WO2021230308A1 - 不純物の生成を抑制した医薬組成物 - Google Patents
不純物の生成を抑制した医薬組成物 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2021230308A1 WO2021230308A1 PCT/JP2021/018157 JP2021018157W WO2021230308A1 WO 2021230308 A1 WO2021230308 A1 WO 2021230308A1 JP 2021018157 W JP2021018157 W JP 2021018157W WO 2021230308 A1 WO2021230308 A1 WO 2021230308A1
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- UJMBCXLDXJUMFB-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium;5-oxo-1-(4-sulfonatophenyl)-4-[(4-sulfonatophenyl)diazenyl]-4h-pyrazole-3-carboxylate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)C1=NN(C=2C=CC(=CC=2)S([O-])(=O)=O)C(=O)C1N=NC1=CC=C(S([O-])(=O)=O)C=C1 UJMBCXLDXJUMFB-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229960000281 trometamol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000020240 turmeric extract Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008513 turmeric extract Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940052016 turmeric extract Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000002604 ultrasonography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000825 ultraviolet detection Methods 0.000 description 1
- NCYCYZXNIZJOKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N vitamin A aldehyde Natural products O=CC=C(C)C=CC=C(C)C=CC1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C NCYCYZXNIZJOKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940100445 wheat starch Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229920001285 xanthan gum Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000010493 xanthan gum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000230 xanthan gum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940082509 xanthan gum Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000811 xylitol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010447 xylitol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960002675 xylitol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- HEBKCHPVOIAQTA-SCDXWVJYSA-N xylitol Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CO HEBKCHPVOIAQTA-SCDXWVJYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- OENHQHLEOONYIE-JLTXGRSLSA-N β-Carotene Chemical compound CC=1CCCC(C)(C)C=1\C=C\C(\C)=C\C=C\C(\C)=C\C=C\C=C(/C)\C=C\C=C(/C)\C=C\C1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C OENHQHLEOONYIE-JLTXGRSLSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/20—Pills, tablets, discs, rods
- A61K9/2004—Excipients; Inactive ingredients
- A61K9/2013—Organic compounds, e.g. phospholipids, fats
- A61K9/2018—Sugars, or sugar alcohols, e.g. lactose, mannitol; Derivatives thereof, e.g. polysorbates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D401/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom
- C07D401/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing two hetero rings
- C07D401/12—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing two hetero rings linked by a chain containing hetero atoms as chain links
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/53—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with three nitrogens as the only ring hetero atoms, e.g. chlorazanil, melamine
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/20—Pills, tablets, discs, rods
- A61K9/2004—Excipients; Inactive ingredients
- A61K9/2013—Organic compounds, e.g. phospholipids, fats
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/20—Pills, tablets, discs, rods
- A61K9/2004—Excipients; Inactive ingredients
- A61K9/2022—Organic macromolecular compounds
- A61K9/205—Polysaccharides, e.g. alginate, gums; Cyclodextrin
- A61K9/2054—Cellulose; Cellulose derivatives, e.g. hydroxypropyl methylcellulose
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/20—Pills, tablets, discs, rods
- A61K9/28—Dragees; Coated pills or tablets, e.g. with film or compression coating
- A61K9/2893—Tablet coating processes
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P43/00—Drugs for specific purposes, not provided for in groups A61P1/00-A61P41/00
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07B—GENERAL METHODS OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C07B2200/00—Indexing scheme relating to specific properties of organic compounds
- C07B2200/13—Crystalline forms, e.g. polymorphs
Definitions
- the present invention has the formula (I) :.
- the present invention relates to a method for producing crystals of a compound represented by the above, a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or a solvate thereof (hereinafter referred to as a compound represented by the formula (I), etc.). More specifically, the present invention relates to a method for producing crystals of a compound or the like represented by the formula (I), which comprises wet pulverizing the compound or the like represented by the formula (I). The present invention also relates to a method for producing a pharmaceutical composition containing a compound represented by the formula (I).
- the present invention relates to a method for producing a pharmaceutical composition containing a compound or the like.
- the present invention also relates to a pharmaceutical composition containing a compound represented by the formula (I) and the like.
- Patent Documents 1 and 9 The compounds represented by the formula (I) are described in Patent Documents 1 and 9 as compounds having P2X 3 and / or P2X 2/3 receptor antagonistic activity. However, Patent Documents 1 and 9 do not disclose or suggest a specific pharmaceutical composition containing the compound represented by the formula (I) or the like.
- Patent Documents 10 and 11 when finely milled with a jet mill, partial amorphization and / or large destruction or perturbation of the lattice structure causes an enormous surface area and thermodynamic activation of the surface. Described as a prior art.
- Patent Document 10 describes a production method including a step of subjecting a supersaturated solution containing an 11 ⁇ -benzaldoxime-estra-4,9-diene derivative to wet pulverization using a wet pulverizer while crystallizing the supersaturated solution. ..
- Patent Document 11 describes an example using a supersaturated solution containing a steroid.
- Patent Document 12 describes a Cox-II inhibitor, a BK1 antagonist, a bisphosphonate, and a DP-IV inhibitor. A method for producing crystals of an agent and a lipid-lowering compound is described.
- Patent Document 2 describes wet kneading or wet granulation of amlodipine using water or a water-containing solvent in which either methyl cellulose or hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose is dissolved or suspended. A method for stabilizing amlodipine is described. In addition, additives that stabilize solid formulations have also been extensively studied.
- Patent Documents 3 to 8 storage stability is achieved by adding triethyl citrate, medium-chain fatty acid triglyceride migliol 812 or triacetin to a compound having candesartane cilexetil, baroxavir malboxyl or a cyano group and an amino group. It has been reported that sex improves.
- the present inventors are represented by the formula (I) in order to investigate the stability of the compound or the like represented by the formula (I) in producing a pharmaceutical composition containing the compound or the like represented by the formula (I).
- the formula (III) It has been found that the amount of the compound represented by (hereinafter referred to as the compound represented by the formula (III)) increases. That is, an object of the present invention is to provide a highly stable pharmaceutical composition containing a compound represented by the formula (I) and the like.
- the present inventors wet-pulverize the compound represented by the formula (I) and obtain crystals of the compound and the like represented by the formula (I).
- a pharmaceutical composition containing crystals By producing a pharmaceutical composition containing crystals, it has been found that the formation of the compound represented by the formula (III) can be suppressed in the stability test over time, and the compound represented by the formula (I) and the like are contained. It has been found that the pharmaceutical composition can be stabilized. That is, by wet pulverizing the compound represented by the formula (I) or the like, the compound represented by the formula (III) is not contained, or the compound represented by the formula (III) is contained and the compound represented by the formula (I) is contained.
- the present inventors wet knead and / or wet granulate the compound represented by the formula (I) and / or wet granulate to produce a pharmaceutical composition containing the compound represented by the formula (I).
- the stability test over time it was found that the formation of the compound represented by the formula (III) could be suppressed, and it was found that the pharmaceutical composition containing the compound represented by the formula (I) and the like could be stabilized.
- the present inventors can further stabilize the pharmaceutical composition containing the compound represented by the formula (I) by using the polyhydric alcohol ester in the steps of wet kneading and / or wet granulation. I also found.
- the present invention includes the following inventions.
- (1) In the formula (I), which comprises a step of wet pulverizing the compound or the like represented by the formula (I) and / or a step of wet kneading and / or wet granulating the compound or the like represented by the formula (I).
- the compound represented by the formula (III) does not contain the compound represented by the formula (III) or contains the compound represented by the formula (III) and the amount of the compound represented by the formula (I).
- a pharmaceutical composition containing a compound represented by the formula (I) represented by wet kneading and / or wet granulation is also included in the present invention.
- Composition. (11) At least one selected from the group consisting of triethyl citrate, migliol, triacetin, macrogol 6000, polysorbate 20, polysorbate 60, polysorbate 80, sesame oil, corn oil, olive oil and soybean oil in uncoated tablets or granules.
- the amount of hydroxycarboxylic acid esters, polyhydric alcohol esters and / or polyethers is 0.0001 to 0.5 parts by weight with respect to 1 part by weight of the compound represented by the formula (I).
- the pharmaceutical composition according to any one of (10) to (15) above, wherein the content ratio of the compound represented by the formula (III) to the amount of the above is 0.0001 to 10 ppm. 40 ⁇ 2 ° C.
- the content ratio of the compound represented by the formula (III) to the amount of these pharmaceutically acceptable salts or solvates thereof is 0.0001 to 10 ppm, any of the above (10) to (15).
- Pharmaceutical composition described in Crab The pharmaceutical composition according to any one of (10) to (15) above, which contains 10 to 450 mg of a compound represented by the formula (I).
- the pharmaceutical composition according to any one of (10) to (15) above, which contains one or more additives selected from the group consisting of excipients, binders and disintegrants, is also described in the present invention. included.
- the pharmaceutical composition according to any one of (10) to (16) above, which is a coated tablet, is also included in the present invention.
- the obtained crystal does not contain the compound represented by the formula (III), or contains the compound represented by the formula (III), and the amount of the compound or the like represented by the formula (I) is relative to the amount of the formula (III). ),
- the production method according to (17) above, wherein the content ratio of the compound is 0.0001 to 10 ppm.
- the obtained crystal is subjected to a stability test under the condition of 40 ⁇ 2 ° C. relative humidity 75 ⁇ 5% (glass bottle opening) for 1 month, the compound represented by the formula (III) is not detected.
- the production method according to any one of (17) to (20) above which comprises wet pulverizing crystals of a compound or the like represented by the formula (I).
- the production method according to any one of (17) to (20) above which comprises wet pulverizing the anhydrous crystal of the compound represented by the formula (I).
- the production method according to any one of (17) to (20) above which comprises wet pulverizing a dihydrate crystal of the compound represented by the formula (I), is also included in the present invention.
- the production method according to (24) above which comprises a step of reducing the 90% particle size of the crystal obtained in the above step to 100 ⁇ m or less.
- the production method according to (25) above, wherein the step of producing dihydrate crystals of the compound represented by the formula (I) from a supersaturated solution is carried out at 25 ⁇ 5 ° C.
- the step of producing an anhydrous Japanese crystal of the compound represented by the formula (I) from the dihydrate crystal of the compound represented by the formula (I) includes a step of heating and cooling, the above (25) or (26) The manufacturing method according to the above.
- the wet pulverization step is one or more selected from the group consisting of a batch type, a semi-continuous type and a continuous type.
- the wet pulverization step is a step using a recirculation loop.
- the production method according to any one of (17) to (28) above, wherein the wet pulverization step is performed in one pot is also included in the present invention.
- Wet-milled crystals of the compound represented by the formula (I), Anhydrous sum crystals of the compound represented by the formula (I) obtained by wet grinding are also included in the present invention.
- (34) a) A step of performing chromatographic analysis on a sample of a pharmaceutical composition containing a crystal of a compound or the like represented by the formula (I) or a compound or the like represented by the formula (I); and b). A step of obtaining the content or ratio of the compound represented by the formula (III) in the chromatographic analysis obtained in the above step.
- a method of analyzing related substances in a sample including. (35) The content or ratio of the compound represented by the formula (III) in the pharmaceutical composition containing the crystals of the compound represented by the formula (I) or the compound represented by the formula (I) is analyzed.
- a method in which a compound represented by the formula (III) is used as a standard sample.
- the powder X-ray diffraction pattern of the anhydrous Japanese crystal of the compound represented by the formula (I) is shown.
- the horizontal axis represents 2 ⁇ (°), and the vertical axis represents strength (Count).
- the Raman spectrum of the anhydrous crystal of the compound represented by the formula (I) is shown.
- the horizontal axis represents Raman shift (cm -1 ), and the vertical axis represents peak intensity.
- the powder X-ray diffraction pattern of the dihydrate crystal of the compound represented by the formula (I) is shown.
- the horizontal axis represents 2 ⁇ (°), and the vertical axis represents strength (Count).
- the TG / DTA analysis result of the dihydrate crystal of the compound represented by the formula (I) is shown.
- the vertical axis shows the amount of heat ( ⁇ V) or the weight change (%), and the horizontal axis shows the temperature (° C.). Cel in the figure means Celsius degree (° C.).
- the results of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) of the sample of Example 9 are shown.
- the horizontal axis represents temperature (° C) and the vertical axis represents calorific value.
- the result of the differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) of the sample of Reference Example 4 is shown.
- the horizontal axis represents temperature (° C) and the vertical axis represents calorific value.
- the elution behavior of a 10 mg tablet containing triethyl citrate is shown.
- the horizontal axis represents time (minutes), and the vertical axis represents elution rate (%).
- the elution behavior of a 10 mg tablet containing triethyl citrate after storage at 60 ° C. for 2 weeks, 40 ° C. for 1 month, and 40 ° C./75% RH for 1 month is shown.
- the horizontal axis represents time (minutes), and the vertical axis represents elution rate (%).
- the tablet physical characteristics of a 10 mg tablet containing triethyl citrate are shown.
- the horizontal axis represents the striking pressure (kN), and the vertical axis represents the hardness (N).
- the tablet physical characteristics of a 10 mg tablet containing Migliol 812 are shown.
- the horizontal axis represents the striking pressure (kN), and the vertical axis represents the hardness (N).
- the tablet physical characteristics of a 50 mg tablet containing triethyl citrate are shown.
- the horizontal axis represents the striking pressure (kN), and the vertical axis represents the hardness (N).
- Granules are produced by a stirring granulator by changing the granulation water content at the time of granulation, and the elution behavior of a 10 mg tablet (uncoated tablet) produced by tableting the granules is shown.
- the horizontal axis represents time (minutes), and the vertical axis represents elution rate (%).
- Granules are produced by a stirring granulator by changing the granulation water content at the time of granulation, and the elution behavior of a 50 mg tablet (uncoated tablet) produced by tableting the granules is shown.
- the horizontal axis represents time (minutes), and the vertical axis represents elution rate (%).
- Granules are produced by a stirring granulator, and the elution behavior of 10 mg tablets (uncoated tablets and coated tablets) produced by tableting the granules is shown.
- the horizontal axis represents time (minutes), and the vertical axis represents elution rate (%).
- Granules are produced by a stirring granulator, and the elution behavior of 50 mg tablets (uncoated tablets and coated tablets) produced by tableting the granules is shown.
- the horizontal axis represents time (minutes), and the vertical axis represents elution rate (%).
- the present invention has the formula (I) :. It is a method for producing a crystal of a compound or the like represented by the formula (I), which comprises wet pulverizing the compound or the like represented by the formula (I).
- the compound represented by the formula (I) is the formula (I) :. It means a compound represented by, a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or a solvate thereof.
- the compound represented by the formula (I) includes not only the compound represented by the formula (I) but also a tautomer thereof or a mixture thereof.
- the compound represented by the formula (I) is described in Patent Documents 1 and 9 as a compound having P2X 3 and / or P2X 2/3 receptor antagonistic activity.
- the tautomer of the compound represented by the formula (I) is the formula (II) :.
- the compound represented by the above formula (I) has P2X 3 and / or P2X 2/3 receptor antagonistic activity, similarly to the compound represented by the formula (I).
- the compound represented by the formula (I) also includes a mixture of the compound represented by the formula (I) and the compound represented by the formula (II), and may be mixed at any ratio.
- the "pharmaceutically acceptable salt” used in the present specification comprises, for example, "a compound represented by the formula (I), a tautomer thereof or a mixture thereof” and a counter molecule or a counter ion, and any number thereof. It may contain a counter molecule or a counter ion of.
- Base addition salts include salts made from pharmaceutically acceptable non-toxic bases, including inorganic and organic bases.
- Salts derived from inorganic bases include, but are not limited to, aluminum, calcium, lithium, potassium, magnesium, sodium, zinc and other metal salts.
- Salts derived from pharmaceutically acceptable non-toxic bases include primary, secondary or tertiary amines, naturally occurring substituted amines, cyclic amines and basic ion exchange resins such as arginine, betaine, benzatin, cafe.
- Substituent amines including tripropylamine, tromethamine and the like, as well as non-toxic ammonium and quaternary ammonium, and cation salts including, but not limited to, ammonium, tetramethylammonium, tetraethylammonium and the like.
- the compound is in the form of an acid addition salt.
- Acid addition salts include salts made from pharmaceutically acceptable non-toxic acids, including inorganic and organic acids.
- examples of the inorganic acid include, but are not limited to, hydrofluoric acid, hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid, orthoric acid, hydroiodic acid, nitric acid, phosphoric acid, boric acid or sulfuric acid.
- organic acid examples include methanesulfonic acid, ethanesulfonic acid, p-toluenesulfonic acid, benzenesulfonic acid, trifluoromethylbenzenesulfonic acid, chlorobenzenesulfonic acid, methoxybenzenesulfonic acid, acetic acid, propionic acid, lactic acid and citric acid.
- the acid addition salt may be a mixed salt of two or more combinations selected from these acids.
- the free (or amphoteric or zwitterion) form may be converted into a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or solvate of the salt by reacting with the desired acid or base. ..
- the "pharmaceutically acceptable solvate” is, for example, an arbitrary number of solvent molecules arranged with respect to the compound represented by the formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. It means what is.
- the solvent molecule include acetonitrile, chlorobenzene, chloroform, cyclohexane, 1,2-dichloroethane, dichloromethane, 1,2-dimethoxyethane, N, N-dimethylacetamide, N, N-dimethylformamide and 1,4-dioxane.
- acetic acid anisole, 1-butanol, 2-butanol, n-butyl acetate, t-butylmethyl ether, cumene, dimethylsulfoxide, ethyl acetate, diethyl ether, ethyl formate, formic acid, heptane, isobutyl acetate, isopropyl acetate, Methyl acetate, 3-methyl-1-butanol, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, 2-methyl-1-propanol, pentane, 1-pentanol, 1-propanol, 2-propanol, propyl acetate, tetrahydrofuran, water (ie, hydration) Things), ethanol, acetone, 1,1-diethoxypropane, 1,1-dimethoxymethane, 2,2-dimethoxypropane, iso
- water ie, hydrate
- ethanol acetone
- 1,1-diethoxypropane 1,1-dimethoxymethane
- 2,2-dimethoxypropane isooctane
- isopropyl ether methyl isopropyl ketone
- methyl tetrahydrofuran Petroleum ether
- trichloroacetic acid trifluoroacetic acid and the like
- a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or a pharmaceutically acceptable solvate can be produced from the compound represented by the formula (I).
- anhydrous is synonymous with “solvent-free”, “non-solvate”, “anhydrous” and “non-hydrate”.
- wet pulverization means that a compound represented by the formula (I) is wet pulverized with a suspension of a solvent by a wet pulverizer.
- Wet crushing includes a method of crushing by shearing force, shear stress, frictional force, etc. by a crushing medium, a method of crushing by shearing stress and frictional force between crushers, a method of colliding a high-pressure fluid to crush, and passing through a narrow gap.
- There is a method of crushing the mixture and the present invention is not particularly limited.
- wet pulverization water, an organic solvent or a mixed solvent thereof can be used.
- the water used for wet pulverization is not particularly limited, but it is preferable to use purified water usually used for producing pharmaceuticals and the like.
- the organic solvent include alcohol, acetonitrile, chlorobenzene, chloroform, cyclohexane, 1,2-dichloroethane, dichloromethane, 1,2-dimethoxyethane, N, N-dimethylacetamide, N, N-dimethylformamide, 1,4-dioxane.
- Alcohols include methanol, 2-propanol, ethanol, t-butanol, 2-ethoxyethanol, ethylene glycol, methanol, 2-methoxyethanol, 1-butanol, 2-butanol, 1-pentanol, 1-propanol and 3-methyl.
- -1-Butanol, 2-methyl-1-propanol and the like can be used.
- Preferred are methanol and / or 2-propanol.
- a mixed solvent of water and alcohol is desirable.
- wet pulverization of the compound represented by the formula (I) for example, wet pulverization of crystals of the compound or the like represented by the formula (I), or amorphous of the compound or the like represented by the formula (I). It includes wet pulverization and wet pulverization of a solution such as a compound represented by the formula (I).
- Wet-grinding a crystal of a compound or the like represented by the formula (I) includes, for example, wet-grinding an anhydrous crystal of the compound represented by the formula (I) or a compound represented by the formula (I). Wet grinding of dihydrate crystals is included.
- Wet pulverization of the crystal of the compound represented by the formula (I) includes a step of refining the crystal, preferably a step of controlling the 90% particle size to be 100 ⁇ m or less.
- a pressure homogenizer is used, the pressure is set to 10 megapascals to 100 megapascals (preferably 60 megapascals to 90 megapascals, particularly preferably 70 megapascals), and the temperature is 0 ° C. ⁇ 60 ° C. (preferably 10 ° C.
- the path is a unit indicating the number of theoretical processes, and the number of theoretical processes can be obtained from the following formula.
- Theoretical processing count (pass) processing time (h) ⁇ processing time required for one pass (h)
- crystal means a solid in which the constituent atoms, ions, molecules, etc. are regularly arranged in three dimensions, and is distinguished from an amorphous solid that does not have such a regular internal structure.
- the crystal of the present invention may be a single crystal, a twin crystal, a polycrystal, or the like. Further, in the “crystal”, there may be a “crystal polymorph” having the same composition but a different arrangement in the crystal, and these are included in the "crystal morphology".
- the crystals used herein may be any of these, salts, hydrates, solvates, polymorphs, and even mixtures of two or more are included within the scope of the invention. Is intended.
- the crystal morphology and crystallinity can be measured by many techniques including, for example, powder X-ray diffraction measurement, Raman spectroscopy, infrared absorption spectrum measurement, water absorption / desorption measurement, differential scanning calorimetry, and dissolution characteristics. can.
- Powder X-ray diffraction is one of the most sensitive analytical methods for measuring the crystal morphology and crystallinity of solids.
- X-rays When X-rays are applied to a crystal, they are reflected by the crystal lattice plane and interfere with each other, showing ordered diffraction lines corresponding to the period of the structure.
- the amorphous solid since the amorphous solid usually does not have an ordered repetition period in its structure, a diffraction phenomenon does not occur and a broad XRPD pattern (also called a halo pattern) having no characteristics is exhibited.
- the crystal morphology of the compound represented by the formula (I) can be identified by the powder X-ray diffraction pattern and the characteristic diffraction peak.
- the characteristic diffraction peaks used herein are peaks selected from the observed diffraction patterns.
- the characteristic diffraction peaks are preferably selected from about 10 in the diffraction pattern, more preferably about 5.
- a peak that is confirmed in the crystal and is not confirmed in other crystals is a characteristic peak that is preferable for identifying the crystal, rather than the intensity of the peak. With such characteristic peaks, one or two peaks can characterize the crystal. If the charts obtained by measurement are compared and these characteristic peaks match, it can be said that the powder X-ray diffraction spectra substantially match.
- the diffraction angle (2 ⁇ ) in powder X-ray diffraction may have an error within the range of ⁇ 0.2 °, so the value of the diffraction angle in powder X-ray diffraction may be a value within the range of ⁇ 0.2 °. It needs to be understood as including. Therefore, the present invention includes not only crystals in which the diffraction angles of the peaks in powder X-ray diffraction completely match, but also crystals in which the diffraction angles of the peaks match with an error of about ⁇ 0.2 °.
- Single crystal structure analysis One of the methods for identifying a crystal is to obtain crystallographic parameters in the crystal, atomic coordinates (values indicating the spatial positional relationship of each atom), and a three-dimensional structural model. Toshio Sakurai, "Guide to X-ray Structural Analysis", published by Shokabo (1983), Stout & Jensen, X-Ray Structure Determination: A Practical Guide, Mamicillan Co., New York (1968). Single crystal structure analysis is useful in identifying the crystal structure of a compound having tautomerism as in the present invention.
- Raman spectra show the vibrational characteristics of molecules or complex systems. Its origin is inelastic collisions between molecules and photons, which are particles of light containing light rays. Collisions between molecules and photons result in the exchange of energy, resulting in a change in energy, which in turn changes the wavelength of the photon. That is, since the Raman spectrum is a spectral line having an extremely narrow wavelength emitted when a photon is incident on the target molecule, a laser or the like is used as a light source. The wavelength of each Raman line is represented by the wavenumber shift from the incident light, which is the difference between the reciprocal of the wavelength of the Raman line and the incident light.
- the Raman spectrum measures the vibrational state of a molecule, which is determined by its molecular structure.
- the absorption band in the Raman spectrum (cm -1) is because an error may occur in the range of ⁇ 2 cm -1, the value of the absorption peak of the above are understood as including values within a range of about ⁇ 2 cm -1 Need to be. Therefore, the present invention includes not only crystals in which the peaks of the absorption bands in the Raman spectrum completely match, but also crystals in which the peaks of the absorption bands match with an error of about ⁇ 2 cm -1.
- TG / DTA is one of the main measurement methods for thermal analysis, and is a method for measuring the weight and thermal properties of a substance as an aggregate of atoms and molecules.
- TG / DTA is a method for measuring changes in weight and calorie of a pharmaceutical active ingredient with respect to temperature or time, and by plotting the obtained data with respect to temperature or time, TG (thermogravimetric) and DTA (differential difference). Thermal) curve is obtained. From the TG / DTA curve, it is possible to obtain information on changes in weight and calorie related to decomposition, dehydration, oxidation, reduction, sublimation, and evaporation of the pharmaceutical active ingredient.
- the observed temperature, weight change may depend on the rate of temperature change as well as the sample preparation technique and specific equipment used. Therefore, the "melting point" in TG / DTA refers to the onset temperature that is not easily affected by the sample preparation technique. Not only the melting point but also the overall pattern is important in the determination of crystal identity, and it may change to some extent depending on the measurement conditions and measuring equipment.
- DSC Different Scanning Calorimetry
- DSC is one of the main measurement methods for thermal analysis, and is a method for measuring the thermal properties of a substance as an aggregate of atoms and molecules.
- a differential scanning calorimetry is obtained by measuring the change in calorie over temperature or time of the pharmaceutically active ingredient by DSC and plotting the obtained data against temperature or time. From the differential scanning calorimetry curve, it is possible to obtain information on the onset temperature at which the pharmaceutical active ingredient melts, the maximum value of the endothermic peak curve associated with melting, and the enthalpy.
- the observed temperature may depend on the rate of temperature change as well as the sample preparation technique and specific equipment used.
- the "melting point” in DSC refers to the onset temperature that is not easily affected by the sample preparation technique.
- the error range at the onset temperature obtained from the differential scanning calorimetry is approximately ⁇ 2 ° C. Not only the melting point but also the overall pattern is important in the determination of crystal identity, and it may change to some extent depending on the measurement conditions and measuring equipment.
- Moisture absorption / desorption isotherm measurement is a measurement method for measuring the adsorption and desorption behavior of water by measuring the weight change of the solid to be measured under each relative humidity condition.
- RH relative humidity
- Moisture absorption / desorption isotherm measurement is a measurement method for measuring the adsorption and desorption behavior of water by measuring the weight change of the solid to be measured under each relative humidity condition.
- RH relative humidity 0%
- increase the relative humidity every 5% or 10% stabilize the weight at each relative humidity, and then start from the standard value.
- the amount of adsorbed water can be obtained from the increase in weight.
- it is possible to measure the amount of desorption of water by lowering the relative humidity from 100% RH (relative humidity 100%) every 5% or 10%.
- the adsorption isotherm By plotting the weight change value at each relative humidity, the adsorption isotherm can be obtained. From this result, it is possible to consider the adsorption and desorption phenomena of adhering moisture at each humidity. Further, when the anhydrous Japanese crystal undergoes mutual crystal transition with the hydrate crystal due to humidity, it is possible to calculate the humidity at which the crystal transition occurs and the amount of water of crystallization. Since the adsorption and desorption of adhering water and water of crystallization are affected by the particle size, crystallinity, crystal habit, etc., the measurement results may vary slightly.
- amorphous means that the constituent atoms, ions, molecules, etc. do not have a constant and regular arrangement in three dimensions, for example, powder X-ray diffraction measurement, Raman spectroscopy. It can be measured by many techniques including method, infrared absorption spectroscopy, moisture absorption / desorption measurement, differential scanning calorific value measurement, and dissolution characteristics. It may become amorphous by crushing, freeze-drying, spray drying, etc.
- Wet pulverization of a solution of a compound or the like represented by the formula (I) includes wet pulverization of a supersaturated solution of the compound or the like represented by the formula (I).
- the solution of the compound or the like represented by the formula (I) may be obtained by dissolving the compound or the like represented by the formula (I) in a solvent, or the compound (9) is hydrolyzed and represented by the formula (I). It may be obtained by producing a compound or the like.
- a step of forming crystal nuclei from the supersaturated solution In wet pulverization of a supersaturated solution such as a compound represented by the formula (I), a step of forming crystal nuclei from the supersaturated solution, a step of crystal growth of the nuclei obtained in the above step, and a step of controlling crystal growth. And may include a step of refining the obtained crystal.
- a step of forming crystal nuclei from a supersaturated solution when forming crystal nuclei by physical stimulation of a wet crusher, when forming crystal nuclei using seed crystals, crystal nuclei by controlling the temperature. Is included in the case of forming.
- the pressure is adjusted to 1 megapascal to 1 megapascal using a pressure homogenizer.
- 100 megapascals preferably 5 megapascals to 20 megapascals, particularly preferably 10 megapascals
- at a temperature of 0 ° C to 60 ° C preferably 10 ° C to 55 ° C, particularly preferably 25 ⁇ 5 ° C
- a step of producing a dihydrate crystal of the compound represented by the formula (I) from the supersaturated solution the above-mentioned step.
- a step of producing an anhydrous solute crystal of the compound represented by the formula (I) from the crystal obtained in the above step and a step of reducing the 90% particle size of the crystal obtained in the above step to 100 ⁇ m or less may be included.
- a pressure homogenizer is used to increase the pressure from 1 megapascal to 100 megapascals (preferably 5 megapascals to 20 megapascals).
