WO2021234952A1 - 熱交換器及び該熱交換器を備えた空気調和機 - Google Patents
熱交換器及び該熱交換器を備えた空気調和機 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2021234952A1 WO2021234952A1 PCT/JP2020/020345 JP2020020345W WO2021234952A1 WO 2021234952 A1 WO2021234952 A1 WO 2021234952A1 JP 2020020345 W JP2020020345 W JP 2020020345W WO 2021234952 A1 WO2021234952 A1 WO 2021234952A1
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- heat exchange
- refrigerant
- flow path
- heat exchanger
- valve
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B13/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, with reversible cycle
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B39/00—Evaporators; Condensers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B30/00—Heat pumps
- F25B30/02—Heat pumps of the compression type
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
- F25B41/20—Disposition of valves, e.g. of on-off valves or flow control valves
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B6/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, with several condenser circuits
- F25B6/04—Compression machines, plants or systems, with several condenser circuits arranged in series
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D1/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
- F28D1/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
- F28D1/04—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits
- F28D1/0408—Multi-circuit heat exchangers, e.g. integrating different heat exchange sections in the same unit or heat exchangers for more than two fluids
- F28D1/0426—Multi-circuit heat exchangers, e.g. integrating different heat exchange sections in the same unit or heat exchangers for more than two fluids with units having particular arrangement relative to the large body of fluid, e.g. with interleaved units or with adjacent heat exchange units in common air flow or with units extending at an angle to each other or with units arranged around a central element
- F28D1/0443—Combination of units extending one beside or one above the other
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F27/00—Control arrangements or safety devices specially adapted for heat-exchange or heat-transfer apparatus
- F28F27/02—Control arrangements or safety devices specially adapted for heat-exchange or heat-transfer apparatus for controlling the distribution of heat-exchange media between different channels
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2313/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for
- F25B2313/025—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for using multiple outdoor units
- F25B2313/0253—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for using multiple outdoor units in parallel arrangements
- F25B2313/02531—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for using multiple outdoor units in parallel arrangements during cooling
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2313/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for
- F25B2313/025—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for using multiple outdoor units
- F25B2313/0253—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for using multiple outdoor units in parallel arrangements
- F25B2313/02533—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for using multiple outdoor units in parallel arrangements during heating
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2313/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for
- F25B2313/025—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for using multiple outdoor units
- F25B2313/0254—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for using multiple outdoor units in series arrangements
- F25B2313/02541—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for using multiple outdoor units in series arrangements during cooling
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B39/00—Evaporators; Condensers
- F25B39/02—Evaporators
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B39/00—Evaporators; Condensers
- F25B39/04—Condensers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D1/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
- F28D1/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
- F28D1/04—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits
- F28D1/053—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being straight
- F28D1/0535—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being straight the conduits having a non-circular cross-section
- F28D1/05366—Assemblies of conduits connected to common headers, e.g. core type radiators
- F28D1/05383—Assemblies of conduits connected to common headers, e.g. core type radiators with multiple rows of conduits or with multi-channel conduits
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
- F28F1/10—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses
- F28F1/12—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element
- F28F1/126—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element consisting of zig-zag shaped fins
Definitions
- the present disclosure relates to a heat exchanger having a plurality of flat tubes and fins provided between adjacent flat tubes, and an air conditioner provided with the heat exchanger.
- Patent Document 1 As a heat exchanger used for an outdoor unit of an air conditioner, as disclosed in Patent Document 1, a plurality of refrigerant flow paths flowing in the vertical direction are formed and arranged in parallel at intervals from each other.
- a configuration with a header is known.
- the refrigerant is vertically raised inside the flat tube, so it is necessary to increase the flow velocity of the refrigerant.
- the air conditioning load is small, the operating frequency of the compressor may be lowered to perform partial load operation.
- the region below the refrigerant flow velocity required to ascend the inside of the flat tube. May occur and the heat exchange performance may deteriorate.
- This disclosure is made in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, and is necessary for raising the inside of the flat tube even when the operating frequency of the compressor is lowered and the partial load operation is performed. It is an object of the present invention to provide a heat exchanger and an air conditioner provided with the heat exchanger, which can obtain the refrigerant flow velocity to be used and can suppress deterioration of heat exchange performance.
- the heat exchanger according to the present disclosure is a heat exchanger having a plurality of heat exchange units that exchange heat between the refrigerant and air, and the heat exchange unit is formed with a refrigerant flow path that flows in the vertical direction.
- a plurality of flat tubes arranged in parallel at intervals from each other, a plurality of fins provided between the adjacent flat tubes, and an upper header to which the upper ends of the plurality of flat tubes are connected.
