WO2021227798A1 - 一种通信方法及装置 - Google Patents

一种通信方法及装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021227798A1
WO2021227798A1 PCT/CN2021/088685 CN2021088685W WO2021227798A1 WO 2021227798 A1 WO2021227798 A1 WO 2021227798A1 CN 2021088685 W CN2021088685 W CN 2021088685W WO 2021227798 A1 WO2021227798 A1 WO 2021227798A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
information
time
packet
duration
moment
Prior art date
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PCT/CN2021/088685
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
强鹂
余芳
张向东
Original Assignee
华为技术有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by 华为技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为技术有限公司
Priority to EP21803834.7A priority Critical patent/EP4138489A4/en
Priority to KR1020227042229A priority patent/KR20230005355A/ko
Priority to JP2022567733A priority patent/JP7404613B2/ja
Publication of WO2021227798A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021227798A1/zh
Priority to US17/986,557 priority patent/US11870680B2/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
    • H04L45/12—Shortest path evaluation
    • H04L45/121—Shortest path evaluation by minimising delays
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W56/00—Synchronisation arrangements
    • H04W56/001—Synchronization between nodes
    • H04W56/002—Mutual synchronization
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/20—Control channels or signalling for resource management
    • H04W72/21—Control channels or signalling for resource management in the uplink direction of a wireless link, i.e. towards the network
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L47/00—Traffic control in data switching networks
    • H04L47/10—Flow control; Congestion control
    • H04L47/28—Flow control; Congestion control in relation to timing considerations
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
    • H04L45/42—Centralised routing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
    • H04L45/56—Routing software
    • H04L45/566—Routing instructions carried by the data packet, e.g. active networks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L47/00—Traffic control in data switching networks
    • H04L47/70—Admission control; Resource allocation
    • H04L47/72—Admission control; Resource allocation using reservation actions during connection setup
    • H04L47/724—Admission control; Resource allocation using reservation actions during connection setup at intermediate nodes, e.g. resource reservation protocol [RSVP]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L47/00—Traffic control in data switching networks
    • H04L47/70—Admission control; Resource allocation
    • H04L47/80—Actions related to the user profile or the type of traffic
    • H04L47/801—Real time traffic
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W28/00—Network traffic management; Network resource management
    • H04W28/02—Traffic management, e.g. flow control or congestion control
    • H04W28/0268—Traffic management, e.g. flow control or congestion control using specific QoS parameters for wireless networks, e.g. QoS class identifier [QCI] or guaranteed bit rate [GBR]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/04—Wireless resource allocation
    • H04W72/044—Wireless resource allocation based on the type of the allocated resource
    • H04W72/0446—Resources in time domain, e.g. slots or frames
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/20—Control channels or signalling for resource management
    • H04W72/23—Control channels or signalling for resource management in the downlink direction of a wireless link, i.e. towards a terminal
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/50—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources
    • H04W72/53—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources based on regulatory allocation policies
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/50—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources
    • H04W72/535—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources based on resource usage policies
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L47/00—Traffic control in data switching networks
    • H04L47/10—Flow control; Congestion control
    • H04L47/24—Traffic characterised by specific attributes, e.g. priority or QoS
    • H04L47/2416—Real-time traffic

Definitions

  • This application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a communication method and device.
  • the 5G system (5G system, 5GS) as a whole is regarded as a virtual TSN bridge (virtual TSN bridge).
  • DS-TT functional module device side TSN translator
  • UE user equipment
  • UPF user plane function
  • NW-TT network side TSN translator
  • DS-TT or NW-TT can use the hold&forward buffering mechanism to make the time sensitive communication (TSC) packets that arrive at the UE or UPF in advance. ) Wait until a predetermined time and then send out 5GS to ensure deterministic forwarding of TSC packets or bursts.
  • TSC time sensitive communication
  • TSN packet transmission is carried out within 5GS
  • TSN is sent by one UE to UPF, and then forwarded by UPF to another UE in 5GS.
  • the TSN packet is not forwarded via NW-TT, and UPF is received
  • the TSN packet will be forwarded immediately after the TSN packet, so that the deterministic forwarding of the TSC packet cannot be guaranteed.
  • This application provides a communication method and device to ensure the deterministic forwarding of TSC packets within 5GS.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a communication method, which may be executed by UPF or a component of UPF (such as a processor, a chip, or a chip system, etc.).
  • the UPF can receive the first packet of the first data stream from the first user equipment.
  • the sending end of the packet of the first data stream is the first user equipment
  • the receiving end of the packet of the first data stream is the second user equipment.
  • the UPF may send the first packet to the second user equipment at the first moment.
  • the first moment is associated with a third moment, a first duration, and a second duration.
  • the third moment is the moment when the first packet arrives at the inbound interface of the first user equipment.
  • the duration is the residence time of the first packet in the first user equipment and DS-TT
  • the second duration is the packet delay budget delay corresponding to the uplink protocol data unit PDU (protocol data unit) session of the first packet (Also called the packet delay budget corresponding to the first user equipment).
  • the uplink PDU session of the first packet is used to transmit the first packet to the UPF.
  • the inbound interface refers to the interface used by the first user equipment to receive the first packet.
  • the first moment is associated with a fourth moment and the second duration
  • the fourth moment is the moment when the first packet arrives at the outgoing interface of the first user equipment.
  • the outgoing interface refers to the interface used by the first user equipment to send the first packet in the uplink.
  • the UPF after receiving the first packet from the first user equipment, the UPF can forward it to the second user equipment at the first time, so that the first packet that arrives at the UPF before the first time waits until the first time It forwards to the second user equipment to support deterministic transmission, to ensure that TSC packets are sent out at a certain moment, and to provide deterministic delay guarantees for industrial control, telemedicine and other applications.
  • the UPF may send the first packet to the second UE after receiving the first packet after a fourth period (also called buffer period or buffer period or residence period).
  • the four-hour length is associated with the second time, the third time, the first time and the second time, or the fourth time is determined according to the second time, the third time, the first time and the second time, and the second time is The time when the UPF received the first packet.
  • the fourth duration is the duration that the first packet needs to wait in the UPF.
  • the UPF may send the first packet to the second UE at the first moment according to the local time.
  • the first group may include first information.
  • the first information is used to indicate the third moment, or used to indicate the third moment and the first duration, or used to indicate the fifth moment.
  • the fifth moment is associated with the third moment and the first duration. It should be understood that the fifth moment may be the moment when the first packet arrives at the outbound interface of the first user equipment.
  • the UPF can also receive per-stream filtering and policing (PSFP) parameters from the session management function (SMF).
  • PSFP per-stream filtering and policing
  • the UPF may also determine the third moment according to the PSFP parameter.
  • the UPF may receive second information from the SMF, and the second information is used to indicate the first duration and/or the third time.
  • the first group may include third information, and the third information may be used to indicate the first duration.
  • the UPF may receive fourth information from the SMF, and the fourth information may be used to indicate the second duration.
  • the UPF may receive fifth information from the SMF, and the fifth information may be used to indicate the third duration.
  • the UPF may determine the first moment according to the third moment and the third duration.
  • the third duration is the sum of the first duration and the second duration.
  • the fifth information may specifically be used to instruct the UPF to determine the first time according to the third time and the third time length.
  • the fifth information may be specifically used to indicate that the third duration is the sum of the first duration and the second duration, for example, carry indication information to indicate that the third duration is the sum of the first duration and the second duration, or through a specific
  • the field carries the third duration, and this field is used to indicate the sum of the first duration and the second duration.
  • the UPF may receive sixth information from the SMF, and the sixth information may be used to indicate the fourth moment.
  • the UPF receives seventh information from the SMF, the seventh information is used to indicate a first period, and the first period is a period during which the first packet is sent from the first user equipment, Or the first period is the time period between the start moments of the two packets (or the time interval between the start moments of the two packets).
  • the start time may be the time when the packet arrives at the outgoing interface of the first user equipment.
  • the first period may be used to indicate the time period between the two consecutively sent packets respectively arriving at the outgoing interface of the first user equipment.
  • the UPF may receive the delay-sensitive communication auxiliary information and the fourth information from the SMF, and the fourth information is used to indicate the second duration.
  • the delay-sensitive communication auxiliary information can be used to indicate the fourth moment and the first period.
  • the UPF may receive eighth information from the SMF, where the eighth information is used to indicate the fifth moment, and the fifth moment is associated with the third moment and the first duration. It should be understood that the fifth moment may be the moment when the first packet arrives at the outbound interface of the first user equipment.
  • the UPF may receive the ninth information from the SMF, and the ninth information is used to indicate the first moment.
  • the first time may be determined by the SMF according to the third time, the first time length, and the second time length, or the SMF may be determined according to the third time and the third time length, or the SMF may be determined according to the fourth time and the second time length.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a communication method, which can be executed by a first user equipment (or first UE), or a component of the first UE (such as a processor, a chip, or a chip system, etc.) implement.
  • the first user equipment may send a first packet to the UPF, the first packet including the first information or the third information.
  • the first information is used to indicate a third moment, and the third moment is the moment when the first packet arrives at the ingress interface of the first user equipment.
  • the first information is used to indicate the third time and the first duration, and the first duration is the residence duration of the first packet on the first user equipment and DS-TT.
  • the first information is used to indicate a fifth time
  • the fifth time is associated with the third time and the first time length. It should be understood that the fifth moment may be the moment when the first packet arrives at the outbound interface of the first user equipment.
  • the third information is used to indicate the first duration.
  • the first user equipment may send tenth information to the SMF, and the tenth information is used to indicate the first duration and/or the third time. time.
  • the first user equipment may receive eleventh information from the SMF, where the eleventh information includes information about the PDU session of the first packet.
  • the information of the PDU session includes the PDU session identifier, the quality of service (QoS) flow identifier (QFI), the media access control (media access control, MAC) address ( For example, at least one of source MAC address and/or destination MAC address) or virtual local area network identifier (VLAN ID).
  • QoS quality of service
  • MAC media access control
  • VLAN ID virtual local area network identifier
  • embodiments of the present application provide a communication method, which may be executed by a first user equipment, or may be executed by a component (such as a processor, a chip, or a chip system, etc.) of the first user equipment.
  • a component such as a processor, a chip, or a chip system, etc.
  • the first user equipment can send tenth information to the SMF.
  • the tenth information is used to indicate the first duration and/or the third time.
  • the dwell time of the TT, and the third time is the time when the first packet arrives at the ingress interface of the first user equipment.
  • the first user equipment may also send the first packet to the UPF.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a communication method, which may be executed by SMF, or may be executed by SMF components (such as a processor, a chip, or a chip system, etc.).
  • SMF can send at least one of PSFP parameters, second information, fourth information, fifth information, sixth information, seventh information, delay-sensitive communication auxiliary information, eighth information, or ninth information to UPF .
  • the PSFP parameter is used to determine a third moment, and the third moment is the moment when the first packet arrives at the ingress interface of the first user equipment.
  • the second information is used to indicate a first duration, and the first duration is the residence duration of the first packet on the first user equipment and DS-TT.
  • the fourth information is used to indicate a second duration, and the second duration is a packet delay budget corresponding to the uplink PDU session of the first packet.
  • the fifth information is used to indicate a third duration, and the third duration is the sum of the first duration and the second duration.
  • the sixth information is used to indicate the fourth moment, which is the moment when the first packet arrives at the outbound interface of the first user equipment.
  • the outgoing interface refers to the interface used by the first user equipment to send the first packet in the uplink.
  • the seventh information is used to indicate the first period, which is the period in which the first packet is sent from the first user equipment, or in other words, the first period is the time period between the start moments of the two packets.
  • the eighth information is used to indicate the fifth time, and the fifth time is associated with the third time and the first duration. It should be understood that the fifth moment may be the moment when the first packet arrives at the outbound interface of the first user equipment.
  • the ninth information is used to indicate the first moment.
  • the eleventh information is used to indicate the first moment, and the first moment is associated with the fourth moment and the second duration.
  • the SMF may receive the tenth information from the first user equipment before sending at least one of the second information, the fifth information, and the ninth information to the UPF.
  • the information is used to indicate the first time length and/or the third time.
  • the SMF may determine that the first packet is sent by the first user equipment to the second user equipment, and send the eleventh information to the first user equipment, and the eleventh information includes the first packet PDU session information.
  • the information of the PDU session includes at least one of the PDU session identifier, QFI, MAC address, or VLAN ID.
  • the SMF before sending the ninth message, can be based on the third time, the first time and the second time, or the third time and the third time, or the fourth time and the second time, Determine the first moment.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a communication method, which may be executed by the UPF, the first user equipment, and the SMF.
  • the UPF can be used to execute the method shown in the first aspect or any possible design of the first aspect
  • the first user equipment can be used to execute the method in the second aspect or any possible design of the second aspect
  • SMF can be used to implement the method shown in the third aspect or any possible design of the third aspect.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a communication device, where the communication device is configured to implement the function of the UPF in the foregoing first aspect or each possible design example of the first aspect.
  • the function can be realized by hardware, or by hardware executing corresponding software.
  • the hardware or software includes one or more modules corresponding to the above-mentioned functions.
  • the structure of the communication device may include a communication module and a processing module. These modules can perform the corresponding functions of the UPF in the first aspect or each possible design example of the first aspect. For details, refer to the first aspect. The detailed description in the aspect will not be repeated here.
  • the structure of the communication device includes a processor, and optionally a communication interface and a memory.
  • the communication interface can be used to send and receive information or data, and to communicate and interact with other communication devices in the network system.
  • the processor is configured to support the communication device to perform the corresponding function of the UPF in the first aspect or each possible design example of the first aspect.
  • the memory is coupled with the processor, and is used to store necessary program instructions and data of the first communication device.
  • the communication device is a UPF or a component in the UPF, such as a chip, a transceiver, and so on.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a communication device, which is configured to implement the function of the first user equipment in the foregoing second aspect or each possible design example of the second aspect.
  • the function can be realized by hardware, or by hardware executing corresponding software.
  • the hardware or software includes one or more modules corresponding to the above-mentioned functions.
  • the structure of the communication device may include a communication module and a processing module, and these modules may perform the corresponding functions of the first user equipment in the above-mentioned second aspect or each possible design example of the second aspect, specifically Please refer to the detailed description in the method example, which will not be repeated here.
  • the structure of the communication device includes a processor, and optionally a communication interface (such as a wireless transceiver) and a memory.
  • the communication interface can be used to send and receive information or data, and to communicate and interact with other communication devices in the network system.
  • the processor is configured to support the communication device to execute the corresponding function of the first user equipment in the foregoing second aspect or each possible design example of the second aspect.
  • the memory is coupled with the processor, and is used to store necessary program instructions and data of the first communication device.
  • the communication device is a UE or a component in the UE, such as a chip, a transceiver, and so on.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a communication device, which is configured to implement the SMF function in the foregoing third aspect or each possible design example of the third aspect.
  • the function can be realized by hardware, or by hardware executing corresponding software.
  • the hardware or software includes one or more modules corresponding to the above-mentioned functions.
  • the structure of the communication device may include a communication module and a processing module, and these modules can perform the corresponding function of the SMF in the third aspect or each possible design example of the third aspect.
  • these modules can perform the corresponding function of the SMF in the third aspect or each possible design example of the third aspect.
  • the method example The detailed description in, I won’t repeat it here.
  • the structure of the communication device includes a processor, and optionally a communication interface and a memory.
  • the communication interface can be used to send and receive information or data, and to communicate and interact with other communication devices in the network system.
  • the processor is configured to support the communication device to perform the corresponding function of the SMF in the foregoing third aspect or each possible design example of the third aspect.
  • the memory is coupled with the processor, and is used to store necessary program instructions and data of the first communication device.
  • the communication device is a base station or a component in a base station, such as a chip, a transceiver, and so on.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a communication system.
  • the communication system may include the above fifth aspect and the provided communication device, as well as the above sixth aspect, and the above seventh aspect.