- the step of producing an anhydrous sum crystal of the compound represented by the formula (I) from the crystals obtained in the above step includes a step of heating and cooling.
- the heating step includes a step of heating to a temperature of 30 ° C. to 80 ° C. (preferably 40 ° C. to 65 ° C., particularly preferably 50 ° C.).
- the cooling step includes a step of heating to a temperature of 0 ° C to 50 ° C (preferably 10 ° C to 40 ° C, particularly preferably 25 ° C).
- a seed crystal of an anhydrous Japanese crystal of the compound represented by the formula (I) In the step of reducing the 90% particle size of the crystal obtained in the above step to 100 ⁇ m or less, a pressure homogenizer is used to increase the pressure from 10 megapascals to 100 megapascals (preferably 60 megapascals to 90 megapascals, particularly preferably.
- the path is a unit indicating the number of theoretical processes, and the number of theoretical processes can be obtained by the calculation formula (Equation 1).
- a rotor / stator As the wet crusher, a rotor / stator, a pressure homogenizer, a ball mill, a medium mill, an ultrasonic crusher, or the like can be used.
- a rotor stator, a pressure homogenizer, and a ball mill are preferable, and a pressure homogenizer is particularly preferable.
- the rotor / stator is a wet crusher that generates shearing force and propulsive force generated by rotating the rotor at high speed, and in addition, mixes, emulsifies, disperses, and crushes by a high eddy current generated in the shearing groove of the rotor and the stator.
- a ball mill is a wet crusher that puts a crushing medium (steel ball, silpep, pebble, etc.) in a cylindrical body and crushes it while rotating the body. Ball mills also include bead mills.
- the pressure homogenizer emulsifies and disperses the sample by using energy such as collision between particles generated by ejecting a pressurized sample from the gap, shearing force due to pressure difference, and destructive force of collision with impact ring.
- -A wet crusher that crushes.
- the wet pulverization can be performed by any of a batch method, a semi-continuous method, and a continuous method. Desirably, it is a continuous type.
- the continuous equation can be performed by a recirculation loop.
- the wet crushing process can be performed in one pot.
- One-pot means performing multiple steps in one reaction vessel or device.
- the content ratio of the compound represented by the formula (III) to the amount of the compound represented by the formula (III), which does not contain the compound represented by the formula (III) or contains the compound represented by the formula (III). 0.0001 to 30 ppm, preferably crystals.
- crystal of the compound or the like represented by the formula (I) obtained by the method for producing a crystal of the compound or the like represented by the formula (I) of the present invention or a crystal of the compound or the like represented by the wet pulverized formula (I). Does not contain the compound represented by the formula (III) or contains the compound represented by the formula (III) and contains the compound represented by the formula (III) with respect to the amount of the compound represented by the formula (I) and the like. Crystals having a ratio of 0.0001 to 10 ppm are more preferable.
- Not containing the compound represented by the formula (III) means that the compound represented by the formula (III) is not contained, or even if the compound represented by the formula (III) is contained, the amount of the compound represented by the formula (III) is below the detection limit. This means that the compound represented by the formula (III) cannot be detected.
- the content ratio of the compound can be 0.0001 to 30 ppm, preferably 0.0001 to 10 ppm. Examples of crystals of the compound represented by the formula (I) containing no compound represented by the formula (III) include dihydrate crystals of the compound represented by the formula (I).
- the crystals of the compound or the like represented by the formula (I) obtained by wet pulverizing the compound or the like represented by the formula (I) are 40 ⁇ 2 ° C. and a relative humidity of 75 ⁇ 5% (glass bottle opening) for 6 months.
- the compound represented by the formula (III) is not detected, or the content ratio of the compound represented by the formula (III) to the amount of the compound represented by the formula (I) is determined. Crystals of 0.0001 to 30 ppm are preferred.
- the crystals of the compound or the like represented by the formula (I) obtained by wet pulverizing the compound or the like represented by the formula (I) are 40 ⁇ 2 ° C.
- the stability test is performed under the above conditions, the compound represented by the formula (III) is not detected, or the content ratio of the compound represented by the formula (III) to the amount of the compound represented by the formula (I) is determined. Crystals of 0.0001 to 10 ppm are more preferred. Further, the crystal of the present invention is stable under the conditions of 25 ⁇ 2 ° C. relative humidity 60 ⁇ 5% (glass bottle opening) 12 months or 30 ⁇ 2 ° C. relative humidity 65 ⁇ 5% (glass bottle opening) 12 months. When tested, crystals are also included, wherein the content ratio of the compound represented by the formula (III) to the amount of the compound represented by the formula (I) is 0.0001 to 30 ppm.
- the compound represented by the formula (I) and the like can be found when the stability test is performed for a certain period at any of the temperatures and relative humidity included in the above range.
- the present invention also includes crystals of the compound represented by the formula (I) and the like in which the content ratio of the compound represented by the formula (III) to the amount is 0.0001 to 30 ppm. Under either the condition of opening a glass bottle or a low-density polyethylene bag, the content ratio of the compound represented by the formula (III) to the amount of the compound represented by the formula (I) may be 0.0001 to 30 ppm. ..
- the content ratio of the compound represented by the formula (III) to the amount of the compound represented by the formula (I) is preferably 0.0001 to 20 ppm, more preferably 0.0001 to 10 ppm. It is a crystal of the compound or the like shown by (I).
- the crystal of the present invention can suppress the formation of the compound represented by the formula (III) in the stability test over time.
- the compound represented by the formula (III) is considered to be produced by decomposing the compound represented by the formula (I) or the like.
- the amount of the compound represented by the formula (III) increases.
- by producing crystals of the compound represented by the formula (I) or the like by the production method of the present invention it is possible to suppress an increase in the amount of the compound represented by the formula (III) in the temporal stability test.
- the amount of the compound represented by the formula (III) in the temporal stability test can be suppressed from increasing.
- the content ratio of the compound represented by the formula (III) can be determined by dividing the amount of the compound represented by the formula (III) by the amount of the compound or the like represented by the formula (I).
- the amount of each compound contained in the crystal of the compound represented by the formula (I) and the amount of each compound contained in the pharmaceutical composition can be determined from the peak area obtained by performing chromatographic analysis. For example, the peak area of the compound represented by the formula (III) obtained by chromatographic analysis of the standard solution of the compound represented by the formula (III) and the formula (III) obtained by the chromatographic analysis of the measurement sample.
- the content of the compound represented by the formula (III) is determined, and the weight ratio with respect to the compound represented by the formula (I) is determined and contained using the value. The ratio can be calculated.
- the amount of the compound represented by the formula (I) the amount of the compound represented by the formula (I) to be decomposed is very small, so that the compound represented by the formula (I) at the time of preparing the measurement sample is prepared.
- Theoretical content such as, etc. can be used.
- a crystal having a 90% particle size of 100 ⁇ m or less is preferable.
- 0.5 ⁇ m or more and 50 ⁇ m or less are preferable, and 0.5 ⁇ m or more and 10 ⁇ m or less are more preferable.
- the particle size at the point where the integrated% distribution curve intersects the 90% horizontal axis is called the 90% particle size.
- anhydrous sum crystals of the compound represented by the formula (I) and dihydrate crystals of the compound represented by the formula (I) are preferable.
- anhydrous crystals of the compound represented by the formula (I) are preferable.
- a crystal of a compound or the like represented by the formula (I) obtained by the production method of the present invention is preferable.
- anhydrous crystals of the compound represented by the formula (I) obtained by the production method of the present invention are preferable. That is, as the crystal of the present invention, a crystal of a compound or the like represented by the formula (I) obtained by wet pulverization is preferable.
- anhydrous sum crystals of the compound represented by the formula (I) obtained by wet pulverization are preferable.
- the anhydrous sum crystal of the compound represented by the formula (I) has the following molecular structure.
- the powder X-ray diffraction peak characteristic of the anhydrous crystal of the compound represented by the formula (I) is the powder X-ray diffraction angle (2 ⁇ ): 7.9 °, 9.3 °, 12.6 °, 12 9.9 °, 15.8 °, 17.2 °, 19.4 °, 21.7 °, 23.9 °, 25.4 °, 26.6 °, 27.8 ° or 32.8 °.
- Each includes values within the range of ⁇ 0.2 °.
- the anhydrous sum crystal of the compound represented by the formula (I) has a diffraction angle (2 ⁇ ): 15.8 ° ⁇ 0.2 °, 19.4 ° ⁇ 0.2 °, 21.7 ° ⁇ 0.
- the present invention contains a compound or the like represented by the formula (I), which comprises a step of producing a crystal of the compound or the like represented by the formula (I) by wet pulverizing the compound or the like represented by the formula (I). Also included is a method for producing a pharmaceutical composition. Further, as a method for producing a pharmaceutical composition containing a compound represented by the formula (I), an anhydrous Japanese crystal of the compound represented by the formula (I) obtained by the method for producing a crystal of the present invention, or the present invention. A production method using anhydrous Japanese crystals of the compound represented by the formula (I) is preferable.
- the method for producing the above-mentioned pharmaceutical composition may further include other steps. For example, any method of dry mixing, dry granulation, wet kneading and / or wet granulation may be included.
- the present invention also relates to a method for producing a pharmaceutical composition containing the compound represented by the formula (I), which comprises a step of wet kneading and / or wet granulating the compound represented by the formula (I). ..
- the compound represented by the formula (I) used for wet kneading and / or wet granulation, which is obtained by dry pulverization is obtained by wet pulverization. Any of these can be used.
- the method for producing a pharmaceutical composition of the present invention is useful when a compound represented by the formula (I) obtained by dry pulverization or the like is used.
- the compound represented by the formula (I) obtained by dry pulverization contains a large amount of the compound represented by the amorphous formula (I). It is considered that the amorphous compound represented by the formula (I) and the like contribute to the production of the compound represented by the formula (III).
- an amorphous compound represented by the formula (I) or the like can be crystallized under wet kneading and / or wet granulation, and the pharmaceutical composition can be obtained.
- the amount of the amorphous compound represented by the formula (I) in the medium can be reduced, and the formation of the compound represented by the formula (III) can be suppressed in the stability test over time.
- wet kneading and / or wet granulation means treating a compound represented by the formula (I) in a water-containing state, and is not limited to a specific treatment. ..
- wet kneading and / or wet granulation for example, a solution containing hydroxycarboxylic acid esters, polyhydric alcohol esters and / or polyethers in a powder containing a compound represented by the formula (I) or the like is added.
- wet kneading for kneading, wet granulation for producing wet granules after kneading the mixture, and the like can be mentioned.
- a mixing and stirring granulation method using a planetary mixer, a screw type mixer, etc., a high-speed mixing and stirring granulation method using a Henschel mixer, a super mixer, etc., a cylindrical granulation machine, and a rotary type granulation machine are used. It can be subdivided into methods such as extrusion granulation method using a machine, screw extrusion granulation machine, pellet mill type granulation machine, rolling granulation method, fluidized layer granulation method, spray granulation method, etc. , The present invention can be carried out by any method.
- the water used for "wet kneading and / or wet granulation" in the present invention is not particularly limited, but it is preferable to use purified water usually used for producing pharmaceuticals and the like.
- purified water usually used for producing pharmaceuticals and the like.
- water for "wet kneading and / or wet granulation” in addition to adding only water, when adding as a mixed solvent in which an organic solvent such as alcohol is mixed with water. May be. In these cases, water (hydrous solvent) may be added alone, or the soluble component may be added in a dissolved state or an insoluble component may be suspended.
- the water content at the time of granulation with respect to the mixed powder is 1 to 70%, preferably 5 to 50%, and more preferably 15 to 30%.
- hydroxycarboxylic acid esters, polyhydric alcohol esters and / or polyethers in the steps of wet kneading and / or wet granulation. It is more preferable that hydroxycarboxylic acid esters, polyhydric alcohol esters and / or polyethers are dissolved or suspended in water used for wet kneading and / or wet granulation. Hydroxycarboxylic acid esters, polyhydric alcohol esters and / or polyethers are more preferably used by dissolving or suspending the binder in a binder solution dissolved in water.
- the hydroxycarboxylic acid esters mean hydroxycarboxylic acid esters or hydroxy protectants thereof.
- the hydroxycarboxylic acid ester means an ester of a carboxylic acid having a hydroxy group.
- the hydroxy-protected body means a hydroxycarboxylic acid ester in which a hydroxy group is protected by a protecting group.
- the protecting group include a formyl group and an acyl group. Specifically, trimethyl citrate, triethyl citrate, tripropyl citrate, tributyl citrate, trimethyl ⁇ -acetyl citrate, triethyl ⁇ -acetyl citrate, tripropyl ⁇ -acetyl citrate, tributyl ⁇ -acetyl citrate.
- the polyhydric alcohol ester refers to an ester of an alcohol having two or more hydroxyl groups in the molecule, and in the polyhydric alcohol, the hydroxyl groups are attached to different carbon atoms.
- migliol meaning medium-chain fatty acid triglyceride, for example, migliol 812, migliol 810, migliol 829, etc.
- triacetin polysorbate 20
- polysorbate 60 polysorbate 80
- fats and oils glycol and saturated or unsaturated higher fatty acids
- sesame oil, corn oil, olive oil, soybean oil, etc. preferably migliol and triacetin, and more preferably migliol.
- the polyether, -CR 2 -O-CR 2 - is a compound having a continuous structure. Specific examples thereof include macrogol 6000, polysorbate 20, polysorbate 60 and polysorbate 80.
- the hydroxycarboxylic acid esters, polyhydric alcohol esters and / or polyethers are preferably triethyl citrate, migliol (migliol 812, migliol 810 and migliol 829), triacetin, macrogol 6000, polysorbate 20, polysorbate 60, polysorbate.
- One or more selected from the group consisting of 80 and fats and oils sesame oil, corn oil, olive oil, soybean oil, etc. can be used.
- one or more additives selected from the group consisting of excipients, binders and disintegrants may be used in the wet kneading and / or wet granulation steps.
- an excipient (sometimes referred to as a filler) may be used.
- impurities and related substances may increase, so it is necessary to select an excipient that does not increase impurities and related substances.
- an excipient listed in the Japanese Pharmacopoeia, a pharmaceutical standard outside the Japanese Pharmacopoeia, a pharmaceutical additive standard, a food additive official standard, or the like can be used.
- excipients include sugar derivatives, starch derivatives, cellulose derivatives, inorganic excipients, ⁇ -cyclodextrin, magnesium stearate, calcium stearate, sucrose fatty acid esters, crospovidone, soy lecithin, tragant powder, Arabia.
- examples include rubber, dextrin, and pullulan.
- sugar derivatives include sugars and sugar alcohols, examples of sugars include lactose, sucrose, glucose, fructose, and sucrose, and examples of sugar alcohols include mannitol, sorbitol, erythritol, xylitol, and powdered maltose water candy. Examples include maltitol.
- Starch derivatives include starch, potato starch, corn starch (corn starch), rice starch, partially pregelatinized starch, pregelatinized starch, perforated starch, carboxystarch sodium, hydroxypropyl starch, low substitution carboxymethyl starch, carboxymethyl starch. And so on.
- Examples of the cellulose derivative include crystalline cellulose, powdered cellulose, sodium carmellose, carmellose, sodium croscarmellose, carmellose calcium, carboxymethyl ethyl cellulose, low-degree-of-substitution hydroxypropyl cellulose and the like.
- Inorganic excipients include silicate derivatives, phosphates, carbonates, sulfates, magnesium oxide, titanium oxide, calcium lactate, synthetic hydrotalcite, talc, kaolin, dried aluminum hydroxide, magnesium oxide, bentonite. And so on.
- Examples of the silicate derivative include hydrous silicon dioxide, silicon dioxide such as light anhydrous silicic acid, magnesium aluminometasilicate, synthetic aluminum silicate, calcium silicate and the like.
- Examples of the phosphate include anhydrous calcium hydrogen phosphate, calcium monohydrogen phosphate, calcium hydrogen phosphate, sodium hydrogen phosphate, dipotassium phosphate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, calcium dihydrogen phosphate, and sodium dihydrogen phosphate. And so on.
- Examples of the carbonate include precipitated calcium carbonate, calcium carbonate, magnesium carbonate and the like.
- Examples of the sulfate include calcium sulfate and the like. These excipients may be used by mixing two or more kinds in an appropriate ratio.
- the excipient in the pharmaceutical product of the present invention is preferably lactose.
- Sugar alcohol A mixture of sugar and sugar alcohol may be used. In this case, sugar alcohols and sugars may be combined, sugar alcohols and other sugar alcohols may be combined, and sugars and other sugars may be combined.
- a binder may be used, and a binder listed in the Japanese Pharmacopoeia, the Japanese Pharmacopoeia non-Japanese Pharmacopoeia, the pharmaceutical additive standard, the food additive official standard, etc. can be used.
- the binder include cellulose-based binders, starch-based binders, vinyl-based binders, polyethers, gum arabic, rubber arabic powder, gum arabic powder, alginic acid, sodium alginate, sucrose, gelatin, dextrin, purulan, and the like.
- examples thereof include tragant, tragant powder, xanthan gum, pectin, sodium polyacrylate, agar, powdered aubergine, guar gum, light anhydrous silicic acid, and hardened oil.
- cellulose-based binder examples include carboxymethyl cellulose (carmellose, CMC), sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (sodium carmellose), hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC), hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC), hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose (hypromellose) (HPMC), and methyl cellulose (MC). ), Crystallized cellulose, microcrystalline cellulose, ethyl cellulose, crystalline cellulose / carmellose sodium, carmellose calcium, powdered cellulose, low-substituted hydroxypropyl cellulose and the like.
- carboxymethyl cellulose carboxymethyl cellulose
- CMC carboxymethyl cellulose
- HEC hydroxyethyl cellulose
- HPC hydroxypropyl cellulose
- HPMC hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose
- MC methyl cellulose
- starch-based binders examples include starch, pregelatinized starch, partially pregelatinized starch, potato starch, wheat starch, rice starch, perforated starch, corn starch, hydroxypropyl starch, sodium starch glycolate (sodium carboxymethyl starch), etc. Can be mentioned.
- vinyl-based binder examples include polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), polyvinylpyrrolidone (povidone) (PVP), carboxyvinyl polymer, copolyvidone and the like.
- Polyethers include macrogol (polyethylene glycol) 200, macrogol 300, macrogol 400, macrogol 600, macrogol 1000, macrogol 1500, macrogol 1540, macrogol 4000, macrogol 6000, macrogol 20000, and glycerin. , Polyoxyethylene [105] polyoxypropylene [5] glycol, propylene glycol and the like.
- binders may be used by mixing two or more kinds at an appropriate ratio.
- the binder in the pharmaceutical product of the present invention is preferably hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC).
- a disintegrant may be used, and a disintegrant listed in the Japanese Pharmacopoeia, non-Japanese Pharmacopoeia pharmaceutical standards, pharmaceutical additive standards, food additive official regulations, etc. can be used.
- examples of the disintegrant include a cellulose-based disintegrant, a starch-based disintegrant, a vinyl-based disintegrant, magnesium aluminometasilicate, and the like.
- cellulosic disintegrant examples include carmellose, carmellose calcium, carmellose sodium, hydroxypropyl cellulose, low-substituted hydroxypropyl cellulose, croscarmellose sodium (Ac-Di-Sol), crystalline cellulose, powdered cellulose and the like.
- starch-based disintegrant examples include partially pregelatinized starch, potato starch, corn starch, hydroxypropyl starch, sodium carboxymethyl starch, sodium carboxymethyl starch with a low degree of substitution, sodium starch glycolate, pregelatinized starch, starch and the like.
- vinyl-based disintegrant examples include crospovidone, polyvinyl alcohol, and the like.
- disintegrants may be used by mixing two or more kinds at an appropriate ratio.
- the disintegrant in the pharmaceutical product of the present invention is preferably low-substituted hydroxypropyl cellulose.
- one or more selected from the group consisting of lactose, hydroxypropyl cellulose and low-substituted hydroxypropyl cellulose can be used in the steps of wet kneading and / or wet granulation.
- the present invention also includes a pharmaceutical composition containing a compound represented by the formula (I) obtained by the method for producing a pharmaceutical composition of the present invention.
- the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention also includes a pharmaceutical composition containing crystals such as the compound represented by the formula (I) obtained by the method for producing a crystal of the present invention.
- a pharmaceutical composition containing anhydrous Japanese crystals of the compound represented by the formula (I) is preferable.
- the present invention also includes a pharmaceutical composition containing the compound represented by the formula (I) and the like obtained by the production method of the present invention.
- the production method of the present invention may include other steps.
- the present invention also includes a pharmaceutical composition containing a compound represented by the formula (I) represented by wet kneading and / or wet granulation.
- the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention does not contain the compound represented by the formula (III), or contains the compound represented by the formula (III), and the formula (III) with respect to the amount of the compound represented by the formula (I) and the like. ),
- the content ratio of the compound is preferably 0.0001 to 10 ppm.
- Not containing the compound represented by the formula (III) means that the compound represented by the formula (III) is not contained, or even if the compound represented by the formula (III) is contained, the amount of the compound represented by the formula (III) is below the detection limit. This means that the compound represented by the formula (III) cannot be detected.
- the stability test is performed under the condition of 40 ⁇ 2 ° C. relative humidity 75 ⁇ 5% (glass bottle opening) for 6 months, the compound represented by the formula (III) is not detected or is represented by the formula (I).
- a pharmaceutical composition in which the content ratio of the compound represented by the formula (III) to the amount of the compound or the like is 0.0001 to 30 ppm is preferable.
- the compound represented by the formula (III) is not detected or is represented by the formula (I).
- a pharmaceutical composition in which the content ratio of the compound represented by the formula (III) to the amount of the compound or the like is 0.0001 to 10 ppm is more preferable.
- the content ratio of the compound represented by the formula (III) to the amount of the compound represented by the formula (I) was 0.0001 to 30 ppm.
- Pharmaceutical compositions are also included. Although there is a range of the above temperature and relative humidity, the compound represented by the formula (I) and the like can be found when the stability test is performed for a certain period at any of the temperatures and relative humidity included in the above range. Also included in the present invention is a pharmaceutical composition in which the content ratio of the compound represented by the formula (III) to the amount is 0.0001 to 30 ppm.
- the content ratio of the compound represented by the formula (III) to the amount of the compound represented by the formula (I) may be 0.0001 to 30 ppm. ..
- the content ratio of the compound represented by the formula (III) to the amount of the compound represented by the formula (I) is 0.0001 to 20 ppm, more preferably 0.0001 to 10 ppm. It is a composition.
- the amount of the amorphous compound represented by the formula (I) in the pharmaceutical composition is small, and the formation of the compound represented by the formula (III) is suppressed in the stability test over time. can do.
- the temporal stability test may be performed under the condition of 40 ⁇ 2 ° C. relative humidity 75% ⁇ 5% (also referred to as 40 ⁇ 2 ° C./75 ⁇ 5% RH) for 6 months as an accelerated test, and 25 ⁇ as a long-term test.
- 2 ° C. Relative humidity 60 ⁇ 5% also referred to as 25 ⁇ 2 ° C./60 ⁇ 5% RH
- These tests can be performed under the conditions of a glass bottle sealed or opened, and a low density polyethylene bag. It is preferable to open the glass bottle under the above relative humidity.
- the method for carrying out these stability tests is described in the Japanese Pharmacopoeia, so it can be carried out according to it.
- the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention may be a solid preparation. Specifically, granules, fine granules, tablets, powders, capsules, pills and the like may be used, but granules or tablets are preferable.
- the elementary formulation or granule is a formulation or granule that can be coated, for example.
- An elementary preparation of a powder, a fine granule or a granule is called an elementary preparation of a tablet, and an elementary preparation of a tablet is called an uncoated tablet.
- any shape can be adopted as the shape of the tablet, and specifically, a tablet having a round shape, an elliptical shape, a spherical shape, a rod shape, or a donut shape can be used. Further, a laminated lock, a nucleated lock, or the like may be used, but a single-layer lock having a simple manufacturing method is preferable. Further, a mark for improving the distinctiveness, an engraving such as a character, and a dividing line for division may be added.
- the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention in the form of tablets or granules also includes pharmaceutical compositions containing hydroxycarboxylic acid esters, polyhydric alcohol esters and / or polyethers in tablets or granules.
- the hydroxycarboxylic acid esters, the polyhydric alcohol esters, and the polyethers include those used in the method for producing a pharmaceutical composition of the present invention.
- tablets or granules such as triethyl citrate, migliol (eg, migliol 812, migliol 810, migliol 829), triacetin, macrogol 6000, polysorbate 20, polysorbate 60, polysorbate 80 and fats and oils (sesame oil, corn oil, olive oil). And soybean oil, etc.), a pharmaceutical composition containing a compound represented by the formula (I) and the like, which contains one or more selected from the group consisting of a tablet or granules, is preferable.
- a pharmaceutical composition which is a tablet or a granule and contains a compound represented by the formula (I) containing triethyl citrate in the tablet or the granule is preferable.
- the method for producing the granule which is the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention, is not particularly limited, but specifically, an active ingredient, hydroxycarboxylic acid esters, polyhydric alcohol and / or an additive such as a polyether and an excipient.
- a method of granulating the mixed powder after producing the mixed powder preferably a wet granulation method of adding water or water containing a binder or a solvent to granulate the mixed powder.
- the method for producing a tablet which is the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention, is not particularly limited, but specifically, granules are produced by the above method, and a binder, a disintegrant, and a lubricant are added to the granules.
- This is a tableting method in which the mixed granules are mixed and the mixed granules are tableted with a tableting machine.
- a V-type mixer or a container blender can be used as a machine for mixing active ingredients, additives and the like.
- the locking machine a single-shot locking machine, a rotary type locking machine, or the like can be used as the locking machine.
- the amount of hydroxycarboxylic acid esters, polyhydric alcohols and / or polyether esters can be 0.001 to 15% by weight, more preferably 0.01 to 10% by weight, based on the total amount of the pharmaceutical composition. Is 0.1 to 5% by weight, more preferably 0.1 to 2% by weight.
- the amount of hydroxycarboxylic acid esters, polyhydric alcohol esters and / or polyethers can be 0.0001 to 0.5 parts by weight, preferably 0.001 to 0 parts by weight, based on 1 part by weight of the compound. .3 parts by weight.
- the pharmaceutical composition in the form of tablets or granules containing hydroxycarboxylic acid esters, polyhydric alcohol esters and / or polyethers in the tablets or granules also contains the compound represented by the formula (III).
- the content ratio of the compound represented by the formula (III) to the amount of the compound represented by the formula (I) is preferably 0.0001 to 10 ppm. Further, when the stability test was performed under the condition of 40 ⁇ 2 ° C. relative humidity 75 ⁇ 5% (glass bottle opening or low density polyethylene bag) for 6 months, the formula (I) with respect to the amount of the compound and the like represented by the formula (I).
- the content ratio of the compound shown in III) is preferably 0.0001 to 30 ppm.
- the compound represented by the formula (I) and the like are contained in an amount of 1 to 1000 mg, preferably 10 to 450 mg, and more preferably 50 to 300 mg.
- the blending amount of the compound represented by the formula (I) is 0.1 to 90% by weight, preferably 20 to 50% by weight, more preferably 20% by weight, based on the total amount of the pharmaceutical composition. It is 25 to 40% by weight.
- the blending amount of the compound represented by the formula (I) is 0.1 to 90% by weight, preferably 20 to 50% by weight, based on the total amount of the uncoated tablets or granules. It is preferably 25 to 40% by weight.
- the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention may contain one or more additives selected from the group consisting of excipients, binders, disintegrants and lubricants.
- excipients include those used in the above-mentioned method for producing the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention.
- binder and the disintegrant include those used in the above-mentioned method for producing the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention.
- the lubricating agent listed in the Japanese Pharmacopoeia, the Japanese Pharmacopoeia non-Japanese Pharmacopoeia, the pharmaceutical additive standard, the food additive official standard, etc. can be used.
- the lubricant include stearic acid and a metal stearic acid salt, an inorganic lubricant, a hydrophobic lubricant, a hydrophilic lubricant, and stearyl sodium fumarate.
- stearic acid and metal stearic acid salt examples include magnesium stearate, calcium stearate, stearic acid, stearyl alcohol, polyoxyl 40 stearate and the like.
- inorganic lubricants talc, light anhydrous silicic acid, hydrous silicon dioxide, magnesium carbonate, precipitated calcium carbonate, dry aluminum hydroxide gel, magnesium aluminometasilicate, magnesium silicate, synthetic aluminum silicate, magnesium oxide, Examples include magnesium sulfate.
- hydrophobic lubricant examples include cocoa butter, carnauba wax, glycerin fatty acid ester, hydrogenated oil, hydrogenated oil, hydrogenated soybean oil, hydrogenated oil, cetanol, sodium laurate and the like.
- hydrophilic lubricant examples include sucrose fatty acid ester and polyethylene glycol (macrogol).
- lubricants may be used by mixing two or more kinds at an appropriate ratio.
- the lubricant in the present invention is preferably magnesium stearate.
- a pharmaceutical composition containing one or more selected from the group consisting of lactose, low-substituted hydroxypropyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose and magnesium stearate is preferable.
- the content of the excipient in the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention is not particularly limited, but is 10 to 90% by weight, preferably 25 to 75% by weight, more preferably 45 to 65% by weight based on the total amount of the pharmaceutical composition. By weight%. When two or more kinds of excipients are used, the total amount of the excipients may be within the above-mentioned content range.
- the content of the binder in the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention is not particularly limited, but is 0.1 to 20% by weight, preferably 0.5 to 10% by weight, more preferably 1 with respect to the total amount of the pharmaceutical composition. ⁇ 5% by weight. When two or more kinds of binders are used, the total amount of the binders may be within the above content range.
- the content of the disintegrant in the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention is not particularly limited, but is 0.1 to 20% by weight, preferably 0.5 to 10% by weight, more preferably 2 with respect to the total amount of the pharmaceutical composition. ⁇ 7% by weight.