- a lower header to which the upper end of each of the plurality of flat tubes is connected, and the plurality of heat exchange portions are connected to each other so that the upper headers can be circulated, and the lower headers of each other are opened and closed.
- the on-off valve is controlled so as to be flowably connected via a valve and functions as a condenser
- the flow path direction of the refrigerant in at least one of the heat exchange sections of the plurality of heat exchange sections is controlled. It is configured so that it faces upward and the flow path direction of the other refrigerant in the heat exchange section faces downward.
- the air conditioner according to the present disclosure includes a compressor and the heat exchanger through which the refrigerant discharged from the compressor flows, and the on-off valve is controlled according to a preset operating frequency of the compressor. Is to be done.
- the heat exchanger of the present disclosure for example, when the operating frequency of the compressor is lowered to perform partial load operation, only the refrigerant flowing through a part of the heat exchanger is used. Since it can be raised inside the flat tube, it is possible to obtain the refrigerant flow velocity required for raising the inside of the flat tube, and it is possible to suppress a decrease in heat exchange performance.
- FIG. 1 It is a refrigerant circuit diagram of the air conditioner which concerns on Embodiment 1. It is a perspective view which looked at the cross section of the part II shown in FIG. 1 from above. It is a graph which showed the relationship between the height of the flat tube of the heat exchanger which concerns on Embodiment 1 and the flow velocity required for vertical ascending. It is explanatory drawing which showed the operation in the case of the heat exchanger which concerns on Embodiment 1 and the air conditioning load is small at the time of a cooling operation. It is explanatory drawing which showed the operation of the heat exchanger which concerns on Embodiment 1 when the air conditioning load is large at the time of a cooling operation. FIG.
- FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing the operation of the heat exchanger according to the first embodiment during the heating operation. It is explanatory drawing which showed the operation of the heat exchanger which concerns on Embodiment 2 when the air conditioning load is small at the time of a cooling operation. It is explanatory drawing which showed the operation of the heat exchanger which concerns on Embodiment 2 when the air conditioning load is large at the time of a cooling operation. It is explanatory drawing which showed the operation in the heating operation which is the heat exchanger which concerns on Embodiment 2.
- FIG. 1 is a refrigerant circuit diagram of the air conditioner according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the cross section of the part II shown in FIG. 1 as viewed from above.
- the arrow in FIG. 1 indicates the direction in which the refrigerant flows.
- the white outline of each on-off valve indicates the open state of the valve, and the black color of each on-off valve indicates the closed state of the valve.
- the air conditioner 300 is composed of an outdoor unit 100 and an indoor unit 200.
- the air conditioner 300 includes a compressor 101, a first flow path switching means 102, an indoor heat exchanger 201, an expansion mechanism 103, an outdoor heat exchanger 104, and a refrigerant container 105. It has a refrigerant circuit that circulates the refrigerant by connecting with.
- the outdoor unit 100 includes a compressor 101, a first flow path switching means 102, an expansion mechanism 103, an outdoor heat exchanger 104, and a refrigerant container 105.
- the indoor unit 200 includes an indoor heat exchanger 201.
- the air conditioner 300 is not limited to the illustrated components, and may include other components.
- the operation of the air conditioner 300 is controlled by the control unit 109.
- the control unit 109 is composed of an arithmetic unit such as a microcomputer or a CPU, and software executed on the arithmetic unit.
- the control unit 109 may be configured by hardware such as a circuit device that realizes the function.
- the compressor 101 compresses the sucked refrigerant and discharges it in a high temperature and high pressure state.
- the compressor 101 is a positive displacement compressor having a configuration in which the operating capacity (frequency) can be changed and is driven by a motor controlled by an inverter.
- the first flow path switching means 102 is a four-way valve as an example, and has a function of switching the flow path of the refrigerant.
- the first flow path switching means 102 connects the refrigerant discharge side of the compressor 101 and the gas side of the outdoor heat exchanger 104 during the cooling operation, and connects the refrigerant suction side of the compressor 101 and the indoor heat exchanger 201. Switch the refrigerant flow path so as to connect to the gas side.
- the first flow path switching means 102 connects the refrigerant discharge side of the compressor 101 and the gas side of the indoor heat exchanger 201 during the heating operation, and connects the refrigerant suction side of the compressor 101 and the outdoor heat exchanger.
- the refrigerant flow path is switched so as to connect to the gas side of 104.
- the first flow path switching means 102 may be configured by combining a two-way valve or a three-way valve.
- the indoor heat exchanger 201 functions as an evaporator during the cooling operation, and causes heat exchange between the refrigerant flowing out from the expansion mechanism 103 and the air. Further, the indoor heat exchanger 201 functions as a condenser during the heating operation, and causes heat exchange between the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 101 and the air. The indoor heat exchanger 201 sucks indoor air by an indoor blower and supplies the air that has exchanged heat with the refrigerant into the room.