  • this application provides a computer storage medium that stores a program or when it is invoked and executed on a computer, so that the computer can execute the first aspect or any one of the first aspects mentioned above.
  • this application provides a computer program product.
  • the basic computing product may include a program or instruction.
  • the computer program product runs on a computer, the computer executes any one of the first aspect or the first aspect. Possible designs, any possible design of the second aspect or the second aspect, or the method described in the third aspect or any one of the possible designs of the third aspect.
  • the present application provides a chip or a chip system including the chip, and the chip may include a processor.
  • the chip may also include a memory (or storage module) and/or a transceiver (or communication module).
  • the chip can be used to implement any possible design of the first aspect or the first aspect, any possible design of the second or second aspect, or any possible design of the third aspect or the third aspect.
  • the chip system may be composed of the above-mentioned chips, or may include the above-mentioned chips and other discrete devices, such as a memory (or storage module) and/or a transceiver (or communication module).
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the architecture of a communication system provided by an embodiment of this application.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a logical process of packet transmission according to an embodiment of the application
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of another logical process of packet transmission provided by an embodiment of this application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of another logical process of packet transmission provided by an embodiment of this application.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic flowchart of a communication method provided by an embodiment of this application.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of another logical process of packet transmission provided by an embodiment of this application.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a third time, first time length, and second time length indication manner according to an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic flowchart of another communication method provided by an embodiment of this application.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic flowchart of another communication method provided by an embodiment of this application.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic flowchart of another communication method provided by an embodiment of this application.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic flowchart of another communication method provided by an embodiment of this application.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic flowchart of another communication method provided by an embodiment of this application.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device provided by an embodiment of this application.
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of another communication device provided by an embodiment of this application.
  • FIG. 15 is a schematic structural diagram of another communication device provided by an embodiment of this application.
  • this application provides a communication method.
  • the application will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific operation methods in the method embodiments introduced below may also be applied to the device embodiment or the system embodiment.
  • the communication method provided by the embodiment of the present application can be applied to the wireless communication system 100 as shown in FIG. 1.
  • 5GS can be used as a TSN bridge to communicate with other TSN systems.
  • DS-TT and NW-TT can respectively be used as converters between 5GS and other TSN systems to realize the connection between 5GS and other TSN systems.
  • 5GS can include policy control function (PCF), application function (AF), access and mobility management function (AMF), and session management Function (session management function, SMF), (radio) access network ((radio) access network, (R) AN) equipment, UPF, etc.
  • PCF policy control function
  • AF application function
  • AMF access and mobility management function
  • SMF session management Function
  • R radio access network
  • RAN can be a base station, specifically it can be an evolved base station (evolutional nodeB, eNB or eNodeB), a small base station (micro/picoeNB) or a transmission/reception point (TRP) in the LTE system, or it can be cloud wireless access
  • evolutional nodeB eNB or eNodeB
  • micro/picoeNB small base station
  • TRP transmission/reception point
  • CDRF cloud radio access network
  • the RAN may be a relay station, an access point, a wearable device, a base station in a future 5G network or a base station in a future evolved PLMN network, etc., for example, a new generation node B (generated node B, gNB), the embodiment of the present application Not limited.
  • the third communication device may also be a chip having a communication module or connectable to the communication module, such as a chip in a base station.
  • the AMF shown above is a control plane network element provided by the operator's network, which is responsible for the access control and mobility management when the terminal accesses the operator's network. It has, for example, mobile status management, assigning temporary user identities, authenticating and authorizing users And other functions. It should be understood that in future communications such as the 6th generation (6G), AMF may still be AMF or have other names, which is not limited by this application.
  • the above PCF is a control plane function provided by the operator, which is used to provide a protocol data unit (PDU) (protocol data unit) session strategy to the SMF.
  • PDU protocol data unit
  • the policies mentioned here may include charging-related policies, quality of service (QoS) related policies, data flow identification and orientation (or forwarding) policies, authorization-related policies, and the like. It should be understood that in future communications such as 6G, the PCF may be PCF or have other names, which is not limited in this application.
  • the SMF shown above is a control plane network element provided by the operator's network, and is responsible for managing the PDU session of the terminal.
  • the SMF serves the PDU session of the terminal.
  • the PDU session is a channel used to transmit PDUs, and the terminal needs to transmit PDUs to each other through the PDU session and the DN.
  • SMF is responsible for the establishment, maintenance and deletion of PDU sessions.
  • SMF includes session management (such as session establishment, modification and release, including tunnel maintenance between UPF and RAN), UPF selection and control, service and session continuity (SSC) mode selection, roaming and other session related Function.
  • session management such as session establishment, modification and release, including tunnel maintenance between UPF and RAN
  • UPF selection and control including tunnel maintenance between UPF and RAN
  • SSC service and session continuity
  • SMF can be used to select the UPF that serves the user, such as selecting the UPF that is closer to the base station where the user is located, to reduce the user's packet sending and receiving delay.
  • the SMF can identify whether the PDU session is used for data transmission between the UE and the UE within the 5GS according to the information of the PDU session (for example, service type information, MAC address information, etc.). It should be understood that in future communications such as 6G, SMF may still be SMF or have other names, which is not limited by this application.
  • UPF can be used as a protocol data unit anchor (PDU session anchor) to access the application server, thereby supporting the transmission of service data between the UE and the application server.
  • PDU session anchor protocol data unit anchor
  • UPF can be used to perform the transmission of TSC packets within 5GS or between 5GS and other TSN systems.
  • the TSC packet may also be referred to as the TSC service packet, which is used to carry the data of the TSC service.
  • TSC business is a business that requires high transmission delay, such as industrial control, remote surgery, etc.
  • the above AF can be used to select, reselect, locate, and relocate the AS of the application, and interact with the core network.
  • the AF can also be a separate device independent of the AS, or the AF can also be co-located with the AS, which is not specifically limited in the present invention.
  • 5GS can perform TSC packet transmission with the end station via DS-TT.
  • the terminal site can be equipment in scenarios such as industrial control and remote surgery, or it can be a TSN bridge.
  • the terminal site may be factory equipment such as a robotic arm.
  • the DS-TT can be co-located with the UE.
  • the DS-TT is used as a module inside the UE (for example, it includes logic modules and/or hardware components).
  • DS-TT can be set independently with the UE.
  • the TSC packet needs to be processed by DS-TT before being sent to other TSN systems.
  • NW-TT can be co-located with UPF.
  • NW-TT can be used as a module inside UPF.
  • NW-TT can be set independently from UPF.
  • DS-TT and NW-TT need to perform operations such as encapsulation format conversion on the packet to meet the encapsulation format requirements of different TSN systems for TSN packets.
  • hold&forward buffering in DS-TT and NW-TT that is, TSC packets that arrive in advance are allowed to wait until a predetermined time before being sent.
  • the packet spans the TSN system, in this application, it means that the packet is sent from one TSN system to 5GS, or it means that the packet is sent from 5GS to another TSN system.
  • a TSC service packet is sent from UPF to UE, and the packet enters 5GS from the inbound interface of NW-TT at 10 o'clock.
  • the inbound interface of NW-TT means that the NW-TT receives from other than 5GS.
  • the TSC packet needs to wait 5ms in the DS-TT , It will not be sent out from DS-TT until the expected 10:40ms.
  • the advantage of the hold&forward buffering mechanism is that it can support the deterministic forwarding of TSC packets.
  • Deterministic forwarding means that a packet sending node (in this application, for example, UPF) opens a sending window in a certain period at a certain time node, so that a large number of packets (may be called burst) are sent bursty at that time node. In the rest of the time, the sending window is closed. During the time when the sending window is closed, even if a packet that needs to be sent arrives at the packet sending node, the packet will not be sent, but it will wait for the time to open the sending window to arrive.
  • the network side can send delay-sensitive communication assistance information (TSCAI) to access network equipment (such as base stations).
  • TSCAI carries burst arrival time (burst arrival time). ) Parameter. For uplink transmission, this parameter is used to indicate the moment when the burst is sent from the UE; for downlink transmission, this parameter is used to indicate the time when the burst arrives at the access network device.
  • TSCAI can also carry the burst transmission period (that is, the first period). The working principle of TSCAI will be described below for the downlink transmission and uplink transmission process respectively.
  • burst arrival time refers to the moment when the burst reaches the inbound interface of the access network device. This moment is equal to the moment when the burst reaches the inbound interface of the NW-TT plus the core network packet delay budget (core network packet delay budget).
  • core network packet delay budget core network packet delay budget
  • network-packet delay budget, CN-PDB is equal to the maximum duration of the residence (residence) of the packet in the UPF and NW-TT, plus the maximum transmission delay of the packet from the egress of the UPF to the ingress interface of the RAN. It should be understood that the maximum time that a packet resides in the UPF and the NW-TT includes the delay of the UPF and the NW-TT operating and processing the packet and forwarding it.
  • the burst arrival time refers to the moment when the burst arrives at the outbound interface of the UE. After that, the burst will be sent to the access network device, which is equal to the burst arrival time at the DS.
  • UE-DS-TT residence time UE-DS-TT residence time.
  • the outgoing interface refers to the interface used by the first UE to uplink the first packet.
  • the UE-DS-TT Residence Time is equal to the maximum time that the packet resides in the UE and DS-TT. It should be understood that the maximum time that a packet resides in the UE and the DS-TT includes the delay of the UE and the DS-TT in operating and processing the packet and forwarding.
  • the access network device can learn the time when the uplink and downlink bursts arrive at the access network device according to the TSCAI, so as to ensure that when the burst arrives, the access network device has sufficient resources for burst transmission.
  • the TSC packet will enter the 5GS from one UE and need to be sent to another UE in the 5GS. Among them, the TSC packet reaches the UPF through the uplink transmission, and the UPF performs the local processing. After the local switch operation, it is transferred to the downlink transmission and arrives at the other UE. Since TSC packets do not pass through NW-TT, NW-TT cannot perform hold&forward buffering mechanism for TSC packets. After receiving each TSC packet, UPF will immediately perform the downlink forwarding of the TSC packet. For example, the TSC packet may be Arrive at the access network equipment at any time. Therefore, the access network equipment cannot learn the time and period of packet arrival according to a mechanism similar to TSCAI, and the access network equipment may not have sufficient resources for burst forwarding.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a communication method. This method can be performed by the UPF shown in Figure 1.
  • the method may include the following steps:
  • the UPF receives the first packet of the first data stream from the first UE.
  • the sending end of the packet of the first data stream is the first UE, and the receiving end of the packet of the first data stream is the second UE.
  • the first packet is a TSC packet.
  • the UPF sends the first packet to the second UE at the first moment.
  • the first moment is associated with the third moment, the first duration, and the second duration.
  • the third time is the time when the first packet arrives at the inbound interface of the first UE (or the time when it reaches the first UE), and the first time length is the time when the first packet arrives at the first UE and DS-TT.
  • the residency duration (or UE-DS-TT residence time), the second duration is the packet delay budget corresponding to the uplink PDU session of the first packet (or the packet delay budget PDB corresponding to the first user equipment).
  • the inbound interface of the first UE refers to the interface used by the first UE to receive the first packet.
  • the first moment is associated with the fourth moment and the second duration.
  • the fourth moment is the moment when the first packet arrives at the outbound interface of the first user equipment, that is, the burst arrival time of uplink transmission. At the fourth moment, the outbound interface of the UE starts the uplink transmission of the first packet.
  • the UPF after the UPF receives the first packet from the first UE, it can forward the first packet to the second UE according to the first moment, so that the first packet that arrives at the UPF in advance will wait until the first moment. It forwards to the second UE to support deterministic transmission, to ensure that TSC packets are sent out at a certain moment, and to provide deterministic delay guarantees for industrial control, telemedicine and other applications.
  • the UPF may send the first packet to the second UE after a fourth time period after receiving the first packet, where the fourth time period is the same as the second time, third time, and first time.
  • the duration is associated with a second duration, and the second moment is the moment when the UPF receives the first packet.
  • the fourth duration the first duration + the second duration-(the second time-the third time). It should be understood that the fourth duration is to support deterministic transmission, and the first packet needs to wait in the UPF for the duration.
  • the UPF may send the first packet to the second UE when the local time is the first moment.
  • the first moment is associated with the third moment, the first duration, and the second duration.
  • the theoretical delay of the first packet in the uplink transmission process refers to the fact that the first packet enters the DS-TT (or , When DS-TT is a component in the first UE, it is the theoretical time required until the first packet arrives at the UPF and the UPF completes the processing before forwarding the first packet.
  • the theoretical duration is the same as the theoretical duration of the first packet staying in the DS-TT and the first UE (ie, the first duration) (ie, the UE-DS-TT residence time shown in FIG. 6, In this application, it may be called the first duration), and the packet delay budget (PDB) corresponding to the uplink PDU session to which the first packet belongs (that is, PDB1 shown in Figure 6, which may be called in this application)
  • PDB packet delay budget
  • PDB1 is used to indicate the processing and forwarding duration of uplink packets by RAN, UPF, and NW-TT from the moment the uplink packet is sent from the first UE to the time the uplink packet is sent out of 5GS when sending uplink packets to TSN systems other than 5GS
  • the sum, or in other words, PDB1 indicates the length of time that the uplink packet resides in 5GS after the uplink packet is sent from the first UE and before the uplink packet is sent by the NW-TT to 5GS.
  • the theoretical duration is equal to the sum of the residency duration of the first UE and DS-TT shown in FIG. 6 and the PDB1 (the theoretical duration may be referred to as the third duration in this application).
  • PDB2 shown in FIG. 6 represents the PDB corresponding to the downstream QoS flow of the first packet.
  • the camping duration of the second UE and the DS-TT indicates the duration of the first packet camping in the DS-TT and the second UE.
  • this theoretical duration is that the UPF determines the first moment according to the theoretical duration, so that after the first packet enters the DS-TT (or the first UE) after the theoretical duration, the downlink of the first packet starts at the first moment. transmission.
  • the UPF needs to know the theoretical duration and the moment when the first packet actually enters the DS-TT (or first UE) (that is, the third moment), and the UPF The time when the first packet is actually received (ie, the second time).
  • the UE may read the local timestamp to obtain the third time when receiving the first packet.
  • UPF can read the local timestamp when receiving the first packet to obtain the second time.
  • the UPF can obtain the first duration and the second duration, and determine the sum of the first duration and the second duration, or in other words, the UPF can acquire the third duration. And, the UPF may obtain the length of time between the third time and the second time (that is, the time length obtained by subtracting the third time from the second time).
  • the UPF may determine the first time according to the first time length, the second time length, and the third time. Further, the UPF may send the first packet to the second UE when the local time stamp is the first time.
  • the UPF may determine the length of time that the first packet needs to stay in the UPF (that is, the fourth time length) according to the sum of the first time length and the second time length, and the time length between the third time and the second time. Further, the UPF may send the first packet to the second UE after the fourth time period has elapsed after receiving the first packet.
  • the UPF may determine the fourth time length according to the first time and the second time after determining the first time according to the first time length, the second time length, and the third time. Further, the UPF may send the first packet to the second UE after the fourth time period has elapsed after receiving the first packet.
  • the first UE may send tenth information to the SMF.
  • the tenth information may include information of the first duration to indicate the first duration
  • the SMF may send the second information to the UPF.
  • the second information may indicate the first duration.
  • the first UE may send the information of the first duration to the SMF based on the request of the SMF or according to the default configuration.
  • the information of the first duration may be sent to the UPF by the first UE.
  • the first UE may carry the information of the first duration in the first packet, and the UPF obtains the information of the first duration from the first packet after receiving the first packet.
  • the tenth information sent by the UE to the SMF may also include information indicating the third moment
  • the SMF may send second information to the UPF, and the second information may be used to indicate the first duration and/or the third moment.
  • the SMF can send the fourth information to the UPF, and the fourth information is used to indicate the second duration.
  • the SMF can indicate the first duration and the second duration through the same message.
  • the second information and the fourth information can be carried in different fields of the same message. ; Or, the second information and the fourth information may be carried in different messages.