- the total amount of the binders may be within the above content range.
- the content of the lubricant in the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention is not particularly limited, but is 0.05 to 10% by weight, preferably 0.1 to 7% by weight, more preferably, based on the total amount of the pharmaceutical composition. Is 0.2 to 3% by weight.
- the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention may be a plain tablet or a plain granule, or may be a coated tablet or a coated granule.
- coated tablets and granules after producing tablets and granules according to the method for producing a pharmaceutical composition of the present invention, the tablets and granules are coated with a photostabilizing substance and a polymer to form a coating layer.
- a photostabilizing substance and a polymer to form a coating layer.
- a fluidized bed granulation coating machine, a fluidized bed rolling coating machine, or the like can be used.
- a pan coating machine, a breathable coating machine, or the like can be used.
- a coating agent used in this pharmaceutical composition a coating agent listed in the Japanese Pharmacopoeia, non-Japanese Pharmacopoeia pharmaceutical standards, pharmaceutical additive standards, food additive official regulations, etc. can be used.
- examples of the coating agent include a water-soluble coating agent, a sustained release coating agent, an enteric coating agent, a sugar-coated base material, and the like. These coating agents are coated on the surface of tablets, granules, capsules and the like.
- Water-soluble coating agents include cellulose-based polymers, acrylic acid-based polymers, vinyl-based polymers, and polysaccharides
- cellulose-based polymers include hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC), hypromellose (HPMC), methyl cellulose, and hydroxy. Examples thereof include ethyl cellulose, methyl hydroxyethyl cellulose and the like
- examples of the acrylic acid-based polymer include aminoalkyl acrylate copolymer E and polyvinyl acetal diethylaminoacetate
- examples of the vinyl-based polymer include polyvinylpyrrolidone and polysaccharides. Examples include pull run and the like.
- the preparation may be coated with a sustained release coating agent.
- the sustained-release coating agent include a cellulose-based polymer and an acrylic acid-based polymer
- examples of the cellulose-based polymer include ethyl cellulose
- examples of the acrylic acid-based polymer include an aminoalkyl methacrylate copolymer RS.
- Eudragit RS trade name
- Eudragit NE trade name
- the preparation When manufacturing an enteric-coated preparation described in the Japanese Pharmacopoeia, the preparation may be coated with an enteric-coated coating agent.
- Enteric coating agents include cellulose-based polymers, acrylic acid-based polymers, and natural products, and cellulose-based polymers include hydroxypropylmethylcellulose phthalate, hydroxypropylmethylcellulose acetate succinate, hydroxyethylcellulose, carboxymethylethylcellulose, and acetic acid.
- acrylic acid-based polymers examples include cellulose phthalate, and examples of the acrylic acid-based polymer include methacrylic acid copolymer L [Eudragit L (trade name)], methacrylic acid copolymer LD [Eudragit L-30D55 (trade name)], and methacrylic acid copolymer.
- Acrylic acid-based macromolecules such as S [Eudragit S (trade name)] and the like can be mentioned, and Celac can be mentioned as a natural product.
- sugar coating base examples include refined sucrose, which is selected from talc, precipitated calcium carbonate, gelatin, gum arabic, pullulan, carnauba wax and the like.
- the coating agent in the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention is preferably hypromellose (HPMC).
- the content of the coating agent in the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention is not particularly limited, but is 0.1 to 10% by weight, preferably 0.5 to 7% by weight, more preferably 1 to 1 to the total amount of the preparation. It is 5% by weight. When two or more kinds of coating agents are used, the total amount of the coating agents may be within the above content range.
- the film-coated layer is usually 1 to 10 parts by weight, preferably 2 to 6 parts by weight, per 100 parts by weight of the uncoated tablet.
- the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention may contain a plasticizer together with a coating agent, and is listed in the Japanese Pharmacopoeia, non-Japanese Pharmacopoeia pharmaceutical standards, pharmaceutical additive standards, food additive official regulations, and the like.
- Agents can be used.
- examples of the plasticizer include citrate esters, glycerin fatty acid esters, surfactants, monostea, diethyl phthalate, dibutyl phthalate, diethyl sebacate, dibutyl sebacate and the like.
- citric acid esters include triethyl citrate, tributyl citrate, and acetylated triethyl citrate.
- glycerin fatty acid ester examples include triacetin, polyethylene glycol, propylene glycol, glycerin, monoacetylglycerin and the like.
- surfactant examples include sorbitan monolaurate, poloxamer, polyoxyethylene hydrogenated castor oil, polysorbate and the like.
- plasticizers may be used by mixing two or more kinds at an appropriate ratio.
- the plasticizer in the pharmaceutical product of the present invention is preferably triethyl citrate.
- the content of the plasticizer in the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention is not particularly limited, but is 0.01 to 5% by weight, preferably 0.05 to 1% by weight, based on the total amount of the pharmaceutical product. When two or more kinds of plasticizers are used, the total amount of the plasticizers may be within the above content range.
- the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention may contain a colorant, and the colorant listed in the Japanese Pharmacopoeia, the Japanese Pharmacopoeia non-Japanese Pharmacopoeia, the pharmaceutical additive standard, the food additive official standard, etc. is used. can do.
- the colorant include natural dyes (natural colorants), synthetic dyes (synthetic colorants), iron oxide, titanium oxide, talc, riboflavin, and light anhydrous silicic acid.
- examples of the natural pigment (natural colorant) include caramel color, turmeric extract, ⁇ -carotene, carotene, kanzo extract, kumazasa extract and the like.
- synthetic pigments (synthetic colorants) edible blue No. 1, edible blue No.
- iron oxide examples include yellow iron sesquioxide, iron sesquioxide, black iron oxide, yellow iron oxide, and brown iron oxide. These colorants may be used by mixing two or more kinds at an appropriate ratio. Preferred are talc, yellow iron sesquioxide and / or iron sesquioxide.
- the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention contains a compound represented by the formula (I) and the like.
- the compounds represented by the formula (I) have an antagonistic effect on P2X 3 and / or P2X 2/3 receptors. Therefore, the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention is useful as a therapeutic agent for diseases involving P2X 3 and / or P2X 2/3.
- P2X 3 and / or P2X 2/3 receptors are considered to be involved in pain, urinary system diseases and respiratory diseases, and the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention has an analgesic effect, a urinary tract disorder improving effect, and a dysuria improving effect.
- the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention is effective in treating these diseases, alleviating or preventing symptoms.
- the weight of the compound represented by the formula (I) contained in the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention, particularly in the tablet or granule, is such that the content is easy for the patient to take and the tablet or granule can be produced.
- the amount is not particularly limited, but is 1 to 450 mg, preferably 5 to 350 mg, and more preferably 10 to 300 mg per tablet or packet.
- the content of the compound represented by the formula (I) contained in one tablet or one packet is 10 mg, 20 mg, 30 mg, 50 mg, 70 mg, 100 gm, 150 gm, 200 mg, 250 mg or 300 mg.
- 10 mg means a range of 9.0 to 11.0 mg, preferably 9.5 to 10.5 mg
- 20 mg means 18.0 to 22.0 mg, preferably 19.0 to 21.
- a range of 0.0 mg is indicated
- 30 mg indicates a range of 26.0 to 34.0 mg, preferably a range of 28.0 to 32.0 mg
- 50 mg indicates a range of 46.0 to 54.0 mg.
- 70 mg indicates the range of 66.0 to 74.0 mg, preferably the range of 68.0 to 72.0 mg, and 100 mg.
- 150 mg indicates a range of 146.0 to 154.0 mg, preferably 148.0 to 152.
- a range of 9.0 mg is indicated, 200 mg indicates a range of 196.0 to 204.0 mg, preferably a range of 198.0 to 202.0 mg, and 250 mg indicates a range of 246.0 to 254.0 mg. , Preferably in the range of 248.0 to 252.0 mg, and 300 mg indicates the range of 296.0 to 304.0 mg, preferably the range of 298.0 to 302.0 mg.
- a) A step of performing chromatographic analysis on a sample of a crystal of a compound or the like represented by the formula (I) or a pharmaceutical composition containing the compound or the like represented by the formula (I); and b) obtained by the above step.
- a method of analyzing Also included is a method of using the compound represented by the formula (III) as a standard sample.
- Chromatographic analysis may be a method combined with UV detection (HPLC / UV) or a method combined with mass spectrometry (LC / MS, LC / MS / MS).
- the amount (content or content ratio) of a related substance containing the compound represented by the formula (III) can be measured by high performance liquid chromatography.
- the compound represented by the formula (III) can be used as a standard sample (reference standard) for measuring related substances.
- the content or ratio of the compound represented by the formula (III) can be calculated from the peak area of the chromatography data.
- the present invention also includes dihydrate crystals of the compound represented by the formula (I).
- the powder X-ray diffraction peak characteristic of the dihydrate crystal of the compound represented by the formula (I) is the powder X-ray diffraction angle (2 ⁇ ): 5.7 °, 7.7 °, 11.8 °, and 15.2 °, 17.7 °, 20.6 °, 20.8 °, 26.5 °, 27.1 ° or 29.1 °, each of which is within the range of ⁇ 0.2 °.
- the dihydrate crystal of the compound represented by the formula (I) has a diffraction angle (2 ⁇ ): 5.7 ⁇ 0.2 °, 7.7 ⁇ 0.2 °, 11.8 ⁇ 0.2 °. , 15.2 ⁇ 0.2 °, 17.7 ⁇ 0.2 °, 20.6 ⁇ 0.2 °, 20.8 ⁇ 0.2 °, 26.5 ⁇ 0.2 °, 27.1 ⁇ It can be identified as a crystal showing powder X-ray diffraction peaks characteristic of 0.2 ° and 29.1 ⁇ 0.2 °.
- the diffraction angle (2 ⁇ ) As the dihydrate crystal of the compound represented by the formula (I), the diffraction angle (2 ⁇ ): 5.7 ⁇ 0.2 °, 7.7 ⁇ 0.2 °, 11.8 ⁇ 0.2 °, It can be identified as a crystal showing powder X-ray diffraction peaks characteristic of 15.2 ⁇ 0.2 ° and 17.7 ⁇ 0.2 °.
- the water content of the dihydrate crystal of the present invention is, for example, 4.7 to 9.7% by weight. Preferably, it is about 5.6 to 7.6% by weight (the theoretical value of the water content of the dihydrate crystal of the compound represented by the formula (I) is 6.6%, but it adheres to the crystal. When the water content increases due to the influence of water, a part of the water in the crystal may be desorbed before the measurement and the water content may decrease).
- the compound represented by the formula (I) can be produced with reference to the method disclosed in Patent Document 1.
- Toluene (61.04 g) was added to the obtained aqueous layer at room temperature, and the aqueous layer was removed by liquid separation. The two obtained organic layers were combined, toluene (16.99 g) was added, and the mixture was distilled off under reduced pressure at 50 ° C.
- a p-toluenesulfonic acid monohydrate (28.91 g, 152.0 mmol) was dissolved in ethanol (16.00 g) to prepare an ethanol solution of p-toluenesulfonic acid (44.91 g).
- Toluene (155.91 g) was added to the concentrate prepared above, and the ethanol solution of p-toluenesulfonic acid prepared above (5.88 g) and the seed crystals of compound (3) (19.95 mg, 0.05070 mmol) were added.
- Toluene (63 ⁇ L) was added to the suspension, and the suspended slurry was added at room temperature.
- An ethanol solution (39.93 g) of p-toluenesulfonic acid prepared above was added to the obtained slurry, ethanol (10 mL) was added, the mixture was stirred for 2 hours, and the mixture was allowed to stand overnight. The mixture was cooled to 0 ° C.
- Acetonitrile (15.00 g) was added to the reaction mixture, and the mixture was stirred at 2 ° C. for 1 hour and 22 minutes.
- 1,8-diazabicyclo [5.4.0] -7-undecene (17.40 g, 114.3 mmol) and acetonitrile (3.00 g) at 2 ° C. and cooled to 1 ° C.
- 1H-Pyrazole-1-carboxyamidine hydrochloride (16.80 g, 114.6 mmol) and acetonitrile (3.00 g) were added to the reaction solution.
- the reaction solution was heated to 60 ° C. and stirred for 2 hours and 10 minutes.
- the reaction solution was cooled to 20 ° C.
- the reaction solution was distilled off under reduced pressure at 50 ° C. N, N-dimethylacetamide (27.00 g) was added to the obtained concentrate, the mixture was cooled to 10 ° C., and 17% sulfuric acid water (204.1 g) and water (19.00 g) were added. 17% sulfuric acid water (31.30 g) and water (2.50 g) were added to the reaction solution at 25 ° C., and the mixture was stirred for 1 hour and 48 minutes. The reaction solution was distilled off under reduced pressure at 50 ° C. Water (190 mL) was added to the obtained concentrate, the mixture was cooled to 2 ° C., and then 17% sulfuric acid water (3.30 g) and water (1.30 g) were added.
- N, N-dimethylacetamide solution of compound (8) prepared by dissolving compound (8) (7.43 g, 39.9 mmol) in N, N-dimethylacetamide (9.55 g) was added to the reaction solution, and N. , N-Dimethylacetamide (9.55 g) was added.
- the reaction mixture was stirred at 40 ° C. for 3 hours and cooled to room temperature.
- Acetone (27.94 g) and water (35.46 g) were added to the reaction solution.
- a seed crystal (10.13 mg) of compound (9), water (0.40 g) and acetone (0.08 g) were added to the reaction solution, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 3 hours and 25 minutes and left overnight.
- N, N-dimethylacetamide solution of compound (8) prepared by dissolving compound (8) (3.66 g, 19.7 mmol) in N, N-dimethylacetamide (4.71 g) was added to the reaction solution, and N. , N-Dimethylacetamide (4.71 g) was added.
- the reaction mixture was stirred at 40 ° C. for 3 hours and 25 minutes and cooled to room temperature.
- Acetone (13.79 g) and water (17.54 g) were added to the reaction solution, and the mixture was left at room temperature overnight.
- the reaction solution was heated to 25 ° C. and stirred for 5 hours, water (15.00 g) was added, and the mixture was stirred at 25 ° C. for 2 hours.
- the precipitated solid was collected by filtration to obtain a seed crystal (8.17 g, 87.2%) of compound (9).
- the powder X-ray diffraction pattern of the crystal of the anhydrous sum of the compound represented by the formula (I) is shown in FIG. Diffraction angle (2 ⁇ ): 7.9 °, 9.3 °, 12.6 °, 12.9 °, 15.8 °, 17.2 °, 19.4 °, 21.7 °, 23.9 ° , 25.4 °, 26.6 °, 27.8 °, 32.8 °
- the Raman spectrum of the crystal of the anhydrous sum of the compound represented by the formula (I) is shown in FIG. 829cm -1 ⁇ 2cm -1, 989cm -1 ⁇ 2cm -1, 1013cm -1 ⁇ 2cm -1, 1093cm -1 ⁇ 2cm -1, 1128cm -1 ⁇ 2cm -1, 1243cm -1 ⁇ 2cm -1, 1370cm - 1 ⁇ 2cm -1, 1599cm -1 ⁇ 2cm -1, 1659cm -1 ⁇ 2cm -1, 1735cm -1 ⁇ 2cm -1, 2938cm -1 ⁇ 2cm -1, major absorption peak at 3067cm -1 ⁇ 2cm -1 Was recognized.
- the obtained slurry was cooled to 5 ° C. and filtered to obtain dihydrate crystals (49.23 g) of the compound represented by the formula (I).
- the fact that it was a dihydrate crystal was confirmed by differential thermal / thermogravimetric simultaneous measurement (TG / DTA), water absorption / desorption measurement (DVS), and powder X-ray diffraction measurement.
- the powder X-ray diffraction pattern of the dihydrate crystal of the compound represented by the formula (I) is shown in FIG. Diffraction angle (2 ⁇ ): 5.7 °, 7.7 °, 11.8 °, 15.2 °, 17.7 °, 20.6 °, 20.8 °, 26.5 °, 27.1 ° , 29.1 °
- FIG. 4 shows the results of differential thermogravimetric simultaneous measurement (TG / DTA) of the dihydrate crystals of the compound represented by the formula (I). As a result, it was confirmed that the weight was reduced by 6.4% from about 55 ° C to about 85 ° C with an endothermic peak. Since the theoretical value of the water content of the dihydrate crystal of the compound represented by the formula (I) is 6.6%, it is confirmed that the dihydrate crystal of the compound represented by the formula (I) is used. bottom.
- Example L Synthesis of seed crystals of dihydrate of the compound represented by the formula (I) 2-propanol (109.91 g) and water (63) were added to the compound (9) (70.00 g, 134.1 mmol). .02 g), 48% sodium hydroxide (27.95 g, 335.4 mmol) was added, and the mixture was stirred at 25 ° C. for 4 hours. To the obtained reaction solution, 2-propanol (16.49 g), methanol (127.43 g) and water (217.00 g) were added, and then formic acid (9.88 g, 215 mmol) was added at 25 ° C. to 25. The mixture was stirred at ° C for 35 minutes.
- a dihydrate of the compound represented by the formula (I) 64.04 g, the content ratio of the compound represented by the formula (III): undetected
- the content ratio of the compound represented by the formula (III) in the dihydrate crystals of the compound represented by the formula (I) produced in Example L was determined by the following method. It was obtained by the same method in Examples 1 to 4 and 6 and Reference Examples 1 and 2.
- Step 1 The compound represented by the formula (III) was precisely weighed in an amount of about 25 mg and dissolved in an N, N-dimethylformamide / water mixture (9: 1) to make exactly 20 mL.
- Step 2 Accurately take 1 mL of the solution of Step 1 and add N, N-dimethylformamide / water mixture (9: 1) to make exactly 50 mL.
- Step 3 Accurately take 2 mL of the solution of Step 2, add N, N-dimethylformamide / water mixture (9: 1) to make exactly 20 mL, and use this as a standard solution.
- sample solution was prepared by the following method. Approximately 125-600 mg of the sample was precisely weighed and dissolved by adding N, N-dimethylformamide / water mixture (9: 1) to make exactly 5 mL.
- the 90% particle size in the production method of Reference Example 1 was determined by the following method. In Examples 1 to 6 and Reference Example 3, it was obtained by the same method.
- Test Example 2 Method for measuring 90% particle size The 90% particle size was measured by the following methods and conditions.
- -Measuring equipment Laser diffraction type particle size distribution measuring device (HELOS & RODOS, Symboltec) ⁇ Dispersion pressure: 4bar ⁇ Feed: 50% ⁇ Rotation: 20% ⁇
- Examples 1 to 4 show a method for producing a crystal such as a compound represented by the formula (I), which comprises a wet pulverization step using a pressure homogenizer.
- Example 1 Production of wet pulverized product of compound represented by formula (I) (1) To compound (9) (70.00 g, 134.12 mmol) was added 2-propanol (109.91 g), water (63.00 g) and 48% sodium hydroxide (27.94 g, 335.3 mmol) at 35 ° C. The mixture was stirred for 2 hours. 2-Propanol (32.97 g), water (63.00 g), and methanol (177.30 g) were added to the reaction solution (content ratio of the compound represented by the formula (III): 54.3 ppm), and the temperature was raised to 50 ° C.
- the obtained slurry is wet-ground with a pressure homogenizer and then filtered to obtain anhydrous crystals of the compound represented by the formula (I) (62.86 g, 90% particle size: 5.51 ⁇ m, formula (III)).
- the content ratio of the compound shown in 1: 1.10 ppm) was obtained.
- the content ratio of the compound represented by the formula (III) in the solution in the production method of Example 1 was determined by the following method. In Example 4 and Reference Examples 2 to 3, the same method was used.
- Step 3 Measurement of the content ratio of the compound represented by the formula (III) contained in the solution (preparation of a standard solution)
- a standard sample of the compound represented by the formula (III) was prepared by the following method.
- Step 1 The compound represented by the formula (III) was precisely weighed in an amount of about 25 mg and dissolved in an N, N-dimethylformamide / water mixture (9: 1) to make exactly 20 mL.
- Step 2 Accurately take 1 mL of the solution of Step 1 and add N, N-dimethylformamide / water mixture (9: 1) to make exactly 50 mL.
- Step 3 Accurately take 2 mL of the solution of Step 2, add N, N-dimethylformamide / water mixture (9: 1) to make exactly 20 mL, and use this as a standard solution.
- sample solution was prepared by the following method. Approximately 60 to 1300 mg of the sample was precisely weighed and dissolved by adding N, N-dimethylformamide / water mixture (9: 1) to make exactly 5 mL.
- Example 4 Stability Test The samples obtained in Example 1 and Reference Example 1 were subjected to a storage stability test, and the content of the compound represented by the formula (III) was evaluated.
- Table 3 shows the storage conditions and packaging form of Example 1
- Table 4 shows the storage conditions and packaging form of Reference Example 1.
- the details of the packaging form are shown below, and the same applies to the other tables.
- ⁇ Double polyethylene bag ⁇ Convex ⁇ Metal can The sample was placed in a polyethylene bag (Suntech-LD M2206 (additive-free product) 100 ⁇ 210 ⁇ 0.1 mm, Towa Kako) and fastened with a convex (CV100N, turf light crude material).
- This bag was further placed in a polyethylene (Suntech-LD M2206 (additive-free) 100 ⁇ 210 ⁇ 0.1 mm, Towa Kako) bag, and similarly tightened with convex (CV100N, turf light crude material).
- a metal can Sandia, a stainless steel can having an inner diameter of 16 cm and a depth of 18 cm.
- Double polyethylene bag ⁇ Convex (with desiccant) ⁇ Metal can The sample was placed in a polyethylene bag (Suntech-LD M2206 (additive-free product) 100 ⁇ 210 ⁇ 0.1 mm, Towa Kako) and fastened with a convex (CV100N, turf light crude material). This bag was further placed in a polyethylene bag (Suntech-LD M2206 (additive-free product) 100 ⁇ 210 ⁇ 0.1 mm, Towa Kako) and similarly tightened with convex (CV100N, turf light crude material).
- Table 5 shows the amount of the compound represented by the formula (III) with respect to the amount of the compound represented by the formula (I) in the time-preserved product.
- M represents the month.
- the content ratio of the compound shown was 15 ppm for 1 month (12 ppm increase from the start of the test) and 18 ppm for 3 months (15 ppm increase from the start of the test) in the sample of Reference Example 1.
- Example 1 On the other hand, in the sample of Example 1, 1 month is 2 ppm (increase from the start of the test is 1 ppm), 3 months is 3 ppm (increase from the start of the test is 2 ppm), and 6 months is 4 ppm (at the start of the test). The amount of increase from was 3 ppm).
- the wet-ground sample of Example 1 suppressed the increase in the amount of the compound represented by the formula (III) as compared with the sample of Reference Example 1. From this, it was found that the stability is improved by wet pulverizing the compound represented by the formula (I) or the like. Further, based on the above results, the crystal of the present invention was subjected to a stability test under the condition of 40 ⁇ 2 ° C.
- Example 2 Production of a wet pulverized product of the compound represented by the formula (I) (2) 2-Propanol (2366 g), water (1004 g), methanol (3011 g), 48% sodium hydroxide (463 g, 5.56 mol) in anhydrous sum crystals (1129 g, 2.300 mol) of the compound represented by the formula (I). Is added and dissolved, the temperature is raised to 50 ° C., and while being treated with a pressure homogenizer (LAB2000, SMT), formic acid (307 g, 6.67 mol) and anhydrous Japanese crystals (1) of the compound represented by the formula (I) are used.
- LAB2000, SMT pressure homogenizer
- Example 3 Production of a wet pulverized product of the compound represented by the formula (I) (3) To compound (9) (70.00 g, 134.12 mmol) was added 2-propanol (109.91 g), water (63.00 g) and 48% sodium hydroxide (27.95 g, 335.4 mmol) at 25 ° C. Was stirred for 5 hours and dissolved. 2-Propanol (16.49 g), water (217.00 g), and methanol (127.44 g) were added to the reaction solution, and formic acid (9.88 g) was added at 25 ° C. while being treated with a pressure homogenizer (LAB2000, SMT).
- LAB2000, SMT a pressure homogenizer
- the obtained slurry is wet-ground with a pressure homogenizer and then filtered to obtain anhydrous crystals of the compound represented by the formula (I) (60.44 g, 90% particle size: 6.48 ⁇ m, formula (III)).
- the content ratio of the compound indicated by (1.5 ppm) was obtained.
- Example 4 Production of a wet pulverized product of the compound represented by the formula (I) (4) 2-Propanol (2166 g), water (4642 g), methanol (2260 g), 48% sodium hydroxide (479 g, 5.75 mol) in anhydrous crystals (1168 g, 2.300 mol) of the compound represented by the formula (I). Was dissolved (content ratio of the compound represented by the formula (III): 58.4 ppm). Then, formic acid (169 g, 3.67 mol) was added at 25 ° C., and the mixture was stirred at 25 ° C. for 30 minutes while being treated with a pressure homogenizer (LAB2000, SMT).
- LAB2000, SMT a pressure homogenizer
- a compound represented by the formula (I) is added to the obtained slurry by adding an aqueous solution of formic acid (148 g, 3.22 mol) and water (1202 g) at 25 ° C. and then adding water (240 g). Dihydrate crystals of No. 1 were precipitated to obtain a slurry. Seed crystals (1.20 g) and methanol (475 g) of an anhydrous compound represented by the formula (I) were added to the obtained slurry, and the mixture was stirred at 50 ° C. for 1 hour and then cooled to 25 ° C.
- the obtained slurry is wet-ground with a pressure homogenizer and then filtered to obtain an anhydrous crystal of the compound represented by the formula (I) (1659 g, 90% particle size: 8.82 ⁇ m, represented by the formula (III).
- the content ratio of the compound to be obtained: 1.3 ppm) was obtained.
- the total amount of the compound represented by the formula (III) contained in the filtrate after filtration and the obtained crystals is 67.1 ppm, and the content of the compound represented by the formula (III) during the crystallization operation is contained.
- Example 5 Production of a wet pulverized product of the compound represented by the formula (I) (5) To compound (9) (220.00 g, 421.49 mmol) was added 2-propanol (345.42 g), water (198.22 g) and 48% sodium hydroxide (87.82 g, 1054 mmol), and the mixture was added at 30 ° C. for 3 hours. Stirred.
- Example 6 Production of a wet pulverized product of the compound represented by the formula (I) (6) 2-Propanol (49.00 g), water (43.20 g), methanol (60.81 g), 48% hydroxide in anhydrous crystals (23.36 g, 44.75 mmol) of the compound represented by the formula (I). Sodium (9.58 g, 115 mmol) is added, the temperature is raised to 50 ° C., and the mixture is treated with a rotor-stator type homogenizer (HG92, SMT), and is represented by formic acid (6.50 g, 141 mmol), formula (I).
- HG92, SMT rotor-stator type homogenizer
- Example 7 Production of a wet pulverized product of the compound represented by the formula (I) (7) A solution of methanol / 2-propanol / water (1.1 / 0.9 / 2vol) was added to the anhydrous crystal of the compound represented by the formula (I) to form a slurry. The obtained slurry is wet-ground with a bead mill (DYNO-MILL nanodisperser research lab type, Willy e. Bacco-Fen) and then filtered to obtain anhydrous Japanese crystals of the compound represented by the formula (I). (90% particle size: 2.794 ⁇ m) was obtained. The 90% particle size was measured by the method described in Test Example 5.
- Test Example 5 Method for measuring 90% particle size of a wet pulverized product using a bead mill The 90% particle size was measured by the following methods and conditions.
- -Measuring equipment Particle size distribution measuring device (Master Sizar 2000, Malvern)
- Dispersion solvent 0.1 g of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) dissolved in 1 L of water
- Rotation speed 2500 rpm
- Ultrasound 50% -Slurry concentration: Adjusted between 10 and 20%
- Reference Examples 2 and 3 below show a method for producing crystals such as a compound represented by the formula (I), which does not include a wet pulverization treatment step.
- Reference example 2 To compound (9) (220.00 g, 421.49 mmol), 2-propanol (345.42 g), water (198.22 g) and 48% sodium hydroxide (87.82 g, 1054 mmol) were added, and 3 at 30 ° C. The mixture was stirred for a time to obtain a reaction solution (851.31 g).
- the total amount of the compound represented by the formula (III) contained in the filtrate after filtration and the obtained crystals is 252.5 ppm, and the content of the compound represented by the formula (III) during the crystallization operation is 252.5 ppm.
- Table 6 shows the amount of increase in the content ratio of the compound represented by the formula (III) during the crystallization operation in Reference Examples 2 and 3 and Examples 1 and 4.
- Example 1 including the wet pulverization treatment step by the wet crusher has a content ratio of the compound represented by the formula (III) during the crystallization operation as compared with Reference Examples 2 and 3 not including the wet pulverization treatment step by the wet pulverizer.
- the amount of increase was small. From this, it was found that the increase in the content ratio of the compound represented by the formula (III) during the crystallization operation can be suppressed by the wet pulverization treatment step using the wet pulverizer. It is presumed that this is because the wet pulverization treatment step using the wet pulverizer promoted the nucleation of the crystals and shortened the crystallization time of the anhydrous Japanese crystal of the compound represented by the formula (I).
- Example 4 includes a wet pulverization treatment step using a wet pulverizer, and by carrying out the wet pulverization treatment step at 25 ° C., an increase in the content ratio of the compound represented by the formula (III) during the crystallization operation. Was able to be significantly reduced.
- the wet pulverization treatment step was carried out at 25 ° C. to crystallize the dihydrate crystals of the compound represented by the formula (I), and then the anhydrous sum of the compounds represented by the formula (I). A solvent-mediated transfer was performed on the crystal.
- the wet pulverization treatment step from 50 ° C. to 25 ° C., the crystallization time of the crystal of the compound represented by the formula (I) could be shortened.