- the expansion mechanism 103 decompresses and expands the refrigerant flowing in the refrigerant circuit, and is composed of an electronic expansion valve whose opening degree is variably controlled as an example.
- the refrigerant container 105 is, for example, a receiver or an accumulator. The refrigerant container 105 stores excess liquid refrigerant during operation.
- the outdoor heat exchanger 104 functions as a condenser during the cooling operation, and causes heat exchange between the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 101 and the air. Further, the outdoor heat exchanger 104 functions as an evaporator during the heating operation, and causes heat exchange between the refrigerant flowing out from the expansion mechanism 103 and the air. The outdoor heat exchanger 104 sucks in the outdoor air by the outdoor blower and discharges the air that has exchanged heat with the refrigerant to the outside.
- the outdoor heat exchanger 104 has a first heat exchange unit 104A and a second heat exchange unit 104B that exchange heat between the refrigerant and air. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a plurality of refrigerant flow paths 10 flowing in the vertical direction Y are formed in the first heat exchange unit 104A and the second heat exchange unit 104B, and are arranged in parallel at intervals from each other.
- the flat tube 1 is made of, for example, aluminum.
- the flat tubes 1 are arranged in parallel at intervals in the left-right direction X so as to be orthogonal to the flow direction Z of the air flow. Further, the flat tube 1 is arranged so that the flow direction Z of the air flow and the flat surface are substantially parallel to each other.
- a plurality of refrigerant flow paths 10 through which the refrigerant flows in the vertical direction Y are formed in parallel along the flow direction Z of the air flow.
- the vertical direction Y includes not only the vertical direction but also a state of being tilted with respect to the vertical direction.
- the left-right direction X includes not only the horizontal direction but also a state of being tilted with respect to the horizontal direction.
- the fin 2 is made of aluminum, for example, and is a member that transfers the heat of the refrigerant flowing through the flat tube 1.
- the fin 2 is a corrugated fin formed by bending a thin plate in a wavy shape.
- the fins 2 are provided between two flat tubes 1 adjacent to each other among the plurality of flat tubes 1.
- the bent apex of the fin 2 is joined to the flat surface of either of the two flat tubes 1.
- the space between the fin 2 and the flat tube 1 is a ventilation path through which air flows.
- the fin 2 may be configured to have a drain hole, a louver, or the like for draining condensed water on each slope.
- the fin 2 is not limited to the corrugated fin, and may be, for example, a plate fin.
- the first heat exchange unit 104A and the second heat exchange unit 104B are arranged side by side.
- One end of the upper header 3 of the first heat exchange unit 104A and one end of the upper header 3 of the second heat exchange unit 104B are connected to each other so as to be circulated by the first connection pipe 5.
- One end of the lower header 4 of the first heat exchange unit 104A and one end of the lower header 4 of the second heat exchange unit 104B are connected to each other so as to be circulated by the second connection pipe 6.
- the second connection pipe 6 is provided with an on-off valve 6a controlled by the control unit 109.
- the on-off valve 6a is, for example, a solenoid valve.
- the upper header 3 of the first heat exchange unit 104A and the upper header 3 of the second heat exchange unit 104B are not connected by the first connection pipe 5, but are connected by one header. It may be configured. Further, the lower header 4 of the first heat exchange unit 104A and the lower header 4 of the second heat exchange unit 104B may be configured by one header without being connected by the second connection pipe 6. In this case, an on-off valve for controlling the flow between the first heat exchange unit 104A and the second heat exchange unit 104B shall be provided inside the combined lower header.
- a first flow path pipe 7 branched from the refrigerant pipe 107 between the first flow path switching means 102 and the outdoor heat exchanger 104 is connected to the other end of the lower header 4 of the first heat exchange unit 104A. ing.
- the refrigerant pipe 107 is provided with a second flow path switching means 106 at a position where the first flow path pipe 7 branches.
- the second flow path switching means 106 is, for example, a three-way valve and is controlled by the control unit 109.
- the second flow path pipe 8 is provided with an on-off valve 8a controlled by the control unit 109.
- the on-off valve 8a is, for example, a solenoid valve.
- the third flow path pipe 9 is provided with an on-off valve 9a controlled by the control unit 109.
- the on-off valve 9a is, for example, a solenoid valve.
- a valve body 108 is provided in the refrigerant pipe 107 between the connection point of the second flow path pipe 8 and the connection point of the third flow path pipe 9. By the valve body 108, the refrigerant flowing between the connection point of the second flow path pipe 8 and the connection point of the third flow path pipe 9 flows only in one direction.