  • the SMF may also notify the UPF of the calculation results of the first duration and the second duration.
  • the SMF indicates the third duration to the UPF, and the third duration is associated with the first duration and the second duration.
  • the SMF may send fifth information to the UPF, where the fifth information is used to indicate the third duration.
  • the fifth information can also be used to instruct the UPF to determine the first time according to the third time and the third time length.
  • the fifth information can be specifically used to indicate that the third time length is the sum of the first time length and the second time length, so that the UPF can determine the first time according to the third time length.
  • the fifth information can include indication information to indicate the third time length.
  • the duration is the sum of the first duration and the second duration, or the fifth information may carry the third duration through a specific field, and this field is used to indicate the sum of the first duration and the second duration.
  • the information at the third moment may be sent to the UPF by the first UE.
  • the first UE may send the information at the third moment to the UPF based on the configuration of the SMF. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 7, the first UE may carry the information of the third time in the first group, for example, the information of the third time may be carried in the first information of the first group.
  • the UPF obtains the information at the third time from the first packet.
  • the information at the third time may be the time stamp (Tsi) when the first UE receives the first packet.
  • the information at the third time may be sent to the SMF by the UE.
  • the first UE sends tenth information to the SMF.
  • the tenth information includes the information at the third time and is used to indicate the third time.
  • the UPF sends third information, which is used to indicate the third time.
  • the SMF can inform the UPF of the calculation results of the first time length and the third time.
  • the first UE sends eighth information to the UPF, and the eighth information can be used to indicate the fifth time, the fifth time and the first time length, and The third moment of association.
  • the fifth time is the time when the time interval between the third time and the third time is the first duration, for example, the fifth time is the time when the first packet arrives at the outbound interface of the first UE.
  • the SMF may notify the UPF of the calculation result at the first moment.
  • the SMF sends the ninth information to the UPF, and the ninth information may be used to indicate the first moment.
  • the first moment may be determined according to the third moment and the third duration.
  • the first moment is associated with the third moment and the third duration.
  • the first time is a time when the time interval between the third time and the third time is the third time length after the third time.
  • the first moment may be determined according to the third moment, the first duration, and the second duration, or in other words, the first moment is associated with the third moment, the first duration, and the second duration.
  • the first time is a time when the time interval between the third time and the third time after the third time is the sum of the first time length and the second time length.
  • the UE can indicate the third moment and the first duration through the same message or through different fields in the first packet; or, the information of the first duration and the first duration The information at the three moments can be carried in different messages.
  • the first UE may also notify the UPF of the calculation result of the third time and the first duration.
  • the first UE indicates the fifth time to the UPF, and the fifth time is associated with the third time and the first duration.
  • the fifth time is a time after the third time and the time interval between the third time and the third time is the first time length. It should be understood that the fifth moment may be the moment when the first packet arrives at the outbound interface of the first UE.
  • the information of the fifth time may be carried in the first packet, for example, the fifth time is indicated by the first information.
  • the SMF may determine the fifth time according to the third time and the first time length, and indicate the fifth time to the UPF through the eighth information.
  • the information at the second time may be obtained by the UPF, and the information at the second time may be used to indicate the second time.
  • the UPF may obtain the time stamp (Tsm) of the received first packet, the time stamp is the information of the second time, and the time indicated by the time stamp is the second time.
  • the SMF can also send the per-stream filtering and policing (PSFP) parameters of the first packet to the UPF, which is determined by the UPF according to the PSFP parameters
  • PSFP per-stream filtering and policing
  • the PSFP parameter corresponds to one QoS flow of the UE-UE TSC, and the QoS flow of the TSC service between different UEs or the PSFP parameters of different QoS flows between the same two UEs may be different.
  • the SMF may send parameters such as PSFPAdminBaseTime, PSFPAdminCycleTime, and/or time interval values (timeIntervalValues) to the UPF.
  • PF can maintain a counter for the QoS flow corresponding to uplink transmission in each UE-UE TSC, according to the time indicated by PSFPAdminBaseTime (this time is the time when the first periodically sent packet arrives at the inbound interface of the first UE, The time can be expressed by PSFPAdminCycleTime, such as 10:30), and the counter of the corresponding QoS Flow is set to 0.
  • the duration indicated by PSFPAdminCycleTime (the duration is the packet transmission period, the following can be expressed by PSFPAdminCycleTime, such as 1 minute), add 1 to the counter value.
  • the actual time length of the packet in the uplink transmission is Tsm-(PSFPAdminBaseTime+PSFPAdminCycleTime*counter), where Tsm represents the second time, and (PSFPAdminBaseTime+PSFPAdminCycleTime*counter) can be regarded as the third time.
  • the UPF may determine the first time according to the first time length, the second time length, and (PSFPAdminBaseTime+PSFPAdminCycleTime*counter), and send the first packet when the local time is the first time.
  • the UPF may determine the fourth duration according to the difference between the sum of the first duration and the second duration (or according to the third duration) and the actual duration.
  • the UPF may also determine the fourth duration according to the first moment and the second moment.
  • the first moment is associated with the fourth moment and the second duration.
  • the fourth time is the time when the first packet arrives at the outbound interface of the first UE.
  • the second duration is PDB1 shown in Figure 6. Therefore, the second duration from the fourth moment is the theoretical moment when the uplink transmission of the first packet ends and the downlink transmission starts, that is, the first moment. Therefore, the UPF can be At the moment, the first packet is sent to the second UE.
  • the SMF can send the sixth information and the fourth information to the UPF, the sixth information can be used to indicate the fourth time, and the fourth information can be used to indicate the second duration.
  • the SMF may also send seventh information to the UPF, and the seventh information may be used to indicate the period of burst transmission, that is, the first period.
  • the first period is, for example, the period in which the first packet is sent from the first UE, or the time period between the start moments of the two packets.
  • the start time may be the time when the packet arrives at the outbound interface of the first UE.
  • the first period may be used to indicate the time period between the two consecutively sent packets respectively arriving at the outbound interface of the first UE.
  • the SMF may send TSCAI to the UPF, and the TSCAI is used to indicate the fourth moment and the first period.
  • the SMF may also determine the first time according to the fourth time and the second time length, and the SMF may send ninth information to the UPF, and the ninth information is used to indicate the first time.
  • a communication method provided in an embodiment of the present application may include the following steps:
  • S201 The first UE sends tenth information to the SMF in the process of establishing a PDU session.
  • the tenth information is used to indicate the first duration.
  • the SMF determines that there is TSC communication between the first UE and other UEs (such as the second UE). For example, it is determined that the PDU session is used for data transmission between the first UE and other UEs, or it is determined that the PDU session is used for data transmission between different interfaces on a DS-TT of the first UE, or it is determined that the PDU session is used for data transmission between different interfaces on a DS-TT of the first UE. Data transmission between different interfaces of different DS-TTs of the first UE.
  • the SMF can determine that the first UE sends the TSC packet to the second UE through the PDU session.
  • the SMF sends the second information and the fourth information to the UPF.
  • the second information is used to indicate the first duration
  • the fourth information is used to indicate the second duration
  • the SMF sends the eleventh information to the first UE.
  • the eleventh information may include information of the PDU session to indicate the PDU session.
  • the eleventh information can carry PDU session identifier, QoS flow identifier (QoS flow identifier, QFI), media access control (media access control, MAC) address, or virtual local area network identifier (VLAN ID), etc. information.
  • the MAC address may include a source MAC address and/or a destination MAC address.
  • the eleventh information may be carried in a PDU session modification message (PDU session modification message) sent by the SMF to the first UE.
  • PDU session modification message PDU session modification message
  • the first UE determines the time (that is, the third time) when the first packet arrives at the ingress interface of the first UE according to the eleventh information.
  • the first packet corresponds to the information of the PDU session indicated by the eleventh information
  • the PDU session identifier corresponding to the first packet is consistent with the PDU session identifier indicated by the eleventh information
  • the QFI corresponding to the first packet is the first
  • the QFI indicated by the eleventh information, or the source MAC address of the first packet is the source MAC address indicated by the eleventh information
  • the destination MAC address of the first packet is the destination MAC address indicated by the eleventh information
  • the virtual local area network identification VLAN ID of the first group is consistent with the virtual local area network identification indicated by the eleventh information.
  • the first UE may read the current system time to obtain the moment when the first packet arrives at the inbound interface of the first UE, as the third moment.
  • S206 The first UE sends a first packet to the UPF, where the first packet carries first information.
  • the first information is used to indicate the third moment.
  • the UPF receives the first packet.
  • the UPF sends the first packet to the second UE at the first moment.
  • the first time is determined according to the third time, the first time length, and the second time length.
  • the third moment is obtained by UPF according to the first information.
  • the first duration is obtained by UPF according to the second information.
  • the second duration is obtained by UPF according to the fourth information.
  • the first moment can be determined according to the following formula:
  • the first moment the first duration + the second duration + the third moment.
  • the UPF may send the first packet when the local time is the first moment.
  • the UPF may pass (first duration + second duration-(second time-third time)) after receiving the first packet at the second time, and send the first packet to the second UE.
  • the UPF determines the second moment when the first packet is received.
  • a communication method provided by an embodiment of the present application may include the following steps:
  • the SMF determines that there is TSC communication between the first UE and other UEs (such as the second UE).
  • the SMF can determine that the first UE sends the TSC packet to the second UE through the PDU session.
  • the SMF sends the fourth information to the UPF.
  • the fourth information is used to indicate the second duration.
  • the SMF sends the eleventh information to the first UE.
  • the eleventh information includes information about the PDU session, for example, information such as the PDU session identifier, the QFI of the PDU session, the MAC address, or the VLAN ID.
  • the eleventh information may be carried in the PDU session modification message sent by the SMF to the first UE.
  • the first UE determines the moment when the first packet arrives at the ingress interface of the first UE (that is, the third moment) according to the eleventh information.
  • the first UE may obtain the moment when the first packet arrives at the inbound interface of the first UE as the third moment.
  • S305 The first UE sends a first packet to the UPF, where the first packet carries first information.
  • the first information is used to indicate the third moment and the first duration.
  • the first information is carried in the first packet by the first UE according to the eleventh information.
  • the UPF receives the first packet.
  • the first time is determined according to the third time, the first time length, and the second time length.
  • the third time is obtained by UPF according to the first information.
  • the first duration is obtained by UPF according to the first information.
  • the second duration is obtained by UPF according to the fourth information.
  • the first moment can be determined according to the following formula:
  • the first moment the first duration + the second duration + the third moment.
  • the UPF may send the first packet when the local time is the first moment.
  • the UPF may pass (first duration + second duration-(second time-third time)) after receiving the first packet at the second time, and send the first packet to the second UE.
  • the UPF determines the second moment when the first packet is received.
  • a communication method provided in an embodiment of the present application may include the following steps:
  • S401 The first UE sends tenth information to the SMF in the process of establishing a PDU session.
  • the tenth information is used to indicate the first duration.
  • the SMF determines that there is TSC communication between the first UE and other UEs (such as the second UE).
  • the SMF can determine that the first UE sends the TSC packet to the second UE through the PDU session.
  • the SMF sends the second information, the fourth information, and the PSFP parameter to the UPF.
  • the second information is used to indicate the first duration
  • the fourth information is used to indicate the second duration
  • the PSFP parameter is used to determine the third time.
  • S404 The first UE sends the first packet to the UPF.
  • the UPF receives the first packet.
  • S405 The UPF sends the first packet to the second UE at the first moment.
  • the first time is determined according to the third time, the first time length, and the second time length.
  • the third moment is determined by UPF according to PSFP parameters.
  • the first duration is obtained by UPF according to the second information.
  • the second duration is obtained by UPF according to the fourth information.
  • the first moment can be determined according to the following formula:
  • the first moment the first duration + the second duration + the third moment.
  • the UPF may send the first packet when the local time is the first moment.
  • the UPF may pass (first duration + second duration-(second time-third time)) after receiving the first packet at the second time, and send the first packet to the second UE.
  • the UPF determines the second moment when the first packet is received.
  • a communication method provided by an embodiment of the present application may include the following steps:
  • the SMF determines that there is TSC communication between the first UE and other UEs (such as the second UE).
  • the SMF can determine that the first UE sends the TSC packet to the second UE through the PDU session.
  • the SMF sends the fourth information and PSFP parameters to the UPF.
  • the fourth information is used to indicate the second duration
  • the PSFP parameter is used to determine the third time.
  • the SMF sends the eleventh information to the first UE.
  • the eleventh information includes information about the PDU session, such as PDU session identifier, QFI, MAC address, or VLAN ID.
  • the eleventh information may be carried in the PDU session modification message sent by the SMF to the first UE.
  • S504 The first UE sends a first packet to the UPF, where the first packet carries third information.
  • the third information is used to indicate the third moment and the first duration.
  • the first UE may carry the third information in the first packet according to the eleventh information.
  • the UPF receives the first packet.
  • the UPF sends the first packet to the second UE at the first moment.
  • the first time is determined based on the third time, the first time length, and the second time length.
  • the third moment is determined by UPF according to PSFP parameters.
  • the first duration is obtained by UPF according to the third information.
  • the second duration is obtained by UPF according to the fourth information.
  • the first moment can be determined according to the following formula:
  • the first moment the first duration + the second duration + the third moment.
  • the UPF may send the first packet when the local time is the first moment.
  • the UPF may pass (first duration + second duration-(second time-third time)) after receiving the first packet at the second time, and send the first packet to the second UE.
  • the UPF determines the second moment when the first packet is received.
  • a communication method provided by an embodiment of the present application may include the following steps:
  • the SMF determines that there is TSC communication between the first UE and other UEs (such as the second UE).
  • the SMF can determine that the first UE sends the TSC packet to the second UE through the PDU session.
  • the SMF sends the delay-sensitive communication auxiliary information TSCAI and the fourth information to the UPF.
  • TSCAI is used to indicate the fourth time and the first period.
  • the fourth information is used to indicate the second duration.
  • S603 The first UE sends the first packet to the UPF.
  • the UPF receives the first packet.
  • the UPF sends the first packet to the second UE at the first moment.
  • the first moment is determined according to the fourth moment and the second duration.
  • the fourth moment is obtained according to TSCAI.
  • the first moment can be determined according to the following formula:
  • the first moment the second duration + the fourth moment.
  • the UPF, the first UE (or first user equipment), and the SMF may include a hardware structure and/or a software module, and a hardware structure, a software module, or a hardware structure Add the form of software module to realize the above-mentioned functions. Whether a certain function among the above-mentioned functions is executed by a hardware structure, a software module, or a hardware structure plus a software module depends on the specific application and design constraint conditions of the technical solution.
  • a communication device may include a communication module 1301 and a processing module 1302, and the communication module 1301 and the processing module 1302 are coupled with each other.
  • the communication device 1300 can be used to perform the steps performed by the UPF, the first UE, or the SMF shown in Figs. 5 and 8-12 above.
  • the communication module 1301 may be used to support the communication device 1300 to communicate, and the communication module 1301 may also be referred to as a communication unit, a communication interface, a transceiver module or a transceiver unit.
  • the communication module 1301 may have a wireless communication function, such as being able to communicate with other communication devices through wireless communication.
  • the processing module 1302 can also be referred to as a processing unit, and can be used to support the communication device 1300 to perform the processing actions of the session management network element in the foregoing method embodiment, including but not limited to: generating information, messages, and/or sent by the communication module 1301 Or, demodulate and decode the signal received by the communication module 1301 and so on.
  • the communication module 1301 may be configured to receive the first packet of the first data stream from the first UE.
  • the sending end of the packet of the first data stream is the first UE, and the receiving end of the packet of the first data stream is the second user equipment.
  • the communication module 1301 is configured to send the first packet to the second user equipment at the first moment.
  • the first time is associated with the third time, the first time length and the second time length, or the first time is associated with the fourth time time and the second time length.
  • the processing module 1302 may determine the fourth duration according to the first moment and the second moment, and the communication module 1301 may send the first packet to the second UE after the fourth duration has elapsed after the second moment.