- Example 4 Comparing Example 4 and Example 1, the shortening time was half, but the effect of suppressing the increase in the content ratio of the compound represented by the formula (III) was very high. From this, it is presumed that there was also an effect of low temperature crystallization and / or via dihydrate crystals in suppressing the increase in the content ratio of the compound represented by the formula (III) during the crystallization operation.
- Example 8 Production of a pharmaceutical composition containing the compound represented by the formula (I) A compound represented by the formula (I) produced by the same method as in Example 4 is wet-treated with the formulation shown in Table 8. By granulating, a pharmaceutical composition containing the compound represented by the formula (I) and the like was produced.
- the granulated product was dried in a fluidized bed granulator (CTS-FD-01W, Paulec) at an aeration temperature of 75 ° C. After drying, the grains were prepared by a screen mill (QC-197S, Paulec).
- the sized granules and magnesium stearate vegetable (MALLINCKRODT) were mixed with a lubricant by bag mixing, and tableted with a static compressor (ABM100S type, manufactured by JT Toshi).
- the uncoated lock was coated with OPADRY ORANGE 03A430007 (Japan Colorcon LLC) and triethyl citrate (MERCK) to manufacture a coated lock.
- the amount of coating film per tablet was 2% (w / w) (19.8 mg / tablet) with respect to the mass of the uncoated tablet.
- Each condition is as follows. (Mixed conditions) ⁇ Bag mixing ⁇ 10 times each on the left and right (granulation conditions) -Continuous wet granulator: CTS-MG100 ⁇ Center blade rotation speed: 5000min- 1 ⁇ Scraper rotation speed: 50min- 1 ⁇ Granulation moisture: 20% ⁇ Processing speed: 20kg / h (as a compounding powder)
- Dryer CTS-FD-01W ⁇ Supply air temperature: 75 ° C (set temperature) ⁇ Supply air volume: 1.2m3 / min ⁇ Dry weight loss: 1.0% or less
- Example 8 The sample of Example 8 was subjected to the PTP packaging shown in Table 9.
- Example 8-4 Production of a pharmaceutical composition containing the compound represented by the formula (I) Wet kneading and / or the compound represented by the dry pulverized formula (I) according to the formulation shown in Table 10 By wet granulation, a pharmaceutical composition containing the compound represented by the formula (I) and the like was produced.
- the compound represented by the formula (I) produced by the method of Reference Example 1, anhydrous lactose 24AN (DFE Pharma) and low-substituted hydroxypropyl cellulose LH21 (Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.) were prepared, sieved with a 30-mesh wire mesh, and sieved. Mixing was performed with a high-speed mixer (type 10, Fukae Kogyo) to obtain a mixture.
- Hydroxypropyl cellulose SSL (Nippon Soda) and triethyl citrate (MERCK) are dissolved in purified water, and wet granulation with a mixture and a high-speed mixer (type 10, Fukae Kogyo) with a granulation water content of 23% (w / w). bottom.
- the granulated product was sized by a power mill (Showa Kagaku Kikai Kosakusho, P-3S type) and dried by a fluidized bed granulator (5 type) (GPCG5 type, Paulek) at an aeration temperature of 65 ° C. After drying, the particles were sized by a power mill (P-3 type, Showa Kagaku Kikai Kosakusho).
- the sized granules and magnesium stearate vegetable were mixed with a lubricant in a mixer (22LV type), and locked with a tableting machine (LIBRA836BK-AWCZ type, Kikusui Seisakusho). ..
- the uncoated lock was coated with OPADRY ORANGE 03A430007 (Japan Colorcon LLC) and triethyl citrate (MERCK) to manufacture a coated lock.
- the amount of coating film per tablet was 4% (w / w) (6.0 mg / tablet) with respect to the mass of the uncoated tablet.
- the coated locks were subjected to the PTP packaging shown in Table 11.
- Locking machine LIBRA836BK-AWCZ type locking machine
- Pestle Diameter 7.0mm
- 2- stage R 13 ⁇ 2.3 CrN coating
- Pestle only 12
- Rotation speed 30 ⁇ 2.0min- 1
- Feed shoe Open
- Example 6 Stability test of pharmaceutical composition
- Preparation of standard solution, preparation of sample solution, measurement method and calculation formula of total amount of related substances were carried out by the following methods.
- Preparation of standard solution A standard sample of the compound represented by the formula (III) was prepared by the following method.
- Step 1 The compound represented by the formula (III) was precisely weighed in an amount of about 20 mg, and an acetonitrile / water mixture (4: 1) was added to dissolve the compound to make exactly 100 mL.
- Step 2 Accurately take 1 mL of the solution of Step 1 and add acetonitrile / water mixture (4: 1) to make exactly 100 mL.
- Step 3 Accurately take 1 mL of the solution of Step 2 and add acetonitrile / water mixture (4: 1) to make exactly 100 mL.
- Step 4 Accurately take 5 mL of the solution of Step 3 and add acetonitrile / water mixture (4: 1) to make exactly 20 mL, which is used as a standard solution.
- Step 1 One 300 mg tablet was added to a 300 mL volumetric flask.
- Step 2 In step 1, 60 mL of water was added and shaken vigorously for 10 minutes to completely disintegrate the tablets. The shaking time was extended as needed.
- Step 3 150 mL of acetonitrile was added to Step 2 and shaken vigorously for 30 minutes.
- Step 4 After cooling, acetonitrile was added to make exactly 300 mL, a part of the solution was centrifuged at 13000 rpm for 10 minutes, and the supernatant was used as a sample solution.
- Step 1 One 50 mg tablet was added to a 50 mL volumetric flask.
- Step 2 To Step 1, 10 mL of water was added and ultrasonically irradiated for 10 minutes to completely disintegrate. The ultrasonic irradiation time was extended as needed.
- Step 3 25 mL of acetonitrile was added to Step 2 and ultrasonically irradiated for 30 minutes.
- Step 4 After cooling, acetonitrile was added to make exactly 50 mL, and a part of the solution was centrifuged at 13000 rpm for 10 minutes, and the supernatant was used as a sample solution.
- Example 8 For the samples of Examples 8-1 to 8-4, the amount of the compound represented by the formula (III) in the time-preserved product is shown in Table 13. In the table, M represents the month. The content ratio of the compound represented by the formula (III) to the amount of the compound represented by the formula (I) in the pharmaceutical composition containing the compound represented by the formula (I) obtained by wet grinding is Example 8.
- the starting point of the test of -1 to 8-3 was 1.6 ppm. After storage at 40 ⁇ 2 ° C. and a relative humidity of 75 ⁇ 5% for 1 month under light-shielded conditions, Example 8-1 was 1.6 ppm, Example 8-2 was 1.7 ppm, and Example 8-3 was 1. It was 6 ppm.
- the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention was subjected to a stability test under the condition of 40 ⁇ 2 ° C. relative humidity 75 ⁇ 5% and 1 month, with respect to the amount of the compound and the like represented by the formula (I), according to the formula (III). ) was confirmed to be 0.0001 to 10 ppm.
- Example 8-1 was 2.4 ppm
- Example 8-2 was 2.1 ppm
- Example 8-3 was 2. It was 0 ppm.
- the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention was subjected to a stability test under the conditions of 40 ⁇ 2 ° C. relative humidity of 75 ⁇ 5% and 6 months, with respect to the amount of the compound and the like represented by the formula (I) with respect to the formula (III). ) was confirmed to be 0.0001 to 30 ppm.
- Example 8-4 which is a pharmaceutical composition obtained by wet granulation of the compound represented by the dry pulverized formula (I), was also stable at the start of the test at 1.8 ppm over time. It was 2.4 ppm 3 months after the sex test and 3.2 ppm 6 months after the stability test over time, and the increase in the amount of the compound represented by the formula (III) was suppressed. From this result, the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention was subjected to a stability test under the condition of 40 ⁇ 2 ° C. relative humidity 75 ⁇ 5% and 1 month, with respect to the amount of the compound and the like represented by the formula (I), according to the formula (III). ) Was confirmed to be 0.0001 to 10 ppm.
- the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention is subjected to a stability test under the conditions of 40 ⁇ 2 ° C. relative humidity of 75 ⁇ 5% and 6 months, according to the formula (III) with respect to the amount of the compound or the like represented by the formula (I). It was confirmed that the content ratio of the indicated compound was 0.0001 to 30 ppm. This is the effect of wet granulation.
- Example 9 The sample of Reference Example 4 was measured in a mortar, an appropriate amount of purified water was added, and wet kneading was performed with a pestle. The obtained granulated product was sieved through a 20-mesh wire mesh and dried in an aeration type dryer (TH-80, Satake Kagaku Kikai) at an aeration temperature of 60 ° C. for 30 minutes. Then, the sample was obtained by sieving with a 20-mesh wire mesh.
- TH-80 aeration type dryer
- Example 7 Stability Test The samples obtained in Example 9 and Reference Example 4 were evaluated for stability in a product stored over time. A storage stability test was conducted under the conditions of 60 ° C. glass bottle sealing, 40 ° C. glass bottle sealing and 40 ° C./75% RH glass bottle opening, and the content of the compound represented by the formula (III) was evaluated.
- preparation of standard solution A standard sample of the compound represented by the formula (III) of 5 ng / mL (corresponding to 5 ppm with respect to the sample solution) was prepared by the following method. Step 1: The compound represented by the formula (III) was precisely weighed in an amount of about 20 mg, and an acetonitrile / water mixture (4: 1) was added to dissolve the compound to make exactly 100 mL.
- Step 2 Accurately take 1 mL of the solution of Step 1 and add acetonitrile / water mixture (4: 1) to make exactly 100 mL.
- Step 3 Accurately take 1 mL of the solution of Step 2 and add acetonitrile / water mixture (4: 1) to make exactly 100 mL.
- Step 4 Accurately take 5 mL of the solution of Step 3 and add acetonitrile / water mixture (4: 1) to make exactly 20 mL, which is used as a standard solution.
- Step 1 A sample in an amount corresponding to 50 mg of the compound represented by the formula (I) was added to a 50 mL volumetric flask.
- Step 2 To Step 1, 10 mL of water was added and ultrasonically irradiated for 10 minutes to completely disintegrate. The ultrasonic irradiation time was extended as needed.
- Step 3 25 mL of acetonitrile was added to Step 2 and ultrasonically irradiated for 30 minutes.
- Step 4 After cooling, acetonitrile was added to make exactly 50 mL, and a part of the solution was centrifuged at 13000 rpm for 10 minutes, and the supernatant was used as a sample solution. (Measurement method for total amount of related substances) The amount of the compound represented by the formula (III) was measured by a liquid chromatograph according to the following method and conditions. -Measuring equipment: Agilent LC / MS / MS (PM No.
- Table 15 shows the amounts of the compounds represented by the formula (III) in the time-preserved products of Example 9 and Reference Example 4.
- the wet-kneaded sample of Example 9 suppressed the increase in the amount of the compound represented by the formula (III) as compared with the sample of Reference Example 4. From this, it was found that the stability is improved by performing wet kneading and / or wet granulation of the compound represented by the formula (I).
- W represents a week and M represents a month. The same applies to other tables.
- the content of the compound represented by the formula (III) is contained in the amount of the compound represented by the formula (I) after storage for 3 months under the condition of opening the glass bottle at 40 ° C./75% RH.
- the proportion was 19.7 ppm.
- the sample of Example 9 it was 7.1 ppm.
- the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention is represented by the formula (I) even in the stability test under the condition of 40 ⁇ 2 ° C. relative humidity 75 ⁇ 5% (glass bottle opening) for 6 months. It was strongly suggested that the content ratio of the compound represented by the formula (III) to the amount of the compound and the like was 0.0001 to 30 ppm.
- the amount of amorphous material was reduced in the sample of Example 9. Therefore, in the sample of Example 9, it is considered that the amorphous substance contained in the compound represented by the formula (I) was crystallized in the wet kneading step. In general, amorphous is less stable than crystals, so the decrease in the amount of amorphous in the wet kneading step suppressed the increase in the content of the compound represented by the formula (III). Conceivable.
- Example 10 to 14 Examination of Stabilizer A compounding test was carried out on the compound represented by the formula (I) and the additive, and the amount of the compound represented by the formula (III) in the time-preserved product was evaluated. ..
- the samples and additives used in Reference Example 4 were measured and mixed uniformly with a mortar and pestle. An appropriate amount of purified water was added to the mixture, and wet kneading was performed with a pestle.
- the obtained granulated product was sieved through a 20-mesh wire mesh and dried in an aeration type dryer (TH-80, Satake Kagaku Kikai) at an aeration temperature of 60 ° C. for 30 minutes.
- Additives include triethyl citrate (Merck), medium-chain fatty acid triglyceride migliol 812 (CREMER OLEO) (hereinafter referred to as migliol), macrogol 6000 (NOF), anhydrous lactose 24AN (DFE Pharma), hydroxypropyl cellulose SL. (Nippon Sotatsu) was used.
- Test Example 9 Stability test For the samples of Examples 10 to 14, the conditions of 60 ° C glass bottle sealing (referred to as 60 ° C sealing in Table 17) and 40 ° C glass bottle sealing (referred to as 40 ° C sealing in Table 17). A storage stability test was conducted below to evaluate the content of the compound represented by formula (III). The content of the compound represented by the formula (III) was confirmed by the same method as in Test Example 7.
- Table 17 shows the amounts of the compounds represented by the formula (III) in the time-preserved products of the samples of Examples 10 to 14 together with Examples 9 and 4.
- the content of the compound represented by the formula (III) was increased or decreased depending on the type of the additive as compared with the sample of Example 9 to which the additive was not added.
- Triethyl citrate, migliol and macrogol 6000 suppressed the increase in the amount of the compound represented by the formula (III) in the time-preserved product as compared with Example 9 in which no additive was added. It was suggested that triethyl citrate, migliol and macrogol 6000 may be useful as stabilizers.
- Hydroxypropyl cellulose SL (Nippon Soda) and triethyl citrate (MERCK) or CREMER OLEO were dissolved in purified water, and the granulated solution was added to the mixture in a mortar and kneaded with a pestle. Further, purified water was added little by little and kneaded to obtain granulated products. The water content during granulation was adjusted to about 20%.
- the granulated product was sieved through a 20-mesh wire mesh and dried in an aeration type dryer (TH-80, Satake Chemical Machinery) at an aeration temperature of 60 ° C. After drying, it was further sieved with a 20-mesh wire mesh to prepare grains.
- the sizing product and magnesium stearate vegetable (MALLINCKRODT) were mixed in a bottle, and tablets were produced by a static compressor (ABM100S type, manufactured by JT Toshi).
- Test Example 10 Stability test of tablets For the samples of Examples 15 to 25, 60 ° C glass bottle seal (referred to as 60 ° C seal in Table 20) and 40 ° C glass bottle seal (referred to as 40 ° C seal in Table 20). And 40 ° C./75% RH glass bottle opening (in Table 20, it is referred to as 40 ° C./75% RH opening), a storage stability test was performed, and the content of the compound represented by the formula (III) was evaluated. bottom.
- the sample solution was prepared and the calculation formula was carried out by the following method, and the standard solution was prepared and the total amount of related substances was measured by the same method as in Test Example 7. (Preparation of sample solution) The sample solution was prepared by the following method.
- Step 1 One 10 mg tablet was added to a 10 mL volumetric flask.
- Step 2 To Step 1, 2 mL of water was added and ultrasonically irradiated for 10 minutes to completely disintegrate. The ultrasonic irradiation time was extended as needed.
- Step 3 5 mL of acetonitrile was added to Step 2 and ultrasonically irradiated for 30 minutes.
- Step 4 After cooling, acetonitrile was added to make exactly 10 mL, and a part of the solution was centrifuged at 13000 rpm for 10 minutes, and the supernatant was used as a sample solution.
- Tables 20 and 21 show the results of measuring the amount of the compound represented by the formula (III) in the time-preserved products of the samples of Examples 15 to 25.
- Example 15 not containing triethyl citrate and migliol showed an increase in the compound represented by the formula (III) over time, whereas the tablets containing triethyl citrate and migliol were all shown by the formula (III). It suppressed the increase of the compound.
- FIG. 7 shows the elution profiles of the samples of Examples 15, 18 and 19 at the start of the stability test.
- the elution profiles of Examples 18 and 19 containing triethyl citrate were the same as those of Example 15 not containing triethyl citrate, and no decrease in elution due to the addition of triethyl citrate was confirmed.
- the sample of Example 18 was sealed in a 60 ° C glass bottle for 2 weeks (60 ° C / sealed / 2 weeks in FIG. 8) and 1 month in a 40 ° C glass bottle sealed (40 ° C / sealed / 1 in FIG. 8).
- the dissolution test was carried out after storage at 40 ° C./75% RH / opening of the glass bottle for 1 month (in FIG. 8, it is referred to as 40 ° C. 75% RH / opening / 1 month).
- This elution profile is shown in FIG. 8, and all the stored products had the same changes as the elution profile at the start of the stability test.
- Test Example 12 Evaluation of Tablet Hardness The tablet hardness was evaluated for the samples of Examples 15 to 20, 21 and 22. (Tablet hardness) Measurement was performed using a tablet hardness tester (TBH200 type, ERWEKA), and the average value of 2 to 10 tablets was calculated.
- Examples 26, 27-1 to 27-5) Production of 50 mg Tablet A tablet containing 50 mg of the sample of Reference Example 4 and triethyl citrate is produced on a mortar scale and represented by the formula (III) in the time-preserved product. The amount of compound, dissolution test and tablet physical characteristics were evaluated. (Manufacturing method of uncoated lock) Tablets were produced by the same method as when producing 10 mg tablets with the prescription per tablet shown in Table 22.
- Test Example 13 Stability Test For the samples of Examples 26, 27-1 to 27-5, 60 ° C glass bottle sealing (referred to as 60 ° C sealing in Table 23) and 40 ° C glass bottle sealing (40 ° C in Table 23). A storage stability test was conducted under the conditions of (referred to as closed plug) and 40 ° C / 75% RH glass bottle opening (referred to as 40 ° C / 75% RH opening in Table 23), and the compound represented by the formula (III) was subjected to a storage stability test. The content was evaluated.
- the sample solution was prepared by the following method, and the preparation of the standard solution, the method for measuring the total amount of related substances and the calculation formula were confirmed by the same method as in Test Example 10.
- Step 1 One 50 mg tablet was added to a 50 mL volumetric flask.
- Step 2 To Step 1, 10 mL of water was added and shaken vigorously for 10 minutes to completely disintegrate the tablets. The shaking time was extended as needed.
- Step 3 25 mL of acetonitrile was added to Step 2 and shaken vigorously for 30 minutes.
- Step 4 After cooling, acetonitrile was added to make exactly 50 mL, and a part of the solution was centrifuged at 13000 rpm for 10 minutes, and the supernatant was used as a sample solution.
- the compound represented by the formula (I), etc. prepared with anhydrous lactose 24AN (DFE Pharma) and low-substituted hydroxypropyl cellulose LH21 (Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.), sieved with a 20-mesh wire mesh, and high-speed mixer (type 10). Fukae Kogyo) mixed to obtain a mixture. Hydroxypropyl cellulose SSL (Nippon Soda) and triethyl citrate (MERCK) were dissolved in purified water, and the mixture was wet-granulated with a high-speed mixer (type 10, Fukae Kogyo).
- the granulated product is sized with a power mill (Showa Kagaku Kikai Kosakusho, P-3S type) and dried with a fluidized bed granulator (Type 2) (WSG2 type & 5 type, Freund) at an aeration temperature of 60 ° C. rice field. After drying, the particles were sized by a power mill (P-3 type, Showa Kagaku Kikai Kosakusho).
- the sized granules and magnesium stearate vegetable (MALLINCKRODT) are mixed in a bag or bottle, or mixed with a lubricant in a mixer (8LV type), and then statically compressed (ABM100S type, manufactured by JT Toshi).
- tableting was performed with a tableting machine (LIBRA836BK-AWCZ type, Kikusui Seisakusho). As shown in Table 25, the granulated water content at the time of granulation was changed to 17, 20, 22 and 25% (w / w), and the granulated product was sampled with each granulated water content to obtain the obtained granules.
- the uncoated tablets (Examples 28-1, 29-1, 30-1, 31-1, 32-1, 33-1, 34-1 and 35-1) were produced by static compression.
- the uncoated lock is coated with OPADRY ORANGE 03A430007 (Japan Colorcon LLC) and triethyl citrate (MERCK), and coated tablets (Examples 28-2, 29-2, 30-2, 31-2, 32-2, 33). -2, 34-2 and 35-2) were manufactured.
- the amount of coating film per tablet was 4% (w / w) (6.0 mg / tablet) with respect to the mass of the uncoated tablet.
- Each condition is as follows. (Mixed conditions) ⁇ Mixer: 10-inch high-speed mixer ⁇ Agitator rotation speed: 250 ⁇ 20min- 1 ⁇ Mixing time: 0.5 to 1 minute (granulation conditions) ⁇ Granulator: 10-inch high-speed mixer ⁇ Agitator rotation speed: 250 ⁇ 20min- 1 ⁇ Chopper rotation speed: 2500 ⁇ 100min- 1 ⁇ Granulation moisture: 17-25% ⁇ Liquid injection acceleration: 83-94 g / min ⁇ Stirring time after liquid injection: 0.5 to 2 minutes ⁇ Mashing time: 1 to 2 minutes ⁇ 5 seconds
- Test Example 15 Tablet Stability Test Tablets are packaged in glass bottles, DUMA bottles (plastic containers, GERRESHEIMER) and DUMA bottles containing silica gel, and storage stability tests are performed at 60 ° C and 40 ° C / 75% RH. rice field. The content of the compound represented by the formula (III) was confirmed by the same method as in Test Example 10 or Test Example 13.
- the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention contains DUMA containing 40 ⁇ 2 ° C. and 75 ⁇ 5% relative humidity (glass bottle sealing, glass bottle opening, DUMA bottle, and silica gel).
- Bottle In the stability test under the conditions of 1 month and 2 months, the content ratio of the compound represented by the formula (III) to the amount of the compound represented by the formula (I) is 0.0001 to 10 ppm. It was confirmed that.
- the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention is also subjected to a stability test under the condition of 40 ⁇ 2 ° C. and a relative humidity of 75 ⁇ 5% (glass bottle sealing, glass bottle opening, DUMA bottle, and DUMA bottle containing silica gel) for 6 months. , The content ratio of the compound represented by the formula (III) to the amount of the compound represented by the formula (I) is considered to be 0.0001 to 30 ppm.
- Test Example 16 Dissolution test (effect of granulated water content) Examples 28-1, 29-1, 30-1 and 31-1 (10 mg tablets) and Example 32-1 with different granulated water content. For the samples of 33-1, 34-1 and 35-1 (50 mg tablets), the dissolution test was carried out by the same method as the dissolution test method of the pharmaceutical product of Test Example 11.
- Test Example 17 Dissolution test (effect of coating) Examples 29-1, 29-2, 33-1 and 33-2 having a granulation moisture content of 20% (w / w), and Examples 31-1 having a granulation moisture content of 25% (w / w).
- the dissolution test was carried out by the same method as the dissolution test method for the pharmaceutical product of Test Example 11.
- the formation of the compound represented by the formula (III) in the temporal stability test is suppressed, and the stability thereof is improved. ..
- the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention having excellent stability can be supplied.
- the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention prepared by wet kneading and / or wet granulating the compound represented by the formula (I) produces the compound represented by the formula (III) in the stability test over time. It can be suppressed and the stability is improved. In those respects, the invention has industrial applicability.