- the high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant discharged from the compressor 101 passes through the first flow path switching means 102, flows to the outdoor heat exchanger 104 via the first flow path piping 7, and is heat-exchanged with air to be a liquid refrigerant. It becomes.
- the liquid refrigerant flows out to the refrigerant pipe 107 via the second flow path pipe 8 or the third flow path pipe 9, is depressurized by the expansion mechanism 103, becomes a low-pressure gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant, and reaches the indoor heat exchanger 201. It flows and exchanges heat with air to become a gas refrigerant.
- the gas refrigerant passes through the first flow path switching means 102 and is sucked into the compressor 101 via the refrigerant container 105.
- the high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant discharged from the compressor 101 passes through the first flow path switching means 102, flows to the indoor heat exchanger 201, and is heat-exchanged with air to become a liquid refrigerant.
- the liquid refrigerant is decompressed by the expansion mechanism 103 to become a low-pressure gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant, flows to the outdoor heat exchanger 104 via the third flow path pipe 9, and is heat-exchanged with air to become a gas refrigerant.
- the gas refrigerant flows out to the refrigerant pipe 107 via the second flow path pipe 8, passes through the first flow path switching means 102, and then is sucked into the compressor 101 via the refrigerant container 105.
- FIG. 3 is a graph showing the relationship between the height of the flat tube of the heat exchanger according to the first embodiment and the flow velocity required for vertical ascent.
- the horizontal axis indicates the height of the flat tube.
- the vertical axis shows the refrigerant flow rate required for vertical ascent.
- the above-mentioned outdoor heat exchanger 104 vertically raises the refrigerant inside the flat pipe 1. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 3, when the height of the flat tube 1 is increased, the flow velocity of the refrigerant required for vertical ascent increases. For example, in the variable capacity air conditioner 300, if the air conditioning load is small, the operating frequency of the compressor 101 may be lowered to perform partial load operation. In this case, in the outdoor heat exchanger 104, the refrigerant inside all the flat pipes 1 is uniformly affected by gravity, so that the region below the refrigerant flow velocity required to ascend the inside of the flat pipe 1 is located. It may occur and the heat exchange performance may deteriorate.
- the on-off valve 6a is controlled according to the preset operating frequency of the compressor 101 to exchange the first heat.
- the direction of the flow path of the refrigerant flowing through the section 104A and the second heat exchange section 104B is changed.
- the arrows in FIGS. 4 to 6 indicate the direction in which the refrigerant flows.
- the white outline of each on-off valve indicates the open state of the valve, and the black color of each on-off valve indicates the closed state of the valve.
- FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing the operation of the heat exchanger according to the first embodiment when the air conditioning load is small during the cooling operation.
- the on-off valve 6a of the second connection pipe 6 is closed, and the flow path direction of the refrigerant of the first heat exchange unit 104A is set. Is oriented upward, and the flow path direction of the refrigerant of the second heat exchange unit 104B is configured to be downward.
- the gas refrigerant flowing from the first flow path pipe 7 to the lower header 4 of the first heat exchange section 104A is distributed to each flat tube 1 of the first heat exchange section 104A.
- the on-off valve 6a of the second connection pipe 6 is in the closed state, and the gas refrigerant flowing into the lower header 4 of the first heat exchange section 104A does not flow into the lower header 4 of the second heat exchange section 104B.
- the gas refrigerant rises inside the flat tube 1 and becomes a liquid refrigerant by condensing and liquefying.
- the liquid refrigerant of each flat pipe 1 merges at the upper header 3 and flows into the upper header 3 of the second heat exchange unit 104B via the first connection pipe 5.
- the liquid refrigerant that has flowed into the upper header 3 of the second heat exchange section 104B is distributed to each flat tube 1 of the second heat exchange section 104B and descends inside the flat tube 1. This makes it possible to obtain a subcool.
- the on-off valve 8a of the second flow path pipe 8 is in the closed state, and the liquid refrigerant flowing into the upper header 3 of the second heat exchange section 104B flows out to the refrigerant pipe 107 through the second flow path pipe 8. There is no.
- the liquid refrigerant descending from each flat pipe 1 of the second heat exchange portion 104B merges at the lower header 4, and flows out to the refrigerant pipe 107 via the third flow path pipe 9 in which the on-off valve 9a is opened. It flows to the expansion mechanism 103.
- FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing the operation of the heat exchanger according to the first embodiment when the air conditioning load is large during the cooling operation.
- the on-off valve 6a of the second connection pipe 6 is opened and the flow path direction of the refrigerant of the first heat exchange unit 104A is set.
- the direction of the flow path of the refrigerant of the second heat exchange unit 104B are configured to face upward.