  • the fourth time length is associated with the first time length, the second time length, the second time, and the third time.
  • the first group may include first information.
  • the first information is used to indicate the third moment, or used to indicate the third moment and the first duration, or used to indicate the fifth moment.
  • the fifth moment is associated with the third moment and the first duration. It should be understood that the fifth moment may be the moment when the first packet arrives at the outbound interface of the first UE.
  • the communication module 1301 can also receive PSFP parameters from SMF.
  • the UPF may also determine the third moment according to the PSFP parameter.
  • the communication module 1301 may receive second information from the SMF, and the second information is used to indicate the first duration and/or the third time.
  • the first group may include third information, and the third information may be used to indicate the first duration.
  • the communication module 1301 may receive fourth information from the SMF, and the fourth information may be used to indicate the second duration.
  • the communication module 1301 may receive fifth information from the SMF, and the fifth information may be used to indicate the third duration.
  • the processing module 1302 may determine the first moment according to the third moment and the third duration.
  • the third duration is the sum of the first duration and the second duration.
  • the communication module 1301 may receive the sixth information from the SMF, and the sixth information may be used to indicate the fourth moment.
  • the communication module 1301 may receive seventh information from the SMF, the seventh information is used to indicate a first period, and the first period is the period in which the first packet is sent from the first UE Or, the first period is the time period between the start moments of the two groups.
  • the communication module 1301 may receive the delay-sensitive communication auxiliary information and the fourth information from the SMF.
  • the delay-sensitive communication auxiliary information can be used to indicate the fourth moment and the first period.
  • the fourth information is used to indicate the second duration.
  • the communication module 1301 may receive eighth information from the SMF, where the eighth information is used to indicate a fifth moment, and the fifth moment is associated with the third moment and the first duration. It should be understood that the fifth moment may be the moment when the first packet arrives at the outbound interface of the first UE.
  • the communication module 1301 may receive the ninth information from the SMF, and the ninth information is used to indicate the first moment.
  • the communication module 1301 may be configured to send a first packet to the UPF, and the first packet includes the first information or the third information.
  • the first information is used to indicate a third moment, and the third moment is the moment when the first packet arrives at the inbound interface of the first UE.
  • the first information is used to indicate the third moment and the first duration, and the first duration is the duration of the first packet staying on the first UE and DS-TT.
  • the first information is used to indicate a fifth time
  • the fifth time is associated with the third time and the first time length. It should be understood that the fifth moment may be the moment when the first packet arrives at the outbound interface of the first UE.
  • the third information is used to indicate the first duration.
  • the communication module 1301 may send tenth information to the SMF, and the tenth information is used to indicate the first duration and/or the third moment .
  • the communication module 1301 may receive the eleventh information from the SMF, and the eleventh information includes the information of the protocol data unit PDU session corresponding to the first packet.
  • the information of the PDU session includes at least one of a PDU session identifier, a QoS flow identifier, a MAC address, or a VLAN ID.
  • the communication module 1301 may be used to send tenth information to the SMF, where the tenth information is used to indicate the first duration and/or the third time.
  • the communication module 1301 can be used to send PSFP parameters, second information, fourth information, fifth information, sixth information, seventh information, and delay sensitive information to the UPF. At least one of communication auxiliary information, eighth information, or ninth information.
  • the PSFP parameter is used to determine the third moment, and the third moment is the moment when the first packet arrives at the ingress interface of the first UE.
  • the second information is used to indicate the first duration, and the first duration is the residence duration of the first packet on the first UE and the device-side TSN converter.
  • the fourth information is used to indicate a second duration, and the second duration is a packet delay budget corresponding to the uplink PDU session.
  • the fifth information is used to indicate a third duration, and the third duration is the sum of the first duration and the second duration.
  • the sixth information is used to indicate the fourth moment, which is the moment when the first packet arrives at the outbound interface of the first UE.
  • the seventh information is used to indicate the first period, which is the period in which the first packet is sent from the first UE, or the first period is the time period between the start moments of the two packets.
  • the eighth information is used to indicate the fifth time, and the fifth time is associated with the third time and the first duration. It should be understood that the fifth moment may be the moment when the first packet arrives at the outbound interface of the first UE.
  • the ninth information is used to indicate the first moment.
  • the first time is associated with the third time, the first time length, and the second time length, or the first time is associated with the third time and the third time length, or the first time is associated with the fourth time and the second time length.
  • the communication module 1301 may receive the tenth information from the first UE before sending at least one of the second information, the fifth information, and the ninth information to the UPF.
  • the ten information is used to indicate the first time length and/or the third time.
  • the processing module 1302 may determine that the first packet is sent by the first UE to the second user equipment, and the communication module 1301 may send the eleventh information to the first UE, and the eleventh information includes the Information about the PDU session corresponding to the first packet.
  • the information of the PDU session includes at least one of the PDU session identifier, QFI, MAC address, or VLAN ID of the PDU session.
  • the processing module 1302 can be based on the third time, the first time and the second time, or according to the third time and the third time, or according to the fourth time And the second time length, determine the first moment.
  • the communication device provided in the embodiment of the present application may also be composed of hardware components, such as a processor, a memory, or a transceiver, etc., to implement the UPF, the first UE, or the SMF in the present application. Function.
  • FIG. 14 only shows the structure necessary for the communication device 1400 to execute the method shown in this application, and this application does not limit the communication device to be equipped with more components.
  • the communication device 1400 can be used to perform the steps performed by the UPF or SMF in the foregoing method embodiment.
  • the communication device 1400 may include a communication interface 1401, a memory 1402, and a processor 1403.
  • the communication interface 1401 can be used for communication with a communication device, for example, for sending or receiving signals.
  • the memory 1402 is coupled with the processor 1403 and can be used to store programs and data necessary for the communication device 1400 to implement various functions.
  • the processor 1403 is configured to support the communication device 1400 to perform the processing functions performed by the UPF or SMF in the foregoing method, such as determining to generate information and messages sent by the communication interface 1401, and/or to decode signals received by the communication interface 1401 Tune decoding and so on.
  • the above memory 1402 and the processor 1403 may be integrated or independent of each other.
  • the communication interface 1401 may be a communication port, such as a communication port (or interface) used for communication between network elements.
  • the communication interface 1401 may also be referred to as a transceiving unit or a communication unit.
  • the processor 1403 can be implemented by a processing chip or a processing circuit.
  • the above communication interface 1401 may be used to perform the steps performed by the communication module 1301.