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Abstract
Description
で示される化合物、その製薬上許容される塩又はこれらの溶媒和物(以下、式(I)で示される化合物等という)の結晶の製造方法に関する。さらに詳しくは、式(I)で示される化合物等を湿式粉砕することを特徴とする、式(I)で示される化合物等の結晶の製造方法に関する。
また、式(I)で示される化合物等を含有する医薬組成物の製造方法に関する。さらに詳しくは、式(I)で示される化合物等を湿式粉砕する工程、又は式(I)で示される化合物等を湿式練合及び/又は湿式造粒する工程を含む、式(I)で示される化合物等を含有する医薬組成物の製造方法に関する。また、本発明は、式(I)で示される化合物等を含有する医薬組成物に関する。
特許文献10及び11には、ジェットミルで微粉砕すると、部分的な非晶質化及び/又は格子構造の大きな破壊もしくは摂動により、表面積の膨大化及び表面の熱力学的活性化が生じることが従来技術として記載されている。特許文献10には、11β‐ベンズアルドキシム‐エストラ‐4,9‐ジエン誘導体を含有する過飽和溶液を結晶化させながら湿式粉砕機を用いて湿式粉砕にかけるステップを含む製造方法が記載されている。特許文献11には、ステロイドを含有する過飽和溶液を用いた例が記載されている。これらの製造方法により、従来技術の不利な点を有さず、かつ低用量製剤の要件を満たす結晶を製造することができることが記載されている。
また、過飽和溶液を湿式粉砕することによって、所定粒径範囲内の粒度を有する結晶を製造する方法については、例えば、特許文献12にCox-II阻害剤、BK1拮抗剤、ビスホスホネート、DP-IV阻害剤及び脂質低下化合物の結晶を製造する方法が記載されている。
すなわち、式(I)で示される化合物等を湿式粉砕することにより、式(III)で示される化合物を含有しないか、式(III)で示される化合物を含有し、式(I)で示される化合物等の量に対する、式(III)で示される化合物の含有割合が、0.0001~30ppm、好ましくは0.0001~10ppmである、式(I)で示される化合物等の結晶を製造することができることを見出した。
さらにこれらの結晶が、経時安定性試験を行った場合においても、式(III)で示される化合物を含有しないか、式(III)で示される化合物を含有し、式(I)で示される化合物等の量に対する、式(III)で示される化合物の含有割合が、0.0001~30ppm、好ましくは0.0001~10ppmである、ことを見出した。
さらに、本発明者らは、式(I)で示される化合物の二水和物結晶においては、式(III)で示される化合物を含有しないか、検出限界以下であることも見出した。
さらに、本発明者らは、湿式練合及び/又は湿式造粒する工程において、多価アルコールエステルを用いることによって、式(I)で示される化合物等を含有する医薬組成物をさらに安定化できることも見出した。
(1)式(I)で示される化合物等を湿式粉砕する工程、及び/又は
式(I)で示される化合物等を湿式練合及び/又は湿式造粒する工程を含む、式(I)で示される化合物等を含有する医薬組成物の製造方法。
(2)式(I)で示される化合物等を湿式練合及び/又は湿式造粒する工程を含む、上記(1)記載の医薬組成物の製造方法。
(3)式(III)で示される化合物を含有しないか、式(III)で示される化合物を含有し、式(I)で示される化合物等の量に対する、式(III)で示される化合物の含有割合が、0.0001~10ppmである、上記(2)記載の医薬組成物の製造方法。
なお、湿式練合及び/又は湿式造粒する工程において、ヒドロキシカルボン酸エステル類、多価アルコールエステル及び/又はポリエーテルを用いることを特徴とする、上記(2)又は(3)記載の医薬組成物の製造方法、
クエン酸トリエチル、ミグリオール、トリアセチン、マクロゴール6000、ポリソルベート20、ポリソルベート60、ポリソルベート80、ゴマ油、トウモロコシ油、オリーブ油及びダイズ油からなる群から選択される1以上を用いることを特徴とする、上記(2)又は(3)記載の医薬組成物の製造方法、
クエン酸トリエチル、ミグリオール及びトリアセチンからなる群から選択される1以上を用いることを特徴とする、上記(2)又は(3)記載の医薬組成物の製造方法、
クエン酸トリエチルを用いることを特徴とする、上記(2)又は(3)記載の医薬組成物の製造方法、
湿式練合及び/又は湿式造粒する工程において、乳糖、ヒドロキシプロピルセルロース及び低置換度ヒドロキシプロピルセルロースからなる群から選択される1以上を用いることを特徴とする、上記(2)又は(3)記載の医薬組成物の製造方法も、本発明に含まれる。
(4)40±2℃相対湿度75±5%(ガラス瓶開栓)1ヵ月の条件下で安定性試験した場合に、式(III)で示される化合物が検出されないか、式(I)で示される化合物等の量に対する、式(III)で示される化合物の含有割合が、0.0001~10ppmである、上記(3)記載の製造方法。
(5)湿式練合及び/又は湿式造粒に用いる式(I)で示される化合物、その製薬上許容される塩又は該当溶媒和物が、乾式粉砕することにより得られたものである、上記(2)~(4)のいずれかに記載の医薬組成物の製造方法。
(6)式(I)で示される化合物等を湿式粉砕する工程を含む、上記(1)記載の医薬組成物の製造方法。
なお、湿式練合及び/又は湿式造粒した式(I)で示される化合物等を含有する医薬組成物も、本発明に含まれる。
(8)式(III)で示される化合物を含有しないか、式(III)で示される化合物を含有し、式(I)で示される化合物等の量に対する、式(III)で示される化合物の含有割合が、0.0001~10ppmである、上記(7)記載の医薬組成物。
(9)40±2℃相対湿度75±5%(ガラス瓶開栓)1ヵ月の条件下で安定性試験した場合に、式(III)で示される化合物が検出されないか、式(I)で示される化合物等の量に対する、式(III)で示される化合物の含有割合が、0.0001~10ppmである、上記(8)記載の医薬組成物。
(11)クエン酸トリエチル、ミグリオール、トリアセチン、マクロゴール6000、ポリソルベート20、ポリソルベート60、ポリソルベート80、ゴマ油、トウモロコシ油、オリーブ油及びダイズ油からなる群から選択される1以上を素錠中又は素顆粒中に含有する、上記(10)記載の医薬組成物。
(12)クエン酸トリエチル、ミグリオール及びトリアセチンからなる群から選択される1以上を素錠中又は素顆粒中に含有する、上記(11)記載の医薬組成物。
(13)クエン酸トリエチルを素錠中又は素顆粒中に含有する、上記(12)記載の医薬組成物。
(14)ヒドロキシカルボン酸エステル類、多価アルコールエステル及び/又はポリエーテルの量が、錠剤又は顆粒剤全量に対し、0.01~10重量%である、上記(10)~(13)のいずれかに記載の医薬組成物。
(15)ヒドロキシカルボン酸エステル類、多価アルコールエステル及び/又はポリエーテルの量が、式(I)で示される化合物等1重量部に対し、0.0001~0.5重量部である、上記(10)~(13)のいずれかに記載の医薬組成物。
なお、式(III)で示される化合物を含有しないか、式(III)で示される化合物を含有し、式(I)で示される化合物、これらの製薬上許容される塩又はこれらの溶媒和物の量に対する、式(III)で示される化合物の含有割合が、0.0001~10ppmである、上記(10)~(15)のいずれかに記載の医薬組成物、
40±2℃相対湿度75±5%(ガラス瓶開栓)1か月の条件下で安定性試験した場合に、式(III)で示される化合物が検出されないか、式(I)で示される化合物、これらの製薬上許容される塩又はこれらの溶媒和物の量に対する、式(III)で示される化合物の含有割合が、0.0001~10ppmである、上記(10)~(15)のいずれかに記載の医薬組成物、
式(I)で示される化合物等を10~450mg含有する、上記(10)~(15)のいずれかに記載の医薬組成物、
賦形剤、結合剤及び崩壊剤からなる群から選択される、1又はそれ以上の添加剤を含有する、上記(10)~(15)のいずれかに記載の医薬組成物も、本発明に含まれる。
(16)乳糖、低置換度ヒドロキシプロピルセルロース及びヒドロキシプロピルセルロースからなる群から選択される1又はそれ以上を含有する、上記(10)~(15)のいずれかに記載の医薬組成物。
なお、素錠である、上記(10)~(16)のいずれかに記載の医薬組成物、
コーティング錠である、上記(10)~(16)のいずれかに記載の医薬組成物も、本発明に含まれる。
(18)得られた結晶が、式(III)で示される化合物を含有しないか、式(III)で示される化合物を含有し、式(I)で示される化合物等の量に対する、式(III)で示される化合物の含有割合が、0.0001~10ppmである、上記(17)記載の製造方法。
(19)得られた結晶が、40±2℃相対湿度75±5%(ガラス瓶開栓)1ヵ月の条件下で安定性試験した場合に、式(III)で示される化合物が検出されないか、式(I)で示される化合物等の量に対する、式(III)で示される化合物の含有割合が、0.0001~10ppmである、上記(18)記載の製造方法。
(20)得られた結晶の90%粒子径が100μm以下である、上記(17)~(19)のいずれかに記載の製造方法。
(21)得られた結晶が式(I)で示される化合物の無水和物結晶である、上記(17)~(20)のいずれかに記載の製造方法。
なお、得られた結晶が式(I)で示される化合物の二水和物結晶である、上記(17)~(20)のいずれかに記載の製造方法、
式(I)で示される化合物等の結晶を湿式粉砕することを特徴とする、上記(17)~(20)のいずれかに記載の製造方法、
式(I)で示される化合物の無水和物結晶を湿式粉砕することを特徴とする、上記(17)~(20)のいずれかに記載の製造方法、
式(I)で示される化合物の二水和物結晶を湿式粉砕することを特徴とする、上記(17)~(20)のいずれかに記載の製造方法も、本発明に含まれる。
(22)式(I)で示される化合物の無水和物結晶及び/又は非晶質を湿式粉砕することを特徴とする、上記(17)~(21)のいずれかに記載の製造方法。
(23)過飽和溶液を湿式粉砕することを特徴とする、上記(17)~(21)のいずれかに記載の製造方法。
なお、過飽和溶液から式(I)で示される化合物の無水和物結晶を製造する工程及び前記工程で得られる結晶の90%粒子径を100μm以下にする工程を含む、上記(23)記載の製造方法も、本発明に含まれる。
(24)過飽和溶液から結晶の核を形成する工程、前記工程で得られた核を結晶成長させる工程、
核形成及び結晶成長を制御する工程並びに結晶を微細化する工程を含む、上記(23)記載の製造方法。
(25)過飽和溶液から式(I)で示される化合物の二水和物結晶を製造する工程、前記工程で得られる結晶から式(I)で示される化合物の無水和物結晶を製造する工程及び前記工程で得られる結晶の90%粒子径を100μm以下にする工程を含む、上記(24)記載の製造方法。
(26)過飽和溶液から式(I)で示される化合物の二水和物結晶を製造する工程を25±5℃で行う、上記(25)記載の製造方法。
(27)式(I)で示される化合物の二水和物結晶から式(I)で示される化合物の無水和物結晶を製造する工程が、加熱及び冷却する工程を含む、上記(25)又は(26)記載の製造方法。
(28)湿式粉砕工程の溶媒が、水、メタノール及び2ープロパノールからなる群から選択される1以上の溶媒を含む、上記(17)~(27)のいずれかに記載の製造方法。
なお、湿式粉砕工程の溶媒が、水、有機溶媒又はこれらの混合溶媒を含む、上記(17)~(27)のいずれかに記載の製造方法、
湿式粉砕工程が、ローター・ステーター、圧力式ホモジナイザー、ボールミル、媒体ミル及び超音波破砕からなる群から選択される1以上によって行われる、上記(17)~(28)のいずれかに記載の製造方法、
湿式粉砕工程が、バッチ式、半連続式及び連続式からなる群から選択される1以上である、上記(17)~(28)のいずれかに記載の製造方法、
湿式粉砕工程が、再循環ループを用いる工程である、上記(17)~(28)のいずれかに記載の製造方法、
湿式粉砕工程がワンポットで行われる、上記(17)~(28)のいずれかに記載の製造方法も、本発明に含まれる。
なお、上記(21)記載の方法により得られた式(I)で示される化合物の無水和物結晶、
湿式粉砕した式(I)で示される化合物の結晶、
湿式粉砕した式(I)で示される化合物の無水和物結晶も、本発明に含まれる。
(30)式(III)で示される化合物を含有しないか、式(III)で示される化合物を含有し、式(I)で示される化合物等の量に対する、式(III)で示される化合物の含有割合が、0.0001~10ppmである、上記(29)記載の結晶。
(31)40±2℃相対湿度75±5%(ガラス瓶開栓)1ヵ月の条件下で安定性試験した場合に、式(III)で示される化合物が検出されないか、式(I)で示される化合物等の量に対する、式(III)で示される化合物の含有割合が、0.0001~10ppmである、上記(30)記載の結晶。
なお、90%粒子径が100μm以下である、上記(29)~(31)のいずれかに記載の結晶も、本発明に含まれる。
(32)式(I)で示される化合物の無水和物結晶である、上記(29)~(31)のいずれかに記載の結晶。
(33)回折角度(2θ):15.8±0.2°、19.4±0.2°、21.7±0.2°、23.9±0.2°及び25.4±0.2°、又は回折角度(2θ):7.9±0.2°、9.3±0.2°、12.9±0.2°、15.8±0.2°及び19.4±0.2°に特徴的な粉末X線回析ピークを示す、上記(32)記載の結晶。
なお、回折角度(2θ):15.8±0.2°、19.4±0.2°、21.7±0.2°、23.9±0.2°及び25.4±0.2°に特徴的な粉末X線回析ピークを示す、上記(32)記載の結晶、
回折角度(2θ):7.9±0.2°、9.3±0.2°、12.9±0.2°、15.8±0.2°及び19.4±0.2°に特徴的な粉末X線回析ピークを示す、上記(32)記載の結晶、
回折角度(2θ):12.6±0.2°、12.9±0.2°、15.8±0.2°、19.4±0.2°、21.7±0.2°、23.9±0.2°、25.4±0.2°、26.6±0.2°、27.8±0.2°及び32.8±0.2°、又は回折角度(2θ):7.9±0.2°、9.3±0.2°、12.9±0.2°、15.8±0.2°、17.2±0.2°、19.4±0.2°、21.7±0.2°、23.9±0.2°、25.4±0.2°及び27.8±0.2°に特徴的な粉末X線回析ピークを示す、上記(32)記載の結晶、
回折角度(2θ):12.6±0.2°、12.9±0.2°、15.8±0.2°、19.4±0.2°、21.7±0.2°、23.9±0.2°、25.4±0.2°、26.6±0.2°、27.8±0.2°及び32.8±0.2°に特徴的な粉末X線回析ピークを示す、上記(32)記載の結晶、
回折角度(2θ):7.9±0.2°、9.3±0.2°、12.9±0.2°、15.8±0.2°、17.2±0.2°、19.4±0.2°、21.7±0.2°、23.9±0.2°、25.4±0.2°及び27.8±0.2°に特徴的な粉末X線回析ピークを示す、上記(32)記載の結晶、
図1に実質的に一致する粉末X線回折パターンにより特徴付けられる、上記(32)記載の結晶、
図2に実質的に一致するラマンスペクトルにより特徴付けられる、上記(32)記載の結晶、
ラマンスペクトルにおいて、829cm-1±2cm-1、989cm-1±2cm-1、1013cm-1±2cm-1、1128cm-1±2cm-1および1370cm-1±2cm-1に吸収ピークを有する、上記(32)記載の結晶も、本発明に含まれる。
b)上記工程で得られたクロマトグラフィー分析において、式(III)で示される化合物の含有量又は含有割合を得る工程、
を含む、試料中の類縁物質を分析する方法。
(35)式(I)で示される化合物等の結晶、又は式(I)で示される化合物等を含有する医薬組成物中の式(III)で示される化合物の含有量又は含有割合を分析する方法であって、式(III)で示される化合物を標準試料として使用する方法。
なお、式(I)で示される化合物の二水和物結晶、
回折角度(2θ):5.7±0.2°、7.7±0.2°、11.8±0.2°、15.2±0.2°及び17.7±0.2°に特徴的な粉末X線回析ピークを示す、式(I)で示される化合物の二水和物結晶、
回折角度(2θ):5.7±0.2°、7.7±0.2°、11.8±0.2°、15.2±0.2°、17.7±0.2°、20.6±0.2°、20.8±0.2°、26.5±0.2°、27.1±0.2°及び29.1±0.2°に特徴的な粉末X線回析ピークを示す、式(I)で示される化合物の二水和物結晶、
図3に実質的に一致する粉末X線回折パターンにより特徴付けられる、式(I)で示される化合物の二水和物結晶も、本発明に含まれる。
「からなる」という用語は、構成要件のみを有することを意味する。「含む」又は「含有する」という用語は、構成要件に限定されず、記載されていない要素を排除しないことを意味する。
また、本明細書の全体にわたり、単数形の表現は、特に言及しない限り、その複数形の概念をも含むことが理解されるべきである。従って、単数形の冠詞(例えば、英語の場合は「a」、「an」、「the」など)は、特に言及しない限り、その複数形の概念をも含むことが理解されるべきである。
また、本明細書において使用される用語は、特に言及しない限り、当上記分野で通常用いられる意味で用いられることが理解されるべきである。したがって、他に定義されない限り、本明細書中で使用される全ての専門用語及び科学技術用語は、本発明の属する分野の当業者によって一般的に理解されるのと同じ意味を有する。矛盾する場合、本明細書(定義を含めて)が優先する。
式(I)で示される化合物は、P2X3及び/又はP2X2/3受容体拮抗作用を有する化合物として、特許文献1及び9に記載されている。
式(I)で示される化合物の互変異性体は、式(II):
で示される化合物であり、式(I)で示される化合物と同様に、P2X3及び/又はP2X2/3受容体拮抗作用を有する。
式(I)で示される化合物は、式(I)で示される化合物と式(II)で示される化合物の混合物も包含し、任意の割合で混合されていてもよい。
溶媒分子としては、例えば、アセトニトリル、クロロベンゼン、クロロホルム、シクロヘキサン、1,2-ジクロロエテン、ジクロロメタン、1,2-ジメトキシエタン、N,N-ジメチルアセトアミド、N,N-ジメチルホルムアミド、1,4-ジオキサン、2-エトキシエタノール、エチレングリコール、ホルムアミド、ヘキサン、メタノール、2-メトキシエタノール、メチルブチルケトン、メチルシクロヘキサン、N-メチルピロリドン、ニトロメタン、ピリジン、スルホラン、テトラリン、トルエン、1,1,2-トリクロロエテン、キシレン、酢酸、アニソール、1-ブタノール、2-ブタノール、t-ブタノール、酢酸n-ブチル、t-ブチルメチルエーテル、クメン、ジメチルスルホキシド、酢酸エチル、ジエチルエーテル、ギ酸エチル、ギ酸、ヘプタン、酢酸イソブチル、酢酸イソプロピル、酢酸メチル、3-メチル-1-ブタノール、メチルエチルケトン、メチルイソブチルケトン、2-メチル-1-プロパノール、ペンタン、1-ペンタノール、1-プロパノール、2-プロパノール、酢酸プロピル、テトラヒドロフラン、水(すなわち水和物)、エタノール、アセトン、1,1-ジエトキシプロパン、1,1-ジメトキシメタン、2,2-ジメトキシプロパン、イソオクタン、イソプロピルエーテル、メチルイソプロピルケトン、メチルテトラヒドロフラン、石油エーテル、トリクロロ酢酸及びトリフルオロ酢酸が挙げられる。
好ましくは、酢酸、アニソール、1-ブタノール、2-ブタノール、酢酸n-ブチル、t-ブチルメチルエーテル、クメン、ジメチルスルホキシド、酢酸エチル、ジエチルエーテル、ギ酸エチル、ギ酸、ヘプタン、酢酸イソブチル、酢酸イソプロピル、酢酸メチル、3-メチル-1-ブタノール、メチルエチルケトン、メチルイソブチルケトン、2-メチル-1-プロパノール、ペンタン、1-ペンタノール、1-プロパノール、2-プロパノール、酢酸プロピル、テトラヒドロフラン、水(すなわち水和物)、エタノール、アセトン、1,1-ジエトキシプロパン、1,1-ジメトキシメタン、2,2-ジメトキシプロパン、イソオクタン、イソプロピルエーテル、メチルイソプロピルケトン、メチルテトラヒドロフラン、石油エーテル、トリクロロ酢酸及びトリフルオロ酢酸が挙げられる。
より好ましくは、水(すなわち水和物)、エタノール、アセトン、1,1-ジエトキシプロパン、1,1-ジメトキシメタン、2,2-ジメトキシプロパン、イソオクタン、イソプロピルエーテル、メチルイソプロピルケトン、メチルテトラヒドロフラン、石油エーテル、トリクロロ酢酸及びトリフルオロ酢酸などが挙げられる。
製薬上許容される塩や製薬上許容される溶媒和物は、式(I)で示される化合物から製造することができる。
湿式粉砕においては、水、有機溶媒又はこれらの混合溶媒を用いることができる。湿式粉砕する際に用いる水は、特に限定されることはないが、医薬品等の製造に通常用いられる精製水を用いるのがよい。有機溶媒としては、アルコール、アセトニトリル、クロロベンゼン、クロロホルム、シクロヘキサン、1,2-ジクロロエテン、ジクロロメタン、1,2-ジメトキシエタン、N,N-ジメチルアセトアミド、N,N-ジメチルホルムアミド、1,4-ジオキサン、ホルムアミド、ヘキサン、メチルブチルケトン、メチルシクロヘキサン、N-メチルピロリドン、ニトロメタン、ピリジン、スルホラン、テトラリン、トルエン、1,1,2-トリクロロエテン、キシレン、酢酸、アニソール、酢酸n-ブチル、t-ブチルメチルエーテル、クメン、ジメチルスルホキシド、酢酸エチル、ジエチルエーテル、ギ酸エチル、ギ酸、ヘプタン、酢酸イソブチル、酢酸イソプロピル、酢酸メチル、メチルエチルケトン、メチルイソブチルケトン、ペンタン、酢酸プロピル、テトラヒドロフラン、アセトン、1,1-ジエトキシプロパン、1,1-ジメトキシメタン、2,2-ジメトキシプロパン、イソオクタン、イソプロピルエーテル、メチルイソプロピルケトン、メチルテトラヒドロフラン、石油エーテル、トリクロロ酢酸、トリフルオロ酢酸、3-メチル-1-ブタノール、2-メチル-1-プロパノール等を用いることができる。
アルコールとしては、メタノール、2ープロパノール、エタノール、t-ブタノール、2-エトキシエタノール、エチレングリコール、メタノール、2-メトキシエタノール、1-ブタノール、2-ブタノール、1-ペンタノール、1-プロパノール、3-メチル-1-ブタノール、2-メチル-1-プロパノール等を用いることができる。好ましくは、メタノール及び/又は2ープロパノールである。
混合溶媒としては、水とアルコールの混合溶媒が望ましい。水とアルコールの混合割合は、水:アルコール=0.01~99.9:99.9~0.01、好ましくは15~60:85~40、より好ましくは、20~50:80~50である。
式(I)で示される化合物等の結晶を湿式粉砕することには、たとえば、式(I)で示される化合物の無水和物結晶を湿式粉砕することや、式(I)で示される化合物の二水和物結晶を湿式粉砕することが含まれる。
式(I)で示される化合物の結晶を湿式粉砕することには、結晶を微細化する工程、好ましくは、90%粒子径が100μm以下となるように制御する工程が含まれる。
結晶を微細化する工程においては、圧力式ホモジナイザーを用いて、圧力を10メガパスカル~100メガパスカル(好ましくは、60メガパスカル~90メガパスカル、特に好ましくは、70メガパスカル)として、温度0℃~60℃(好ましくは10℃~55℃、特に好ましくは25±5℃)で、2パス~80パス(好ましくは3パス~10パス、特に好ましくは5パス~7パス)で、2時間~80時間(好ましくは3時間~10時間、特に好ましくは5時間~7時間)処理することが含まれる。
なお、パスとは理論処理回数を示す単位であり、理論処理回数は以下の計算式より求められる。
(計算式)
(数1)
1パスに必要な処理時間(h)=スラリー液量(L)÷湿式粉砕機の処理速度(L/h)
(数2)
理論処理回数(パス)=処理時間(h)÷1パスに必要な処理時間(h)
さらに、「結晶」には、組成が同一でありながら結晶中の配列が異なる「結晶多形」が存在することがあり、これらを含めて「結晶形態」という。
本明細書中で用いる結晶は、これら、塩、水和物、溶媒和物、結晶多形のいずれであってもよく、二つ以上の混合物であっても、発明の範囲内に包含されることが意図される。
結晶形態及び結晶化度は、例えば、粉末X線回折測定、ラマン分光法、赤外吸収スペクトル測定法、水分吸脱着測定、示差走査熱量測定、溶解特性を含めた多くの技術によって測定することができる。
粉末X線回折(XRPD)は、固体の結晶形態及び結晶性を測定するための最も感度の良い分析法の1つである。X線が結晶に照射されると、結晶格子面で反射し、互いに干渉しあい、構造の周期に対応した秩序だった回折線を示す。一方、非晶質固体については、通常、その構造の中に秩序だった繰返し周期をもたないため、回折現象は起こらず、特徴のないブロードなXRPDパターン(ハローパターンとも呼ばれる)を示す。
本明細書中で用いる特徴的な回折ピークは、観測された回折パターンから選択されるピークである。特徴的な回折ピークは、好ましくは回折パターンにおける約10本、より好ましくは約5本から選択される。
複数の結晶を区別する上では、ピークの強度よりも、当該結晶で確認され、他の結晶では確認されないピークが、その結晶を特定する上で好ましい特徴的なピークとなる。そういった特徴的なピークであれば、一つまたは二つのピークでも、当該結晶を特徴付けることができる。測定して得られたチャートを比較し、これらの特徴的なピークが一致すれば、粉末X線回折スペクトルが実質的に一致するといえる。
結晶を特定する方法の一つで、当該結晶における結晶学的パラメーター、さらに、原子座標(各原子の空間的な位置関係を示す値)及び3次元構造モデルを得ることができる。桜井敏雄著「X線構造解析の手引き」裳華房発行(1983年)、Stout & Jensen著 X―Ray Structure Determination: A Practical Guide, Macmillan Co., New York(1968)などを参照。本発明のような互変異性を有する化合物の結晶の構造を同定する際には、単結晶構造解析が有用である。
ラマンスペクトルは分子または複合体系の振動の特徴を示す。その起源は分子と光線を含む光の粒子である光子との間の非弾性的な衝突にある。分子と光子の衝突はエネルギーの交換をもたらし、その結果エネルギーが変化し、これにより光子の波長が変化する。即ち、ラマンスペクトルは、対象分子に光子が入射されたときに発せられる、極めて波長の狭いスペクトル線であるため、光源としてはレーザー等が用いられる。各ラマン線の波長は入射光からの波数シフトにより表示され、これはラマン線と入射光の波長の逆数の間の差である。ラマンスペクトルは分子の振動状態を測定するものであり、これはその分子構造により決定される。
一般に、ラマンスペクトルにおける吸収帯(cm-1)は±2cm-1の範囲内で誤差が生じ得るから、上記の吸収ピークの値は±2cm-1程度の範囲内の数値も含むものとして理解される必要がある。したがって、ラマンスペクトルにおける吸収帯のピークが完全に一致する結晶だけでなく、吸収帯のピークが±2cm-1程度の誤差で一致する結晶も本発明に含まれる。
TG/DTAは、熱分析の主要な測定方法のひとつで、原子・分子の集合体としての物質の重量及び熱的性質を測定する方法である。
TG/DTAは医薬活性成分の温度又は時間に係る重量及び熱量の変化を測定する方法であり、得られたデータを温度又は時間に対してプロットすることにより、TG(熱重量)及びDTA(示差熱)曲線が得られる。TG/DTA曲線より、医薬活性成分の分解、脱水、酸化、還元、昇華、蒸発に関する重量及び熱量変化の情報を得ることができる。
TG/DTAについて、観察される温度、重量変化は、温度変化速度ならびに用いる試料調製技法及び特定の装置に依存し得ることが知られている。したがって、TG/DTAにおける「融点」とは試料の調製技法の影響を受けにくいオンセット温度のことを指す。結晶の同一性の認定においては、融点のみならず全体的なパターンが重要であり、測定条件や測定機器によって多少は変化し得る。
DSCは、熱分析の主要な測定方法の一つで、原子・分子の集合体としての物質の熱的性質を測定する方法である。
DSCにより、医薬活性成分の温度又は時間に係る熱量の変化を測定し、得られたデータを温度又は時間に対してプロットすることにより示差走査熱量曲線が得られる。示差走査熱量曲線より、医薬活性成分が融解する際のオンセット温度、融解に伴う吸熱ピーク曲線の最大値及びエンタルピーに関する情報を得ることができる。
DSCについて、観察される温度は、温度変化速度ならびに用いる試料調製技法及び特定の装置に依存し得ることが知られている。したがって、DSCにおける「融点」とは試料の調製技法の影響を受けにくいオンセット温度のことを指す。示差走査熱量曲線から得られるオンセット温度における誤差範囲はおよそ±2℃である。結晶の同一性の認定においては、融点のみならず全体的なパターンが重要であり、測定条件や測定機器によって多少は変化し得る。
水分吸脱着等温線測定は、測定対象の固体について各相対湿度条件下での重量変化を測定する事で、水分の吸着、脱着挙動を計測する測定法である。
基本的な測定法として、0%RH(相対湿度0%)での乾燥重量を基準とし、5%又は10%ごとに相対湿度を上げ、それぞれの相対湿度での重量安定化後、基準値からの重量増加から、吸着水の量を求める事が出来る。同様に、100%RH(相対湿度100%)から5%又は10%ごとに相対湿度を下げる事で、水の脱着量を測定する事が可能である。
各相対湿度での重量変化値をプロットする事で、吸脱着等温線を得る事ができる。この結果から、各湿度における付着水分の吸着、脱着現象の考察が可能である。また、無水和物結晶が湿度により水和物結晶と相互に結晶転移する場合には、結晶転移が起こる湿度、及び結晶水の量を計算する事が可能である。
付着水、及び結晶水の吸脱着は粒子径、結晶化度、晶癖等の影響を受けるため、測定結果は多少変化し得る。
過飽和溶液から結晶の核を形成する工程には、湿式粉砕機の物理刺激等により結晶の核を形成する場合、種晶を用いて結晶の核を形成する場合、温度制御することにより結晶の核を形成する場合が含まれる。
得られた核を結晶成長させる工程においては、式(I)で示される化合物の無水和物結晶及び/又は二水和物結晶を製造する場合、圧力式ホモジナイザーを用いて圧力を1メガパスカル~100メガパスカル(好ましくは、5メガパスカル~20メガパスカル、特に好ましくは10メガパスカル)として、温度0℃~60℃(好ましくは10℃~55℃、特に好ましくは25±5℃)で、5分~10時間(好ましくは15分~8時間、特に好ましくは30分~3時間)処理することが含まれる。
過飽和溶液から式(I)で示される化合物の二水和物結晶を製造する工程には、圧力式ホモジナイザーを用いて、圧力を1メガパスカル~100メガパスカル(好ましくは、5メガパスカル~20メガパスカル、特に好ましくは10メガパスカル)として、温度0℃~60℃(好ましくは10℃~55℃、特に好ましくは25±5℃)で、5分~10時間(好ましくは15分~5時間、特に好ましくは30分~1時間)処理することが含まれる。