- the gas refrigerant that has flowed from the first flow path pipe 7 into the lower header 4 of the first heat exchange section 104A is distributed to each flat pipe 1 of the first heat exchange section 104A, and is distributed to each flat pipe 1 of the first heat exchange section 104A, and is distributed via the second connection pipe 6. 2 Flows into the lower header 4 of the heat exchange section 104B.
- the on-off valve 9a of the third flow path pipe 9 is in the closed state, and the gas refrigerant flowing into the lower header 4 of the second heat exchange section 104B flows out to the refrigerant pipe 107 through the third flow path pipe 9. There is no.
- the gas refrigerant rises inside each flat tube 1 of the first heat exchange section 104A and the second heat exchange section 104B to be condensed and liquefied to become a liquid refrigerant.
- the liquid refrigerant of each flat tube 1 joins at the upper header 3.
- the liquid refrigerant in the upper header 3 of the first heat exchange section 104A flows into the upper header 3 of the second heat exchange section 104B via the first connection pipe 5, and the liquid refrigerant in the upper header 3 of the second heat exchange section 104B. Meet with.
- the merged liquid refrigerant flows out to the refrigerant pipe 107 through the second flow path pipe 8 in which the on-off valve 8a is opened, and flows to the expansion mechanism 103 through the valve body 108.
- the flow path direction of the refrigerant of the first heat exchange unit 104A and the second heat exchange unit 104B The heat exchange efficiency can be improved by pointing the direction of the flow path of the refrigerant upward.
- FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing the operation of the heat exchanger according to the first embodiment during the heating operation.
- the on-off valve 6a of the second connection pipe 6 is opened in the heating operation, the flow path direction of the refrigerant of the first heat exchange unit 104A, and the second heat. It is configured so that the flow path direction of the refrigerant of the exchange portion 104B faces upward.
- the gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant that has flowed into the lower header 4 of the second heat exchange section 104B from the third flow path pipe 9 in which the on-off valve 9a is opened is distributed to each flat tube 1 of the second heat exchange section 104B. At the same time, it flows into the lower header 4 of the first heat exchange section 104A via the second connection pipe 6. At this time, the flow path direction of the second flow path switching means 106 is controlled so that the gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant flowing into the lower header 4 of the first heat exchange unit 104A does not flow out to the first flow path pipe 7. ..
- the gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant rises inside each flat tube 1 of the first heat exchange section 104A and the second heat exchange section 104B and evaporates and vaporizes to become a gas refrigerant.
- the gas refrigerant of each flat tube 1 joins at the upper header 3.
- the gas refrigerant in the upper header 3 of the first heat exchange section 104A flows into the upper header 3 of the second heat exchange section 104B via the first connection pipe 5, and the gas refrigerant in the upper header 3 of the second heat exchange section 104B. Meet with.
- the combined gas refrigerant flows out to the refrigerant pipe 107 via the second flow path pipe 8 in which the on-off valve 8a is opened, and flows to the compressor 101.
- the pressure of the third flow path pipe 9 is higher than the pressure of the second flow path pipe 8, so that the gas refrigerant flowing out of the second flow path pipe 8 flows toward the valve body 108. There is no.
- the flow path direction of the refrigerant in the first heat exchange section 104A and the refrigerant in the second heat exchange section 104B The heat exchange efficiency can be improved by making the direction of the flow path upward.
- FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram showing the operation of the heat exchanger according to the second embodiment when the air conditioning load is small during the cooling operation.
- FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram showing the operation of the heat exchanger according to the second embodiment when the air conditioning load is large during the cooling operation.
- FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram showing the operation of the heat exchanger according to the second embodiment during the heating operation.
- the same components as the heat exchanger 104 described in the first embodiment and the air conditioner 300 provided with the heat exchanger 104 are designated by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof will be omitted as appropriate.
- the outdoor heat exchanger 104 has a first heat exchange unit 104A, a second heat exchange unit 104B, and a third heat exchange unit 104A for heat exchange between the refrigerant and air. It has a heat exchange unit 104C.
- the first heat exchange section 104A, the second heat exchange section 104B, and the third heat exchange section 104C have a refrigerant flow path 10 flowing in the vertical direction Y, and are arranged in parallel with each other spaced apart from each other.
- a plurality of flat tubes 1 provided, a plurality of fins 2 provided between adjacent flat tubes 1, an upper header 3 to which the upper ends of each of the plurality of flat tubes 1 are connected, and a plurality of flat tubes 1. It has a lower header 4 to which each lower end portion of the above is connected.
- the first heat exchange unit 104A, the second heat exchange unit 104B, and the third heat exchange unit 104C are arranged side by side.
- One end of the upper header 3 of the first heat exchange unit 104A and one end of the upper header 3 of the second heat exchange unit 104B are connected to each other so as to be circulated by the first connection pipe 5.