  • the processor 1403 may be used to execute the above steps executed by the processing module 1302, which will not be repeated here.
  • a mobile phone is taken as an example to illustrate a possible structure of the first communication device 1500.
  • the communication device 1500 may include a processor 1501, a memory 1502, and a transceiver 1503.
  • the above processor 1501 may be used to process the communication protocol and communication data, and to control the first communication device, execute the software program, process the data of the software program, and so on.
  • the memory 1502 may be used to store programs and data, and the processor 1501 may execute the method executed by the first communication device in the embodiment of the present application based on the program.
  • the transceiver 1503 may include a radio frequency unit and an antenna.
  • the radio frequency unit can be used for conversion of baseband signals and radio frequency signals and processing of radio frequency signals.
  • the antenna can be used to send and receive radio frequency signals in the form of electromagnetic waves.
  • the radio frequency unit may only be regarded as the transceiver 1503, and then the communication device 1500 may include a processor 1501, a memory 1502, a transceiver 1503, and an antenna at this time.
  • the communication device 1500 may also include an input and output device, such as a touch screen, a display screen, or a keyboard, etc., which can be used to receive data input by the user and output data to the user. It should be noted that some types of communication devices may not have input and output devices.
  • the processor 1501 may perform baseband processing on the data to be sent, and output the baseband signal to the radio frequency unit.
  • the radio frequency unit performs radio frequency processing on the baseband signal and passes the radio frequency signal through the antenna. Send in the form of electromagnetic waves.
  • the radio frequency unit receives the radio frequency signal through the antenna, converts the radio frequency signal into a baseband signal, and outputs the baseband signal to the processor 1501, and the processor 1501 converts the baseband signal into data and applies the data to the baseband signal. To process.
  • the processor 1501 may be used to execute the steps executed by the processing module 1302 shown in FIG. 13.
  • the transceiver 1503 can be used to perform the steps performed by the communication module 1301 shown in FIG. 13.
  • the communication device may include a processor, and the processor may call an external transceiver and/or memory to implement the above-mentioned functions or steps or operations.
  • the communication device may also include a memory, and the processor can call and execute a program stored in the memory to implement the above-mentioned functions or steps or operations.
  • the communication device may also include a processor and a transceiver (or a communication interface), and the processor calls and executes a program stored in an external memory to implement the above-mentioned functions or steps or operations.
  • the communication device may also include a processor, a memory, and a transceiver.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium on which program instructions (or computer programs, instructions) are stored.
  • program instructions or computer programs, instructions
  • the The computer executes the operation performed by the UPF, the first UE, or the SMF in any one of the foregoing method embodiment and any possible implementation of the method embodiment.
  • an embodiment of the present application also provides a communication method, which may be executed by the UPF, the first UE, and the SMF. Specifically, the method may include the method shown in any one of Figures 5 and 8-12.
  • this application also provides a computer program product, including program instructions, which when called by a computer for execution, can make the computer implement any of the above method embodiments and method embodiments The operation performed by the UPF, the first UE, or the SMF in a possible implementation manner.
  • this application also provides a chip or chip system, which is coupled with a transceiver and used to implement the above method embodiment and any one of the possible implementation manners of the method embodiment.
  • the chip system may include the chip and components such as memory and communication interface.
  • this application also provides a communication system that can be used to implement the above method embodiment, any one of the possible implementation manners of the method embodiment is executed by the UPF, the first UE, or the SMF Operation.
  • the communication system has an architecture as shown in FIG. 1.
  • this application can be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, this application may adopt the form of a complete hardware embodiment, a complete software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware. Moreover, this application may adopt the form of a computer program product implemented on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program codes.
  • computer-usable storage media including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.
  • These computer program instructions can also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can guide a computer or other programmable data processing equipment to work in a specific manner, so that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including the instruction device.
  • the device implements the functions specified in one process or multiple processes in the flowchart and/or one block or multiple blocks in the block diagram.
  • These computer program instructions can also be loaded on a computer or other programmable data processing equipment, so that a series of operation steps are executed on the computer or other programmable equipment to produce computer-implemented processing, so as to execute on the computer or other programmable equipment.
  • the instructions provide steps for implementing the functions specified in one process or multiple processes in the flowchart and/or one block or multiple blocks in the block diagram.

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Abstract

本申请提供一种通信方法及装置，由UPF在接收到来自于第一用户设备的第一分组后，在第一时刻向第二用户设备进行转发，使得在第一时刻之前到达UPF的第一分组等待到第一时刻才向第二用户设备进行转发，以支持确定性发送，保证TSC分组在确定的时刻发送出去，为工业控制，远程医疗等应用提供确定性的时延保证。

Description

一种通信方法及装置
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求在2020年05月14日提交中国专利局、申请号为202010406404.6、申请名称为“一种通信方法及装置”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及通信技术领域，尤其涉及一种通信方法及装置。
背景技术
目前在3GPP时延敏感网络(time sensitive network,TSN)课题中，将5G系统(5G system，5GS)整体视为一个虚拟的TSN网桥(virtual TSN bridge)。通过在用户设备(user equipment，UE)侧叠加功能模块设备侧TSN转换器(device side TSN translator，DS-TT)以及在用户面功能(user plane function，UPF)侧叠加功能模块网络侧TSN转换器(network side TSN translator，NW-TT)的方式，令5GS适配外部的TSN系统。
当5GS与外部TSN系统进行数据传输时，可由DS-TT或者NW-TT通过保持和转发缓存(hold&forward buffering)机制让提前到达UE或UPF的时延敏感通信(time sensitive communication，TSC)分组(packet)等待到预定的时刻再发送出5GS，以保证TSC分组或者突发(burst)的确定性转发。
然而，当5GS内部进行TSN分组传输时，TSN由一个UE发送至UPF，再由UPF转发至5GS中的另一个UE，该过程中，TSN分组的转发不会经由NW-TT，UPF在接收到TSN分组后会立即进行该TSN分组的转发，导致不能保证TSC分组的确定性转发。
发明内容
本申请提供一种通信方法及装置，以保证5GS内部的TSC分组的确定性转发。
第一方面，本申请实施例提供一种通信方法，该方法可以由UPF执行，也可以由UPF的部件(比如处理器、芯片或芯片系统等)执行。
下面以执行主体为UPF为例进行描述。根据该方法，UPF可接收到来自于第一用户设备的第一数据流的第一分组。该第一数据流的分组的发送端为第一用户设备，第一数据流的分组的接收端为第二用户设备。此外，该UPF可在第一时刻向该第二用户设备发送该第一分组。
在一种可能的设计中，该第一时刻与第三时刻、第一时长以及第二时长关联，该第三时刻为该第一分组到达该第一用户设备的入接口的时刻，该第一时长为该第一分组在该第一用户设备和DS-TT的驻留时长，该第二时长为该第一分组的上行协议数据单元PDU(protocol data unit)会话对应的分组时延预算时延(或称第一用户设备对应的分组时延预算)。第一分组的上行PDU会话，用于将该第一分组传输至UPF。其中，入接口是指第一用户设备接收第一分组所采用的接口。
在另一种可能的设计中，该第一时刻与第四时刻以及该第二时长关联，该第四时刻为 该第一分组到达该第一用户设备的出接口的时刻。其中，出接口是指第一用户设备上行发送第一分组所采用的接口。
采用以上方法，可由UPF在接收到来自于第一用户设备的第一分组后，在第一时刻向第二用户设备进行转发，使得在第一时刻之前到达UPF的第一分组等待到第一时刻才向第二用户设备进行转发，以支持确定性发送，保证TSC分组在确定的时刻发送出去，为工业控制，远程医疗等应用提供确定性的时延保证。
示例性的，UPF可在接收到第一分组后经过第四时长(或称缓存时长或缓冲(buffer)时长或驻留(residence)时长)，向第二UE发送该第一分组，其中，第四时长与第二时刻、第三时刻、第一时长以及第二时长关联，或者说第四时长是根据第二时刻、第三时刻、第一时长以及第二时长确定的，该第二时刻为UPF接收到该第一分组的时刻。
应理解，第四时长即该第一分组需要在UPF中等待的时长。或者，UPF可根据本地时间在该第一时刻向第二UE发送该第一分组。
在一种可能的设计中，该第一分组中可包括第一信息。其中，该第一信息用于指示该第三时刻，或者，用于指示该第三时刻以及该第一时长，或者用于指示第五时刻。该第五时刻与该第三时刻以及该第一时长关联。应理解，该第五时刻可以是第一分组到达第一用户设备的出接口的时刻。
在一种可能的设计中，UPF还可接收来自于会话管理功能(session management function，SMF)的逐流过滤和监管(per-stream filtering and policing，PSFP)参数。UPF还可根据该PSFP参数，确定该第三时刻。
在一种可能的设计中，该UPF可接收来自于SMF的第二信息，该第二信息用于指示该第一时长和/或第三时刻。
在一种可能的设计中，该第一分组中可包括第三信息，该第三信息可用于指示该第一时长。
在一种可能的设计中，该UPF可接收来自于SMF的第四信息，该第四信息可用于指示该第二时长。
在一种可能的设计中，UPF可接收来自于SMF的第五信息，该第五信息可用于指示第三时长。UPF可根据该第三时刻以及该第三时长，确定该第一时刻。其中，该第三时长为该第一时长与该第二时长的总和。
其中，第五信息具体可用于指示UPF根据该第三时刻以及该第三时长，确定该第一时刻。或者，第五信息可具体用于表示第三时长为第一时长与第二时长的总和，如，携带指示信息，以指示第三时长为第一时长与第二时长的总和，或者通过特定的字段携带第三时长，该字段用于指示第一时长与第二时长的总和。在一种可能的设计中，该UPF可接收来自于SMF的第六信息，该第六信息可用于指示该第四时刻。
在一种可能的设计中，该UPF接收来自于该SMF的第七信息，该第七信息用于指示第一周期，该第一周期为该第一分组从该第一用户设备发送的周期，或者该第一周期为两个分组的开始时刻之间的时间期间(或称，两个分组的开始时刻之间的时间间隔)。其中，开始时刻可以是分组到达第一用户设备的出接口的时刻。具体的，第一周期可用于指示连续发送的两个分组，分别到达第一用户设备的出接口之间的时间期间。
在一种可能的设计中，UPF可接收来自于SMF的时延敏感通信辅助信息和第四信息，所述第四信息用于指示第二时长。该时延敏感通信辅助信息可用于指示该第四时刻以及第 一周期。
在一种可能的设计中，UPF可接收来自于SMF的第八信息，该第八信息用于指示第五时刻，该第五时刻与该第三时刻以及该第一时长关联。应理解，该第五时刻可以是第一分组到达第一用户设备的出接口的时刻。