前記工程で得られる結晶から式(I)で示される化合物の無水和物結晶を製造する工程には、加熱及び冷却する工程が含まれる。加熱する工程には、温度30℃~80℃(好ましくは40℃~65℃、特に好ましくは50℃)に加熱する工程が含まれる。冷却する工程には、温度0℃~50℃(好ましくは10℃~40℃、特に好ましくは25℃)に加熱する工程が含まれる。本工程においては、式(I)で示される化合物の無水和物結晶の種晶を用いることが望ましい。
前記工程で得られる結晶の90%粒子径を100μm以下にする工程においては、圧力式ホモジナイザーを用いて、圧力を10メガパスカル~100メガパスカル(好ましくは、60メガパスカル~90メガパスカル、特に好ましくは70メガパスカル)として、温度0℃~60℃(好ましくは10℃~55℃、特に好ましくは25℃±5℃)で、2時間~80時間(好ましくは3時間~10時間、特に好ましくは5時間~7時間)処理することが含まれる。なお、パスとは理論処理回数を示す単位であり、理論処理回数は計算式(数1)により求められる。
ローター・ステーターは、ローターを高速回転させることで生じる剪断力、推進力を生じさせ、加えてローターとステーターの剪断溝に生じる高渦流により混合、乳化、分散、破砕する湿式粉砕機である。
ボールミルは、円筒型胴内に粉砕媒体(鋼球、シルペップ、ペブルなど)を入れ、胴体を回転させながら粉砕する湿式粉砕機である。ボールミルには、ビーズミルも含まれる。
圧力式ホモジナイザーは、加圧されたサンプルを間隙より噴出させることによって生じる粒子間の衝突、圧力差による剪断力、インパクトリングへの衝突の破壊力等のエネルギーを利用して、サンプルを乳化・分散・破砕する湿式粉砕機である。
また、湿式粉砕は、バッチ式、半連続式、連続式のいずれの方法でも行うことができる。望ましくは、連続式である。当該連続式は、再循環ループにより、行うことができる。
式(III)で示される化合物を含有しないとは、式(III)で示される化合物が含まれないか、含んでいたとしても、式(III)で示される化合物の量が検出限界以下で、式(III)で示される化合物が検出できないことを意味する。
式(I)で示される化合物等を湿式粉砕し、式(I)で示される化合物等の結晶を製造することにより、式(III)で示される化合物を含有しないか、式(III)で示される化合物の含有割合を、0.0001~30ppm、好ましくは0.0001~10ppmとすることができる。
また、式(III)で示される化合物を含有しない式(I)で示される化合物等の結晶としては、式(I)で示される化合物の二水和物結晶が挙げられる。
また、本発明の結晶には、25±2℃相対湿度60±5%(ガラス瓶開栓)12ヵ月又は30±2℃相対湿度65±5%(ガラス瓶開栓)12ヵ月の条件下で安定性試験した場合に、式(I)で示される化合物等の量に対する、式(III)で示される化合物の含有割合が、0.0001~30ppmである、結晶も含まれる。
上記の温度及び相対湿度には幅があるが、上記の範囲に含まれるいずれかの温度及び相対湿度おいて、条件となる期間安定性試験した場合に、式(I)で示される化合物等の量に対する、式(III)で示される化合物の含有割合が、0.0001~30ppmである、式(I)で示される化合物等の結晶も本発明に含まれる。ガラス瓶開栓又は低密度ポリエチレン袋のいずれかの条件で、式(I)で示される化合物等の量に対する、式(III)で示される化合物の含有割合が、0.0001~30ppmであればよい。
好ましくは、式(I)で示される化合物等の量に対する、式(III)で示される化合物の含有割合が、0.0001~20ppmであり、さらに好ましくは、0.0001~10ppmである、式(I)で示される化合物等の結晶である。
式(III)で示される化合物は、式(I)で示される化合物等が分解されることにより生じると考えられる。式(I)で示される化合物等を用いて経時安定性試験を行うと、式(III)で示される化合物の量が増加する。しかし、本発明の製造方法により、式(I)で示される化合物等の結晶を製造することによって、経時安定性試験において、式(III)で示される化合物の量の増加を抑制できる。また、本発明の医薬組成物の製造方法により、式(I)で示される化合物等を含有する医薬組成物を製造することによって、経時安定性試験において、式(III)で示される化合物の量の増加を抑制できる。
縦軸に相対粒子量、横軸に粒子径をプロットしたグラフにおいて、積算%の分布曲線が90%の横軸と交差するポイントの粒子径を90%粒子径という。
本発明により得られる結晶としては、式(I)で示される化合物の無水和物結晶、式(I)で示される化合物の二水和物結晶が好ましい。特に、式(I)で示される化合物の無水和物結晶が好ましい。
すなわち、本発明の結晶としては、湿式粉砕した式(I)で示される化合物等の結晶が好ましい。特に、湿式粉砕した式(I)で示される化合物の無水和物結晶が好ましい。
なお、式(I)で示される化合物の無水和物結晶は、単結晶構造解析の結果、以下の分子構造を取ることを確認した。
式(I)で示される化合物の無水和物結晶に特徴的な粉末X線回析ピークは、粉末X線回折角度(2θ):7.9°、9.3°、12.6°、12.9°、15.8°、17.2°、19.4°、21.7°、23.9°、25.4°、26.6°、27.8°又は32.8°であり、それぞれ、±0.2°程度の範囲内の数値も含む。たとえば、式(I)で示される化合物の無水和物結晶は、回折角度(2θ):15.8°±0.2°、19.4°±0.2°、21.7°±0.2°、23.9°±0.2°及び25.4°±0.2°に特徴的な粉末X線回析ピークを示す結晶、又は回折角度(2θ):7.9°±0.2°、9.3°±0.2°、12.9°±0.2°、15.8°±0.2°及び19.4°±0.2°に特徴的な粉末X線回析ピークを示す結晶として、特定することができる。
また、式(I)で示される化合物等を含有する医薬組成物の製造方法としては、本発明の結晶の製造方法により得られる式(I)で示される化合物の無水和物結晶、または本発明の式(I)で示される化合物の無水和物結晶を用いる製造方法が好ましい。
上記の医薬組成物の製造方法は、さらに他の工程を含んでいてもよい。例えば、乾式混合、乾式造粒、湿式練合及び/又は湿式造粒のいずれの方法を含んでいてもよい。
ヒドロキシカルボン酸エステル類とは、ヒドロキシカルボン酸エステル又はそのヒドロキシ保護体を意味する。ヒドロキシカルボン酸エステルとは、ヒドロキシ基を有するカルボン酸のエステル体をいう。ヒドロキシ保護体とは、ヒドロキシ基が保護基により保護されているヒドロキシカルボン酸エステルを意味する。保護基としては、ホルミル基、アシル基が挙げられる。具体的には、クエン酸トリメチル、クエン酸トリエチル、クエン酸トリプロピル、クエン酸トリブチル、О-アセチルクエン酸トリメチル、О-アセチルクエン酸トリエチル、О-アセチルクエン酸トリプロピル、О-アセチルクエン酸トリブチル、О-アセチルリシノール酸メチル、О-ブチルクエン酸トリヘキシルが挙げられる。特に好ましいのは、クエン酸トリエチルである。
多価アルコールエステルとは、分子内に水酸基を2個以上有するアルコールのエステル体をいい、多価アルコールにおいて水酸基はそれぞれ別の炭素原子についている。具体的には、ミグリオール(中鎖脂肪酸トリグリセリドをいい、例えばミグリオール812、ミグリオール810、ミグリオール829等が挙げられる)、トリアセチン、ポリソルベート20、ポリソルベート60、ポリソルベート80及び油脂(グリセリンと飽和又は不飽和高級脂肪酸のエステル体をいい、例えば、ゴマ油、トウモロコシ油、オリーブ油、ダイズ油等が挙げられる)が、好ましくはミグリオール及びトリアセチン、より好ましくはミグリオールである。
ポリエーテルとは、―CR2―O-CR2―の連続構造を持つ化合物である。具体的には、マクロゴール6000、ポリソルベート20、ポリソルベート60及びポリソルベート80等が挙げられる。
ヒドロキシカルボン酸エステル類、多価アルコールエステル及び/又はポリエーテルとしては、好ましくは、クエン酸トリエチル、ミグリオール(ミグリオール812、ミグリオール810並びにミグリオール829)、トリアセチン、マクロゴール6000、ポリソルベート20、ポリソルベート60、ポリソルベート80及び油脂(ゴマ油、トウモロコシ油、オリーブ油並びにダイズ油等)からなる群から選択される1以上を用いることができる。
糖誘導体としては、糖類、糖アルコールがあり、糖類としては、乳糖、白糖、ブドウ糖、果糖、ショ糖等が挙げられ、また、糖アルコールとしては、マンニトール、ソルビトール、エリスリトール、キシリトール、粉末麦芽糖水あめ、マルチトール等が挙げられる。
デンプン誘導体としては、デンプン、バレイショデンプン、トウモロコシデンプン(コーンスターチ)、コメデンプン、部分アルファー化デンプン、アルファー化デンプン、有孔デンプン、カルボキシスターチナトリウム、ヒドロキシプロピルスターチ、低置換度カルボキシメチルスターチ、カルボキシメチルスターチ等が挙げられる。
セルロース誘導体としては、結晶セルロース、粉末セルロース、カルメロースナトリウム、カルメロース、クロスカルメロースナトリウム、カルメロースカルシウム、カルボキシメチルエチルセルロース、低置換度ヒドロキシプロピルセルロース等が挙げられる。
無機系賦形剤としては、ケイ酸塩誘導体、リン酸塩、炭酸塩、硫酸塩、酸化マグネシウム、酸化チタン、乳酸カルシウム、合成ヒドロタルサイト、タルク、カオリン、乾燥水酸化アルミニウム、酸化マグネシウム、ベントナイト等が挙げられる。
ケイ酸塩誘導体としては、含水二酸化ケイ素、軽質無水ケイ酸等の二酸化ケイ素、メタケイ酸アルミン酸マグネシウム、合成ケイ酸アルミニウム、ケイ酸カルシウム等が挙げられる。
リン酸塩としては、無水リン酸水素カルシウム、リン酸一水素カルシウム、リン酸水素カルシウム、リン酸水素ナトリウム、リン酸二カリウム、リン酸二水素カリウム、リン酸二水素カルシウム、リン酸二水素ナトリウム等が挙げられる。
炭酸塩としては、沈降炭酸カルシウム、炭酸カルシウム、炭酸マグネシウム等が挙げられる。硫酸塩としては、硫酸カルシウム等が挙げられる。
これら賦形剤は、2種以上を適宜の割合で混合して用いてもよい。
本発明製剤における賦形剤は、好ましくは乳糖である。糖アルコール糖類及び糖アルコールを混合して使用してもよい。この場合、糖アルコール及び糖類を組み合わせてもよいし、糖アルコール及び他の糖アルコールを組み合わせてもよいし、糖類及び他の糖類を組み合わせてもよい。
本発明製剤における結合剤は、好ましくはヒドロキシプロピルセルロース(HPC)である。
本発明製剤における崩壊剤は、好ましくは低置換度ヒドロキシプロピルセルロースである。
本発明の医薬組成物としては、本発明の結晶の製造方法により得られる式(I)で示される化合物等の結晶を含有する医薬組成物も含まれる。特に、式(I)で示される化合物の無水和物結晶を含有する医薬組成物が好ましい。
本発明の医薬組成物としては、式(III)で示される化合物を含有しないか、式(III)で示される化合物を含有し、式(I)で示される化合物等の量に対する、式(III)で示される化合物の含有割合が、0.0001~10ppmである医薬組成物が好ましい。式(III)で示される化合物を含有しないとは、式(III)で示される化合物が含まれないか、含んでいたとしても、式(III)で示される化合物の量が検出限界以下で、式(III)で示される化合物が検出できないことを意味する。
特に、40±2℃相対湿度75±5%(ガラス瓶開栓)6ヵ月の条件下で安定性試験した場合に、式(III)で示される化合物が検出されないか、式(I)で示される化合物等の量に対する、式(III)で示される化合物の含有割合が、0.0001~30ppmである医薬組成物が好ましい。
さらに、40±2℃相対湿度75±5%(ガラス瓶開栓)1ヵ月の条件下で安定性試験した場合に、式(III)で示される化合物が検出されないか、式(I)で示される化合物等の量に対する、式(III)で示される化合物の含有割合が、0.0001~10ppmである医薬組成物がより好ましい。
また、本発明の医薬組成物には、25±2℃相対湿度60±5%(ガラス瓶開栓若しくは低密度ポリエチレン袋)12ヵ月又は30±2℃相対湿度65±5%(ガラス瓶開栓若しくは低密度ポリエチレン袋)12ヵ月の条件下で安定性試験した場合に、式(I)で示される化合物等の量に対する、式(III)で示される化合物の含有割合が、0.0001~30ppmである、医薬組成物も含まれる。
上記の温度及び相対湿度には幅があるが、上記の範囲に含まれるいずれかの温度及び相対湿度おいて、条件となる期間安定性試験した場合に、式(I)で示される化合物等の量に対する、式(III)で示される化合物の含有割合が、0.0001~30ppmである、医薬組成物も本発明に含まれる。ガラス瓶開栓又は低密度ポリエチレン袋のいずれかの条件で、式(I)で示される化合物等の量に対する、式(III)で示される化合物の含有割合が、0.0001~30ppmであればよい。
好ましくは、式(I)で示される化合物等の量に対する、式(III)で示される化合物の含有割合が、0.0001~20ppmであり、さらに好ましくは、0.0001~10ppmである、医薬組成物である。
例えば、錠剤又は顆粒剤であり、クエン酸トリエチル、ミグリオール(例えば、ミグリオール812、ミグリオール810、ミグリオール829)、トリアセチン、マクロゴール6000、ポリソルベート20、ポリソルベート60、ポリソルベート80及び油脂(ゴマ油、トウモロコシ油、オリーブ油及びダイズ油等)からなる群から選択される1以上を素錠中又は素顆粒中に含有する、式(I)で示される化合物等を含有する医薬組成物が好ましい。
また、ヒドロキシカルボン酸エステル類、多価アルコールエステル及び/又はポリエーテルの量は、化合物1重量部に対して、0.0001~0.5重量部用いることができ、好ましくは0.001~0.3重量部である。
本発明の医薬組成物において、式(I)で示される化合物等の配合量としては、医薬組成物全量に対し、0.1~90重量%、好ましくは、20~50重量%、より好ましくは25~40重量%である。
本発明の医薬組成物において、式(I)で示される化合物等の配合量としては、素錠又は素顆粒全量に対し、0.1~90重量%、好ましくは、20~50重量%、より好ましくは25~40重量%である。
本発明製剤における滑沢剤は、好ましくはステアリン酸マグネシウムである。
コーティング錠やコーティング顆粒は、本発明の医薬組成物の製造方法に従い錠剤や顆粒剤を製造した後、当該錠剤や当該顆粒剤を光安定化物質及び高分子で被覆し、被覆層を形成することにより、製造することができる。顆粒剤に被覆層を形成する際、流動層造粒コーティング機、流動層転動コーティング機等を用いることができる。錠剤に被覆層を形成する際、パンコーティング機、通気式コーティング機等を用いることができる。
本発明の医薬組成物におけるコーティング剤は、好ましくはヒプロメロース(HPMC)である。
グリセリン脂肪酸エステル類としては、トリアセチン、ポリエチレングリコール、プロピレングリコール、グリセリン、モノアセチルグリセリン等が挙げられる。
界面活性剤としては、ソルビタンモノラウレート、ポロキサマー、ポリオキシエチレン硬化ヒマシ油、ポリソルベート等が挙げられる。
本発明製剤における可塑剤は、好ましくはクエン酸トリエチルである。
天然色素(天然着色料)としては、カラメル色素、ウコン抽出液、βーカロテン、カロチン、カンゾウエキス、クマザサエキス等が挙げられる。
合成色素(合成着色料)としては、食用青色1号、食用青色2号アルミニウムレーキ、食用黄色4号、食用黄色4号アルミニウムレーキ、食用黄色5号、食用赤色2号、食用赤色3号、食用赤色等が挙げられる。
酸化鉄としては、黄色三二酸化鉄、三二酸化鉄、黒酸化鉄、黄酸化鉄、褐色酸化鉄等が挙げられる。
これらの着色剤は、2種以上を適宜の割合で混合して用いてもよい。
好ましくは、タルク、黄色三二酸化鉄及び/又は三二酸化鉄である。
P2X3及び/又はP2X2/3受容体は疼痛、泌尿器系疾患及び呼吸器疾患に関与すると考えられており、本発明の医薬組成物は、鎮痛作用、尿路障害改善作用、排尿障害改善作用又は呼吸器障害改善作用を有する医薬組成物として有用である。本発明の医薬組成物は、これらの疾患の治療、症状の緩和又は予防に有効である。
具体的には、1錠又は1包あたりに含有する、式(I)で示される化合物等含量は、10mg、20mg、30mg、50mg、70mg、100gm、150gm、200mg、250mg又は300mgである。この場合、10mgとは、9.0~11.0mg、好ましくは9.5~10.5mgの範囲の範囲を示し、20mgとは、18.0~22.0mg、好ましくは19.0~21.0mgの範囲を示し、30mgとは、26.0~34.0mgの範囲を示し、好ましくは28.0~32.0mgの範囲を示し、50mgとは、46.0~54.0mgの範囲を示し、好ましくは48.0~52.0mgの範囲を示し、70mgとは、66.0~74.0mgの範囲を示し、好ましくは68.0~72.0mgの範囲を示し、100mgとは、96.0~104.0mgの範囲を示し、好ましくは98.0~102.0mgの範囲を示し、150mgとは、146.0~154.0mgの範囲を示し、好ましくは148.0~152.0mgの範囲を示し、200mgとは、196.0~204.0mgの範囲を示し、好ましくは198.0~202.0mgの範囲を示し、250mgとは、246.0~254.0mgの範囲を示し、好ましくは248.0~252.0mgの範囲を示し、300mgとは、296.0~304.0mgの範囲を示し、好ましくは298.0~302.0mgの範囲を示す。
a)式(I)で示される化合物等の結晶、又は式(I)で示される化合物等を含む医薬組成物を試料とし、当該試料においてクロマトグラフィー分析を行う工程;及び
b)上記工程で得られたクロマトグラフィー分析において、式(III)で示される化合物の含有量又は含有割合を得る工程、
を含む、式(I)で示される化合物等の結晶、又は式(I)で示される化合物等を含む医薬組成物中の類縁物質を分析する方法も含まれる。
また、本発明には、式(I)で示される化合物等の結晶、又は式(I)で示される化合物等を含む医薬組成物中の式(III)で示される化合物の含有量又は含有割合を分析する方法であって、
式(III)で示される化合物を標準試料として使用する方法も含まれる。
例えば、式(III)で示される化合物を含む類縁物質の量(含有量又は含有割合)を高速液体クロマトグラフィーによって測定することができる。その際、式(III)で示される化合物を類縁物質測定の際の標準試料(リファレンス・スタンダード)として用いることができる。式(III)で示される化合物の含有量又は含有割合は、クロマトグラフィーデータのピーク面積から算出することができる。含有割合とは、製剤全体に対する割合、式(I)で示される化合物等に対する割合、式(I)で示される化合物等と式(III)で示される化合物の合計に対する割合などを用いることができる。
本発明には、式(I)で示される化合物の二水和物結晶も含まれる。
式(I)で示される化合物の二水和物結晶に特徴的な粉末X線回析ピークは、粉末X線回折角度(2θ):5.7°、7.7°、11.8°、15.2°、17.7°、20.6°、20.8°、26.5°、27.1°又は29.1°であり、それぞれ、±0.2°程度の範囲内の数値も含む。
たとえば、式(I)で示される化合物の二水和物結晶は、回折角度(2θ):5.7±0.2°、7.7±0.2°、11.8±0.2°、15.2±0.2°、17.7±0.2°、20.6±0.2°、20.8±0.2°、26.5±0.2°、27.1±0.2°及び29.1±0.2°に特徴的な粉末X線回析ピークを示す結晶として、特定することができる。
式(I)で示される化合物の二水和物結晶としては、回折角度(2θ):5.7±0.2°、7.7±0.2°、11.8±0.2°、15.2±0.2°及び17.7±0.2°に特徴的な粉末X線回析ピークを示す結晶として、特定することができる。
本発明の二水和物結晶の水分含量は、例えば、4.7~9.7重量%が挙げられる。好ましくは、約5.6~7.6重量%が挙げられる(式(I)で示される化合物の二水和物結晶の水分含量の理論値は6.6%であるが、結晶に付着した水の影響で水分含有量が高くなる場合、測定前に結晶中の水の一部が脱離し水分含有量が低くなる場合もある)。
特筆しない限り、%は成分の重量%及び組成物の全重量の重量%であり、圧力は大気圧か又はそれに近い圧力である。
日本薬局方の一般試験法に記載された粉末X線回折測定法に従い、各実施例で得られた結晶の粉末X線回折測定を行った。測定条件を以下に示す。
(装置)
リガク社製SmartLab
(操作方法)
測定法:反射法
使用波長:CuKα線
管電流:200mA
管電圧:45kV
試料プレート:ガラス
X線の入射角:2.5°
サンプリング幅:0.02°
検出器:HyPix-3000(2次元検出モード)
各実施例で得られた結晶のラマンスペクトルの測定を行った。測定条件を以下に示す。
測定機器:LabRAM ARAMIS (HORIBA JOBIN YVON社製)
測定方法:顕微レーザラマン分光法
レーザ波長:633nm(He-Neレーザ)
回折格子:600grooves/mm
検出器:CCD検出器
対物レンズ:20×(NA 0.25)
積算回数:5回
露光時間:5秒
参考例Kで得られた結晶約4.4mgを量り、アルミニウムパンにつめ、開放系にて測定した。測定条件は以下のとおりである。
装置:日立ハイテクノロジーズ TG/DTA STA7200RV
測定温度範囲:室温-300℃
昇温速度:10℃/分
(R)-(+)-1-フェニルエチルアミン(化合物(1))(20.01g、165.1mmol)にメタノール(20mL)、メタクリル酸メチル(化合物(2))(49.64g、495.8mmol)を室温で加えた。-10℃に冷却後、塩化リチウム(7.07g、167mmol)を加えた。反応液を80℃に昇温し、6時間攪拌した。反応液を25℃に冷却し、9.1%塩化ナトリウム水溶液(77.03g)を加えて、分液により有機層及び水層を得た。得られた水層にトルエン(61.04g)を室温で加え、分液により水層を除去した。得られた2つの有機層を合併し、トルエン(16.99g)を加えて50℃で減圧留去した。
p-トルエンスルホン酸一水和物(28.91g、152.0mmol)をエタノール(16.00g)に溶解してp-トルエンスルホン酸のエタノール溶液(44.91g)を調製した。
上記で調製した濃縮液にトルエン(155.91g)を加え、上記で調製したp-トルエンスルホン酸のエタノール溶液(5.88g)及び化合物(3)の種晶(19.95mg、0.05070mmol)にトルエン(63μL)を加えて懸濁させたスラリーを室温で加えた。得られたスラリーに上記で調製したp-トルエンスルホン酸のエタノール溶液(39.93g)を加え、エタノール(10mL)を加えて2時間攪拌し、終夜放置した。0℃に冷却して2時間攪拌し、固体をろ取し化合物(3)(20.75g、31.9%)を粗生成物として得た。
化合物(3)の粗生成物の一部(5.00g)にトルエン(1.92g)、酢酸エチル(21.70g)及びメタノール(2.90g)を加え、50℃で3時間攪拌した。0℃に冷却し、固体をろ取して化合物(3)(4.65g)を得た。
元素分析:C 61.22%, H 7.09%, N 3.56%, S 8.12%
1H-NMR(DMSO-d6)δppm: 1.12(d, J=7.0 Hz,3H), 1.55(br d, J=6.7 Hz, 3H), 2.29(s, 3H), 2.50(s, 2H), 2.83(br dd, J=13.2 Hz, 6.9 Hz, 1H), 2.90(m, 2H), 3.62(s, 3H), 7.13(m, 2H), 7.47(m, 7H)
(R)-(+)-1-フェニルエチルアミン(化合物(1))(2.00g、16.5mmol)、メタノール(1.59g)、メタクリル酸メチル(化合物(2))(4.97g、49.6mmol)及び塩化リチウム(0.70g、17mmol)を室温で混合し、80℃に昇温して4時間攪拌した。反応液を25℃に冷却し、9.1%塩化ナトリウム水溶液(7.70g)を加えて、分液により水層を除去した。得られた有機層にトルエン(5.21g)を加えた後、p-トルエンスルホン酸一水和物(2.88g、15.1mmol)をメタノール(1.58g)に溶解して調整したp-トルエンスルホン酸のメタノール溶液(4.46g)を加えた。この反応液を0℃に冷却したトルエン(6.94g)に加え、0℃で30分攪拌した。析出した固体をろ取することで化合物(3)の種晶(1.60g,24.6%)を得た。
化合物(3)(22.00g、55.91mmol)にトルエン(95.26g)と水(44.00g)を加えて懸濁し、8%水酸化ナトリウム水溶液(27.54g)と水(4.40g)を加えて分液により水層を除去した。得られた有機層に水(11.00g)を加え、分液により水層を除去した。得られた有機層を50℃で減圧留去し、メタノールを加える操作を繰り返し行い、メタノールへ溶媒置換した。得られた濃縮液に濃硫酸(2.04g、19.8mmol)、10%パラジウム炭素(2.20g、約40%湿潤品)及びメタノール(17.41g)を加えた。反応液を40℃に昇温し、水素雰囲気下で90分攪拌した。ろ過によりパラジウム炭素を除去し、得られたろ液にメタノール(52.24g)及び濃硫酸(0.67g、6.5mmol)を加えた。得られた反応液にアセトニトリルを加え、減圧留去する操作を繰り返し行い、アセトニトリルへ溶媒置換して0℃に冷却した。析出した固体をろ取することで化合物(4)(8.58g、92.3%)を得た。
元素分析:C 35.72%, H 7.18%, N 8.55%, S 9.63%
1H-NMR(DMSO-d6)δppm: 1.10(d, J=7.1 Hz, 3H), 2.62(m, 1H), 2.75(dd, J=12.7H, 5.9 Hz, 1H), 2.89(dd, J=12.7 Hz, 7.3 Hz, 1H), 3.63(s, 3H)
化合物(4)(19.00g、114.3mmol)をアセトニトリル(45.00g)に懸濁した。2℃で1,8-ジアザビシクロ[5.4.0]-7-ウンデセン(19.10g、125.5mmol)及びアセトニトリル(3.00g)を加え、2℃で30分攪拌した。反応液をN,N-カルボニルジイミダゾール(21.30g、131.4mmol)をアセトニトリル(75.00g)に懸濁したスラリーに2℃で加えた。反応液にアセトニトリル(15.00g)を加え、2℃で1時間22分攪拌した。反応液に1,8-ジアザビシクロ[5.4.0]-7-ウンデセン(17.40g、114.3mmol)及びアセトニトリル(3.00g)を2℃で加え、1℃に冷却した。反応液に1H-ピラゾール-1-カルボキシアミジン塩酸塩(16.80g、114.6mmol)及びアセトニトリル(3.00g)を加えた。反応液を60℃に昇温し、2時間10分攪拌した。反応液を20℃に冷却した。反応液に1,8-ジアザビシクロ[5.4.0]-7-ウンデセン(27.80g、182.6mmol)及びアセトニトリル(3.00g)を2℃で加え、-10℃に冷却した。反応液にN,N-カルボニルジイミダゾール(29.70g、183.2mmol)及びアセトニトリル(3.00g)を加えた。反応液を2℃で1時間20分攪拌した。反応液にメタノール(7.50g)、酢酸(4.80g、79.9mmol)及びアセトニトリル(3.00g)を2℃で加えた。反応液を50℃で減圧留去した。得られた濃縮液にN,N-ジメチルアセトアミド(27.00g)を加え、10℃に冷却して17%硫酸水(204.1g)及び水(19.00g)を加えた。反応液に17%硫酸水(31.30g)及び水(2.50g)を25℃で加え、1時間48分攪拌した。反応液を50℃で減圧留去した。得られた濃縮液に水(190mL)を加え、2℃に冷却した後、17%硫酸水(3.30g)及び水(1.30g)を加えた。反応液を2℃で1時間15分攪拌し、析出した固体をろ取して化合物(5)(27.13g、85.0%)を得た。
1H-NMR(CDCl3)δppm:1.24(d, J=7.1 Hz, 3H), 3.02(m, 1H), 3.68(s, 3H), 4.02(dd, J=13.4 Hz, 6.3 Hz, 1H), 4.24(dd, J=13.3 Hz, 8.4 Hz, 1H), 6.60(dd, J=2.8Hz, 1.6 Hz, 1H), 7.85(d, J=1.6Hz, 1H), 8.48(dd, J=2.9 Hz, 0.6 Hz, 1H), 9.70(brs, 1H)
ナトリウム tert-ブトキシド(12.50g、130.1mol)をN-メチル-2-ピロリドン(64.00g)に懸濁し、4-アミノフェノール(化合物(7))(14.10g、129.2mmol)及びN-メチル-2-ピロリドン(16.00g)を加えた。反応液を100℃に昇温し、2-ブロモピリジン(化合物(6))(19.50g、123.4mmol)及びN-メチル-2-ピロリドン(4.00g)を加えた。反応液を115℃で8時間20分攪拌し、50℃に冷却した。反応液に水(29.00g)を50℃で加え、25℃に冷却して水(107.00g)を加えた。反応液に化合物(8)の種晶(8、20mg)及び水(195mg)を加えて20℃で50分攪拌した。反応液に水(156.00g)を25℃で加え、5℃に冷却して1時間30分攪拌した。析出した固体をろ取することで化合物(8)(17.81g、77.5%)を得た。
1H-NMR(CDCl3)δppm:3.60(s,2H), 6.69-6.73(m, 2H), 6.83(ddd, J=8.4Hz, 0.8Hz, 0.8Hz, 1H), 6.92-6.96(m, 3H), 7.63(ddd, J=8.0Hz, 7.2Hz, 2.0Hz, 1H), 8.18(ddd, J=5.2Hz, 2.0Hz, 0.8Hz, 1H)
ナトリウム tert-ブトキシド(3.20g、33.3mmol)をN-メチル-2-ピロリドン(16.42g)に懸濁し、4-アミノフェノール(化合物(7))(3.64g、33.4mmol)及びN-メチル-2-ピロリドン(4.12g)を加えた。反応液を100℃に昇温し、2-ブロモピリジン(化合物(6))(5.01g、31.7mmol)及びN-メチル-2-ピロリドン(1.10g)を加えた。反応液を115℃で6時間攪拌し、ナトリウム tert-ブトキシド(1.07g、11.1mmol)を加えて115℃で2時間35分攪拌した後に50℃に冷却した。反応液に水(7.50g)を50℃で加えた後に25℃に冷却して水(67.54g)を加え、1℃に冷却して結晶化させた。得られたスラリーを5℃で30分攪拌した後に、析出した固体をろ取することで、化合物(8)の種晶(3.84g、65.2%)を得た。