- the other end of the upper header 3 of the second heat exchange unit 104B and one end of the upper header 3 of the third heat exchange unit 104C are connected to each other so as to be circulated by the third connection pipe 50.
- the second connection pipe 6 is provided with an on-off valve 6a controlled by the control unit 109.
- the on-off valve 6a is, for example, a solenoid valve.
- the other end of the lower header 4 of the second heat exchange section 104B and one end of the lower header 4 of the third heat exchange section 104C are circably connected by the fourth connection pipe 60.
- the fourth connection pipe 60 is provided with an on-off valve 60a controlled by the control unit 109.
- the on-off valve 60a is, for example, a solenoid valve.
- the upper header 3 of the first heat exchange unit 104A, the upper header 3 of the second heat exchange unit 104B, and the upper header 3 of the third heat exchange unit 104C are first connected to each other.
- One header may be used without connecting with the pipe 5 and the third connection pipe 50.
- the lower header 4 of the first heat exchange section 104A, the lower header 4 of the second heat exchange section 104B, and the lower header 4 of the third heat exchange section 104C are connected to the second connection pipe 6 and the fourth connection pipe 60. It may be composed of one header without connecting with.
- an on-off valve for controlling the flow between the first heat exchange unit 104A and the second heat exchange unit 104B, the second heat exchange unit 104B, and the third heat exchange unit 104C are provided inside the combined lower header.
- An on-off valve and an on-off valve for controlling the distribution of the air are provided.
- a first flow path pipe 7 branched from the refrigerant pipe 107 between the first flow path switching means 102 and the outdoor heat exchanger 104 is connected to the other end of the lower header 4 of the first heat exchange unit 104A.
- the other end of the upper header 3 of the third heat exchange unit 104C is connected to the refrigerant pipe 107 between the second flow path switching means 106 and the expansion mechanism 103 via the second flow path pipe 8. ..
- the second flow path pipe 8 is provided with an on-off valve 8a controlled by the control unit 109.
- the on-off valve 8a is, for example, a solenoid valve.
- the third flow path pipe 9 is provided with an on-off valve 9a controlled by the control unit 109.
- the on-off valve 9a is, for example, a solenoid valve.
- the outdoor heat exchanger 104 controls the on-off valves 6a and 60a according to the preset operating frequency of the compressor 101, and performs the first heat exchange.
- the flow path direction of the refrigerant flowing through the parts 104A, the second heat exchange part 104B, and the third heat exchange part 104C is changed.
- the arrows in FIGS. 7 to 9 indicate the direction in which the refrigerant flows.
- the white outline of each on-off valve indicates the open state of the valve
- the black color of each on-off valve indicates the closed state of the valve.
- the on-off valve 6a of the second connecting pipe 6 is opened and the on-off valve 60a of the fourth connecting pipe 60 is opened. Is closed. That is, the flow path direction of the refrigerant of the first heat exchange section 104A and the flow path direction of the refrigerant of the second heat exchange section 104B are upward, and only the flow path direction of the refrigerant of the third heat exchange section 104C is downward. It is configured to be.
- the gas refrigerant flowing from the first flow path pipe 7 to the lower header 4 of the first heat exchange section 104A is distributed to each flat pipe 1 of the first heat exchange section 104A, and the second heat is distributed through the second connection pipe 6. It flows into the lower header 4 of the exchange section 104B and is distributed to each flat tube 1 of the second heat exchange section 104B.
- the on-off valve 60a of the fourth connection pipe 60 is in the closed state, and the gas refrigerant flowing into the lower header 4 of the second heat exchange section 104B does not flow into the lower header 4 of the third heat exchange section 104C. No.
- the gas refrigerant rises inside the flat tube 1 and becomes a liquid refrigerant by condensing and liquefying.
- the liquid refrigerant of each flat tube 1 joins at the upper header 3.
- the liquid refrigerant in the upper header 3 of the first heat exchange section 104A flows into the upper header 3 of the second heat exchange section 104B via the first connection pipe 5, and the liquid refrigerant in the upper header 3 of the second heat exchange section 104B. Meet with.
- the merged liquid refrigerant flows into the upper header 3 of the third heat exchange section 104C via the third connection pipe 50.
- the liquid refrigerant that has flowed into the upper header 3 of the third heat exchange section 104C is distributed to each flat tube 1 of the third heat exchange section 104C and descends inside the flat tube 1. This makes it possible to obtain a subcool.
- the on-off valve 8a of the second flow path pipe 8 is in the closed state, and the liquid refrigerant flowing into the upper header 3 of the third heat exchange unit 104C flows out to the refrigerant pipe 107 through the second flow path pipe 8. There is no.