在一种可能的设计中，UPF可接收来自于SMF的第九信息，该第九信息用于指示该第一时刻。其中，第一时刻可由SMF根据第三时刻、第一时长以及第二时长确定，或者，由SMF根据第三时刻以及第三时长确定，或者由SMF根据第四时刻以及第二时长确定。
第二方面，本申请实施例提供一种通信方法，该方法可以由第一用户设备(或称第一UE)执行，也可以由第一UE的部件(比如处理器、芯片或芯片系统等)执行。
下面以执行主体为第一用户设备为例进行描述。根据该方法，第一用户设备可向UPF发送第一分组，该第一分组包括第一信息或第三信息。
其中，该第一信息用于指示第三时刻，该第三时刻为该第一分组到达该第一用户设备的入接口的时刻。该第一信息用于指示该第三时刻以及第一时长，该第一时长为该第一分组在该第一用户设备和DS-TT的驻留时长。
或者，该第一信息用于指示第五时刻，该第五时刻与该第三时刻以及该第一时长关联。应理解，该第五时刻可以是第一分组到达第一用户设备的出接口的时刻。
该第三信息用于指示该第一时长。
在一种可能的设计中，若该第一信息用于指示该第三时刻，则第一用户设备可向SMF发送第十信息，该第十信息用于指示该第一时长和/或第三时刻。
在一种可能的设计中，第一用户设备可接收来自于SMF的第十一信息，所述第十一信息包括所述第一分组的PDU会话的信息。
在一种可能的设计中，该PDU会话的信息包括PDU会话标识、服务质量(quality of service，QoS)流标识(QoS flow identifier，QFI)、媒体接入控制(media access control，MAC)地址(如，源MAC地址和/或目的MAC地址)或者虚拟局域网标识(virtual local area network identifier，VLAN ID)中的至少一个。
第三方面，本申请实施例提供一种通信方法，该方法可以由第一用户设备执行，也可以由第一用户设备的部件(比如处理器、芯片或芯片系统等)执行。
下面以执行主体为第一用户设备为例进行描述。根据该方法，第一用户设备可向SMF发送第十信息，该第十信息用于指示第一时长和/或第三时刻，该第一时长为第一分组在该第一用户设备和DS-TT的驻留时长，该第三时刻为该第一分组到达该第一用户设备的入接口的时刻。第一用户设备还可向UPF发送该第一分组。
第四方面，本申请实施例提供一种通信方法，该方法可以由SMF执行，也可以由SMF的部件(比如处理器、芯片或芯片系统等)执行。
下面以执行主体为SMF为例进行描述。根据该方法，SMF可向UPF发送PSFP参数、第二信息、第四信息、第五信息、第六信息、第七信息、时延敏感通信辅助信息、第八信息或者第九信息中的至少一个。
其中，该PSFP参数用于确定第三时刻，该第三时刻为该第一分组到达该第一用户设备的入接口的时刻。
该第二信息用于指示第一时长，该第一时长为该第一分组在该第一用户设备和DS-TT的驻留时长。
该第四信息用于指示第二时长，该第二时长为该第一分组的上行PDU会话对应的分组时延预算。
该第五信息用于指示第三时长，该第三时长为该第一时长与该第二时长的总和。
该第六信息用于指示第四时刻，该第四时刻为该第一分组到达该第一用户设备的出接口的时刻。其中，出接口是指第一用户设备上行发送第一分组所采用的接口。
该第七信息用于指示第一周期，该第一周期为该第一分组从该第一用户设备发送的周期，或者说，第一周期是两个分组的开始时刻之间的时间期间。
该第八信息用于指示第五时刻，该第五时刻与该第三时刻以及该第一时长关联。应理解，该第五时刻可以是第一分组到达第一用户设备的出接口的时刻。
该第九信息用于指示该第一时刻。
该第十一信息用于指示该第一时刻，该第一时刻与该第四时刻以及该第二时长关联。
在一种可能的设计中，SMF可在向UPF发送该第二信息、第五信息、所述第九信息中的至少一个之前，接收来自于该第一用户设备的第十信息，该第十信息用于指示该第一时长和/或第三时刻。
在一种可能的设计中，SMF可确定该第一分组由第一用户设备发送至第二用户设备，并向该第一用户设备发送第十一信息，该第十一信息包括该第一分组的PDU会话的信息。
在一种可能的设计中，该PDU会话的信息包括该PDU会话标识、QFI、MAC地址或VLAN ID中的至少一个。
在一种可能的设计中，在发送第九信息之前，SMF可根据第三时刻、第一时长以及第二时长，或根据第三时刻以及第三时长，或根据第四时刻以及第二时长，确定第一时刻。
第四方面，本申请实施例提供一种通信方法，该方法可由UPF、第一用户设备以及SMF执行。具体的，UPF可用于执行上述第一方面或第一方面的任一可能的设计中所示的方法，第一用户设备可用于执行上述第二方面或第二方面的任一可能的设计中所示的方法，SMF可用于执行上述第三方面或第三方面的任一可能的设计中所示的方法。
第五方面，本申请实施例提供一种通信装置，所述通信装置用于实现上述第一方面或第一方面的各个可能的设计示例中UPF的功能。所述功能可以通过硬件实现，也可以通过硬件执行相应的软件实现。所述硬件或软件包括一个或多个与上述功能相对应的模块。
在一个可能的设计中，所述通信装置的结构中可包括通信模块和处理模块，这些模块可以执行上述第一方面或第一方面的各个可能的设计示例中UPF的相应功能，具体参见第一方面中的详细描述，此处不做赘述。
在一个可能的设计中，所述通信装置的结构中包括处理器，可选的还包括通信接口和存储器。所述通信接口可用于收发信息或数据，以及用于该通信装置与网络系统中的其他通信装置进行通信交互。所述处理器被配置为支持所述通信装置执行上述第一方面或第一方面的各个可能的设计示例中UPF的相应的功能。所述存储器与所述处理器耦合，用于保存所述第一通信装置必要的程序指令和数据。
示例性的，该通信装置为UPF或UPF中的组件，如芯片、收发器等等。
第六方面，本申请实施例提供一种通信装置，所述通信装置用于实现上述第二方面或第二方面的各个可能的设计示例中第一用户设备的功能。所述功能可以通过硬件实现，也可以通过硬件执行相应的软件实现。所述硬件或软件包括一个或多个与上述功能相对应的模块。
在一个可能的设计中，所述通信装置的结构中可包括通信模块和处理模块，这些模块可以执行上述第二方面或第二方面的各个可能的设计示例中第一用户设备的相应功能，具体参见方法示例中的详细描述，此处不做赘述。
在一个可能的设计中，所述通信装置的结构中包括处理器，可选的还包括通信接口(如无线收发器)和存储器。所述通信接口可用于收发信息或数据，以及用于该通信装置与网络系统中的其他通信装置进行通信交互。所述处理器被配置为支持所述通信装置执行上述第二方面或第二方面的各个可能的设计示例中第一用户设备的相应的功能。所述存储器与所述处理器耦合，用于保存所述第一通信装置必要的程序指令和数据。
示例性的，该通信装置为UE或UE中的组件，如芯片、收发器等等。
第七方面，本申请实施例提供一种通信装置，所述通信装置用于实现上述第三方面或第三方面的各个可能的设计示例中SMF的功能。所述功能可以通过硬件实现，也可以通过硬件执行相应的软件实现。所述硬件或软件包括一个或多个与上述功能相对应的模块。
在一个可能的设计中，所述通信装置的结构中可包括通信模块和处理模块，这些模块可以执行上述第三方面或第三方面的各个可能的设计示例中SMF的相应功能，具体参见方法示例中的详细描述，此处不做赘述。
在一个可能的设计中，所述通信装置的结构中包括处理器，可选的还包括通信接口和存储器。所述通信接口可用于收发信息或数据，以及用于该通信装置与网络系统中的其他通信装置进行通信交互。所述处理器被配置为支持所述通信装置执行上述第三方面或第三方面的各个可能的设计示例中SMF的相应的功能。所述存储器与所述处理器耦合，用于保存所述第一通信装置必要的程序指令和数据。
示例性的，该通信装置为基站或基站中的组件，如芯片、收发器等等。
第八方面，本申请实施例提供一种通信系统。该通信系统可包括以上第五方面及提供的通信装置，以及包括以上第六方面提供的通信装置，以及包括以上第七方面提供的通信装置。
第九方面，本申请提供一种计算机存储介质，所述计算机存储介质中存储有程序或，当其在计算机上被调用执行时，使得计算机执行上述第一方面或第一方面的任意一种可能的设计、第二方面或第二方面的任意一种可能的设计或第三方面或第三方面的任意一种可能的设计中所述的方法。
第十方面，本申请提供一种计算机程序产品，该计算基础产品可包含程序或指令，当所述计算机程序产品在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行上述第一方面或第一方面的任意一种可能的设计、第二方面或第二方面的任意一种可能的设计或第三方面或第三方面的任意一种可能的设计中所述的方法。
第十一方面，本申请提供一种芯片或包含芯片的芯片系统，该芯片可包括处理器。该芯片还可以包括存储器(或存储模块)和/或收发器(或通信模块)。该芯片可用于执行上述第一方面或第一方面的任意一种可能的设计、第二方面或第二方面的任意一种可能的设计或第三方面或第三方面的任意一种可能的设计中所述的方法。该芯片系统可以由上述芯片构成，也可以包含上述芯片和其他分立器件，如存储器(或存储模块)和/或收发器(或通信模块)。
上述第二方面至第十一方面及其可能的设计中的有益效果可以参考对第一方面及其任一可能的设计中所述方法的有益效果的描述。
附图说明
图1为本申请实施例提供的一种通信系统的架构示意图；
图2为本申请实施例提供的一种分组传输的逻辑过程示意图；
图3为本申请实施例提供的另一种分组传输的逻辑过程示意图；
图4为本申请实施例提供的另一种分组传输的逻辑过程示意图；
图5为本申请实施例提供的一种通信方法的流程示意图；
图6为本申请实施例提供的另一种分组传输的逻辑过程示意图；
图7为本申请实施例提供的一种第三时刻、第一时长以及第二时长的指示方式示意图；
图8为本申请实施例提供的另一种通信方法的流程示意图；
图9为本申请实施例提供的另一种通信方法的流程示意图；
图10为本申请实施例提供的另一种通信方法的流程示意图；
图11为本申请实施例提供的另一种通信方法的流程示意图；
图12为本申请实施例提供的另一种通信方法的流程示意图；
图13为本申请实施例提供的一种通信装置的结构示意图；
图14为本申请实施例提供的另一种通信装置的结构示意图；
图15为本申请实施例提供的另一种通信装置的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
为了提高多播传输频域资源指示的灵活性，本申请提供一种通信方法。下面将结合附图对本申请作进一步地详细描述。应理解，下面所介绍的方法实施例中的具体操作方法也可以应用于装置实施例或系统实施例中。
本申请实施例提供的通信方法可应用于如图1所示的无线通信系统100。
如图1所示，5GS可作为一个TSN网桥与其他的TSN系统进行通信。其中，DS-TT以及NW-TT可分别作为5GS与其他TSN系统之间的转换器，实现5GS与其他TSN系统的连接。
如图1所示的5GS中，可包括策略控制功能(policy control function，PCF)、应用功能(application function，AF)、接入与移动性管理功能(access and mobility management function，AMF)、会话管理功能(session management function，SMF)、(无线)接入网((radio)access network，(R)AN)设备以及UPF等。
为方便说明，后续以(R)AN设备称为RAN为例进行说明。RAN可以是基站，具体可以是LTE系统中的演进型基站(evolutional nodeB，eNB或eNodeB)、小基站(micro/picoeNB)或传输接收节点(transmission/reception point，TRP)还可以是云无线接入网络(cloud radio access network，CRAN)场景下的无线控制器。或者，RAN可以为中继站、接入点、可穿戴设备以及未来5G网络中的基站或者未来演进的PLMN网络中的基站等，例如，新一代节点B(generated node B，gNB)，本申请实施例并不限定。第三通信装置也可以是具有通信模块或可连接至通信模块的芯片，如基站中的芯片。
以上所示AMF是由运营商网络提供的控制面网元，负责终端接入运营商网络时的接入控制和移动性管理，其具备例如移动状态管理，分配用户临时身份标识，认证和授权用户等功能。应理解，在未来通信如第六代(the 6th generation，6G)中，AMF仍可以是AMF， 或具备其它的名称，本申请不做限定。
以上PCF是由运营商提供的控制面功能，用于向SMF提供协议数据单元PDU(protocol data unit)会话(session)的策略。这里所述的策略，可以包括计费相关策略、服务质量(quality of service，QoS)相关策略、数据流识别和导向(或称转发)策略和授权相关策略等。应理解，在未来通信如6G中，PCF可以是PCF，或有其它的名称，本申请不做限定。
以上所示SMF是由运营商网络提供的控制面网元，负责管理终端的PDU会话，或称，SMF服务于终端的PDU会话。PDU会话是一个用于传输PDU的通道，终端需要通过PDU会话与DN互相传送PDU。PDU会话由SMF负责建立、维护和删除等。SMF包括会话管理(如会话建立、修改和释放，包含UPF和RAN之间的隧道维护)、UPF的选择和控制、业务和会话连续性(service and session continuity，SSC)模式选择、漫游等会话相关的功能。SMF可用于选择为用户进行服务的UPF，比如选择更靠近用户所在基站的UPF，来降低用户收发包时延。此外，SMF可根据PDU会话的信息(如，业务类型信息、MAC地址信息等)，识别PDU会话是否用于5GS内部的UE与UE之间的数据传输。应理解，在未来通信如6G中，SMF仍可以是SMF，或有其它的名称，本申请不做限定。
UPF可作为协议数据单元锚点(PDU session anchor)，访问应用服务器，从而支持UE与应用服务器之间传输业务数据。对于TSC业务来说，UPF可用于执行5GS内部，或5GS与其他的TSN系统之间TSC分组的传输。其中，TSC分组也可称为TSC业务分组，用于携带TSC业务的数据。TSC业务是对于传输时延要求较高的业务，例如工业控制、远程手术等。
以上AF可用于选择、重选、定位、重定位应用的AS，并与核心网进行交互。在实际应用中，AF也可以是独立于AS的单独的装置，或者AF也可以与AS合设，本发明对此不进行具体限定。
如图1所示，5GS可通过DS-TT与终端站点(end station)进行TSC分组传输。其中，终端站点可以是工业控制、远程手术等场景下的设备，也可是TSN网桥。示例性的，终端站点可以是工厂设备如机械手臂等。
可选的，DS-TT可与UE合设，比如，DS-TT作为UE内部的一个模块(如包括逻辑模块和/或硬件组件)。或者，DS-TT可与UE独立设置。当UE需要将TSC分组发送至其他TSN系统时，该TSC分组需要经过DS-TT进行处理后再发送至其他的TSN系统。
同理，NW-TT可与UPF合设，比如，NW-TT作为UPF内部的一个模块。或者，NW-TT可与UPF独立设置。当UPF需要将TSN分组发送至其他TSN系统时，该TSC分组需要经过NW-TT进行处理后再发送至其他的TSN系统。
在分组跨越TSN系统时，DS-TT和NW-TT需要对分组进行封装格式转化等操作，以满足不同的TSN系统对于TSN分组的封装格式需求。除此之外，在DS-TT和NW-TT中还有一个称为hold&forward buffering的机制，即让提前到达的TSC分组等待到预定的时刻再发送。其中，分组跨越TSN系统，在本申请中是指分组从一个TSN系统发送至5GS，或者，是指分组从5GS发送至另一个TSN系统。
例如图2所示，一个TSC业务分组从UPF发往UE，分组在10点的时候从NW-TT的入接口进入5GS，其中，NW-TT的入接口是指NW-TT接收来自于5GS以外的TSN系统的TSC分组所采用的接口。按照规划，这个TSC分组应当(或称预计)在10点40毫秒(ms)的时候从DS-TT上的接口从5GS向外发送。然而实际传输的过程中，由于此时 的网络状况比较好，如果TSC分组在10点35ms的时候就已经到达了DS-TT，则根据hold&forward buffering机制，该TSC分组需要在DS-TT中等待5ms，直到预期的10点40ms才能从DS-TT发送出去。
hold&forward buffering机制的好处在于，能够支持TSC分组的确定性转发。确定性转发是指，分组发送节点(在本申请中，比如UPF)在某个时间节点以一定的周期开放发送窗口，使得大量分组(可称为burst)在该时间节点突发性地发送，其余时间则关闭发送窗口，在发送窗口关闭的时间内，即便有需要发送的分组到达分组发送节点，也不会进行分组的发送，而是等待开放发送窗口的时间到达。TSC分组的突发发送机制中，可由网络侧向接入网设备(如基站)发送时延敏感通信辅助信息(time sensitive communication assistance information，TSCAI)，TSCAI中携带突发分组到达时间(burst arrival time)参数，对于上行传输，该参数用于指示burst从UE发送出去的时刻；对于下行传输，该参数用于指示burst到达接入网设备的时间。此外，TSCAI还可以携带burst发送的周期(即第一周期)。下面分别针对下行传输和上行传输过程对TSCAI工作的原理进行说明。
如图3所示，对于下行传输，burst arrival time是指burst到达接入网设备的入接口的时刻，该时刻等于burst到达NW-TT的入接口的时刻加上核心网分组时延预算(core network-packet delay budget，CN-PDB)。其中，CN-PDB等于分组在UPF以及NW-TT驻留(residence)的最大时长，加上分组从UPF的出口传输到RAN的入接口的最大传输时延。应理解，分组在UPF以及NW-TT驻留的最大时长，包括UPF以及NW-TT对分组进行操作处理以及转发两部分的时延。
如图4所示，在上行传输的时候(从第一UE到UPF)，burst arrival time是指burst到达UE的出接口的时刻，此后burst将发送至接入网设备，该时刻等于burst到达DS-TT入接口的时刻加上UE和DS-TT的驻留时长(UE-DS-TT residence time)。其中，该出接口是指第一UE上行发送第一分组所采用的接口。UE-DS-TT Residence Time等于分组在UE和DS-TT驻留的最大时长。应理解，分组在UE和DS-TT驻留的最大时长，包括UE和DS-TT对分组进行操作处理以及转发两部分的时延。
基于上述说明，接入网设备可根据TSCAI获知上行以及下行burst到达接入网设备的时间，从而保障在burst到达时，接入网设备有充足的资源用于burst的发送。
然而，针对UE-UE之间的TSC分组转发过程，TSC分组会从一个UE进入5GS，并需要发送至5GS中的另一个UE，其中，该TSC分组经过上行传输到达UPF后，由UPF进行本地交换(local switch)操作后转入下行传输，到达该另一个UE。由于TSC分组并不会经过NW-TT，不能由NW-TT对TSC分组执行hold&forward buffering机制，UPF在接收到每个TSC分组后，会立即执行该TSC分组的下行转发，比如，TSC分组可能在任何时刻到达接入网设备。因此，接入网设备无法按照TSCAI类似的机制获知分组到达的时间和周期，接入网设备有可能没有充足的资源用于burst的转发。
为解决上述技术问题，本申请实施例提供一种通信方法。该方法可由图1所示的UPF执行。
如图5所示，该方法可包括以下步骤：
S101：UPF接收到来自于第一UE的第一数据流的第一分组。
其中，该第一数据流的分组的发送端为第一UE，该第一数据流的分组的接收端为第二UE。
可选的，该第一分组为TSC分组。
S102：UPF在第一时刻向该第二UE发送该第一分组。
示例性的，第一时刻与第三时刻、第一时长以及第二时长关联。该第三时刻为该第一分组到达该第一UE的入接口的时刻(或称，到达第一UE的时刻)，该第一时长为该第一分组在该第一UE和DS-TT的驻留时长(或称UE-DS-TT residence time)，该第二时长为第一分组的上行PDU会话对应的分组时延预算(或称第一用户设备对应的分组时延预算PDB)。其中，第一UE的入接口是指第一UE接收第一分组所采用的接口。
或者，第一时刻与第四时刻以及该第二时长关联。其中，该第四时刻为该第一分组到达该第一用户设备的出接口的时刻，即上行传输的burst arrival time。在该第四时刻，UE的出接口开始第一分组的上行传输。
基于图5所示方法，UPF在接收到来自于第一UE的第一分组后，可根据第一时刻将第一分组转发至第二UE，使得提前到达UPF的第一分组等待到第一时刻才进行向第二UE的转发，以支持确定性发送，保证TSC分组在确定的时刻发送出去，为工业控制，远程医疗等应用提供确定性的时延保证。
示例性的，在S102的实施中，UPF可在接收到第一分组后经过第四时长，向第二UE发送该第一分组，其中，第四时长与第二时刻、第三时刻、第一时长以及第二时长关联，该第二时刻为UPF接收到该第一分组的时刻。具体的，第四时长＝第一时长+第二时长-(第二时刻-第三时刻)。应理解，第四时长是为了支持确定性发送，该第一分组需要在UPF中等待的时长。或者，UPF可在本地时间为该第一时刻时，向第二UE发送第一分组。
在S102的一种可能的示例中，第一时刻与第三时刻、第一时长以及第二时长关联。
下面结合附图对以上第二时刻、第三时刻、第一时长以及第二时长进行说明。