化合物(5)(10.13g、36.27mmol)に臭化ナトリウム(4.1g、39.9mmol)及びN,N-ジメチルアセトアミド(27.70g)を加えた。反応液にN,N-ジイソプロピルエチルアミン(5.16g、39.9mmol)及びN,N-ジメチルアセトアミド(0.96g)を加え、75℃に昇温した。反応液に4-クロロベンジルクロリド(6.43g、39.9mmol)をN,N-ジメチルアセトアミド(9.56g)に溶解して調製した4-クロロベンジルクロリドのN,N-ジメチルアセトアミド溶液を75℃で加え、N,N-ジメチルアセトアミド(9.56g)を加えた。反応液を75℃で5時間15分攪拌した。反応液を25℃に冷却し、酢酸(0.65g、11mmol)を加えて40℃に昇温した。反応液に化合物(8)(7.43g、39.9mmol)をN,N-ジメチルアセトアミド(9.55g)に溶解して調製した化合物(8)のN,N-ジメチルアセトアミド溶液を加え、N,N-ジメチルアセトアミド(9.55g)を加えた。反応液を40℃で3時間攪拌し、室温に冷却した。反応液にアセトン(27.94g)及び水(35.46g)を加えた。反応液に化合物(9)の種晶(10.13mg)、水(0.40g)及びアセトン(0.08g)を加え、室温で3時間25分攪拌後、終夜放置した。反応液を室温で1時間攪拌後、水(30.39g)を加えて3時間25分攪拌した。析出した固体をろ取して、化合物(9)(16.72g、88.3%)を得た。
1H-NMR(CDCl3)δppm:1.19(d, J=7.1 Hz, 3H), 2.91(m, 1H), 3.61(s, 3H), 3.90(dd, J=13.6 Hz, 6.2 Hz, 1H), 4.12(dd, J=13.6 Hz, 8.4 Hz, 1H), 5.18(d, J=14.2 Hz, 1H), 5.22(d, J=14.2 Hz, 1H), 6.85(m, 2H), 6.96(m, 1H), 7.00(m, 1H), 7.14(m, 2H), 7.31(m, 2H), 7.50(m, 2H), 7.70(m, 1H), 7.89(brs, 1H), 8.14(m, 1H)
化合物(5)(5.01g、17.9mmol)に臭化ナトリウム(2.00g、19.4mmol)及びN,N-ジメチルアセトアミド(13.67g)を加えた。反応液にN,N-ジイソプロピルエチルアミン(2.55g、19.7mmol)及びN,N-ジメチルアセトアミド(0.47g)を加え、75℃に昇温した。反応液に4-クロロベンジルクロリド(3.16g、19.6mmol)をN,N-ジメチルアセトアミド(4.71g)に溶解して調製した4-クロロベンジルクロリドのN,N-ジメチルアセトアミド溶液を75℃で加え、N,N-ジメチルアセトアミド(4.71g)を加えた。反応液を75℃で4時間30分攪拌した。反応液を25℃に冷却して酢酸(0.32g、5.3mmol)を加え、40℃に昇温した。反応液に化合物(8)(3.66g、19.7mmol)をN,N-ジメチルアセトアミド(4.71g)に溶解して調製した化合物(8)のN,N-ジメチルアセトアミド溶液を加え、N,N-ジメチルアセトアミド(4.71g)を加えた。反応液を40℃で3時間25分攪拌し、室温に冷却した。反応液にアセトン(13.79g)及び水(17.54g)を加え、室温で終夜放置した。反応液を25℃に昇温して5時間攪拌し、水(15.00g)を加えて25℃で2時間攪拌した。析出した固体をろ取して、化合物(9)の種晶(8.17g、87.2%)を得た。
化合物(9)(70.00g、134.1mmol)に2-プロパノール(109.91g)、水(63.00g)及び48%水酸化ナトリウム水溶液(27.94g、335.3mmol)を加えた。反応液を35℃に昇温し、4時間10分攪拌した。反応液に2-プロパノール(32.97g)、メタノール(177.30g)及び水(63.00g)を加えて50℃に昇温した。反応液にギ酸(18.52g、402.3mmol)及び式(I)で示される化合物の無水和物の種晶(70.00mg)を加え、50℃で1時間10分攪拌した後に水(280.00g)を加えて25℃に冷却した。析出した固体をろ取して、式(I)で示される化合物の無水和物結晶(62.86g、92.3%)を得た。
無水和物結晶であることは、示差走査熱量測定(DSC)、示差熱・熱重量同時測測定(TG/DTA)、水分吸脱着測定(DVS)及び粉末X線回折測定で確認した。
1H-NMR(CDCl3)δppm:1.13(d, J=7.0 Hz, 3H), 2.76(m, 1H), 3.83(dd, J=13.5 Hz, 6.1 Hz, 1H), 4.03(dd, J=13.5 Hz, 8.5 Hz, 1H), 5.14(m, 1H), 5.25(d, J=14.4 Hz, 1H), 6.82(d, J=8.6 Hz, 2H), 7.00(m, 2H), 7.08(m, 2H), 7.25(m, 2H), 7.43(d, J=8.3 Hz, 2H), 7.72(m, 1H), 8.06(dd, J=5.4 Hz, 1.8 Hz, 1H), 8.67(brs, 1H)
回折角度(2θ):7.9°、9.3°、12.6°、12.9°、15.8°、17.2°、19.4°、21.7°、23.9°、25.4°、26.6°、27.8°、32.8°
829cm-1±2cm-1、989cm-1±2cm-1、1013cm-1±2cm-1、1093cm-1±2cm-1、1128cm-1±2cm-1、1243cm-1±2cm-1、1370cm-1±2cm-1、1599cm-1±2cm-1、1659cm-1±2cm-1、1735cm-1±2cm-1、2938cm-1±2cm-1、3067cm-1±2cm-1に主な吸収ピークが認められた。
化合物(9)(1.50g、2.87mmol)にメタノール(5.95g)、水(3.00g)及び48%水酸化ナトリウム水溶液(0.60g、7.20mmol)を加えた。反応液を40℃に昇温し、1時間30分攪拌した。反応液を室温に冷却し、ギ酸(0.40g、8.62mmol)、酢酸エチル(10.5mL)、水(9mL)を室温で加えて分液により水層を除去した。得られた有機層に水(3mL)を加え、分液により水層を除去し、有機層に2-プロパノール(90mL)を加え、40℃で減圧留去した。得られた濃縮残渣に水(7.5mL)、2-プロパノール(7.5mL)を加えて25℃で1時間30分攪拌した。水(7.5mL)、メタノール(7.5mL)を加えた後、60℃に昇温して2時間攪拌し、25℃に冷却して析出した固体をろ取して、式(I)で示される化合物の無水和物の種晶(1.25g,85.6%)を得た。
式(I)で示される化合物の無水和物結晶(50.00g、98.43mmol)に、2-プロパノール(314.02g)、水(150.00g)、48%水酸化ナトリウム(20.51g、246.1mmol)を加えて溶解した。得られた溶液に、35%塩酸(25.64g、246.1mmol)と式(I)で示される化合物の二水和物の種晶(50.00mg)を加えた後、室温で1時間攪拌し、水(250.00g)を加えて2時間撹拌した。得られたスラリーを5℃に冷却し、ろ過することで、式(I)で示される化合物の二水和物結晶(49.23g)を得た。
二水和物結晶であることは、示差熱・熱重量同時測測定(TG/DTA)、水分吸脱着測定(DVS)及び粉末X線回折測定で確認した。
回折角度(2θ):5.7°、7.7°、11.8°、15.2°、17.7°、20.6°、20.8°、26.5°、27.1°、29.1°
化合物(9)(70.00g、134.1mmol)に、2-プロパノール(109.91g)、水(63.02g)、48%水酸化ナトリウム(27.95g、335.4mmol)を加えて、25℃で4時間撹拌した。得られた反応溶液に、2-プロパノール(16.49g)、メタノール(127.43g)、水(217.00g)を加えた後、25℃でギ酸(9.88g、215mmol)を加えて、25℃で35分間攪拌した。得られたスラリーに、ギ酸(8.64g、188mmol)と水(70.00g)を混合して調整したギ酸水溶液を25℃で滴下した後、水(7.00g)及びメタノール(27.70g)を加えた。スラリーをろ過することで、式(I)で示される化合物の二水和物(64.04g、式(III)で示される化合物の含有割合:未検出)を得た。
実施例1~4及び6並びに参考例1~2においても、同様の方法で求めた。
(標準溶液の調製)
以下の方法で、式(III)で示される化合物の標準試料を作成した。
工程1:式(III)で示される化合物を約25mg精密に量り、N,N―ジメチルホルムアミド/水混液(9:1)に溶かし、正確に20mLとした。
工程2:工程1の液1mLを正確にとり、N,N―ジメチルホルムアミド/水混液(9:1)を加えて正確に50mLとした。
工程3:工程2の液2mLを正確にとり、N,N―ジメチルホルムアミド/水混液(9:1)を加えて正確に20mLとし、標準溶液とした。
以下の方法で、試料溶液の調製を行った。
試料約125~600mgを精密に量り、N,N―ジメチルホルムアミド/水混液(9:1)を加えて溶かし、正確に5mLとした。
以下の方法、条件によって、液体クロマトグラフで、式(III)で示される化合物の量を測定した。
・測定機器:UHPLC(NexeraX2、SHIMADZU)
・検出器:UV
・測定波長:271nm
・カラム:ACQUITY UPLC BEH SHIELD PR18、1.7μm(2.1×100mm)
・カラム温度:40℃付近の一定温度
・移動相A:20mmol/Lリン酸二水素カリウム水溶液
・移動相B:液体クロマトグラフィー用アセトニトリル
・移動相の送液:移動相A及び移動相Bの混合比を表1のように変えて濃度勾配制御した。
(数4)
式(III)で示される化合物の含量(ppm) = MS/MT × AT/AS× 1/2000 × 1000000
MS:式(III)で示される化合物の秤取量(mg)
MT :試料の秤取量(mg)
AS:標準溶液から得られる、式(III)で示される化合物のピーク面積
AT:試料溶液から得られる、式(III)で示される化合物のピーク面積
1/2000:希釈倍率
(参考例1)式(I)で示される化合物の乾式粉砕品の製造
上記参考例Iに従って得られた式(I)で示される化合物の無水和物結晶を、カウンタージェットミル(100AFG、ホソカワミクロン)にて乾式粉砕し、検体(14.53μm)を得た。
実施例1~6及び参考例3においても、同様の方法で求めた。
以下の方法、条件によって、90%粒子径を測定した。
・測定機器:レーザー回折式粒度分布測定装置(HELOS&RODOS、Sympatec)
・分散圧:4bar
・送り:50%
・回転:20%
・焦点距離:50mm
・トリガー条件:リファレンス持続時間 2秒
タイムベース 100ミリ秒
スタート Optical concentration≧1.0%
ストップ Optical concentration≦1.0%
・測定レンジ:R2
実施例1~4に、圧力式ホモジナイザーを用いた湿式粉砕工程を含む、式(I)で示される化合等の結晶の製造方法を示す。
化合物(9)(70.00g、134.12mmol)に2-プロパノール(109.91g)、水(63.00g)、48%水酸化ナトリウム(27.94g、335.3mmol)を加え、35℃で2時間攪拌した。反応液(式(III)で示される化合物の含有割合:54.3ppm)に、2-プロパノール(32.97g)、水(63.00g)、メタノール(177.30g)を加えて50℃に昇温し、圧力式ホモジナイザー(LAB2000、SMT)処理を行いながらギ酸(18.52g、402.35mmol)、式(I)で示される化合物の無水和物の種晶(70.02mg)を加えた後、圧力式ホモジナイザー処理下で1時間攪拌することで、式(I)で示される化合物の無水和物結晶を析出させ、スラリーを得た。
得られたスラリーに圧力式ホモジナイザー処理下で水(280.00g)を加え25℃に冷却した。得られたスラリーを圧力式ホモジナイザーで湿式粉砕した後、ろ過することで、式(I)で示される化合物の無水和物結晶(62.86g、90%粒子径:5.51μm、式(III)で示される化合物の含有割合:1.10ppm)を得た。
ろ過後のろ液及び得られた結晶に含まれる式(III)で示される化合物の含有割合の合計量は119.6ppmであり、晶析操作中の式(III)で示される化合物の含有割合の増加量は119.6-54.3=65.3ppmであった。
実施例4、及び参考例2~3においても、同様の方法で求めた。
(標準溶液の調製)
以下の方法で、式(III)で示される化合物の標準試料を作成した。
工程1:式(III)で示される化合物を約25mg精密に量り、N,N―ジメチルホルムアミド/水混液(9:1)に溶かし、正確に20mLとした。
工程2:工程1の液1mLを正確にとり、N,N―ジメチルホルムアミド/水混液(9:1)を加えて正確に50mLとした。
工程3:工程2の液2mLを正確にとり、N,N―ジメチルホルムアミド/水混液(9:1)を加えて正確に20mLとし、標準溶液とした。
以下の方法で、試料溶液の調製を行った。
試料約60~1300mgを精密に量り、N,N―ジメチルホルムアミド/水混液(9:1)を加えて溶かし、正確に5mLとした。
以下の方法、条件によって、液体クロマトグラフで、式(III)で示される化合物の量を測定した。
・測定機器:UHPLC(NexeraX2、SHIMADZU)
・検出器:UV
・測定波長:271nm
・カラム:ACQUITY UPLC BEH SHIELD PR18、1.7μm (2.1×100 mm)
・カラム温度:40℃付近の一定温度
・移動相A:20mmol/Lリン酸二水素カリウム水溶液
・移動相B:液体クロマトグラフィー用アセトニトリル
・移動相の送液:移動相A及び移動相Bの混合比を表2のように変えて濃度勾配制御した。
(数3)
式(III)で示される化合物の含量(ppm) = MS/MT × AT/AS ×1/2000 × YT/YS ×1000000
MS:式(III)で示される化合物の秤取量(mg)
MT :試料の秤取量(mg)
AS:標準溶液から得られる、式(III)で示される化合物のピーク面積
AT:試料溶液から得られる、式(III)で示される化合物のピーク面積
YS:式(I)で示される化合物の収量(g)
YT:試料の総重量(g)
1/2000:希釈倍率
実施例1及び参考例1で得られた検体について、保存安定性試験を行い、式(III)で示される化合物の含有量を評価した。
実施例1の保存条件及び包装形態を表3に、参考例1の保存条件及び包装形態を表4に示す。
表中、包装形態の詳細は下記を示し、他の表においても同様である。
・二重ポリエチレン袋・コンベックス・金属缶:
検体をポリエチレン袋(サンテック―LD M2206(無添加品)100×210×0.1mm、東和化工)に入れて、コンベックス(CV100N、芝軽粗材)で締めた。この袋を更にポリエチレン(サンテック―LD M2206(無添加品)100×210×0.1mm、東和化工)袋に入れ、同様にコンベックス(CV100N、芝軽粗材)で締めた。同じ保存条件の上記検体をまとめて、金属缶(サンダイア、内径16cm、深さ18cmのステンレス缶)に入れた。
・二重ポリエチレン袋・コンベックス(乾燥剤入り)・金属缶:
検体をポリエチレン袋(サンテック―LD M2206(無添加品)100×210×0.1mm、東和化工)に入れて、コンベックス(CV100N、芝軽粗材)で締めた。この袋を更にポリエチレン袋(サンテック―LD M2206(無添加品)100×210×0.1mm、東和化工)に入れ、同様にコンベックス(CV100N、芝軽粗材)で締めた。同じ保存条件の上記検体をまとめて、シリカゲル(富士シリシア化学株式会社の原料使用、1g袋入り)入りの金属缶(サンダイア、内径16cm、深さ18cmのステンレス缶)に入れた。
実施例1及び参考例1について、経時保存品中の、式(I)で示される化合物等の量に対する、式(III)で示される化合物の量を表5に示す。表中、Mは月を表す。他の表においても同様である。
40±2℃相対湿度75±5%(表5では、40±2℃/75±5%RHと表記)の条件における、式(I)で示される化合物等の量に対する、式(III)で示される化合物の含有割合は、参考例1の検体は、1ヵ月が15ppm(試験開始時からの増加量が12ppm)、3ヵ月が18ppm(試験開始時からの増加量が15ppm)であった。一方、実施例1の検体においては、1ヵ月が2ppm(試験開始時からの増加量が1ppm)、3ヵ月が3ppm(試験開始時からの増加量が2ppm)、6ヵ月が4ppm(試験開始時からの増加量が3ppm)であった。湿式粉砕した実施例1の検体は、参考例1検体と比較して、式(III)で示される化合物量の増加が抑制されていた。このことから、式(I)で示される化合物等を湿式粉砕することにより、安定性が向上することを見出した。
また、上記の結果より、本発明の結晶が、40±2℃相対湿度75±5%、1ヵ月の条件下で安定性試験において、式(I)で示される化合物等の量に対する、式(III)で示される化合物の含有割合が、0.0001~10ppmとなることが確認された。さらに、本発明の結晶が、40±2℃相対湿度75±5%、6ヵ月の条件下で安定性試験において、式(I)で示される化合物等の量に対する、式(III)で示される化合物の含有割合が、0.0001~30ppmとなることが確認された。
式(I)で示される化合物の無水和物結晶(1129g、2.300mol)に2-プロパノール(2366g)、水(1004g)、メタノール(3011g)、48%水酸化ナトリウム(463g、5.56mol)を加えて溶解させ、50℃に昇温し、圧力式ホモジナイザー(LAB2000、SMT)処理を行いながら、ギ酸(307g、6.67mol)、式(I)で示される化合物の無水和物結晶(1.16g)を加えた後、圧力式ホモジナイザー処理下で2時間攪拌することで、式(I)で示される化合物の無水和物結晶を析出させスラリーを得た。
得られたスラリーに、圧力式ホモジナイザー処理下で、水(4.64kg)を加え、25℃に冷却した。得られたスラリーを、圧力式ホモジナイザーで湿式粉砕した後、ろ過することで、式(I)で示される化合物の無水和物結晶(1067g、90%粒子径:7.17μm、式(III)で示される化合物の含有割合:1.0ppm)を得た。
化合物(9)(70.00g、134.12mmol)に2-プロパノール(109.91g)、水(63.00g)、48%水酸化ナトリウム(27.95g、335.4mmol)を加えて、25℃で5時間攪拌し、溶解した。反応液に、2-プロパノール(16.49g)、水(217.00g)、メタノール(127.44g)を加え、圧力式ホモジナイザー(LAB2000、SMT)処理を行いながら、25℃でギ酸(9.88g)を加えて35分攪拌し、ギ酸(8.64g)及び水(70.00g)を2時間かけて滴下した。水(7.00g)、メタノール(27.70g)を加えることで、式(I)で示される化合物の二水和物結晶を析出させ、スラリーを得た。
得られたスラリーに、式(I)で示される化合物の無水和物の種晶(70mg)を加え、50℃で1時間攪拌した後、25℃に冷却した。得られたスラリーを圧力式ホモジナイザーで湿式粉砕した後、ろ過することで、式(I)で示される化合物の無水和物結晶(60.44g、90%粒子径:6.48μm、式(III)で示される化合物の含有割合:1.5ppm)を得た。
式(I)で示される化合物の無水和物結晶(1168g、2.300mol)に2-プロパノール(2166g)、水(4642g)、メタノール(2260g)、48%水酸化ナトリウム(479g、5.75mol)を加えて溶解させた(式(III)で示される化合物の含有割合:58.4ppm)。その後、ギ酸(169g、3.67mol)を25℃で加え、圧力式ホモジナイザー(LAB2000、SMT)処理を行いながら、25℃で30分攪拌した。得られたスラリーに対し、ギ酸(148g、3.22mol)及び水(1202g)を混合した水溶液を25℃で加えた後、さらに水(240g)を加えることで、式(I)で示される化合物の二水和物結晶を析出させ、スラリーを得た。
得られたスラリーに、式(I)で示される化合物の無水和物の種晶(1.20g)、メタノール(475g)を加え、50℃で1時間攪拌した後、25℃に冷却した。得られたスラリーを圧力式ホモジナイザーで湿式粉砕した後、ろ過することで、式(I)で示される化合物の無水和物結晶(1659g、90%粒子径:8.82μm、式(III)で示される化合物の含有割合:1.3ppm)を得た。
ろ過後のろ液及び得られた結晶に含まれる、式(III)で示される化合物の含有割合の合計量は67.1ppmであり、晶析操作中の式(III)で示される化合物の含有割合の増加量は67.1-58.4=8.7ppmであった。
(実施例5)式(I)で示される化合物の湿式粉砕品の製造(5)
化合物(9)(220.00g、421.49mmol)に2-プロパノール(345.42g)、水(198.22g)、48%水酸化ナトリウム(87.82g、1054mmol)を加え、30℃で3時間攪拌した。得られた反応液を154.81g取り、2-プロパノール(18.85g)、水(36.01g)、メタノール(101.35g)を加えて、50℃に昇温し、ローター・ステーター型ホモジナイザー(magic LAB、IKA)処理を行いながら、ギ酸(10.58g、229.9mmol)、式(I)で示される化合物の無水和物の種晶(40.07mg)を加えた後、ローター・ステーター型ホモジナイザー処理下で1時間攪拌することで、式(I)で示される化合物の無水和物結晶を析出させ、スラリーを得た。
得られたスラリーに、ローター・ステーター型ホモジナイザー処理下で、水(160.32g)を加え、25℃に冷却した。得られたスラリーを、ローター・ステーター型ホモジナイザーで湿式粉砕した後、ろ過することで、式(I)で示される化合物の無水和物結晶(33.67g、90%粒子径:27.57μm)を得た。
式(I)で示される化合物の無水和物結晶(23.36g、44.75mmol)に2-プロパノール(49.00g)、水(43.20g)、メタノール(60.81g)、48%水酸化ナトリウム(9.58g、115mmol)を加えて、50℃に昇温し、ローター・ステーター型ホモジナイザー(HG92、SMT)処理を行いながら、ギ酸(6.50g、141mmol)、式(I)で示される化合物の無水和物の種晶(24.75mg)を加えた後、ローター・ステーター型ホモジナイザー処理下で2時間攪拌することで、式(I)で示される化合物の無水和物結晶を析出させ、スラリーを得た。
得られたスラリーに、ローター・ステーター型ホモジナイザー処理下で、水(96.32g)を加え、25℃に冷却した。得られたスラリーを、ローター・ステーター型ホモジナイザーで湿式粉砕した後、ろ過することで、式(I)で示される化合物の無水和物結晶(22.58g、90%粒子径:61.22μm、式(III)で示される化合物の含有割合: 1.0ppm)を得た。
(実施例7)式(I)で示される化合物の湿式粉砕品の製造(7)
式(I)で示される化合物の無水和物結晶に、メタノール/2―プロパノール/水(1.1/0.9/2vol)の溶液を加えて、スラリー化した。
得られたスラリーをビーズミル(DYNO―MILL ナノ分散機 リサーチラボ型、ウィリー・エ・バッコ―フェン社)で湿式粉砕した後、ろ過することで、式(I)で示される化合物の無水和物結晶(90%粒子径:2.794μm)を得た。90%粒子径は、試験例5に記載の方法で測定した。
以下の方法、条件によって、90%粒子径を測定した。
・測定機器: 粒度分布測定装置(マスターサイザー2000、Malvern)
・分散溶媒:0.1gのドデシル硫酸ナトリウム(SDS)を1Lの水に溶解
・回転数:2500rpm
・超音波:50%
・スラリー濃度:10~20%の間で調整
(参考例2)
化合物(9)(220.00g、421.49mmol)に、2-プロパノール(345.42g)、水(198.22g)、48%水酸化ナトリウム(87.82g、1054mmol)を加え、30℃で3時間攪拌して反応液(851.31g)を得た。
得られた反応液(30.53g、式(III)で示される化合物の含有割合:178.9ppm)に、2-プロパノール(3.77g)、水(7.20g)、メタノール(20.26g)を加えて50℃に昇温し、ギ酸(2.12g、46.1mmol)、式(I)で示される化合物の無水和物の種晶(48.53mg)を加えた後、5時間攪拌することで、式(I)で示される化合物の無水和物結晶を析出させ、スラリーを得た。得られたスラリーに水(32.06g)を加え25℃に冷却し、ろ過することで、式(I)で示される化合物の無水和物結晶(7.35g、式(III)で示される化合物の含有割合:1.3ppm)を得た。
ろ過後のろ液及び得られた結晶に含まれる式(III)で示される化合物の含有割合の合計量は、316.7ppmであり、晶析操作中の式(III)で示される化合物の含有割合の増加量は316.7-178.9=137.8ppmであった。
化合物(9)(41.00g、78.55mmol)に、2-プロパノール(64.38g)、水(36.93g)、48%水酸化ナトリウム(16.36g、196.3mmol)を加え、35℃で4時間攪拌して反応液(158.29g、式(III)で示される化合物の含有割合:82.0ppm)を得た。
得られた反応液(30.89g)に2-プロパノール(3.77g)、水(5.60g)、メタノール(20.27g)を加えて50℃に昇温し、ギ酸(2.12g、46.1mmol)、式(I)で示される化合物の無水和物の種晶(8.21mg)を加えた後、8時間攪拌することで、式(I)で示される化合物の無水和物結晶を析出させスラリーを得た。得られたスラリーに水(7.18g)を加え25℃に冷却し、ろ過することで、式(I)で示される化合物の無水和物結晶(7.18g、90%粒子径:169.84μm)を得た。
ろ過後のろ液及び得られた結晶に含まれる式(III)で示される化合物の含有割合の合計量は252.5ppmであり、晶析操作中の式(III)で示される化合物の含有割合の増加量は、252.5-82.0=170.5ppmであった。
湿式粉砕機による湿式粉砕処理工程を含む実施例1は、湿式粉砕機による湿式粉砕処理工程を含まない参考例2及び3に比べ、晶析操作中の式(III)で示される化合物の含有割合の増加量が少なかった。このことから、湿式粉砕機による湿式粉砕処理工程によって、晶析操作中の式(III)で示される化合物の含有割合の増加量を抑制できることが分かった。
これは、湿式粉砕機による湿式粉砕処理工程によって、結晶の核形成を促進し、式(I)で示される化合物の無水和物結晶の晶析時間を短縮できたためと推測される。
湿式粉砕処理工程を50℃から25℃に変更することで、式(I)で示される化合物の結晶の晶析時間を短縮することができた。実施例4と実施例1を比べると、短縮時間は半分であるが、式(III)で示される化合物の含有割合の増加量の抑制効果は非常に高かった。このことから、晶析操作中の式(III)で示される化合物の含有割合の増加量を抑制には、低温晶析及び/又は二水和物結晶の経由による効果もあったと推測される。
(実施例8)式(I)で示される化合物を含有する医薬組成物の製造
実施例4と同様の方法で製造した式(I)で示される化合物を、表8に示した処方で、湿式造粒することによって、式(I)で示される化合物等を含有する医薬組成物を製造した。
素錠に、OPADRY ORANGE 03A430007(日本カラコン合同会社)、クエン酸トリエチル(MERCK)を被覆し、コーティング錠を製造した。1錠当たりのコーティング被膜量は素錠質量に対して2%(w/w)(19.8mg/錠)とした。
(混合条件)
・袋混合
・左右10回ずつ
(造粒条件)
・連続湿式造粒機:CTS―MG100
・センターブレード回転数: 5000min―1
・スクレーパー回転数: 50min―1
・造粒水分:20%
・処理速度:20kg/h(調合末として)
・乾燥機:CTS―FD―01W
・給気温度:75℃(設定温度)
・給気風量:1.2m3/min
・乾燥減量:1.0%以下
・整粒機:QC―197S
・スクリーン:目開き1.143mm,丸穴
・インペラ回転数:2000min―1
・インペラ形状:丸型
(滑沢剤混合の条件1)
・袋混合
・左右10回ずつ
・打錠機:ABM100S型静的圧縮機
・杵:直径17.6×9.2mmオーバル型 CrNコーティング
・LOAD SPEED:2.0F.S./min (F.S.=10kN)
・HOLD TIME:1秒
・HOLD POINT:11.0kN~14.0kN
・ハイコーターラボ(フロイント産業株式会社)
・仕込み量 約250~300g
・送風温度:50~60℃ (設定温度)
・給気風量:0.8m3/min
・パン内静圧:-50Pa以下
・スプレー圧:0.3MPa
・流量計表示:30 NL/min
・スプレーガン:NAT-2型、1本 (ノズルキャップ径:2mm、ノズル径:1.0mm)
・パン回転数:20 min-1
・液速度:1.5~3.0g/min
・スプレー距離:錠剤表面まで約10~15cm
・コーティング終点:錠剤平均質量増加18.2mg以上
乾式粉砕した式(I)で示される化合物を、表10に示した処方で、湿式練合及び/又は湿式造粒することによって、式(I)で示される化合物等を含有する医薬組成物を製造した。
素錠に、OPADRY ORANGE 03A430007(日本カラコン合同会社)、クエン酸トリエチル(MERCK)を被覆し、コーティング錠を製造した。1錠当たりのコーティング被膜量は素錠質量に対して4%(w/w)(6.0mg/錠)とした。
(混合条件)
・混合機:10型ハイスピードミキサー
・アジテーター回転数: 250±20min―1
・混合時間:30~35秒
(造粒条件)
・造粒機:10型ハイスピードミキサー
・アジテーター回転数:250±20min―1
・チョッパー回転数:2500±100min―1
・造粒水分:23%
・液注加速度:90~94g/min
・液注加後攪拌時間:0.5~1.5分
・整粒機:P―3型パワーミル
・バスケット:へリンボン2.5mm
・回転数:2,000±50min―1
・羽:スポイラー羽
(乾燥条件)
・乾燥機:GPCG5型 流動層造粒機
・給気温度:65℃(設定温度)
・給気風量:0.5~5.0m3/min
・乾燥減量:1.0%以下
・乾燥機:P―3型パワーミル
・バスケット:金網18mesh
・回転数:3000±50min―1
・羽根:スポイラー羽根
(滑沢剤混合)
・混合機:22L V型混合器
・回転数:35±1.0min―1
・混合時間:1~3分
・打錠機:LIBRA836BK-AWCZ型打錠機
・杵:直径7.0mm2段R(13×2.3) CrNコーティング
・杵立数:12本
・回転数:30±2.0min―1
・フィードシュー:オープン
・AQC-48型アクアコーター
・仕込み量 約3.7~5.1kg
・送風温度:50~70℃(設定温度)
・給気風量:3.5±0.5m3/min
・パン内静圧:0Pa以下
・スプレー圧:0.5±0.1MPa
・流量計表示(アトマイジング):60 ± 20 NL/min
・流量計表示(パターン):40 ± 20 NL/min
・スプレーガン:NAT-2型、1本(ノズルキャップ型番:015、ノズル径:1.0mm)
・パン回転数:6~15min-1
・液速度:8~14g/min
・スプレー距離:錠剤表面まで約15~20cm
・コーティング終点:錠剤平均質量増加5.5mg以上
(試験例6)医薬組成物の安定性試験
標準溶液の調製、試料溶液の調製、総類縁物質量測定法及び計算式は、以下の方法で実施した。
(標準溶液の調製)
以下の方法で、式(III)で示される化合物の標準試料を作成した。
工程1:式(III)で示される化合物を約20mg精密に量り、アセトニトリル/水混液 (4:1)を加えて溶かし、正確に100mLとした。
工程2:工程1の液1mLを正確にとり、アセトニトリル/水混液(4:1)を加えて正確に100mLとした。