- the liquid refrigerant descending from each flat pipe 1 of the third heat exchange section 104C merges at the lower header 4, and flows out to the refrigerant pipe 107 via the third flow path pipe 9 in which the on-off valve 9a is opened. It flows to the expansion mechanism 103.
- the outdoor heat exchanger 104 closes the on-off valve 6a of the second connection pipe 6 and the on-off valve 60a of the fourth connection pipe 60, and the refrigerant flows through the first heat exchange unit 104A. It may be configured to raise only the inside of the flat tube 1.
- the on-off valve 6a of the second connection pipe 6 and the on-off valve 60a of the fourth connection pipe 60 are opened.
- the flow path directions of the refrigerants of the first heat exchange unit 104A, the second heat exchange unit 104B, and the third heat exchange unit 104C are all configured to face upward.
- the gas refrigerant that has flowed from the first flow path pipe 7 into the lower header 4 of the first heat exchange section 104A is distributed to each flat pipe 1 of the first heat exchange section 104A, and is distributed to each flat pipe 1 of the first heat exchange section 104A, and is distributed via the second connection pipe 6. 2 It flows into the lower header 4 of the heat exchange section 104B, and further flows into the lower header 4 of the third heat exchange section 104C via the fourth connection pipe 60. At this time, the on-off valve 9a of the third flow path pipe 9 is in the closed state, and the gas refrigerant flowing into the lower header 4 of the third heat exchange unit 104C flows out to the refrigerant pipe 107 through the third flow path pipe 9. There is no.
- the gas refrigerant rises inside each flat tube 1 of the first heat exchange section 104A, the second heat exchange section 104B, and the third heat exchange section 104C to be condensed and liquefied to become a liquid refrigerant.
- the liquid refrigerant of each flat tube 1 joins at the upper header 3.
- the liquid refrigerant in the upper header 3 of the first heat exchange section 104A flows into the upper header 3 of the second heat exchange section 104B via the first connection pipe 5, and the liquid refrigerant in the upper header 3 of the second heat exchange section 104B. Meet with.
- the merged liquid refrigerant flows into the upper header 3 of the third heat exchange section 104C via the third connection pipe 50, and merges with the liquid refrigerant of the upper header 3 of the third heat exchange section 104C. Then, the merged liquid refrigerant flows out to the refrigerant pipe 107 through the second flow path pipe 8 in which the on-off valve 8a is opened, and flows to the expansion mechanism 103 through the valve body 108.
- the first heat exchange unit 104A, the second heat exchange unit 104B, and the third heat exchange unit 104C may be used.
- the heat exchange efficiency can be improved by making all the flow paths of the air conditioner upward.
- the on-off valve 6a of the second connection pipe 6 and the on-off valve 60a of the fourth connection pipe 60 are opened in the heating operation, and the first heat exchange is performed.
- the flow paths of the refrigerants of the parts 104A, the second heat exchange part 104B, and the third heat exchange part 104C are all configured to face upward.
- the gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant flowing from the third flow path pipe 9 into the lower header 4 of the third heat exchange section 104C is distributed to each flat pipe 1 of the third heat exchange section 104C, and the fourth connection pipe 60 is connected. It flows into the lower header 4 of the second heat exchange section 104B via the second heat exchange section 104B, and further flows into the lower header 4 of the first heat exchange section 104A via the second connection pipe 6. At this time, the flow path direction of the second flow path switching means 106 is controlled so that the gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant flowing into the lower header 4 of the first heat exchange unit 104A does not flow out to the first flow path pipe 7. ..
- the gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant rises inside each flat tube 1 of the first heat exchange section 104A, the second heat exchange section 104B, and the third heat exchange section 104C and evaporates and vaporizes to become a gas refrigerant.
- the gas refrigerant of each flat tube 1 joins at the upper header 3.
- the gas refrigerant in the upper header 3 of the first heat exchange section 104A flows into the upper header 3 of the second heat exchange section 104B via the first connection pipe 5, and the gas refrigerant in the upper header 3 of the second heat exchange section 104B. Meet with.
- the merged gas refrigerant flows into the upper header 3 of the third heat exchange section 104C via the third connection pipe 50, and merges with the gas refrigerant of the upper header 3 of the third heat exchange section 104C. Then, the merged gas refrigerant flows out to the refrigerant pipe 107 through the second flow path pipe 8 in which the on-off valve 8a is opened, and flows to the compressor 101.
- the pressure of the third flow path pipe 9 is higher than the pressure of the second flow path pipe 8, so that the gas refrigerant flowing out of the second flow path pipe 8 flows toward the valve body 108. There is no.