如图6所示，在第一分组从第一UE经由UPF转发至第二UE的过程中，第一分组在上行传输过程中的理论时延，是指第一分组从进入DS-TT(或者，在DS-TT作为第一UE中的组件是)开始，到第一分组到达UPF并由UPF完成转发第一分组之前的处理过程所需的理论时长。
示例性的，本申请中可认为该理论时长与第一分组在DS-TT和第一UE中停留的理论时长(即第一时长)(即图6所示的UE-DS-TT residence time，在本申请中可称为第一时长)，和该第一分组所属的上行PDU会话对应的分组时延预算(packet delay budget，PDB)(即图6所示PDB1，在本申请中可称为第二时长)相关联。PDB1用于指示在向5GS以外的TSN系统发送上行分组时，上行分组在从第一UE发出的时刻到上行分组发送出5GS前，RAN、UPF以及NW-TT对上行分组的处理和转发时长的总和，或者说，PDB1指示该上行分组在从第一UE发出后，到NW-TT将上行分组发出5GS之前，上行分组在5GS中驻留的时长。具体的，该理论时长等于图6所示的第一UE和DS-TT的驻留时长与PDB1的和(该理论时长在本申请中可称为第三时长)。此外，图6所示PDB2表示第一分组的下行QoS流对应的PDB。第二UE和DS-TT的驻留时长表示第一分组在DS-TT和第二UE中驻留的时长。
该理论时长的意义在于，UPF按照该理论时长确定第一时刻，使得第一分组在从进入DS-TT(或第一UE)后经过该理论时长，在第一时刻开始进行第一分组的下行传输。
此外，在确定该第一时刻的过程中，UPF除了需要获知该理论时长外，还需要获知第一分组实际上进入DS-TT(或第一UE)的时刻(即第三时刻)，以及UPF实际上接收到 第一分组的时刻(即第二时刻)。其中，UE可以在接收到第一分组时，读取本地时间戳以获得第三时刻。UPF可在接收到第一分组时读取本地时间戳，获得第二时刻。
据此，UPF可获取第一时长、第二时长，并确定第一时长与第二时长的和，或者说，UPF可获取第三时长。以及，UPF可获取第三时刻和第二时刻之间的时长(即，第二时刻减去第三时刻所得时长)。
此后，UPF可根据第一时长、第二时长以及第三时刻，确定该第一时刻。进一步的，UPF可在本地时间戳为该第一时刻时，向第二UE发送该第一分组。
或者，UPF可根据第一时长与第二时长的和，以及，第三时刻和第二时刻之间的时长，确定第一分组需要在UPF中停留的时长(即第四时长)。进一步的，UPF可在接收到第一分组后经过该第四时长，向第二UE发送该第一分组。
或者，UPF可在根据第一时长、第二时长以及第三时刻确定该第一时刻后，根据第一时刻以及第二时刻，确定第四时长。进一步的，UPF可在接收到第一分组后经过该第四时长，向第二UE发送该第一分组。
具体的，如图7所示，可由第一UE向SMF发送第十信息，该第十信息可包括第一时长的信息，以指示第一时长，以及，可由SMF向UPF发送第二信息，该第二信息可指示第一时长。其中，第一UE可基于SMF的请求，或根据默认配置，将该第一时长的信息发送至SMF。或者，该第一时长的信息可由第一UE发送至UPF。具体的，第一UE可将第一时长的信息携带在第一分组中，由UPF在接收到第一分组后从第一分组中获取该第一时长的信息。此外，若UE向SMF发送的第十信息还可以包括指示第三时刻的信息，则SMF可向UPF发送第二信息，该第二信息可用于指示第一时长和/或第三时刻。
此外，可由SMF向UPF发送第四信息，第四信息用于指示第二时长。当由SMF向UPF指示第一时长以及第二时长时，SMF可通过同一个消息指示第一时长以及第二时长，比如，第二信息以及第四信息可分别携带在同一个消息的不同字段中；或者，第二信息以及第四信息可分别携带在不同的消息中。
此外，也可由SMF将第一时长以及第二时长的计算结果告知UPF，比如，SMF向UPF指示第三时长，该第三时长与第一时长以及第二时长关联。
示例性的，SMF可向UPF发送第五信息，该第五信息用于指示该第三时长。此外，该第五信息还可用于指示UPF根据该第三时刻以及该第三时长，确定该第一时刻。或者，第五信息可具体用于表示第三时长为第一时长与第二时长的总和，从而UPF可根据第三时长确定第一时刻，比如，第五信息可包括指示信息，以指示第三时长为第一时长与第二时长的总和，或者第五信息可通过特定的字段携带第三时长，该字段用于指示第一时长与第二时长的总和。
该第三时刻的信息可由第一UE发送至UPF。其中，第一UE可基于SMF的配置，将该第三时刻的信息发送至UPF。具体的，如图7所示，第一UE可将第三时刻的信息携带在第一分组中，例如第三时刻的信息可携带在第一分组的第一信息中。由UPF在接收到第一分组后从第一分组中获取该第三时刻的信息。该第三时刻的信息可以是第一UE接收到第一分组时的时间戳(Tsi)。
或者，该第三时刻的信息，可由UE发送至SMF，比如，第一UE向SMF发送第十信息，该第十信息包括第三时刻的信息，用于指示该第三时刻，再由SMF向UPF发送第三信息，该第三信息用于指示第三时刻。此外，可由SMF将第一时长以及第三时刻的计算 结果告知UPF，比如，第一UE向UPF发送第八信息，该第八信息可用于指示第五时刻，该第五时刻与第一时长以及第三时刻关联。具体的，第五时刻为第三时刻之后的与第三时刻之间时间间隔为第一时长的时刻，比如，第五时刻是第一分组到达第一UE的出接口的时刻。
另外，可由SMF将第一时刻的计算结果告知UPF，比如，SMF向UPF发送第九信息，该第九信息可用于指示第一时刻。其中，第一时刻可以是根据第三时刻以及第三时长确定的。或者说，该第一时刻与第三时刻以及第三时长关联。具体的，第一时刻为第三时刻之后的与第三时刻之间时间间隔为第三时长的时刻。
或者，第一时刻可以是根据第三时刻、第一时长以及第二时长确定的，或者说，该第一时刻与第三时刻、第一时长以及第二时长关联。具体的，第一时刻为第三时刻之后的与第三时刻之间时间间隔为第一时长与第二时长的总和的时刻。
当由第一UE向UPF指示第三时刻以及第一时长时，UE可通过同一个消息或通过第一分组中的不同字段指示第三时刻以及第一时长；或者，第一时长的信息以及第三时刻的信息可分别携带在不同的消息中。此外，也可由第一UE将第三时刻与第一时长的计算结果告知UPF，比如，第一UE向UPF指示第五时刻，该第五时刻与第三时刻以及第一时长关联。具体的，第五时刻为第三时刻之后的与第三时刻之间时间间隔为第一时长的时刻。应理解，第五时刻可以是第一分组到达第一UE的出接口的时刻。
示例性的，第五时刻的信息可携带在第一分组中，例如，通过第一信息指示第五时刻。此外，可由SMF根据第三时刻以及第一时长确定第五时刻，并通过第八信息向UPF指示第五时刻。
应理解，第二时刻的信息可由UPF获取，该第二时刻的信息可用于指示第二时刻。具体的，UPF可获取接收到第一分组的时间戳(Tsm)，该时间戳即第二时刻的信息，该时间戳指示的时刻即第二时刻。
此外，根据图7可知，对于周期性发送的第一分组，还可由SMF将第一分组的逐流过滤和监管(per-stream filtering and policing，PSFP)参数发送至UPF，由UPF根据PSFP参数确定第三时刻。应理解，该PSFP参数与UE-UE TSC的一个QoS流对应，不同的UE之间的TSC业务的QoS流或者相同的两个UE之间的不同QoS流的PSFP参数可以不同。
具体的，SMF可向UPF发送PSFP管理基本时间(PSFPAdminBaseTime)参数、PSFP管理循环时间(PSFPAdminCycleTime)参数和/或时间间隔值(timeIntervalValues)等参数。PF可为每个UE-UE TSC中上行传输对应的QoS flow维护一个计数器(counter)，根据PSFPAdminBaseTime指示的时刻(该时刻为第一个周期性发送的分组到达第一UE的入接口的时刻，以下可通过PSFPAdminCycleTime表示该时刻，比如10点30分)将对应的QoS Flow的counter置为0，此后每过PSFPAdminCycleTime指示的时长(该时长为分组的发送周期，以下可通过PSFPAdminCycleTime表示该时长，比如1分钟)，就将counter值加1。则分组在上行传输中的实际时长为Tsm-(PSFPAdminBaseTime+PSFPAdminCycleTime*counter)，其中，Tsm表示第二时刻，(PSFPAdminBaseTime+PSFPAdminCycleTime*counter)可视为第三时刻。
此后，可由UPF根据第一时长、第二时长以及(PSFPAdminBaseTime+PSFPAdminCycleTime*counter)，确定第一时刻，并在本地时间为该第一时刻时，发送该第一分组。
或者，UPF可根据上述第一时长与第二时长的和(或者根据第三时长)与该实际时长的差，确定第四时长。
或者，也可由UPF根据该第一时刻和第二时刻，确定第四时长。
在S102另外的一种可能的实施方式中，第一时刻与第四时刻以及该第二时长关联。其中，该第四时刻为该第一分组到达该第一UE的出接口的时刻。第二时长即图6所示的PDB1，因此，从第四时刻开始经过第二时长，为第一分组结束上行传输开始进行下行传输的理论时刻，即第一时刻，因此UPF可在该第一时刻，将第一分组发送至第二UE。
其中，可由SMF向UPF发送第六信息以及第四信息，该第六信息可用于指示第四时刻，该第四信息可用于指示第二时长。此外，SMF还可向UPF发送第七信息，该第七信息可用于指示突发发送的周期，即第一周期。第一周期比如是第一分组从第一UE发出的周期，或者说是两个分组的开始时刻之间的时间期间。其中，开始时刻可以是分组到达第一UE的出接口的时刻。具体的，第一周期可用于指示连续发送的两个分组，分别到达第一UE的出接口之间的时间期间。
示例性的，SMF可向UPF发送TSCAI，TSCAI用于指示该第四时刻以及该第一周期。
此外，也可由SMF根据该第四时刻以及第二时长，确定该第一时刻，并由SMF向UPF发送第九信息，该第九信息用于指示该第一时刻。
下面结合附图，介绍本申请实施例提供的通信方法的实施流程。
示例性的，如图8所示，本申请实施例提供的一种通信方法可包括以下步骤：
S201：第一UE在建立PDU会话的过程中，向SMF发送第十信息。
其中，该第十信息用于指示第一时长。
S202：SMF确定有第一UE与其他UE(如第二UE)之间的TSC通信。比如，确定该PDU会话用于第一UE与其他UE之间的数据传输，或确定PDU会话用于第一UE的一个DS-TT上的不同接口之间的数据传输，或者确定PDU会话用于第一UE的不同DS-TT的不同接口之间的数据传输。
其中，SMF可确定第一UE通过PDU会话向第二UE发送TSC分组。
S203：SMF向UPF发送第二信息以及第四信息。
其中，第二信息用于指示该第一时长，第四信息用于指示第二时长。
S204：SMF向第一UE发送第十一信息。
其中，该第十一信息可包括该PDU会话的信息，以指示该PDU会话。例如，第十一信息可携带PDU会话标识、QoS流标识(QoS flow identifier，QFI)、媒体接入控制(media access control，MAC)地址或者虚拟局域网标识(virtual local area network identifier，VLAN ID)等信息。其中，MAC地址可包括源MAC地址和/或目的MAC地址。
该第十一信息可承载于SMF发送至第一UE的PDU会话修改消息(PDU session modification message)。
S205：第一UE根据第十一信息，确定第一分组到达第一UE的入接口的时刻(即第三时刻)。
其中，第一分组对应于第十一信息指示的PDU会话的信息，比如，第一分组对应的PDU会话标识与第十一信息指示的PDU会话标识一致，或者，第一分组对应的QFI为第十一信息所指示的QFI，或者，第一分组的源MAC地址为第十一信息所指示的源MAC地址，或者，第一分组的目的MAC地址为第十一信息所指示的目的MAC地址，或者，第 一分组的虚拟局域网标识VLAN ID与第十一信息指示的虚拟局域网标识一致。
当第一分组到达第一UE后，第一UE可读取当前的系统时间以获取该第一分组到达第一UE的入接口的时刻，作为第三时刻。
S206：第一UE向UPF发送第一分组，该第一分组中携带有第一信息。
其中，第一信息用于指示第三时刻。
相应地，UPF接收该第一分组。
S207：UPF在第一时刻向第二UE发送该第一分组。
其中，第一时刻根据第三时刻、第一时长以及第二时长确定。第三时刻由UPF根据第一信息获取。第一时长由UPF根据第二信息获取。第二时长由UPF根据第四信息获取。
具体的，可根据以下公式确定第一时刻：
第一时刻＝第一时长+第二时长+第三时刻。
UPF可在本地时间为该第一时刻时，发送该第一分组。或者，UPF可在第二时刻接收到第一分组后经过(第一时长+第二时长-(第二时刻-第三时刻))，向第二UE发送该第一分组。其中，UPF在接收到第一分组时确定第二时刻。
如图9所示，本申请实施例提供的一种通信方法可包括以下步骤：
S301：SMF确定有第一UE与其他UE(如第二UE)之间的TSC通信。
其中，SMF可确定第一UE通过PDU会话向第二UE发送TSC分组。
S302：SMF向UPF发送第四信息。
其中，第四信息用于指示第二时长。
S303：SMF向第一UE发送第十一信息。
其中，该第十一信息包括该PDU会话的信息，例如，PDU会话标识、PDU会话的QFI、MAC地址或者VLAN ID等信息。
该第十一信息可承载于SMF发送至第一UE的PDU会话修改消息。
S304：第一UE根据第十一信息，确定第一分组到达第一UE的入接口的时刻(即第三时刻)。
当第一分组到达第一UE后，第一UE可获取该第一分组到达第一UE的入接口的时刻，作为第三时刻。
S305：第一UE向UPF发送第一分组，该第一分组中携带有第一信息。
第一信息用于指示第三时刻以及第一时长。该第一信息是第一UE根据第十一信息在第一分组中携带的。
相应地，UPF接收该第一分组。
S306：UPF在第一时刻向第二UE发送该第一分组。
其中，第一时刻根据第三时刻、第一时长以及第二时长确定。其中，第三时刻由UPF根据第一信息获取。第一时长由UPF根据第一信息获取。第二时长由UPF根据第四信息获取。
具体的，可根据以下公式确定第一时刻：
第一时刻＝第一时长+第二时长+第三时刻。
UPF可在本地时间为该第一时刻时，发送该第一分组。或者，UPF可在第二时刻接收到第一分组后经过(第一时长+第二时长-(第二时刻-第三时刻))，向第二UE发送该第一分组。其中，UPF在接收到第一分组时确定第二时刻。
示例性的，如图10所示，本申请实施例提供的一种通信方法可包括以下步骤：
S401：第一UE在建立PDU会话的过程中，向SMF发送第十信息。
其中，该第十信息用于指示第一时长。
S402：SMF确定有第一UE与其他UE(如第二UE)之间的TSC通信。
其中，SMF可确定第一UE通过PDU会话向第二UE发送TSC分组。
S403：SMF向UPF发送第二信息、第四信息以及PSFP参数。
其中，第二信息用于指示该第一时长，第四信息用于指示第二时长，PSFP参数用于确定第三时刻。
S404：第一UE向UPF发送第一分组。
相应地，UPF接收该第一分组。
S405：UPF在第一时刻向第二UE发送该第一分组。
其中，第一时刻根据第三时刻、第一时长以及第二时长确定。其中，第三时刻由UPF根据PSFP参数确定。第一时长由UPF根据第二信息获取。第二时长由UPF根据第四信息获取。
具体的，可根据以下公式确定第一时刻：
第一时刻＝第一时长+第二时长+第三时刻。
UPF可在本地时间为该第一时刻时，发送该第一分组。或者，UPF可在第二时刻接收到第一分组后经过(第一时长+第二时长-(第二时刻-第三时刻))，向第二UE发送该第一分组。其中，UPF在接收到第一分组时确定第二时刻。
如图11所示，本申请实施例提供的一种通信方法可包括以下步骤：
S501：SMF确定有第一UE与其他UE(如第二UE)之间的TSC通信。
其中，SMF可确定第一UE通过PDU会话向第二UE发送TSC分组。
S502：SMF向UPF发送第四信息以及PSFP参数。
其中，第四信息用于指示第二时长，PSFP参数用于确定第三时刻。
S503：SMF向第一UE发送第十一信息。
其中，该第十一信息包括该PDU会话的信息，例如PDU会话标识、QFI、MAC地址或VLAN ID等信息。
该第十一信息可承载于SMF发送至第一UE的PDU会话修改消息。
S504：第一UE向UPF发送第一分组，该第一分组中携带有第三信息。
第三信息用于指示第三时刻以及第一时长。第一UE可根据该第十一信息，在第一分组中携带该第三信息。
相应地，UPF接收该第一分组。
S505：UPF在第一时刻向第二UE发送该第一分组。
其中，第一时刻根第三时刻、第一时长以及第二时长确定。其中，第三时刻由UPF根据PSFP参数确定。第一时长由UPF根据第三信息获取。第二时长由UPF根据第四信息获取。
具体的，可根据以下公式确定第一时刻：
第一时刻＝第一时长+第二时长+第三时刻。
UPF可在本地时间为该第一时刻时，发送该第一分组。或者，UPF可在第二时刻接收到第一分组后经过(第一时长+第二时长-(第二时刻-第三时刻))，向第二UE发送该第一 分组。其中，UPF在接收到第一分组时确定第二时刻。
如图12所示，本申请实施例提供的一种通信方法可包括以下步骤：
S601：SMF确定有第一UE与其他UE(如第二UE)之间的TSC通信。
其中，SMF可确定第一UE通过PDU会话向第二UE发送TSC分组。
S602：SMF向UPF发送时延敏感通信辅助信息TSCAI和第四信息。
其中，TSCAI用于指示第四时刻及第一周期。第四信息用于指示第二时长。
S603：第一UE向UPF发送第一分组。
相应地，UPF接收该第一分组。
S604：UPF在第一时刻向第二UE发送该第一分组。
其中，第一时刻根据第四时刻以及第二时长确定。其中，第四时刻根据TSCAI获取。
具体的，可根据以下公式确定第一时刻：
第一时刻＝第二时长+第四时刻。
上述本申请提供的实施例中，从UPF、第一UE以及SMF所实现的功能的角度对本申请实施例提供的方法及方法流程进行了介绍。为了实现上述本申请实施例提供的方法中的各功能，UPF、第一UE(或称第一用户设备)以及SMF可以包括硬件结构和/或软件模块，以硬件结构、软件模块、或硬件结构加软件模块的形式来实现上述各功能。上述各功能中的某个功能以硬件结构、软件模块、还是硬件结构加软件模块的方式来执行，取决于技术方案的特定应用和设计约束条件。
如图13所示，本申请实施例提供的一种通信装置可以包括通信模块1301以及处理模块1302，以上通信模块1301以及处理模块1302之间相互耦合。该通信装置1300可用于执行以上图5、图8-图12中所示的由UPF、第一UE或SMF执行的步骤。该通信模块1301可用于支持通信装置1300进行通信，通信模块1301也可被称为通信单元、通信接口、收发模块或收发单元。通信模块1301可具备无线通信功能，例如能够通过无线通信方式与其他通信装置进行通信。处理模块1302也可被称为处理单元，可用于支持该通信装置1300执行上述方法实施例中会话管理网元的处理动作，包括但不限于：生成由通信模块1301发送的信息、消息，和/或，对通信模块1301接收的信号进行解调解码等等。
具体的，在执行上述方法实施例中由UPF执行的步骤时，通信模块1301可用于接收来自于第一UE的第一数据流的第一分组。该第一数据流的分组的发送端为所述第一UE，所述第一数据流的分组的接收端为第二用户设备。所述通信模块1301用于在第一时刻向第二用户设备发送该第一分组。其中，第一时刻与第三时刻、第一时长以及第二时长关联，或者，第一时刻与第四时刻以及所述第二时长关联。
具体的，处理模块1302可根据该第一时刻与第二时刻确定第四时长，通信模块1301可在第二时刻之后经过第四时长，向第二UE发送该第一分组。其中，第四时长与第一时长、第二时长、第二时刻以及第三时刻关联。
以上第二时刻、第三时刻、第一时长、第二时长以及第四时刻分别的设置方式可参见前述说明，这里不再具体展开。
在一种可能的设计中，该第一分组中可包括第一信息。其中，该第一信息用于指示该第三时刻，或者，用于指示该第三时刻以及该第一时长，或者用于指示第五时刻。该第五时刻与该第三时刻以及该第一时长关联。应理解，第五时刻可以是第一分组到达第一UE的出接口的时刻。
在一种可能的设计中，通信模块1301还可接收来自于SMF的PSFP参数。UPF还可根据该PSFP参数，确定该第三时刻。
在一种可能的设计中，通信模块1301可接收来自于SMF的第二信息，该第二信息用于指示该第一时长和/或第三时刻。
在一种可能的设计中，该第一分组中可包括第三信息，该第三信息可用于指示该第一时长。
在一种可能的设计中，通信模块1301可接收来自于SMF的第四信息，该第四信息可用于指示该第二时长。
在一种可能的设计中，通信模块1301可接收来自于SMF的第五信息，该第五信息可用于指示第三时长。处理模块1302可根据该第三时刻以及该第三时长，确定该第一时刻。
在一种可能的设计中，该第三时长为该第一时长与该第二时长的总和。
在一种可能的设计中，通信模块1301可接收来自于SMF的第六信息，该第六信息可用于指示该第四时刻。
在一种可能的设计中，通信模块1301可接收来自于该SMF的第七信息，该第七信息用于指示第一周期，该第一周期为该第一分组从该第一UE发送的周期，或者，第一周期为两个分组的开始时刻之间的时间期间。
在一种可能的设计中，通信模块1301可接收来自于SMF的时延敏感通信辅助信息和第四信息。该时延敏感通信辅助信息可用于指示该第四时刻以及第一周期。第四信息用于指示第二时长。
在一种可能的设计中，通信模块1301可接收来自于SMF的第八信息，该第八信息用于指示第五时刻，该第五时刻与该第三时刻以及该第一时长关联。应理解，第五时刻可以是第一分组到达第一UE的出接口的时刻。