工程3:工程2の液1mLを正確にとり、アセトニトリル/水混液(4:1)を加えて正確に100mLとした。
工程4:工程3の液5mLを正確にとり、アセトニトリル/水混液(4:1)を加えて正確に20mLとし、標準溶液とした。
工程1:300mg錠1錠を300mLメスフラスコに加えた。
工程2:工程1に、水60mLを加え、10分間激しく振とうし、錠剤を完全に崩壊させた。必要に応じて振とう時間を延長した。
工程3:工程2にアセトニトリル150mLを加え、30分間激しく振とうした。
工程4:冷後、アセトニトリルを加えて正確に300mLとし、液の一部を13000rpmで10分間遠心分離し、上澄みを試料溶液とした。
工程1:50mg錠1錠を50mLメスフラスコに加えた。
工程2:工程1に、水10mLを加え、10分間超音波照射して完全に崩壊させた。必要に応じて超音波照射時間を延長した。
工程3:工程2にアセトニトリル25mLを加え、30分間超音波照射した。
工程4:冷後、アセトニトリルを加えて正確に50mLとし、液の一部を13000rpmで10分間遠心分離し、上澄みを試料溶液とした。
以下の方法、条件によって、液体クロマトグラフで、式(III)で示される化合物の量を測定した。
・測定機器:Agilent製LC/MS/MS (PM No.AES676)
・カラム:L-Column24.6×150mm、3μm
・カラム温度:35℃付近の一定温度
・移動相A:10mM酢酸アンモニウム
・移動相B:液体クロマトグラフィー用アセトニトリル
・移動相の送液:移動相A及び移動相Bの混合比を表12のように変えて濃度勾配制御した。
・ポストランタイム:5分
・流量:0.5mL/min (式(III)で示される化合物の保持時間約9分)
・注入量:5μL
・サンプルクーラー温度:10℃付近の一定温度
・ニードル洗浄液:液体クロマトグラフィー用アセトニトリル
・イオン化法:ESI
・スキャンタイプ:MRM
・極性:ポジティブ
・プレカーサーイオン:m/z=187.2
・プロダクトイオン:m/z=64.9
・フラグメンター:120
・コリジョンエネルギー:33
・キャピラリー:4000V
・ガス温度:350℃
・ガス流量:12L/min
・ネブライザー:40psi
・MS取込み時間:0~12分
(数5)
式(III)で示される化合物の含量(ppm) = MS × P/100 × (100-WS)/100 × AT/AS × 1/C × D × 1000000
MS:式(III)で示される化合物の秤取量(mg)
P:式(III)で示される化合物の純度(%)
WS:式(III)で示される化合物の水分(%)
AS:標準溶液から得られる式(III)で示される化合物のピーク面積
AT:試料溶液から得られる式(III)で示される化合物のピーク面積
C:式(I)で示される化合物等の理論含量(50mg錠:50、300mg錠:300)
D:希釈倍率(50mg錠:1/80000、300mg錠:1/480000)
実施例8-1~8-4の検体について、経時保存品中の式(III)で示される化合物の量を表13に示す。表中、Mは月を表す。
湿式粉砕した式(I)で示される化合物等を含有する医薬組成物中における、式(I)で示される化合物等の量に対する、式(III)で示される化合物の含有割合は、実施例8-1~8-3の試験開始時が1.6ppmであった。40±2℃相対湿度75±5%、遮光の条件下で1ヵ月保存後は、実施例8-1が1.6ppm、実施例8-2が1.7ppm、実施例8-3が1.6ppmであった。この結果より、本発明の医薬組成物が、40±2℃相対湿度75±5%、1ヵ月の条件下で安定性試験において、式(I)で示される化合物等の量に対する、式(III)で示される化合物の含有割合が、0.0001~10ppmとなることが確認された。
40±2℃相対湿度75±5%、遮光の条件下で6ヵ月保存後は、実施例8-1が2.4ppm、実施例8-2が2.1ppm、実施例8-3が2.0ppmであった。この結果より、本発明の医薬組成物が、40±2℃相対湿度75±5%、6ヵ月の条件下で安定性試験において、式(I)で示される化合物等の量に対する、式(III)で示される化合物の含有割合が、0.0001~30ppmとなることが確認された。
上記参考例Iに従って得られた式(I)で示される化合物の無水物の結晶を、カウンタージェットミル(100AFG、ホソカワミクロン)にて乾式粉砕し、検体を得た。
参考例4の検体を乳鉢に測りとり、適量の精製水を加えて、乳棒で湿式練合を行った。得られた造粒物を20メッシュの金網で篩過し、通気式乾燥機(TH-80、佐竹化学機械)にて通気温度60℃で30分間乾燥を行った。その後、20メッシュの金網で篩過し、検体を得た。
実施例9及び参考例4で得られた検体について、経時保存品中の安定性を評価した。
60℃ガラス瓶密栓、40℃ガラス瓶密栓及び40℃/75%RHガラス瓶開栓の条件下で保存安定性試験を行い、式(III)で示される化合物の含有量を評価した。
(標準溶液の調製)
以下の方法で、式(III)で示される化合物5ng/mL(試料溶液に対して5ppmに相当)の標準試料を作成した。
工程1:式(III)で示される化合物を約20mg精密に量り、アセトニトリル/水混液 (4:1)を加えて溶かし、正確に100mLとした。
工程2:工程1の液1mLを正確にとり、アセトニトリル/水混液(4:1)を加えて正確に100mLとした。
工程3:工程2の液1mLを正確にとり、アセトニトリル/水混液(4:1)を加えて正確に100mLとした。
工程4:工程3の液5mLを正確にとり、アセトニトリル/水混液(4:1)を加えて正確に20mLとし、標準溶液とした。
以下の方法で、試料溶液の調製を行った。
工程1:式(I)で示される化合物等が50mgに相当する量の試料を50mLメスフラスコに加えた。
工程2:工程1に、水10mLを加え、10分間超音波照射して完全に崩壊させた。必要に応じて超音波照射時間を延長した。
工程3:工程2にアセトニトリル25mLを加え、30分間超音波照射した。
工程4:冷後、アセトニトリルを加えて正確に50mLとし、液の一部を13000rpmで10分間遠心分離し、上澄みを試料溶液とした。
(総類縁物質量測定法)
以下の方法、条件によって、液体クロマトグラフで、式(III)で示される化合物の量を測定した。
・測定機器:Agilent製LC/MS/MS (PM No.AES676)
・カラム:L-Column24.6×150mm、3μm
・カラム温度:35℃付近の一定温度
・移動相A:10mM酢酸アンモニウム
・移動相B:液体クロマトグラフィー用アセトニトリル
・移動相の送液:移動相A及び移動相Bの混合比を表14のように変えて濃度勾配制御した。
・ポストランタイム:5分
・流量:0.5mL/min (S202AAの保持時間約9分)
・注入量:5μL
・サンプルクーラー温度:10℃付近の一定温度
・ニードル洗浄液:液体クロマトグラフィー用アセトニトリル
・イオン化法:ESI
・スキャンタイプ:MRM
・極性:ポジティブ
・プレカーサーイオン:m/z=187.2
・プロダクトイオン:m/z=64.9
・フラグメンター:120
・コリジョンエネルギー:33
・キャピラリー:4000V
・ガス温度:350℃
・ガス流量:12L/min
・ネブライザー:40psi
・MS取込み時間:0~12分
(数6)
式(III)で示される化合物の含量(ppm) = MS × P/100 × (100-WS)/100 × AT/AS × 1/50 × 1/80000 × 1000000
MS:式(III)で示される化合物の秤取量(mg)
P:式(III)で示される化合物の純度(%)
WS:式(III)で示される化合物の水分(%)
AS:標準溶液から得られる式(III)で示される化合物のピーク面積
AT:試料溶液から得られる式(III)で示される化合物のピーク面積
実施例9及び参考例4の、経時保存品中の式(III)で示される化合物の量を表15に示す。その結果、湿式練合した実施例9の検体は、参考例4の検体と比較して、式(III)で示される化合物量の増加が抑制されていた。このことから、式(I)で示される化合物等を湿式練合及び/又は湿式造粒を行うことにより、安定性が向上することを見出した。表中、Wは週を表し、Mは月を表す。他の表においても同様である。
参考例4の検体においては、40℃/75%RHガラス瓶開栓の条件において、1ヵ月保存で、式(I)で示される化合物等の量に対する、式(III)で示される化合物の含有割合が13.1ppmであった。一方、実施例9の検体においては、6.4ppmであった。この結果より、本発明の医薬組成物が、40±2℃相対湿度75±5%(ガラス瓶開栓)1ヵ月の条件下で安定性試験において、式(I)で示される化合物等の量に対する、式(III)で示される化合物の含有割合が、0.0001~10ppmとなることが確認された。
参考例4の検体においては、40℃/75%RHガラス瓶開栓の条件において、3ヵ月の保存で、式(I)で示される化合物等の量に対する、式(III)で示される化合物の含有割合が19.7ppmであった。一方、実施例9の検体においては、7.1ppmであった。上記の結果より、この結果より、本発明の医薬組成物が、40±2℃相対湿度75±5%(ガラス瓶開栓)6ヵ月の条件下で安定性試験においても、式(I)で示される化合物等の量に対する、式(III)で示される化合物の含有割合が、0.0001~30ppmとなることが強く示唆された。
実施例9及び参考例4の検体の示差走査熱量測定(DSC)を実施した。
(示差走査熱量測定(DSC))
アルミニウムパンに試料約10mgを量り、簡易密封して測定した。測定条件を以下に示す。なお、示差走査熱量(DSC)による測定は±2℃の範囲内で誤差が生じうる。
装置:TA Instruments Discovery
測定温度範囲:25℃―250℃
昇温速度:10℃/分
雰囲気:N2 50mL/分
実施例9及び参考例4の検体の示差走査熱量測定(DSC)測定の結果を、図5及び6に示す。図6に示すように、参考例4の検体においては、約75℃付近から発熱ピーク(ピークトップ値は114℃)が確認され、結晶化による発熱が起きたと考えられる。つまり、参考例4の検体において、式(I)で示される化合物等に、非晶質が僅かに含まれていたと考えられる。
一方で、図5に示すように、参考例4の検体を湿式練合した実施例9では、発熱ピークは確認されず、非晶質は示差走査熱量測定(DSC)の検出限界以下であった。すなわち、実施例9の検体において非晶質の量が減少していた。従って、実施例9の検体においては、式(I)で示される化合物等に含まれていた非晶質が、湿式練合工程で結晶化したものと考えられる。
一般的に、非晶質は結晶に比べて安定性が低いため、湿式練合工程で非晶質の量が減少したことにより、式(III)で示される化合物の含量の増加が抑制されたと考えられる。
式(I)で示される化合物等と添加剤について配合性試験を実施し、経時保存品中の式(III)で示される化合物の量を評価した。参考例4で用いられた検体及び添加剤を測りとり、乳鉢、乳棒で均一に混合した。混合物に適量の精製水を加えて、乳棒で湿式練合を行った。得られた造粒物を20メッシュの金網で篩過し、通気式乾燥機(TH-80、佐竹化学機械)にて通気温度60℃で30分間乾燥を行った。その後、さらに20メッシュの金網で篩過し、実施例10~14の検体を得た。各検体の添加剤と式(I)で示される化合物の配合比は、表16の通りである。
(添加剤)
添加剤としては、クエン酸トリエチル(Merck)、中鎖脂肪酸トリグリセリド ミグリオール812(CREMER OLEO)(以下、ミグリオールという。)、マクロゴール6000(日油)、無水乳糖 24AN(DFE Pharma)、ヒドロキシプロピルセルロースSL(日本曹達)を使用した。
実施例10~14の検体について、60℃ガラス瓶密栓(表17では、60℃密栓という。)及び40℃ガラス瓶密栓(表17では、40℃密栓という。)の条件下で保存安定性試験を行い、式(III)で示される化合物の含有量を評価した。
式(III)で示される化合物の含有量は、試験例7と同様の方法で確認した。
実施例9及び参考例4と共に、実施例10~14の検体の経時保存品中の式(III)で示される化合物の量を表17に示す。その結果、式(III)で示される化合物の含量は、添加剤の種類によって、添加剤を加えていない実施例9の検体よりも、増減した。クエン酸トリエチル、ミグリオール及びマクロゴール6000は、添加剤を加えていない実施例9よりも、経時保存品中の式(III)で示される化合物の量の増加を抑制していた。クエン酸トリエチル、ミグリオール及びマクロゴール6000は、安定化剤として有用である可能性が示唆された。無水乳糖、ヒドロキシプロピルセルロースSLを加えた実施例13及び14においても、参考例4の検体よりも、経時保存品中の式(III)で示される化合物の量の増加を抑制していた。
試験例9の結果から、式(III)で示される化合物の増加量が低かった、クエン酸トリエチル及びミグリオールを選択し、乳鉢スケールで、10mg錠及び50mg錠の製剤処方検討及び製造方法の検討を行った。なお、賦形剤として無水乳糖 24AN(DFE Pharma社)を用い、結合剤としてヒドロキシプロピルセルロースSL(日本曹達)を用い、崩壊剤として低置換度ヒドロキシプロピルセルロース LH21(信越化学工業)を用い、滑沢剤としてステアリン酸マグネシウム 植物性(MALLINCKRODT)を用いた。
参考例4の検体10mg、及びクエン酸トリエチル若しくはミグリオールを含有する錠剤を乳鉢スケールで製造した。
(素錠の製造方法)
表18及び表19に、1錠剤あたりの処方を示す。式(I)で示される化合物、無水乳糖 24AN(DFE Pharma社)及び低置換度ヒドロキシプロピルセルロース LH21(信越化学工業)を測りとり、乳鉢、乳棒で均一に混合した。ヒドロキシプロピルセルロースSL(日本曹達)及びクエン酸トリエチル(MERCK)若しくはミグリオール(CREMER OLEO)を精製水に溶解し、当該造粒液を乳鉢の混合物に加えて乳棒で練合した。さらに、精製水を少量ずつ加えて練合し、造粒物を得た。なお、造粒時の水分は、約20%に調整した。造粒物を20メッシュの金網で篩過し、通気式乾燥機(TH-80、佐竹化学機械)にて通気温度60℃で乾燥を行った。乾燥後、さらに20メッシュの金網で篩過し、調粒した。整粒物とステアリン酸マグネシウム 植物性(MALLINCKRODT)を瓶混合し、静的圧縮機(ABM100S型、JTトーシ製)にて錠剤を製造した。
実施例15~25の検体について、60℃ガラス瓶密栓(表20では、60℃密栓という。)、40℃ガラス瓶密栓(表20では、40℃密栓という。)及び40℃/75%RHガラス瓶開栓(表20では、40℃/75%RH開栓という。)の条件下で保存安定性試験を行い、式(III)で示される化合物の含有量を評価した。
試料溶液の調製及び計算式は以下方法で行い、標準溶液の調製及び総類縁物質量測定法は試験例7と同様の方法で実施した。
(試料溶液の調製)
以下の方法で、試料溶液の調製を行った。
工程1:10mg錠1錠を10mLメスフラスコに加えた。
工程2:工程1に、水2mLを加え、10分間超音波照射して完全に崩壊させた。必要に応じて超音波照射時間を延長した。
工程3:工程2にアセトニトリル5mLを加え、30分間超音波照射した。
工程4:冷後、アセトニトリルを加えて正確に10mLとし、液の一部を13000rpmで10分間遠心分離し、上澄みを試料溶液とした。
(数7)
式(III)で示される化合物の含量(ppm) = MS × P/100 × (100-WS)/100 × AT/AS × 1/C × D × 1000000
MS:式(III)で示される化合物の秤取量(mg)
P:式(III)で示される化合物の純度(%)
WS:式(III)で示される化合物の水分(%)
AS:標準溶液から得られる式(III)で示される化合物のピーク面積
AT:試料溶液から得られる式(III)で示される化合物のピーク面積
C:式(I)で示される化合物等の理論含量(10mg錠:10、50mg錠:50)
D:希釈倍率(10mg錠:1/400000、50mg錠:1/80000)
実施例15~25の検体について、経時保存品中の式(III)で示される化合物の量を測定した結果を表20及び表21に示す。クエン酸トリエチル及びミグリオールを配合していない実施例15は経時的に式(III)で示される化合物の増加を認めたが、クエン酸トリエチル及びミグリオールを配合した錠剤はいずれも式(III)で示される化合物の増加を抑制していた。
実施例15、18及び19の検体、並びに実施例18の検体を60℃ガラス瓶密栓、40℃ガラス瓶密栓及び40℃/75%RHガラス瓶開栓の条件下で保管した検体について、溶出試験を実施した。
(製剤の溶出試験法)
日本薬局方の溶出試験法(第2法、パドル法)にて、式(I)で示される化合物の溶出率を測定した。溶出試験法で使用した液は、溶出第2液を使用し、パドルの回転数は、50rpmとした。
図7に、実施例15、18及び19の検体について、安定性試験開始時の溶出プロファイルを示す。クエン酸トリエチルを配合した実施18及び19の溶出プロファイルは、クエン酸トリエチルを配合していない実施例15と同等であり、クエン酸トリエチルの配合による溶出低下は確認されなかった。
また、実施例18の検体を、60℃ガラス瓶密栓で2週間(図8では、60℃/密栓/2週間という。)、40℃ガラス瓶密栓で1ヵ月(図8では、40℃/密栓/1ヵ月という。)、及び40℃/75%RHガラス瓶開栓で1ヵ月(図8では、40℃75%RH/開栓/1ヵ月という。)保管後に、溶出試験を実施した。この溶出プロファイルを図8に示すが、いずれの保管品も、安定性試験開始時の溶出プロファイルと変化を同等であった。
実施例15~20、21及び22の検体について、錠剤硬度を評価した。
(錠剤硬度)
錠剤硬度計(TBH200型、ERWEKA)を用いて測定し、2~10錠の平均値を算出した。
実施例15~20の圧縮圧と錠剤硬度の関係を図9に、実施例15、21及び22の圧縮圧と錠剤硬度の関係を図10に示す。クエン酸トリエチル配合錠は、クエン酸トリエチルの配合量によらず,錠剤硬度はほぼ一定であった。
参考例4の検体50mg及びクエン酸トリエチルを含有する錠剤を乳鉢スケールで製造し、経時保存品中の式(III)で示される化合物の量、溶出試験及び錠剤物性を評価した。
(素錠の製造方法)
表22に示した1錠剤あたりの処方で、10mg錠を製造した時と同様の方法で錠剤を製造した。
実施例26、27-1~27-5の検体について、60℃ガラス瓶密栓(表23では、60℃密栓という。)、40℃ガラス瓶密栓(表23では、40℃密栓という。)及び40℃/75%RHガラス瓶開栓(表23では、40℃/75%RH開栓という。)の条件下で保存安定性試験を行い、式(III)で示される化合物の含有量を評価した。
試料溶液の調製は以下方法で行い、標準溶液の調製、総類縁物質量測定法及び計算式は試験例10と同様の方法で確認した。
(試料溶液の調製)
以下の方法で、試料溶液の調製を行った。
工程1:50mg錠1錠を50mLメスフラスコに加えた。
工程2:工程1に、水10mLを加え、10分間激しく振とうし,錠剤を完全に崩壊させた。必要に応じて振とう時間を延長した。
工程3:工程2にアセトニトリル25mLを加え、30分間激しく振とうした。
工程4:冷後、アセトニトリルを加えて正確に50mLとし、液の一部を13000rpmで10分間遠心分離し、上澄みを試料溶液とした。
実施例26、27-1~27-5の検体を60℃ガラス瓶密栓2週間保管、40℃ガラス瓶密栓1ヵ月保管又は40℃/75%RHガラス瓶開栓保管し、保管後の式(III)で示される化合物の量を測定した結果について、表23に示す。その結果、クエン酸トリエチルを配合していない実施例26の検体においては、式(III)で示される化合物が増加したが、クエン酸トリエチルを配合した実施例27-1~27-5の錠剤においては、いずれも式(III)で示される化合物の増加が抑制されていた。
クエン酸トリエチルを配合した実施例27-1~27-3について、試験例12と同様の方法で錠剤硬度を評価した。
(結果)
実施例27-1~27-3の圧縮圧と錠剤硬度の関係を図20に示す。
(実施例28-1~35-2)撹拌造粒機での錠剤の製造
乳鉢スケールでの検討結果から候補とした処方をもとに、撹拌造粒機へのスケールアップ及び造粒水分の検討を行った。
(製造方法)
式(I)で示される化合物等として参考例4の検体を用いて、10mg及び50mg含有する錠剤(素錠及びコーティング錠)を、表24に示した処方で製造した。
なお、造粒時の造粒水分は、表25に示す通り、17、20、22及び25%(w/w)と変化させ,各造粒水分で造粒物をサンプリングし、得られた顆粒を静的圧縮により素錠(実施例28-1、29-1、30-1、31-1、32-1、33-1、34-1及び35-1)を製造した。
素錠に、OPADRY ORANGE 03A430007(日本カラコン合同会社)、クエン酸トリエチル(MERCK)を被覆し、コーティング錠(実施例28-2、29-2、30-2、31-2、32-2、33-2、34-2及び35-2)を製造した。1錠当たりのコーティング被膜量は素錠質量に対して4%(w/w)(6.0mg/錠)とした。
(混合条件)
・混合機:10型ハイスピードミキサー
・アジテーター回転数: 250±20min―1
・混合時間:0.5~1分
(造粒条件)
・造粒機:10型ハイスピードミキサー
・アジテーター回転数: 250±20min―1
・チョッパー回転数: 2500±100min―1
・造粒水分:17~25%
・液注加速度:83~94g/min
・液注加後攪拌時間:0.5~2分
・マッシング時間:1~2分±5秒
・整粒機:P―3型パワーミル
・バスケット:へリンボン2.5mm
・回転数:2,000±50min―1
・羽:スポイラー羽
(乾燥条件)
・乾燥機:WSG2型&5型 流動層造粒機(2型)
・給気温度:60℃(設定温度)
・給気動圧:5~8 Pa
・バグフィルター:T611E
・乾燥減量:1.0%以下
・乾燥機:P―3型パワーミル
・バスケット:金網16mesh
・回転数:2000±50、3000±50min―1
・羽根:スポイラー羽根
(滑沢剤混合の条件1)
・袋混合/瓶混合
・左右10回ずつ/瓶内上下10回ずつ
(滑沢剤混合の条件2)
・混合機:8L V型混合器
・回転数:40±1.0min―1
・混合時間:1.1~3.2分
・打錠機:ABM100S型静的圧縮機
・杵:直径7.0mm2段R(13×2.3) CrNコーティング
・LOAD SPEED:2.0F.S./min (F.S.=10kN)
・HOLD TIME:1秒
・HOLD POINT:3.5kN~9.0kN
(打錠条件2)
・打錠機:LIBRA836BK-AWCZ型打錠機
・杵:直径7.0 mm2段R(13×2.3) CrNコーティング
・杵立数:6本
・回転数:30±2.0 min―1
・フィードシュー:オープン
・乾燥機:HCT48型ハイコーター
・仕込み量:約2.5kg
・送風温度:60℃ (設定温度)
・給気風量 (差圧) :300Pa
・排気風量 (差圧) :150Pa
・噴霧空気量:約80 NL/min
・スプレー圧:0.8MPa
・キャップ:120SS、ノズル:2850
・パン回転数:20 min-1
・液速度:10~14g/min
・スプレー距離:錠剤表面まで約13~16cm
・コーティング終点:錠剤平均質量増加5.5mg以上
・AQC-48型アクアコーター
・仕込み量 約2.5~4.6kg
・送風温度:47~65℃ (設定温度)
・給気風量:3.5±0.5m3/min
・パン内静圧:0Pa以下
・スプレー圧:0.5±0.1MPa
・流量計表示:108 ± 40 NL/min
・スプレーガン:NAT-2型、1本 (ノズルキャップ型番:015、ノズル径:1.0mm)
・パン回転数:6~15 min-1
・液速度:8~16g/min
・スプレー距離:錠剤表面まで約16cm
・コーティング終点:錠剤平均質量増加5.5mg以上
錠剤を、ガラス瓶、DUMAボトル(プラスチック容器、GERRESHEIMER)及びシリカゲルを入れたDUMAボトルに包装し、60℃及び40℃/75%RHで保存安定性試験を行った。
式(III)で示される化合物の含有量は、試験例10又は試験例13と同様の方法で確認した。
実施例29-1、29-2、31-1、31-2、33-1、33-2、35-1及び35-2について、60℃密栓2週間保管及び40℃2ヵ月保管品の、式(III)で示される化合物の量(ppm)を表26及び27に示す。その結果、式(III)で示される化合物の量は、試験開始時から最大で4ppm増加であり、スケールアップにおいても、安定化効果を確認した。造粒水分は、造粒水分が20%(w/w)よりも25%(w/w)の方が、式(III)で示される化合物の増加が抑えられていたが、いずれの造粒水分でも安定化効果を確認した。包装形態の比較では、明確な効果はみられたかった。また、素錠とコーティング錠では、式(III)で示される化合物の量は同等であった。
造粒水分を変えた、実施例28-1、29-1、30-1並びに31-1(10mg錠)及び実施例32-1、33-1、34-1並びに35-1(50mg錠)の検体について、試験例11の製剤の溶出試験法と同様の方法で溶出試験を実施した。
実施例28-1、29-1、30-1及び31-1(10mg錠)の溶出プロファイルを図12に、実施例32-1、33-1、34-1及び35-1(50mg錠)の溶出プロファイルを図13に示す。いずれの造粒水分でも15分で90%以上の速やかな溶出性を示し、造粒水分の違いによる溶出性への影響は小さかった。
造粒水分が20%(w/w)である実施例29-1、29-2、33-1及び33-2、並びに造粒水分25%(w/w)である実施例31-1、31-2、35-1及び35-2について、試験例11の製剤の溶出試験法と同様の方法で溶出試験を実施した。
実施例29-1、29-2、31-1及び31-2の溶出プロファイルを図14に、実施例33-1、33-2、35-1及び35-2の溶出プロファイルを図15に示す。10mg錠、50mg錠ともに、コーティングによる溶出への影響は小さかった。
Claims (35)
- 式(I)で示される化合物、その製薬上許容される塩又はこれらの溶媒和物を湿式練合及び/又は湿式造粒する工程を含む、請求項1記載の医薬組成物の製造方法。
- 40±2℃相対湿度75±5%(ガラス瓶開栓)1ヵ月の条件下で安定性試験した場合に、式(III)で示される化合物が検出されないか、式(I)で示される化合物、その製薬上許容される塩又はこれらの溶媒和物の量に対する、式(III)で示される化合物の含有割合が、0.0001~10ppmである、請求項3記載の製造方法。
- 湿式練合及び/又は湿式造粒に用いる式(I)で示される化合物、その製薬上許容される塩又は該当溶媒和物が、乾式粉砕することにより得られたものである、請求項2~4のいずれかに記載の医薬組成物の製造方法。
- 式(I)で示される化合物、その製薬上許容される塩又はこれらの溶媒和物を湿式粉砕する工程を含む、請求項1記載の医薬組成物の製造方法。
- 40±2℃相対湿度75±5%(ガラス瓶開栓)1ヵ月の条件下で安定性試験した場合に、式(III)で示される化合物が検出されないか、式(I)で示される化合物、その製薬上許容される塩又はこれらの溶媒和物の量に対する、式(III)で示される化合物の含有割合が、0.0001~10ppmである、請求項8記載の医薬組成物。
- クエン酸トリエチル、ミグリオール、トリアセチン、マクロゴール6000、ポリソルベート20、ポリソルベート60、ポリソルベート80、ゴマ油、トウモロコシ油、オリーブ油及びダイズ油からなる群から選択される1以上を素錠中又は素顆粒中に含有する、請求項10記載の医薬組成物。
- クエン酸トリエチル、ミグリオール及びトリアセチンからなる群から選択される1以上を素錠中又は素顆粒中に含有する、請求項11記載の医薬組成物。
- クエン酸トリエチルを素錠中又は素顆粒中に含有する、請求項12記載の医薬組成物。
- ヒドロキシカルボン酸エステル類、多価アルコールエステル及び/又はポリエーテルの量が、錠剤又は顆粒剤全量に対し、0.01~10重量%である、請求項10~13のいずれかに記載の医薬組成物。
- ヒドロキシカルボン酸エステル類、多価アルコールエステル及び/又はポリエーテルの量が、式(I)で示される化合物、その製薬上許容される塩又はこれらの溶媒和物1重量部に対し、0.0001~0.5重量部である、請求項10~13のいずれかに記載の医薬組成物。
- 乳糖、低置換度ヒドロキシプロピルセルロース及びヒドロキシプロピルセルロースからなる群から選択される1又はそれ以上を含有する、請求項10~15のいずれかに記載の医薬組成物。
- 得られた結晶が、40±2℃相対湿度75±5%(ガラス瓶開栓)1ヵ月の条件下で安定性試験した場合に、式(III)で示される化合物が検出されないか、式(I)で示される化合物、その製薬上許容される塩又はこれらの溶媒和物の量に対する、式(III)で示される化合物の含有割合が、0.0001~10ppmである、請求項18記載の製造方法。
- 得られた結晶の90%粒子径が100μm以下である、請求項17~19のいずれかに記載の製造方法。
- 得られた結晶が式(I)で示される化合物の無水和物結晶である、請求項17~20のいずれかに記載の製造方法。
- 式(I)で示される化合物の無水和物結晶及び/又は非晶質を湿式粉砕することを特徴とする、請求項17~21のいずれかに記載の製造方法。
- 過飽和溶液を湿式粉砕することを特徴とする、請求項17~21のいずれかに記載の製造方法。
- 過飽和溶液から結晶の核を形成する工程、前記工程で得られた核を結晶成長させる工程、
核形成及び結晶成長を制御する工程並びに結晶を微細化する工程を含む、請求項23記載の製造方法。 - 過飽和溶液から式(I)で示される化合物の二水和物結晶を製造する工程、前記工程で得られる結晶から式(I)で示される化合物の無水和物結晶を製造する工程及び前記工程で得られる結晶の90%粒子径を100μm以下にする工程を含む、請求項24記載の製造方法。
- 過飽和溶液から式(I)で示される化合物の二水和物結晶を製造する工程を25±5℃で行う、請求項25記載の製造方法。
- 式(I)で示される化合物の二水和物結晶から式(I)で示される化合物の無水和物結晶を製造する工程が、加熱及び冷却する工程を含む、請求項25又は26記載の製造方法。
- 湿式粉砕工程の溶媒が、水、メタノール及び2ープロパノールからなる群から選択される1以上の溶媒を含む、請求項17~27のいずれかに記載の製造方法。
- 40±2℃相対湿度75±5%(ガラス瓶開栓)1ヵ月の条件下で安定性試験した場合に、式(III)で示される化合物が検出されないか、式(I)で示される化合物、その製薬上許容される塩又はこれらの溶媒和物の量に対する、式(III)で示される化合物の含有割合が、0.0001~10ppmである、請求項30記載の結晶。
- 式(I)で示される化合物の無水和物結晶である、請求項29~31のいずれかに記載の結晶。
- 回折角度(2θ):15.8±0.2°、19.4±0.2°、21.7±0.2°、23.9±0.2°及び25.4±0.2°、又は回折角度(2θ):7.9±0.2°、9.3±0.2°、12.9±0.2°、15.8±0.2°及び19.4±0.2°に特徴的な粉末X線回析ピークを示す、請求項32記載の結晶。
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