- the first heat exchange unit 104A, the second heat exchange unit 104B, and the third heat exchange unit 104C may be used.
- the heat exchange efficiency can be improved by making all the flow paths of the refrigerant upward.
- the heat exchanger 104 and the air conditioner 300 provided with the heat exchanger 104 have been described above based on the embodiment, the heat exchanger 104 and the air conditioner 300 are limited to the configuration of the above-described embodiment. It is not something that is done.
- the heat exchanger 104 has shown a form composed of two or three heat exchange units, it may be composed of four or more heat exchange units.
- the heat exchanger 104 and the air conditioner 300 are not limited to the above-mentioned components, and may include other components.
- the heat exchanger 104 and the air conditioner 300 include a range of design changes and application variations normally performed by those skilled in the art, to the extent that they do not deviate from the technical idea thereof.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Compression-Type Refrigeration Machines With Reversible Cycles (AREA)
- Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
Abstract
Description
図1は、本実施の形態1に係る空気調和機の冷媒回路図である。図2は、図1に示したII部の断面を上方から見た斜視図である。なお、図1中の矢印は、冷媒の流れる方向を示している。また、各開閉弁の白抜きは弁の開状態を示し、各開閉弁の黒塗りは弁の閉状態を示している。
次に、本実施の形態2に係る熱交換器104及び該熱交換器104を備えた空気調和機300を、図1及び図2を参照しつつ、図7~図9に基づいて説明する。図7は、本実施の形態2に係る熱交換器であって、冷房運転時において空調負荷が小さい場合における動作を示した説明図である。図8は、本実施の形態2に係る熱交換器であって、冷房運転時において空調負荷が大きい場合における動作を示した説明図である。図9は、本実施の形態2に係る熱交換器であって、暖房運転時における動作を示した説明図である。なお、実施の形態1で説明した熱交換器104及び該熱交換器104を備えた空気調和機300と同一の構成要素については、同一の符号を付して、その説明を適宜省略する。
Claims (4)
- 冷媒と空気との間で熱交換を行う複数の熱交換部を有する熱交換器であって、
前記熱交換部は、
上下方向に流れる冷媒流路が形成され、互いに間隔をあけて並列に配置された複数の扁平管と、
隣り合う前記扁平管の間に設けられた複数のフィンと、
複数の前記扁平管のそれぞれの上端部が接続された上部ヘッダと、
複数の前記扁平管のそれぞれの上端部が接続された下部ヘッダと、を有し、
複数の前記熱交換部は、互いの前記上部ヘッダが流通可能に接続され、互いの前記下部ヘッダが開閉弁を介して流通可能に接続されており、
凝縮器として機能する場合において、前記開閉弁が制御され、複数の前記熱交換部のうち、少なくとも1つの前記熱交換部の冷媒の流路方向が上向きとなり、他の前記熱交換部の冷媒の流路方向が下向きとなるように構成される、熱交換器。 - 凝縮器として機能する場合において、前記開閉弁が制御され、すべての前記熱交換部の冷媒の流路方向が上向きとなる構成を含む、請求項1に記載の熱交換器。
- 蒸発器として機能する場合において、前記開閉弁が制御され、すべての前記熱交換部の冷媒の流路方向が上向きとなる構成を含む、請求項1又は2に記載の熱交換器。
- 圧縮機と、
前記圧縮機から吐出された冷媒が流れる請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載の熱交換器と、を備え、
予め設定された前記圧縮機の運転周波数に応じて前記開閉弁が制御される、空気調和機。
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CN202080100253.XA CN115552190A (zh) | 2020-05-22 | 2020-05-22 | 热交换器以及具备该热交换器的空调机 |
JP2022524840A JP7414984B2 (ja) | 2020-05-22 | 2020-05-22 | 熱交換器及び該熱交換器を備えた空気調和機 |
PCT/JP2020/020345 WO2021234952A1 (ja) | 2020-05-22 | 2020-05-22 | 熱交換器及び該熱交換器を備えた空気調和機 |
US17/912,925 US20230148118A1 (en) | 2020-05-22 | 2020-05-22 | Heat exchanger and air-conditioning apparatus including the heat exchanger |
GB2216005.5A GB2610087B (en) | 2020-05-22 | 2020-05-22 | Heat exchanger and air-conditioning apparatus including the heat exchanger |
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DE102005017974A1 (de) | 2005-04-19 | 2006-11-02 | Audi Ag | Wärmeübertragersystem |
JP2007163042A (ja) * | 2005-12-14 | 2007-06-28 | Showa Denko Kk | 熱交換器 |
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WO2013038615A1 (ja) * | 2011-09-12 | 2013-03-21 | ダイキン工業株式会社 | 冷凍装置 |
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GB2610087A (en) | 2023-02-22 |
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