在一种可能的设计中，通信模块1301可接收来自于SMF的第九信息，该第九信息用于指示第一时刻。
在执行上述方法实施例中由第一UE执行的步骤时，一种可能的实现方式中，通信模块1301可用于向UPF发送第一分组，该第一分组包括第一信息或第三信息。
其中，该第一信息用于指示第三时刻，该第三时刻为该第一分组到达该第一UE的入接口的时刻。该第一信息用于指示该第三时刻以及第一时长，该第一时长为该第一分组在该第一UE和DS-TT的驻留时长。
或者，该第一信息用于指示第五时刻，该第五时刻与该第三时刻以及该第一时长关联。应理解，第五时刻可以是第一分组到达第一UE的出接口的时刻。
该第三信息用于指示该第一时长。
在一种可能的设计中，若该第一信息用于指示该第三时刻，则通信模块1301可向SMF发送第十信息，该第十信息用于指示该第一时长和/或第三时刻。
在一种可能的设计中，通信模块1301可接收来自于SMF的第十一信息，所述第十一信息包括所述第一分组对应的协议数据单元PDU会话的信息。
在一种可能的设计中，该PDU会话的信息包括PDU会话标识、QoS流标识、MAC地址或者VLAN ID中的至少一个。
在执行如图10所示的方法实施例中由第一UE执行的步骤时，通信模块1301可用于向SMF发送第十信息，该第十信息用于指示第一时长和/或第三时刻。
在执行上述方法实施例中由第一UE执行的步骤时，通信模块1301可用于向UPF发送PSFP参数、第二信息、第四信息、第五信息、第六信息、第七信息、时延敏感通信辅助信息、第八信息或者第九信息中的至少一个。
其中，该PSFP参数用于确定第三时刻，该第三时刻为该第一分组到达该第一UE的入接口的时刻。
该第二信息用于指示第一时长，该第一时长为该第一分组在该第一UE和设备侧TSN转换器的驻留时长。
该第四信息用于指示第二时长，该第二时长为该上行PDU会话对应的分组时延预算。
该第五信息用于指示第三时长，该第三时长为该第一时长与该第二时长的总和。
该第六信息用于指示第四时刻，该第四时刻为该第一分组到达第一UE的出接口的时刻。
该第七信息用于指示第一周期，该第一周期为该第一分组从该第一UE发送的周期，或者，第一周期为两个分组的开始时刻之间的时间期间。
该第八信息用于指示第五时刻，该第五时刻与该第三时刻以及该第一时长关联。应理解，第五时刻可以是第一分组到达第一UE的出接口的时刻。
该第九信息用于指示该第一时刻。该第一时刻与第三时刻、第一时长以及第二时长关联，或者，该第一时刻与第三时刻以及第三时长关联，或者，该第一时刻与第四时刻以及第二时长关联。
在一种可能的设计中，通信模块1301可在向UPF发送该第二信息、第五信息、所述第九信息中的至少一个之前，接收来自于该第一UE的第十信息，该第十信息用于指示该第一时长和/或第三时刻。
在一种可能的设计中，处理模块1302可确定该第一分组由第一UE发送至第二用户设备，通信模块1301可向该第一UE发送第十一信息，该第十一信息包括该第一分组对应的PDU会话的信息。
在一种可能的设计中，该PDU会话的信息包括该PDU会话的PDU会话标识、QFI、MAC地址或VLAN ID中的至少一个。
在一种可能的设计中，在通信模块1301发送第九信息之前，处理模块1302可根据第三时刻、第一时长以及第二时长，或根据第三时刻以及第三时长，或根据第四时刻以及第二时长，确定第一时刻。
在另一种可能的实现方式中，本申请实施例提供的通信装置还可由硬件组件构成，这些硬件组件例如处理器、存储器或者收发器等，以实现本申请中UPF、第一UE或SMF的功能。
为便于理解，图14中仅示出了通信装置1400执行本申请所示方法所必须的结构，本申请并不限制通信装置可具备更多组件。该通信装置1400可用于执行上述方法实施例中UPF或SMF执行的步骤。该通信装置1400可包括通信接口1401、存储器1402以及处理器1403。该通信接口1401可以用于通信装置进行通信，如用于发送或接收信号。该存储器1402与所述处理器1403耦合，可用于保存通信装置1400实现各功能所必要的程序和数据。该处理器1403被配置为支持通信装置1400执行上述方法中由UPF或SMF执行的处理功能，如确定生成由通信接口1401发送的信息、消息，和/或，对通信接口1401接收的信号进行解调解码等等。以上存储器1402以及处理器1403可集成于一体也可相互独立。
示例性的，该通信接口1401可以是通信端口，如网元之间用于通信的通信端口(或称接口)。通信接口1401也可被称为收发单元或通信单元。该处理器1403可通过处理芯片或处理电路实现。
具体的，在执行上述方法实施例中由图5、图8-图12中由UPF或SMF执行的步骤时，以上通信接口1401可用于执行通信模块1301执行的步骤。处理器1403可用于执行上述由处理模块1302执行的步骤，这里不再赘述。
图15中，以手机为例说明第一通信装置1500可能的结构。如图15所示，该通信装置1500可包括处理器1501、存储器1502以及收发器1503。
以上处理器1501可用于对通信协议以及通信数据进行处理，以及对第一通信装置进行控制，执行软件程序，处理软件程序的数据等。存储器1502可用于存储程序和数据，处理器1501可基于该程序执行本申请实施例中由第一通信装置执行的方法。
收发器1503可包括射频单元以及天线。其中，射频单元可用于基带信号与射频信号的转换以及对射频信号的处理。天线可用于收发电磁波形式的射频信号。另外，也可仅将射频单元视为收发器1503，则此时通信装置1500可包括处理器1501、存储器1502、收发器1503以及天线。
另外，该通信装置1500还可包括输入输出装置，如触摸屏、显示屏或者键盘等可用于接收用户输入的数据以及对用户输出数据的组件。需要说明的是，有些种类的通信装置可以不具有输入输出装置。
基于图15所示结构，当通信装置1500需要发送数据时，处理器1501可对待发送的数据进行基带处理后，输出基带信号至射频单元，射频单元将基带信号进行射频处理后将射频信号通过天线以电磁波的形式进行发送。当有数据发送到通信装置1500时，射频单元通过天线接收到射频信号，将射频信号转换为基带信号，并将基带信号输出至处理器1501，处理器1501将基带信号转换为数据并对该数据进行处理。
示例性的，处理器1501可用于执行由图13所示处理模块1302执行的步骤。收发器1503可用于执行由图13所示通信模块1301执行的步骤。
另外，根据实际使用的需要，本申请实施例提供的通信装置可包括处理器，由该处理器调用外接的收发器和/或存储器以实现上述功能或步骤或操作。通信装置也可包括存储器，由处理器调用并执行存储器中存储的程序实现上述功能或步骤或操作。或者，通信装置也可包括处理器及收发器(或通信接口)，由处理器调用并执行外接的存储器中存储的程序实现上述功能或步骤或操作。或者，通信装置也可包括处理器、存储器以及收发器。
基于与上述方法实施例相同构思，本申请实施例中还提供一种计算机可读存储介质，其上存储有程序指令(或称计算机程序、指令)，该程序指令被处理器执行时，使该计算机执行上述方法实施例、方法实施例的任意一种可能的实现方式中由UPF、第一UE或SMF执行的操作。
基于与上述方法实施例相同构思，本申请实施例中还提供一种通信方法，该通信方法可由UPF、第一UE以及SMF执行。具体的，该方法可包括图5、图8-图12中任一附图所示的方法。
基于与上述方法实施例相同构思，本申请还提供一种计算机程序产品，包括程序指令，该计算机程序产品在被计算机调用执行时，可以使得计算机实现上述方法实施例、方法实施例的任意一种可能的实现方式中由UPF、第一UE或SMF执行的操作。
基于与上述方法实施例相同构思，本申请还提供一种芯片或芯片系统，该芯片与收发器耦合，用于实现上述方法实施例、方法实施例的任意一种可能的实现方式中由UPF、第一UE或SMF执行的操作。该芯片系统可包括该芯片，以及包括存储器、通信接口等组件。
基于与上述方法实施例相同构思，本申请还提供一种通信系统，该通信系统可用于实现上述方法实施例、方法实施例的任意一种可能的实现方式中由UPF、第一UE或SMF执行的操作。示例性的，该通信系统具有如图1所示的架构。
本领域内的技术人员应明白，本申请的实施例可提供为方法、系统、或计算机程序产品。因此，本申请可采用完全硬件实施例、完全软件实施例、或结合软件和硬件方面的实施例的形式。而且，本申请可采用在一个或多个其中包含有计算机可用程序代码的计算机可用存储介质(包括但不限于磁盘存储器、CD-ROM、光学存储器等)上实施的计算机程序产品的形式。
本申请是参照根据本申请的方法、设备(系统)、和计算机程序产品的流程图和/或方框图来描述的。应理解可由计算机程序指令实现流程图和/或方框图中的每一流程和/或方框、以及流程图和/或方框图中的流程和/或方框的结合。可提供这些计算机程序指令到通用计算机、专用计算机、嵌入式处理机或其他可编程数据处理设备的处理器以产生一个机器，使得通过计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备的处理器执行的指令产生用于实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能的装置。
这些计算机程序指令也可存储在能引导计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备以特定方式工作的计算机可读存储器中，使得存储在该计算机可读存储器中的指令产生包括指令装置的制造品，该指令装置实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能。
这些计算机程序指令也可装载到计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备上，使得在计算机或其他可编程设备上执行一系列操作步骤以产生计算机实现的处理，从而在计算机或其他可编程设备上执行的指令提供用于实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能的步骤。
显然，本领域的技术人员可以对本申请进行各种改动和变型而不脱离本申请的保护范围。这样，倘若本申请的这些修改和变型属于本申请权利要求及其等同技术的范围之内，则本申请也意图包含这些改动和变型在内。

Claims (34)

  1. 一种通信方法，其特征在于，包括：
    用户面功能UPF接收到来自于第一用户设备的第一数据流的第一分组；所述第一数据流的分组的发送端为所述第一用户设备，所述第一数据流的分组的接收端为第二用户设备；
    所述UPF在第一时刻向所述第二用户设备发送所述第一分组；
    其中，所述第一时刻与第三时刻、第一时长以及第二时长关联，所述第三时刻为所述第一分组到达所述第一用户设备的入接口的时刻，所述第一时长为所述第一分组在所述第一用户设备和设备侧时延敏感网络TSN转换器的驻留时长，所述第二时长为所述第一分组的上行协议数据单元PDU会话对应的分组时延预算；或者，
    所述第一时刻与第四时刻以及所述第二时长关联，所述第四时刻为所述第一分组到达所述第一用户设备的出接口的时刻。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述UPF在第一时刻向所述第二用户设备发送所述第一分组，包括：
    所述UPF在接收到所述第一分组后经过第四时长，向所述第二用户设备发送所述第一分组；
    所述第四时长与所述第一时长、所述第二时长、所述第三时刻以及第二时刻关联，所述第二时刻为所述UPF接收到所述第一分组的时刻。
  3. 如权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一分组中包括第一信息；
    所述第一信息用于指示所述第三时刻；或者，
    所述第一信息用于指示所述第三时刻以及所述第一时长；或者，
    所述第一信息用于指示第五时刻，所述第五时刻与所述第三时刻以及所述第一时长关联。
  4. 如权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述UPF接收来自于会话管理功能SMF的逐流过滤和管制PSFP参数；
    所述UPF根据所述PSFP参数，确定所述第三时刻。
  5. 如权利要求1-4中任一所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述UPF接收来自于SMF的第二信息，所述第二信息用于指示所述第一时长。
  6. 如权利要求1-4中任一所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一分组中包括第三信息，所述第三信息用于指示所述第一时长。
  7. 如权利要求1-6中任一所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述UPF接收来自于SMF的第四信息，所述第四信息用于指示所述第二时长。
  8. 如权利要求1-4中任一所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述UPF接收来自于SMF的第五信息，所述第五信息用于指示第三时长；
    所述UPF根据所述第三时刻以及所述第三时长，确定所述第一时刻。
  9. 如权利要求8所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第三时长为所述第一时长与所述第二时长的总和。
  10. 如权利要求1或7所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述UPF接收来自于SMF的第六信息，所述第六信息用于指示所述第四时刻。
  11. 如权利要求10所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述UPF接收来自于所述SMF的第七信息，所述第七信息用于指示第一周期，所述第一周期为所述第一分组从所述第一用户设备发送的周期，或者所述第一周期为两个分组的开始时刻之间的时间期间。
  12. 如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述UPF接收来自于SMF的时延敏感通信辅助信息和第四信息，所述第四信息用于指示第二时长。
  13. 如权利要求1、5或6中任一所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述UPF接收来自于SMF的第八信息，所述第八信息用于指示第五时刻，所述第五时刻与所述第三时刻以及所述第一时长关联。
  14. 如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述UPF接收来自于SMF的第九信息，所述第九信息用于指示所述第一时刻。
  15. 一种通信方法，其特征在于，包括：
    第一用户设备向UPF发送第一分组，所述第一分组包括第一信息或第三信息；
    其中，所述第一信息用于指示第三时刻，所述第三时刻为所述第一分组到达所述第一用户设备的入接口的时刻；或者，
    所述第一信息用于指示所述第三时刻以及第一时长，所述第一时长为所述第一分组在所述第一用户设备和设备侧TSN转换器的驻留时长；或者，
    所述第一信息用于指示第五时刻，所述第五时刻与所述第三时刻以及所述第一时长关联；
    所述第三信息用于指示所述第一时长。
  16. 如权利要求15所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述第一用户设备向SMF发送第十信息，所述第十信息用于指示所述第一时长和/或所述第三时刻。
  17. 如权利要求15或16所述的方法，其特征在于，还包括：
    所述第一用户设备接收来自于SMF的第十一信息，所述第十一信息包括所述第一分组的上行PDU会话的信息。
  18. 如权利要求17所述的方法，其特征在于，所述PDU会话的信息，包括以下信息中的至少一个：
    PDU会话标识；或者，
    服务质量流标识QFI；或者，
    媒体接入控制MAC地址；或者
    虚拟局域网标识VLAN ID。
  19. 一种通信方法，其特征在于，包括：
    第一用户设备向SMF发送第十信息，所述第十信息用于指示第一时长和/或第三时刻，所述第一时长为第一分组在所述第一用户设备和设备侧TSN转换器的驻留时长，所述第三时刻为所述第一分组到达所述第一用户设备的入接口的时刻；
    所述第一用户设备向UPF发送所述第一分组。
  20. 一种通信方法，其特征在于，包括：
    SMF向UPF发送PSFP参数、第二信息、第四信息、第五信息、第六信息、第七信息、时延敏感通信辅助信息、第八信息或者第九信息中的至少一个；
    其中，所述PSFP参数用于确定第三时刻，所述第三时刻为所述第一分组到达所述第一用户设备的入接口的时刻；
    所述第二信息用于指示第一时长，所述第一时长为所述第一分组在所述第一用户设备和设备侧TSN转换器的驻留时长；
    所述第四信息用于指示第二时长，所述第二时长为所述第一分组的上行PDU会话对应的分组时延预算；
    所述第五信息用于指示第三时长，所述第三时长为所述第一时长与所述第二时长的总和；
    所述第六信息用于指示第四时刻，所述第四时刻为所述第一分组到达所述第一用户设备的出接口的时刻；
    所述第七信息用于指示第一周期，所述第一周期为所述第一分组从所述第一用户设备发送的周期，或者所述第一周期为两个分组的开始时刻之间的时间期间；
    所述第八信息用于指示第五时刻，所述第五时刻与所述第三时刻以及所述第一时长关联；
    所述第九信息用于指示第一时刻，所述第一时刻与所述第三时刻、所述第一时长以及所述第二时长关联，或者，所述第一时刻与所述第三时刻以及所述第三时长关联，或者，所述第一时刻与所述第四时刻以及所述第二时长关联。
  21. 如权利要求20所述的方法，其特征在于，SMF向UPF发送所述第二信息、第五信息、所述第九信息中的至少一个之前，还包括：
    所述SMF接收来自于所述第一用户设备的第十信息，所述第十信息用于指示所述第一时长和/或第三时刻。
  22. 如权利要求20或21所述的方法，其特征在于，还包括：
    所述SMF确定所述第一分组由第一用户设备发送至第二用户设备；
    所述SMF向所述第一用户设备发送第十一信息，所述第十一信息包括所述第一分组的上行PDU会话的信息。
  23. 如权利要求22所述的方法，其特征在于，所述PDU会话的信息，包括以下信息中的至少一个：
    PDU会话标识；或者，
    QFI；或者，
    MAC地址；或者
    VLAN ID。
  24. 如权利要求20-23中任一所述的方法，其特征在于，所述SMF向所述UPF发送第九信息之前，还包括：
    所述SMF根据所述第三时刻以及所述第三时长，确定所述第一时刻；或者，
    所述SMF根据所述第三时刻、所述第一时长以及所述第二时长，确定所述第一时刻；或者，
    所述SMF根据所述第四时刻以及所述第二时长，确定所述第一时刻。
  25. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，包括：处理器，所述处理器与存储器耦合，所述存储器用于存储程序或指令，当所述程序或指令被所述处理器执行时，使得所述装置执行如权利要求1至14中任一项所述的方法。
  26. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，包括：处理器，所述处理器与存储器耦合，所述存储器用于存储程序或指令，当所述程序或指令被所述处理器执行时，使得所述装置执行如权利要求15至19中任一项所述的方法。
  27. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，包括：处理器，所述处理器与存储器耦合，所述存储器用于存储程序或指令，当所述程序或指令被所述处理器执行时，使得所述装置执行如权利要求20至24中任一项所述的方法。
  28. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，包括用于执行如权利要求1至14中任一所述的方法的单元或模块。
  29. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，包括用于执行如权利要求15至19中任一所述的方法的单元或模块。
  30. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，包括用于执行如权利要求20至24中任一所述的方法的单元或模块。
  31. 一种通信系统，其特征在于，包括如权利要求25或28所述的通信装置、如权利要求26或29所述的通信装置，以及如权利要求27或30所述的通信装置。
  32. 一种计算机可读介质，其上存储有程序或指令，其特征在于，所述程序或指令被执行时使得计算机执行如权利要求1至24中任一项所述的方法。
  33. 一种计算机程序产品，其特征在于，当所述计算机程序产品被计算设备执行时，使得所述计算设备执行如权利要求1至24中任一项所述的方法。
  34. 一种芯片，其特征在于，包括至少一个处理器和接口；
    所述接口，用于为所述至少一个处理器提供计算机程序、指令或者数据；
    所述至少一个处理器用于执行所述计算机程序或指令，以使得如权利要求1至24中任一项所述的方法被执行。
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