主体部的宽度相同。
  10. 根据权利要求5或7所述的显示基板，其中，所述第三颜色发光层为蓝色发光层；
    在所述第二方向上，所述第一主体部、所述第二主体部和所述第三主体部的宽度相同。
  11. 根据权利要求1-7、9中任一项所述的显示基板，其中，所述虚拟部在所述衬底上的正投影与所述第一电极在所述衬底上的正投影互不交叠。
  12. 根据权利要求1-7、9中任一项所述的显示基板，其中，所述第一像素界定结构的厚度为1.2μm～2μm，所述第二像素界定结构的厚度为0.5μm～1μm。
  13. 根据权利要求1-7、9中任一项所述的显示基板，其中，所述第一像素界定结构和所述第二像素界定结构采用同一材料一体成型。
  14. 根据权利要求1-7、9中任一项所述的显示基板，其中，所述第一像素界定结构位于所述第二像素界定结构远离所述衬底的一侧。
  15. 根据权利要求1-7、9中任一项所述的显示基板，其中，所述第一像素界定结构的材料为疏液材料，所述第二像素界定结构的材料为亲液材料。
  16. 一种显示面板，其中，包括权利要求1-15中任一项所述的显示基板。
  17. 一种显示装置，其中，包括权利要求16所述的显示面板。
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